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Fair Value Measurements | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2025
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Fair Value Measurements | Fair Value Measurements Fair value represents the estimated price at which an orderly transaction to sell an asset or to transfer a liability would take place between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions (i.e., an exit price concept). The valuation methodologies for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis are described in the Fair Value Measurements note in the Corporation’s 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The tables below present the Corporation’s financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis and carrying amounts and estimated fair values of certain financial instruments, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall:
| Sep 30, 2025
(in thousands) | Carrying Amount | Fair Value | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3
Assets |  |  |  |  |
Cash and due from banks | $ | 490,431 |  | $ | 490,431 |  | $ | 490,431 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Interest-bearing deposits in other financial institutions | 802,251 |  | 802,251 |  | 802,251 |  | — |  | — |
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell | 90 |  | 90 |  | 90 |  | — |  | — |
AFS investment securities: |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities) | 3,019 |  | 3,019 |  | — |  | 3,019 |  | — |
Residential mortgage-related securities: |  |  |  |  |
FNMA / FHLMC | 123,560 |  | 123,560 |  | — |  | 123,560 |  | — |
GNMA | 4,862,225 |  | 4,862,225 |  | — |  | 4,862,225 |  | — |
Commercial mortgage-related securities: |  |  |  |  |
FNMA / FHLMC | 16,999 |  | 16,999 |  | — |  | 16,999 |  | — |
GNMA | 109,930 |  | 109,930 |  | — |  | 109,930 |  | — |
Asset backed securities: |  |  |  |  |
FFELP | 98,198 |  | 98,198 |  | — |  | 98,198 |  | — |
SBA | 348 |  | 348 |  | — |  | 348 |  | — |
Other debt securities | 3,000 |  | 3,000 |  | — |  | 3,000 |  | — |
Total AFS investment securities | 5,217,278 |  | 5,217,278 |  | — |  | 5,217,278 |  | — |
HTM investment securities: |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities | 995 |  | 1,014 |  | 1,014 |  | — |  | — |
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities) | 1,637,318 |  | 1,485,396 |  | — |  | 1,485,396 |  | — |
Residential mortgage-related securities: |  |  |  |  |
FNMA / FHLMC | 836,619 |  | 705,725 |  | — |  | 705,725 |  | — |
GNMA | 40,301 |  | 37,871 |  | — |  | 37,871 |  | — |
Private-label | 307,569 |  | 261,038 |  | — |  | 261,038 |  | — |
Commercial mortgage-related securities: |  |  |  |  |
FNMA / FHLMC | 766,482 |  | 649,352 |  | — |  | 649,352 |  | — |
GNMA | 46,855 |  | 41,998 |  | — |  | 41,998 |  | — |
Total HTM investment securities | 3,636,139 |  | 3,182,394 |  | 1,014 |  | 3,181,380 |  | — |
Equity securities: |  |  |  |  |
Equity securities | 11,000 |  | 11,000 |  | 10,942 |  | — |  | 58 |
Equity securities at NAV | 15,000 |  | 15,000 |  |  |  |
Total equity securities | 26,000 |  | 26,000 |  |  |  |
FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank stocks | 251,642 |  | 251,642 |  | — |  | 251,642 |  | — |
Residential loans held for sale | 74,563 |  | 74,563 |  | — |  | 74,563 |  | — |
Loans, net | 30,558,859 |  | 29,800,771 |  | — |  | — |  | 29,800,771 |
Bank and corporate owned life insurance | 693,511 |  | 693,511 |  | — |  | 693,511 |  | — |
Mortgage servicing rights, net | 85,063 |  | 85,063 |  | — |  | — |  | 85,063 |
Interest rate-related instruments designated as hedging instruments(a) | 11,063 |  | 11,063 |  | — |  | 11,063 |  | — |
Foreign currency exchange forwards designated as hedging instruments(a) | 949 |  | 949 |  | — |  | 949 |  | — |
Interest rate-related and other instruments not designated as hedging instruments(a) | 74,500 |  | 74,500 |  | — |  | 74,500 |  | — |
Foreign currency exchange forwards not designated as hedging instruments(a) | 3,200 |  | 3,200 |  | — |  | 3,200 |  | — |
Interest rate lock commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale | 1,129 |  | 1,129 |  | — |  | — |  | 1,129 |
Total selected assets at fair value | $ | 41,926,669 |  | $ | 40,714,835 |  | $ | 1,304,728 |  | $ | 9,508,086 |  | $ | 29,887,021 |
(a) Figures are presented gross before netting. See Note 9 and Note 10 for information relating to the impact of offsetting derivative assets and liabilities and cash collateral with the same counterparty where there is a legally enforceable master netting agreement in place.
