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Table of Contents

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on 01 September 2023

​

​

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

​

​

FORM 20-F

​

| ◻ | REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR 12(g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

| ⌧ | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934—for the fiscal year ended 30 June 2023

OR

| ◻ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

| ◻ | SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

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Commission file number: 001-31615

​

Sasol Limited

(Exact name of registrant as Specified in its Charter)

​

Republic of South Africa

(Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)

​

Sasol Place, 50 Katherine Street, Sandton, 2196

South Africa

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

​

Hanré Rossouw, Chief Financial Officer, Tel. No. +27 10 344 3060, Email hanre.rossouw@sasol.com

Sasol Place, 50 Katherine Street, Sandton, 2196, South Africa

(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)

​

​

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Title of Each Class |  | Trading Symbol |  | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
American Depositary Shares | ​ | SSL | ​ | New York Stock Exchange
Ordinary Shares of no par value* | ​ | SSL | ​ | New York Stock Exchange
5,875% Notes due 2024 issued by Sasol Financing USA LLC | ​ | SOLJL | ​ | New York Stock Exchange
6,500% Notes due 2028 issued by Sasol Financing USA LLC | ​ | SOLJL | ​ | New York Stock Exchange
4,375% Notes due 2026 issued by Sasol Financing USA LLC | ​ | SOLJL | ​ | New York Stock Exchange
5,500% Notes due 2031 issued by Sasol Financing USA LLC | ​ | SOLJL | ​ | New York Stock Exchange

​

* | Listed on the New York Stock Exchange not for trading or quotation purposes, but only in connection with the registration of American Depositary Shares (ADS or ADSs) pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

​

​

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

​

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act: None

​

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the

annual report:

Table of Contents

640 667 612 Sasol shares comprising

634 336 265 Sasol ordinary shares of no par value

6 331 347 Sasol BEE ordinary shares of no par value

​

​

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☒ No ◻

​

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Yes ☐ No ⌧

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ◻

​

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232 405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ◻

​

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Large accelerated filer ⌧ | Accelerated filer ◻ | Non-accelerated filer ◻ | Emerging growth company ☐

​

If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ◻

​

† | The term “new or revised financial accounting standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.

​

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒

​

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ◻

​

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ◻

​

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

​

​ | ​ | ​
U.S. GAAP ◻ | International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ⌧ | Other ◻

​

If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow.

​

Item 17 ◻ Item 18 ◻

​

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ◻ No ⌧

​

​

​

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Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Page
ITEM 1. | IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS | 9
ITEM 2. | OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE | 9
ITEM 3. | KEY INFORMATION | 9
ITEM 4. | INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY | 36
ITEM 4A. | UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS | 63
ITEM 5. | OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS | 63
ITEM 6. | DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES | 77
ITEM 7. | MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS | 83
ITEM 8. | FINANCIAL INFORMATION | 84
ITEM 9. | THE OFFER AND LISTING | 85
ITEM 10. | ADDITIONAL INFORMATION | 85
ITEM 11. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK | 96
ITEM 12. | DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES | 97
ITEM 13. | DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES | 98
ITEM 14. | MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS | 98
ITEM 15. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES | 98
ITEM 16A. | AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT | 101
ITEM 16B. | CODE OF ETHICS | 101
ITEM 16C. | PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES | 101
ITEM 16D. | EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES | 102
ITEM 16E. | PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS | 102
ITEM 16F. | CHANGE IN REGISTRANT’S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT | 102
ITEM 16G. | CORPORATE GOVERNANCE | 103
ITEM 16H. | MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE | 103
ITEM 16I. | DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS | 103
ITEM 17. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | 103
ITEM 18. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | 103
ITEM 19. | EXHIBITS | H-1
LOCATION MAPS | M-1

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3

Table of Contents

PRESENTATION OF INFORMATION

We are incorporated in the Republic of South Africa as a public company under South African company law. Our audited consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).

As used in this Form 20-F:

| ● | “rand” or “R” means the currency of the Republic of South Africa;

| ● | “US dollars”, “dollars”, “US$” or “$” means the currency of the United States (US); and

| ● | “euro”, “EUR” or “€” means the common and currency of the member states of the European Monetary Union.

We present our financial information in rand, which is our reporting currency. Solely for your convenience, this Form 20-F contains translations of certain rand amounts into US dollars at specified rates as at and for the year ended 30 June 2023. These rand amounts do not represent actual US dollar amounts, nor could they necessarily have been converted into US dollars at the rates indicated.

All references in this Form 20-F to “years” refer to the financial years ended on 30 June. Any reference to a calendar year is prefaced by the word “calendar”.

Besides applying barrels (b or bbl) and standard cubic feet (scf) for reporting oil and gas reserves and production, Sasol applies the Système International (SI) metric measures for all global operations. A ton, or tonne, denotes one metric ton equivalent to 1 000 kilograms (kg). Sasol’s reference to metric tons should not be confused with an imperial ton equivalent to 2 240 pounds (or about 1 016 kg). Barrels per day, or bpd, or bbl/d, is used to refer to our oil and gas production.

In addition, in line with a South African convention under the auspices of the South African Bureau of Standards (SABS), the information presented herein is displayed using the decimal comma (e.g., 3,5) instead of the more familiar decimal point (e.g., 3.5) used in the UK, US and elsewhere. Similarly, a hard space is used to distinguish thousands in numeric figures (e.g., 2 500) instead of a comma (e.g., 2,500).

All references to the “group”, “us”, “we”, “our”, “Company”, or “Sasol” in this Form 20-F are to Sasol Limited, its group of subsidiaries and its interests in associates, joint arrangements and structured entities. All references in this Form 20-F are to Sasol Limited or the companies comprising the group, as the context may require. All references to “(Pty) Ltd” refer to Proprietary Limited, a form of corporation in South Africa which restricts the right of transfer of its shares and prohibits the public offering of its shares.

All references in this Form 20-F to “South Africa” and “the government” are to the Republic of South Africa and its government. All references to the “JSE” are to the JSE Limited or Johannesburg Stock Exchange, the securities exchange of our primary listing. All references to “SARB” refer to the South African Reserve Bank. All references to “PPI” and “CPI” refer to the South African Producer Price Index and Consumer Price Index, respectively, which are measures of inflation in South Africa. All references to “GTL” refer to our gas-to-liquids processes.

Forward-looking and other statements in this Form 20-F including those in relation to our environmental, social and other sustainability plans and goals are not an indication that these statements are necessarily material to investors or required to be disclosed in our filings with the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). In addition, historical, current, and forward-looking environmental, social and sustainability-related statements may be based on standards for measuring progress that are still developing, internal controls and processes that continue to evolve, and assumptions that are subject to change in the future.

Future production profiles in this Form 20-F, and its related exhibits, do not yet reflect the impact of our greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction strategy as the programme was still in pre-feasibility phase at 30 June 2023. It is expected that the programme will progress past pre-feasibility during calendar year 2023 with the related impact of disclosure reflected in this Form 20-F.

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Unless otherwise stated, presentation of financial information in this annual report on Form 20-F will be pursuant to IFRS. Our discussion of business segment results follows the basis used by the President and Chief Executive Officer (the company’s chief operating decision maker) for segmental financial decisions, resource allocation and performance assessment, which forms the accounting basis for segmental reporting, that is disclosed to the investing and reporting public.

“Financial Review” means the Chief Financial Officer’s performance overview included in Exhibit 99.3.

“Headline earnings per share (HEPS)” refers to disclosures made under the listings requirements issued by the JSE (JSE Listing Requirements).

“Core headline earnings per share (CHEPS)” refers to a disclosure based on HEPS above, calculated by adjusting headline earnings with non-recurring items, earnings and losses of significant capital projects (exceeding four billion rand) which have reached beneficial operation and are still ramping up, all translation gains and losses (realised and unrealised), all gains and losses on our derivatives and hedging activities (realised and unrealised), and share-based payments on implementation of Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment (B-BBEE) transactions. Period close adjustments in relation to the valuation of our derivatives at period end are to remove volatility from earnings as these instruments are valued using forward curves and other market factors at the reporting date and could vary from period to period. We believe core headline earnings is a useful measure of the group’s sustainable operating performance. However, this is not a defined term under IFRS, should not be viewed as a substitute for earnings for the year or earnings per share and may not be comparable with similarly titled measures reported by other companies. The aforementioned adjustments are the responsibility of the directors of Sasol. The adjustments have been prepared for illustrative purposes only and due to their nature, core headline earnings may not necessarily be indicative of Sasol’s financial position, changes in equity, results of operations or cash flows.

“EBIT” refers to earnings before interest and tax.

“LBIT” refers to loss before interest and tax.

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

We may from time to time make written or oral forward-looking statements, including in this Form 20-F, in other filings with the SEC, in reports to shareholders and in other communications. These statements may relate to analyses and other information which are based on forecasts of future results and estimates of amounts not yet determinable. These statements may also relate to our future prospects, expectations, developments and business strategies. Examples of such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:

| ● | rising inflation, supply chain issues volatile commodity costs and other inflationary pressures exacerbated by the Russia/Ukraine war and subsequent sanctions;

| ● | the capital cost of our projects, including the Production Sharing Agreement (PSA) project (including material, engineering and construction cost) and the timing of project milestones;

| ● | our ability to obtain financing to meet the funding requirements of our capital investment programme, as well as our ongoing business activities and to pay dividends;

| ● | statements regarding our future results of operations and financial condition and regarding future economic performance including cost-containment, cash-conservation programmes and business optimisation initiatives;

| ● | statements regarding recent and proposed accounting pronouncements and their impact on our future results of operations and financial condition;

| ● | statements of our business strategy, business performance outlook, plans, objectives or goals, including those related to products or services;

| ● | statements regarding future competition, volume growth and changes in market share in the industries and markets for our products;

| ● | statements regarding our existing or anticipated investments (including the Mozambique exploration and development activities, the GTL joint venture in Qatar, chemical projects and joint arrangements in North America and other investments), acquisitions of new businesses or the disposal of existing businesses, including estimates or projections of internal rates of return and future profitability;

| ● | statements regarding our estimated oil, gas and coal reserves;

| ● | statements regarding the probable future outcomes of litigation and regulatory proceedings and the future development in legal and regulatory matters including statements regarding our ability to comply with future laws and regulations;

| ● | statements regarding future fluctuations in refining margins and crude oil, natural gas and petroleum and chemical product prices;

| ● | statements regarding the demand, pricing and cyclicality of oil, gas and petrochemical product prices;

| ● | statements regarding changes in the fuel and gas pricing mechanisms in South Africa and their effects on prices, our operating results and profitability;

| ● | statements regarding future fluctuations in exchange and interest rates and changes in credit ratings;

| ● | statements regarding total shareholder return;

| ● | statements regarding our growth and expansion plans;

| ● | statements regarding our current or future products and anticipated customer demand for these products;

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| ● | statements regarding acts of war, terrorism or other events that may adversely affect the group’s operations or those of key stakeholders to the group;

| ● | the impact of any pandemics, and the measures taken in response, on Sasol’s business, results of operations, markets, employees, financial condition and liquidity;

| ● | the effectiveness of any actions taken by Sasol to address or limit any impact of such pandemics on its business, people and operations;

| ● | statements and assumptions relating to macroeconomics including in relation to potential impact of pandemics;

| ● | statements regarding climate change, climate change impacts, and our climate change strategies including strategies around disclosure and transparency of climate, energy efficiency improvement, GHG emission reduction targets, our net zero emissions ambition and future low-carbon initiatives, including relating to green hydrogen and sustainable aviation fuel;

| ● | statements regarding our estimated carbon tax liability;

| ● | statements regarding cyber security;

| ● | statements regarding ongoing litigation, including tax litigation and assessments; and

| ● | statements of assumptions underlying such statements.

Words such as “believe”, “anticipate”, “expect”, “intend”, “seek”, “will”, “plan”, “could”, “may”, “endeavour”, “target”, “forecast” and “project” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements but are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements.

By their very nature, forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties, both general and specific, and there are risks that the predictions, forecasts, projections and other forward-looking statements will not be achieved. If one or more of these risks materialise, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in such forward-looking statements. You should understand that a number of important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from the plans, objectives, expectations, estimates and intentions expressed in such forward-looking statements. These factors include among others, and without limitation:

| ● | the impact of pandemics, and the related response measures, on the Company and on the economies in which we operate;

| ● | the outcome in pending and developing regulatory matters and the effect of changes in regulation and government policy;

| ● | the political, social and fiscal regime and economic conditions and developments in the world, especially in those countries in which we operate;

| ● | the outcome of legal proceedings including tax litigation and assessments;

| ● | our ability to maintain key customer relations in important markets;

| ● | our ability to improve results despite increased levels of competition;

| ● | our ability to utilise our oil gas and coal reserves as anticipated;

| ● | the continuation of substantial growth in significant developing markets;

| ● | the ability to benefit from our capital investment programme;

| ● | the accuracy of our assumptions in assessing the economic viability of our large capital projects and growth in significant developing areas of our business;

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| ● | the ability to gain access to sufficient competitively priced gas, coal and other feedstocks and/or other commodities;

| ● | the impact of increasingly more stringent environmental legislation and regulation on our operations and access to natural resources;

| ● | the risk of potential liability for our operations under existing or future environmental regulations;

| ● | our success in continuing technological innovation to address climate change risks;

| ● | the success of our B-BBEE ownership transactions;

| ● | our ability to maintain sustainable earnings despite fluctuations in oil, gas and commodity prices, foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates;

| ● | our ability to maintain sufficient levels of cash at all times;

| ● | our ability to attract and retain sufficient and adequately skilled employees;

| ● | the risk of completing major projects within budget and schedule; and

| ● | our success at managing the foregoing risks.

The foregoing list of important factors is not exhaustive; when relying on forward-looking statements to make investment decisions, you should carefully consider the foregoing factors and other uncertainties and events, and you should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements apply only as of the date on which they are made and we do not undertake any obligation to update or revise any of them, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. See “Item 3.D—Risk factors”

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ENFORCEABILITY OF CERTAIN CIVIL LIABILITIES

We are a public company incorporated under the company law of South Africa. Most of our directors and officers reside outside the US, principally in South Africa. You may not be able, therefore, to effect service of process within the US upon those directors and officers with respect to matters arising under the federal securities laws of the US.

In addition, most of our assets and the assets of most of our directors and officers are located outside the US. As a result, you may not be able to enforce against us or our directors and officers judgements obtained in US courts predicated on the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the US.

There are additional factors to be considered under South African law in respect of the enforceability in South Africa (in original actions or in actions for enforcement of judgements of US courts) of liabilities predicated on the US federal securities laws. These additional factors include, but are not necessarily limited to:

| ● | South African public policy considerations;

| ● | South African legislation regulating the applicability and extent of damages and/or penalties that may be payable by a party;

| ● | the applicable rules under the relevant South African legislation which regulate the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgements in South Africa; and

| ● | the South African courts’ inherent jurisdiction to intervene in any matter which such courts may determine warrants the courts’ intervention (despite any agreement among the parties to (i) have any certificate or document being conclusive proof of any factor, or (ii) oust the courts’ jurisdiction).

Based on the foregoing, there is no certainty as to the enforceability in South Africa (in original actions or in actions for enforcement of judgements of US courts) of liabilities predicated on the US federal securities laws.

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ITEM 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS

Not applicable.

ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

Not applicable.

ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION

3.A [Reserved]

3.B Capitalisation and indebtedness

Not applicable.

3.C Reasons for the offer and use of proceeds

Not applicable.

3.D Risk factors

This section describes some of the risks that could materially affect, separately or in combination, Sasol’s business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition. Additional risk factors not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business operations. Accordingly, investors should carefully consider these risks.

Further background and measures that we use when assessing various risks are set out in the relevant sections of this report, indicated by way of cross references under each risk factor

Summary of Risk Factors

Please carefully consider all of the information discussed in this Report for a more thorough description of these and other risks. The risks described below are organised by risk type and are not listed in order of their priority to us or their impact on us.

Risks related to our business

| ● | Cyclicality in petrochemical product prices and demand may adversely affect our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition;

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| ● | Our coal, synthetic oil and natural gas reserve estimates may be materially different from quantities and qualities that we eventually recover or ultimately make use of;

| ● | We may be unable to access, discover, appraise and develop coal and gas resources at

a rate and price that is adequate to sustain our

business and/or enable growth;

| ● | We may not be able to exploit technological advances quickly enough and successfully or competitors may develop superior technologies; and

| ● | Our insurance may not sufficiently cover damage or other potential losses, thereby impacting our business and financial condition.

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Risks related to financial matters

| ● | We may not be able to finance, refinance, extend or repay our indebtedness on time, which would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and ability to continue as a going concern;

| ● | Our access to and cost of funding is affected by our credit rating, which in turn is affected by, among other factors, our financial performance and the sovereign credit rating of the Republic of South Africa;

| ● | We may not achieve our Sasol 2.0 transformation programme cash conservation targets;

| ● | Fluctuations in coal, crude oil, natural gas, ethane, chemical and petroleum product prices and refining margins may adversely affect our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition; and

| ● | Fluctuations in exchange rates may adversely affect our business, operating results, cashflows and financial condition.

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Risks related to economic, political or social factors

| ● | Economic, political or social factors affecting the regions in which we operate may have a material adverse effect on our operations and profit.

Risks related to our capital investments

| ● | We may not achieve projected benefits of acquisitions or divestments;

| ● | Our projects / capital investments are subject to schedule delays and cost overruns, and we may face material changes in market conditions or other business assumptions, which could render our projects unviable or less profitable than planned;

| ● | As our service providers supplying the oil and gas industry in Mozambique are concentrated

and the supplier market is not mature, our

business could be adversely affected;

| ● | Exposure related to significant investments in associates and joint arrangements may adversely affect our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition; and

| ● | We may not pay dividends or make similar payments to shareholders in the future due to various factors.

Risks related to the safety of our operations

| ● | Power and water deficits and poor infrastructure may impact our operations;

| ● | We may face potential costs in connection with accidents causing property damage, personal injury or environmental contamination, industry and value chain-related operational interruptions; and

| ● | Our facilities may also be subject to deliberate disruptions.

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Risks related to legal, regulatory and governance matters

| ● | Our shareholders might lose confidence in our financial and other public reporting if we experience material weaknesses or significant deficiencies and fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls over financial reporting which in turn may adversely affect our share price;

| ● | Certain factors may result in the recognition of an impairment charge, which could negatively impact our financial condition;

| ● | Actual or alleged non-compliance with regulatory requirements could result in criminal or civil enforcement and associated sanctions and/or harm our reputation and negatively impact our licence to operate;

| ● | South African legislation relating to mining, petroleum and energy activities may have an adverse effect on our mineral rights and impact our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition;

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| ● | Changes in safety, health, environmental and chemical regulations, other legislation and public opinion may adversely affect our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition;

| ● | We are subject to risks associated with litigation and regulatory proceedings; and

| ● | Intellectual property risks may adversely affect

our freedom to operate our processes and sell

our products and may dilute our competitive

advantage.

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Risks related to our sustainability

| ● | Our strategy to respond to climate change, including compliance with evolving regulatory requirements and policy to reduce GHG emissions and to adequately disclose related risks and impacts, may not be successful and could negatively impact our business and growth as well as result in claims against our business. In addition, laws, policies and societal concerns related to climate change could reduce supply/demand for our products, increase our operational costs, reduce our competitiveness, negatively impact our stakeholder relations, or adversely affect our licence to operate and impede our access to capital and financing.

​

Risks related to health, including pandemics

| ● | Our global operations expose us to pandemics, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, that may adversely affect our workforce and impact business continuity, operating results, cash flows and financial condition.

​

Risks related to information management

| ● | We may face the risk of data privacy breaches or attempts to disrupt critical information technology services, which may adversely impact our operations.

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Risks related to our people

| ● | Challenges remain around our ability to attract and retain critical skills to fill vacant positions to support current and future business requirements.

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Risks related to our American Depositary Receipts (ADR or ADRs)

| ● | The exercise of voting rights by holders of ADRs is limited in some circumstances;

| ● | Holders of Sasol’s ordinary shares or ADSs may be subject to dilution as a result of any non-preemptive share issuance, and shareholders outside South Africa or ADS holders may not be able to participate in future offerings of securities (including Sasol’s ordinary shares) carried out by or on behalf of Sasol;

| ● | Sales of a large amount of Sasol’s ordinary shares and ADSs could adversely affect the prevailing market price of the securities; and

| ● | US securities laws do not require Sasol to disclose as much information to investors as a US issuer is required to disclose, and investors may receive less information about the Company than they might otherwise receive from a comparable US company.

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Risks related to our business

Cyclicality in petrochemical product prices and demand may adversely affect our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition

Sasol’s chemicals portfolio includes several products that are exposed to cyclicality in margins. Margins for polymers, solvents, surfactants and fertilisers trend in a cyclical manner that usually, but not always, coincides with the normal business cycles of regional and global economies.

Cyclicality combined with difficulty forecasting the timing of the industry business cycle, and prices for chemical products during the current volatile market conditions may have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition.

Loss of competitiveness for Sasol remains a risk, driven by inter alia uncompetitive product prices, insufficient volumes to meet demand, cost of production and production volumes, sub optimal inventory levels, supply chain disruptions, critical feedstock availability, inadequate innovation, loss of customers and ability to place product in the market. This includes the risk of increased competition in the liquid fuels market in Southern Africa should new market entrants emerge who in turn could place refineries with own production at risk.
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Our coal, synthetic oil and natural gas reserve estimates may be materially different from quantities and qualities that we eventually recover or ultimately make use of

Our reported coal, synthetic oil and natural gas reserves are estimated quantities and qualities based on applicable reporting regulations that, under present conditions, have the potential to be economically mined, processed, produced, delivered to market and sold.

There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities and qualities of reserves and in projecting future rates of production, including factors that are beyond our control and therefore estimated quantities and qualities of reserves are uncertain. The accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the quality of available data, engineering and geological interpretation, costs to develop and produce, and market prices for related products.

Reserve estimates are adjusted to reflect improved recovery and extensions, and are also revised from time to time based on improved data acquired from actual production experience and other factors. In addition, regulatory changes and market prices may result in a revision to estimated reserves. Revised estimates may have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition. For example, if quantities and qualities eventually recovered are materially different from estimates, then this could result in us having insufficient quantities to meet demand or supply obligations for such production. See “Item 4.D—Property, plants and equipment”.

We may be unable to access, discover, appraise and develop coal and gas resources at a rate and price that is adequate to sustain our business and/or enable growth

Our natural gas reserves in Mozambique are of particular importance as feedstock for our plants in South Africa, as well as for sales of gas into the markets in Mozambique and South Africa. We continue to develop a portfolio of gas options in Mozambique which includes gas field development of the current Petroleum Production Agreements (PPA) and PSA assets as well as pursuing exploration opportunities such as the recent gas find in PT5C however, we cannot be sure that we will be able to successfully develop such portfolio of gas options

Competition for suitable opportunities, increasing technical difficulty, stringent regulatory and environmental standards, large capital requirements and existing capital commitments may negatively affect our ability to access, appraise and develop new gas resources in a timely manner, which could adversely impact our ability to support and sustain our current business operations while we transition to Future Sasol.

Our future growth could also be impacted by these factors, potentially leading to a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition.

​

We may not be able to exploit technological advances quickly enough and successfully or competitors may develop superior technologies

Many of our operations, including the manufacture of synthetic fuels and petrochemical products, are dependent on the use of advanced technologies. The development, commercialisation and integration of the appropriate advanced technologies can affect, among others, the competitiveness of our products, the continuity of our operations, our feedstock requirements and the capacity and efficiency of our production.

It is possible that new technologies or novel processes may emerge and that existing technologies may be further developed in the fields in which we operate. Unexpected advances in employed technologies or the development of novel processes can affect our operations and product ranges in that they could render the technologies we utilise or the products we produce obsolete or less competitive in the future. Difficulties in accessing new technologies may impede us from implementing them and competitive and environmental pressures may force us to implement these new technologies at a substantial cost.

In addition to the potential technological challenges, expansion projects are often integrated across our value chain. Delays with the development of an integrated project might, accordingly, have an impact on more than one business segment and could result in a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition.

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Over time, green hydrogen is anticipated to be a feedstock for the sustainable products that Sasol will increasingly look to produce however, this will depend on the affordability of green hydrogen production and electrolysers, scale of renewable energy roll-out and Sasol’s ability to procure the technology cost effectively. Our effort to become a green hydrogen producer may be unsuccessful and the process may lead to increased operational and capital costs and negatively impact other growth strategies. See “—Risks related to our sustainability—Our strategy to respond to climate change, including compliance with evolving regulatory requirements and policy to reduce GHG emissions and to adequately disclose related risks and impacts, may not be successful and could negatively impact our business and growth as well as result in claims against our business. In addition, laws, policies and societal concerns related to climate change could reduce supply/demand for our products, increase our operational costs, reduce our competitiveness, negatively impact our stakeholder relations, or adversely affect our licence to operate and our access to capital and financing” for more information.

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Our insurance may not sufficiently cover damage or other potential losses, thereby impacting our business and financial condition.

It is Sasol’s policy to ensure effective service provider management and procure appropriate insurance cover for property damage and business interruption for its production facilities. The policy is to procure cover above acceptable deductible levels at acceptable commercial premiums. However, full cover for all loss scenarios may not be available at acceptable commercial rates, and we cannot give any assurance that the insurance procured for any particular year would cover all potential risks sufficiently or that the insurers will have the financial ability to pay all claims that may arise. In addition, loss and liability in relation to cybersecurity may not be sufficiently covered by any insurance.

The costs we may incur as a result of the above or related factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition.

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Risks related to financial matters

We may not be able to finance, refinance, extend or repay our indebtedness on time, which would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and ability to continue as a going concern

A number of short to medium-term factors can adversely affect our access to capital and ability to refinance our existing indebtedness or incur future debt on commercially reasonable terms (if at all), which in turn can materially affect our business, results, liquidity and financial condition. These factors include:

| ● | the increased risk of a prolonged surge in global inflation and interest rates;

| ● | financial and operational performance, including operating cash flow, our net debt to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) ratio and our share price;

| ● | prolonged dislocation in the financial and capital markets;

| ● | prolonged periods of low oil prices and a decline in fuel and chemicals margins;

| ● | inherent business risks, including unplanned production outages, declines in margins for our products, higher than anticipated capital requirements to sustain operations or for projects and supply chain disruptions;

| ● | climate change concerns, which may restrict the availability of bank loans or access to the local and global debt capital markets;

| ● | changes in financial market regulation; and

| ● | adverse global events including impact from pandemics and military conflicts.

In addition, our principal credit facilities contain restrictive covenants (including financial covenants). These restrictive covenants limit, among other things, our ability to encumber our assets, incur incremental debt and dispose of assets in certain circumstances. In addition, the financial covenants include a requirement to not exceed a maximum net debt to EBITDA ratio. These restrictive covenants could limit our operating and financial flexibility and failure to comply with any covenant may enable the lenders to accelerate repayment obligations.

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Our operating cash flow and credit facilities may also be insufficient to meet our capital requirements and related incremental working capital plans, depending on the timing and cost of development of our existing and future projects and our operating performance. As a result, additional capital may be needed to meet the funding requirements of these projects and ongoing business activities, and any inability to refinance or extend debt maturities may impact our financial condition and ability to continue as a going concern.

Further, we have incurred US dollar denominated indebtedness. To the extent US dollars are not readily available to us we may not be able to fund such repayments.

Moreover, under South African exchange control regulations, we must obtain approval from the Financial Surveillance Department (FSD) of the South African Reserve Bank regarding any capital raising activity involving a currency other than the rand. In granting its approval, the FSD may impose conditions on our use of the proceeds of the capital raising activity outside South Africa, including limits on our ability to retain the proceeds of this capital raising activity outside South Africa or a requirement that we seek further approval by the FSD prior to applying any of these funds to any specific use. Any limitations imposed by the FSD on our use of the proceeds of a capital raising activity could adversely affect our flexibility in financing our investments or our financial needs. For more information regarding exchange controls in South Africa, see “Item 10.D—Exchange controls”.

Our access to and cost of funding is affected by our credit rating, which in turn is affected by, among other factors, our financial performance and the sovereign credit rating of the Republic of South Africa

Any downgrades to our credit rating, be that due to the deterioration of our financial performance or a decline of the sovereign credit rating of the Republic of South Africa, could adversely affect our access to and the cost of funding.

We may not achieve our Sasol 2.0 transformation programme cash conservation targets

In November 2020, Sasol announced the Sasol 2.0 business transformation programme to the market, which is aimed at transforming Sasol’s organisation

and delivering a sustainable, profitable and globally competitive business. The programme has specific targets for cash fixed cost, gross margin, working capital and maintaining and transforming categories of capital spend.

The achievement of the Sasol 2.0 transformation programme is a top priority for Sasol, however, there are factors that may impact the delivery negatively. These include negative macroeconomic developments or further deterioration of market conditions as well as the impact of operational instability and our failure to manage costs appropriately across our operating sites. The actual cash flow improvement achieved may therefore differ significantly from the current targeted amounts. If the anticipated benefits cannot be realised from these efforts, our business, operating results, financial condition, cash flows and ability to execute our growth strategy could be adversely affected.

Fluctuations in coal, crude oil, natural gas, ethane, chemical and petroleum product prices and refining margins may adversely affect our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition

Market prices are subject to fluctuations due to general economic conditions, industry inventory levels and technology advancements

We depend on coal, crude oil, natural gas, ethane, chemical and petroleum products, among others, as feedstock and process materials. The market prices of these products fluctuate as they are subject to local and international supply and demand fundamentals and other factors over which we have no control. Currency fluctuations and commodity prices can have a joint impact on Sasol’s financial performance and could adversely affect our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition, including by the delay or cancellation of projects.

In addition, a substantial proportion of our turnover is derived from sales of natural gas, chemical and petroleum products, the prices of which have fluctuated significantly in recent years. These prices are affected primarily by crude oil prices and other factors including changes in product inventory, global production capacity and availability of substitute fuels. Worldwide supply conditions and crude oil prices may be significantly influenced by macroeconomic conditions, industry inventory levels, technology advancements, weather-related damage and disruptions, alternative fuel prices and geopolitical risks, including

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warfare. See “Item 5.A—Operating results” for the impact of the crude oil prices on the results of our operations.

It is inherently difficult to forecast fluctuations in prices for coal, crude oil, natural gas, ethane, chemicals and petroleum products. This risk has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on those product markets as well as the disruption caused by the Russia/ Ukraine war and the consequent inflationary pressures from feedstock costs, impacts on supply chains and uncertainties around changes in monetary policy in high inflationary environments. The macro environment remains highly volatile, with key indicators (such as exchange rate, oil, feedstock cost and inflation) moving with significant variations on a regular basis.

As we are unable to control the price at which these products are purchased or sold, fluctuations in prices of these products, or any inability to obtain or sell these products, may have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition.

South African regulations and margin erosion

The South African government controls and/or regulates certain fuel prices and our margins may be impacted as a result of changes to the regulations and formulae used to calculate such prices.

South African liquid fuels prices are determined on an import parity principle using the “Basic Fuel Price” (BFP) mechanism. Elements in the BFP formula are updated or adjusted from time to time at the discretion of the Department of Mineral Resources and Energy (DMRE), which may affect margins.

Further, through our equity participation in the National Petroleum Refiners of South Africa (Pty) Ltd (Natref) crude oil refinery, we are exposed to fluctuations in refinery margins resulting from fluctuations in international crude oil and petroleum product prices.

In addition, piped gas prices are regulated through the approval of maximum piped gas prices by the National Energy Regulator of South Africa (NERSA). NERSA uses its Maximum Gas Price Methodology adopted from time to time as the guideline for assessing and deciding on maximum gas price applications by licenced traders. In January 2023, NERSA adopted a revised Maximum Gas Price Methodology. The implementation by NERSA of this revised methodology in relation to future gas price applications by Sasol Gas (Pty) Ltd (Sasol Gas) could have an adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition. In addition, the outcome of the ongoing litigation in the review application of the 2021 NERSA Maximum Gas Price decision (described under “Item 4.B—Business overview—Legal proceedings and other contingencies”) may also lead to such an adverse effect.

Long term fluctuations in US dollar prices for oil and ethane

While we use derivative financial instruments and engage in hedging activities from time to time to mitigate against downside risk, these do not protect against differing trends in the correlation between crude oil and ethane and chemicals and petroleum product prices and as such, our exposure could result in reduced revenues and may have an adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition. See “Item 11—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk”.

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Fluctuations in exchange rates may adversely affect our business, operating results, cashflows and financial condition

The rand is the principal functional currency of our operations, and we report our financial results in rand. However, a significant portion of our turnover is impacted by the US dollar and the pricing of most petroleum and chemical products is based on global commodity and benchmark prices which are quoted in US dollars. Further, the components of the BFP are US dollar-denominated and converted to rand, which impacts the price at which we sell fuel in South Africa. In addition, a significant part of our borrowings is US dollar-denominated, as these relate to investments outside South Africa or constitute materials, engineering and construction costs imported into South Africa. Fluctuations in the rand/US dollar (ZAR/US$) exchange rate impact our financial leverage and estimated capital expenditure. We also generate turnover and incur operating costs in US dollars, euros and other currencies.

Accordingly, fluctuations in exchange rates between the rand and US dollar, and/or euro may have a material effect on our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition.

Furthermore, the rand exchange rate is affected by various international and South African economic and political factors. Strengthening of the rand would have an adverse effect on our operating results, cash flows and financial condition. However, given the significance of our foreign currency denominated long-term debt, a weaker rand against the US dollar would have a negative impact on our gearing. See “Item 5.A—Operating results” for further information regarding the effect of exchange rate fluctuations on our results of operations.

Although the exchange rate of the rand is primarily market-determined, its value at any time may not be an accurate reflection of its underlying value, due to the potential effect of, among other factors, exchange controls. For more information regarding exchange controls in South Africa see “Item 10.D—Exchange controls”.

In addition, fluctuations in the exchange rates of the rand against the US dollar, euro and other currencies impact the comparability of our financial statements between periods due to the effects of translating the functional currencies of our foreign subsidiaries into rand at different exchange rates.

Risks related to economic, political or social factors

Economic, political or social factors affecting the regions in which we operate may have a material adverse effect on our operations and profits

Fiscal and monetary policies

Macroeconomic factors, such as inflation and interest rates, could affect our ability to contain costs and obtain cost-effective debt financing.

Global financial conditions, geo-political tensions, commodity price trends, emerging market sentiment swings and domestic sociopolitical and policy developments, could contribute to significant currency volatility.

Further, global economic conditions remain highly uncertain. Macroeconomic and socio-political uncertainties and other potential disruptions to international credit markets and financial systems could cause a loss of investor confidence and any economic recovery may remain limited in geographic scope. The risk also remains that a recovery could be slow or that the global economy could fall into a deep and long-lasting recession.

Political and social uncertainty

We have invested in or are in the process of investing in and/or divesting from, significant operations in Southern African, European, North American, Asian and Middle Eastern countries that are experiencing or have experienced political, social and economic uncertainty. For example, South Africa faces ongoing challenges in improving the country’s growth potential, reducing inequality, weak public finances, corruption and addressing weaknesses at state-owned enterprises, particularly the national power utility, Eskom (Eskom) and Transnet SOC Limited (Transnet) (the state-owned rail, port and pipeline company), and other institutions. It also continues to face events and potential future risks related to civil and social unrest. In 2021, South Africa experienced security threats to operations and people, continuity risks in operations and business, reductions in market demand for products, and interruptions in supply chains which significantly impacted the economy, business generally and us specifically in various ways. These factors remain a risk to South Africa’s business environment, sovereign credit rating outlook and future socioeconomic stability.

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In addition, economic and political instability in regions outside of the jurisdictions in which we operate and other geopolitical events such as the Russia/ Ukraine war may result in unavoidable uncertainties that could negatively affect costs of business and cause volatility in exchange rates, commodity prices, and interest rates. Such events could also impact worldwide political, regulatory, economic or market conditions, as well as causing instability in political institutions, regulatory agencies and financial markets, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition. Furthermore, there has been an increasing trend of coalition governments at the local government (city/town) level in South Africa, resulting in some instability at this level of government. National elections will be held in South Africa in 2024. We are uncertain of the impact national elections will have on national policies relating to the overall business environment and Sasol.

Further, government policies, laws and regulations in countries where we operate, or plan to operate, may change in the future. Governments in those countries have in the past and may in the future pursue policies of resource nationalisation and market intervention, including through protectionism like import tariffs and subsidies. The impact of such changes on our ability to deliver on planned projects cannot be determined with any degree of certainty. Such changes may therefore have an adverse effect on our operations and financial results.

Transformation and local content

Sasol is required to interpret and understand the local content requirements for those countries in which it operates. For example, for the oil and gas industry in the Republic of Mozambique we are required to interpret certain local content requirements to be able to enhance our social licence to operate. As a result, not understanding or complying with the local content requirements pose a risk to Sasol

Further, we cannot assure compliance with local content requirements (including during the empowerment period) or with newly imposed conditions. For example, value creation, if any, to the majority of the Khanyisa shareholders at the conclusion of the Sasol Khanyisa Transaction (as defined below) is exposed to the inherent business risks of Sasol South Africa Limited (SSA) during the empowerment period. The value created is determined with reference to the extent the fair value of SSA and any dividends declared by SSA exceed any outstanding vendor financing related to these Khanyisa shareholders at the end of the transaction period. Any adverse impact on dividend distributions to the Khanyisa shareholders or on the valuation of the SSA business on conclusion of the transaction will reduce the ultimate value created. See “Item 4.B—Empowerment of historically disadvantaged South Africans”.

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Disruptive industrial action

While the Sasol employee relations landscape is relatively stable, the South African labour market remains volatile and can be characterised by major industrial actions in key sectors of the economy, especially during the season of wage negotiations.

Other factors affecting our operations

Other specific country risks that are applicable to countries in which we operate, and which may have a material adverse effect on our business include:

| ● | expropriation of assets;

| ● | non-performance by state-owned enterprises in South Africa such as Eskom and Transnet. See “Risks related to the safety of our operations— Power and water deficits and poor infrastructure may impact our operations”;

| ● | lack of capacity (financial or otherwise) to deal with emergency response situations; and

| ● | terrorism threats.

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Risks related to our capital investments

We may not achieve projected benefits of acquisitions or divestments

We may, from time to time and subject to favourable market conditions, pursue acquisitions or divestments. Further, the rise of factors and concerns relating to sustainability and environmental, social and governance issues in investment decisions may also result in certain divestments.

With any such transactions, there is the risk that any benefits or synergies identified at the time of acquisition/divestment may not be fully achieved as a result of changing or inappropriate assumptions, materially different market conditions, integration challenges or other factors. Furthermore, we could be found liable, regardless of extensive due diligence reviews, for past acts or omissions of the acquired / disposed business without any adequate right of redress.

In addition, in the event we choose to raise debt capital to finance acquisitions, our leverage will increase. Should we choose to use equity as consideration for an acquisition, existing shareholders may suffer dilution. Alternatively, we may choose to finance any acquisition with our existing resources, which could decrease our ability to fund future capital expenditure and expansion.

Our projects / capital investments are subject to schedule delays and cost overruns, and we may face material changes in market conditions or other business assumptions, which could render our projects unviable or less profitable than planned

Our capital projects were and are subject to the risk of delays and cost overruns inherent in any project, including as a result of:

● | shortages or unforeseen increases in the cost of equipment, labour and raw materials whether as a result of inflation, global supply chain disruptions following geo-political tensions or otherwise;

● | unforeseen design and engineering problems, contributing to or causing late additions and/or increases to scope;

● | unforeseen construction problems;

● | unforeseen failure of mechanical parts or equipment;

● | unforeseen technical challenges on start-up causing delays in beneficial operations being achieved;

● | inadequate phasing of activities;

● | unforeseen process safety issues;

● | labour disputes;

● | lack of community support;

● | inadequate workforce planning or productivity of workforce;

● | inadequate change management practices;

● | natural disasters and adverse weather conditions, including excessive winds, higher-than-expected rainfall patterns, tornadoes, cyclones and hurricanes or a pandemic;

● | failure, or delay to source equipment or materials by third-party suppliers and /or service providers;

● | significant variations in the assumptions we make in assessing the viability of our projects, including those relating to budget development, capital and operating costs, commodity prices and the prices for our products, exchange rates, import tariffs, interest rates, discount rates (due to changes in country risk premiums) and the demand for our products; and

● | regulatory approvals and compliance obligations, including changes to regulations, such as environmental regulations, and/or identification of changes to project scope necessary to ensure safety, process safety, and environmental compliance.

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For example, development of projects such as the Field Development Plan Amendment (FDP) of the PSA in Mozambique (which allows for flexible production from different reservoirs) involved capital-intensive processes carried out over long durations. Any cost overruns, schedule delays, reservoir performance issues, process safety incidents or adverse changes in assumptions affecting the viability of the project could have had a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows, financial condition and prospects.

In addition, our capital projects are subject to high inflation risk. For the impact of high inflation on costs of operations and the material adverse impact on our financial position, see “Risks related to economic, political or social factors —Economic, political or social factors affecting the regions in which we operate may have a material adverse effect on our operations and profits” and “Risks related to financial matters—Fluctuations in coal, crude oil, natural gas, ethane, chemical and petroleum product prices and refining margins may adversely affect our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition”

​

As our service providers supplying the oil and gas industry in Mozambique are concentrated and the supplier market is not mature, our business could be adversely affected

​

The service provider market supplying the oil and gas industry in Mozambique is not mature and we rely heavily on international contractors to support our projects. With the global oil and gas market booming due to increased activity and global supply chain constraints, supply and demand for services is driving rates up. We depend on those service providers to fulfil their contracts at acceptable rates and should one or more of these contracts be terminated as a result of increased rates, particularly for our well delivery operations, we may be unable to speedily replace these services on terms that are acceptable to us, increasing our costs, disrupting our operations and materially affecting our financial position.

Further, although our procurement policy is to require service providers to acknowledge our requirement that they maintain acceptable corporate values and ethical standards, there is a risk that instances of unethical conduct could occur, and such instances could impact our reputation. In addition, if we identify that a service provider fails to meet these standards, such service provider could be replaced which in turn could cause additional strain on the

supply chain (thereby increasing costs and delivery times) particularly if any of our largest service providers were to be implicated.

Exposure related to significant investments in associates and joint arrangements may adversely affect our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition

We have invested in a number of associates and joint arrangements, and we continue to consider such opportunities where appropriate. The development of these projects may require investments in associates and joint arrangements, some of which are aimed at facilitating entry into countries and/or sharing risk with third parties.

Although the risks are shared, the objectives of our associates and joint arrangement partners, their ability to meet their financial and/or contractual obligations, behavior and compliance with legal and ethical standards may result in disputes and/or litigation which in turn may have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition, and may constrain the achievement of our growth objectives.

We may not pay dividends or make similar payments to shareholders in the future due to various factors

As further described under “Item 8––Financial Information”, the Company’s dividend policy takes into consideration various factors, including overall market and economic conditions, the Sasol group’s financial position, capital investment plans and earnings growth.

Whether funds are available for distribution to shareholders depends on a variety of factors, including the amount of cash available, our capital expenditure and other liquidity requirements existing at the time. Given these factors and our board of directors’ discretion to declare cash dividends or other similar payments, dividends may not be paid in the future.

