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Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income taxes receivable (payable)

TDS’ current income taxes balances at December 31, 2023 and 2022, were as follows:

December 31,			2023						2022
(Dollars in millions)
Federal income taxes receivable			$	1					$	56
Net state income taxes receivable			3						3

Income tax expense (benefit)

Income tax expense (benefit) is summarized as follows:

Year Ended December 31,			2023						2022						2021
(Dollars in millions)
Current
Federal			$	(1)					$	1					$	2
State			3						5						(21)
Deferred
Federal			(10)						32						59
State			18						15						(7)
Total income tax expense (benefit)			$	10					$	53					$	33

Income tax reconciliation

A reconciliation of TDS’ income tax expense computed at the statutory rate to the reported income tax expense, and the statutory federal income tax rate to TDS’ effective income tax rate is as follows:

Year Ended December 31,			2023												2022												2021
			Amount						Rate						Amount						Rate						Amount						Rate
(Dollars in millions)
Statutory federal income tax expense and rate			$	(100)					21.0		%				$	26					21.0		%				$	47					21.0		%
State income taxes, net of federal benefit1			16						(3.4)						16						12.8						(23)						(10.3)
Change in federal valuation allowance2			8						(1.7)						7						5.7						7						3.1
Goodwill impairment3			83						(17.4)						—						—						—						—
Nondeductible compensation			7						(1.4)						7						5.6						6						2.9
Tax credits			(3)						0.6						(2)						(1.9)						(2)						(0.8)
Other differences, net			(1)						0.2						(1)						(0.6)						(2)						(0.8)
Total income tax expense (benefit) and rate			$	10					(2.1)		%				$	53					42.6		%				$	33					15.1		%

1State income taxes, net of federal benefit, include changes in unrecognized tax benefits as well as adjustments to state valuation allowances. State taxes in 2021 are a net benefit due primarily to the reduction of tax accruals resulting from expirations of state statute of limitations for prior tax years.

2Change in federal valuation allowance is due primarily to annual interest expense from partnership investments that carryforward but may not be realized.

3Goodwill impairment reflects the federal tax effect of the portion of the impaired goodwill that is not amortizable for income tax purposes. See Note 7 — Intangible Assets for additional information related to the goodwill impairment.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities

Significant components of TDS’ deferred income tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2023 and 2022, were as follows:

December 31,			2023						2022
(Dollars in millions)
Deferred tax assets
Net operating loss (NOL) carryforwards			$	284					$	250
Lease liabilities			260						265
Contract liabilities			61						63
Interest expense carryforwards			133						74
Asset retirement obligation			123						116
Other			98						129
Total deferred tax assets			959						897
Less valuation allowance			(216)						(177)
Net deferred tax assets			743						720
Deferred tax liabilities
Property, plant and equipment			841						805
Licenses/intangibles			410						419
Partnership investments			181						173
Lease assets			242						245
Other			44						43
Total deferred tax liabilities			1,718						1,685
Net deferred income tax liability			$	975					$	965
Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as:
Deferred income tax liability, net			$	975					$	969
Other assets and deferred charges			—						(4)
Net deferred income tax liability			$	975					$	965

Deferred tax valuation allowance

A summary of TDS' deferred tax asset valuation allowance is as follows:

			2023						2022						2021
(Dollars in millions)
Balance at beginning of year			$	177					$	149					$	158
Charged to Income tax expense			39						28						(9)
Balance at end of year			$	216					$	177					$	149

Income tax unrecognized benefits summary

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:

			2023						2022						2021
(Dollars in millions)
Unrecognized tax benefits balance at beginning of year			$	38					$	37					$	54
Additions for tax positions of current year			10						6						8
Additions for tax positions of prior years			—						1						—
Reductions for tax positions of prior years			(2)						—						(3)
Reductions for settlements of tax positions			—						—						(2)
Reductions for lapses in statutes of limitations			(6)						(6)						(20)
Unrecognized tax benefits balance at end of year			$	40					$	38					$	37

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