| Sep 30, 2025
(in thousands) | Carrying Amount | Fair Value | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |
Deposits: |  |  |  |  |
Noninterest-bearing demand | $ | 5,906,251 |  | $ | 5,906,251 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 5,906,251 |
Savings | 5,380,574 |  | 5,380,574 |  | — |  | — |  | 5,380,574 |
Interest-bearing demand(a) | 9,136,107 |  | 9,136,107 |  | — |  | — |  | 9,136,107 |
Money market(a) | 6,455,589 |  | 6,455,589 |  | — |  | — |  | 6,455,589 |
Brokered CDs(b) | 3,956,517 |  | 3,956,517 |  | — |  | 3,956,517 |  | — |
Other time deposits(b) | 4,046,815 |  | 4,046,815 |  | — |  | 4,046,815 |  | — |
Total deposits | 34,881,853 |  | 34,881,853 |  | — |  | 8,003,332 |  | 26,878,521 |
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase | 399,665 |  | 400,172 |  | — |  | 400,172 |  | — |
FHLB advances | 3,220,679 |  | 3,220,562 |  | — |  | 3,220,562 |  | — |
Other long-term funding | 594,074 |  | 599,184 |  | — |  | 599,184 |  | — |
Standby letters of credit(c) | 2,224 |  | 2,224 |  | — |  | 2,224 |  | — |
Interest rate-related instruments designated as hedging instruments(d) | 46 |  | 46 |  | — |  | 46 |  | — |
Foreign currency exchange forwards designated as hedging instruments(d) | 866 |  | 866 |  | — |  | 866 |  | — |
Interest rate-related and other instruments not designated as hedging instruments(d) | 110,250 |  | 110,250 |  | — |  | 110,250 |  | — |
Foreign currency exchange forwards not designated as hedging instruments(d) | 2,952 |  | 2,952 |  | — |  | 2,952 |  | — |
Forward commitments to sell residential mortgage loans | 450 |  | 450 |  | — |  | — |  | 450 |
Total selected liabilities at fair value | $ | 39,213,059 |  | $ | 39,218,558 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 12,339,588 |  | $ | 26,878,970 |
(a) A portion of network transaction deposits are included within this deposit category. (b) When the estimated fair value is less than the carrying value, the carrying value is reported as the fair value. (c) The commitment on standby letters of credit was $221.9 million at September 30, 2025. See Note 11 for additional information on the standby letters of credit and for information on the fair value of lending-related commitments. (d) Figures are presented gross before netting. See Note 9 and Note 10 for information relating to the impact of offsetting derivative assets and liabilities and cash collateral with the same counterparty where there is a legally enforceable master netting agreement in place.
| Dec 31, 2024
(in thousands) | Carrying Amount | Fair Value | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3
Assets |  |  |  |  |
Cash and due from banks | $ | 544,059 |  | $ | 544,059 |  | $ | 544,059 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Interest-bearing deposits in other financial institutions | 453,590 |  | 453,590 |  | 453,590 |  | — |  | — |
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell | 21,955 |  | 21,955 |  | 21,955 |  | — |  | — |
AFS investment securities: |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities) | 3,005 |  | 3,005 |  | — |  | 3,005 |  | — |
Residential mortgage-related securities: |  |  |  |  |