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Risks related to the safety of our operations

Power and water deficits and poor infrastructure may impact our operations

Our operations are located in multiple regions across the world and are reliant upon the stable supply of electricity, availability of water and access to transportation routes in order to optimally run our operations and/or move our products. The infrastructure in South Africa, such as rail infrastructure, inland water systems, electricity and water supply, may need to be further maintained, upgraded and expanded, and in certain instances, possibly at our own cost. Should we not have access to reliable electricity supply, limited access to water or experience infrastructure challenges or should we not identify and obtain the resources required to establish the infrastructure necessary for the development of our projects, this could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows, financial condition and future growth.

Reliable supply of electricity is important to run our plants optimally. Despite attempts from Eskom to restore the reliability of its ageing coal fleet, incidents of energy production shortfalls are increasing. Unplanned power outages will have a negative impact on our production volumes, cost and profitability. While we have the capacity to generate half of our own electricity requirements at our South African operations, we remain dependent on external electricity supply from Eskom. Electricity supply from Eskom can be further curtailed due to severe weather conditions impacting Eskom's power stations (such as weather conditions disrupting supply of coal to Eskom's power stations) resulting in disruptions to its electricity production. In addition, between 2018 and 2023, Eskom implemented intermittent electricity load curtailment and outages as a result of continued poor generation performance. Under load curtailment, only our operations in Sasolburg (Sasolburg Operations) in South Africa are required to reduce power demand which can result in production losses and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and future growth.

Further, water as a resource is becoming increasingly limited as demand for water increases in catchments within which we operate, specifically in South Africa, exacerbated by the effects of climate change. A significant part of our operations requires the use of large volumes of water. South Africa is generally an arid country with a highly variable climate and prolonged periods of drought, sudden floods, significant changes to current water laws or our related permits/authorisations could increase the cost, management or availability of our water use and supplies or otherwise impact our operations. Water use by our operations varies widely depending largely on feedstock and technology applied. Water to our South African operations is supplied from the Integrated Vaal River System (IVRS), currently making up 81% of Sasol’s total water demand. While the water supply to these operations remains secure, expectations are for a worsening of the water supply imbalance. This may lead to issues of water availability or the imposition of restrictions on its use, specifically during periods of drought. Seasonal changes can result in a deterioration in the quality of water supplied from the IVRS, which can lead to feed water that is highly variable and regularly of poor quality, resulting in increased treatment costs. Although various technological advances may improve the water efficiency of our processes, these are capital intensive. We may also experience limited water availability due to periodic drought events aggravated by delays in completing phase 2 of the Lesotho Highlands Water Project which is currently underway. In addition, deterioration in water quality and other infrastructure challenges related to our South African operations, could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows, financial condition, and future growth.

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Lack of infrastructure reliability and availability could equally impact our operations. The transportation of inbound materials to our plants and of products to our customers is reliant on the region’s available workforce and infrastructure. Numerous factors like natural disasters, labour strikes, political unrest, compromised infrastructure, criminal activity, pandemics or extreme weather events may impact on transportation modes which could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows, financial condition and future growth. For further information on operational interruptions impacting our business or value chains, which may have a material adverse effect on volumes produced and costs, see “—Risks related to the safety of our operations— We may face potential costs in connection with accidents causing property damage, personal injury or environmental contamination, industry and value chain-related operational interruptions”.

Moreover, unplanned rail and port outages in South Africa could cause a negative impact on our sales volumes, cost and profitability while exposing the Company to the risk of increased road transport accidents. While we have some of our own infrastructure employed and other options with some products at our South African operations, we remain dependent on Transnet (for example, for exports from South Africa). Transnet often causes transportation delays impacting our ability to timely export our chemicals products, resulting in financial losses and reputational damage.

We may face potential costs in connection with accidents causing property damage, personal injury or environmental contamination, industry and value chain-related operational interruptions

Operational interruptions impacting our business or value chains may have a material adverse effect on volumes produced and costs. These impacts could be caused by the failure of critical assets, extreme weather events or natural disasters, lack of required feedstock volumes and quality (specifically coal, natural gas, crude oil, petroleum, ethane and ethylene), supply chain disruption (inbound and outbound, including critical input or process materials and reliance on third party infrastructure), utility interruption (including electricity, water, oxygen, steam, hydrogen, nitrogen, and reliance on third party suppliers and infrastructure), cleaning costs in relation to contamination or a breach of our social and licence to operate (including non-compliance with regulatory requirements, licences or permits).

We operate coal mines, explore for and produce gas and operate a number of plants and facilities for the manufacture, storage, processing and transportation of crude oil, chemicals and gas, related raw materials, products and waste materials. These facilities and their respective operations are subject to various risks, such as fires, explosions, loss of containment of hazardous substances, soil and water contamination among others. As a result, we are subject to the risk of experiencing, and in the past have experienced, industry-related incidents. Further, if we fail to provide safe working environments for our employees and the public while at our facilities, premises or adequate product transportation, it could lead to injuries, loss of life and work stoppages halting production. Such incidents may lead to inspections conducted by relevant authorities, with the associated potential consequences of enforcement action, including directions to temporarily cease and desist operations and/or the imposition of fines and penalties and potentially could lead to the denial of our licence to operate. For example, in South Africa, section 54 of the Mine Health and Safety Act, 29 of 1996 (Mine Health and Safety Act) allows an inspector who has reason to believe that any occurrence, practice or condition at a mine endangers or may endanger the health or safety of any person at the mine, to give any instruction necessary to protect the health and safety of such person. Most often these instructions will result in the whole or a part of a mine stoppage resulting in significant production losses. Further, Sasol operates the Pande and Temane gas fields in Mozambique. The production of gas through wells, pipelines and a processing plant is inherently exposed to the risk of integrity failures (including legacy well obligations and historical issues) which may result in a loss of containment and/or a disruption of gas supply to our own and/or customers’ operations which in turn could have a material adverse effect on our revenue, cash flows and costs. This may have a material adverse effect on our business. See “Item 4.B—Business overview— Regulation—Safety, health and environment—Regions in which Sasol operates and their applicable legislation”.

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Our facilities may also be subject to deliberate disruptions

Deliberate disruptions such as acts of terror, may result in damage to our facilities and may require the shutdown of the affected facilities, thereby disrupting production and increasing production costs and may in turn disrupt the mining, gas, chemicals and oil businesses which make up a significant portion of our total income. Furthermore, acts of terror at our operations may cause environmental contamination, personal injuries, health impairment or fatalities which expose Sasol to extensive environmental remediation costs, civil litigation, the imposition of fines and penalties and the need to obtain or implement costly pollution-control technology.

Further, while we actively monitor the gas pipeline from Mozambique as well as the gas pipeline network in the parts of South Africa where our pipe-gas business operates, there is no certainty that there will be no third-party encroachment (whether inadvertent or deliberate) along the gas pipeline and such encroachment may cause significant interruptions to our operations.

Our operations in the Southern Africa region are further susceptible to business interruptions which could result from community protests and social unrest. These have from time to time resulted in violent incidents which remain challenging to manage.

The costs we may incur as a result of the above or related factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition.

Risks related to legal, regulatory and governance matters

Our shareholders might lose confidence in our financial and other public reporting if we experience material weaknesses or significant deficiencies and fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls over financial reporting which in turn may adversely affect our share price

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal controls over financial reporting and for evaluating and reporting on the effectiveness of our system of internal control. We disclosed a material weakness in internal control over financial reporting for the financial year ended 30 June 2023. The material weakness was

identified in 2020 and relates to the level of precision applied to the impairment assessments performed on the South African integrated value chain cash generating units (CGUs) within one segment of the company and was expanded to all CGUs within the South African integrated value chain. This material weakness is still in the process of being remediated.

We also have identified an increase in deficiencies within our energy business (Energy Business) during the current financial year of which several were rated as significant deficiencies. Although these deficiencies have been considered to not be material, individually or in aggregate our inability to implement remedial measures, could result in future material weaknesses and misstatements.

Even though significant progress on remedial actions has been undertaken on the pre-existing material weakness identified in 2020 and remedial plans have been developed for identified significant deficiencies, we cannot be certain that our internal controls over financial reporting will ensure that we design, implement and maintain adequate controls over our financial processes and reporting in the future.Our failure to implement newly required or improved controls or to adapt our controls, or difficulties encountered in their operation, could prevent us from meeting our financial reporting obligations or result in a restatement of previously disclosed financial statements. These financial reporting obligations include filing our periodic reports with the SEC on a timely basis and maintaining compliance with applicable New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) listing requirements.

In addition, material weaknesses and significant deficiencies, and any resulting restatements, could require additional remedial measures, including additional personnel and system changes which could be costly and time consuming and also could subject us to regulatory scrutiny and to litigation which could have a material adverse effect on our business and our reputation.

Furthermore, if we are unable to maintain an effective system of internal controls over financial reporting or disclosure controls and procedures, investors may lose confidence in the reliability of our financial statements and this may have an adverse impact on investors’ ability to make decisions about their investment.

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Certain factors may result in the recognition of an impairment charge, which could negatively impact our financial condition

An impairment risk arises as a result of one or more uncertainties when preparing the financial statements, such as:

| ● | Macroeconomic assumptions and commodity prices: Sasol's operating results are heavily dependent on commodity prices, such as crude oil, natural gas, and coal. A significant decline in these prices, as well as volatility in exchange rates, inflation, chemical prices and petroleum product prices, above-inflation related price increases in electricity could result in a reduction in the value of Sasol's assets and operations.

| ● | Currency fluctuations: Sasol operates in several countries, and its financial results are impacted by exchange rates. A significant change in exchange rates could lead to an impairment of assets denominated in foreign currencies.

| ● | Environmental and carbon cost regulations: Sasol's operations are subject to environmental regulations in the countries where it operates. Changes in these regulations and a failure to comply with them could lead to fines or other penalties that could negatively impact our license to operate and impact Sasol's financial results. Carbon cost regulations including carbon tax rate, tax free allowances and emissions exceeding the carbon budget requirements could also result in an impairment of our assets.

| ● | Technological advances: Sasol's operations rely on complex technologies, and advances in technology could render its assets obsolete. This could result in a reduction in the value of its assets and operations.

| ● | Economic conditions: Sasol's financial results are impacted by economic conditions in the countries where it operates. A significant economic downturn could result in a reduction in demand for Sasol's products, which could impact its financial results.

| ● | Business strategy: Sasol's business strategy is subject to risks and uncertainties; changes in

|  | the business environment could impact the success of its strategy. If the Company’s strategy is not successful, it could result in an impairment of its assets.

| ● | Political and social factors: Sasol operates in countries where political and social factors could impact its operations. Political instability, civil unrest, or changes in government policies could lead to a reduction in the value of Sasol's assets and operations.

| ● | Operational factors: lack in the productivity of our coal mining activities resulting in additional external coal purchases, the availability of coal reserves, coal quality and cost of mining activities are among the factors that could impact our financial results. Sasol’s production volumes are also impacted by coal quality, and operational stability, as well as the availability of natural gas reserves, cost of producing or sourcing of natural gas or liquified natural gas and fluctuations in regulated gas selling prices, all of which could lead to an impairment of our assets. Increasing operational costs and costs of sustenance capital may impact our financial results and lead to a risk of not meeting the Sasol 2.0 targets.

| ● | Changes in our weighted average cost of capital.

If any of these uncertainties occur, either alone or in combination, management could be required to recognise an impairment, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition and harm our reputation.

Actual or alleged non-compliance with regulatory requirements could result in criminal or civil enforcement and associated sanctions and/or harm our reputation and negatively impact our licence to operate

Non-compliance with laws and regulatory requirements, particularly with anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws, sanction laws, environmental laws, competition or anti-trust laws and data privacy laws have been identified as our top five regulatory risks.

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Anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws

Ethical misconduct and non-compliance with applicable anti-corruption/anti-bribery laws could result in criminal or civil sanctions and could have a material adverse impact on our reputation, operations and licence to operate.

We, like other international petrochemical companies, have a geographically diverse portfolio and conduct operations in some countries which have a perceived high prevalence of corruption. Our operations must comply with applicable anti-bribery laws, such as the US Foreign Corrupt Practices Act as well as similar anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws of South Africa and other applicable jurisdictions. Major investments in countries with high corruption exposure create an elevated risk when dealing with private companies, governments or government-controlled entities. There is also a risk associated with the deployment of Sasol sales agents, consultants, customs clearance agencies and other intermediaries, since we could be held liable for any of their actions (including actions in breach of anti-corruption laws and regulations), even if these third parties act independently. While we have an anti-corruption and anti-bribery compliance and training programme in place (including third-party due diligence process) we cannot assure you that there will be no violation and any such violation could result in substantial criminal or civil sanctions and could damage our reputation.

Sanctions laws

Our international operations require compliance with applicable trade and economic sanctions, or other restrictions imposed by governments, such as the US and United Kingdom, and organisations, such as the United Nations, the EU and its member countries. While we closely monitor developments in these sanction programmes, a violation of any of these sanction regimes could lead to a loss of import or export privileges, penalties against or the prosecution of Sasol and our employees, which could have an adverse effect on our reputation, business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition.

While we have a sanctions compliance programme and sanctions screening systems in place, there can be no assurance that we will comply in the future, particularly as the scope of certain laws may be unclear and subject to frequent amendments or changing interpretations.

Environmental laws and regulations

See “Changes in safety, health, environmental and chemical regulations, other legislation and public opinion may adversely affect our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition”.

Competition laws/Anti-trust laws and Consumer Protection laws

Non-compliance with competition/anti-trust legislation and/or consumer protection laws could expose the Sasol group of companies to administrative penalties, civil claims and damages, including punitive damages by companies and/or consumers who can prove they were harmed by the breach of competition/anti-trust legislation and/or consumer protection laws. Such penalties and damages could be significant and have an adverse impact on Sasol’s business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition. In addition, Sasol’s reputation could be damaged by findings of such contraventions and individuals could be subject to fines and/or imprisonment in countries where competition/anti-trust/consumer protection law violations are a criminal offence.

While it is our policy to comply with all applicable laws and have in place training and compliance programmes, we could inadvertently contravene competition/anti-trust laws and/or consumer protection laws and be subject to the imposition of fines, criminal sanctions and/or civil claims and damages which may have a material adverse impact on our reputation, business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition.

Data privacy laws and regulations

We operate in countries that have data protection laws and regulations. It is our policy to comply with all applicable laws, and we implement numerous training, awareness and data privacy compliance programmes. However, non-compliance with data protection laws could result in fines and/or civil claims and damages. Further, uncoordinated or divergent global legislative standards and regulatory frameworks for digitalisation could heighten this risk, which could have a material adverse impact on our reputation and a consequential financial impact. See “—Risks related to information management-We may face the risk of data privacy breaches or attempts to disrupt critical information technology services, which may adversely impact our operations”.

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South African exchange control and other regulations

South African law provides for exchange control regulations which apply to transactions involving South African residents, including both natural persons and legal entities. These regulations may restrict the export of capital from South Africa, including foreign investments and may require us to obtain regulatory approval from the SARB for certain of our international debt financing. The regulations may also affect our ability to borrow funds from non-South African sources for use in South Africa, including the repayment of these borrowings from South Africa and, in some cases, our ability to guarantee the obligations of our subsidiaries with regard to these funds. These restrictions and inability to obtain SARB approval where required, may affect the manner in which we finance our transactions outside South Africa and the geographic distribution of our debt which could also impact our financial and strategic flexibility.

Tax laws and regulations

We operate in multiple tax jurisdictions globally and are subject to both local and international tax laws and regulations. Although we aim to fully comply with tax laws in all the countries in which we operate, tax is a highly complex area leading to the risk of unexpected tax uncertainties. Tax laws or dispensations, including incentive programmes are changing regularly, and their interpretation may potentially result in ambiguities and uncertainties, in particular in the areas of international taxation and transfer pricing.

Where the tax law is not clear, we interpret our tax obligations in a responsible way, with the support of legal and tax advisors as deemed appropriate. Tax authorities and courts may arrive at different interpretations to those taken by Sasol, which may lead to substantial increases in tax payments. Although we believe we have adequate systems, processes and people in place to assist us with complying with all applicable tax laws and regulations, the outcomes of certain tax disputes and assessments may have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows and financial position.

We could also be exposed to significant fines and penalties and to enforcement measures, including, but not limited to, tax assessments, despite our best efforts at compliance. In response to tax assessments or similar tax deficiency notices in particular jurisdictions, we may be required to pay the full amount of the tax assessed (including stated penalties and interest charges) or post security for such amounts notwithstanding that we may contest the assessment and related amounts.

For more information regarding pending tax disputes and assessments see “Item 4.B—Business overview—Legal proceedings and other contingencies”.

Ownership rights

In Africa, ownership of rights in respect of land and resources is uncertain creating the risk that disputes in relation to ownership or other community matters may arise. The impact of these policy intentions and related disputes are not always predictable and may cause disruption to our operations or development plans.

Legal and regulatory uncertainties

Inconsistency of regulations particularly between developed and developing countries increases legal and regulatory uncertainty, which may affect both our decision to pursue opportunities in certain countries and also our cost of operations.

Further, legal and regulatory uncertainties could result from changes in regulatory and legal policies of governments. See “—Risks related to economic, political or social factors—Economic, political or social factors affecting the regions in which we operate may have a material adverse effect on our operations and profits––Political and social uncertainty”.

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South African legislation relating to mining, petroleum and energy activities may have an adverse effect on our mineral rights and impact our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition

Mining legislation

Certain pieces of South African mining legislation are currently under review and subject to repeal and replacement. For example, once promulgated, the draft Upstream Petroleum Resources Development Bill (UPRDB) currently before parliament will repeal and replace certain mineral and mining related matters currently governed by the Mineral and Petroleum Resource Development Act 28 of 2002 (MPRDA). Such changes, depending on their nature, may impact our operations and compliance costs.

Another example is the 2018 Mining Charter which contains more stringent compliance criteria than the previous Mining Charter, especially in respect of applications for new mining rights and the requirements in respect of the procurement of mining goods. These may have a material adverse effect on Sasol Mining (Pty) Ltd (Sasol Mining). The potential impact on Sasol Mining may be two-fold: higher cost of production and the risk of being in non-compliance with the requirements of the 2018 Mining Charter.

The effect on our mining and petroleum rights of possible future amendments to the MPRDA, associated regulations to be promulgated, the Financial Provisioning Regulations and the 2018 Mining Charter may have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition. See “Item 4.B—Business overview—Regulation—Empowerment of historically disadvantaged South Africans—The Mining Charter”.

Legislation in relation to petroleum and energy activities

Legislation in South Africa in relation to petroleum and energy activities, such as the Petroleum Products Amendment Act 2 of 2005 (Petroleum Products Act), entitles the minister and government to regulate the prices, specifications and stock holding of petroleum products. Such price regulation and maximum price imposition may have a material adverse effect on our revenue and competitiveness, operating results and cash flows particularly as compared to other suppliers of products such as ours in other jurisdictions with no such price regulations. The Petroleum Products Act also regulates the issue of licences for the manufacturing and trading in petroleum products as well as the operation of retail filling stations and provides for the imposing of fines and other punitive measures for failure to comply with the licence conditions and/or the provisions of the Petroleum Products Act.

Further, the Gas Act 48 of 2001 (Gas Act), in addition to allowing NERSA to approve gas transmission tariffs and maximum gas prices, also provides NERSA with the authority to issue licences for the construction and operation of gas pipelines and impose fines and other punitive measures for failure to comply with the licence conditions and/or the provisions of the Gas Act. Any disagreement or dispute we may have with NERSA regarding gas pricing could impact our licences to operate, subject us to fines and result in a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition.

Changes in safety, health, environmental and chemical regulations, other legislation and public opinion may adversely affect our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition

We are subject to a wide range of general and industry-specific environmental, health and safety and other legislation in the jurisdictions in which we operate. See “Item 4.B—Business overview—Regulation—Safety, health and environment—Regions in which Sasol operates and their applicable legislation”.

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Stakeholder challenges in relation to environmental legislation

One of our most material challenges is the ability to anticipate and respond to the rapidly changing legal landscape and associated stakeholder expectations and challenges, in particular relating to environmental legislation in all areas where we operate. Evolving legislation imposing more stringent air quality, climate change, water, waste and chemicals management legal requirements applicable to mature plants, may introduce compliance challenges to our existing plants. These laws and regulations and their enforcement are likely to become more stringent over time in all the jurisdictions in which we operate, although these laws in some jurisdictions are already more established and mature than in others.

In recent years, the environmental legislation in South Africa has resulted in significantly stricter emissions controls for operations such as ours. For instance, by 1 April 2020, our existing plants were required to meet the more stringent standards for air quality emissions applicable to newly commissioned plants. Meeting some of these requirements necessitates the retrofitting of some of our existing plants, and accordingly, we obtained postponement from the National Air Quality Officer of the compliance timeframe until 1 April 2025 to implement abatement projects in accordance with our air quality roadmaps which we are accordingly progressing.

We are however not able to comply with the concentration based emission limit for sulphur dioxide emissions from the boilers at the Steam Plants at the Secunda operations by 1 April 2025. To enable the implementation of a reduction roadmap and lawful continued operations, the Secunda Operations require to be regulated in this regard on an alternative load-based limit. Clause 12A of the Minimum Emission Standards (MES) permits existing plants to be regulated on an alternative emission load, as opposed to the current concentration-based limit (the mass of pollutant per cubic metre of air emitted) specified in the MES. On 11 July 2023, Sasol was informed that the National Air Quality Officer (NAQO) had declined Sasol’s Clause 12A application of June 2022 under Clause 12A of the MES that would allow Sasol to be regulated on an alternative emission load basis for the SO2 emissions from the boilers from 2025 onwards. On 31 July 2023, Sasol appealed the decision to the Minister of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment, as provided for in Section 43(1) of the National Environmental

Management Act. The appeal process allows the Minister to consider the application afresh.

We cannot assure you that that we will be successful in the appeal process and that Sasol will be able to be regulated on an alternative emission load.

Although we continue to assess available legal mechanisms to leverage in case of any potential non-compliance risks that may arise on 1 April 2025, the success of these mechanisms cannot be guaranteed. Any such non-compliance may result in administrative or criminal enforcement action, which may include directions to cease operations, fines and penalties as well as prosecution and sanctions, and could harm our reputation and relationships with stakeholders. In turn, this may have a material adverse impact on our business.

NGOs, activists and other stakeholders increasingly use environmental, health and safety permitting processes, including ours, to challenge a company's practices to promote greater environmental sustainability in both our operations and value chain. We expect this kind of activity to increase over time, which could impede our ability to obtain new or renewed permits or result in more stringent standards imposed in them.

Further, our permits and operational licences require input from stakeholders in certain of the jurisdictions in which we operate and there is an emerging trend by activists to challenge the issuance or renewal of a company’s licences based on climate, health or other impacts associated with the licenced activities. The increased litigation risk for companies exposed to climate change could adversely impact the resilience of Sasol’s operations and our continued licence to operate. See “Item 4.B—Business overview—Regulation” for more detail.

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Compliance costs associated with additional or new regulation

The costs associated with compliance with additional or increased regulation of environmental and climate issues could be significant and could have a material adverse impact on our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition. For further information on the impact of carbon taxes see “—Risks related to our sustainability—Our strategy to respond to climate change, including compliance with evolving regulatory requirements and policy to reduce GHG emissions and to adequately disclose related risks and impacts, may not be successful and could negatively impact our business and growth as well as result in claims against our business. In addition, laws, policies and societal concerns related to climate change could reduce supply/demand for our products, increase our operational costs, reduce our competitiveness, negatively impact our stakeholder relations or adversely affect our licence to operate and our access to capital and financing”.

From our Chemicals Business perspective, our products must be registered in accordance with regulatory requirements for many of the countries in which we operate and sold in line with permit conditions. For example, in the EU, these include filing of Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) registrations for chemicals we produce in or import into Europe. In other regions, such as the US and China or other Asian countries, chemical notifications have to be filed for new chemicals. Many countries are in the process of revising their chemicals regulations based on the EU REACH regulation, including the United Kingdom. All of these changing chemical regulations come with further obligations and requirements with which Sasol will need to comply, resulting in increased compliance costs and in the event of non-compliance the imposition of fines and other enforcement actions which could materially impact our operations.

Further, South Africa is aligning its regulatory systems with international commitments on safe chemicals management including the globally harmonized system (GHS). The Hazardous Chemical Agent Regulations require South African employers to ensure their workplaces comply with more stringent occupational exposure limits (OELs) for identified substances within a specified transition period. Compliance with some OELs will require Sasol’s mature plants to be retrofitted with the necessary abatement equipment that will require significant capital investment and extended lead-time to complete for certain substances at certain plants. Any such non-compliance may result in administrative or criminal enforcement action, which may include directions to suspend operations, fines and penalties as well as prosecution and sanctions, which could harm our reputation and relationships with employees and stakeholders. In turn, this may have a material adverse impact on our business. We have applied to the relevant authorities for extended time frames for implementation. Whilst some extensions have already been granted, other requests for extension are still pending and we cannot assure the outcome of these applications. Further challenges include compliance with the required disclosure for product information deemed as confidential business information and the practical execution of the GHS labelling system to our pipelines.

At Sasol, systems and processes are in place, monitored and improved upon, to ensure our compliance with laws and regulations applicable to Sasol and its obligations up and down the value chain. However, we cannot assure you that we will be in compliance with all laws and regulations at all times. For example, non-compliance with environmental, health or safety laws may occur from system or human errors in monitoring our emissions of hazardous or toxic substances into the environment, such as the use of incorrect methodologies or defective or inappropriate measuring equipment, errors in manually capturing results, or other mistaken or unauthorized acts of our employees or service providers.

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Public opinion of public health and safety

There is growing public opinion and awareness of public health and safety associated with the manufacturing and use of chemicals and industries reliant on fossil fuels. This related social opposition, which is further heightened through the increased use of social media, other user generated content and online press. As a result, given the nature of our operations, we may be subject to increased scrutiny, and consequently liabilities, due to our use or exposure to these materials and related emissions.

Any such changes in the above safety, health, environmental and chemical regulations, other legislation and public opinion may adversely affect our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition.

We are subject to risks associated with litigation and regulatory proceedings

As with most large corporations, we are involved from time to time as a party to various lawsuits, arbitrations, regulatory proceedings, investigations or other disputes. Litigation, arbitration and other such legal proceedings or investigations involve inherent uncertainties and, as a result, we face risks associated with adverse judgments or outcomes in these matters. Even in cases where we may ultimately prevail on the merits of any dispute, we may face significant costs of defending our rights, lose certain rights or benefits during the pendency of any proceeding or suffer reputational damage as a result of our involvement. We are currently engaged in a number of legal and regulatory proceedings and arbitrations in various jurisdictions. These include the litigation relating to the Sasol Khanyisa B-BBEE transaction described under “—Economic, political or social factors affecting the regions in which we operate may have a material adverse effect on our operations and profits—Transformation and local content”, the Sasol Financing International Plc (SFI) tax proceedings described under and the Industrial Gas Users Association and the Southern Africa Review Application of the 2021 NERSA Maximum Gas Price decision, together with other litigation matters, described under “Item 4.B—Business overview—Legal proceedings and other contingencies”.

We could also face potential litigation or governmental investigations or regulatory proceedings in connection with the material weakness we identified in 2020 in our internal controls over financial reporting - see “Our shareholders might lose confidence in our financial and other public reporting if we experience material weaknesses or significant deficiencies and fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls over financial reporting which in turn may adversely affect our share price”.

In addition, from time to time we may settle certain proceedings as was the case with regards to the securities class action filed on 5 February 2020 on behalf of US ADR owner Chad Lindsey Moshell and other US ADR holders who purchased Sasol securities from 10 March 2015 to 13 January 2020. This matter was filed in the United States District Court, Southern District of New York against Sasol Limited and five of its current and former executive directors. The complaint alleged violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act) and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder. Sasol and plaintiffs agreed to a mediation in this matter which was conducted on 16th and 17th February 2022. The parties were able to reach a settlement which was approved by the court on 18 August 2022, bringing the matter to a close.

There can be no assurance as to the outcome of any litigation, arbitration or other legal proceeding or investigation, and an adverse determination of material litigation could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition.

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Intellectual property risks may adversely affect our freedom to operate our processes and sell our products and may dilute our competitive advantage

Our various products and processes, including most notably our specialty chemical and energy products and processes, have unique characteristics and chemical structures and, as a result, are subject to confidentiality and/or patent protection, the extent of which varies from country to country. Rapid changes in our technology commercialisation strategy may result in a misalignment between those countries where we apply our intellectual property protection filing strategy and the countries in which we operate. The disclosure of our confidential information and/or the expiry of a patent may result in increased competition in the market in relation to the relevant products and/or processes. In addition, aggressive patenting by our competitors, particularly in countries like the US, China, Japan and in Europe may result in an increased patent infringement risk and may constrain our ability to operate in our preferred markets.

A significant percentage of our products can be regarded as commodity chemicals. Some of our chemical products have unique characteristics and chemical structures which make the products more suitable for applications different from those of typical commodity products. These products are normally utilized by ourselves or our customers, such as feedstock to manufacture specialty chemicals. We have noticed a worldwide trend of increased filing of patents relating to the composition of product formulations and the applications thereof. These patents may create pressure on both Sasol and those of our customers who market these product formulations which may adversely affect our sales to these customers. These patents may also increase our risk of exposure to claims arising from limited indemnities provided to our customers of these products in case there is a patent infringement which may impact the use of the product by our customers. Patent-related pressures may adversely affect our business, market reputation, operating results, cash flows and financial condition.

We believe that our proprietary technology, know-how, confidential information and trade secrets provide us with a competitive advantage. A possible loss of experienced personnel to competitors, and a possible transfer of know-how and trade secrets associated therewith, including the patenting by our competitors of technology built on our know-how obtained through former employees, may negatively impact this advantage.

Similarly, operating and licensing technology in countries in which intellectual property laws are not well established and enforced may result in an inability to effectively enforce our intellectual property rights. The risk of some transfer of our know-how and trade secrets to our competitors is increased by the growth in the number of licences granted for our intellectual property, as well as the increase in the number of licenced plants which are brought into operation through entities which we do not control. As intellectual property warranties and indemnities are provided under each new licence granted, the cumulative risk increases accordingly. These risks may adversely affect our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition.

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Risks related to our sustainability

Our strategy to respond to climate change, including compliance with evolving regulatory requirements and policy to reduce GHG emissions and to adequately disclose related risks and impacts, may not be successful and could negatively impact our business and growth as well as result in claims against our business. In addition, laws, policies and societal concerns related to climate change could reduce supply/demand for our products, increase our operational costs, reduce our competitiveness, negatively impact our stakeholder relations, or adversely affect our licence to operate and impede our access to capital and financing

Transitional risk

Key manufacturing processes in South Africa, especially coal gasification and combustion, result in GHG emissions. Sasol’s ability to develop and implement appropriate climate change mitigation responses and provide sustainable product and feedstock solutions is a significant transitional risk for our business, most notably in South Africa. This is heightened by the necessity to appropriately address increasing societal pressures to shift away from carbon-intensive processes and products in a just manner, as well as to meet new and anticipated policy and regulatory requirements, including carbon tax, carbon budgets, legislated GHG reduction targets and enhanced disclosure requirements. In addition, meeting Sasol’s committed GHG reduction targets has inherent transitional risks related to, among others, technology availability and cost. It is particularly challenging in South Africa, where access to low-carbon energies is limited and related infrastructure is under-developed. Further, other companies with a proven track record of implementing appropriate climate change mitigation responses and providing more sustainable solutions, which enhance their ability to be granted new operational licences, are likely to achieve higher growth and profitability thus impacting our overall competitive position.

As part of the transition and shift away from carbon-intensive processes, there could be certain closure of mines in the future (particularly in the long term) which could result in rehabilitation and reclamation costs, including redeployment and re-training of employees. Further, cost estimates of such closure of operations may be based on inaccurate assumptions which could adversely affect our operations.

Access to low- carbon opportunities

Delivery of our decarbonisation strategy depends partly on our ability to progress access to low carbon resources such as gas. Our ability to progress access to upstream resources and develop technologies at a level in line with our strategic outlook for hydrocarbon production could impact our future production and financial performance. Furthermore, our ability to access low-carbon opportunities and the commercial terms associated with these opportunities could impact our financial performance and the pace of our transition. In addition, failure to access low-carbon resources and exploit low carbon opportunities at the required speed may lead to loss of customers.

Carbon tax and carbon budgets

A carbon tax was implemented in South Africa on 1 June 2019 and the rates were significantly higher in 2023, increasing from R120/tCO2e in 2019 to R159/tCO2e in 2023. This has increased the operational costs of our South African operations from 1 June 2019 up to date and will continue to increase up to December 31, 2023. In addition, a significant increase in the carbon tax rate by at least US$1/tCO2e each year to 2026 reaching R308 by 2026 and R462 by 2030 has been imposed. In the second phase, the carbon tax is likely to be integrated with a carbon budget. The tax is applicable to an entity’s scope 1 emissions for each calendar year with several allowances providing for a reduction in an entity’s carbon tax liability. Even though the allowances applicable to carbon tax, which could reduce the impact of the carbon tax, have been retained, the South African National Treasury has indicated that the allowance design might be amended. This potential change raises further concerns around the carbon tax implications for our business into the future.

Sasol's net carbon tax payment for 2023 on calendar year 2022's GHG emissions, after offsets and electricity levies, was R1 138 million. The extent of the cost increases resulting from the carbon tax is significant and it is expected that the tax rate will continue to increase beyond 2030.

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The South African government is also developing carbon budgets in parallel within the remit of the Climate Change Bill. Pending the finalisation of the Climate Change Bill and enactment thereof, uncertainty remains regarding the imposition of an additional material cost or penalty in the form of a super tax or criminal penalties for exceeding the allocated carbon budgets in the mandatory phase, in addition to standalone carbon tax. Further, the risk of escalating standalone carbon prices and mandatory carbon budgets will be exacerbated should our fiscal instruments lack effective alignment with mitigation being available in this timeframe.

Risks associated with assumptions used to test resilience to climate change

We use downscaled modelling to improve our understanding of the physical impacts on prioritised operational sites (Secunda, Sasolburg, Vilancoulos in Mozambique and Lake Charles in the US), using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change high emission scenarios (referred to as “Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP)) 8.5) and an intermediate emission scenario (RCP 4.5). Although modeling simulations span multiple decades, they focus on specific indicators such as temperature increases/decreases, changes in rainfall patterns and increased propensity for cyclones/hurricanes and may therefore not identify all potential risks or all potential impacts to these sites.

Further, there are risks associated with the accuracy, completeness and correctness of various assumptions that are used as inputs, including scenarios developed to test resilience to climate change as set out below. In addition, the estimates of required or available capital and other assumptions underpinning necessary investments to make our business sustainable for the long term could prove to be incorrect and lead to delays, cost overruns or the infeasibility of capital expenditure projects. Should all or some of these assumptions prove to be inaccurate or incomplete, our resilience and long-term sustainability may be significantly impacted.

Risks associated with achieving the 2030 GHG reduction target and 2050 net zero ambition.

South Africa’s finalised Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), targeting an emission range of between 350 - 420 Mt CO2e by 2030, was submitted by the South African government to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate

Change as part of South Africa’s obligations under the Paris Agreement for the 26th Conference of the Parties. NDC refers to South Africa’s climate change action plan to cut GHG emissions and adapt to climate change. Sasol is targeting a 30% scope 1 and 2 GHG emission reduction by 2030, off a 2017 baseline which, if met together with reductions in other targeted sectors, will assist South Africa to meet its emission reduction range by 2030. Scope 2 GHG emissions are broadly defined as emissions attributable to Sasol's use of purchased energy to conduct its operations. In addition, we set a 20% emission reduction target by 2030 for our scope 3 Category 11 emission (Use of Sold Energy Products). We have also set a net zero ambition by 2050 for our scope 3 category 11 emissions and our scope 1 and 2 emissions. Category 11 accounts for approximately 80% of Sasol’s total scope 3 emissions. The primary risks associated with achieving the 2030 GHG reduction targets and 2050 ambition are the unavailability and unaffordability of gas as feedstock, the potential prohibitive costs of green hydrogen and electrolysers, the lack of enabling policy and legal frameworks, global supply chain challenges in the renewable energy sector and the ability to access markets in the jurisdictions within which we operate and trade to enable the transition. The carbon border adjustment mechanism proposed by the European Union (EU), effective from 1 October 2023 will place an additional burden on imported products (excluding chemical imports at this stage) from emerging economies like South Africa, where carbon pricing is lower than in the EU, and where Sasol’s largest emissions emanate from. In this regard, we can provide no assurances that Sasol’s plans to reduce GHG pursuant to our roadmaps or otherwise will be successful.

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Potential physical impacts of climate change

Further, climate change poses a significant risk for both our South African and global business as it relates to potential physical impacts, including change in weather patterns, water scarcity and extreme weather events, such as cyclones/hurricanes, tornadoes, flooding and sea level rise which can materially impact our costs of operation and growth and cause production outages. For our sites prioritised for reduction (Secunda, Sasolburg, Mozambique and Lake Charles) downscaled modelling indicated that surface temperatures could increase by 1 – 4°C by 2050, with an increasing number of extreme hot days. Projected rainfall patterns differ between the sites. For example, for Sasol’s operations in Mozambique, rainfall is projected to increase, while for sites in South Africa, no change in average rainfall is projected, but rather an increase in the intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall events. For Sasol Chemicals in the United States, a similar rainfall trend to South Africa is likely to be experienced. In Mozambique and the United States, cyclones and hurricanes are expected to become more intense.

Climate change related laws and regulations

In addition, climate change-related laws and regulations may threaten our licences to operate (or ability to obtain new licences to operate), result in stranded production and substantially increase the cost of doing business, including the imposition of higher carbon taxes. Enhanced focus on issues concerning the environment, human rights, environmental justice and climate change is resulting in a more complex regulatory environment, and additional legal risks or similar taxes. For example, our intention to replace coal with natural gas, sustainable biomass, and green hydrogen as sustainable feedstocks for our operations in Secunda is likely to increase the cost of production and reduce our profitability significantly.

Current information indicates that imported liquified natural gas and other gas sources, biomass and green hydrogen are more costly feedstocks than coal for our operations in Secunda. In transitioning to these lower or low GHG intensive feedstocks, we anticipate an impact on the margin of some of our products. These climate change-related requirements could have a material adverse effect particularly on our South African business, operating results, cash flows, financial condition and future growth.

Risks relating to increasing disclosure requirements and scrutiny

Businesses like ours face increasing requirements for public disclosure on climate change risks and impacts associated with their operations. Examples include potential significant changes by the SEC which has proposed rules relating to disclosure by US registered companies of certain risks and impacts. The EU has also adopted the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive which imposes requirements for a broader set of companies on disclosure of company social and environmental data and associated impacts on such companies.

Further, environmental and other non-governmental organisations (NGOs) as well as regulators increasingly scrutinize past and current corporate reporting on climate change risks and impacts. We may face regulatory or other claims that we have not sufficiently complied with disclosure requirements or otherwise adequately disclosed climate change risks and impacts, which may affect our ability to maintain current licences or obtain new licences to operate.

In addition, while a significantly lower risk compared to South Africa, global carbon prices and taxes are escalating, which poses a risk for our operations in the EU and potentially the US, should carbon prices rise further, or be implemented.

Stakeholder activism and risk on maintenance of permits and operational licences

Our GHG emissions and the use of coal as a key feedstock could also negatively impact our potential base of shareholders and relationship with stakeholders as well as our ability to source financing in capital and/or financial markets and/or increase our cost of capital.

See “—Risks related to legal, regulatory, and governance matters—Changes in safety, health, environmental and chemical regulations, other legislation and public opinion may adversely affect our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition—Stakeholder challenges in relation to environmental legislation”

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Risks related to health including pandemics

Our global operations expose us to pandemics, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, that may adversely affect our workforce and impact business continuity, operating results, cash flows and financial condition

Sasol’s global workforce, including service providers, suppliers and customers, are exposed to pandemics, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, which can impact their wellbeing, safety and health with an associated direct or indirect effect on the safety and continuity of our operations. Pandemics and the period of recovery from such events may impact demand for our products and may continue to have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition.

Another key challenge is the impact of pandemics on the commodity markets, including among others, the demand for our products and ability to obtain raw materials, which is not under our control. As we cannot predict the spread of such viruses and the impact on the economy in the countries in which we operate, pandemics may continue to have a negative impact on our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition.

Risks related to information management

We may face the risk of data privacy breaches or attempts to disrupt critical information technology services, which may adversely impact our operations

The increasing use of information technology to enable business processes, in particular digital processes in operations, is making all industries, including the energy and chemicals industries, much more susceptible to cyber threats and data privacy breaches. As digitisation expands to include our financial, commercial, transacting and production systems, the cyber security risk increases. While Sasol has an information security programme in place, cyber security threats we face consistently evolve and emerge to expose the organisation, both in business and operations systems, to significant external threats. In addition, we outsource several information technologies functions and applications to third-party vendors. Such engagements may have an impact on our cybersecurity position, such as in the event where a third- party vendor's system is cyber-attacked which in turn could result in loss of certain of our data.

While no material losses related to the increased attempts on our information security systems have been discovered, given the increasing sophistication and evolving nature of this threat, the possibility of successful breaches occurring in the future cannot be ruled out. An extended failure of critical system components, caused by accidental actions, such as failed hardware or failed network infrastructure, or malicious actions, including those resulting from a cyber-security attack, could result in a significant environmental incident, commercial loss or interruption to operations. We may also incur significant costs, including but not limited to, protecting against or repairing damage caused by any successful disruptions or security breaches in the future, such as rebuilding internal systems, implementing additional threat protection measures, defending against litigation, responding to regulatory inquiries or taking remedial steps with respect to third parties, among others.

If there is a violation of data privacy information, or a cyber threat, we could experience disruptions to critical services or may be vulnerable to cyber and ransomware attacks. This could result in financial loss, and have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows, financial condition and our disclosure of control processes.

Risks related to our people

Challenges remain around our ability to attract and retain critical skills to fill vacant positions to support current and future business requirements.

It may take time to fill vacant positions in growth areas due to typical slow hiring processes in the energy and upstream sector and due to top candidates in the oil and gas field not being available freely.

In order for Sasol to deliver on its strategic objectives, sustainably grow into the future, and effectively operate and continuously improve existing and future assets and technologies, we are highly dependent on our human capital.

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While Sasol overall maintains a focus on attracting, developing and retaining diverse, skilled and experienced employees (including critical or scarce skills like qualified scientists, engineers, project execution managers, artisans and operators and experienced employees in business and functional roles including specialists required for our green economy and just transition strategies), slow hiring times and a general scarcity of specialist skills may influence our ability to find the most skilled resources.

There is constant competition across global labor markets for these critical or scarce skills. The quality and availability of skills in certain labour markets may also be impacted by the challenges within the education and training systems.

While we prioritise employee development and upskilling, it may take time to develop the required depth of skills and experience of employees to support our transition imperatives.

