
	2025	2024
for the year ended 30 June	Rm	Rm
Cash and cash equivalents	38 423	42 967
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	2 627	2 416
	41 050	45 383
Bank overdraft	(1)	(121)
Per the statement of cash flows	41 049	45 262
Cash by currency
Rand	28 480	28 548
Euro	2 258	3 902
US dollar	9 023	11 859
Other currencies	1 288	953
	41 049	45 262

Included in restricted cash and cash equivalents are cash in respect of various special purpose entities and joint operations in the Group for use within those entities.

Cash includes cash on hand and demand deposits that can be withdrawn at any time without prior notice or penalty.

Cash equivalents include short-term highly liquid investments with a maturity period of three months or less at date of purchase and money market funds that are readily convertible to a known amount of cash and are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

Cash restricted for use comprises cash and cash equivalents which are not available for general use by the Group, including amounts held in escrow, trust or other separate bank accounts.

Cash, cash equivalents and cash restricted for use are stated at carrying amount which is deemed to be fair value.

Bank overdrafts that are repayable on demand and that are integral to the Group’s cash management are offset against cash and cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows.

The Statement of cash flows is presented on the direct method. Notes are supplied as supplemental information to the Statement of cash flows. Finance income received, finance costs paid and dividends received and paid are presented under operating activities in the Statement of cash flows.