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Property and Equipment
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]  
Property And Equipment
5. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
 
Property and equipment consists of the following (in thousands):
As of December 31,
20232022
Globalstar System:  
Space component$1,230,975 $1,246,343 
Ground component106,757 102,567 
Construction in progress: 
Space component240,732 110,068 
Ground component6,814 5,316 
Other9,574 9,167 
Total Globalstar System1,594,852 1,473,461 
Internally developed and purchased software23,310 22,509 
Equipment11,905 8,042 
Land and buildings2,677 1,681 
Leasehold improvements2,147 2,083 
Total property and equipment1,634,891 1,507,776 
Accumulated depreciation(1,010,889)(947,405)
Total property and equipment, net$624,002 $560,371 
 
In 2022, the Company entered into an agreement with MDA for the purchase of new satellites that will replenish the Company's HIBLEO-4 U.S.-licensed system. In 2023, the Company entered into an agreement with SpaceX providing for the launch of the first set of satellites under the agreement with MDA. Refer to Note 10: Commitments and Contingencies for further discussion of these agreements.

The table below reflects the amounts recorded on the Company's consolidated balance sheet (amounts in thousands).
As of December 31,
20232022
Satellite Procurement Agreement
Construction in progress
$198,884 $98,491 
Vendor financing liability
— 59,575 
Accrued construction costs
55,627 36,386 
Prepaid construction costs
6,683 11,470 
Launch Services Agreement
Construction in progress
$6,400 $— 
Accrued construction costs
2,560 — 
Prepaid construction costs
5,760 — 

Construction in progress costs are recorded in the "space component" of construction in progress in the table above. These costs include milestones completed under the Satellite Procurement Agreement and Launch Services Agreement as well as associated personnel costs and capitalized interest. Accrued construction costs reflect work completed, but not yet invoiced under the agreements. Prepaid construction costs reflect costs for milestone payments not yet completed and are recorded in Prepaid satellite costs and customer receivable on the Company's consolidated balance sheets.

The ground component of construction in progress includes costs incurred for assets to upgrade the Company's ground infrastructure, including costs associated with the procurement of new gateway antennas and gateway upgrade work in connection with the Service Agreements.
 
Capitalized Interest and Depreciation Expense
 
The following table summarizes capitalized interest for the periods indicated below (in thousands):  
 Year Ended December 31,
 202320222021
Interest cost eligible to be capitalized$39,143 $45,609 $47,580 
Interest cost recorded in interest income (expense), net(15,271)(29,836)(43,325)
Net interest capitalized$23,872 $15,773 $4,255 
 
The following table summarizes depreciation expense for the periods indicated below (in thousands): 
 Year Ended December 31,
 202320222021
Depreciation Expense$87,213 $85,475 $84,225 
 
The following table summarizes amortization expense for the periods indicated below (in thousands):
 Year Ended December 31,
 202320222021
Amortization Expense$978 $8,409 $12,012 

During 2022, the Company wrote down the value of certain second-generation ground assets, including intangible assets. Accordingly the amortization expense decreased during 2023 associated with these assets.

Geographic Location of Property and Equipment

Long-lived assets consist primarily of property and equipment and are attributed to various countries based on the physical location of the asset, except for the Company’s satellites which are included in the long-lived assets of the United States. The Company’s information by geographic area is as follows (in thousands):    
 Year Ended December 31,
 20232022
Property and equipment:  
North America$581,535 $524,880 
Central and South America16,122 12,678 
Africa12,379 11,507 
Asia Pacific11,411 8,913 
Europe2,555 2,393 
Total property and equipment$624,002 $560,371