Risks related to our American Depositary Receipts

The exercise of voting rights by holders of ADRs is limited in some circumstances

Holders of ADRs may exercise voting rights with respect to the ordinary shares underlying their ADSs only in accordance with the provisions of our deposit agreement with J.P. Morgan Chase Bank N.A., as the depositary (the Deposit Agreement and the Depositary respectively). For example, ADR holders will not receive notice of a meeting directly from us. Rather, we will provide notice of a shareholders’ meeting to J.P. Morgan in accordance with the Deposit Agreement. J.P. Morgan has undertaken in turn, as soon as practicable after receipt of our notice, to mail voting materials to holders of ADRs. These voting materials include information on the matters to be voted on as contained in our notice of the shareholders meeting and a statement that the holders of ADRs on a specified date will be entitled, subject to any applicable provision of the laws of South Africa and our Memorandum of Incorporation, to instruct J.P. Morgan as to the exercise of the voting rights pertaining to the shares underlying their respective ADSs.

Upon the written instruction of an ADR holder, J.P. Morgan will endeavour, in so far as practicable, to vote or cause to be voted the shares underlying the ADSs in accordance with the instructions received. If instructions from an ADR holder are not received by J.P. Morgan by the date

specified in the voting materials, J.P. Morgan will not request a proxy on behalf of such holder. J.P. Morgan will not vote or attempt to exercise the right to vote other than in accordance with the instructions received from ADR holders.

We cannot assure you that you will receive the voting materials in time to ensure that you can instruct J.P. Morgan to vote the shares underlying your ADSs. In addition, J.P. Morgan and its agents are not responsible for failing to carry out voting instructions or for the manner of carrying out voting instructions. This means that you may not be able to exercise your right to vote and there may be no recourse if your voting rights are not exercised as you directed.

Holders of Sasol’s ordinary shares or ADSs may be subject to dilution as a result of any non-pre-emptive share issuance, and shareholders outside South Africa or ADS holders may not be able to participate in future offerings of securities (including Sasol’s ordinary shares) carried out by or on behalf of Sasol

Future share issuances by Sasol, with or without subscription rights, could (depending on how the share issuance is structured) dilute the interests of existing shareholders or require them to invest further funds to avoid such dilution.

In the case of an equity offering with subscription rights, holders of Sasol’s shares in certain jurisdictions may not be entitled to exercise such rights unless the rights and the related shares are registered or qualified for sale under the relevant legislation or regulatory framework. In particular, holders of Sasol’s securities who are located in the United States (including those who hold ordinary shares or ADSs) may not be able to participate in securities offerings by or on behalf of Sasol unless such equity offerings are registered under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933 (the Securities Act) or exempted from registration under the Securities Act. Holders of these shares in these jurisdictions may therefore suffer dilution should they not be permitted to, or otherwise choose not to, participate in future equity offerings with subscription rights.

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Sales of a large amount of Sasol’s ordinary shares and ADSs could adversely affect the prevailing market price of the securities

Historically, trading volumes and the liquidity of shares listed on the JSE have been low in comparison with other major markets. The ability of a holder to sell a substantial number of Sasol’s ordinary shares on the JSE in a timely manner, especially in a large block trade, may be restricted by this limited liquidity. The sales of ordinary shares or ADSs, if substantial, or the perception that these sales may occur and be substantial, could exert downward pressure on the prevailing market prices for Sasol ordinary shares or ADSs, causing their market prices to decline.

US securities laws do not require Sasol to disclose as much information to investors as a US issuer is required to disclose, and investors may receive less information about the Company than they might otherwise receive from a comparable US company.

Sasol is subject to the periodic reporting requirements of the SEC and the NYSE that apply to “foreign private issuers”. The periodic disclosure required of foreign private issuers under applicable rules is more limited than the periodic disclosure required of US issuers. Accordingly, there may be less publicly available information concerning Sasol than there is for US public companies. For example, Sasol is not required to file current reports, periodic reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as US companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act. As a result, investors will also receive less timely financial reports than they otherwise might receive from a comparable US company or from certain of the company’s peers in the industry. This may have an adverse impact on investors’ ability to make decisions about their investment in Sasol

ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

4.A History and development of the Company

Sasol Limited, the ultimate holding company of our group, is a public company. It was incorporated under the laws of South Africa in 1979 and has been listed on the JSE since October 1979. Our registered office and corporate headquarters are at Sasol Place, 50 Katherine Street, Sandton, 2196, South Africa, and our telephone number is +27 10 344 5000. Our agent for service of process in the US is Puglisi & Associates,

850 Library Avenue, Suite 204, Newark, Delaware 19711.

The SEC maintains an internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding Sasol that we file electronically with the SEC. To find the required information please visit www.sec.gov. For further information please visit www.sasol.com. This website is not incorporated by reference in this annual report.

For a description of the company’s principal capital expenditures and divestitures refer to “Item 5.B—Liquidity and capital resources”.

4.B Business overview

Sasol is a global chemicals and energy company. We harness our knowledge and expertise to integrate sophisticated technologies and processes into world-scale operating facilities. We endeavour to safely and sustainably source, produce and market a range of high-quality products in 22 countries, creating value for stakeholders. Our purpose “Innovating for a better world” compels us to deliver on triple bottom line outcomes of People, Planet and Profit, responsibly and always with the intent to be a force for good.

For details regarding the following sections, refer as indicated.

| ● | for information regarding our business overview, refer to “Integrated Report— Our distinctive value chains”” as contained in Exhibit 99.4;

| ● | for information regarding our strategy, refer to “Integrated Report— Our strategic direction” as contained in Exhibit 99.5;

| ● | for a description of the Company’s operations and principal activities refer to “Integrated Report— Our distinctive value chains” as contained in Exhibit 99.4; “Integrated Report—Performance overview” as contained in Exhibit 99.6; and Item 18—“Financial Statements—Segment information”; and

| ● | for a description of our principal markets, refer to Item 18—“Financial Statements—Geographic segment information”, which provides information regarding the geographic location of the principal

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|  | markets in which we generate our turnover, as well as of our asset base.

Seasonality

Sales volumes of our products are generally not subject to seasonal fluctuations but tend to follow broader global industry trends and are therefore impacted by macro-economic factors. Sasol operates globally and in many diverse markets, and accordingly, no element of seasonality is likely to be material to the results of Sasol as a whole. For further information regarding cyclicality, prices and demand, refer to “Item 3.D—Risk factors”.

Raw materials

In the Southern Africa value chain, the main feedstock components for the production of fuels and chemical products are coal mined and procured from external sources, our Mining segment, natural gas obtained from and procured externally by our Gas segment and crude oil purchased from external suppliers.

In our Chemicals Business, outside of Southern Africa, the main feedstocks used are kerosene, benzene, ethane, ethylene, oleochemicals and aluminium. Feedstocks are purchased externally, with the exception of a portion of ethylene which is produced at our Lake Charles facility and the Fischer-Tropsch-based feedstock used for our South African polymer, solvents, alcohol, wax, ammonia, phenolics, and co-monomer production. The pricing of most of these raw materials follow global market dynamics which relate to crude oil and energy prices.

Marketing channels and principal markets

In our Mining and Gas segments, we make use of direct sales models, long-term marketing gas sales agreements and short-term crude oil purchase agreements. Piped gas is sold to wholesalers and end-users in South Africa.

In our Fuels segment, marketing channels can be divided into the following main areas:

| ● | liquid fuel sales to licensed wholesalers;

| ● | liquid fuels sales to retailers and end-users; and

| ● | liquid fuels overland exports into other parts of Southern Africa.

In our Chemicals Business, our products are sold to customers worldwide with a significant part under annual and multi-year contracts. Marketing channels can be divided into the following main areas per segment:

| ● | In our Chemicals Africa, segment (Chemicals Africa), our business division, Advanced Materials consist of cobalt catalyst and carbon sold largely to international markets. Base Chemicals produces polymers, fertilisers and explosives, phenolics, methanol and some other products which are sold mainly to customers in South Africa with the exception of polypropylene and phenolics which are mainly exported. Explosives intermediates are sold to our partner Enaex Africa (Pty) Ltd (Enaex) which converts these to final products for supply to the Sub-Saharan Africa mining industry. Essential Care exports the South African-produced C6+ alcohols to international markets for external sales or internal use in surfactant facilities across the globe. Performance Solutions’ products included Fischer Tropsch-based and wax, solvents, comonomers and safol which are substantially exported to international markets for external sales.

| ● | In our Chemicals America segment (Chemicals America), Advanced Materials consists of alumina sold largely within North America with some exports to Europe and Asia. For Base Chemicals, polyethylene is produced and marketed on behalf of Sasol by Equistar Chemicals LP an affiliate of our joint venture partner LyondellBasell. The produced ethylene is either consumed internally for derivatives or sold to external customers in the US merchant market. Mono Ethylene Glycol (MEG) is marketed and distributed on behalf of Sasol by a third party. Phenolics are largely exported to international markets. Essential Care includes surfactants, Ethylene Oxide (EO), C6+ alcohols, Linear Alkyl Benzene (LAB) and paraffins and Performance Solutions includes the sale of comonomers,

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|  | speciality paraffins and speciality alcohols mainly within the Americas region, with some sales to Europe and Asia.

| ● | In Chemicals Eurasia segment (Chemicals Eurasia), Advanced Materials includes sales of alumina mainly within Europe with some sales in other regions including the Americas and Asia. Essential Care consists of surfactants, EO, C6+ alcohols, LAB and paraffins sales mainly within Eurasia with some sales in the Americas. Performance Solutions covers the sale and production of speciality alcohols and emulsions. Glycol ethers from Eurasia are largely sold within the region, with some additional global sales.

Factors which the business depends on

Intellectual property

Our proprietary or licensed technologies, our software licences, procedures and protocols support Sasol’s competitive advantage. These consist of:

| ● | our patented technologies;

| ● | skilled, experienced and technically qualified employees, industry thought leaders and experts that enable Sasol to respond to the constantly changing environment; and

| ● | our business processes and management systems.

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Intellectual Capital summary |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Total worldwide patents held |  | 2 282 |  | 2 590 |  | 2 300
Investment in research and development |  | R1 516 million |  | R1 280 million |  | R1 249 million

​

The Sasol Slurry Phase DistillateTM (Sasol SPDTM) process—Based on our Technology function’s extensive experience in the commercial application of the Fischer-Tropsch (FT) technology, we have successfully commercialised the FT based Sasol SPDTM process for converting natural gas into high quality,

environment-friendly GTL diesel, GTL kerosene and other liquid hydrocarbons.

The Sasol SPDTM process integrates the following three main technologies, each of which is commercially proven.

| ● | the Haldor Topsøe SynCORTM reforming technology, which converts natural gas and oxygen into syngas;

| ● | our Sasol Low Temperature Fischer-TropschTM (Sasol LTFTTM) technology, which converts syngas into hydrocarbons; and

| ● | the Chevron IsocrackingTM technology, which converts hydrocarbons into particular products, mainly diesel, naphtha and Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG).

Currently we believe, based on our knowledge of the industry and publicly available information, that globally, we have the most extensive experience in the application of FT technology on a commercial scale. The Sasol SPDTM process converts natural gas into diesel and other liquid hydrocarbons, which are generally more environmentally friendly and of higher quality and performance compared to the equivalent crude oil derived products. In view of product specifications gradually becoming more stringent, especially with respect to emissions, we believe that this option is environmentally friendly. The Sasol SPDTM process can further be adopted to produce differentiated value-added products, such as GTL base oils. The superior quality of GTL base oils positions these products firmly as premium components in the formulation of top tier lubricants.

Our Sasol LTFTTM technology can also be integrated into flow schemes utilising green hydrogen and sustainable carbon feedstocks in order to produce green products including sustainable aviation fuel

Key contracts

ORYX GTL, our 49% joint venture in Qatar, purchases natural gas feedstock from Al Khaleej Gas, a joint venture between ExxonMobil Middle East Gas Marketing Limited and Qatar Petroleum, under a gas purchase agreement with a contracted minimum off-take volume. The agreement commenced in November 2005 and is valid for 25 years. The duration of the

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agreement may be extended by the parties on terms and conditions that are mutually agreed.

On 9 July 2021, SSA concluded an agreement to sell its sodium cyanide business to a South African, B-BBEE empowered subsidiary of a Czech Republic-based company specialising in cyanide production. The transaction is expected to close in the second half of calendar 2023 subject to the outcome of the appeal process currently underway following the prohibition of the disposal by the South Africa Competition Commission. The acquirer will take over full operational control of the cyanide business. Key feedstocks, utilities and site services will be supplied by Sasol on an arm’s length basis.

On 1 December 2020, Sasol closed a transaction creating a joint venture with LyondellBasell Offtake, LLC called Louisiana Integrated Polyethylene JV LLC (LIP JV). In this transaction, Sasol transferred certain production units at the Lake Charles Chemicals Project to LIP JV and sold 50% of the shares of LIP JV to LyondellBasell. At the same time, both Sasol and LyondellBasell and certain affiliates entered into a series of related agreements providing various services to each other and to LIP JV, one of which was the marketing agreement with Equistar Chemicals, an indirect subsidiary of LyondellBasell. Equistar will market and sell Sasol’s polyethylene along with LyondellBasell polyethylene manufactured by the LIP JV production units.

Refer to “Item 4.D—Property, plants and equipment—Gas” for details regarding key contracts in Mozambique.

Legal proceedings and other contingencies

From time to time, Sasol companies are involved in litigation, regulatory proceedings, arbitrations, tax disputes and similar proceedings in the normal course of business. Although the outcome of these claims and disputes cannot be predicted with certainty, a detailed assessment is performed on each matter, and a provision is recognised, or contingent liability disclosed, where appropriate as guided by IFRS.

Further, from time to time, communities and NGOs challenge our environmental licences and related applications including regarding concerns with potential health and environmental impacts associated with Sasol’s activities

South African Revenue Services (“SARS”) audit on Sasol Financing International plc

As reported previously, SARS conducted an audit over a number of years on SFI which performs an offshore treasury function for Sasol. The audit culminated in the issuance of revised assessments in respect of the 2002 to 2012 tax years and the dispute relates to the place of effective management of SFI. SFI has co-operated fully with SARS during the course of the audit relating to these assessments. The potential tax exposure is R2,75 billion (including interest and penalties as at 30 June 2023), which is disclosed as a contingent liability.

SFI lodged an objection and appeal in the Tax Court against the revised assessments. SFI and SARS agreed that the appeal and related Tax Court processes will be held in abeyance pending the outcome of the judicial review application noted below.

Sasol has launched two judicial review applications respectively against the SARS decision to register SFI as a South African taxpayer and against certain related elements of the revised assessments over which the Tax Court does not have jurisdiction.The two matters were heard together during November 2022 and on 1 August 2023 the court delivered its decision dismissing of both of the SFI review applications. SFI intends to appeal the matter to the Supreme Court of Appeal. The review applications relate to the challenge by SFI of certain administrative decisions of SARS and the High Court decision does not directly affect the merits of the substantive dispute before the Tax Court, which remains in abeyance while the appeal of the review applications continues.

Clause 12A application

Our emission sources at our operations in South Africa are regulated in accordance with atmospheric emission licenses which are based on the MES published in terms of section 21 of the National Environmental Management: Air Quality Act. On 11 July 2023, Sasol was informed that the NAQO had declined its application of June 2022 in terms of Clause 12A of the MES to be regulated on an alternative emission load basis for the Secunda Operations emissions from the boilers at its Secunda Operations’ steam plants from 1 April 2025 onwards.

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On 31 July 2023, Sasol appealed the decision to the Minister of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment, as provided for in Section 43(1) of the National Environmental Management Act. The appeal process allows the Minister to consider the application afresh. Clause 12A of the MES permits existing plants to be regulated on an alternative emission load, as opposed to the current concentration-based limit (the mass of pollutant per cubic metre of air emitted) specified in the MES.

As part of its Clause 12A application, Sasol has proposed an integrated air quality and GHG reduction solution (“integrated emission reduction solution”) to reduce Secunda Operations and GHG emissions by approximately 30% by 2030. This is contingent on Secunda Operations emissions from the boilers at the steam plants of its Secunda Operations being regulated on an alternative load-based emission limit instead of the concentration limit currently being prescribed in the MES from 1 April 2025 onwards. The integrated emission reduction solution comprises the implementation of multiple projects targeting energy efficiency, reducing coal usage, turning down boilers and integrating 1 200 MW of renewable energy. The assumptions applied in compiling the financial statements, and in particular the testing of the recoverability of the Group's non-financial assets (other than inventories and deferred tax assets), are aligned to the integrated emission reduction solution.

Legal review of NERSA Maximum Gas Price

In 2013, NERSA approved an application from Sasol regarding maximum gas price (MGP) (the 2013 NERSA MGP Decision). In its July 2019 decision, the South African Constitutional Court overturned the 2013 NERSA MGP Decision, ordered NERSA to revise its decision and confirmed that the new MGP)decision by NERSA will apply retrospectively from 26 March 2014. The High Court also overturned a NERSA MGP decision on 3 May 2021.

After the South African Constitutional Court decision, NERSA adopted a new MGP methodology in 2020. Sasol Gas submitted a new maximum gas price application to NERSA in December 2020 and on 6 July 2021 NERSA published its maximum gas price decision (the 2021 NERSA Maximum Gas Price decision), which determined maximum gas prices for Sasol Gas for the period from March 2014 up to 2023.

Because the new maximum gas prices approved by NERSA for this period are lower than the actual prices historically charged to a large number of Sasol Gas’s customers, a retrospective liability of R1,6 billion arose, based on the differences between the newly approved maximum gas prices and actual gas prices charged by Sasol Gas. Sasol Gas resolved these potential claims through settlement agreements with affected customers and as at 30 June 2023 the remaining R93 million of the financial provisions previously recognised by Sasol Gas were reflected in trade payables and accrued expenses.

In December 2021 the Industrial Gas Users Association of Southern Africa launched a legal review application to overturn the NERSA 2021 MGP decision. Both NERSA and Sasol Gas opposed the application. The matter was heard in the High Court at the end of May 2023 and the court decision remains pending. An adverse outcome in this matter may lead to further retrospective liability for Sasol Gas.

Alleged Pricing Conduct Complaints to Competition Commission

During 2022 certain customers of Sasol Gas submitted complaints to the Competition Commission relating to alleged pricing conduct prohibited by the South African Competition Act, 1998 (Act No 89 of 1998). One of the complainants applied for an interdict to restrain Sasol from increasing its gas prices above the ruling maximum price of R68,39/GJ until the conclusion of the investigation of the complaints. In May 2023 an interdict was issued by the Competition Tribunal providing that Sasol Gas can only increase its gas prices after two months’ written notice to the complainant and if the gas price was approved by NERSA.

In September 2022 Sasol Gas launched a legal review application, which clarified the respective jurisdiction of NERSA and the competition authorities insofar as it relates to gas prices that are regulated under the Gas Act. This application is continuing in the Competition Appeal Court (CAC).

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Following the end of the period allowed for the investigation by the Commission and notwithstanding the ongoing litigation in the CAC, the Commission on 10 July 2023 made a referral of the complaints to the Competition Tribunal. The decision in the litigation before the CAC will determine the authority of the Commission regarding the investigation that lead to the referral. An adverse outcome in the review application in the CAC and the referral before the Competition Tribunal may result in possible fines and other sanctions against Sasol Gas. The litigation remains ongoing and the outcome of the legal review application cannot be predicted.

The Gas Amendment Bill was gazetted on 13 April 2021, but has not proceeded through South African Parliament. The ultimate effect of the proposed amendments to the Gas Act on our sales and our financial condition cannot be determined at this time.

Dispute between Sasol Oil, Total and Transnet for tariff applicable to conveyance of crude oil

Sasol Oil (Pty) Ltd (Sasol Oil) and Total South Africa (Pty) Ltd (“Total”) use the crude pipeline owned by Transnet Pipelines a division of Transnet to transport crude oil from Durban to the Natref refinery The tariff for the crude oil conveyance was historically determined through a commercial agreement between the parties, which agreement also included the so-called variation agreement (the Variation Agreement) relating to the inland nature of the Natref refinery. After the petroleum pipeline tariffs started to be determined by NERSA under the Petroleum Pipelines Act, 2003 (Act 60 of 2003) (Petroleum Pipelines Act) a dispute arose between the parties regarding the tariff applicable to the conveyance of crude oil.

In September 2017, Sasol Oil issued summons against Transnet to claim the difference between the tariffs that should have been charged by Transnet under of the Variation Agreement compared to the tariffs that were actually charged by Transnet under the NERSA tariffs. The NERSA tariffs do not distinguish between the tariff for crude oil and the tariff for refined products.

Sasol Oil’s action was combined with a similar action brought earlier by Total. Certain issues in the consolidated matter were previously decided by the High Court in 2015 and the Supreme Court of Appeal in 2016.

The High Court made an order in favour of both Sasol Oil and Total and Transnet took two of the findings in the further High Court decision of October 2020 on appeal to the Constitutional Court.

In June 2022 the Constitutional Court :

| ● | upheld Transnet’s appeal by declaring that the Variation Agreement was terminated validly by Transnet as from 13 September 2020; and

| ● | dismissed Transnet’s application for leave to appeal relating to the cause of action of the claims by Sasol Oil and Total as it did not engage the Court’s jurisdiction. Accordingly, Sasol and Total’s contractual damages claims following Transnet’s breach of the Variation Agreement continue but are now limited to the duration of the Variation Agreement. The High Court litigation regarding the quantum of these claims will proceed as scheduled for trial in October 2023. The revised amount claimed by Sasol Oil up to the date of termination of the Variation Agreement is R 2 billion.

From December 2020, after the High Court judgement in the matter, Sasol Oil and Total made payment for crude oil conveyance at the reduced tariff specified in the Variation Agreement. These payments constituted a shortfall in respect of the tariff invoiced by Transnet. After the Constitutional Court judgement, Transnet issued summons against Sasol Oil claiming repayment of the shortfall. In May 2023, after NERSA approved the pipeline tariff for Transnet for 2023/4, Transnet further insisted that Sasol Oil pay the full NERSA approved tariff, notwithstanding the fact that the NERSA approval does not provide for differentiated tariffs for crude oil and refined products respectively. As from 1 June 2023 Sasol Oil agreed to pay Transnet the full tariff pending the ongoing litigation. The claim by Transnet for the repayment of the shortfall in the tariff paid is scheduled for trial in November 2023. As at 30 June 2023 Sasol Oil accounted for this claim as a trade payable in the amount of R 1 042 million (including interest).

Subsequently, as part of the trial preparation Transnet notified Sasol Oil that it intends to increase the claim amount with approximately R40 million.

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In July 2023 Sasol Oil initiated a legal review application in the High Court to overturn the NERSA approval of the Transnet pipeline tariff for 2023/4 as the decision does not comply with the requirements of the Petroleum Pipelines Act.

Sasol Oil continues to engage with Transnet in an endeavour to resolve the ongoing dispute between the parties through commercial negotiation.

Litigation of Sasol Mining in three litigation matters relating to occupational diseases

A judgement by the South African Constitutional Court in 2011 confirmed the right of employees in the mining industry who contracted certain occupational diseases to claim damages from their employers. Similar cases have also been threatened against participants in the coal sector of the mining industry. As a result Sasol Mining is currently the defendant in three separate litigation matters.

The plaintiffs in the first matter involving 22 individual cases though not a class action, allege that they contracted coal-dust-related lung diseases, while in Sasol Mining’s employment. The plaintiffs allege that they were exposed to harmful quantities of coal dust while working underground for Sasol Mining and that the company failed to comply with various sections of the Mine Health and Safety Act (including and various regulations issued in relation to the Mine Health and Safety Act) and failed to take effective measures to reduce the exposure of mine workers to coal dust. The plaintiffs allege that all of the above increased the risk for workers to contract coal dust related lung diseases.

The plaintiffs seek compensation for damages relating to past and future medical costs and loss of income amounting to R67,7 million in total. Sasol Mining is defending the claims.

As the trial has not yet commenced and a response from the plaintiffs to our request for further particulars is still being awaited, it is not possible at this stage to estimate the likelihood that the plaintiffs will succeed with their claim and if successful, the quantum of damages that the court would award. Therefore, no provision has been raised of 30 June 2023.

The remaining two matters involve single plaintiffs, in which the legal process is ongoing and no trials have commenced.

Dispute between Solidarity and Sasol Khanyisa in relation to Sasol Khanyisa share scheme

Solidarity -one of our recognised trade unions referred a dispute relating to the Sasol Khanyisa share scheme (see Sasol Khanyisa transaction herein below) to the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration (CCMA) on 17 December 2017, alleging that the issuing of benefits to a certain part of the employee base amounted to racism. Sasol denied that the share scheme was incorrectly constituted. Conciliation proceedings commenced on 11 January 2018 and on 5 February 2018, Solidarity demanded a payment to their members (non-qualifying employees for Phase 2 of Khanyisa) equal to “the market value of the Sasol Khanyisa shares which qualifying employees would be entitled to within seven days after such entitlement (2028) or payment to each member of R500 000 by the end of December 2018.”

Solidarity embarked on a “go-slow” strike on 3 September 2018 with the intention to escalate it to a full-blown strike. On 25 October 2018, Solidarity took the dispute to the CCMA which subsequently certified it as unresolved in February 2019. Solidarity filed a statement of claim with the Labour Court in Johannesburg in May 2019 which we replied to in July 2019. Subsequently the Judge President of the Labour Court invited Sasol and three other respondents in three similar cases where Solidarity is the applicant to meet to consolidate the disputes and set a stated case (that is a combined version setting out the dispute). The parties could not agree on such a formulation and the matter became dormant

The Labour Court issued a directive to prepare a pre-trial minute to be filed with the registrar as an alternative to appearing before a judge of the Labour Court on 10 August, 2022. The parties filed the pre-trial minute and are awaiting the allocation of the trial date.

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Criminal proceeding under the National Environmental Management Act 108 of 1998, the National Environmental Management: Waste Act and the National Water Act against Sasol South Africa Limited

Following the conclusion of a criminal investigation initiated in April 2021 and conducted by the Environmental Management Inspectorate, summons instituting criminal proceedings by the National Prosecuting Agency was served on SSA citing the Company as the defendant. The date of the first court appearance was 20 September 2022. Thereafter the matter was postponed at the request of the State a number of times with the last appearance having been on 7 August 2023 on which date the matter was transferred to the Regional Court. The next appearance will be on 20 November 2023 during which appearance the matter may be postponed to a future date for the trail to commence.

There are six counts specified in the charge and these relate to offences that have allegedly been committed by the Company, through its Secunda Operations, under the National Environmental Management Act 108 of 1998 and the National Environmental Management: Waste Act, 59 of 2008 and the National Water Act, 36 of 1998.

Water Tribunal Dispute over water use license for Sasol Mining.

On 20 June 2022, Sasol Mining was notified that an application for renewal of an existing water use licence(WUL) for its Syferfontein Colliery, was declined by the Department of Water and Sanitation (DWS). The licence authorised certain water uses relating to the storage of water, disposing of water which may be detrimental to a water resource and removing, discharging or disposing of water found underground necessary for the efficient operations and safety of people.

Sasol Mining subsequently filed an appeal against the decision with the Water Tribunal. The matter has not yet been heard by the Water Tribunal and no trial date has been allocated yet. In parallel Sasol Mining had various engagements with DWS in an attempt to resolve the matter.

On 28 July 2023 Sasol Mining had a meeting with the Enforcement Unit of the DWS (DWS Enforcement Unit), in which the DWS Enforcement Unit affirmed its mandate to conduct administrative enforcement on matters of non-compliance with

applicable legal requirements, which include the circumstances at the Syferfontein Colliery where water uses are being undertaken without a valid WUL.

During the meeting, the DWS Enforcement Unit also communicated its intention to issue a pre-directive (notice of intention to issue a directive) to Sasol Mining. Sasol Mining will then have the opportunity to make representations which can include details about the history of the matter and Sasol Mining’s proposals on how to meet DWS’s requirements to enable it to issue a WUL to Sasol Mining’s Syferfontein Colliery. If these proposals are accepted, DWS will have the option to issue a compliance notice that may govern the activities, including the ongoing water uses in question, pending the issuing of a WUL. However the risk posed by the proposed pre-directive can only be assessed once it is received.

Competition law compliance

Sasol continuously evaluates its compliance programmes and controls in general, including its competition law compliance programme and controls. As a consequence of these compliance programmes and controls, including monitoring and review activities, Sasol has adopted appropriate remedial and/or mitigating steps, where necessary or advisable, lodged leniency applications, and made, and will continue to make, disclosures on material findings as and when appropriate. These ongoing compliance activities have already revealed, and may still reveal, competition law contraventions or potential contraventions in respect of which we have taken, or will take, appropriate remedial and/or mitigating steps including lodging leniency applications. Sasol may, from time to time, respond to information requests and/or investigations by competition law authorities. We cooperate with all lawful investigations in a transparent and constructive manner.

Environmental obligation

Sasol’s environmental obligation accrued at 30 June 2023 was R17 293 million compared to R17 207 million at 30 June 2022. Due to uncertainties regarding future costs, the potential loss in excess of the amount accrued cannot be reasonably determined.

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Regulation

The South African government has, over the past 26 years, introduced a legislative and policy regime with the imperative of redressing historical social and economic inequalities, as stated in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act, 108 of 1996 (Constitution). This is being done, by way of the empowerment of historically disadvantaged South Africans (HDSAs) in the areas of ownership, management and control, employment equity, skills development, procurement, enterprise development and socio-economic development.

Most of our operations are based in South Africa, but we also operate in numerous other countries throughout the world. In South Africa, we operate coal mines and a number of production plants and facilities for the storage, processing and transportation of raw materials, products and wastes related to coal, oil, chemicals and gas. These facilities and the respective operations are subject to various laws and regulations that may become more stringent and may, in some cases, affect our business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition.

Our business activities in South Africa relating to coal mining, petroleum production, distribution and marketing of fuel products, electricity and gas are subject to regulation by various government departments and independent regulators. Refer to “Item 3.D—Risk factors” for details on particular aspects of regulations affecting our business activities.

Empowerment of historically disadvantaged South Africans

Black Economic Empowerment policies and legislation

B-BBEE Act

Sasol is well aligned with the economic transformation and sustainable development objectives embodied in the South African legislative and regulatory framework governing B-BBEE. The key elements of this framework are the B-BBEE Act and the Codes of Good Practice (the new Codes were gazetted on 11 October 2013 and promulgated on 1 May 2015 and further amended during May 2019) for B-BBEE issued by the Minister of Trade and Industry in terms of the B-BBEE Act (Codes), as well as the Charters (i.e. the Mining Charter) and Liquid Fuels Charter (LFC) adopted by the various sectors within

which Sasol operates businesses and the related scorecards.

Our most recent certification in terms of this legislation, issued in December 2022, for both Sasol Limited and SSA puts us at an improved contributor status of level 3 compared to level 4 for SSA in 2021. This improved contributor level makes Sasol a more attractive supplier of products to our customers in South Africa because the contributor level of their suppliers impacts the B-BBEE contributor status of such customers. Plans are in place to maintain and further improve our B-BBEE status.

Sasol continues to entrench transformation within the organisational culture, enhancing its commitment as a good corporate citizen.

Sasol Khanyisa transaction

In phases from March 2018, Sasol implemented a new B-BBEE ownership transaction (Sasol Khanyisa) which was structured to comply with the revised B-BBEE legislation in South Africa when the Sasol Inzalo transaction came to an end in 2018. By implementing the Sasol Khanyisa transaction, the Company sought to ensure ongoing and sustainable B-BBEE ownership credentials.

The accounting recognition and measurement principles applied to the Sasol Khanyisa transaction are the same as those applied to the Sasol Inzalo transaction, as the substance of both transactions was the same. Based on the underlying assumptions made by Sasol, the total IFRS 2 charge associated with Sasol Khanyisa is R6,5 billion over the life of the transaction, to date R6,1 billion has been recognised. The only unvested portion of the transaction relates to the employee share ownership plan.).

With the implementation of Sasol Khanyisa, approximately 18,4% of SSA is in direct Black ownership, which, together with Black ownership at Sasol group level, translates into at least 25% Black ownership credentials at SSA level (for purposes of measuring Black ownership credentials under the current B-BBEE legislation

Refer to “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 33 Share-based payment reserve” for further information.

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The Mining Charter

The Mining Charter requires mining companies to meet various criteria intended to promote meaningful participation in the industry of HDSAs. These criteria include ownership, inclusive procurement, supplier and enterprise development, human resource development, employment equity and miner community development. The provision in the Mining Charter that provided that a mining right holder who does not comply with the ownership criteria and falls between levels 6 and 8 of the Mining Charter scorecard shall be in breach of the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act, 28 of 2002, has been set aside by the High Court pursuant to a challenge of various aspects of the Mining Charter including aspects relating to ownership.

The UPRDB

The Minister of Mineral Resources and Energy withdrew the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Amendment Bill (MPRDA Bill) from parliament in 2018 with the aim of separating oil and gas matters from those of mining. The draft UPRDB was published in the Government Gazette on 24 December 2019. Sasol submitted comments directly to the DMRE and via the relevant business association (OPASA). Due to the impact of COVID-19, further consultation processes were delayed and the legislative process is ongoing. On 13 May 2021, Cabinet approved the introduction of the UPRDB to parliament. The UPRDB was gazetted and published for public comment on 11 June 2021. Sasol made submissions thereto via OPASA. It is noted that the UPRDB does not specify royalty payments, production bonuses, taxes and the fiscal regime. On 15 December 2021, National Treasury published for industry comment Discussion Document: What is the Most Appropriate Tax Regime for the Oil and Gas Industry (putting forth proposals on the taxation of upstream oil and gas activities). Sasol submitted comments thereto via OPASA. National Treasury held a public consultation on 13 April 2022 to further discuss the oil and gas tax regime. On 17 May 2022, the Portfolio Committee on Minerals and Energy held a briefing on the UPRDB and is currently deliberating; there is a possibility that the UPRDB will be referred for further public consultation

The Liquid Fuels Charter (LFC)

The LFC for the South African Petroleum and Liquid Fuels Industry on Empowering HDSAs in the Petroleum and Liquid Fuels Industry requires liquid fuels companies, including Sasol Oil, to ensure that HDSAs hold at least 25% equity ownership in the South African entity holding their operating assets by the end of a period of 10 years from the date of the signing of the LFC.

In order to meet this equity ownership objective, Sasol Limited entered into a B-BBEE transaction with an HDSA-owned company, Tshwarisano, in terms of which Sasol disposed of 25% of its shareholding in Sasol Oil to Tshwarisano. With effect from 1 July 2006, Sasol Oil met the 25% BEE ownership target, with Tshwarisano holding 25% of the shares in Sasol Oil in line with the Charter.

The DMRE in concurrence with the Department of Trade and Industry initiated a process to establish a Sector Charter (Petroleum and Liquid Fuels Sector Charter) to supersede the LFC in terms of section 12 of the B-BBEE Act. While this process may impact on the B-BBEE obligations of Sasol’s businesses in the South African energy industry, the timing of completion, the outcome and potential effects of this process on Sasol cannot be assessed at this time.

The Restitution of Land Rights Act, 22 of 1994

Our privately held land could be subject to land restitution claims under the Restitution of Land Rights Act, 22 of 1994. Under this Act, any person who was dispossessed of rights to land in South Africa as a result of past racially discriminatory laws or practices is granted certain remedies, including, but not limited to the restoration of the land claimed with or without compensation to the holder.

Mining rights

Sasol Mining is the holder of mining rights granted in accordance with the MPRDA in respect of its operations in the Mpumalanga and Free State provinces in South Africa.

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In respect of the Secunda mining complex in Mpumalanga, Sasol Mining holds three mining rights situated within the Bethal, Secunda, Highveld Ridge, Balfour and Standerton magisterial districts. These mining rights were granted for periods between 20 and 30 years. The Secunda complex mining right is valid until 28 March 2040 and Sasol Mining can apply to the DMRE for renewal of the right for a further maximum period of 30 years. The Block IV and Alexander Block mining rights are also situated in the Secunda area and remain valid until 27 August 2037 and 21 January 2048 respectively. The Mooikraal mining right near Sasolburg in the Free State is valid until 28 March 2040.

Safety, health and environment

Regions in which Sasol operates and their applicable legislation

South Africa

The majority of our operations are located in South Africa. We operate a number of plants and facilities for the manufacture, storage, processing and transportation of chemical feedstock, products and wastes. These operations are subject to numerous laws and regulations relating to safety, health and the protection of the environment.

Environmental regulation

The Constitution contains the underlying right to an environment which is not harmful to health or well-being of people which right must be given effect to by environmental legislation in South Africa. The South African National Environmental Management Act, 107 of 1998 is therefore the framework act which primarily aims to give effect to the Constitutional environmental right. It also underpins specific environmental management acts, such as the National Environmental Management: Waste Act, 59 of 2000 (National Environment Management: Waste Act), the National Water Act, 36 of 1998, and the Nation Environmental Management: Air Quality Act, 39 of 2004 which all, in turn, regulate specific environmental media and the associated regulation of potential impacts thereon. The National Environmental Management: Waste Act also specifically regulates the process for management of contaminated land. These Acts also provide for enforcement mechanisms as well as provisions for the imposition of criminal sanction. These also apply to mining activities.

Apart from South Africa’s international commitments, the country’s Climate Change Bill is still being finalised for enactment. Sasol continues to engage with the government on the development of the Climate Change Bill as well as the imposition of mandatory carbon budgets. Sasol’s engagement focuses on the need for the alignment of mitigation instruments in an effort to create long-term policy and regulatory certainty. Although not mandatory, Sasol participated in the first phase of the carbon budget process and received and agreed to its allocated carbon budget, which was in place until the end of calendar year 2020. We negotiated the second voluntary carbon budget for the next five years until 2027. A preliminary allocation was received which was reduced based on our national GHG inventory. This budget is subject to review within a year. The GHG and the National Pollution Prevention Plan Regulations were promulgated in April and June 2017 respectively and subsequently revised. Sasol continues to submit its GHG data annually, as well as progress on its approved pollution prevention plans. The Carbon Tax Act, 15 of 2019 was signed into law in May 2019 and came into effect on 1 June 2019. National Treasury has undertaken a process to increase the carbon tax rates (as per the 2022 National Budget) and the consultation process is concluded.

For information see “Item 3.D—Risk factors-Risks related to our sustainability”.

Hazardous substances

Provisions for the protection of humans and the environment against the harmful effects of hazardous substances and preparations are provided for in various laws, regulations and incorporated standards on the use, handling (including classification and labelling), storage and transport thereof. These laws and regulations are aligning with international commitments on safe chemicals management, including the Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals. Primary laws in this regard include the Hazardous Substances Act and the Hazardous Chemicals Agent Regulations under the Occupational Health and Safety Act.

For information regarding our challenges associated with these regulatory requirements refer to “Item 3.D—Risk factors”.

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Eurasian Operations

In Germany and Italy, we operate a number of plants and facilities for the manufacture, storage, processing and transportation of chemical feedstock, products and waste. These operations are subject to numerous laws and ordinances relating to safety, health and the protection of the environment, and non-compliance with these regulations could lead to a material adverse impact on Sasol’s ability to operate in these countries. In Eurasia, we anticipate continuing to respond to the regulatory environment through existing systems and control technologies as well as through efficiency and control technology reviews and improvement opportunities where appropriate, in order to minimise the impact of the current and future regulations on our Eurasian operations.

Hazardous substances

Provisions for the protection of humans and the environment against the harmful effects of hazardous substances and preparations are provided in the Chemicals Act, and related ordinances on the Prohibition of Certain Chemicals and Hazardous Incidents. All hazardous substances are subject to the requirements of the EU REACH Regulation, including requirements for registration and notification obligation before these substances can be brought onto the market. Hazardous substances and mixtures must be classified, labelled and packed in accordance with the EU classification, labelling and packaging regulation. Further regulations prohibiting and limiting manufacture, marketing and use also apply.

United States

In the US, we operate a number of plants and facilities for the storage and processing of chemical feedstock products. Sasol’s US operations are subject to numerous laws, regulations and ordinances relating to safety, health and the protection of the environment, and non-compliance with these regulations could lead to a material adverse impact on Sasol’s ability to operate in the US. Climate change policy continues to be developed at the federal and state level, and to some extent, through the judicial system. Our operations in the US remain regulated at the federal, state, and local level relating to health, safety, environment, and community impact. In the US, we anticipate continuing to respond to the regulatory environment through existing systems and control technologies as well as through efficiency and control technology reviews and improvement opportunities where appropriate, in order

to minimise the impact of the current and future regulations on our US operations.

Hazardous substances are, regulated pursuant to multiple federal laws including the Toxic Substances Control Act and by a labelling standard that incorporates the requirements of the Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals into occupational health and safety legislations. Chemical manufacturers and importers are required to evaluate the hazards of the chemicals they produce or import and prepare labels and safety data sheets to convey the hazard information to their downstream customers.

Mozambique

A National Environmental Policy (Resolution 5/1995, of 3 August) is the government document outlining the priorities for environmental management and sustainable development in Mozambique, including the required legal framework. The Environmental Law (Law 20/1997, of 1 October as amended by Law 16/2014, of 20 June) and its respective regulations, namely the Regulations on Environmental Impact Assessment (Decree 54/2015 of 31 December) and the Environmental Regulations for Petroleum Operations (Decree 56/2010 of 22 November) provides a legal framework for the use and correct management of the environment and its components and to assure sustainable development in Mozambique.

The Petroleum Law (Law 21/2014, of 18 August) and the Petroleum Operations Regulations (Decree 34/2015, of 31 December, as amended by Decree 48/2018 of 8 August) require holders of exploration and production rights to conduct petroleum operations in compliance with environmental and other applicable legislation. The law makes provision for compensation to be paid under general legislation by the holder of a right to conduct petroleum operations to persons whose assets are damaged. The law establishes strict liability for the holder of the right who causes environmental damage or pollution. The strict liability requirement for environmental damage or pollution could have a material adverse effect on our operations in Mozambique.

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Other countries

In a number of other countries, we are engaged in various activities that are impacted by local and international laws, regulations and treaties. In China and other countries, we operate plants and facilities for the storage, processing and transportation of chemical substances, including feedstock, products and waste. In the United Arab Emirates, and other countries, we are involved, or are in the process of becoming involved, in exploration, extraction, processing or storage and transportation activities in connection with feedstock, products and waste relating to natural oil and gas, petroleum and chemical substances.

In Qatar, we participate in a joint venture owning and operating a GTL facility involving the production, storage and transportation of GTL diesel, GTL naphtha and LPG. These operations are subject to numerous laws and ordinances relating to safety, health and the protection of the environment.

Our operations in the respective jurisdictions are subject to numerous laws and regulations relating to exploration and mining rights and the protection of safety, health and the environment.

4.C Organisational structure

Sasol Limited is the ultimate parent of the Sasol group of companies.

Sasol South Africa Limited, a subsidiary of Sasol Limited and a company incorporated in South Africa, primarily holds our operations located in South Africa. A number of other subsidiaries incorporated in South Africa, including Sasol Oil (Pty) Ltd, Sasol Mining Holdings (Pty) Ltd, Sasol Gas (Pty) Ltd, Sasol Middle East and India (Pty) Ltd and Sasol Africa (Pty) Ltd, also hold our interests in operations in South Africa, other parts of Africa and the Middle East. Sasol Financing Limited and Sasol Financing International Limited, responsible for the management of cash resources and investments and, are wholly owned and incorporated in South Africa.