FNMA / FHLMC | 110,928 |  | 110,928 |  | — |  | 110,928 |  | — |
GNMA | 4,227,727 |  | 4,227,727 |  | — |  | 4,227,727 |  | — |
Commercial mortgage-related securities: |  |  |  |  |
FNMA / FHLMC | 17,000 |  | 17,000 |  | — |  | 17,000 |  | — |
GNMA | 111,475 |  | 111,475 |  | — |  | 111,475 |  | — |
Asset backed securities: |  |  |  |  |
FFELP | 107,839 |  | 107,839 |  | — |  | 107,839 |  | — |
SBA | 471 |  | 471 |  | — |  | 471 |  | — |
Other debt securities | 2,989 |  | 2,989 |  | — |  | 2,989 |  | — |
Total AFS investment securities | 4,581,434 |  | 4,581,434 |  | — |  | 4,581,434 |  | — |
HTM investment securities: |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities | 1,000 |  | 999 |  | 999 |  | — |  | — |
Obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal securities), net | 1,659,662 |  | 1,486,582 |  | — |  | 1,486,582 |  | — |
Residential mortgage-related securities: |  |  |  |  |
FNMA / FHLMC | 885,476 |  | 721,946 |  | — |  | 721,946 |  | — |
GNMA | 43,693 |  | 39,927 |  | — |  | 39,927 |  | — |
Private-label | 324,182 |  | 266,353 |  | — |  | 266,353 |  | — |
Commercial mortgage-related securities: |  |  |  |  |
FNMA / FHLMC | 772,456 |  | 623,595 |  | — |  | 623,595 |  | — |
GNMA | 52,219 |  | 46,032 |  | — |  | 46,032 |  | — |
Total HTM investment securities, net | 3,738,687 |  | 3,185,434 |  | 999 |  | 3,184,435 |  | — |
Equity securities: |  |  |  |  |
Equity securities | 10,742 |  | 10,742 |  | 10,670 |  | — |  | 72 |
Equity securities at NAV | 12,500 |  | 12,500 |  |  |  |
Total equity securities | 23,242 |  | 23,242 |  |  |  |
FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank stocks | 179,665 |  | 179,665 |  | — |  | 179,665 |  | — |
Residential loans held for sale | 646,687 |  | 646,687 |  | — |  | 646,687 |  | — |
Commercial loans held for sale | 32,634 |  | 32,634 |  | — |  | 32,634 |  | — |
Loans, net | 29,373,557 |  | 28,327,115 |  | — |  | — |  | 28,327,115 |
Bank and corporate owned life insurance | 689,000 |  | 689,000 |  | — |  | 689,000 |  | — |
Mortgage servicing rights, net | 87,683 |  | 87,683 |  | — |  | — |  | 87,683 |
Interest rate-related instruments designated as hedging instruments(a) | 2,960 |  | 2,960 |  | — |  | 2,960 |  | — |
Foreign currency exchange forwards designated as hedging instruments(a) | 2,457 |  | 2,457 |  | — |  | 2,457 |  | — |
Interest rate-related and other instruments not designated as hedging instruments(a) | 88,541 |  | 88,541 |  | — |  | 88,541 |  | — |
Foreign currency exchange forwards not designated as hedging instruments(a) | 4,315 |  | 4,315 |  | — |  | 4,315 |  | — |
Interest rate lock commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale | 327 |  | 327 |  | — |  | — |  | 327 |
Forward commitments to sell residential mortgage loans | 254 |  | 254 |  | — |  | — |  | 254 |
Total selected assets at fair value | $ | 40,471,048 |  | $ | 38,871,352 |  | $ | 1,031,273 |  | $ | 9,412,129 |  | $ | 28,415,450 |
(a) Figures are presented gross before netting. See Note 9 and Note 10 for information relating to the impact of offsetting derivative assets and liabilities and cash collateral with the same counterparty where there is a legally enforceable master netting agreement in place.