Our wholly owned subsidiary, Sasol Investment Company (Pty) Ltd, a company incorporated in South Africa, primarily holds our interests in Sasol group companies incorporated outside of South Africa, including Sasol European Holdings Limited (United Kingdom), Sasol (USA) Corporation (United States), Sasol Holdings (Asia Pacific) (Pty) Ltd (South Africa), Sasol Holdings (USA) (Pty) Ltd (South Africa), Sasol Chemical Holdings International (Pty) Ltd (South Africa) and their respective subsidiaries.

See Exhibit 8.1 for a list of our significant subsidiaries and significant jointly controlled entities.

4.D Property, plants and equipment

Refer to “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 17 Property, plant and equipment” for further information regarding our property, plant and equipment.

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Energy Business

Mining

Coal mining facilities

Our main coal mining facilities are located at the Secunda Mining Complex, which consists of underground collieries (Bosjesspruit, Impumelelo, Shondoni, Syferfontein, and Twistdraai Thubelisha) and the Sigma complex consisting of the Mooikraal colliery near Sasolburg.

A map showing the location of our coal properties and major manufacturing plants in South Africa is shown on page M-1 and M-2.

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Our Mining segment operates six collieries for the supply of coal to the Secunda Operations, Sasolburg and Ekandustria operations (utility coal only) and the external market. The annual production of each colliery, the primary market to which it supplies coal and the location of each colliery are indicated in the table below:

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Nominated | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ |
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | capacity | ​ | Production (Mt)(3)
Colliery |  | Location |  | Market |  | per year (Mt)(2) |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Bosjesspruit |  | Secunda |  | Secunda Operations |  | 5,3 |  | 5,5 |  | 5,0 |  | 5,7
Impumelelo |  | Secunda |  | Secunda Operations |  | 5,2 | ​ | 4,7 |  | 5,3 |  | 5,3
Shondoni |  | Secunda |  | Secunda Operations |  | 7,0 |  | 6,1 |  | 6,4 |  | 7,0
Syferfontein |  | Secunda |  | Secunda Operations |  | 8,9 |  | 7,6 |  | 8,5 |  | 9,3
Twistdraai Thubelisha |  | Secunda |  | Export/Secunda operations (1) | ​ | 8,4 |  | 7,7 |  | 7,3 |  | 8,2
Sigma : Mooikraal |  | Sasolburg |  | Sasolburg Operations |  | 1,3 |  | 1,2 |  | 1,1 |  | 1,2
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ |  | 32,8 |  | 33,6 |  | 36,7
Production tons per continuous miner (mining production machine) per shift including off-shift production (4) (t/cm/shift) | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ |  | 951 |  | 984 |  | 1,131

(1) | The secondary product from the export beneficiation plant is supplied to Secunda Operations.

(2) | The nominated capacity of the mines is the expected production of that mine and does not represent the total maximum capacity of the mine.

(3) | Production excludes externally purchased coal.

(4) | Off-shift production is a legally permitted, voluntary shift system allowing mine workers to produce coal on their non-working shifts. This shift system provides the mine with a flexibility option to catch up on production shortfall. The mine workers are remunerated for this production on a cost per ton basis.

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Processing operations

Coal export business—Secunda Operations. We started the coal export business in August 1996. Run of mine (ROM) coal is sourced from Twistdraai/Thubelisha Colliery (nominated capacity 8,4 Million tons (Mt)). The export beneficiation plant has a design throughput total capacity of 10,5 Mt per annum. In 2023, we produced 7,7 Mt from Twistdraai/ Thubelisha Colliery; of which we beneficiated 6,8 Mt, and 1,2 Mt was bypassed to Sasol Coal Supply.

ROM coal is transported via an overland conveyor belt to the export beneficiation plant from the Twistdraai Thubelisha Colliery. The export product is loaded onto trains by means of a rapid load-out system, and then transported to the Richards Bay Coal Terminal (RBCT) in KwaZulu-Natal.

Sasol Mining has a 4,20% shareholding in RBCT and Sasol Mining’s entitlement on an 81 Mt per year RBCT capacity is 4,29%, which translates to 3,47 Mt per year. Actual export volumes for 2023 of 2,0 Mt per year were significantly constrained by Transnet Freight Rail’s available capacity.

Sasol Coal Supply—Secunda Operations. Sasol Coal Supply operates the coal handling facility

between our Mining segment and Secunda operations by stacking and blending coal on six live stockpiles. The overland conveyors from the mining operations to the coal handling facility are, in total, approximately 120 kilometres (km) long and also form part of the Sasol Coal Supply operation.

The operation has a live stockpile capacity of 720 000 tons, which is turned over around 1,2 times per week. In addition, there is a targeted strategic stockpile capacity of more than 2,0 Mt. The objectives of this facility are:

| ● | to homogenise the coal quality supplied to Secunda Operations;

| ● | to keep mine bunkers empty;

| ● | to keep the Secunda Operations bunkers full of a product that conforms to customer requirements;

| ● | to supply quality coal within the parameters of ash, sinks and fines;

| ● | to maintain a buffer stockpile to ensure even supply; and

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| ● | to perform a reconciliation of business with regard to quantity and quality.

The daily coal supply to Secunda Operations is approximately 100 000 tons for 2023.

Coal exploration techniques

Sasol Mining’s geology department employs several exploration techniques in assessing the geological risks associated with the exploitation of the coal deposits. These techniques are applied in a mutually supportive way to achieve an optimal geological model of the relevant coal seams, targeted for production purposes. The Highveld Basin is considered to be structurally complex when compared to the other coalfields in South Africa where mining activities take place. As a result, Mining bases its geological modelling on sufficient and varied geological information. This approach is utilised in order to achieve a high level of confidence and support to the production environment.

Core recovery exploration drilling. This is the primary exploration technique that is applied in all exploration areas, especially during reconnaissance phases. In and around operational mines, the average vertical borehole density varies from 1:10 to 1:15 (boreholes per hectare), while in medium-term mining areas, the average borehole density is in the order of 1:25. Depths of the boreholes drilled vary, depending on the depth to the Pre-Karoo basement, from 160 metres (m) to 380 m. The major application of this technique is to locate the coal horizons, to determine coal quality and to gather structural information about dolerite dykes and sills, and the associated de-volatilisation and displacement of coal reserves. This information is used to compile geological models and forms the basis of geological interpretation.

Directional drilling. Directional drilling from surface to in-seam has been successfully applied for several years. A circular area with a radius of approximately 1,4 km of coal deposit can be covered by this method from one drill site. The main objective of this approach is to locate dolerite dykes and transgressive dolerite sills, as well as faults with displacements larger than the coal seam thickness.

Horizontal drilling. This technique is applied to all operational underground mines and supplies short-term (minimum three months) exploration coverage per mining section. No core is usually recovered, although core recovery is possible, if required. The main objective is to locate dolerite dykes and transgressive sills intersecting the coal mining horizon, by drilling horizontal holes in the coal seam from a mined-out area. A drilling reach of up to 1 km is possible, although the average length is usually 800 m in undisturbed coal.

Aeromagnetic surveys. Many exploration areas are usually aero-magnetically surveyed before the focused exploration is initiated. The main objective is to locate magnetic dolerite sills and dykes, as well as large-scale fault zones.

Geophysical wireline surveys of directional boreholes. Geophysical surveys are routinely conducted in the completed directional drilled boreholes. This results in the availability of detailed information leading to increased confidence of the surface directional drilling results.

Secunda Operations

The coal supplied to Secunda Operations is the raw coal mined from the four mines supplying Secunda operations exclusively and the secondary product from the export beneficiation plant.

Extensive geological exploration has been carried out in the coal resource areas. Further exploration is undertaken to update and refine the geological models. This allows for accurate forecasting of geological conditions and coal qualities, and also effective planning and utilisation of coal reserves.

Computation and storage of geological information

Geological information is stored in the acQuire database. Regular data validation and quality checking is conducted through several in-house methods. Data modelling is conducted by manual interpretation and computer-derived geological models, using the Minex 6.5 edition of the GEOVIA/ MINEX software. Reserves and composite qualities are computed using established and recognised geo-statistical techniques.

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General stratigraphy

The principal coal horizon, the Number 4 Lower Coal Seam, provides some 90,70% (2022—91,00%) of the total proved and probable reserves. The Number 4 Lower Coal Seam is one of six coal horizons occurring in the Vryheid Formation of the Karoo Supergroup, a permo-carboniferous aged, primarily sedimentary sequence. The coal seams are numbered from the oldest to the youngest from bottom up.

The Number 4 Lower Coal Seam is a bituminous hard coal, characterised by the following borehole statistics as at 31 March 2023:

| ● | the depth to the base of the seam ranges from 40 m to 241 m with an average depth of 135 m below the surface topography. All the current mining done on this seam is underground;

| ● | the floor of the seam dips gently from north to south at approximately 0,5 degrees;

| ● | the thickness of the seam varies in a range up to 10 m with a weighted average thickness of 3,7 m. In general, thinner coal is found to the south and thicker coal to the west adjacent to the Pre-Karoo basement highs;

| ● | the inherent ash content (air dried basis) is an average 27,33%;

| ● | the volatile matter content is tightly clustered around a mean of 22,60% (air dried); and

| ● | the total sulphur content (air dried), which primarily consists of mineral sulphur in the form of pyrite and minor amounts of organic sulphur, averages 1,03% of the total mass of the coal.

The other potential coal seam is:

| ● | the Number 2 Coal Seam at Shondoni colliery and Impumelelo colliery, which has been included in our reserve base.

Reserve estimation (remaining reserves at 31 March 2023)

We have approximately 3,7 billion tons (Bt) (2022—3,9 Bt) of gross in situ proved and probable coal reserves in the Secunda Deposit and approximately 1,2 Bt (2022—1,2 Bt) of recoverable reserves. The coal reserve estimations are set out in table 1 that follows. Reported reserves will be converted into synthetic oil reserves, except for reserves which will be used for utilities in Secunda Operations and the majority of the Twistdraai Thubelisha reserves which will be exported. The reserve disclosure in this section includes our Mining segment’s total coal resources and reserves available for mining operations in Secunda. These reserves have not been adjusted for the synthetic oil reserves reported in the supplemental oil and gas information. The different reserve areas are depicted on the map on page M-1, as well as whether a specific reserve area has been assigned to a specific mine.

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The coal reserve estimations in this table were compiled under supervision of Mr. Viren Deonarain who is considered a Qualified Person. The “South African Code for Reporting of Minerals Resources and Minerals Reserves (The SAMREC Code 2007 edition)” dealing with competence and responsibility, paragraph 7, states Documentation detailing Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Mineral reserves from which a Public Report is prepared, must be prepared by, or under the direction of, and signed by a Qualified Person. Paragraph 9 states: A ‘Qualified Person’ is a person who is registered with SACNASP, ECSA or PLATO, or is a Member or Fellow of the SAIMM, the GSS or a Recognised Overseas Professional organisation. The Qualified Person must comply with the provisions of the relevant promulgated Acts. The reserves and resources modelling process and geological models were audited by an independent consultancy, WSP Golder, in August 2022. The audit verified that the geological models, reserves and resources estimates were fair reflection of the data on which they were based and conformed to internationally accepted reporting standards.

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The latest coal resource/reserve estimations were determined by following the same process. The estimation of the proved reserves is compliant with the definition and guidelines as stated in the modernized SEC Regulation S-K subpart 1300.

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The following internal controls are used in the exploration and mineral reserve estimation:

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| ● | The Resources and Reserves document is compiled for submission to the Sasol Mining Board for approval by the Company Secretary Energy. Before submission the Vice President (VP) Integrated planning and Optimisation performs a high-level reasonableness review (sense check) to ensure the detailed process was followed. This process includes a mass balance reconciliation.

| ● | The VP Integrated planning and Optimisation checks the reconciliation of

|  | Form 20-F information provided in Table 4 of the Synthetic Oil section of the Supplemental Oil and Gas information to confirm that the information disclosed for the most recently closed financial year is accurate, complete and consistent with the Sasol Mining Board Approved Resource and Reserve Statement and only includes coal to liquid resources and reserves.

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Those involved in the Reserves and Resources estimation process are sufficiently qualified. The Head of Coal Geology signs off on the process and is classified as a Competent Person as defined by the South African Council for Natural and Scientific Professionals

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Table 1.

Coal reserve estimations(1) as at 31 March 2023, in the Secunda area where we have converted mining rights (signed on 29 March 2010) in terms of the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act, 28 of 2002.

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Gross in |  | ​ |  | Mine |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​
​ | ​ | situ coal | ​ | Geological | ​ | layout | ​ | Extraction | ​ | Recoverable | ​ | Beneficiated | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | resource(1) | ​ | discount | ​ | losses | ​ | rate | ​ | reserves(2) | ​ | yield(3) | ​ | Proved/
Reserve area |  | (Mt)(4) |  | (Mt)(4) |  | (Mt)(4) |  | (%) |  | (Mt)(4) |  | (%) |  | probable
Shondoni colliery, number 4 seam |  | 368 | ​ | 49 | ​ | 100 | ​ | 49 | ​ | 125 |  | 100 |  | Proved
Shondoni colliery, number 2 seam |  | 61 | ​ | 12 | ​ | 6 | ​ | 41 | ​ | 19 |  | 100 |  | Probable
Bosjesspruit colliery |  | 115 | ​ | 8 | ​ | 54 | ​ | 61 | ​ | 39 |  | 100 |  | Proved
Bosjesspruit colliery |  | 38 | ​ | 2 | ​ | 9 | ​ | 45 | ​ | 12 |  | 100 |  | Probable
Syferfontein colliery |  | 341 | ​ | 55 | ​ | 91 | ​ | 60 | ​ | 152 |  | 100 |  | Proved
Alexander Block | ​ | 498 | ​ | 100 | ​ | 74 | ​ | 46 | ​ | 107 | ​ | 100 | ​ | Proved
Alexander Block | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 16 | ​ | 100 | ​ | Probable
Twistdraai Thubelisha colliery |  | 568 | ​ | 118 | ​ | 119 | ​ | 53 | ​ | 227 |  | P34,S37 |  | Proved
Impumelelo, Block 2, number 4 seam |  | 647 | ​ | 97 | ​ | 65 | ​ | 54 | ​ | 203 |  | 100 |  | Proved
Impumelelo, Block 2, number 2 seam |  | 383 | ​ | 58 | ​ | 172 | ​ | 37 | ​ | 44 |  | 100 |  | Probable
Block 2 South, number 4 seam |  | 363 | ​ | 98 | ​ | 49 | ​ | 54 | ​ | 123 |  | 100 |  | Probable
Block 2 South, number 2 seam |  | 133 | ​ | 36 | ​ | 18 | ​ | 54 | ​ | 45 |  | 100 |  | Probable
Block 3 South |  | 141 | ​ | 38 | ​ | 19 | ​ | 57 | ​ | 52 |  | 100 |  | Probable
Total Secunda area |  | 3 656 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ |  | 1 164 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​

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Table 2.

Coal reserve estimations(1) as at 31 March 2023, in the Sasolburg area where Sasol Mining has converted mining rights (signed on 29 March 2010) in terms of the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act, 28 of 2002.

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Gross in | ​ | ​ |  | Mine | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | situ coal | ​ | Geological | ​ | layout | ​ | Extraction | ​ | Recoverable | ​ | Beneficiated | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | resource(1) | ​ | discount | ​ | losses | ​ | rate | ​ | reserves(2) | ​ | yield(3) | ​ | Proved/
Reserve area |  | (Mt)(4) |  | (Mt)(4) |  | (Mt)(4) |  | (%) |  | (Mt)(4) |  | (%) |  | probable
Sigma Mooikraal |  | 159 |  | 14 |  | 22 |  | 52 |  | 25 |  | 100 |  | Proved
Total Mooikraal area |  | 159 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 25 |  |  |  |

(1) | The gross in situ coal resource is an estimate of the coal tonnage, contained in the full coal seam above the minimum thickness cut off and relevant coal quality cut off parameters. No loss factors are applied and seam height does not include external dilution or contamination material.

(2) | The recoverable coal reserve is an estimate of the expected recovery of the mines in these areas and is determined by the subtraction of losses due to geological and mining factors and the addition of dilatants such as moisture and contamination.

(3) | The P% of P34 refers to the export product yield from the recoverable coal reserve and the S% of S37 refers to secondary product yield, which will be supplied to the Secunda Operations. The balance of this is discard material.

(4) | Mt refers to 1 million tons. Reference is made of tons, each of which equals 1 000 kilograms, approximately 2 205 pounds or 1 102 short tons.

Table 3.

Coal qualities, on an air-dry basis, in respective coal reserve areas, where Mining has converted mining rights in respect of the Secunda mining complex in terms of the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act, 28 of 2002.

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | Average |  | Average |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | Heat |  | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Inherent | ​ | Superficial | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Value | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Moisture | ​ | Moisture | ​ | ​ | ​ | Steam/ | ​ | (air dry) | ​ | Sulphur
​ | ​ | Wet/dry | ​ | Content | ​ | Content | ​ | Assigned/ | ​ | metallurgical | ​ | basis | ​ | (air dry
Reserve area |  | tons |  | (%) |  | (%) |  | unassigned |  | coal |  | MJ/kg |  | basis)
Shondoni colliery |  | Wet |  | 4,3 |  | n/a |  | Assigned |  | Steam |  | 21,0 | ​ | 1,0
Bosjesspruit colliery |  | Wet |  | 4,0 |  | n/a |  | Assigned |  | Steam |  | 20,0 | ​ | 0,8
Syferfontein colliery |  | Wet |  | 4,7 |  | n/a |  | Assigned |  | Steam |  | 22,5 | ​ | 0,9
Twistdraai Thubelisha colliery |  | Wet |  | 4,4 |  | n/a |  | Assigned |  | Steam |  | 20,9 | ​ | 1,1
Impumelelo, Block 2, number 4 seam |  | Wet |  | 3,7 |  | n/a |  | Assigned |  | Steam |  | 18,9 | ​ | 1,3
Impumelelo, Block 2, number 2 seam |  | Wet |  | 4,0 |  | n/a |  | Assigned |  | Steam |  | 21,1 | ​ | 0,9
Alexander Block | ​ | Wet | ​ | 4,5 | ​ | n/a | ​ | Unassigned | ​ | Steam | ​ | 21,6 | ​ | 0,8
Block 2 South, number 4 seam |  | Wet |  | 4,1 |  | n/a |  | Unassigned |  | Steam |  | 18,2 | ​ | 1,2
Block 2 South, number 2 seam |  | Wet |  | 3,6 |  | n/a |  | Unassigned |  | Steam |  | 17,4 | ​ | 0,7
Block 3 South |  | Wet |  | 3,6 |  | n/a |  | Unassigned |  | Steam |  | 21,9 | ​ | 0,7

​

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Table 4.

Coal qualities, on an as received basis, in respective coal reserve areas, where Mining has converted mining rights in the Secunda mining complex in terms of the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act, 28 of 2002.

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | Average |  | Average |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | Heat |  | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Inherent | ​ | Superficial | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Value | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Moisture | ​ | Moisture | ​ | ​ | ​ | Steam/ | ​ | (as received) | ​ | Sulphur
​ | ​ | Wet/dry | ​ | Content | ​ | Content | ​ | Assigned/ | ​ | metallurgical | ​ | basis | ​ | (as received
Reserve area |  | tons |  | (%) |  | (%) |  | unassigned |  | coal |  | MJ/kg |  | basis)
Shondoni colliery |  | Wet |  | 4,3 | ​ | 3,0 | ​ | Assigned | ​ | Steam | ​ | 19,7 | ​ | 0,9
Bosjesspruit colliery |  | Wet |  | 4,0 | ​ | 4,0 | ​ | Assigned | ​ | Steam | ​ | 19,3 | ​ | 0,9
Syferfontein colliery |  | Wet |  | 4,7 | ​ | 4,3 | ​ | Assigned | ​ | Steam | ​ | 20,9 | ​ | 0,8
Twistdraai Thubelisha colliery |  | Wet |  | 4,4 | ​ | 4,7 | ​ | Assigned | ​ | Steam | ​ | 20,3 | ​ | 1,1
Impumelelo, Block 2, number 4 seam |  | Wet |  | 3,7 | ​ | 4,0 | ​ | Assigned | ​ | Steam | ​ | 18,8 | ​ | 1,2
Impumelelo, Block 2, number 2 seam |  | Wet |  | 4,0 | ​ | 3,5 | ​ | Assigned | ​ | Steam | ​ | 19,8 | ​ | 0,8
Alexander Block | ​ | Wet | ​ | 4,5 | ​ | 4,5 | ​ | Unassigned | ​ | Steam | ​ | 20,4 | ​ | 0,8
Block 2 South, number 4 seam |  | Wet |  | 4,1 | ​ | 3,1 | ​ | Unassigned | ​ | Steam | ​ | 18,0 | ​ | 1,1
Block 2 South, number 2 seam |  | Wet |  | 3,6 | ​ | 2,7 | ​ | Unassigned | ​ | Steam | ​ | 17,2 | ​ | 0,7
Block 3 South |  | Wet |  | 3,6 | ​ | 3,6 | ​ | Unassigned | ​ | Steam | ​ | 21,8 | ​ | 0,7

​

Table 5.

Coal qualities, on an air-dry basis, in respective coal reserve areas, where Sasol Mining has converted mining rights in respect of the Sasolburg area in terms of the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act, 28 of 2002.
​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | Average |  | Average |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | Heat |  | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Inherent | ​ | Superficial | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Value | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Moisture | ​ | Moisture | ​ | ​ | ​ | Steam/ | ​ | (air dry) | ​ | Sulphur
​ | ​ | Wet/dry | ​ | Content | ​ | Content | ​ | Assigned/ | ​ | metallurgical | ​ | basis | ​ | (air dry
Reserve area | ​ | tons | ​ | (%) | ​ | (%) | ​ | unassigned | ​ | coal | ​ | MJ/kg | ​ | basis)
Sigma: Mooikraal |  | Wet |  | 3,8 |  | n/a |  | Assigned |  | Steam |  | 19,3 |  | 0,6

​

​

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Table 6.

Coal qualities, on an as received basis, in respective coal reserve areas, where Sasol Mining has converted mining rights in the Sasolburg area in terms of the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act, 28 of 2002.

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | Average |  | Average |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | Heat |  | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Inherent | ​ | Superficial | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Value | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Moisture | ​ | Moisture | ​ | ​ | ​ | Steam/ | ​ | (as received) | ​ | Sulphur
​ | ​ | Wet/dry | ​ | Content | ​ | Content | ​ | Assigned/ | ​ | metallurgical | ​ | basis | ​ | (as received
Reserve area | ​ | tons | ​ | (%) | ​ | (%) | ​ | unassigned | ​ | coal | ​ | MJ/kg | ​ | basis)
Sigma: Mooikraal |  | Wet |  | 3,8 |  | 4,0 |  | Assigned |  | Steam |  | 19,0 |  | 0,6

​

​

​

Criteria for proved and probable

Over and above the definitions for coal reserves, probable coal reserves and proved coal reserves, set forth in Regulation S-K subpart 1300, promulgated by the SEC, we consider the following criteria to be pertinent to the classification of the reserves:

Probable reserves are those reserve areas where the drill hole spacing is sufficiently close in the context of the deposit under consideration, where conceptual mine design can be applied, and for which all the legal and environmental aspects have been considered. Probable reserves can be estimated with a lower level of confidence than proved coal reserves. Currently this classification results in variable drill spacing depending on the complexity of the area being considered and is generally less than 500m, although in some areas it may extend to 800m. The influence of increased drilling in these areas should not materially change the underlying geostatistics of the area on the critical parameters such as seam floor, seam thickness, ash and volatile content.

Proved reserves are those reserves for which the drill hole spacing is generally less than 350m, for which a complete mine design has been applied which includes layouts and schedules resulting in a full financial estimation of the reserve.

Legal rights on coalfields

Sasol Mining is the holder of various prospecting and mining rights for coal in Mpumalanga and one mining right in the Free State. These prospecting and mining rights are granted by the state acting as custodian of South Africa’s mineral and petroleum resources in accordance with the provisions of MPRDA as amended.

In respect of Mpumalanga, Sasol Mining holds three mining rights for coal situated within the Bethal, Secunda, Highveld Ridge, Balfour and Standerton magisterial districts with DMRE reference numbers MP 30/5/1/2/2/138 MR, MP30/5/1/2/2/10096 MR and MP30/5/1/2/2/10125 MR respectively. These mining rights are valid for periods of between 20 and 30 years, which can be renewed upon application to the DMRE, and allows Sasol Mining to provide a continuous and steady coal supply to SSA, which beneficiates the coal into higher value and in most cases, end line products. The bulk of Sasol Mining’s operations in Secunda falls within the Secunda Complex 138 MR mining right which was converted from old order mining licences. The 138 MR mining right has since its conversion to a new order mining right been amended to include various properties held under prospecting rights and a mining right which were either applied for and granted by the DMRE or were acquired from third parties and ceded to Sasol Mining. The 10096 MR mining right which Sasol Mining refers to as its Block IV mining right was granted in 2017 and the 10125 MR mining right referred to as Alexander was granted by the DMRE in 2018 and ceded to Sasol Mining during the same year.

Gas

Our natural oil and gas operations are managed by Gas Sourcing and Operations (GSO) as part of the Gas segment of our Energy Business. As of 30 June 2023, we held equity in two assets with proved reserves in Mozambique, one producing asset and one non-producing asset. We also have equity in exploration licences in Mozambique and South Africa.

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In the narrative sections below, unless stated otherwise, all quantitative statements refer to gross figures. The tabular information which follows the narrative provides:

| ● | total gross and net developed and undeveloped acreage of our natural oil and gas assets and exploration licences by geographic area, at 30 June 2023;

| ● | the number of net natural oil and gas wells completed in each of the last three years and the number of wells being drilled, at 30 June 2023;

| ● | capitalised natural oil and gas exploratory well costs at the end of the last three years and information about the continued capitalisation of natural oil and gas exploratory well costs, at 30 June 2023;

| ● | details about the production capacity of our natural oil and gas production facilities and the number of productive natural oil and gas wells, at 30 June 2023; and

| ● | average sales prices and production costs, of natural oil and gas, for the last three years.

The financial information in these sections has been prepared in accordance with IFRS in order to ensure consistency between this document and the financial statements.

Refer to the “Supplemental Oil and Gas Information” on pages G-1 to G-7 for:

| ● | costs incurred in natural oil and gas property acquisition, exploration and development activities, for the last three years;

| ● | capitalised costs relating to natural oil and gas activities, for the last three years;

| ● | the results of operations for natural oil and gas producing activities, for the last three years;

| ● | natural oil and gas proved reserves and production quantity information, for the last three years;

| ● | standardised measures of discounted future net cash flows relating to natural oil and gas proved reserves, for the last three years; and

| ● | changes in the standardised measures of discounted future net cash flows relating to natural oil and gas proved reserves, for the last three years.

The maps on page M-3 to M-4 show GSO’s global footprint and the location of our assets and exploration licences.

Mozambique

Licence terms

Development and production

In Mozambique, we have interests in two onshore assets, one of which is producing with proved reserves. The other asset consists of two areas under development with proved reserves, one area in early development without proved reserves and other reservoirs that are being assessed for commerciality.

The producing asset is the PandeTemane PPA licence (301,1 thousand developed net acres). Our subsidiary Sasol Petroleum Temane Limitada, the operator, holds a 70% working interest in the PPA. The PPA expires in 2034 and carries two possible five-year extensions. There is no requirement to relinquish any acreage until the expiry of the PPA.

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The asset under development is the PSA licence (443,4 thousand undeveloped net acres) where we are currently developing oil and gas reservoirs contained in the Pande, Temane and Inhassoro fields. Our subsidiary Sasol Petroleum Mozambique Limitada (SPM), the operator, holds a 100% working interest. Under the terms of the current PSA licence, ENH as the licence holder is entitled to a profit share of production. The PSA field development plan amendment approval for Inhassoro, Temane and Pande was received on 29 September 2020 with a production period of 30 years expiring on 28 September 2050. There is no requirement to relinquish any acreage until the expiry of the individual development areas. The Corvo and Tafula areas remain under the commercial assessment period second renewal to the end of February 2024.

Exploration

We have interests in one offshore exploration licence, Angoche A5-A (non-operated) and one operated onshore licence PT5-C.

Block A5-A in the offshore Angoche Area originally covered an area of 290,5 thousand undeveloped net acres. Our subsidiary, Sasol Mozambique A5-A Limitada (SMA5-A) held a 25,5% participating interest in the licence which is operated by Eni Mozambico S.p.A During January 2022, a farm out agreement was signed whereby SMA5-A would farm out a 15,5% participating interest to Eni Mozambico S.p.A. The transaction reached its closing date on 27 July 2022 after all conditions precedent were met. Upon entry into the second licence period 25% of the acreage (outside any appraisal areas) must be relinquished by December 2023.

The onshore block PT5-C in the Pande-Temane Area originally covered an area 521,0 thousand undeveloped net acres. Our subsidiary, Sasol Mozambique PT5C Limitada (SMPT5-C) holds a 70% working interest, as operator, and ENH holds a 30% interest, carried through the pre-development period. Upon entry into the second licence period 20% of the acreage (outside any appraisal areas) must be relinquished by December 2023.

In the PT5-C licence, two exploration commitment wells were drilled between January 2023 and March 2023. The first Dorado-1 well was plugged and abandoned as a dry well while gas was discovered at the second Bonito-1 well in the G9 reservoir. In the Block A5-A licence, the Raia-1 well was spudded during April 2023. No hydrocarbons were encountered

in the primary and secondary reservoirs and the well was plugged and abandoned as a dry well.

Activities

Development and production

In the PPA licence four new wells in the Pande field were brought into production during the financial year and one well was reinstated in the Temane field increasing production wells from 19 to 24 during the 2023 financial year.

Under the PSA, following approval of the field development plan amendment in September 2020 and final investment decision in February 2021, work to deliver the field development scope (oil and gas wells and gathering system and integrated gas, oil and LPG processing facilities) commenced. The 3-D seismic data acquisition and processing over the Pande and Inhassoro fields was concluded in 2022. Drilling and workover activities commenced on 7 August 2021 using the rig contracted for an integrated drilling campaign, servicing the PPA, PT5-C and PSA licences. Engineering activities for the surface facilities, i.e. well pads, oil and gas gathering system and oil, gas and LPG processing facilities, have mostly been completed with procurement also significantly advanced. The construction works are underway with the Initial Gas Facilities scope having reached readiness for commissioning by 30 June 2023. The project costs are trending within the approved US$760 million, with total field development spend as at 30 June 2023 amounting to US$312,9 million. Development is planned to be completed during the last quarter of the 2024 calendar year.

A stratigraphic test well (exploratory type) was drilled during November 2022. No hydrocarbons were encountered and the well was plugged and abandoned as dry well.

Capitalised exploratory well costs

At 30 June 2023, there were no exploratory well costs capitalised in the Pande-Temane PPA asset or in the A5-A asset. Under the PT5-C licence following the discovery of hydrocarbons, the Bonito-1 well cost of R460,5 million was capitalised.

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In the PSA Pande area (G6-Corvo and G8-Tafula), exploratory well costs continue to be capitalised for a period greater than one year after the completion of drilling; these costs relate to the exploration drilling activities conducted and completed in 2008, and the follow-up activities.

Total capitalised exploratory well costs capitalised as at 30 June 2023 amounted to R510,5 million.

Facilities and productive wells

Natural gas and condensate is produced from the PandeTemane PPA asset facilities, at the Central Processing Facility (CPF) on a site of approximately 400 000 square metres, located some 700 kilometres north of Maputo, the capital of Mozambique. Production from the Temane and Pande fields, which are managed as a single operational field, is routed from production wells via in-field flowlines and pipelines to the CPF. The design capacity of the CPF is 491 million standard cubic feet per day of sales gas together with small amounts of associated condensate.

At 30 June 2023, there were 24 productive wells in the Pande-Temane PPA asset. Four new infill wells were drilled and one producer well was reinstated increasing the productive wells from 19 to 24 being online. As part of Mozambique Exploration, Remediation and Infill Campaign drilling campaign, several wells have been plugged and abandoned and others remain on schedule for plug and abandonment.

Delivery commitments

Gas produced from the PandeTemane PPA asset, other than royalty gas provided to the Mozambican government, is supplied in accordance with long-term gas sales agreements (GSAs). The gas produced in accordance with GSA1, signed on 27 December 2002 and amended on 3 May 2022 (30-year contract term from 1 April 2004), and GSA2, signed on 10 December 2008 (20 year contract term from 1 January 2010), is sold internally for use as part of the feedstock for our chemical and synthetic fuel operations and to the external market in South Africa, with a daily contract quantity equivalent to 132 PJ/a (119,75 bscf/a) and 27 PJ/a (24,49 bscf/a) for GSA1 and GSA2 respectively. There are four off-takers under the GSA3, which are 20-year contracts that supply gas to the Mozambique market. These satisfy a licence condition that a portion of gas produced is utilised in-country. The contracts are with Matola Gas

Company S.A from 1 July 2014 for 8 PJ/a (7,26 bscf/a), ENH-Kogas from 1 March 2013 for 6 PJ/a (5,44 bscf/a), Central Termica de Ressano Garcia S.A. from end-February 2015 for 11 PJ/a (9,98 bscf/a) and ENH effective from 1 June 2015 for 2PJ/a (1,81 bscf/a).

Production from Proved Reserves is expected to commence declining in 2024, when it will no longer be possible to fully supply gas at currently contracted rates. Technical options are currently being considered to address this issue.

PPA condensate is currently sold to Petróleos de Moçambique, S.A. (Petromoc), which transports the condensate by truck from the CPF for export. The contract terminates on 30 June 2024.

Proved reserves (all quantities are net to Sasol)

Our Mozambique proved reserves are contained in the PandeTemane PPA and PSA assets. These represent the net economic interest volumes that are attributable to Sasol after the deduction of petroleum production tax taken in kind. The primary sales product is natural gas, with minor amounts of associated liquid hydrocarbons.

Changes to proved reserves

There was a decrease of 84 billion cubic feet in proved gas reserves to 730 billion cubic feet due to production of 114 billion cubic feet partially offset by a 12 billion cubic feet upward revision of previous estimates, and improved recovery of 18 billion cubic feet.

Changes to proved developed reserves

Proved developed gas reserves decreased by 55 billion cubic feet to 545 billion cubic feet. The decrease was due to production of 114 billion cubic feet and a 21 billion cubic feet downward revision which was partially offset by improved recovery of 80 billion cubic feet.

Proved undeveloped reserves converted to proved developed reserves

80 billion cubic feet were converted from proved undeveloped to proved developed reserves during 2023.

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Changes to proved undeveloped reserves

Proved undeveloped gas reserves decreased by 29 billion cubic feet to 185 billion cubic feet due to an upward revision of 33 billion cubic feet of the previous estimates, 80 billion cubic feet matured to developed and 18 billion cubic feet improved recovery.

Proved undeveloped reserves remaining undeveloped

Proved undeveloped gas reserves estimated to be 18 billion cubic feet, in the PandeTemane PPA asset and 166 billion cubic feet in the PandeTemane PSA asset, were first recognised in 2023 and 2022 respectively. It is anticipated that these quantities will be converted to developed reserves in 2024 and 2025 respectively.

South Africa

Licence terms

In South Africa, we have an interest in one exploration licence.

Our subsidiary Sasol Africa (Pty) Ltd holds a 100% working interest (13 758,1 thousand undeveloped net acres) in the ER236 licence, offshore in the Durban Basin. Eni’s equity and operatorship were transferred to Sasol following a decision by Eni South Africa BV not to enter the Third Exploration Period. A decision is pending from the Petroleum Agency of South Africa (PASA) on Sasol’s application to enter the Third Exploration Period.

Activities

Exploration

An environmental impact assessment for future potential drilling activities in the ER236 licence was submitted to PASA and the environmental authorisation was granted by relevant authorities on 26 August 2019 (the Environmental Authorisation). The Environmental Authorisation has been the subject of opposition by NGOs, which submitted an administrative appeal to the Minister of the Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment (DFFE). The Minister however dismissed the appeal and upheld the Environmental Authorisation in a decision dated 18 December 2020. On 15 June 2021, an NGO, the South Durban Community Environmental Alliance, served Sasol and Eni with a Notice of Motion in respect of a Review Application, seeking to set aside the decision to grant the Environmental Authorisation. Sasol has

decided to oppose the motion and filed its answering affidavit on 31 July 2023.

Capitalised exploratory well costs

At 30 June 2023 there were no exploratory well costs capitalised in South Africa.

Tabular natural oil and gas information

Developed and undeveloped acreage

The table below provides total gross and net developed and undeveloped acreage for our natural oil and gas assets by geographic area at 30 June 2023.

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Natural oil and gas | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
acreage concentrations |  | ​ |  | South |  | ​
at 30 June 2023(1) |  | Mozambique(2) |  | Africa |  | Total
Developed acreage | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Gross |  | 430,1 | ​ | — |  | 430,1
Net |  | 301,1 | ​ | — |  | 301,1
Undeveloped acreage | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Gross |  | 2 326,9 | ​ | 13 758,1 |  | 16 085,0
Net |  | 1 078,3 | ​ | 13 758,1 |  | 14 836,4

(1) | The table does not include acreage information (neither net nor gross) pertaining to: licences from which Sasol is in a formal process of withdrawing; licence areas proposed for relinquishment owing to local regulations; or new blocks Sasol is in a process of acquiring. See the map on page M-3 to M-4 for a representation of the affected areas.

(2) | Certain licences in Mozambique overlap as they relate to specific stratigraphic horizons.

Drilling activities

The table below provides the number of net wells completed in each of the last three years and the number of wells being drilled or temporarily suspended at 30 June 2023.

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Number of wells drilled for the |  | ​ |
year ended 30 June |  | Mozambique |
As at 30 June 2021 |  | ​ |
Wells being drilled—gross(3) | ​ | — | ​
Wells being drilled—net(3) | ​ | — | ​
2022 | ​ | ​ | ​
Net development wells—productive(1) | ​ | 2,8 | ​
As at 30 June 2022 | ​ | ​ | ​
Wells being drilled—gross(3) | ​ | 1,0 | ​
Wells being drilled—net(3) | ​ | 1,0 | ​
2023 | ​ | ​ | ​
Net exploratory wells—dry(1) |  | 0,8 | ​
Net exploratory wells—productive(1) |  | 0,7 | ​
Net extension wells(4)—productive(1) | ​ | — | ​
Net extension wells(4)—dry | ​ | — | ​
Net development wells—productive(1) |  | 3,7 | ​
Net development wells—dry(1) | ​ | — | ​
Net stratigraphic test wells—exploratory type(2) |  | 1,0 | ​
Net stratigraphic test wells—development type(2) |  | — | ​
As at 30 June 2023 | ​ | ​ | ​
Wells being drilled—gross(3) |  | 1,0 | ​
Wells being drilled—net(3) |  | 0,7 | ​

(1) | A productive well is an exploratory, extension or development well that is not a dry well. A dry well is an exploratory, extension or development well that proves to be incapable of producing either oil or natural gas in sufficient quantities to justify completion.

(2) | A stratigraphic test well is drilled to obtain information pertaining to a specific geological condition and is customarily drilled without the intent of being completed. Stratigraphic test wells are ‘exploratory type’ if not drilled in a known area or ‘development type’ if drilled in a known area.

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(3) | The number of wells being drilled includes wells that have been drilled, but have not yet been mechanically completed to enable production. Wells which are awaiting only surface connection to a production facility are considered to be completed.

(4) | An extension well is a well drilled to extend the limits of a known reservoir.

Capitalised exploratory well costs

The table below provides details about natural oil and gas capitalised exploratory well costs at the end of the last three years, showing additions, costs charged to expense and costs reclassified.

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | 2023 | ​ | 2022 |  | 2021 | ​
​ |  | (Rand in millions) | ​
Capitalised Exploratory Well Costs | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Balance at beginning of year | ​ | 50,0 | ​ | 59,8 |  | 464,8 |
Additions for the year | ​ | 460,5 | ​ | (9,8) |  | (127,5) |
Costs incurred(1) | ​ | 460,5 | ​ | — |  | 5,1 |
Asset retirement obligation adjustments | ​ | — | ​ | (9,8) |  | (132,6) |
Charged to expense for the year | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | (5,2) |
Costs reclassified to Capital Work in Progress | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | (272,6) |
Translation of foreign entities | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | 0,3 |
Balance at end of year | ​ | 510,5 | ​ | 50,0 |  | 59,8 |

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Capitalised Exploratory Well costs | ​ | ​ | ​
Ageing at 30 June 2023 |  | Mozambique |
​ | ​ | ​
less than 1 year | ​ | 460,5 | ​
over 5 years | ​ | 50,0 | ​
Number of projects | ​ | 2 | ​

(1) | Including actualisation of exploratory well cost written off in the previous years and excluding impact of Asset retirement obligation adjustments.

Oil and gas production facilities and productive wells

We operate production facilities in Mozambique.

The table below provides the production capacity at 30 June 2023.

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Plant Description |  | Location |  | Design Capacity
Central Processing Facility |  | Pande-Temane PPA, Mozambique |  | 491 MMscf/day gas

​

The table below provides the number of productive gas wells at 30 June 2023. A productive well is a producing well or a well that is mechanically capable of production.

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Number of productive |  | ​ |  |
wells 30 June 2023 | ​ | Mozambique |  | ​
Productive gas wells | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Gross |  | 24,0 | ​ |
Net |  | 16,8 | ​ |

​

Sales prices and production costs

The table below summarises the average sales prices for natural gas and petroleum liquids produced and the average production cost, not including ad valorem and severance taxes, per unit of production for each of the last three years.

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Average sale prices and production costs |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​
for the year ended 30 June | ​ | Mozambique |  | Gabon(2) |  | Canada(3)
​ | ​ | (Rand per unit)
2021 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Average sales prices | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Natural gas, per thousand standard cubic feet |  | 24,2 | ​ | — | ​ | 27,0
Natural liquids, per barrel |  | 369,2 | ​ | 737,7 | ​ | 434,7
Average production cost(1) | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Natural gas, per thousand standard cubic feet |  | 6,2 | ​ | — | ​ | 26,5
Natural liquids, per barrel |  | — | ​ | 425,4 | ​ | —
2022 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Average sales prices | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Natural gas, per thousand standard cubic feet |  | 36,8 | ​ | — | ​ | —
Natural liquids, per barrel |  | 932,0 | ​ | — | ​ | —
Average production cost(1) | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Natural gas, per thousand standard cubic feet |  | 10,2 | ​ | — | ​ | —
2023 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Average sales prices | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Natural gas, per thousand standard cubic feet | ​ | 56,6 | ​ | — | ​ | —
Natural liquids, per barrel | ​ | 970,7 | ​ | — | ​ | —
Average production cost(1) | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Natural gas, per thousand standard cubic feet | ​ | 9,5 | ​ | — | ​ | —

(1) | Average production costs per unit of production are calculated according to the primary sales product. Cost excludes depreciation, exploration and rehabilitation costs.

(2) | Information included up to 25 February 2021, which was the effective date of divestment of our interests in the EMP in Gabon.

(3) | The transaction to divest of all our interests in Canada was closed on 29 July 2021.

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Transportation capacity

The table below provides details of the transportation capacity and location available to our Gas segment.

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | Design
Plant description |  | Location |  | capacity(1)
Gauteng transmission network |  | Gauteng |  | 128 bscf/a
ROMPCO Pipeline |  | From Central Processing Facility (Mozambique) to Pressure Protection Station (Secunda) (865km)—From Mozambique to Secunda and Sasolburg |  | 191 bscf/a
Secunda, Witbank and Middelburg pipeline |  | South Africa |  | 11 bscf/a
Transnet Pipeline transmission pipeline |  | South Africa |  | 23 bscf/a

(1) | Nameplate capacity represents the total saleable production capacity. Due to the integrated nature of these facilities, the requirement for regular statutory maintenance shutdowns and market conditions, actual saleable volumes will be less than the nameplate capacity.

Fuels—Plants and facilities

Our facilities in South Africa

Our main manufacturing facilities are located at Secunda. Additionally, the Natref refinery, based in Sasolburg, is approximately 2 km2.

Our interests in facilities in Qatar

ORYX GTL is a gas-to-liquids plant, located at Ras Laffan Industrial City, situated along the northeast coast of Qatar.

The following table provides details of the production capacity and location of the main jointly held plants where our Fuels segment has an interest.

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Plant description |  | Location |  | Design capacity(1)
ORYX GTL |  | Ras Laffan Industrial City in Qatar |  | 32 400 bpd (nominal)
Natref |  | Sasolburg, South Africa |  | 108 000 bpd (nominal)

(1) | Nameplate capacity represents the total saleable production capacity. Due to the integrated nature of these facilities, the requirement for regular statutory maintenance shutdowns and market conditions, actual saleable volumes will be less than the nameplate capacity.

Secunda Operations

Synthetic oil

Refer to “Item 4.D—Property, plants and equipment—Energy Business—Mining” for details on our mining properties and coal exploration techniques used during the estimation of synthetic oil reserves.

The size of Sasol’s total Secunda property is approximately 79 km2 with operating plants accounting for 8 km2. This forms the base for the main manufacturing facilities for our Energy and African Chemicals Businesses.

The following table sets forth a summary of the synthetic oil equivalent average sales price and related production costs for the year shown.

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Average sales price per barrel (rand per unit) |  | 1 599,23 |  | 1 363,68 |  | 810,79
Average production cost per barrel (rand per unit) |  | 1 050,50 |  | 948,36 |  | 779,16
Production (millions of barrels) |  | 32,5 |  | 32,6 |  | 35,5

​

Supplemental oil and gas information

Supplemental oil and gas information: See “Item 18—Financial Statements—Supplemental Oil and Gas Information” for supplemental information relating to synthetic oil producing activities.

Chemicals – Plants and facilities

Our facilities in South Africa

Our main manufacturing facilities are located in Secunda and Sasolburg. The size of Sasol’s total Secunda property is approximately 79 km2 with operating plants accounting for 8 km2. Within the Secunda property, a portion of the explosives assets are owned and operated by Enaex in association with Sasol from 1 July 2020. The size of the Sasolburg property is approximately 51 km2.

Our facilities in the United States

Our operation in Lake Charles, Louisiana is our single biggest site in the US with a full size of approximately 6 km2. Within the Lake Charles site, the ethylene cracker on the west side, the linear low-density polyethylene and the low-density polyethylene plants are owned and operated by our 50% owned LIP JV.

Further operation sites in the United States are located in Winnie and Greens Bayou in Texas, and Tucson, Arizona.

Refer to “Item 3.D—Risk factors” and “Item 5.B—Liquidity and capital resources” for further detail on the LCCP.

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Our facilities in Eurasia

Our German operations are based at two locations, namely Brunsbüttel (site size approximately 1,2 million m2; plant size 500 000 m2) and Marl (site size approximately 160 000 m2; plant size 75 000 m2)

The operations in Italy are based at three locations. The primary facilities are at Augusta (site size approximately 1,36 million m2; plant size 510 000 m2) on the island of Sicily and Terranova (site size approximately 330 000 m2; plant size 160 000 m2) with a smaller site at Sarroch on the island of Sardinia.

The operations in China are based at two locations in Nanjing (Fangshui site size approximately 90 000 m2; plant size 4 000 m2; Zhaoqiaohe site size approximately 143 000 m2; plant size 3 600 m2).

Smaller operations can be found at the site Novaky in Slovakia.

The following table summarises the main production nameplate capacities of the chemicals segment globally. Due to the integrated nature of these facilities, a portion of these products are used in further downstream facilities. Nameplate capacity represents the total saleable production capacity. Due to the integrated nature of these facilities, the requirement for regular statutory maintenance shutdowns and market conditions, actual saleable volumes will be less than the nameplate capacity.

​

​

​

Production capacity at 30 June 2023

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Product Groups capacity(1) | C2-3 Olefins(2) | C5-8 Alpha Olefins | Polyolefins (3) | LAB (4) and Paraffin (5) | C1-5 Alcohols, Ketones and Acrylates | C6+ Alcohols (6) | Surfactants | EO and Derivatives (7) | Wax | Other | Others Description
Geographic Location | Main Business Divisions (8) | BC | BC | BC | ECC | PS | ECC | ECC | ECC, BC, PS | PS | All | All
​ | ​ | ​ | (ktpa) | ​
Americas | 1,200 | 100 | 500 | 300 | ​ | 300 | 300 | 300 | ​ | 100 | ​
​ | Lake Charles | X | X | X | X | ​ | X | X | X | ​ | X | Inorganics (9)
​ | Winnie/ Greens Bayou | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | X | Aromatics (10)
​ | Tucson | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | X | Inorganics
Eurasia | ​ | ​ | ​ | 300 | ​ | 400 | 700 | 300 | ​ | 100 | ​
​ | Germany | Marl | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | X | X | X | ​ | X | Aromatics
​ | ​ | Brunsbüttel | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | X | ​ | ​ | ​ | X | Inorganics
​ | Italy | Augusta | ​ | ​ | ​ | X | ​ | X | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Sarroch | ​ | ​ | ​ | X | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Terranova | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | X | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | Slovakia | Novakv | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | X | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | China | Nanjing | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | X | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Africa | 1,600 | 400 | 1,200 | ​ | 1,000 | 100 | ​ | ​ | 300 | 900 | (11)​
​ | Secunda | X | X | X | ​ | X | X | ​ | ​ | ​ | X | Ammonia, Carbon
​ | Sasolburg | X | ​ | X | ​ | X | ​ | ​ | ​ | X | X | Ammonia, Aromatics
​ | Durban | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | X | ​ | ​

(1) | Within the individual product groupings, capacities are shown integrated. Capacities are rounded to the nearest 100kt. “X” indicates that the location produces the specific product grouping.

(2) | Ethylene and Propylene: Predominately used for internal production of derivatives. In the Americas, this represents our historic ethylene cracker plus Sasol’s 50% of our LIP JV cracker.

(3) | Polyethylene, Polypropylene and PVC. In the US, this represents Sasol’s 50% share in the LIP JV.

(4) | LAB in Eurasia partly used to produce Surfactants internally.

(5) | Paraffins mainly consumed for LAB production.

(6) | C6+ Alcohols partly used for production of Surfactants.

(7) | EO and derivatives such as Butyl Glycol Ether (BGE),MEG and Amines. Ethylene Oxide predominantly used to produce Surfactants.

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(8) | Business divisions include Performance Solutions (PS), Essential Care Chemicals (ECC), Advanced Materials (AM) and Base Chemicals (BC).

(9) | Inorganics in Europe and the US mainly as a co-product from the Alcohol-Ziegler process, part of our AM business division.

(10) | Aromatics: Further processing of Secunda value chain products in Sasolburg and the US: Phenol, cresylics and derivatives. Total global integrated Aromatics capacity is 100kt.

(11) | Predominantly Ammonia.

​

​

ITEM 4A. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

There are no unresolved written comments from the SEC staff regarding our periodic reports under the Exchange Act received not less than 180 days before 30 June 2023, that are considered material.

ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

This section should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements included in “Item 18—Financial Statements” as at 30 June 2023 and 2022, and for the years ended 30 June 2023, 2022 and 2021, including the accompanying notes, that are included in this annual report on Form 20-F. The following discussion of operating results and the financial review and prospects as well as our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB.

For information regarding our financial overview and external factors impacting on our business, refer to the “Integrated Report—Chief Financial Officer’s performance overview” as contained in Exhibit 99.3.

The discussion on the 2021 financial results has not been included as this can be found under Item 5 of our Form 20-F for the year ended 30 June 2022, Certain information contained in the discussion and analysis set forth below and elsewhere in this annual report includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. See “Forward-Looking Statements” and see “Item 3.D—Risk factors” for a discussion of significant factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in this annual report.

5.A Operating results

Results of operations

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | Change |  | ​ |  | Change
​ | ​ | 2023 |  | 2022* |  | 2023/2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022/2021
​ | ​ | (Rand | ​ | ​ | ​ | (Rand | ​ | ​
​ |  | in millions) | ​ | (%) |  | in millions) | ​ | (%)
Turnover |  | 289 696 |  | 272 746 |  | 6 |  | 201 910 |  | 35
Operating costs and expenses |  | (236 901) |  | (224 360) |  | 6 |  | (162 887) |  | 38
Remeasurement items |  | (33 898) |  | 9 903 |  | (442) |  | (23 218) |  | (143)
Equity accounted profit, net of tax |  | 2 623 |  | 3 128 |  | (16) |  | 814 |  | 284
Earnings before interest and tax |  | 21 520 |  | 61 417 |  | (65) |  | 16 619 |  | 270
Net finance costs |  | (7 006) |  | (5 876) |  | 19 |  | (5 902) |  | (0)
Earnings before tax |  | 14 514 |  | 55 541 |  | (74) |  | 10 717 |  | 418
Taxation |  | (5 181) |  | (13 869) |  | (63) |  | (185) |  | 7 397
Earnings |  | 9 333 |  | 41 672 |  | (78) |  | 10 532 |  | 296

*The Group has revised Turnover and Materials, energy and consumables used by R2 992 million for 2022. The error had no impact on earnings.

​

Financial review 2023

| ● | For information regarding our financial condition, and an overview of our results refer “Integrated Report—Performance summary” as contained in Exhibit 99.3.

| ● | For information on changes in our financial condition, and overall financial performance refer “Integrated Report— Performance summary” as contained in Exhibit 99.3.

Turnover

Turnover consists of the following categories.

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Change |  | ​ | ​ | Change
​ |  | 2023 |  | 2022* |  | 2023/2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022/2021
​ | ​ | (Rand | ​ | ​ | ​ | (Rand | ​ | ​
​ |  | in millions) | ​ | (%) |  | in millions) | ​ | (%)
Sale of products |  | 285 826 |  | 269 017 |  | 6 |  | 199 210 |  | 35
Services rendered |  | 3 870 |  | 3 729 |  | 4 |  | 2 700 |  | 38
Turnover |  | 289 696 |  | 272 746 |  | 6 |  | 201 910 |  | 35

*The Group has revised Turnover and Materials, energy and consumables used by R2 992 million for 2022. The error had no impact on earnings.

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The primary factors contributing to the changes in turnover were.

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Change | ​ | Change
​ |  | 2023/2022* |  | 2022*/2021
​ |  | (Rand in |  | ​ |  | (Rand in |  | ​
​ |  | millions) | ​ | (%) |  | millions) | ​ | (%)
Turnover 2022 and 2021 | ​ | 272 746 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 201 910 | ​ | ​
Exchange rate effects | ​ | 46 985 | ​ | 18 | ​ | (5 581) | ​ | (3)
Product prices | ​ | (15 090) | ​ | (6) | ​ | 95 963 | ​ | 48
—crude oil | ​ | (3 300) | ​ | (1) | ​ | 42 392 | ​ | 21
—other products | ​ | (11 790) | ​ | (4) | ​ | 53 571 | ​ | 27
Net volume changes | ​ | (15 052) | ​ | (6) | ​ | (19 192) | ​ | (10)
Other effects | ​ | 107 | ​ | 0 | ​ | (354) | ​ | (1)
Turnover | ​ | 289 696 | ​ | 6 | ​ | 272 746 | ​ | 35

*The Group has revised Turnover and Materials, energy and consumables used by R2 992 million for 2022. The error had no impact on earnings.

​

Operating costs and expenses

Operating costs and expense consists of the following categories.

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ |  | ​ | ​ | Change | ​ | ​ | ​ | Change
​ |  | 2023 |  | 2022* |  | 2023/2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022/2021
​ |  | (Rand |  | (%) |  | (Rand |  | (%)
​ | ​ | in millions) | ​ | ​ | ​ | in millions) | ​ |
Materials, energy and consumables used |  | (152 297) |  | (123 999) |  | 23 |  | (85 370) |  | 45
Selling and distribution costs |  | (10 470) |  | (8 677) |  | 21 |  | (8 026) |  | 8
Maintenance expenditure |  | (15 076) |  | (13 322) |  | 13 |  | (12 115) |  | 10
Employee-related expenditure |  | (33 544) |  | (32 455) |  | 3 |  | (32 848) |  | (1)
Depreciation and amortisation |  | (16 491) |  | (14 073) |  | 17 |  | (17 644) |  | (20)
Other expenses and income |  | (9 023) |  | (31 834) |  | (72) |  | (6 884) |  | 362
Operating costs and expenses |  | (236 901) |  | (224 360) |  | 6 |  | (162 887) |  | 38

*The Group has revised Turnover and Materials, energy and consumables used by R2 992 million for 2022. The error had no impact on earnings.

​

Materials, energy and consumables used. Materials, energy and consumables used in 2023 amounted to R152 297 million, an increase of R28 298 million, or 23%, compared with R123 999 million in 2022, which increased by 45% from R85 370 million in 2021. The increase in these costs between 2023 and 2022 was mainly due to higher product prices of R11 270 million, and a weaker exchange rate of R22 247 million, offset by lower volumes of R5 967 million.

Selling and distribution costs. These costs comprise of marketing and distribution of products, freight and customs and excise duty after the point of sale. Selling and distribution costs in 2023 amounted to R10 470 million, which represents an increase of R 1 793 million, or 21%, compared with R8 677 million in 2022, which increased by R651 million, or 8%, compared with R8 026 million in 2021. The variation in these costs was mainly attributable to increased logistical costs in our South African Chemicals

business of R701 million, as well as the impact of inflation and a weaker exchange rate of R1 385 million. Selling and distribution costs represented 4% of sales in 2023, 3% of sales in 2022, and 4% of sales in 2021.

Maintenance expenditure. Maintenance expenditure in 2023 amounted to R15 076 million, which represents an increase of R1 754 million, or 13%, compared with R13 322 million in 2022, which increased by R1 207 million, or 10%, compared with R12 115 million in 2021. Maintenance expenditure increased in 2023 compared to 2022 mainly due to inflation, and the weaker exchange rate of R1 263 million.

Employee-related expenditure. Employee-related expenditure amounted to R33 544 million, which represents an increase of R1 089 million in 2023, or 3%, compared with R32 455 million in 2022, which decreased by R393 million, or 1%, from 2021.

This amount includes labour costs of R33 655 million (2022 — R32 141 million and 2021— R31 683 million) and a share-based payment charge to the income statement of R1 033 million, (2022 — R1 139 and 2021— R1 905 million).This increase in 2023 is mainly due to increase in the employee headcount of R656 million and weaker exchange rate of R1 086 million.

Depreciation and amortisation. Depreciation and amortisation in 2023 amounted to R16 491 million, which represents an increase of R2 418 million or 17%, compared with R14 073 million in 2022, which decreased by R3 571 million or 20% compared with R17 644 million in 2021. The increase in depreciation relates mainly to the increase in project values capitalised of R1 446 million, and the weaker exchange rate of R905 million.

​

Other expenses and income. Other expenses and income in 2023 amounted to R9 023 million, a decrease of R22 811 million, compared to R31 834million in 2022, which increased by R24 950 million from R6 884 million in 2021.

This amount includes:

| ● | Exploration expenditure and feasibility costs of R751 million (2022 — R366 million and 2021 — R295 million);

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| ● | Translation gains of R2 728 million (2022 — R693 million and 2021 — R5 510 million);

| ● | Insurance costs of R1 091 million (2022— R710 million and 2021— R739 million);

| ● | Information technology cost of R3 078 million (2022— R2 745 million and 2021— R2 563 million);

| ● | Hired labour of R856 million (2022— R694 million and 2021— R565 million);

| ● | Audit remuneration of R141 million (2022— R131 million and 2021— R136 million);

| ● | Professional fees of R2 455 million (2022— R1 916 million and 2021— R2 828 million);

| ● | Profit on derivative instruments (including crude oil instruments, foreign exchange instruments, ethane swaps and interest rate swaps) of R3 287 million mainly due to the group’s hedging activities and embedded derivatives, (2022— R18 325million loss and 2021— R2 282million profit;

| ● | Decrease in rehabilitation provisions of R870 million (2022—increase of R866 million and 2021— decrease of R361 million); and

| ● | Other operating income in 2023 amounted to R5 181 million, which represents an increase of R2 147 million, or 71%, compared with R3 034 million in 2022. In 2021, other operating income amounted to R2 025 million or 50% lower compared to 2022.

Share of profits from equity accounted investments

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Change | ​ | ​ | ​ | Change
​ |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023/2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022/2021
​ | ​ | (Rand | ​ | ​ | ​ | (Rand | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | in millions) | ​ | (%) | ​ | in millions) | ​ | (%)
Profit/(loss) before tax |  | 4 035 |  | 4 809 |  | (16) |  | 1 230 |  | 291
Tax |  | (1 412) |  | (1 681) |  | (16) |  | (416) |  | 304
Share of profits/(losses) of equity accounted investments, net of tax |  | 2 623 |  | 3 128 |  | (16) |  | 814 |  | 284
Remeasurement items, net of tax |  | — |  | ​ |  | — |  | 23 |  | ​

​

The share of profits of equity accounted investments (net of tax) amounted to R2 623 million in 2023 as compared to R3 128 million in 2022 and R814 million in 2021. This is due to a decrease in profit from ORYX GTL partially offset by ROMPCO profit which is equity accounted since 30 June 2022.

For information regarding the Equity accounted profits, refer to “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 19 Equity accounted investments”.

Finance costs and finance income

For information regarding finance costs incurred and finance income earned, refer to “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 6 Net finance costs”.

The increase in finance costs in 2023 is mainly due to higher global interest rates to counter inflation and the weaker exchange rate

Tax

The effective tax rate increased to 36% in 2023 compared to 25% in 2022 and 1.7% in 2021. The low rate in 2021 was mainly a result of tax losses utilised. The effective corporate tax rate is 9,0% higher than the South African corporate income tax rate of 27%, mainly due to non-deductible expenses incurred not deemed to be in the production of taxable income, tax losses in Sasol Investment Company (Pty) Ltd, Sasol Mozambique PT5 C Limitada and Sasol China for which no deferred tax asset was raised and translation differences of R845 million arising from exchange rates applied by the South African Revenue Service at the date of assessment. This was offset by the deduction of the share of profits of equity accounted investments. For further information regarding the tax charge, refer to “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 10 Taxation”.

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Non-controlling interests

For information regarding our non-controlling interests, and their share of profit, refer to “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 21 Interest in significant operating subsidiaries”.

Profits attributable to non-controlling interests in subsidiaries of R 534 million in 2023 decreased by R2 182 million, or 80%, from R2 716 million in 2022, which was an increase of R1 216 million or 81% from R1 500 million in 2021.

The decrease in earnings attributable to non-controlling interests in 2023 was largely attributable to ROMPCO which was equity accounted from 30 June 2022.

The increase in earnings attributable to non-controlling interests in 2022 was largely due to higher sales volumes resulting from the easing of COVID-19 lockdown restrictions in South Africa, and higher BFP prices as a result of the Russia/Ukraine war.

Financial review 2022

Group results

Profit before interest and tax of R16 619 million in 2021 increased (more than 100%) by R44 798 million to a profit before interest and tax of R61 417 million in 2022. This was largely due to an increase in revenue (35%) as a result of recovery of economic conditions during 2022, the ZAR/US $ exchange rate averaged R15,21 compared to R15,40 for the prior year. The Chemicals Business benefited from stronger chemical basket prices (US$/t), which were higher compared to the prior year. In 2022, oil prices averaged at US$92,06/bbl compared to US$54,20/bbl in 2021.

Items which materially impacted earnings before interest and tax

During 2022, earnings were impacted by the following significant items:

| ● | a net remeasurement items gain of R9 903 million compared to a R23 218 million expense in the prior year. Included in the remeasurement items is the impairment reversal of R1 443 million relating to the Chemical Work-up & Heavy Alcohols cash generating unit (CGU), and

|  | scrapping of property, plant and equipment of R2 500 million at LCCP.

Segment review—results of operations

Reporting segments are identified in the way in which the President and Chief Executive Officer organises segments within our group for making operating decisions and assessing performance. The segment overview included below is based on our segment results. Inter-segment turnover was entered into under terms and conditions substantially similar to terms and conditions which would have been negotiated with an independent third party. Refer to Business segment information “Item 18—Financial Statements—Segment information” for further detail regarding turnover and EBIT per segment.

Refer also to “Integrated Report— – Our distinctive value chains” as contained in Exhibit 99.4.

Energy Business

Mining

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | Change |  | ​ |  | Change
​ |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023/2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022/2021
​ | ​ | (Rand in | ​ | ​ | ​ | (Rand in | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | millions) | ​ | (%) | ​ | millions) | ​ | (%)
External turnover |  | 6 386 |  | 6 370 |  | 0 |  | 2 025 |  | 215
Inter-segment turnover |  | 21 280 |  | 18 016 |  | 18 |  | 19 679 |  | (8)
Total turnover |  | 27 666 |  | 24 386 |  | 13 |  | 21 704 |  | 12
Operating costs and expenses(1) |  | (25 086) |  | (20 930) |  | 20 |  | (18 477) |  | 13
Earnings before interest and tax |  | 2 580 |  | 3 456 |  | (25) |  | 3 227 |  | 7
EBIT margin % |  | 9 |  | 14 | ​ | ​ |  | 15 | ​ | ​

(1) | Operating costs and expenses net of other income including remeasurement items and depreciation.

Results of operations 2023 compared to 2022

Total turnover increased by 13% from R24 386 million to R27 666 million mainly due to the increase in sales price of coal supplied to Secunda Operations. Export sales volumes were 13% lower compared to the prior year due to the impact of ongoing operational challenges at Transnet Freight Rail (TFR) and the diversion of export coal to Secunda Operations. External turnover was favourably impacted by the weaker ZAR/US$ exchange rate. The average US dollar export coal price was 2% lower than the prior year due to the impact of the Russia/Ukraine war.

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Earnings before interest and tax decreased by 25% to R2 580 million compared to the prior year. Mining’s results were adversely affected by lower productivity, higher external coal purchases to meet the demand requirements of Secunda Operations, lower export sales volumes and increased costs to drive the improvement of operations. Productivity of 951 t/cm/s was 3% lower than the prior year due to unplanned safety stoppages and operational challenges experienced during the earlier part of the year.

The Secunda Operations coal stockpile increased from approximately 1,8 mt at the end of the prior year, closing at 2,0 mt for the year.

Results of operations 2022 compared to 2021

Total turnover increased by 12% from R21 704 million to R24 386 million. Earnings before interest and tax of R3 456 million represents an increase of 7% compared to the prior year, mainly due to higher export coal prices which was negated by increased external coal purchases, Transnet Freight Rail performance issues, coal supply challenges to the Secunda market and increases in labour and maintenance cost.

Production was negatively impacted by high severity incidents, as well as the slower ramp-up of the full calendar operations (Fulco) integrated shift system which was implemented during June 2021 at our Secunda collieries. However, productivity increased during the last quarter of the year. The full year productivity was 984 t/cm/s compared to 1 131 t/cm/s for the prior year. Lower productivity resulted in an increase in external coal purchases, negatively impacting earnings before interest and tax.

The Secunda Operations coal stockpile increased during the last quarter of the year, closing at more than 1,8 mt which is above our optimal internal stockpile target range.

For further analysis of our results refer to an “Integrated Report—Performance overview // performance at a glance’’ as contained in Exhibit 99.6.

Gas

​

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | Change |  | ​ |  | Change
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 2023/ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 2022/
​ |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2021
​ | ​ | (Rand in | ​ | ​ | ​ | (Rand in | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | millions) | ​ | (%) | ​ | millions) | ​ | (%)
External turnover |  | 7 234 |  | 7 789 |  | (7) |  | 7 321 |  | 6
Inter-segment turnover |  | 4 754 |  | 4 152 |  | 14 |  | 3 669 |  | 13
Total turnover |  | 11 988 |  | 11 941 |  | 0 |  | 10 990 |  | 9
Operating costs and expenses(1) |  | (5 556) |  | 2 681 |  | (307) |  | (4 334) |  | (162)
Earnings before interest and tax |  | 6 432 |  | 14 622 |  | (56) |  | 6 656 |  | 120
EBIT margin % |  | 54 |  | 122 | ​ | ​ |  | 61 | ​ | ​

(1) | Operating costs and expenses net of other income including exploration costs, remeasurement items and depreciation.

Results of operations 2023 compared to 2022

Total turnover of R11 988 remained flat compared to the prior year mainly due to higher gas prices, offset by lower sales volumes due to asset disposals in the prior year as well as lower natural gas and methane rich gas sales volumes in South Africa, by 3% and 1% respectively, resulting from lower customer demand.

Earnings before interest and tax decreased to R6 432 million from R14 622 million in the prior year. The prior year earnings before interest and tax included remeasurement item gains from the disposal of the Canadian shale gas assets of R4 880 million and partial disposal of interest in ROMPCO of R3 728 million. Excluding remeasurement items, earnings before interest and tax increased by 14% mainly due to lower operating costs which was partially offset by the impact of lower earnings before interest and tax from assets disposed in the prior year.

In Mozambique, the gas operations delivered a strong production performance. Production was 2% higher than the prior year due to the additional wells brought online, resulting in increased production capacity.

Results of operations 2022 compared to 2021

Total turnover increased by 9% from R10 990 million to R11 941 million mainly due to a 10% increase in methane rich gas sales volumes as the market started to return to pre-COVID-19 levels and higher gas selling prices in South Africa. This was partially negated by a 1% decrease in natural gas sales volumes compared to the prior year. During the last quarter of the year, overall gas sales volumes were negatively impacted by the severe flooding in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa.

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Earnings before interest and tax increased by more than 100% to R14 622 million compared to R6 656 million in the prior year and includes a profit of R4 880 million from the disposal of our Canadian sale gas assets mainly related to the realisation of the foreign currency translation reserve, a profit on disposal of R3 728 million related to the sale of 30% of our 50% interest in the Republic of Mozambique Pipeline Investments Company (ROMPCO) and a R156 million profit on disposal of our interest in Central Térmica de Ressano Garcia (CTRG).

Excluding remeasurement items, earnings before interest and tax was further positively supported by lower depreciation compared to the prior year as a result of various asset disposals. This was partially offset by the impact of the weaker closing ZAR/US$ dollar exchange rate on the translation of our Mozambique foreign operations, increase in rehabilitation provisions and higher costs associated with the Mozambique drilling campaign.

In Mozambique, our gas operations performed better than expected. Production volumes of 111,2 bscf were 3% lower than the prior year due to the delay in drilling campaign that started on 7 August 2021. The results from the four wells drilled to date are in line with reservoir quality expectations

For further analysis of our results refer to “Integrated Report—Performance overview // performance at glance” as contained in Exhibit 99.6.

Fuels

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | Change |  | ​ |  | Change
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 2023/ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 2022/
​ |  | 2023 |  | 2022* |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2021
​ | ​ | (Rand in | ​ | ​ | ​ | (Rand in | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | millions) | ​ | (%) | ​ | millions) | ​ | (%)
External turnover |  | 116 235 |  | 97 996 |  | 19 |  | 59 393 |  | 65
Inter-segment turnover |  | 2 473 |  | 1 976 |  | 25 |  | 1 256 |  | 57
Total turnover |  | 118 708 |  | 99 972 |  | 19 |  | 60 649 |  | 65
Operating costs and expenses(1) |  | (125 836) |  | (72 013) |  | 75 |  | (78 819) |  | (9)
Earnings/(loss) before interest and tax |  | (7 128) |  | 27 959 |  | (125) |  | (18 170) |  | (254)
EBIT margin % |  | (6) |  | 28 | ​ | ​ |  | (30) | ​ | ​

(1) | Operating costs and expenses net of other income including remeasurement items and depreciation.

*The Group has revised Turnover and Materials, energy and consumables used by R2 992 million for 2022. The error had no impact on earnings.

Results of operations 2023 compared to 2022

Total turnover increased by 19% from R99 972 million in the prior year to R118 708 million

mainly due the higher rand per barrel oil prices and fuel differentials.

Loss before interest and tax was R7 128 million for the year, mainly due to the recognition of an impairment of R35 316 million relating to the Secunda liquid fuels refinery CGU while a profit of R27 959 million was recorded in the prior year. Excluding the impairment of the Secunda liquid fuels refinery CGU, a profit before interest and tax of R28 188 million was recorded for 2023. Operating costs increased by 11% largely driven by higher inflation and increased maintenance costs in Secunda to restore reliability of operations partly offset by lower electricity costs in favour of own generation.

Secunda Operations production volumes were 6,9 mt, which is 1% higher than the prior year, despite a planned total shutdown during September 2022, the impact of poor coal quality and plant reliability issues during the first half of the year. The increase in production volumes is driven by management’s interventions to reduce the impact of variability in coal quality, volume protection plans yielding positive results and higher natural gas availability. Coal quality remained a key focus area and management continued to implement measures to mitigate poor coal quality and increase operational reliability. Natref delivered an average run rate of 510 m³/h which was 8% lower than the prior year. Natref’s performance was impacted by the shutdown in July 2022 resulting from crude supply shortages.

ORYX GTL contributed R2 007 million to earnings before interest and tax, which was 33% lower than prior year, with a utilisation rate of 70% compared to 89% in the prior year. Dividends received from ORYX GTL amounted to R1 671 million (Sasol’s share) compared to R4 622 million in the prior year. The operational performance at ORYX GTL was impacted by various operational challenges, including the delayed start-up of Air Separation Unit 2 and a diesel tank leak in March 2023.

Results of operations 2022 compared to 2021

Total turnover increased by 65% from R60 649 million in the prior year to R99 972 million mainly due to a favourable macro-economic environment, with higher crude oil prices and refining margins, coupled with increased demand following the easing of COVID-19 lockdown restrictions globally. Liquid fuels sales volumes were 1% lower compared to the prior year.

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Earnings before interest and tax increased by more than 100% from a loss of R18 170 million in the prior year to a profit of R27 959 million and was further supported by lower depreciation due to impairments recognised in prior years, partially offset by lower production at Secunda operations, associated with coal supply and coal quality, as well as higher electricity costs due to the reallocation of gas to produce final product.

Secunda Operations production volumes of 6,9mt was 10% lower than the prior year, mainly as a result of the shutdown that was postponed in the prior year to 2022, coal supply and coal quality challenges at Mining, as well as other operational instabilities which have largely been resolved. External purchases increased by 3,2 million barrels compared to the prior year to meet demand during the Secunda operations shutdown and to mitigate supply constraints following production challenges and the planned shutdown at Natref. Natref delivered a run rate of 555 m³/h which was 7% higher than the prior year.

ORYX GTL contributed R3 019 million to earnings before interest and tax compared to R719 million during the prior year, mainly as a result of higher Brent crude oil prices and an improvement in the utilisation rate. ORYX GTL achieved an average utilisation rate of 89% for the year.

For further analysis of our results refer to “Integrated Report—Performance overview // performance at glance” as contained in Exhibit 99.6.

Chemicals Business

​

Chemicals Africa

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | Change |  | ​ |  | Change
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 2023/ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 2022/
​ | ​ | 2023 | ​ | 2022 | ​ | 2022 | ​ | 2021 | ​ | 2021
​ | ​ | (Rand in | ​ | (%) | ​ | (Rand in | ​ | (%)
​ |  | millions) | ​ | ​ |  | millions) | ​ | ​
External turnover |  | 67 772 |  | 64 054 |  | 6 |  | 58 260 |  | 10
Inter-segment turnover |  | 2 814 |  | 3 221 |  | (13) |  | 2 337 |  | 38
Total turnover |  | 70 586 |  | 67 275 |  | 5 |  | 60 597 |  | 11
Operating costs and expenses(1) |  | (52 917) |  | (43 203) |  | 22 |  | (53 640) |  | (19)
Earnings/(loss) before interest and tax |  | 17 669 |  | 24 072 |  | (27) |  | 6 957 |  | 246
EBIT margin % |  | 25 |  | 36 | ​ | ​ |  | 11 |  | ​

(1) | Operating costs and expenses net of other income including remeasurement items and depreciation.

Results of operations 2023 compared to 2022

Total turnover increased by 5% from R67 275 million in 2022 financial year to R70 586 million in 2023, mainly driven by a weaker ZAR/US$ exchange rate and slightly higher sales volumes partly offset by lower sales price. The average sales basket price (US$/ton) for the financial year was 10% lower compared to the prior year resulting from lower oil prices, weaker global demand and associated inventory reduction by customers.

Sales volumes were 1% higher than 2022 financial year mainly due to the absence of flooding in Kwa-Zulu Natal (KZN) which resulted in the declaration of force majeure on the export of certain chemical products in the last quarter of financial year 2022 and despite a Secunda planned total East factory shutdown in 2023 compared to only a partial shutdown in 2022. While supply chain challenges eased in the second half of financial year 2023, close collaboration with Transnet continues, and it remains a risk to our business.

Operating costs and expenses were 22% higher than financial year 2022 due to increased feedstock cost, energy costs and inflation as well as remeasurement items. The Chemicals Africa segment recognised an impairment of R0,9 billion of the South African Wax cash generating unit as a result of the higher future cost to procure gas, lower sales volumes and prices due to an increasingly challenging market environment. This compares to remeasurement items of R1,4 billion in 2022 due to the reversal of impairments related to the Chemical Work-Up and Heavy Alcohols cash generating unit largely due to an improved macro assumptions and price outlook

Earnings before interest and tax decreased by R6 403 million from a profit of R24 072 million in 2022 to of R17 669 million in 2023, and the EBIT margin decreased from 36% to 25%.

The decrease in the earnings before interest and tax is largely attributable to the increase in operating costs.

The disposal of the sodium cyanide business was not concluded in 2023 with an appeal currently underway following the prohibition of the disposal by the South Africa Competition Commission. This transaction is still expected to be concluded within the next financial year, subject to the outcome of the appeal.

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Results of operations 2022 compared to 2021

Total turnover increased by 11% from R60 597 million in 2021 to R67 275 million in 2022, mainly driven by higher sales prices despite lower sales volumes. The average sales basket price (US$/ton) for the financial year was 29% higher compared to the prior year due to a combination of improved demand, higher oil prices and reduced market supply following the continued global supply chain challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sales volumes were 14% lower than 2021 following operational challenges in Secunda and Sasolburg earlier in the year and lower Q4 of FY22 sales due to supply chain damage caused by the April 2022 floods in KZN, South Africa which resulted in export shipment delays.

Earnings before interest and tax increased by R17 115 million from R6 957 million in 2021 to R24 072 million in 2022, while the EBIT margin increased from 11% to 36%.

The increase in the earnings before interest and tax is largely attributable to the increase in turnover and reduction in impairments recognised year on year. The Chemicals Africa segment recognised a reversal of impairment of R1,4 billion compared to impairment of R9 billion recognised in 2021. The reversal of impairment related to the Chemical Work-Up and Heavy Alcohols cash-generating unit largely due to a higher price outlook on the back of a sustained increase in demand for alcohols into the personal hygiene market during and post the COVID-19 pandemic.

The disposal of the sodium cyanide business was not concluded in 2022 with an appeal process currently underway following the prohibition of the disposal by the South Africa Competition Commission. This transaction is still expected to be concluded within the next six to twelve months, subject to the outcome of the appeal process

For further analysis of our results refer to “Integrated Report—Performance overview // performance at glance” as contained in Exhibit 99.6.

Chemicals America

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | Change |  | ​ |  | Change
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 2023/ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 2022/
​ | ​ | 2023 | ​ | 2022 | ​ | 2022 | ​ | 2021 | ​ | 2021
​ | ​ | (Rand in | ​ | ​ | ​ | (Rand in | ​ | ​
​ |  | millions) | ​ | (%) |  | millions) | ​ | (%)
External turnover |  | 44 492 |  | 41 496 |  | 7 |  | 29 358 |  | 41
Inter-segment turnover |  | 450 |  | 430 |  | 5 |  | 2 |  | ​
Total turnover |  | 44 942 |  | 41 926 |  | 7 |  | 29 360 |  | 43
Operating costs and expenses(1) |  | (45 485) |  | (40 945) |  | 11 |  | (21 244) |  | 93
Loss/earnings before interest and tax |  | (543) |  | 981 |  | (155) |  | 8 116 |  | (88)
EBIT margin % |  | (1) |  | 2 |  | ​ |  | 28 |  | ​

(1) | Operating costs and expenses net of other income.

Results of operations 2023 compared to 2022

Total turnover increased by 7% from R41 926 million to R44 942 million mainly driven by a weaker ZAR/US$ exchange rate. Sales revenue in US$ was 8% lower driven by lower US$/t sales prices partially negated by higher sales volumes. The average sales basket price (US$/ton) for the financial year was 16% lower compared to the prior year largely due to lower ethylene and polymer prices. Sales volumes for the year were 9% higher than the prior year largely due to the absence of the planned ethylene cracker turnaround in 2022 and improved production performance from the Tetramerization unit in 2023.

Remeasurement items in 2023 of R3,9 billion include the reversal of the impairment of R3,6 billion of the Tetramerization CGU and the sale of an Ethane pipeline of R0,4 billion in 2023. This compares to remeasurement items of negative R2,8 billion in 2022 which included a R2,5 billion scrapping following an asset transfer between Sasol and LIP JV as part of the finalisation of the US Base Chemicals divestment at Lake Charles.

Loss before interest and tax (LBIT) of R543 million was more than 100% lower compared to the prior period earnings before interest and tax of R981 million with both periods impacted by remeasurement items. Excluding remeasurement items, LBIT also decreased by more than 100% compared to the prior period due to lower gross margin driven by lower sales prices and higher cost partially negated by higher sales volumes. Increase in costs were mainly due to increased depreciation after the reversal of the Tetramerization impairment and non-recurring insurance claim proceeds from the 2021 hurricanes.

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Results of operations 2022 compared to 2021

Total turnover increased by 43% from R29 360 million to R41 926 million mainly driven by higher sales prices despite lower sales volumes. The average sales basket price (US$/ton) for the financial year was 58% higher compared to the prior year due combination of improved demand as COVID-19 restrictions were lifted, higher oil and energy prices and reduced market supply due to residual global supply chain challenges from the COVID-19 pandemic. Sales volumes for the year were 10% lower than the prior year largely due to the divestments of 50% of our Base Chemicals assets in December 2020.

Earnings before interest and tax of R981 million were 88% lower compared to the prior period of R8 116 million with both periods impacted by remeasurement items. EBIT was positively impacted by a reduction in asset disposal costs offset by higher labour-related costs and inflation. Excluding remeasurement items, EBIT increased by more than 100% compared to the prior period.

Remeasurement items for the financial year include a R2,5 billion scrapping following an asset transfer between Sasol and LIP JV as part of the finalisation of the US Base Chemicals divestment at Lake Charles. This compares to remeasurement items of R7,3 billion in 2021 which mainly consists a net reversal of impairment of R4,5 billion and a gain on reclassification of foreign currency translation reserve of R3,1 billion associated with the 2021 divestments.

For further analysis of our results refer “Integrated Report—Performance overview // performance at a glance” as contained in Exhibit 99.6.

Chemicals Eurasia

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | Change |  | ​ |  | Change
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 2023/ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 2022/
​ | ​ | 2023 | ​ | 2022 | ​ | 2022 | ​ | 2021 | ​ | 2021
​ | ​ | (Rand in | ​ | ​ | ​ | (Rand in | ​ | ​
​ |  | millions) | ​ | (%) |  | millions) | ​ | (%)
External turnover |  | 47 577 |  | 55 011 |  | (14) |  | 45 539 |  | 21
Inter-segment turnover |  | 617 |  | 408 |  | 51 |  | 499 |  | (18)
Total turnover |  | 48 194 |  | 55 419 |  | (13) |  | 46 038 |  | 20
Operating costs and expenses(1) |  | (49 383) |  | (47 867) |  | 3 |  | (41 358) |  | 16
Loss/(earnings) before interest and tax |  | (1 189) |  | 7 552 |  | (116) |  | 4 680 |  | 61
EBIT margin % |  | (2) |  | 14 |  | ​ |  | 10 |  | ​

(1) | Operating costs and expenses net of other income including remeasurement items and depreciation

Results of operations 2023 compared to 2022

Total turnover decreased by 13% from R55 419 million to R48 194 million resulting from lower sales volumes despite higher prices for the period. The average sales basket price (US$/ton) for the financial year was 4% higher compared to the prior period reflecting the increase in energy prices and feedstock costs associated with the ongoing Russia/Ukraine war. Sales volumes decreased by 29% compared to the prior period, largely due to reduced wax volumes following the disposal of the European Wax business at the end of February 2022. After normalising for the Wax transaction, sales volumes for 2023 decreased by 19% compared to 2022. The lower sales volumes are due to reduced demand and customer destocking across most of our business divisions while competition increased as supply chain constraints eased post the COVID-19 pandemic.

Operating costs and expenses increased by 3%, also reflecting the sharp increase in energy-, feedstock- and other operating costs, despite the absence of costs related to our disposed Wax business. Remeasurement items for the financial year consist largely of a R0,9 billion loss for the full impairment of our plant in China compared to the prior period containing a R2,9 billion gain on reclassification of foreign currency translation reserves associated with the disposal of the Wax business.

Earnings before interest and tax decreased from R7 552 million to a loss of R1 189 million, mainly as a result of the lower sales volumes, higher feedstock and energy costs suppressing margins and a negative impact from remeasurement items.

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Results of operations 2022 compared to 2021

Total turnover increased by 20% from R46 038 million to R55 419 million resulting from increased sales prices despite lower sales volumes for the period. The average sales basket price (US$/ton) for the financial year was 37% higher compared to the prior period reflecting the increase in energy prices, feedstock costs and logistic rates associated with the ongoing Russia/Ukraine war, supply chain constraints as well as COVID-19-related market restrictions including lockdowns in China. Sales volumes decreased by 11% compared to the prior period, largely due to reduced Wax volumes within our Performance Solutions division following the disposal of the Wax business at the end of February 2022. Operating costs and expenses increased by 16%, also reflecting the sharp increase in energy-, feedstock- and other operating costs, despite the absence of costs related to our Wax business, since March 2022.

Earnings before interest and tax increased from R4 680 million to R7 552 million, mainly as a result of the remeasurement items recorded in 2022.

Remeasurement items for the financial year consist largely of a R2 924 million gain on reclassification of foreign currency translation reserves associated with the disposal of the Wax business.

For further analysis of our results refer to “Integrated Report— Performance overview // performance at glance” as contained in Exhibit 99.6

Significant accounting policies and estimates

The preparation of our consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported results of our operations. Some of our accounting policies require the application of significant judgements and estimates by management in selecting the appropriate assumptions for calculating financial estimates. By their nature, these judgements are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty and are based on our historical experience, terms of existing contracts, management’s view on trends in the industries in which we operate and information from outside sources and experts. Actual results may differ from those estimates. Management believes that the more significant judgement and estimates relating to the accounting policies used in the preparation of Sasol’s consolidated financial statements could potentially impact the reporting of our financial results and future financial performance.

We evaluate our estimates, including those relating to environmental rehabilitation and decommissioning obligations, long-lived assets, trade receivables, inventories, investments, intangible assets, income taxes, share-based payment expenses, hedges and derivatives, pension and other post-retirement benefits and contingencies and litigation on an ongoing basis. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making our judgements about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily available from other sources.

In addition to the items below, “Item 18—Financial Statements” are incorporated by reference.

For accounting policies and areas of judgements relating to:

| ● | Going concern assumption, refer “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note Statement of Compliance”;

| ● | Valuation of share-based payments, refer “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 33 Share-based payment reserve”;

| ● | Impairments, refer “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 8 Remeasurement items affecting operating profit”;

| ● | Valuation of financial instruments (including derivatives), refer “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 37 Financial risk management and financial instruments”;

| ● | Long-term provisions, refer “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 30 Long-term provisions”;

| ● | Post-retirement benefit obligations, refer “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 32 Post-retirement benefit obligations”;

| ● | Useful economic lives of assets and depreciation of coal mining assets, “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 17 Property, plant and equipment”;

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| ● | Recognition of deferred tax assets and utilisation of tax losses, refer “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 12 Deferred tax and Note 10 Taxation”; and

| ● | Determination of whether an arrangement contains a lease, incorporating optional lease periods and determining the incremental borrowing rate in accordance with IFRS 16 Leases, refer “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 15 Leases”.

Estimation of natural oil and gas reserves

In accordance with the SEC regulations, proved oil and gas reserves are those quantities of oil and gas which, by analysis of geoscience and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be economically producible—from a given date forward, from known reservoirs under existing economic conditions, operating methods, and government regulations—prior to the time at which contracts providing the right to operate expire, unless evidence indicates that renewal is reasonably certain, regardless of whether deterministic or probabilistic methods are used for the estimation. The project to extract hydrocarbons must be approved and must have commenced or the operator must be reasonably certain that it will commence the project within a reasonable time. Existing economic conditions define prices and costs at which economic producibility is to be determined. The price is the average sales price during the 12-month period prior to the reporting date (30 June), determined as an un-weighted arithmetic average of the first-day-of-the-month price for each month within such period, unless prices are defined by contractual arrangements. Future price changes are limited to those provided by contractual arrangements in existence at year-end.

Our reported natural oil and gas reserves are estimated quantities based on SEC reporting regulations. Additionally, we require that the estimated quantities of oil and gas and related substances to be produced by a project be sanctioned by all internal and external parties to the extent necessary for the project to enter the execution phase and sufficient to allow the consequent products to be brought to market. See “Item 4.D—Property, plants and equipment”.

There are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities of reserves and in projecting future rates of production, including factors which are beyond our control. The accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the quality of available data, engineering and geological interpretation and judgement. Estimates of oil and gas reserves therefore are subject to future revision, upward or downward, resulting from new data and current interpretation, as well as a result of improved recovery, extensions and discoveries, the purchase or sale of assets, and production. Accordingly, financial and accounting measures (such as the standardised measure of future discounted cash flows, depreciation and amortisation charges and environmental and decommissioning obligations) that are based on proved reserves are also subject to revision and change.

Refer to “Table 5—Standardised measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to proved reserves”, on page G-6 for our standardised discounted future net cash flow information in respect of proved reserves for the year ended 30 June 2023 and to “Table 6—Changes in the standardised measure of discounted net cash flows”, on page G-7.

Depreciation of natural oil and gas assets

Depreciation of mineral assets on producing oil and gas properties and property acquisition costs is based on the units-of-production method. Apart from acquisition costs, which are depreciated using estimated proved reserves, mineral assets are depreciated using estimated proved developed reserves.

Fair value estimations of financial instruments

We base fair values of financial instruments on quoted market prices of identical instruments, where available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair value is determined based on other relevant factors, including dealers’ price quotations and price quotations for similar instruments traded in different markets. Fair value for certain derivatives is based on pricing models that consider current market and contractual prices for the underlying financial instruments or commodities, as well as the time value and yield curve or fluctuation factors underlying the positions. Pricing models and their underlying assumptions impact the amount and timing of unrealised gains and losses recognised, and the use of different pricing models or assumptions could produce different financial results. Refer to “Item 11—Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk”.

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5.B Liquidity and capital resources

Liquidity, cash flows and borrowings

Based on our funding plan, our liquidity headroom remains well above US$1 billion as at 30 June 2023, with available rand- and US dollar-based funds improving as we advance with our focused management actions. We continue to assess our mix of funding instruments to ensure that we have funding from a range of sources and a balanced maturity profile. We manage our liquidity risk by effectively managing our working capital, capital expenditure and cash flows from both operating cash flows and disposals of assets. We finance our capital expenditure from funds generated out of our business operations and borrowing facilities.

For information regarding our funding cash flows and liquidity, refer “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 14 Long-term debt, Note 15 Leases, and Note 16 Short-term debt” which includes an overview of our borrowing facilities and debt arrangements.

For more information regarding the impact of liquidity on our going concern assumption—refer “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 37 Financial risk management”.

For information regarding the Company’s cash flow requirements refer to the “Integrated Report—Chief Financial Officer’s performance overview” as contained in Exhibit 99.3. The following table provides a summary of our cash flows for each of the three years ended 30 June 2023, 2022 and 2021.

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
​ | ​ | (Rand in millions)
Net cash retained from operating activities |  | 35 422 | ​ | 40 250 | ​ | 34 043
Net cash(used in) /received from investing activities | ​ | (28 234) |  | (15 077) |  | 25 093
Net cash generated by/ (used in) financing activities | ​ | 1 188 |  | (14 953) |  | (58 265)

​

Cash flows retained from operating activities include the following significant items.

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
​ | ​ | (Rand in millions)
Cash generated by operating activities |  | 64 637 |  | 56 138 |  | 45 114
Income tax paid | ​ | (13 952) |  | (13 531) |  | (5 280)
Dividends paid | ​ | (13 754) |  | (49) |  | (46)

​

The cash generated by our operating activities is applied first to fund our operations, pay our debt and tax commitments and then to provide a return in the form of a dividend to our shareholders. The net cash retained is then invested based on our updated capital allocation framework which is aimed at driving maximum shareholder return.

Operating activities

Cash generated by operating activities in 2023 increased by 15% to R64 637 million, largely attributable to a decrease in working capital, partially offset by lower cash flow from operations mainly as a result of increased costs.

For further information regarding our cash flow generation, refer “Integrated Report—Chief Financial Officer’s statement” as contained in Exhibit 99.3.

Investing activities

Net cash used in investing activities increased to R28 234 million in 2023 as compared to R15 077 million in 2022.

Cash flows utilised in investing activities include the following significant items.

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |
​ | ​ | (Rand in millions) |
Additions to non-current assets(1) |  | (30 247) |  | (23 269) |  | (18 214) | ​
Proceeds on disposals and scrappings | ​ | 799 |  | 8 484 |  | 43 214 | ​

(1) | Includes additions to property, plant and equipment and other intangible assets.

For information regarding cash flows from investing activities refer “Integrated Report— Chief Financial Officer’s performance overview” as contained in Exhibit 99.3.

For information regarding cash flows from additions and disposals, refer “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 17 Property, plant and equipment” and “Note 9 Disposals and scrapping”.

For details of our additions to non-current assets, and the projects to which these relate, refer to “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 17 Property, plant and equipment ”.

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For details of our capital commitments refer to “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 17 Property, plant and equipment”.

Financing activities

Net cash generated by financing activities was R1 188 million in 2023 as compared to net cash used in financing activities of R14 953 million in 2022.

The reason for the variance was mainly that debt raised for the year was approximately the same value as debt repaid. Loans that were raised and bonds that were issued include

| ● | R26 700 million (US$1.5 billion) drawdowns from the previous revolving credit facility (RCF)

| ● | R2 100 million under the new Domestic Medium-Term Note (DMTN) programme

| ● | The issue of a R13 200 million (US$750 million) convertible bond

| ● | R35 500 million (US$2 billion) drawdown on the new RCF and

| ● | Term loan and R17 800 million (US$1 billion) bonds issued in May 2023.

This was reduced by an outflow as the result of repayments of

| ● | previous RCF and term loan R53 900 million (US$3,0 billion),

| ● | R2 200 million on the previous DMTN,

| ● | R17 800 million on the US$1 billion bond that matured in November 2022, and

| ● | R17 800 million on the new RCF.

The group’s operations are financed primarily by means of its operating cash flows. Cash shortfalls are usually short term in nature and are met primarily from short-term banking facilities. Our long-term capital expansion projects are financed by a combination of floating and fixed rate long-term debt, as well as internally generated funds. To the extent possible, this debt is normally financed in the same currency as the underlying project to be funded and the repayment terms are designed to match the cash flows expected from that project. A centralised treasury model enables Sasol to optimise the group’s cash and borrowing facilities wherever it is required.

For information regarding our debt and funding structure, refer “Integrated Report—Chief Financial Officer’s performance overview” as contained in Exhibit 99.3.

Capital resources

Sasol Financing Limited, Sasol Financing International Limited and Sasol Financing USA LLC act as our group’s financing vehicles. All our group treasury, cash management and borrowing activities are facilitated through Sasol Financing Limited, Sasol Financing International Limited and Sasol Financing USA LLC. The group executive committee (GEC) and senior management meet regularly, to review and, if appropriate, approve the implementation of optimal strategies for the effective management of the group’s financial risk.

Our cash requirements for working capital, share repurchases, capital expenditures, debt service charge and acquisitions over the past three years have been primarily financed through a combination of funds generated from operations, borrowings and asset disposals. In our opinion, our working capital is sufficient for our present requirements.

Our debt as at 30 June comprises the following.

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
​ | ​ | (Rand in millions)
Long-term debt, including current portion | ​ | 124 068 |  | 104 834 |  | 102 643
Lease liabilities, including current portion | ​ | 16 297 | ​ | 16 034 | ​ | 15 677
Short-term debt | ​ | 79 |  | 82 |  | 60
Bank overdraft | ​ | 159 |  | 173 |  | 243
Total debt | ​ | 140 603 |  | 121 123 |  | 118 623
Less cash (excluding cash restricted for use) | ​ | (51 214) |  | (40 577) |  | (28 981)
Net debt | ​ | 89 389 |  | 80 546 |  | 89 642

​

As at 30 June 2023, we had R2 712 million (2022— R2 563 million) in cash restricted for use. Refer to “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 26 Cash and cash equivalents” for a breakdown of amounts included in cash restricted for use.

The group has borrowing facilities with major financial institutions and debt securities of R184 004 million (2022— R164 745 million; 2021— R156 946 million). Of these facilities and debt instruments, R125 505 million (2022— R104 454 million; 2021—R102 295 million) has been utilised at year end.

Long-term debt of R124 068 million increased by R19 234 million compared to 2022 Refer to “Item 18— Financial Statements—Note 14 Long-term debt”, for a breakdown of our banking facilities and the utilisation thereof.

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Included in the above-mentioned borrowing facilities is our commercial paper programme of R15 000 million with R12 900 million in available facilities at 30 June 2023 and Commercial banking facilities with R8 200 million available facilities. Further, a RCF of R37 400 million is available to the group for further funding requirements.

The net debt: EBITDA ratio as at 30 June 2023 computed to 1.3 times, which was significantly below the covenant level.

Financial instruments and risk

Refer to “Item 11—Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk” for a breakdown of our liabilities summarised by fixed and floating interest rates.

Debt profile and covenants

The information set forth under “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 14 Long-term debt” is incorporated by reference.

Capital commitments

Refer “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 17 Property, plant and equipment”.

The discussion below includes forward-looking statements. For a discussion of factors that could cause actual results to differ from those expressed or implied in forward-looking statements, please refer to “Forward Looking Statements” above. You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements.

The PSA’s FDP was amended and approved by the GoM on 29 September 2020. The main objectives of the revised PSA development are to enable Central Térmica de Temane (CTT) gas supply, ensure economic production of the gas volumes in excess of those reserved for CTT by selling these to Sasol, optimise LPG production, optimise gas recovery by flexible development of gas reservoirs to ensure optimal field development and optimise liquids recovery. On 19 February 2021, the Board approved the final investment decision (FID) with an estimated project cost of US$760 million. The project execution has been delinked from CTT financial close and execution commenced in quarter three of calendar year 2021. CTT financial close occurred on 8 December 2021. The PSA project’s Initial Gas Production and Integrated Surface Facility schedules are tracking to plan with project cost also within approved commitments.

Contractual obligations/commitments.

The following significant undiscounted contractual obligations existed at 30 June 2023

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Total | ​ | Within | ​ | 1 to 5 | ​ | More than
Contractual obligations |  | amount |  | 1 year |  | years |  | 5 years
​ | ​ | (Rand in millions)
Bank overdraft |  | 159 |  | 159 |  | — |  | —
Capital commitments |  | 47 565 |  | 30 941 |  | 16 624 |  | —
Environmental and other obligations(2) |  | 18 132 |  | 2 601 |  | 6 060 |  | 9 471
External long-term debt(1) |  | 160 266 |  | 36 198 |  | 69 683 |  | 54 385
External short-term debt |  | 79 |  | 79 |  | — |  | —
Lease liabilities(1) |  | 34 111 |  | 3 261 | ​ | 8 923 | ​ | 21 927
Post-retirement healthcare obligations(2) |  | 3 827 |  | 300 | ​ | 1 041 | ​ | 2 486
Post-retirement pension obligations(2) |  | 8 229 |  | 413 | ​ | 1 518 | ​ | 6 298
Purchase commitments(3) |  | 325 869 | ​ | 54 692 | ​ | 98 035 | ​ | 173 142
​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Total |  | 598 237 |  | 128 644 |  | 201 884 |  | 267 709

(1)Include interest payments.

(2)Represents discounted values.

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(3) | The Group enters into off-take agreements as part of its normal operations which have minimum volume requirements (i.e. take or pay contracts). These purchase commitments consist primarily of agreements for procuring raw materials such as coal, gas and electricity.The most significant commitment relates to minimum off-take oxygen supply agreements for Secunda Operations of approximately R219 billion (2022: R88 billion). The increase is mainly due to the variable fee portion of the agreements that came into effect in October 2022. Additionally, Sasol South Africa Limited (SSA), together with Air Liquide Large Industries South Africa Proprietary Limited (ALLISA), signed six Power Purchase Agreements to date, with contractual terms of 20 years each, for the procurement of more than 600 MW of renewable energy from Independent Power Producers. The joint procurement of renewable energy by SSA and ALLISA is primarily aimed at the decarbonisation of the SO site. In addition, SSA has also signed a 20 year long-term power purchase agreement with Msenge Emoyeni Wind Farm Proprietary Limited for the procurement of 69 MW of wind-powered renewable power to our Sasolburg Operations.

Refer to “Item 18—Financial Statements—” Note 17 Property, plant and equipment” for significant capital commitments and “Note 30 Long-term provisions”.

5.C Research and development, patents and licences

Refer to the “Item 4.B—Business overview— Factors which the business depends on — Intellectual Property” for further information research and development, patents and licences.

5.D Trend information

Refer to the “Integrated Report—Chief Financial Officer’s statement” as contained in Exhibit 99.3.

5.E Critical Accounting Estimates

Not Applicable

​

​

​

ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

6.A Directors and senior management

The board of directors and senior management

| ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |
Name |  | Year Born |  | Position |  | Appointed to the Sasol Limited Board
M J Cuambe | ​ | 1962 | ​ | Independent non-executive Director | ​ | 1 June 2016
M B N Dube | ​ | 1972 | ​ | Independent non-executive Director | ​ | 1 April 2018
M Flöel | ​ | 1960 | ​ | Independent non-executive Director | ​ | 1 January 2018
F R Grobler | ​ | 1961 | ​ | Executive Director (President and Chief Executive Officer) | ​ | 1 November 2019
K C Harper | ​ | 1963 | ​ | Independent non-executive Director | ​ | 1 April 2020
V D Kahla | ​ | 1970 | ​ | Executive Director | ​ | 1 November 2019
G M B Kennealy | ​ | 1958 | ​ | Independent non-executive Director | ​ | 1 March 2017
N N A Matyumza | ​ | 1963 | ​ | Independent non-executive Director | ​ | 8 September 2014
M E K Nkeli | ​ | 1964 | ​ | Independent non-executive Director | ​ | 1 March 2017
S A Nkosi | ​ | 1954 | ​ | Independent non-executive Director | ​ | 1 May 2019
HA Rossouw | ​ | 1975 | ​ | Executive Director (Chief Financial Officer) | ​ | 1 July 2022
A Schierenbeck | ​ | 1966 | ​ | Independent non-executive Director | ​ | 1 January 2023
S Subramoney | ​ | 1958 | ​ | Independent non-executive Director | ​ | 1 March 2021
S Westwell | ​ | 1958 | ​ | Independent non-executive Director, Lead Independent Director | ​ | 1 June 2012

​

​

​

The following is biographical information on each of the persons listed above.

​

​

M J Cuambe
Nationality: | Mozambican
Qualifications: | BEng Post-graduate Certificate in Management Studies

Sasol Limited Board Committee Memberships: | Capital Investment and Digital Committee Safety, Social and Ethics Committee Remuneration Committee

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Mr Cuambe is the Managing Director of MC lnvestimentos and Consultoria. He served as the Executive Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Electricidade de Moçambique (EDM) from November 2005 to March 2012. He was the Chairman of Companhia Electrica do Zambeze, a wholly-owned subsidiary of EDM up to 30 May 2016. He was a Non-executive Director of Companhia de Transmissao de Mozambique, a joint venture between EDM, the Swaziland Electricity Company and Eskom, from 1998 to 2002. He served as the Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Southern Africa Power Pool from November 2005 to April 2008 and is currently an independent non-executive director of Standard Bank Mozambique.

​

M B N Dube
Nationality: | South African
Qualifications: | BA (Human Sciences) BA (Hons) (Politics) MSc (Environmental Change and Management)
Sasol Limited Board Committee Memberships: | Safety, Social and Ethics Committee (Chairman) Capital Investment and Digital Committee Nomination and Governance Committee

​

Ms Dube holds a MSc in Environmental Change and Management from Oxford University. She served in, among others, roles of Director: Atmospheric Protection and Chemicals Management at the then Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism, Chief Negotiator on behalf of the Government of the Republic of South Africa in climate change negotiations under the auspices of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Sustainability Manager at BHP Billiton, worked as Vice President at SFM, a London-based forestry and carbon business and held various positions at Anglo American. She was an Investment Banker at Investec plc, London, Group Commercial Director at Bidvest Group and the Chief Executive of Nozala Investments. She is a Non-executive Director of Control Risks in London, and other non-public companies: Bravo Brands, PG Group and is also a member of the audit committee of the PG Group and Chairman of the Audit Committee of Control Risks. She previously served as Non-executive Director of Vodacom South Africa, Bidvest Group Limited and Fluormin plc and Enviroserve.

​

​

M Flöel

Nationality: | German
Qualifications: | MSc (Chemistry) PhD (Chemistry)
Sasol Limited Board Committee Memberships: | Capital Investment and Digital Committee Remuneration Committee Safety, Social and Ethics Committee

​

Dr Flöel holds a MSc in Chemistry from the University of Frankfurt and a PhD in Chemistry from the Technische Universität München (University of Munich). With 30 years’ experience in the chemicals industry in roles covering chemical and process research and development, technical innovations, technologies, operations and industrial supply chain, she is a seasoned industrial leader. She concluded her executive leadership career as Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of OXEA Holdings. She served on the Board of Carl Bechem GmbH and NESTE.

​

​

F R Grobler
Nationality: | South African
Qualifications: | BEng (Mech) Advanced Executive Programme
Sasol Limited Board Committee Memberships: | Capital Investment and Digital Committee Safety, Social and Ethics Committee

​

Mr Grobler was appointed President and Chief Executive Officer of Sasol Limited on 1 November 2019. Prior to his appointment, he was Executive Vice President of Sasol’s Chemicals Business, based in Germany. His association with Sasol began as an engineering student in the early 1980s when he received a Sasol bursary before joining the Group in 1984. Since then, he has worked at most of Sasol’s operating facilities worldwide. In this time, he has been exposed to a broad range of business activities and has extensive experience in Sasol’s international businesses. In March 2010 he was appointed Managing Director of Sasol Olefins and Surfactants (now part of the Chemicals Business), based in Hamburg, Germany. He has been a member of the Sasol Group Executive Committee since 1 December 2013.

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​

K C Harper
Nationality: | American
Qualifications: | BSc (Industrial Management) MBA
Sasol Limited Board Committee Memberships: | Audit Committee

​

Ms Harper is a retired Chief Financial Officer of BDP International, a leading privately-held global logistics and transportation solutions company. She has an MBA and a certificate in cyber security oversight from the National Association of Corporate Directors She also serves as a non-executive director and audit committee chairman for Modine and for the American Lung Association. She has most recently served as the interim CFO of the Philadelphia Museum of Art. Prior to BDP she was the Chief Financial Officer of AgroFresh, a produce freshness solutions company. She has also served as the Chief Financial Officer of Tronox and the Chief Financial and Business Development Officer of Rio Tinto Diamonds and Minerals Group. She has served as an audit committee chairman for Lydall,) and non-executive director for Richards Bay Minerals in South Africa, as well as for Hydrogen Energy, a former Rio Tinto/BP joint venture in London.

​

​

V D Kahla
Nationality: | South African
Qualifications: | BA LLB
Sasol Limited Board Committee Memberships: | Capital Investment and Digital Committee Safety, Social and Ethics Committee

​

Mr Kahla was appointed to the Sasol Group Executive Committee on 1 January 2011 and is Sasol’s Executive Vice President: Strategy, Sustainability and Integrated Services. He also served as the Company Secretary of Sasol Limited between 2011 and 2019, prior to his appointment as a director of Sasol Limited to the Sasol Board in November 2019. Previously he served on the Group Executive Committee of Transnet SOC Limited and on the Africa Executive Committee of Standard Bank. He also held various roles in the Government of the Republic of South Africa, including Assistant Legal Advisor to President Nelson Mandela and Director responsible for Corporate Strategy and Transformation at the Department of Justice. He is an alumnus of the University of Cambridge’s Prince of Wales Programme on Sustainability Leadership,

and the Chairman of the Council of Rhodes University, South Africa.

​

G M B Kennealy
Nationality: | South African
Qualifications: | BCom (Accountancy) BCom (Accountancy) (Hons)
Sasol Limited Board Committee Memberships: | Audit Committee (Chairman) Capital Investment and Digital Committee Nomination and Governance Committee

​

Ms Kennealy qualified as a chartered accountant in 1982 and she served as the Chief Financial Officer of the South African Revenue Service from January 2009 until her retirement in December 2013. Before that she served as the Chief Operating Officer of Absa Corporate and Business Bank from 2006 to 2009. Her previous senior financial management positions were at Absa Bank, BHP Billiton South Africa, Samancor Chrome and Foodcorp. Ms Kennealy also chaired the Accounting Standards Board in South Africa from 2012 to 2018. She is the lead independent director of the Standard Bank Group and the chairman of its Audit and Remuneration committees. She also serves on the Board of Standard Bank of South Africa Limited.

​

​

N N A Matyumza
Nationality: | South African
Qualifications: | BCom BCompt (Hons) CA(SA) LLB
Sasol Limited Board Committee Memberships: | Audit Committee Remuneration Committee
Ms Matyumza is an Independent non-executive Director of Standard Bank Group Limited, The Standard Bank of South Africa Limited, Volkswagen South Africa (Pty) Ltd and Clicks Group Limited. She has held senior financial management and executive positions in various organisations, including South African Breweries, Transnet and Eskom. She is an ordained minister and director of the African Methodist Episcopal Church.

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M E K Nkeli
Nationality: | South African
Qualifications: | BSc (Environmental Science) MBA
Sasol Limited Board Committee Memberships: | Remuneration Committee (Chairman) Nomination and Governance Committee Safety, Social and Ethics Committee
Ms Nkeli served Vodacom Group Limited as the Chief Human Resource Officer responsible for Health, Safety, Environment and Facilities and was an Executive Director of Vodacom South Africa (Pty) Limited from 2011 to 2014, having previously served as the Group Human Resources Director of Alexander Forbes from 2005 until 2010. She also served as a Non-executive Director on the Boards of Ellerine Holdings Limited, African Bank Investments Limited and Life Healthcare Group Limited. Ms Nkeli is the executive chairman of Search Partners International and a member of the Board of Impala Platinum Holdings Limited. She also previously chaired the Commission for Employment Equity.

​

​

​ |
S A Nkosi
Nationality: | South African
Qualifications: | BCom BCom Economics (Hons) MBA
Sasol Limited Board Committee Memberships: | Nomination and Governance Committee (Chairman) Remuneration Committee ​
Mr Nkosi holds a BCom degree from the University of Zululand, a BCom (Econ) (Hons) degree from the University of South Africa (UNISA) and an MBA from the University of Massachusetts. With over 37 years’ experience in the South African resources industry, with his last role prior to retirement as the Chief Executive Officer of Exxaro Resources from 2006 – 2016. He has extensive experience in the operational, financial, logistics and marketing areas of the resources sector, and more specifically in the energy and coal sectors, both locally and internationally.

​

H A Rossouw
Nationality: | South African and British
Qualifications: | MBA BCom (Hons) BEng (Chem Eng)
Sasol Limited Board Committee Memberships: | Capital Investment and Digital Committee
Mr Rossouw joined Sasol in April 2022 and was appointed Chief Financial Officer and executive director of Sasol Limited on 1 July 2022. Prior to his appointment he served as the Chief Financial Officer and executive director of Royal Bafokeng Platinum from October 2018 to March 2022. ​ Previously, he was a portfolio manager at Investec Asset Management from 2013 to 2018 and, prior to that, the Chief Financial Officer of Xstrata Alloys. He also held a number of other senior roles at Xstrata plc in London that involved extensive strategy, mergers and acquisitions, business optimisation and capital markets experience. His career started as graduate engineer at Anglo American plc and he later also worked for Accenture and De Beers Group.

​

A Schierenbeck ​
Nationality: | German
Qualifications: | AMP (Applied Mathematics and Physics, MA, Electrical Engineering
Sasol Limited Board Committee Memberships: | Capital Investment and Digital Committee Safety, Social and Ethics Committee
Mr Schierenbeck obtained a degree in Applied Mathematics and Physics and an MA (Electrical Engineering). He is the founder and a director of HH2E, a green hydrogen company dedicated to producing green hydrogen for the German market. He was the Chief Executive Officer of international energy company Uniper between 2019 and 2021, where he shaped and started executing the company’s decarbonising strategy with the aim of decarbonising by 2035. Prior to joining Uniper, he was the Chief Executive Officer of ThyssenKrupp Elevator.

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S Subramoney
Nationality: | South African
Qualifications: | BCompt (Hons) (Accounting Science) CA (SA)
Sasol Limited Board Committee Memberships: | Audit Committee Remuneration Committee
Mr Subramoney has expertise in accounting and auditing and has worked for companies expanding into emerging economies. After qualifying as a Chartered Accountant he was appointed Audit Partner at PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) and thereafter, Deputy Chief Executive Officer for PwC Southern Africa and member of the Southern Africa Executive Committee. Throughout his 27 years in the audit profession, he led complex assignments including representing the firm in several African and global organisational structures. These roles provided him with extensive international exposure with global clients. He is currently the Chief Executive Officer of Menston Holdings, a black-owned diversified investment company established in 2015 which focuses on the food and agriculture, construction and technology sectors. He is also an independent non-executive director on Nedbank Group’s Board and is its Audit Committee Chairperson.

​

S Westwell
Nationality: | British
Qualifications: | BSc (Mech Eng) MSc (Management) MBA
Sasol Limited Board Committee Memberships: | Capital Investment and Digital Committee (Chairman) Audit Committee Nomination and Governance Committee Safety, Social and Ethics Committee
Mr Westwell is an independent director and member of the audit committee of Brookfield Renewable Partners L.P and Brookfield Renewable Corporation. He was the Chief Executive Officer of European Forecourt Retailers from 2015 to 2016 and of Silver Ridge Power Inc from 2013 to 2014. He held various management and executive positions for BP in South Africa, the United States, and the United Kingdom between 1988 and 2011. These executive positions included head of BP’s retail business in South Africa, Director of BP Southern Africa, Chief Executive Officer for BP Solar, and Chief Executive Officer for BP Alternative Energy. He served as Group Chief of Staff and member of BP Plc’s executive management team in the United Kingdom from 2008 to 2011. He has also worked for Eskom Holdings Limited in several operational capacities.

​

​

​

Senior management—experience

In addition to the three executive directors listed above, we have identified our senior management as the members of our Group Executive Committee GEC.

| ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |
| ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |
Name |  | Year Born |  | Position |  | Nationality |  | Year Appointed
S Baloyi | ​ | 1976 | ​ | Executive Vice President: Energy Operations and Technology | ​ | South African | ​ | 2022
H C Brand1 ​ | ​ | 1964 | ​ | Executive Vice President: Sasol 2.0 and Transformation | ​ | South African | ​ | 2019
B V Griffith | ​ | 1967 | ​ | Executive Vice President: Chemicals Business | ​ | American | ​ | 2019
B P Mabelane | ​ | 1973 | ​ | Executive Vice President: Energy Business | ​ | South African | ​ | 2020
C K Mokoena | ​ | 1965 | ​ | Executive Vice President: Human Resources and Stakeholder Relations | ​ | South African | ​ | 2017
C F Rademan | ​ | 1957 | ​ | Executive Vice President: Sasol Mining | ​ | South African | ​ | 2022
​ ​

​

​

1 Mr Brand retired on 30 June 2023.

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​ ​
S Baloyi MSc Eng (Chemical), MSc (Engineering management), Management Programme INSEAD Business School
Mr Baloyi was appointed as Executive Vice President, Energy Operations and Technology in 2022. He is responsible for Sasol’s entire Energy Operations portfolio which comprises all downstream operations and related infrastructure as well as Technology, Projects and Engineering, Procurement and Sasol EcoFT. This portfolio includes Sasol’s operating facilities in Secunda – which are divided into a synthetic fuel and a chemicals component, as well as in Sasolburg and Ekandustria. Natref, Sasol’s joint-venture inland refinery, is also in his area of responsibility. Since joining Sasol Group in 2002, and he has held various management positions in maintenance, technical and general management fields in Sasol’s South African Operations. He was the Vice President, Operations, Sasol Synfuels (the operations in Secunda) from 2015 to 2017, thereafter he was appointed as Vice President, Engineering, Centralised Maintenance and Operations. Subsequently he was appointed as the Senior Vice President, Secunda Chemicals Operations and Senior Vice President: Regional Operations and Asset Services prior to being appointed as Executive Vice President.

​

​

​ ​
H C Brand MEng (Mech), MBA
Mr Brand joined the Group in 1989 and during his career has held various leadership positions at most of Sasol’s South African operating facilities. He has been exposed to a broad range of business activities, including roles in project and plant operations, shared and site services, as Managing Director of Sasol Nitro(Sasol’s then explosives and fertiliser business), programme managing the 2013-2015 Sasol group-wide transformation and low oil price response, and group digitalisation programmes, and managing the Sasol group strategy and projects, engineering and technology functions. Mr Brand held executive responsibility for the programme managing Sasol 2.0 restructuring and the Sasol ecoFT business until his retirement on 30 June 2023.

​

​ ​
B V Griffith BSChE, MBA
Mr Griffith is based in Houston, Texas, United States. He is Sasol’s senior leader in North America and is responsible for Sasol’s Chemicals Business globally. He is accountable for maintaining safe, reliable and sustainable operations across multiple geographies, driving customer-led growth through innovative marketing and product development and extending sales. Prior to this appointment he was Senior Vice President for Sasol’s Performance Chemicals business from 2017 to 2019 and Base Chemicals business from 2014 to 2017. His Sasol career began in 1992 as an Engineer and during his more than 30-year career with the Group he has held various positions and leadership roles in the United States, Europe and South Africa.

​

​ ​
B P Mabelane BCom (Hons), CA (SA), PGD Accounting, HDip Tax
Ms Mabelane is responsible for upstream and downstream gas activities as well as distribution, marketing and sales of liquid fuels in Southern Africa. She is leading strategy formulation and delivery of the Energy Business. Previously she worked at Eskom, where she held key roles in finance, tax and general management. She also served as the Operations Director for British Petroleum (BP) UK’s retail business. In 2011, she joined BP Southern Africa as its Chief Financial Officer. Six years later, she was appointed as its CEO.
​ ​

​

C K Mokoena BA Honours(Human Resources Development B Social Sciences), MCom (Leadership Studies) (Cum Laude)
Ms Mokoena is responsible for the design of global human resources strategies, policies and frameworks at Sasol that enable the organisation to attract, develop and retain key talent. She also focuses on stakeholder relations. Prior to her current role, Ms Mokoena was Human Resources Executive at Tongaat Hulett Limited. She held this position from July 2013. Before this, Ms Mokoena spent 11 years at Telkom South Africa Limited, during which time she held several senior positions spanning the human resources, business consulting and customer services discipline, including Chief of HR and Group Executive: Customer experience management.

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C F Rademan B.Eng (Mech), MBL, LDP
Mr Rademan joined the Group initially in 1981 and retired in 2017 as an Executive Vice President and Group Executive Committee member accountable for various enterprise functions and businesses in the Group including Sasol Mining. During this period, he was also accountable for the Phoenix restructuring programme – the Group-wide transformation and low oil price response programme. He re-joined Sasol in March 2022 and is the responsible Executive Vice President, Sasol Mining.

​

Family relationship

There are no family relationships between any of our non-executive directors, executive directors or members of our GEC.

Other arrangements

None of our non-executive directors, executive directors or GEC members or other key management personnel is elected or appointed under any arrangement or understanding with any major shareholder, customer, supplier or otherwise.

6.B Compensation

Refer to our Remuneration Report filed as Exhibit 99.2 for details of our directors and senior management compensation.

Long-term incentive schemes applicable to executive directors and senior management

For details regarding our long-term incentive schemes applicable to executive directors and senior management named in Item 6.A—Directors and senior management, refer to our Remuneration Report filed as Exhibit 99.2.

6.C Board practices

Refer to “Item 6.A—Directors and senior management” for our board of directors and information with respect to their terms of office. Refer to our Remuneration Report filed as Exhibit 99.2 for details of our directors’ and senior management service contracts and benefits upon termination of employment.

Refer to “Integrated Report—Governance” as contained in Exhibit 99.7 for details relating to our audit and remuneration committees, as well as the names of committee members; and refer to the “Terms of Reference—Audit Committee and Remuneration Committee” as contained in Exhibit 99.9.2 for summaries of the terms of reference under which these committees operate.

6.D Employees

The information set forth under “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 4 Employee-related expenditure” is incorporated by reference.

Remuneration of directors and key personnel is contained in the Remuneration Report, contained in Exhibit 99.2.

Our workforce’s geographic location composition at 30 June is presented below.

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Region |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
​ |  | Number of employees
South Africa | ​ | 24 475 |  | 24 210 |  | 24 194
Europe | ​ | 2 614 |  | 2 535 |  | 2 856
North America | ​ | 1 327 |  | 1 271 |  | 1 271
Other | ​ | 657 |  | 614 |  | 628
Total | ​ | 29 073 |  | 28 630 |  | 28 949

​

6.E. Share ownership

Refer to our Remuneration Report filed as Exhibit 99.2 for details of share ownership of executive directors and senior management.

ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

7.A Major shareholders

Refer to “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 13 Share Capital” for the authorised and issued share capital of Sasol Limited.

To the best of our knowledge, Sasol Limited is not directly or indirectly owned or controlled by another corporation or the government of South Africa, or any other government. We believe that no single person or entity holds a controlling interest in our securities.

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In accordance with the requirements of the South African Companies Act 71 of 2008 (Companies Act), the following beneficial shareholdings equal to or exceeding 5% of the total issued securities during the last three years were disclosed or established from inquiries as of 30 June 2023.

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
​ |  | Number |  | ​ |  | Number |  | ​ |  | Number |  | ​
​ | ​ | of | ​ | % of | ​ | of | ​ | % of | ​ | of | ​ | % of
​ | ​ | shares | ​ | securities | ​ | shares | ​ | securities | ​ | shares | ​ | securities
GEPF(1) | ​ | 119 904 480 | ​ | 18.72 |  | 112 967 576 | ​ | 17.77 |  | 107 391 458 | ​ | 16.93
IDC(2) | ​ | 53 266 887 | ​ | 8.31 |  | 53 266 887 | ​ | 8.38 |  | 53 266 887 | ​ | 8.4

(1) | Government Employees Pension Fund (GEPF).

(2) | Industrial Development Corporation of South Africa Limited (IDC).

The voting rights of major shareholders do not differ from the voting rights of other shareholders.

As of 31 July 2023, 29 020 464 Sasol ordinary shares, or approximately 4.57 % of our total issued securities, were held in the form of ADRs. As of 31 July 2023, 283 record holders in the US held approximately 15.78 % of our total issued securities in the form of either Sasol ordinary shares or ADRs.

7.B Related party transactions

There have been no material transactions during the most recent three years, other than as described below, nor are there proposed to be any material transactions at present to which we or any of our subsidiaries are or were a party and in which any senior executive or director, or 10% shareholder, or any relative or spouse thereof or any relative of such spouse, who shared a home with this person, or who is a director or executive officer of any parent or subsidiary of ours, had or is to have a direct or indirect material interest. Furthermore, during our three most recent years, there has been no, and at 30 June 2023 there was no, outstanding indebtedness to us or any of our subsidiaries owed by any of our executive or independent directors or any associate thereof.

During this financial year, Sasol group of companies, in the ordinary course of business, entered into various purchase and sale transactions with associates, joint ventures and certain other related parties. The effect of these transactions is included in the financial performance and results of the Sasol group. Terms and conditions are determined on an arm’s length basis.

Amounts due to and from related parties are disclosed in the respective notes to the financial statements for the respective statement of financial position line items. Refer to “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 35 Related party transactions” for further details.

7.C Interests of experts and counsel

Not applicable.

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

8.A Consolidated statements and other financial information

Refer “Item 18—Financial Statements” for our financial statements, related notes and other financial information.

Dividend policy

CHEPS serves as a reference for deciding on the dividend amount. The Company’s dividend policy also takes into consideration various factors, including overall market and economic conditions, the group’s financial position, capital investment plans as well as earnings growth.

We apply a dividend policy to pay dividends with a dividend cover range based on CHEPS. CHEPS reflects the sustainable business operations and is used by the board of directors to measure the business and financial performance. When we make a decision on dividends, we take a number of factors into account. These include the impact of the current volatile macroeconomic environment, capital investment plans, the current strength of the Company’s balance sheet, and the dividend cover range in line with our capital allocation framework.

Refer to “Item 10.B—Memorandum and articles of association—3. Rights and privileges of holders of our securities”.

Legal proceedings

For information regarding our legal proceedings refer to “Item 4.B—Business overview—Legal proceedings and other contingencies”.

8.B Significant changes

Refer to “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 36 Subsequent events”.

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ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING

9.A Offer and listing details

The principal trading market for our shares is the JSE. Our ADSs have been listed on the NYSE since 9 April 2003, each representing one common ordinary share of no par value, under the symbol “SSL”. J.P. Morgan is acting as the depositary for our ADSs and issues our ADRs in respect of our ADSs.

9.B Plan of distribution

Not applicable.

9.C Markets

Refer to “Item 9.A—Offer and listing details” above for further information.

9.D Selling shareholders

Not applicable.

9.E Dilution

Not applicable.

9.F Expenses of the issue

Not applicable.

ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

10.A Share capital

Not applicable.

10.B Memorandum and articles of association

1. Registration number, and object and purpose of the Company

The Company is registered in South Africa at the Companies and Intellectual Property Commission under registration number 1979/003231/06.

Refer to “Item 10.B” of our registration statement pursuant to section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, filed with the SEC on 6 March 2003 (the Registration Statement) for the object and purpose of the Company. The objects and purpose are not specifically contained in the Company’s constitution,

its memorandum of incorporation (MOI). Instead, the Company has been given the powers and capacity of an individual, that is to say its powers and capacity, subject to the Companies Act, are unlimited (clause 4.1) and may do anything which the Companies Act and the JSE Listings Requirements empower it to do if so authorised by its MOI (clause 4.3).

The last time the Company’s MOI was amended was on 02 December 2022 by way of a shareholders’ special resolution at the Company’s annual general meeting, filed on the Form S-8 Registration Statement under the Securities Act 8 of 1933 on March 2023.

See Exhibit 1.1 for the Company’s latest MOI.

2. Summary of the MOI with respect to directors

Director’s power to vote in respect of matters in which a director has a material interest. In terms of our MOI and the Companies Act, a director who has a personal financial interest in respect of a matter to be considered at a board meeting, or knows that a related person has a personal financial interest in the matter, may not vote on the matter and must, after giving his/her full views on the matter, recuse himself/herself from the meeting. In terms of our board charter directors are appointed on the express agreement that they may be removed by the board of directors if and when they develop an actual or prospective material, enduring conflict of interest with the Company or another group company. There are no general qualification requirements either in South African law or in the MOI for directors to hold shares in the Company.

Directors’ power to vote on remuneration for themselves.No powers are conferred by our MOI, or by any other means, on the directors who are employees of the Company, to vote on their own remuneration or in the instance of directors in the absence of a disinterested quorum of directors.

Borrowing powers exercisable by directors. Clause 26.2 of our MOI provides that the directors may borrow money and secure the payment or repayment thereof upon terms and conditions which they may deem fit in all respects and, in particular, through the issue of debentures which bind as security all or any part of the property of the Company, both current and future. The borrowing powers may be varied by our shareholders passing a special resolution amending the MOI to that effect.

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Age limit requirement. There is no mandatory retirement age for directors in South African law or in our MOI.

General qualification requirements for directors to hold shares in the Company. There are no general qualification requirements either in South African law or in the MOI for directors to hold shares in the Company.

3. Rights and privileges of holders of our securities

General

We have ordinary shares and Sasol BEE ordinary shares in issue which rank pari passu in all respects as to voting and financial interests. The only difference between them in principle is that anyone may own ordinary shares but Sasol BEE ordinary shares may only be owned by persons who meet certain B-BBEE credentials. In order to meet such credentials such person must, inter alia, be a South African citizen.

Dividend rights, including any time limit after which dividend entitlement lapses and an indication of the party in whose favour this entitlement operates. In terms of our MOI, the Company may make any type of distributions, including in specie distributions and distributions of capital. Only once a dividend is declared by the board of directors, does a shareholder have a right to receive a dividend which may be enforced against the Company.

For more information regarding the payment of dividends on ordinary shares and to holders of ADRs, refer to our Registration Statement.

In terms of the Companies Act, no dividend may be paid unless it reasonably appears that the Company will satisfy the solvency and liquidity test as defined in the Companies Act immediately after completing the proposed distribution; and the board of directors, by resolution, has acknowledged that it has applied the solvency and liquidity test and has reasonably concluded that the Company’s assets equal or exceed the liabilities of the Company and that the Company will be able to pay its debts as they become due in the ordinary course of business for a period of 12 months following the payment of the dividend. If the board of directors resolves that the solvency and liquidity test has been passed, the board of directors may declare a dividend but it must be paid within 120 business days, failing which it is necessary again for the

board of directors to consider the solvency and liquidity test.

A dividend entitlement lapses if it is unclaimed by any shareholder for a period of not less than 12 years and the board of directors resolves that it be forfeited. If a dividend is forfeited, it belongs to the Company.

For further information on our dividend policy, see “Item 8.A—Consolidated statements and other financial information” and our Registration Statement.

Voting rights including whether directors stand for re-election at staggered intervals and the impact of that arrangement where cumulative voting is permitted or required. Each Sasol BEE ordinary share ranks pari passu with each ordinary share in relation to the right to vote at shareholders’ meetings of the Company.

Our directors are elected by our shareholders at the annual general meeting. Broadly speaking a third of the directors retire each year in rotation but are eligible for re-election however, no director’s term of office shall exceed 12 years. The election is carried out in a series of votes on the candidacy of a single individual to fill a single vacancy. For more details regarding the rotation of directors, see information provided in our Registration Statement.

For details regarding shareholders voting rights, see information provided in our Registration Statement.

Shareholder right to share in the Company profits. There is no absolute right for shareholders to share in profits. They are dependent upon the directors declaring dividends or other distributions

Rights to surplus in the event of liquidation. The ordinary shares and the Sasol BEE ordinary shares each rank pari passu if there is a surplus on winding up.

Redemption provision. There are no redemption provisions relating to the ordinary shares and the Sasol BEE ordinary shares.

Sinking funds. There are no sinking funds.

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Liability for further capital calls by the Company. The Companies Act allows for partly paid shares to be issued under certain circumstances. The Company is prohibited by our MOI from making use of these provisions.

There are no other types of capital calls which the Company could make against its shareholders

Discriminatory provisions against substantial shareholders. There are no discriminatory provisions in our MOI against any holder of shares as a result of such holder owning a substantial number of shares in the Company.

4. Changing rights of holders of shares

In terms of our MOI, the rights attached to any shares or the conversion of any of our shares (whether issued or not) into shares of another class, may only be effected by a change to the MOI by special resolution.

If the rights, privileges or conditions of any class of shareholders will be adversely affected, then provision is made in the MOI for a separate class meeting of the holders of such class of shares. There is no such requirement in the Companies Act.

In addition, shareholders have appraisal rights under the Companies Act if we amend our MOI by altering the preferences, rights, limitations or other terms of any class of our shares in a manner that is materially adverse to the rights or interests of holders of that class of shares. If the requirements contemplated under the Companies Act for establishing an appraisal right are complied with, the shareholder concerned effectively has the right to be bought out by the Company at fair value.

5. General meeting of shareholders including conditions of admission

The annual general meeting is convened and held in the same manner as any other general meeting. All meetings are general meetings, save for the annual general meeting.

In terms of the Companies Act, the board of directors or any other person specified in the Company’s MOI, including a shareholder/s holding not less than 10% of the voting rights attached to the shares, may call a shareholders’ meeting at any time. A written and signed demand to convene a shareholders meeting must describe the specific purpose for which

the meeting is proposed. The MOI only permits the board of directors or the company secretary (in lieu of the board of directors) and a shareholders/s holding not less than 10% of the voting rights attached to the shares, to convene a shareholders’ meeting.

If the Company is unable to convene a meeting because it has no directors, then in terms of our MOI, any single shareholder entitled to vote may convene a meeting.

If the Company fails to convene a meeting in accordance with its MOI, or as required by the shareholders holding in the aggregate at least 10% of the voting rights as set out above, or within the time periods as required, any shareholder may apply to court for an order to convene a shareholders meeting on a date and subject to such terms as a court considers appropriate.

In terms of our MOI, we are required to deliver written notice of shareholders’ meetings to each shareholder and each beneficial holder (being a person whose name is not on the share register but who has the ultimate right to receive distributions or direct how the shares in question are voted or direct when the shares in question are to be disposed of) at least 15 business days before a meeting. The Companies Act also stipulates that delivery of a notice will be deemed to have taken place on the seventh calendar day following the day on which the notice was posted by way of registered post.

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Before a person will be allowed to attend or participate at shareholder meetings in person or by proxy, that person must present reasonably satisfactory identification and the person presiding at the meeting must reasonably satisfy himself/herself that the right of the person to attend as shareholder or proxy has been verified. Meetings of shareholders may be attended by any person who holds shares in the Company and whose name has been entered into our securities register and any person who is entitled to exercise any voting rights in relation to the Company. Any person entitled to attend and to vote at any meeting may appoint a proxy/ies in writing to attend and to vote at such meeting on his/her/its behalf. In respect of shares which are not subject to the rules of a central securities depository, and in respect of which a person holds a beneficial interest which includes the right to vote on a matter, that beneficial holder may attend and vote on a matter at a meeting of shareholders, but only if that person’s name has been entered in our register of disclosures as the holder of that beneficial interest. Shareholders who have dematerialised their shares other than on an own name basis, are required to contact their Central Securities Depository Participant, as the case may be, for assistance to attend and vote at meetings.

In terms of our MOI, the quorum necessary for the commencement of a shareholders meeting shall be sufficient persons present at the meeting to exercise, in aggregate, at least 25% of all the voting rights that are entitled to be exercised in respect of at least one matter to be decided at the shareholders meeting but the shareholders’ meeting may not begin unless at least three persons entitled to vote are present. In terms of our MOI, if the required quorum of shareholders is not present within 30 minutes from the time appointed for the meeting to begin, the meeting will be postponed to the next business day and if at such adjourned shareholders’ meeting a quorum is not present within 15 minutes from the time appointed for the shareholders’ meeting, then the persons entitled to vote present shall be deemed to be the requisite quorum. In terms of the Companies Act, no further notice is required of a postponed or adjourned meeting unless the location is different from that of the postponed or adjourned meeting, or is different from a location announced at the time of an adjourned meeting.

See our Registration Statement for more information with respect to the holding of an annual general meeting and the proceedings at the annual general meeting.

6. Limitations on the rights to own shares

Non-South African shareholders are treated no differently from South African shareholders as to the ownership of shares under the Company’s MOI. However, Sasol BEE ordinary shares may only be owned by persons who must, inter alia, be South African citizens.

See our Registration Statement for more information with respect to the rights of non-South African shareholders.

7. Provisions of the Company’s MOI that would have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control or merger or corporate restructuring

There are no provisions in our MOI which could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control of the Company and that would operate only with respect to a merger, acquisition or corporate restructuring involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries, save perhaps that the requirement that the ownership of Sasol BEE ordinary shares is restricted to certain persons.

8. Disclosure of ownership threshold

The JSE Listings Requirements require a listed company to disclose in its annual financial statements the interest of any shareholder, other than a director, who, insofar as it is known to the company, is directly or indirectly beneficially interested in 5% or more of any class of the company’s capital.

9. Effect of the South African law

With respect to items 2 through 8 above, the effect of the South African law applicable to our company has been explained in those paragraphs.

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10. Stricter conditions imposed by the MOI than the South African law governing changes in the capital of the Company

The requirements of our MOI are stricter than the South African law in that:

| ● | the directors do not have the power to issue authorised shares (other than capitalisation shares) without the approval of an ordinary resolution or a special resolution being passed by the shareholders, depending on which is required by our MOI.

| ● | the board of directors does not have the power to amend the authorisation (including increasing or decreasing the number) and classification of shares (including determining rights, limitations and preferences) which is permitted under the Companies Act, without the authority of a special resolution; and

| ● | the permission under the Companies Act to allow rights, privileges or conditions attaching to any class of shares to vary in response to any objectively ascertainable external fact/s, is excluded under our MOI.

10.C Material contracts

We do not have any material contracts, other than contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business.

10.D Exchange controls

South African exchange control regulations are administered by the FSD of the South African Reserve Bank and are applied throughout the Common Monetary Area (CMA) (South Africa, the Kingdoms of Lesotho and eSwatini and the Republic of Namibia) and regulate transactions involving South African residents, as defined in the Exchange Control Rulings, including natural persons and legal entities.

The following is a general outline of South African exchange controls. The comments below relate to exchange controls in force at the date of this annual report. These controls are subject to change at any time without notice. Investors should consult a professional advisor as to the exchange control implications of their particular investments.

Foreign financing and investments

Foreign debt. We, and our South African subsidiaries, require approval by the FSD to obtain foreign loans with recourse to South Africa.

Funds raised outside the CMA by our non-resident subsidiaries, i.e. a non-resident for exchange control purposes, are not restricted under South African exchange control regulations and may be used for any purpose including foreign investment, as long as such use is without recourse to South Africa. We, and our South African subsidiaries, would, however, require approval by the FSD in order to provide guarantees for the obligations of any of our subsidiaries with regard to funds obtained from nonresidents of the CMA.

Debt raised outside the CMA by our non-resident subsidiaries must be repaid or serviced by those foreign subsidiaries. Without approval by the FSD, we can neither use cash we earn in South Africa to repay or service such foreign debts nor can we provide security on behalf of our non-resident subsidiaries.

We may retain dividends declared by our foreign subsidiaries offshore which we may use for any purpose, without any recourse to South Africa. These funds may, subject to certain conditions, also be invested back into the CMA in the form of equity investments or loans.

Raising capital overseas. A listing by a South African company on any stock exchange requires prior approval by the FSD.

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Under South African exchange control regulations, we must obtain approval from the FSD regarding any capital raising activity involving a currency other than the rand. In granting its approval, the FSD may impose conditions on our use of the proceeds of the capital raising activity outside South Africa, including limits on our ability to retain the proceeds of this capital raising activity outside South Africa or a requirement that we seek further approval by the FSD prior to applying any of these funds to any specific use.

Foreign investments. Under current exchange control regulations, we, and our South African subsidiaries, require approval, either by Authorised Dealers or the FSD to invest offshore.

Although there is no limitation placed on us with regard to the amount of funds that we can transfer from South Africa for an approved foreign investment, the FSD may, however, request us to stagger the capital outflows relating to large foreign investments in order to limit the impact of such outflows on the South African economy and the foreign exchange market.

The FSD also requires us to provide it with an annual report, which will include the results, of all our foreign subsidiaries.

Investment in South African companies

Inward investment. As a general rule, a foreign investor may invest freely in shares in a South African company. Foreign investors may also sell shares in a South African company and transfer the proceeds out of South Africa without restriction. Acquisitions of shares or assets of South African companies by non-South African purchasers are not generally subject to review by the FSD when the consideration is in cash, but may require review by the FSD in certain circumstances, including when the consideration is equity in a non-South African company or when the acquisition is financed by a loan from a South African lender.

Dividends. There are no exchange control restrictions on the remittance of dividends declared out of trading profits to non-residents of the CMA. However, residents of the CMA may under no circumstances have dividends paid outside the CMA without specific approval from the FSD.

Transfer of shares and ADSs. Under South African exchange control regulations, our shares and ADSs are freely transferable outside South Africa among persons who are not residents of the CMA. Additionally, where shares are sold on the JSE on behalf of our shareholders who are not residents of the CMA, the proceeds of such sales will be freely exchangeable into foreign currency and remittable to them. The FSD may also require a review to establish that the shares have been sold at market value and at arm’s length. While share certificates held by non-resident shareholders will be endorsed with the words “non-resident”, such endorsement will, however, not be applicable to ADSs held by non-resident shareholders

10.E Taxation

South African taxation

Corporate Income Tax

The following discussion summarises the South African (SA) tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of shares or ADSs by a US holder (as defined below). This summary is based upon current SA tax law and the convention that has been concluded between the governments of the US and SA for the avoidance of double taxation and the prevention of fiscal evasion with respect to taxes on income and capital gains, signed on 17 February 1997 (the Treaty). In addition, this summary is based in part upon representations of the depositary (J.P. Morgan, as depositary for our ADSs), and assumes that each obligation provided for in, or otherwise contemplated by the Deposit Agreement and any related agreement, will be performed in accordance with its respective terms.

The summary of the SA tax considerations does not address the tax consequences to a US holder that is resident in SA for SA tax purposes or whose holding of shares or ADSs is effectively connected with a permanent establishment in SA through which such US holder carries on business activities. It equally does not address the scenario where the US holder is not the beneficial recipient of the dividends or returns or, where the source of the transaction is deemed to be in SA, the recipient is not entitled to the full benefits under the Treaty or, in the case of an individual who performs independent person services, who has a fixed base situated in SA.

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The statements of law set forth below are subject to any changes (which may be applied retroactively) in SA law or in the interpretation thereof by the SA tax authorities, or in the Treaty, occurring after the date hereof. Holders are strongly urged to consult their own tax advisors as to the consequences under SA, US federal, state and local, and other applicable laws, of the ownership and disposition of shares or ADSs.

Taxation of dividends

A dividends tax was introduced in S A with effect from 1 April 2012. In terms of these provisions, a dividends tax at the rate of 20% currently is levied on any dividend paid by a company to a shareholder. The liability to pay such dividends tax is on the shareholder, even though the company generally acts as a withholding agent. In the case of listed shares, the regulated intermediary (being the Central Securities Depository Participant referred to below) is liable to withhold the dividends tax.

In the absence of any renegotiation of the Treaty, the tax on the dividends paid to a US holder with respect to shares or ADSs, is limited to 5% of the gross amount of the dividends where a US corporate holder holds directly at least 10% of the voting stock of Sasol. The maximum dividends tax rate is equal to 15% of the gross amount of the dividends in all other cases. The applicable administrative forms need to be completed by the US holder and received by the regulated intermediary by the date of payment of the dividend.

The definition of a dividend currently means any amount, other than a dividend consisting of a distribution of an asset in specie declared and paid as contemplated in section 31(3), transferred or applied by a company that is a resident (including Sasol) for the benefit or on behalf of any person in respect of any share in that company, whether that amount is transferred or applied by way of a distribution made by the company, or as consideration for the acquisition of any share in that company. It specifically excludes any amount transferred or applied by the company that results in a reduction of so-called contributed tax capital (CTC) or constitutes shares in the company or constitutes an acquisition by the company of its own securities by way of a general repurchase of securities in terms of the JSE Listings Requirements. A distinction is thus made between a general repurchase of securities and a specific repurchase of securities. If the Company embarks upon a general repurchase of securities, the proceeds are not deemed to be a dividend whereas, in the case of a specific repurchase of securities where the purchase price is not funded out of CTC, the proceeds are likely to constitute a dividend.

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Taxation of gains on sale or other disposition

SA introduced a tax on capital gains effective 1 October 2001, which applies to SA residents and only to non-residents if the sale is attributable to a permanent establishment in SA of the non-resident or if it relates to an interest in immovable property in SA. With effect from 1 October 2007, gains realised on the sale of ordinary shares are automatically deemed to be on capital account, and therefore, subject to capital gains tax, if the ordinary shares have been held for a continuous period of at least three years by the holder thereof. This deeming provision is limited to ordinary shares and does not extend to preference shares or ADSs. The meaning of the word “resident” is different for individuals and corporations and is governed by the SA Income Tax Act, 58 of 1962 (the Income Tax Act) and by the Treaty. In the event of conflict, the Treaty, which contains a tie breaker clause or mechanism to determine residency if a holder is resident in both countries, will prevail. In terms of the Income Tax Act and the Treaty, a US resident holder of shares or ADSs will not be subject to capital gains tax on the disposal of securities held as capital assets unless the securities are linked to a permanent establishment conducted in SA. In contrast, gains on the disposal of securities which are not capital in nature are usually subject to income tax. However, even in the latter case, a US resident holder will not be subject to income tax unless the US resident holder carries on business in SA through a permanent establishment situated therein. In such a case, this gain may be subject to tax in SA, but only so much as is attributable generally to that permanent establishment.

Dividend stripping and anti-avoidance rules relating to share buy-backs

Anti-avoidance rules relating to share buy backs and dividend stripping were strengthened effective from 19 July 2017 and subsequent years to address avoidance mechanisms utilised to erode the value of the shares through distribution of dividends prior to the disposal of shares. Such anti-avoidance dividend rules apply to situations where excessive dividends are declared prior to disposal of shares and only to the extent that such dividends are treated as exempt dividend therefore not subject to dividend withholding tax. Where exempt dividends qualify as extraordinary dividends, the exempt dividends are re-characterised as proceeds for capital gains tax purposes or revenue for income tax purposes resulting in an increased tax liability for the seller of the shares.

Securities transfer tax

With effect from 1 July 2008, a single security transfer tax of 0,25% was introduced and is applicable to all secondary transfers of shares. No securities transfer tax (STT) is payable on the issue of securities, even though it is payable on the redemption of securities. STT is payable in South Africa regardless of whether the transfer is executed within or outside South Africa. A transfer of a dematerialised share can only occur in South Africa.

A security is also defined as a depositary receipt in a company. Accordingly, STT is payable on the transfer of a depositary receipt issued by a company. Generally, the central securities depository that has been accepted as a participant in terms of the Financial Markets Act, 19 of 2012 (that commenced on 3 June 2013) is liable for the payment of the STT, on the basis that the STT is recoverable from the person to whom the security is transferred.

Withholding taxes

A withholding tax on interest at the rate of 15% is currently applicable. This withholding tax is reduced to zero percent in terms of the Treaty to the extent that the interest is derived and beneficially owned by a resident of the other Contracting State (i.e. state/ party to a bilateral double taxation agreement). The administrative compliance obligation must be adhered to prior to the payment of the interest to benefit from the Treaty rate.

A withholding tax on royalties at the rate of 15% is currently applicable. This withholding tax is reduced to zero percent in terms of the Treaty to the extent that the royalty is derived and beneficially owned by a resident of the other Contracting State. The administrative compliance obligation must be adhered to prior to the payment of the interest to benefit from the Treaty rate.

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Transfer pricing and Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project

Transfer pricing was introduced in South Africa in 1995, and the transfer pricing principles adopted largely follow the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (the OECD) guidelines on transfer pricing. The main requirement is to ensure that a transaction is concluded at arm’s length and that the transfer pricing between group entities is also at arm’s length (also known as the ‘arm’s length principle’).

The OECD guidelines prescribe methodologies for determining arm’s length pricing which have been adopted by many countries including South Africa for their local transfer pricing regulation.

Where there is a deviation from the arm’s length principle, the price charged between group entities (where one of those entities is a tax resident) which is different from what would have been concluded at an arm’s length basis between unrelated persons and to tax the entity concerned is adjusted to increase the taxable income of the tax resident (also known as a primary adjustment). In addition, the adjusted amount is also deemed to be a dividend (also referred to as a secondary adjustment) that will be subject to dividend withholding tax, as well as the relevant penalties and interest are levied should such an adjustment occur.

United States federal income taxation

The following is a general summary of the material US federal income tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of shares or ADSs to a US holder (as defined below) that holds its shares or ADSs as capital assets. This summary is based on US tax laws, including the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), Treasury regulations, rulings, judicial decisions, administrative pronouncements, all as of the date of this annual report, and all of which are subject to change or changes in interpretation, possibly with retroactive effect. In addition, this summary is based in part upon the representations of the Depositary and the assumption that each obligation in the Deposit Agreement relating to the ADSs and any related agreement will be performed in accordance with its terms.

US holders are strongly urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the specific US federal, state and local tax consequences of owning and disposing of shares or ADSs in light of their particular circumstances as well as any consequences arising under the laws of any other taxing jurisdiction. In particular, US holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding whether they are eligible for benefits under the Treaty.

This summary does not address all aspects of US federal income taxation that may apply to holders that are subject to special tax rules, including US expatriates, insurance companies, tax-exempt organisations, banks, financial institutions, regulated investment companies, persons subject to the alternative minimum tax or the 3.8% Medicare tax on net investment income, securities broker-dealers, traders in securities who elect to apply a mark-to-market method of accounting, persons holding their shares or ADSs as part of a straddle, hedging transaction or conversion transaction, persons who acquired their shares or ADSs pursuant to the exercise of employee stock options or similar derivative securities or otherwise as compensation, persons who directly or indirectly hold more than 10% of Sasol’s shares (by vote or value), partnerships or other pass-through entities or arrangements or persons whose functional currency is not the US dollar. Such holders may be subject to US federal income tax consequences different from those set forth below.

As used herein, the term “US holder” means a beneficial owner of shares or ADSs that is:

| (a) | a citizen or individual resident of the US for US federal income tax purposes;

| (b) | a corporation (or other entity taxable as a corporation for US federal income tax purposes) created or organised in or under the laws of the US, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;

| (c) | an estate whose income is subject to US federal income taxation regardless of its source; or

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| (d) | a trust if a court within the US can exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more US persons are authorised to control all substantial decisions of the trust.

If a partnership (or other entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for US federal income tax purposes) holds shares or ADSs, the tax treatment of a partner generally will depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. A partner in a partnership that holds shares or ADSs is urged to consult its own tax advisor regarding the specific tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of the shares or ADSs.

For US federal income tax purposes, a US holder of ADSs should be treated as owning the underlying shares represented by those ADSs. The following discussion (except where otherwise expressly noted) applies equally to US holders of shares and US holders of ADSs. Furthermore, deposits or withdrawals of shares by a US holder for ADSs or ADSs for shares will not be subject to US federal income tax.

Taxation of distributions

Distributions (without reduction of South African withholding taxes, if any) made with respect to shares or ADSs (other than certain pro rata distributions of Sasol’s capital stock or rights to subscribe for shares of Sasol’s capital stock) are includible in the gross income of a US holder as foreign source dividend income on the date such distributions are received by the US holder, in the case of shares, or by the Depositary, in the case of ADSs, to the extent paid out of Sasol’s current or accumulated earnings and profits, if any, as determined for US federal income tax purposes (earnings and profits). Any distribution that exceeds Sasol’s earnings and profits will be treated first as a non-taxable return of capital to the extent of the US holder’s tax basis in the shares or ADSs (thereby reducing a US holder’s tax basis in such shares or ADSs) and thereafter as either long-term or short-term capital gain (depending on whether the US holder has held shares or ADSs, as applicable, for more than one year as of the time such distribution is actually or constructively received).

The amount of any distribution paid in foreign currency, including the amount of any South African withholding tax thereon, will be included in the gross income of a US holder in an amount equal to the US dollar value of the foreign currency calculated by reference to the spot rate in effect on the date the dividend is actually or constructively received by the US holder, in the case of shares, or by the Depositary, in the case of ADSs, regardless of whether the foreign currency is converted into US dollars at such time. If the foreign currency is converted into US dollars on the date of receipt, a US holder of shares generally should not be required to recognise foreign currency gain or loss in respect of the dividend. If the foreign currency received in the distribution is not converted into US dollars on the date of receipt, a US holder of shares will have a basis in the foreign currency equal to its US dollar value on the date of receipt.

Any gain or loss recognised upon a subsequent conversion or other disposition of the foreign currency will be treated as US source ordinary income or loss. In the case of a US holder of ADSs, the amount of any distribution paid in a foreign currency ordinarily will be converted into US dollars by the Depositary upon its receipt. Accordingly, a US holder of ADSs generally will not be required to recognise foreign currency gain or loss in respect of the distribution.

Accrual basis US holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the requirements and elections available to accrual method taxpayers to determine the US dollar amount includable in income in the case of taxes withheld in a foreign currency.

Subject to certain limitations (including a minimum holding period requirement), South African dividend withholding taxes (as discussed above under “Item 10.E—Taxation—South African taxation—Taxation of dividends”) will be treated as foreign taxes eligible for credit against a US holder’s US federal income tax liability. For this purpose, dividends distributed by Sasol with respect to shares or ADSs generally will constitute foreign source “passive category income” for most US holders. The use of foreign tax credits is subject to complex conditions and limitations. In lieu of a credit, a US holder may instead elect to deduct any such foreign income taxes paid or accrued in the taxable year, provided that the US holder elects to deduct (rather than credit) all foreign income taxes paid or accrued for the taxable year. US holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the availability of foreign tax credits or the deductibility of foreign taxes.

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Dividends paid by Sasol will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction generally allowed to US corporations in respect of dividends received from other US corporations. Certain noncorporate US holders are eligible for preferential rates of US federal income tax in respect of “qualified dividend income”.

Sasol currently believes that dividends paid with respect to its shares and ADSs should constitute qualified dividend income for US federal income tax purposes (and Sasol anticipates that such dividends will be reported as qualified dividends on Form 1099 DIV delivered to US holders) if Sasol was not, in the year prior to the year in which the dividend was paid, and is not, in the year in which the dividend is paid, a Passive Foreign Investment Company (PFIC) for US federal income tax purposes. Each individual US holder of shares or ADSs is urged to consult its own tax advisor regarding the availability to such US holder of the preferential dividend tax rate in light of its own particular situation including foreign tax credit limitations with respect to any qualified dividend income paid by Sasol, as applicable.

Sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of shares or ADSs

Upon a sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of shares or ADSs, a US holder generally will recognise a capital gain or loss for US federal income tax purposes in an amount equal to the difference between the US dollar value of the amount realised on the disposition and the US holder’s adjusted tax basis, determined in US dollars, in the shares or ADSs. Such gain or loss generally will be US source gain or loss, and generally will be treated as a long-term capital gain or loss if the holder’s holding period in the shares or ADSs exceeds one year at the time of disposition if Sasol was not, at any time during the holder’s holding period, a PFIC, as discussed below, for US federal income tax purposes. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to significant limitations. If the US holder is an individual, long-term capital gain generally is subject to US federal income tax at preferential rates. Each US holder of shares or ADSs is urged to consult its own tax advisor regarding the potential US tax consequences from the taxable disposition of shares or ADSs, including foreign currency implications arising therefrom and any other South African taxes imposed on a taxable disposition.

Passive foreign investment company considerations

A non-US corporation is a passive foreign investment company in any taxable year in which, after taking into account the income and assets of certain subsidiaries, either (a) at least 75% of its gross income is passive income or (b) at least 50% of the quarterly average of its assets is attributable to assets that produce or are held to produce passive income. Sasol believes that it should not be classified as a PFIC for US federal income tax purposes for the taxable year ended 30 June 2023. US holders are advised, however, that this conclusion is a factual determination that must be made annually and thus may be subject to change. If Sasol were to be classified as a PFIC, the tax on distributions on its shares or ADSs and on any gains realised upon the disposition of its shares or ADSs may be less favourable than as described herein. Furthermore, dividends paid by a PFIC are not “qualified dividend income” and are not eligible for the reduced rates of taxation for certain dividends. In addition, each US person that is a shareholder of a PFIC, may be required to file an annual report disclosing its ownership of shares in a PFIC and certain other information. US holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the application of the PFIC rules (including applicable reporting requirements) to their ownership of the shares or ADSs.

US information reporting and backup withholding

Dividend payments made to a holder and proceeds paid from the sale, exchange, or other disposition of shares or ADSs through a US intermediary or other US paying agent may be subject to information reporting to the US Internal Revenue Service (IRS). US federal backup withholding generally is imposed on specified payments to persons who fail to furnish required information. Backup withholding will not apply to a holder who furnishes a correct taxpayer identification number or certificate of foreign status and makes any other required certification, or who is otherwise exempt from backup withholding. US persons who are required to establish their exempt status generally must provide IRS Form W-9 (Request for Taxpayer Identification Number and Certification) or applicable substitute form. NonUS holders generally will not be subject to US information reporting or backup withholding. However, these holders may be required to provide certification of non-US status (generally on IRS Form W-8BEN, W-8BEN-E or applicable substitute form) in connection with payments received in the United States or through certain US-related financial intermediaries.

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Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Amounts withheld as backup withholding may be credited against a holder’s US federal income tax liability. A holder may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules by timely filing the appropriate claim for refund with the IRS and furnishing any required information.

Additional reporting requirements

US holders who are individuals may be required to report to the IRS on Form 8938 information relating to their ownership of foreign financial assets,

such as the shares or ADSs, subject to certain exceptions (including an exception for shares or ADSs held in accounts maintained by certain financial institutions). US holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the effect, if any, of these rules on their obligations to file information reports with respect to the shares or ADSs.

10.F Dividends and paying agents

Not applicable.

10.G Statement by experts

Not applicable.

10.H Documents on display

All reports and other information that we file with the SEC may be obtained, upon written request, from J.P. Morgan, as depositary for our ADSs at its Corporate Trust office, located at 383 Madison Avenue, Floor 11, New York, New York, 10179. These reports and other information can also be inspected without charge and copied at prescribed rates at the public reference facilities maintained by the SEC at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. These reports may also be accessed via the SEC’s website (www.sec.gov). Also, certain reports and other information concerning us will be available for inspection at the offices of the NYSE. In addition, all the statutory records of the company and its subsidiaries may be viewed at the registered address of the company in South Africa.

10.I Subsidiary information

Not applicable. For a list of our subsidiaries see Exhibit 8.1 to this annual report on Form 20-F.

ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

As a group, we are exposed to various market risks associated with our underlying assets, liabilities and anticipated transactions. We continuously monitor these exposures and enter into derivative financial instruments to reduce these risks. We do not enter into derivative transactions on a speculative basis. All fair values have been determined using current market pricing models.

The principal market risks (i.e. the risk of losses arising from adverse movements in market rates and prices) to which we are exposed are:

| ● | foreign exchange rates applicable on conversion of foreign currency transactions as well as on conversion of assets and liabilities to rand; and

| ● | commodity prices, mainly crude oil and chemicals prices;

Refer to “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 37 Financial risk management and financial instruments” for a qualitative and quantitative discussion of the group's exposure to these market risks. The following is a breakdown of our debt arrangements, a summary of fixed versus floating interest rate exposures for operations and a break-down of derivatives. Liabilities reflect principal payments in each year.

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | Fair
Liabilities—notional |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2027 |  | 2028 |  | Thereafter |  | Total |  | value
​ |  | (Rand in millions)
Fixed rate (Rand) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — | ​ | — |  | 669 |  | 669 |  | 669
Average interest rate |  | 8,00 | % | 8,00 | % | 8,00 | % | 8,00 | % | 8,00 | % | 8,00 | % | ​ | ​ | ​
Variable rate (Rand) |  | 159 |  | 66 |  | 912 |  | — |  | 1 470 |  | — |  | 2 607 |  | 2 403
Average interest rate |  | 9,52 | % | 9,49 | % | 9,52 | % | 9,57 | % | 9,57 | % | 0,00 | % | ​ | ​ | ​
Fixed Rate (US$) |  | 28 245 |  | 1 |  | 1 |  | 12 240 |  | 14 123 |  | 48 959 |  | 103 569 |  | 94 774
Average interest rate |  | 6,09 | % | 6,13 | % | 6,13 | % | 6,29 | % | 6,72 | % | 7,04 | % | ​ | ​ | ​
Variable rate (US$) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 18 499 |  | — | ​ | 18 499 |  | 18 533
Average interest rate |  | 6,80 | % | 6,80 | % | 6,80 | % | 6,80 | % | 6,80 | % | 0,00 | % | ​ | ​ | ​
Fixed rate (Euro) |  | 72 |  | 48 |  | 41 |  | — |  | 0 |  | 0 |  | 161 |  | 154
Average interest rate |  | 1,79 | % | 1,95 | % | 1,95 | % | 0,00 | % | 0,00 | % | 0,00 | % | ​ | ​ | ​
Fixed rate (Other currencies) | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | —
Total |  | 28 476 |  | 115 |  | 954 |  | 12 240 |  | 34 092 |  | 49 628 |  | 125 505 |  | 116 533

​

​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | Total
​ | ​ | 2023 | ​ | 2024 | ​ | 2025 | ​ | 2026 | ​ | 2027 | ​ | Thereafter | ​ | Maturity
​ | ​ | (Rand in millions)
Foreign Currency Derivatives—held for trading* | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
US$ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Foreign exchange zero‑cost collars |  | (503) | ​ | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (503)
Forward exchange contracts |  | (214) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (214)
Euro | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Foreign Exchange Contracts |  | (6) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (6)
Commodity derivatives—held for trading* | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Crude oil | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Crude oil futures |  | (12) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (12)
Crude oil put options |  | 253 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 253
Ethane price | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Ethane swap options | ​ | (158) | ​ | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — | ​ | (158)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Other foreign exchange derivatives |  | 5 |  | 15 | ​ | 15 | ​ | 19 | ​ | 19 | ​ | (2 786) |  | (2 715)
Other commodity derivatives | ​ | 10 | ​ | 0 | ​ | 0 | ​ | 0 | ​ | 0 | ​ | 0 | ​ | 10
Convertible bond embedded derivative liability | ​ | 0 | ​ | 0 | ​ | 0 | ​ | 0 | ​ | (1 302) | ​ | 0 | ​ | (1 302)

s

*For more information relating to contract amounts, weighted average strike prices, notional amounts and weighted average pay rate refer to “Item 18—Financial Statements—Note 37 Financial risk management and financial instruments”.

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ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

12.A Debt securities

Not applicable.

12.B Warrants and rights

Not applicable.

12.C Other securities

Not applicable.

12.D American depositary shares

12.D.1 Depositary name and address

J.P. Morgan Chase Bank, N.A.

383 Madison Avenue, Floor 11

New York, New York, 10179

12.D.2 Description of American depositary shares

American depositary shares are evidenced by ADRs that represent the right to receive, and to exercise the beneficial ownership interests in, the number of Sasol ordinary shares specified in the form of ADRs.

Please see Exhibit 2.2 to this annual report on Form 20-F.

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12.D.3 Depositary fees and charges

J.P. Morgan was appointed as Sasol Limited’s depositary for Sasol’s ADSs, effective 6 May 2019. Prior to J.P. Morgan’s appointment, the Bank of New York Mellon served as the depositary for Sasol’s ADSs. Sasol’s ADSs, each representing one Sasol ordinary share, are traded on the NYSE under the symbol “SSL”. The ADSs are evidenced by ADRs, issued by J.P Morgan, as depositary.

As from 6 May 2019, the Deposit Agreement between J.P Morgan, Sasol Limited and its registered ADR holders, requires that ADR holders pay the following fees.

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​ | ​ | ​
Service |  | Fees (USD)
Depositing or substituting the underlying shares | ​ | Up to US$5,00 per 100 ADS
Receiving or distributing dividend | ​ | Up to US$0,05 per ADS
Selling or exercising rights | ​ | Up to US$5,00 per 100 ADS
Withdrawing an underlying security | ​ | Up to US$5,00 per 100 ADS

​

In addition, all non-standard out of pocket administration and maintenance expenses, including but not limited to, any and all reasonable legal fees and disbursements incurred by the Depositary (including legal opinions, and any fees and expenses incurred by or waived to third-parties) will be paid by the company. Fees and out-of-pocket expenses for the servicing of non-registered ADR holders and for any special service(s) performed by the Depositary will be paid for by the company.

12.D.4 Depositary payments for 2023

J.P Morgan paid an amount of US$1, 175,731.69 to Sasol on 09 June 2023 in respect of annual contributions.

ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES

Not applicable.

ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Not applicable.

ITEM 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

(a) Disclosure controls and procedures

The Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, performed an evaluation of the effectiveness of the group’s disclosure controls and procedures (required by paragraph (b) of 17 CFR 240.13a-15) as of the end of the period covered by this annual report on Form 20-F.

Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were ineffective as of 30 June 2023 due to the existence of a material weakness in internal control over financial reporting as described below in section (b).

Notwithstanding this material weakness, management concluded that the consolidated financial statements included in this annual report on Form 20-F present fairly, in all material respects, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows as of and for the periods presented in accordance with IFRS, as issued by the IASB. Management’s assessment is based upon a number of factors, including, but not limited to:

The substantial progress made on implementation of remediation actions with respect to the level of precision applied to the impairment assessments performed on all the cash generating units across the South African integrated value chain within the Energy and Chemicals Africa segments for the year ended 30 June 2023.

(b) Management’s annual report on internal control over financial reporting

Management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, management is required to assess the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of the end of each financial year and report, based on that assessment, whether the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective.

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The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of the President and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, and effected by the Company’s board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance as to the reliability of the Company’s financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that

i.pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets;
ii.provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit the preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorisations of our management and directors; and
iii.provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorised acquisition, use or disposition of assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Therefore, even those processes of internal control over financial reporting determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to the reliability of financial reporting and preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS.

Management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of 30 June 2023. In making these assessments, management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organisations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in “Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013)”.

Material Weakness

Based on its assessment, management has determined that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting remains ineffective as of 30 June 2023 due to the existence of the material weakness described below.

Material Weakness with respect to the level of precision applied to the impairment assessments performed on all cash generating units across the South African integrated value chain within the Energy and Chemicals Africa segments.

A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of financial statements will not be prevented or detected on timely basis

Based on its assessment, management has determined that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting remains ineffective as of 30 June 2023 due to the existence of the material weakness described below. As previously disclosed in our annual report on Form 20-F for the year ended 30 June 2022, we identified an initial material weakness in 2020 that was further expanded in 2021 with respect to the level of precision applied to the impairment assessments performed on all cash generating units across the South African integrated value chain within the Energy and Chemicals Africa segments. Management concluded that the controls designed and implemented to review the results of impairment assessments performed on the South African integrated value chain cash generating units did not operate at the required level of precision to prevent or detect a material misstatement. Specifically, these controls did not effectively function at the level of precision required to ensure that the assumptions applied in determining cash flow projections are reasonable in response to changes in the business environment and that the calculations performed and discounting principles applied were valid and complete. These deficiencies impacted the determination of the recoverable value of these cash generating units for the purpose of impairment assessments. This material weakness resulted in an audit adjustment that was recorded in the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended 30 June 2020 and a revision of the 2021 consolidated financial statement comparative results for 2018, 2019 and 2020 based on the expansion of the material weakness.

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Management concluded that the material weakness identified above was the result of a number of deficiencies:

| ● | System design - Inadequate initial design principle applied in the system implementation;

| ● | Process design - Inadequate initial process design which was not documented in sufficient detail;

| ● | Sequence of process – Inefficient impairment process due to the sequential order of completion of the impairment calculations through the South African integrated value chain;

| ● | Manual interventions – Inconsistent and multiple manual interventions across the entire South African integrated value chain impairment process; and

| ● | People capability – Lack of understanding and knowledge of the end-to-end South African integrated value chain impairment assessment principles.

If not remediated, this material weakness could result in misstatements of property, plant and equipment, right of use assets, deferred taxation, remeasurement items affecting operating profit (impairment of property, plant and equipment and right of use assets), account balances and disclosures that would result in a material misstatement to the consolidated financial statements that would not be prevented or detected.

Remediation efforts to address the material weakness with respect to the level of precision applied to the impairment assessments performed on the cash generating units related to the South African integrated value chain.

Management is committed to remediate the material weakness and, with oversight from our Audit Committee, has implemented all planned remediation measures that will address the material weakness in internal controls over financial reporting. The measures implemented to address the underlying causes that gave rise to the material weakness consisted of technology enhancements through an appropriate and standardised impairment model that was used across the South African integrated value chain impairment process for the 2023 year end. They also included process improvements implemented based on a comprehensive review of the entire South African integrated value chain impairment process. In addition, the measures comprised upskilling of the people involved in the process through capability assessments and interventions, supported by training programmes, re-prioritisation of activities during the impairment assessment process and clearly defined roles and responsibilities.

We believe our actions will be effective in remediating the above-noted material weakness, and we continue to devote significant time and attention to these efforts. Notwithstanding the significant progress made to remediate the material weakness, management is of the view that the remedial controls need to operate for another reporting cycle before it can be concluded whether these controls are operating effectively. This is as the comprehensive remediation measures have only been operational for the 2023 year end reporting process and there has been an increase in external market and regulatory factors that are impacting on the impairment assessment of the South African integrated value chain. As we continue to evaluate and work to improve our internal controls over financial reporting, we may take additional measures to address these control deficiencies, or we may modify certain of the remediation measures described above. The material weakness will not be considered remediated until we have completed designing and implementing the longer-term remediation efforts, the applicable remedial controls operate for a sufficient period of time, and management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are operating effectively.

(c)Attestation report of the registered public accounting firm

The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of 30 June 2023 was audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers Inc., an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in its report on page F-1 of this Form 20-F.

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(d)Changes in internal control over financial reporting

The Company maintains a system of internal control over financial reporting that is designed to provide reasonable assurance that its books and records accurately reflect transactions and that established policies and procedures are followed.

Except for the remediation procedures implemented by the Company as described above, there have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Exchange Act Rule 13(a) - 15 during the year ended 30 June 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Item 16.A AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT

Our Nomination and Governance Committee is satisfied that all members of the Audit Committee have the requisite financial expertise to serve as members of the Audit Committee, and our board of directors has determined Ms GMB Kennealy, appointed as the chairman of the Audit Committee with effect from 1 September 2021, to be a financial expert within the meaning of the Sarbanes Oxley Act.

Item 16.B CODE OF ETHICS

In May 2022, Sasol’s Board of Directors approved an update to the current Code of Conduct. The Code of Conduct adopts a behaviour-based approach which reinforces the importance of linking our day-to-day actions to Sasol’s values and culture. The Code of Conduct is further underpinned by policies and guidance notes to enhance its everyday application. The Code of conduct is intended to apply to every Sasol employee of every Sasol group company worldwide. It is also intended to apply to every director (executive and non-executive) of those companies, except as otherwise stated in the Code of conduct. Joint venture companies in which Sasol is a non-controlling co-venturer and associated companies are encouraged to adopt these or similar principles, practices and standards.

The Code of Conduct is available on our website. The website address is: https://www.sasol.com/sustainability/ethics/sasol-code-

of-conduct. This website is not incorporated by reference in this annual report.

We operate an independent ethics line through external advisors where reports can be made telephonically, via e-mail or from the website. This confidential and anonymous ethics hotline provides an impartial facility for all stakeholders to report alleged deviations from ethical behaviour, as well as breaches of our Code of Conduct, Sasol policies or regulatory requirements, including fraud and unsafe behaviour, environmental misconduct or human rights abuses. Our Code of Conduct and related policies guide our interactions with all government representatives. Our Code of Conduct prohibits contributions from Sasol to political parties or government officials since these may be interpreted as an inducement for future beneficial treatment, and interference in the democratic process.

Item 16.C PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

The following table sets forth the aggregate audit and audit-related fees, tax fees and all other fees billed by our principal accountants (PricewaterhouseCoopers Inc.) for each of the 2023 and 2022 years.

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | Audit‑ |  | ​ |  | All |  | ​
​ | ​ | Audit | ​ | related | ​ | Tax | ​ | other | ​ | ​
​ |  | fees |  | fees (2) |  | fees (2) |  | fees (2) |  | Total
​ | ​ | (Rand in millions)
2023(1) |  | 139 | ​ | 1,2 | ​ | 1,2 | ​ | — | ​ | 141
2022(1) |  | 129 | ​ | 0,5 | ​ | 1,0 | ​ | — | ​ | 131

(1) | In respect of our audit committee approval process, all non-audit and audit fees paid to PricewaterhouseCoopers Inc. have been pre-approved by the audit committee.

(2) | The Audit Committee approved non-audit services of 2% (2022: 1%) in relation to statutory audit fee.

Audit fees consist of fees billed for the annual audit of the Company’s consolidated financial statements, review of the group’s internal controls over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the audit of statutory financial statements of the Company’s subsidiaries, including fees billed for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or reviews of the Company’s financial statements that are services that only an external auditor can reasonably provide.

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Audit-related fees consist of the review of documents filed with regulatory authorities, consultations concerning financial accounting and reporting standards, review of security controls and operational effectiveness of systems, due diligence related to acquisitions and employee benefit plan audits.

Tax fees include fees billed for tax compliance services, including assistance in the preparation of original and amended tax returns; tax consultations, such as assistance in connection with tax audits and appeals; tax advice relating to acquisitions, transfer pricing, and requests for rulings or technical advice from tax authorities; and tax planning services and expatriate tax compliance, consultation and planning services.

All other fees consist of fees billed which are not included under audit fees, audit related fees or tax fees.

Audit committee approval policy

In accordance with our audit committee pre-approval policy, all audit and non-audit services performed for us by our independent accountants were approved by the audit committee of our board of directors, which concluded that the provision of such services by the independent accountants was compatible with the maintenance of that firm’s independence in the conduct of its auditing functions.

In terms of our policy, non-audit services not exceeding R500 000 that fall into the categories set out in the pre-approval policy, do not require pre-approval by the audit committee, but are pre-approved by the Senior Vice President: Financial Controlling and Governance. The audit committee is notified of each such service at its first meeting following the rendering of such service. All non-audit services exceeding R500 000 but not exceeding R2 million are pre-approved by the Chief Financial Officer. The audit committee is notified on a monthly basis of services approved within this threshold. Fees in respect of non-audit services exceeding R2 million require pre-approval by the audit committee, prior to engagement.

The total aggregate amount of non-audit fees in any one financial year must be less than 20% of the total audit fees for Sasol’s annual audit engagement, unless otherwise directed by the audit committee. In addition, services to be provided by the independent accountants that are not within the category of

approved services must be approved by the audit committee prior to engagement, regardless of the service being requested and the amount, but subject to the restriction above.

Requests or applications for services that require specific separate approval by the audit committee are required to be submitted to the audit committee by both management and the independent accountants, and must include a detailed description of the services to be provided and a joint statement confirming that the provision of the proposed services does not impair the independence of the independent accountants.

No work was performed by persons other than the principal accountant’s employees on the principal accountant’s engagement to audit Sasol Limited’s financial statements for 2023.

Item 16.D EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES

Not applicable.

Item 16.E PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Total | ​ | Maximum
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | number of | ​ | number of
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | shares | ​ | shares
​ | ​ | Total | ​ | Average | ​ | Shares | ​ | purchased | ​ | that may
​ | ​ | number of | ​ | price | ​ | cancelled | ​ | as part of | ​ | yet be
​ | ​ | ordinary | ​ | paid | ​ | under the share | ​ | publicly | ​ | purchased
​ | ​ | shares | ​ | per | ​ | repurchase | ​ | announced |  | under the
Period |  | repurchased |  | share |  | scheme |  | programmes |  | programmes
For the year ended 30 June 2023 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
2022-07-01 to 2023-06-30 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | ​

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Item 16.F CHANGE IN REGISTRANT’S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT

Not applicable.

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Item 16.G CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Sasol maintains a primary listing of its ordinary shares and Sasol BEE ordinary shares on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange operated by the JSE and a listing of ADSs on the NYSE. We have compared our corporate governance practices to those for domestic US companies listed on the NYSE and confirm that we comply substantially with such NYSE corporate governance standards and there were no significant differences at 30 June 2023.

Refer to “Integrated Report—Governance” as contained in Exhibit 99.7, for further details of our corporate governance practices.

Item 16.H MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE

Not applicable.

Item 16.I DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS

Not applicable.

Item 16.J INSIDER TRADING POLICIES

We will be required to comply with disclosure requirements under this item for the financial year ending 30 June 2024.

Item 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Sasol is furnishing financial statements pursuant to the instructions of Item 18 of Form 20-F.

Item 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following consolidated financial statements, together with the auditors’ report of

PricewaterhouseCoopers Inc. (PCAOB ID No. 1308) are filed as part of this annual report on Form 20-F:

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements for the years ended 30 June 2023, 2022 and 2021

​

​ | ​
Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PwC) | F-1
Consolidated Financial Statements* | F
Supplemental Oil and Gas Information (Unaudited) | G-1

* | Refer to “Item 18—Financial Statements” which have been incorporated by reference.

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Sasol Limited

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of Sasol Limited and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of 30 June 2023 and 2022, and the related consolidated income statements, statements of comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended 30 June 2023, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of 30 June 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of 30 June 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended 30 June 2023 in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. Also in our opinion, the Company did not maintain, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of 30 June 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO because a material weakness in internal control over financial reporting existed as of that date related to the level of precision applied to the impairment assessments performed on all cash generating units across the South African integrated value chain within the Energy and Chemicals Africa segments.

A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. The material weakness referred to above is described in Management's Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 15(b). We considered this material weakness in determining the nature, timing, and extent of audit tests applied in our audit of the 2023 consolidated financial statements, and our opinion regarding the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting does not affect our opinion on those consolidated financial statements.

Basis for Opinions

The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in management's report referred to above. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

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Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Critical Audit Matters

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

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Impairment assessment of property, plant and equipment

As described in Note 17 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s consolidated property, plant and equipment (“PPE”) at 30 June 2023 amounted to R225 472 million. Furthermore, as described in Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements, management recognised a net impairment of assets of R33 649 million for the year ended 30 June 2023, mainly related to an impairment of the Secunda liquid fuels refinery cash generating unit (“CGU”) of R35 316 million, an impairment of the South African Wax CGU of R932 million, net of a reversal of impairment to the Tetramerization CGU of R3 645 million. Management assesses non-financial assets for impairment indicators, as well as reversal of impairment indicators at each reporting date or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable or previous impairment should be reversed. Recoverable amounts are estimated for individual assets or, where an individual asset cannot generate cash inflows independently, the recoverable amount is determined for the larger CGU to which it belongs. Management judgement is applied in identifying CGUs. The recoverable amount of the assets assessed for impairment is determined based on the higher of the fair value less costs to sell or value-in-use calculations. Future cash flow assumptions relating to this valuation are estimated based on financial budgets which reflect the long term plans for the Company. The determination of future cash flows include significant management judgement and assumptions, including crude oil prices, gas prices, chemical prices, exchange rates, growth rates, weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”) rates and carbon tax.

The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the impairment assessment of PPE is a critical audit matter are (i) the significant judgements by management when identifying CGUs, as well as in developing their assessment of the recoverable amount for all CGUs where impairment indicators or indicators for the reversal of impairment were identified; (ii) a high degree of auditor judgement, subjectivity and effort in evaluating management’s identification of CGUs and main assumptions, including crude oil prices, gas prices, chemical prices, exchange rates, growth rates, WACC rates and carbon tax; and (iii) the audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialised skill and knowledge. As described in the “Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting” section, a material weakness was identified related to this matter.

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to management’s budgeting process and impairment calculations, including controls relating to the main assumptions used in these calculations. These procedures also included, among others, an assessment of the appropriateness of the CGUs identified by management, testing management’s process for determining the recoverable amount of the CGUs where impairment indicators or reversal of impairment indicators were identified, evaluating the appropriateness of the methodology used in the impairment models, testing the completeness, accuracy, and relevance of underlying data used in the impairment models, and evaluating the main assumptions used by management. Evaluating the reasonableness of management’s assumptions involved (i) evaluating key market-related assumptions (including crude oil prices, gas prices, chemical prices, exchange rates, growth rates and WACC rates) used in the models to external market and third party data, (ii) evaluating the impact to long term business plans of implementing the Company’s Emission Reduction Roadmap and the impact of carbon tax based on the latest Taxation Laws Amendment Act in South Africa, (iii) performing a retrospective comparison of forecasted cash flows to actual past performance and previous forecasts, and (iv) performing sensitivity analyses. Professionals with specialised skill and knowledge were used to assist in evaluating the appropriateness of the methodology applied in the impairment models and evaluating the reasonableness of the WACC rates assumption.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers Inc.

Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa

1 September 2023

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We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2013.

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SUPPLEMENTAL OIL AND GAS INFORMATION (unaudited)

In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Section 932, “Extractive Industries—Oil and Gas”, and regulations of the SEC, this section provides supplemental oil and gas information separately about our natural oil and gas exploration and production operations, as managed by GSO, which forms part of our Gas segment; and about our coal mining operations and the conversion of coal reserves to synthetic oil, as managed by our Mining segment and Secunda Operations.

NATURAL OIL AND GAS

The supplemental information provided below relates to our natural oil and gas operations, which are managed by GSO.

Tables 1 through to 3 present historical information pertaining to costs incurred for property acquisitions, exploration and development, capitalised costs, and results of operations. Table 4 presents estimates of proved developed and proved undeveloped reserves (which are not supplemental). Tables 5 and 6 present information on the standardised measure of estimated discounted future net cash flows related to proved reserves and changes therein.

TABLE 1—COSTS INCURRED FOR PROPERTY ACQUISITION, EXPLORATION, AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES

The table below presents the costs incurred, during the last three years, in natural oil and gas property acquisition, exploration and development activities, whether capitalised or charged to income directly.

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Natural Oil and Gas (Rand in millions)
​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​
​ |  | Mozambique |  | Gabon(1) |  | Canada(2) |  | Total
Year ended 30 June 2021 |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​
Acquisition of proved properties | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | —
Acquisition of unproved properties |  | — | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | —
Exploration |  | 113,4 | ​ | 45,6 | ​ | — | ​ | 159,0
Development |  | 1 956,7 | ​ | 198,0 | ​ | 458,5 | ​ | 2 613,2
Total costs incurred |  | 2 070,1 | ​ | 243,6 | ​ | 458,5 | ​ | 2 772,2
Year ended 30 June 2022 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Acquisition of proved properties | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | —
Acquisition of unproved properties |  | — | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | —
Exploration |  | 77,5 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 77,5
Development |  | 2 885,1 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 2 885,1
Total costs incurred |  | 2 962,6 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 2 962,6
Year ended 30 June 2023 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Acquisition of proved properties | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | —
Acquisition of unproved properties |  | — | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | —
Exploration |  | 1 455,5 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 1 455,5
Development |  | 4 186,5 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 4 186,5
Total costs incurred |  | 5 642,0 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 5 642,0

(1) | Costs incurred up to 25 February 2021, which was the effective date of divestment of our interests in the EMP in Gabon.

(2) | The transaction to divest of all our interests in Canada was closed on 29 July 2021.

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TABLE 2—CAPITALISED COSTS RELATING TO OIL AND GAS PRODUCING ACTIVITIES

The table below summarises the aggregate amount of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets relating to natural oil and gas exploration and production activities, and the aggregate amount of the related depreciation and amortisation.

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  | ​
​ |  | Mozambique |  |  | Canada(1) |  | Total
Year ended 30 June 2021 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Proved properties |  | 11 215,5 | ​ | ​ | 33 045,7 | ​ | 44 261,2
Producing wells and equipment |  | 10 292,5 | ​ | ​ | 33 045,7 |  | 43 338,2
Non-producing wells and equipment |  | 923,0 | ​ | ​ | — |  | 923,0
Unproved properties |  | 8 469,6 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | 8 469,6
Capitalised costs |  | 19 685,1 | ​ | ​ | 33 045,7 | ​ | 52 730,8
Accumulated depreciation |  | (8 287,5) | ​ | ​ | (31 816,2) | ​ | (40 103,7)
Net book value |  | 11 397,6 | ​ | ​ | 1 229,5 | ​ | 12 627,1
Year ended 30 June 2022 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Proved properties |  | 20 885,2 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | 20 885,2
Producing wells and equipment |  | 10 305,0 | ​ | ​ | — |  | 10 305,0
Non-producing wells and equipment |  | 10 580,2 | ​ | ​ | — |  | 10 580,2
Unproved properties |  | 1 171,4 | ​ | ​ | — |  | 1 171,4
Capitalised costs |  | 22 056,6 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | 22 056,6
Accumulated depreciation and valuation allowances |  | (8 611,3) | ​ | ​ | — |  | (8 611,3)
Net book value |  | 13 445,3 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | 13 445,3
Year ended 30 June 2023 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Proved properties |  | 24 635,9 |  |  | — |  | 24 635,9
Producing wells and equipment |  | 11 830,3 | ​ | ​ | — |  | 11 830,3
Non-producing wells and equipment |  | 12 805,6 | ​ | ​ | — |  | 12 805,6
Unproved properties |  | 2 429,0 | ​ | ​ | — |  | 2 429,0
Capitalised costs |  | 27 064,9 |  |  | — |  | 27 064,9
Accumulated depreciation and valuation allowances |  | (10 524,1) | ​ | ​ | — |  | (10 524,1)
Net book value |  | 16 540,8 |  |  | — |  | 16 540,8

(1) | The transaction to divest of all our interests in Canada was closed on 29 July 2021.

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TABLE 3—RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR OIL AND GAS PRODUCING ACTIVITIES

The results of operations for natural oil and gas producing activities are summarised in the table below.

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Mozambique |  | Gabon(1) |  | Canada(2) |  | Total
Year ended 30 June 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales to unaffiliated parties |  | 253,9 | ​ | 668,5 | ​ | 405,1 | ​ | 1 327,5
Transfers to affiliated parties |  | 2 566,5 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 2 566,5
Total revenues |  | 2 820,4 | ​ | 668,5 | ​ | 405,1 | ​ | 3 894,0
Production Costs(4) |  | (722,8) | ​ | (372,9) | ​ | (314,9) | ​ | (1 410,6)
Foreign currency translation losses |  | 1 313,2 | ​ | (334,8) | ​ | — | ​ | 978,4
Exploration expenses |  | (286,6) | ​ | (50,5) | ​ | — | ​ | (337,1)
Farm-out gains | ​ | — | ​ | 277,0 | ​ | — | ​ | 277,0
Valuation provision(3) |  | (1 947,5) | ​ | (47,9) | ​ | 548,3 | ​ | (1 447,1)
Depreciation |  | (817,8) | ​ | (195,3) | ​ | (169,9) | ​ | (1 183,0)
Operating profit/(loss) |  | 358,9 | ​ | (55,9) | ​ | 468,6 | ​ | 771,6
Tax |  | 306,6 | ​ | (107,1) | ​ | — | ​ | 199,5
Results of operations |  | 665,5 | ​ | (163,0) | ​ | 468,6 | ​ | 971,1
Year ended 30 June 2022 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Sales to unaffiliated parties |  | 448,3 | ​ | — | ​ | 39,7 |  | 488,0
Transfers to affiliated parties |  | 3 743,1 | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | 3 743,1
Total revenues |  | 4 191,4 | ​ | — | ​ | 39,7 | ​ | 4 231,1
Production Costs(4) |  | (1 514,1) | ​ | — | ​ | (29,5) |  | (1 543,6)
Foreign currency translation losses |  | (237,6) | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | (237,6)
Exploration expenses |  | (400,9) | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | (400,9)
Valuation provision |  | 0,2 | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | 0,2
Depreciation |  | (336,8) | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | (336,8)
Operating profit |  | 1 702,2 | ​ | — | ​ | 10,2 | ​ | 1 712,4
Tax |  | (526,2) | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | (526,2)
Results of operations |  | 1 176,0 | ​ | — | ​ | 10,2 | ​ | 1 186,2
Year ended 30 June 2023 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Sales to unaffiliated parties |  | 1 005,6 | ​ | — | ​ | ​ |  | 1 005,6
Transfers to affiliated parties |  | 5 532,6 | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | 5 532,6
Total revenues |  | 6 538,2 |  | — |  | — |  | 6 538,2
Production Costs(4) |  | (270,9) | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | (270,9)
Foreign currency translation losses |  | (146,9) | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | (146,9)
Exploration expenses |  | (1 192,4) | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | (1 192,4)
Farm-out gains | ​ | 269,8 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 269,8
Valuation provision(3) |  | (1 600,5) | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | (1 600,5)
Depreciation |  | (320,0) | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | (320,0)
Operating profit |  | 3 277,3 |  | — |  | — |  | 3 277,3
Tax |  | (1 173,7) | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | (1 173,7)
Results of operations |  | 2 103,6 |  | — |  | — |  | 2 103,6

(1) | Include results of operation up to the effective date of divestment from our licences in Gabon, being 25 February 2021 for the EMP and 4 May 2021 for the DE-8 permit.

(2) | The transaction to divest of all our interests in Canada was closed on 29 July 2021.

(3) | Valuation provision of R1 600,5 million (US$139,3 million) (2022 – none and 2021 – R1 947,5 million (US$136,4 million)) is mainly as a result of the integrated value chain impairment assessment allocation. Valuation provision of R47,9 million (US$2,9 million) for Gabon relates to an impairment of the DE-8 permit offshore Gabon at 31 December 2020. Valuation provision of R548,3 million (CAD45,3 million) for Canada relates to an impairment reversal of our Canada shale gas assets at 30 June 2021.

(4) | Production cost includes the asset retirement obligation movement of R865,5 million (2022 – (R378,6 million) and 2021 – R23,4 million) for the year.

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TABLE 4—PROVED RESERVE QUANTITY INFORMATION

The table below summarises the proved developed and proved undeveloped reserves of natural oil and gas, as at 30 June 2023 and the two previous years, along with volumes produced during the year. The table also presents the changes in the proved reserves and the reasons for the changes, over the last three years.

As at 30 June 2023, the total proved reserve estimate for natural oil and gas is 126,8 million barrels in oil equivalent terms (6 000 standard cubic feet of natural gas is equivalent to 1 barrel of oil and 1 tonne of LPG is equivalent to 11,6 barrels of oil).

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Crude oil and condensate(2) | ​ | Natural gas(2) | ​ | Oil equivalent(2)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Mozambique(1) |  | Gabon(3) |  | Canada(4) |  | Total |  | Mozambique(1) |  | Canada(4) |  | Total |  | Mozambique(1) |  | Gabon(3) |  | Canada(4) |  | Total
​ |  | Millions of barrels |  | Billions of cubic feet |  | Equivalent, Millions of barrels
Balance at 30 June 2020 |  | 1,0 | ​ | 1,9 | ​ | 0,4 | ​ | 3,3 | ​ | 800,5 | ​ | 56,9 | ​ | 857,4 | ​ | 134,5 | ​ | 1,9 | ​ | 9,9 | ​ | 146,3
Revisions |  | (0,1) | ​ | — | ​ | 0,4 | ​ | 0,3 | ​ | (155,8) | ​ | 31,9 | ​ | (123,9) | ​ | (26,1) | ​ | — | ​ | 5,7 | ​ | (20,4)
Sale in place | ​ | — | ​ | (1,0) | ​ | (0,7) | ​ | (1,7) | ​ | — | ​ | (76,4) | ​ | (76,4) | ​ | — | ​ | (1,0) | ​ | (13,4) | ​ | (14,4)
Production |  | (0,2) | ​ | (0,9) | ​ | (0,1) | ​ | (1,2) | ​ | (114,5) | ​ | (12,4) | ​ | (126,9) | ​ | (19,3) | ​ | (0,9) | ​ | (2,2) | ​ | (22,4)
Balance at 30 June 2021 |  | 0,7 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 0,7 | ​ | 530,2 | ​ | — | ​ | 530,2 | ​ | 89,1 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 89,1
Revisions |  | 0,4 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 0,4 | ​ | 228,2 | ​ | — | ​ | 228,2 | ​ | 38,4 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 38,4
Extensions/discoveries |  | 4,3 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 4,3 | ​ | 166,5 | ​ | — | ​ | 166,5 | ​ | 32,0 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 32,0
Production |  | (0,2) | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | (0,2) | ​ | (111,2) | ​ | — | ​ | (111,2) | ​ | (18,7) | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | (18,7)
Balance at 30 June 2022 |  | 5,2 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 5,2 | ​ | 813,7 | ​ | — | ​ | 813,7 | ​ | 140,8 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 140,8
Revisions |  | — | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 12,1 | ​ | — | ​ | 12,1 | ​ | 2,0 | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | ​ | 2,0
Improved recovery |  | 0,2 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 0,2 | ​ | 17,5 | ​ | — | ​ | 17,5 | ​ | 3,1 | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | ​ | 3,1
Production |  | (0,2) | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | (0,2) | ​ | (113,8) | ​ | — | ​ | (113,8) | ​ | (19,1) | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | ​ | (19,1)
Balance at 30 June 2023 |  | 5,2 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 5,2 | ​ | 729,5 | ​ | — | ​ | 729,5 | ​ | 126,8 | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | ​ | 126,8
Proved developed reserves | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
At 30 June 2021 |  | 0,6 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 0,6 | ​ | 423,8 | ​ | — | ​ | 423,8 | ​ | 71,3 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 71,3
At 30 June 2022 |  | 0,9 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 0,9 | ​ | 599,3 | ​ | — | ​ | 599,3 | ​ | 100,8 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 100,8
At 30 June 2023 |  | 0,8 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 0,8 | ​ | 544,7 | ​ | — | ​ | 544,7 | ​ | 91,6 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 91,6
Proved undeveloped reserves | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
At 30 June 2021 |  | 0,1 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 0,1 | ​ | 106,4 | ​ | — | ​ | 106,4 | ​ | 17,8 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 17,8
At 30 June 2022 |  | 4,3 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 4,3 | ​ | 214,4 | ​ | — | ​ | 214,4 | ​ | 40,0 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 40,0
At 30 June 2023 |  | 4,4 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 4,4 | ​ | 184,8 | ​ | — | ​ | 184,8 | ​ | 35,2 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 35,2

(1) | Natural oil and gas production in Mozambique in 2021, 2022 and 2023 originated from the single operational Pande-Temane PPA field, which comprises more than 15% of our total proved reserves.

(2) | Volumes presented in this table are after deduction of royalty taken in kind.

(3) | Quantities for the EMP asset in Gabon include “tax barrels”. Effective date of divestment of our interests in EMP was 25 February 2021.

(4) | The transaction to divest of all our interests in Canada was closed on 29 July 2021

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Preparation of reserve estimates

To ensure GSO’s internal estimates of natural oil and gas reserves are appropriate, are accurately disclosed and are compliant with current SEC regulations and FASB requirements, GSO has established and maintains an estimation system comprising guidelines, procedures and standards, which are subject to review by suitably experienced independent external consultants, and a set of internal controls, which are in accordance with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The internal controls cover, among other matters, the segregation of duties between the asset teams which prepare the reserve estimates and, the corporate reserves team which maintains the system and assures the estimates. The controls also include confirmation that the members of the corporate reserves team are appropriately qualified and experienced and that their compensation arrangements are not materially affected by the reserves.

The internal estimation process includes a review of all estimated future production rates and future capital and operating costs to ensure that the assumptions, data, methods and procedures are appropriate; a review of the technologies used in the process to determine reliability; and arrangements to validate the economic assumptions and to ensure that only accurate, complete and consistent data are used in the estimation of reserves.

The technical person within GSO who is primarily responsible for overseeing the internal preparation of natural oil and gas reserves estimates is the Manager: Corporate Reserves and Technical Assurance. The incumbent is a Member of the Energy Institute, a Chartered Petroleum Engineer, holds a MA and MSc in Mathematics and has 44 years’ experience in oil and gas exploration and production activities with 35 years’ experience in reserves estimation. The corporate authority accountable for the internal process, the control environment and the engagement of independent qualified reserves evaluators (if any) is the GSO Senior Vice President under guidance of the GSO Hydrocarbon Resource Committee.

The definitions of categories of natural oil and gas reserves used in this disclosure are consistent with those set forth in the Regulations:

Proved reserves of oil and gas—Those quantities of oil and gas, which, by analysis of geoscience and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be economically producible—from a given date forward, from known reservoirs under existing economic conditions, operating methods, and government regulations—prior to the time at which contracts providing the right to operate expire, unless evidence indicates that renewal is reasonably certain, regardless of whether deterministic or probabilistic methods are used for the estimation. The project to extract hydrocarbons must be approved and must have commenced or the operator must be reasonably certain that it will commence the project within a reasonable time. Additionally, Sasol requires that natural oil and gas reserves will be produced by a “project sanctioned by all internal and external parties”.

Existing economic conditions define prices and costs at which economic producibility is to be determined. The price is the average sales price during the 12-month period prior to the ending date of the period covered by the report, determined as an un-weighted arithmetic average of the first-day-of-the-month price for each month within such period, unless prices are defined by contractual arrangements. Future price changes are limited to those provided by contractual arrangements in existence at year-end. At the reporting date, product sales prices were determined by existing contracts for the majority of Sasol’s natural oil and gas reserves. Costs comprise development and production expenditure, assessed in real terms, applicable to the reserves class being estimated. Depending upon the status of development proved reserves of oil and gas are subdivided into “Proved Developed Reserves” and “Proved Undeveloped Reserves”.

Proved developed reserves—Those proved reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods (or in which the cost of the required equipment is relatively minor compared to the cost of a new well) and through installed extraction equipment and infrastructure operational at the time of the reserves estimate if the extraction is by means not involving a well.

Proved undeveloped reserves—Those proved reserves that are expected to be recovered from new wells on undrilled acreage or from existing wells where a relatively major expenditure is required before production can commence.

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Definitions of Changes to Proved Reserves

The definitions of the changes to Proved Reserves estimates used in this disclosure are consistent with FASB ASC 932-235-50-5.

TABLE 5—STANDARDISED MEASURE OF DISCOUNTED FUTURE NET CASH FLOWS RELATING TO PROVED RESERVES

The standardised measures of discounted future net cash flows, relating to natural oil and gas proved reserves for the last three years, are shown in the table below.

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Natural Oil and Gas (Rand in millions)
​ |  | ​ |
​ |  | Mozambique |
Year ended 30 June 2021 |  |  |
Future cash inflows |  | 12 314,7 | ​
Future production costs |  | (4 169,1) | ​
Future development costs |  | (4 031,5) | ​
Future income taxes |  | (2 486,5) | ​
Undiscounted future net cash flows |  | 1 627,6 | ​
10% annual discount for timing of estimated cash flows |  | 109,8 | ​
Standardised measure of discounted future net cash flows |  | 1 737,4 | ​
Year ended 30 June 2022 | ​ | ​ | ​
Future cash inflows |  | 43 159,0 | ​
Future production costs |  | (9 429,6) | ​
Future development costs |  | (15 625,7) | ​
Future income taxes |  | (6 445,5) | ​
Undiscounted future net cash flows |  | 11 658,2 | ​
10% annual discount for timing of estimated cash flows |  | (6 229,3) | ​
Standardised measure of discounted future net cash flows |  | 5 428,9 | ​
Year ended 30 June 2023 | ​ | ​ | ​
Future cash inflows |  | 54 454,1 | ​
Future production costs |  | (14 933,5) | ​
Future development costs |  | (17 474,4) | ​
Future income taxes |  | (8 091,7) | ​
Undiscounted future net cash flows |  | 13 954,5 |
10% annual discount for timing of estimated cash flows |  | (4 873,0) | ​
Standardised measure of discounted future net cash flows |  | 9 081,5 |

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Standardised measure of discounted future net cash flows

The standardised measure of discounted future net cash flows, relating to the proved reserves in the table above, are calculated in accordance with the requirements of FASB ASC Section 932-235. Future cash inflows are computed by applying the prices used in estimating proved reserves to the year-end quantities of those reserves. Future development and production costs are computed by applying the costs used in estimating proved reserves. Future income taxes are computed by applying the appropriate year-end statutory tax rates, with consideration of future tax rates already legislated, to the future pre-tax net cash flows relating to the reserves, less the tax basis of the properties involved. The future income tax expenses therefore give effect to the tax deductions, tax credits and allowances relating to the reserves.

Discounted future net cash flows are the result of subtracting future development and production costs and future income taxes from the cash inflows. A discount rate of 10 percent a year is applied to reflect the timing of the future net cash flows relating to the reserves.

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The information provided here does not represent management’s estimate of the expected future cash flows or value of the properties. Estimates of reserves are imprecise and will change over time as new information becomes available. Moreover, probable and possible reserves along with other classes of resources, which may become proved reserves in the future, are excluded from the calculations. The valuation prescribed under FASB ASC Section 932 requires assumptions as to the timing and amount of future development and production costs. The calculations are made as of 30 June each year and should not be relied upon as an indication of the company’s future cash flows or value of natural oil and gas reserves.

TABLE 6—CHANGES IN THE STANDARDISED MEASURE OF DISCOUNTED NET CASH FLOWS

The changes in standardised measure of discounted future net cash flows, relating to the Proved Reserves are shown in the table below.

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Natural Oil and Gas (Rand in millions)
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Mozambique |  | Gabon(1) |  | Canada(2) |  | Total
Present value at 30 June 2020 |  | 6 724,8 | ​ | (274,1) | ​ | (1 003,2) | ​ | 5 447,5
Net changes for the year |  | (4 987,4) | ​ | 274,1 | ​ | 1 003,2 | ​ | (3 710,1)
Sales and transfers of oil and gas produced net of production costs |  | (2 012,2) | ​ | (362,9) | ​ | (74,9) | ​ | (2 450,0)
Development costs incurred |  | 211,5 | ​ | 53,6 | ​ | (13,6) | ​ | 251,5
Net change due to current reserves estimates from: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Revisions | ​ | (1 936,2) | ​ | — | ​ | 1 018,8 | ​ | (917,4)
Sale in place | ​ | — | ​ | 583,4 | ​ | 255,5 | ​ | 838,9
Others |  | — | ​ | — | ​ | (140,4) | ​ | (140,4)
Net changes in prices and costs related to future production |  | (2 506,8) | ​ | — | ​ | 33,9 | ​ | (2 472,9)
Changes in estimated future development costs |  | 110,1 | ​ | — | ​ | 56,3 | ​ | 166,4
Accretion of discount |  | 1 081,2 | ​ | — | ​ | (103,2) | ​ | 978,0
Net change in income tax |  | 2 159,2 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 2 159,2
Net change due to exchange rate | ​ | (2 094,2) | ​ | — | ​ | (29,2) | ​ | (2 123,4)
Present value at 30 June 2021 |  | 1 737,4 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 1 737,4
Net changes for the year |  | 3 691,5 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 3 691,5
Sales and transfers of oil and gas produced net of production costs |  | (3 284,5) | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | (3 284,5)
Development costs incurred |  | 1 750,9 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 1 750,9
Net change due to current reserves estimates from: | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Revisions |  | 4 829,6 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 4 829,6
Discoveries |  | 8 360,1 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 8 360,1
Others | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | —
Net changes in prices and costs related to future production | ​ | 3 456,3 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 3 456,3
Changes in estimated future development costs |  | (9 648,8) | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | (9 648,8)
Accretion of discount |  | 366,5 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 366,5
Net change in income tax |  | (2 704,7) | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | (2 704,7)
Net change due to exchange rate |  | 566,1 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 566,1
Present value at 30 June 2022 |  | 5 428,9 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 5 428,9
Net changes for the year |  | 3 652,6 |  | — |  | — |  | 3 652,6
Sales and transfers of oil and gas produced net of production costs |  | (5 608,4) | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | (5 608,4)
Development costs incurred |  | 6 779,1 | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | 6 779,1
Net change due to current reserves estimates from: |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ |  | ​
Revisions |  | (386,7) | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | (386,7)
Improved recovery | ​ | 1 436,0 | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | 1 436,0
Net changes in prices and costs related to future production |  | 4 443,8 | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | 4 443,8
Changes in estimated future development costs |  | (4 361,6) | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | (4 361,6)
Accretion of discount |  | 1 012,9 | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | 1 012,9
Net change in income tax |  | (1 410,7) | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | (1 410,7)
Net change due to exchange rate |  | 1 748,2 | ​ | — | ​ | — |  | 1 748,2
Present value at 30 June 2023 |  | 9 081,5 |  | — |  | — |  | 9 081,5

(1) | Effective date of divestment of our interests in the EMP in Gabon was 25 February 2021.

(2) | The transaction to divest of all our interests in Canada was closed on 29 July 2021.

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SYNTHETIC OIL

TABLE 1—COSTS INCURRED FOR PROPERTY ACQUISITION, EXPLORATION, AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES

The table below provides the costs incurred during the year in synthetic oil property acquisition, exploration and development activities, whether capitalised or charged to income directly.

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Synthetic oil—South Africa
​ | ​ | (Rand in millions)
Year ended 30 June |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Acquisition of proved properties |  | — |  | 7,3 | ​ | —
Exploration | ​ | 105,1 | ​ | 91,7 | ​ | 77,3
Development | ​ | 2 341,2 | ​ | 1 897,0 | ​ | 1 656,9
Total costs incurred | ​ | 2 446,3 | ​ | 1 996,0 | ​ | 1 734,2

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TABLE 2—CAPITALISED COSTS RELATING TO SYNTHETIC OIL ACTIVITIES

The table below summarises the aggregate amount of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets relating to synthetic oil and production activities, and the aggregate amount of the related depreciation and amortisation.

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Synthetic oil—South Africa |
​ | ​ | (Rand in millions) | ​
Year ended 30 June |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |
Proved properties |  | 120 267,6 | ​ | 113 255,5 | ​ | 107 786,9 | ​
Producing wells and equipment |  | 119 617,2 | ​ | 112 605,5 | ​ | 107 136,9 | ​
Non-producing wells and equipment |  | 650,4 | ​ | 650,0 | ​ | 650,0 | ​
Unproved properties |  | 15,8 | ​ | 15,8 | ​ | 61,1 | ​
Capitalised costs |  | 120 283,4 | ​ | 113 271,3 | ​ | 107 848,0 | ​
Accumulated depreciation, amortisation and valuation allowances |  | (97 635,9) | ​ | (69 389,2) | ​ | (67 677,5) | (1)​
Net book value |  | 22 647,5 | ​ | 43 882,1 | ​ | 40 170,5 | ​

(1) | As result of the integrated value chain impairment assessment, management has applied discretion in changing the allocation methodology for impairments. This resulted in the correction of the 2020 accumulated depreciation, amortisation and valuation allowances from R47,3 billion to R45,1 billion in financial year 2021, which is immaterial.

TABLE 3—RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR SYNTHETIC OIL ACTIVITIES

The results of operations for synthetic oil activities are summarised in the table below.

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Synthetic oil—South Africa |
​ | ​ | (Rand in millions) | ​
Year ended 30 June |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |
Sales to unaffiliated parties |  | — | ​ | — | ​ | — |
Transfers to affiliated parties | ​ | 72 224,2 | ​ | 61 996,5 | ​ | 41 307,2 |
Total revenues | ​ | 72 224,2 | ​ | 61 996,5 | ​ | 41 307,2 |
Production costs | ​ | (34 153,3) | ​ | (30 958,7) | ​ | (27 640,6) |
Foreign currency translation (losses)/gains | ​ | (51,4) | ​ | (17,7) | ​ | 2 098,4 |
Exploration expenses | ​ | (28,1) | ​ | (21,5) | ​ | (40,3) |
Depreciation, amortisation and valuation provisions | ​ | (32 260,1) | ​ | (4 638,0) | ​ | (23 729,3) | (1)​
Operating profit/(loss) | ​ | 5 731,3 | ​ | 26 360,6 | ​ | (8 004,6) |
Tax | ​ | 393,1 | ​ | (6 271,8) | ​ | 2 294,4 |
Results of operations | ​ | 6 124,4 | ​ | 20 088,8 | ​ | (5 710,2) |

(1) | As result of the integrated value chain impairment assessment, management has applied discretion in changing the allocation methodology for impairments. This resulted in the correction of the 2020 accumulated depreciation, amortisation and valuation allowances from R14,8 billion to R12,6 billion in financial year 2021, which is immaterial.

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TABLE 4—PROVED RESERVE QUANTITY INFORMATION

Proved reserves

The table below summarises proved developed and proved undeveloped reserves of synthetic oil as at 30 June, for the last three years. As at 30 June 2023, the total proved reserve estimate for synthetic oil is 1 043,3 million barrels in oil equivalent terms.

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Synthetic oil—South Africa
​ | ​ | (Millions of barrels)
​ |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Opening balance |  | 1 081,2 | ​ | 1 126,4 | ​ | 1 171,6
Revisions | ​ | (5,4) | ​ | (12,6) | ​ | (9,7)
Extensions/discoveries | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | —
Production | ​ | (32,5) | ​ | (32,6) | ​ | (35,5)
Balance at 30 June | ​ | 1 043,3 | ​ | 1 081,2 | ​ | 1 126,4
Proved developed reserves | ​ | 1 043,3 | ​ | 1 081,2 | ​ | 1 126,4
Proved undeveloped reserves | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | —

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TABLE 5—STANDARDISED MEASURE OF DISCOUNTED FUTURE NET CASH FLOWS RELATING TO PROVED RESERVES

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Synthetic oil—South Africa
​ | ​ | (Rand in millions)
Year ended 30 June |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Future cash inflows(1) |  | 1 655 424,1 | ​ | 1 449 554,7 | ​ | 913 301,8
Future production costs |  | (879 607,7) | ​ | (773 811,3) | ​ | (625 923,3)
Future development costs |  | (257 579,0) | ​ | (203 400,6) | ​ | (201 910,1)
Future income taxes |  | (139 924,1) | ​ | (127 532,5) | ​ | (35 537,8)
Undiscounted future net cash flows |  | 378 313,3 | ​ | 344 810,3 | ​ | 49 930,6
10% annual discount for timing of estimated cash flows |  | (242 023,8) | ​ | (210 575,2) | ​ | (33 932,3)
Standardised measure of discounted future net cash flows |  | 136 289,5 | ​ | 134 235,1 | ​ | 15 998,3

(1) | Increase mainly due to an improved outlook on average sales price per barrel resulting from higher global oil prices and the weakening of the rand against the US dollar.

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The standardised measure of discounted future net cash flows, relating to the proved reserves in the table above, are calculated in accordance with the requirements of FASB ASC Section 932-235.

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TABLE 6—CHANGES IN THE STANDARDISED MEASURE OF DISCOUNTED NET CASH FLOWS

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Synthetic oil—South Africa
​ | ​ | (Rand in millions)
​ |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Present value—opening balance |  | 134 235,1 | ​ | 15 998,3 | ​ | (1 472,1)
Net changes for the year |  | 2 054,4 | ​ | 118 236,8 | ​ | 17 470,4
Sales and transfers of oil and gas produced net of production costs |  | (38 070,9) | ​ | (31 037,8) | ​ | (13 666,7)
Development costs incurred |  | 8 944,6 | ​ | 8 485,6 | ​ | 5 848,1
Revisions |  | (23 074,1) | ​ | (12 884,4) | ​ | 2 096,8
Extensions | ​ | — | ​ | — | ​ | —
Net changes in prices and costs related to future production |  | (49 261,1) | ​ | 211 915,7 | ​ | (5 925,9)
Changes in estimated future development costs |  | (22 153,9) | ​ | (3 671,5) | ​ | 34 264,9
Accretion of discount |  | 12 510,6 | ​ | 1 417,9 | ​ | (433,2)
Net change in income tax |  | 3 867,4 | ​ | (36 168,8) | ​ | (5 560,8)
Net change due to exchange rate |  | 109 291,8 | ​ | (19 819,9) | ​ | 847,2
Present value at 30 June |  | 136 289,5 | ​ | 134 235,1 | ​ | 15 998,3

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Excluded from the future earnings, capital expenditure and carrying values are the impacts of the sale of the 16 air separation units located in Secunda. Finalisation of the transaction with Air Liquide was concluded in June 2021 following the approval from the South African competition authorities.

Standardised measure of discounted future net cash flows

The standardised measure of discounted future net cash flows, relating to the proved reserves in the table above, are calculated in accordance with the requirements of FASB ASC Section 932-235. Future cash inflows are computed by applying the prices used in estimating proved reserves to the year-end quantities of those reserves. Future development and production costs are computed by applying the costs used in estimating proved reserves. Future income taxes are computed by applying the appropriate year-end statutory tax rates, with consideration of future tax rates already legislated, to the future pre-tax net cash flows relating to the reserves, less the tax basis of the properties involved. The future income tax expenses therefore give effect to the tax deductions, tax credits and allowances relating to the reserves.

Discounted future net cash flows are the result of subtracting future development and production costs and future income taxes from the cash inflows. A discount rate of 10 percent a year is applied to reflect the timing of the future net cash flows relating to the reserves. The information provided here does not represent management’s estimate of the expected future cash flows or value of the properties. Estimates of reserves are imprecise and will change over time as new information becomes available. Moreover, probable and possible reserves along with other classes of resources, which may become proved reserves in the future, are excluded from the calculations. The valuation prescribed under FASB ASC Section 932 requires assumptions as to the timing and amount of future development and production costs. The calculations are made as of 30 June each year and should not be relied upon as an indication of the companies’ future cash flows or value of synthetic oil reserves.

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ITEM 19. EXHIBITS

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​ | ​ | ​
1.1 |  | Memorandum of incorporation of Sasol Limited
2.1 | ​ | The amount of long-term debt securities issued by Sasol Limited and its subsidiaries authorised under any given instrument does not exceed 10% of the total assets of Sasol Limited and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. Sasol Limited hereby agrees to furnish to the SEC a copy of any such instrument upon its request.
2.2 | ​ | Description of Securities Registered under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
4.1 | ​ | Long-Term Incentive Plan
4.2 | ​ | Trust Deed constituting the Sasol Khanyisa Employee Share Ownership Plan*
8.1 | ​ | List of significant subsidiaries and significant jointly controlled entities*
12.1 | ​ | Certification of Fleetwood Grobler, President and Chief Executive Officer of Sasol Limited, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
12.2 | ​ | Certification of Hanr é Rossouw, Chief Financial Officer of Sasol Limited, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
13.1 | ​ | Certification of Fleetwood Grobler, President and Chief Executive Officer of Sasol Limited, and Hanr é Rossouw, Chief Financial Officer of Sasol Limited, pursuant to 18 US C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
15.1 | ​ | Consent of independent registered public accounting firm—PwC
96.1 | ​ | Technical Report*
99.1 | ​ | Sasol Limited Consolidated Annual Financial Statements
99.2 | ​ | Sasol Limited Remuneration Report
99.3 | ​ | Integrated Report—Performance Overview—Chief Financial Officer’s review
99.4 | ​ | Integrated Report—Preserving and maximising value creation – Our integrated value chains
99.5 | ​ | Integrated Report— Strategic direction
99.6 | ​ | Integrated Report—Operational performance summary
99.7 | ​ | Integrated Report—Governance
99.9.1 | ​ | Sasol Limited Board Charter*
99.9.2 | ​ | Terms of reference—Audit Committee and Remuneration Committee*
101.INS | ​ | Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
101.SCH | ​ | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL | ​ | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF | ​ | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Definition Linkbase
101.LAB | ​ | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Label Linkbase
101.PRE | ​ | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Presentation Linkbase
104 | ​ | Cover Page Interactive Date File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

* Previously Filed with Company’s Form 20-F on 31st August 2022

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SIGNATURE

The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.

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​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | SASOL LIMITED
​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | By:/s/ FLEETWOOD GROBLER
​ | ​ | ​
Date: | 01 September 2023 | ​ | Fleetwood Grobler
​ | ​ | President and Chief Executive Officer
​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Hanré Rossouw
​ | ​ | Chief Financial Officer

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