| Dec 31, 2024
(in thousands) | Carrying Amount | Fair Value | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |
Deposits: |  |  |  |  |
Noninterest-bearing demand | $ | 5,775,657 |  | $ | 5,775,657 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 5,775,657 |
Savings | 5,133,295 |  | 5,133,295 |  | — |  | — |  | 5,133,295 |
Interest-bearing demand | 9,124,741 |  | 9,124,741 |  | — |  | — |  | 9,124,741 |
Money market | 6,637,915 |  | 6,637,915 |  | — |  | — |  | 6,637,915 |
Brokered CDs(a) | 4,276,309 |  | 4,276,309 |  | — |  | 4,276,309 |  | — |
Other time deposits(a) | 3,700,518 |  | 3,700,518 |  | — |  | 3,700,518 |  | — |
Total deposits | 34,648,434 |  | 34,648,434 |  | — |  | 7,976,827 |  | 26,671,607 |
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase | 470,369 |  | 470,370 |  | — |  | 470,370 |  | — |
FHLB advances | 1,853,807 |  | 1,852,685 |  | — |  | 1,852,685 |  | — |
Other long-term funding | 837,635 |  | 823,991 |  | — |  | 823,991 |  | — |
Standby letters of credit(b) | 2,546 |  | 2,546 |  | — |  | 2,546 |  | — |
Interest rate-related instruments designated as hedging instruments(c) | 2,976 |  | 2,976 |  | — |  | 2,976 |  | — |
Foreign currency exchange forwards designated as hedging instruments(c) | 563 |  | 563 |  | — |  | 563 |  | — |
Interest rate-related and other instruments not designated as hedging instruments(c) | 170,928 |  | 170,928 |  | — |  | 170,928 |  | — |
Foreign currency exchange forwards not designated as hedging instruments(c) | 4,106 |  | 4,106 |  | — |  | 4,106 |  | — |
Total selected liabilities at fair value | $ | 37,991,364 |  | $ | 37,976,599 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 11,304,992 |  | $ | 26,671,607 |
(a) When the estimated fair value is less than the carrying value, the carrying value is reported as the fair value. (b) The commitment on standby letters of credit was $253.7 million at December 31, 2024. See Note 11 for additional information on the standby letters of credit and for information on the fair value of lending-related commitments. (c) Figures are presented gross before netting. See Note 9 and Note 10 for information relating to the impact of offsetting derivative assets and liabilities and cash collateral with the same counterparty where there is a legally enforceable master netting agreement in place. The table below presents a rollforward of the consolidated balance sheets amounts for the Corporation's mortgage derivatives measured on a recurring basis and classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy:
(in thousands) | Interest rate lock commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale | Forward commitments to sell residential mortgage loans |
Balance December 31, 2023 | $ | 439 |  | $ | 673 |  |
New production | 11,771 |  | (4,000) |  |
Closed loans / settlements | (8,816) |  | 3,512 |  |
Other | (3,068) |  | (438) |  |
Change in mortgage derivative | (113) |  | (927) |  |
Balance December 31, 2024 | 327 |  | (254) |  |
New production | 10,261 |  | (2,709) |  |
Closed loans / settlements | (9,979) |  | 2,209 |  |
Other | 521 |  | 1,204 |  |
Change in mortgage derivative | 803 |  | 703 |  |
Balance September 30, 2025 | $ | 1,129 |  | $ | 450 |  |
The following table presents a rollforward of the fair value of Level 3 equity securities that are measured under the measurement alternative, and the related adjustments recorded during the periods presented for those securities with observable price changes:
(in thousands) |
Fair value as of December 31, 2023 | $ | 24,769 |
Gains recognized in investment securities gains, net | 4,054 |
Purchases | 22 |
Sales | (28,772) |
Fair value as of December 31, 2024 | $ | 72 |
Purchases | 10 |
Sales | (23) |
Fair value as of September 30, 2025 | $ | 58 |
The table below presents the Corporation’s assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall:
(in thousands) | Fair Value Hierarchy | Fair Value | Consolidated Statements of Income Category of Adjustment Recognized in Income | Adjustment Recognized on the Consolidated Statements of Income
Sep 30, 2025 |  |  |  |
Assets |  |  |
Individually evaluated loans | Level 3 | $ | 14,764 |  | Provision for credit losses | $ | 12,304 |
OREO(a) | Level 2 | 2,435 |  | Other noninterest expense / provision for credit losses(b) | 4,391 |
Dec 31, 2024 |  |  |  |
Assets |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated loans | Level 3 | $ | 31,483 |  | Provision for credit losses | $ | 17,454 |
OREO(a) | Level 2 | 276 |  | Other noninterest expense / provision for credit losses(b) | 1,067 |
(a) If the fair value of the collateral exceeds the carrying amount of the asset, no charge off or adjustment is necessary, the asset is not considered to be carried at fair value and is therefore not included in the table. (b) When a property's value is written down at the time it is transferred to OREO, the charge off is booked to the provision for credit losses. When a property is already in OREO and subsequently written down, the charge off is booked to other noninterest expense. The table below presents the unobservable inputs that are readily quantifiable pertaining to Level 3 measurements:
Sep 30, 2025 | Valuation Technique | Significant Unobservable Input | Range of Inputs | Weighted Average Input Applied
Mortgage servicing rights | Discounted cash flow | Option adjusted spread | 5% | - | 8% | 5%
Mortgage servicing rights | Discounted cash flow | Constant prepayment rate | —% | - | 100% | 7%
Individually evaluated loans | Appraisals | Collateral | 100% | - | 100% | 100%
Individually evaluated loans(a) | Discounted cash flow | Discount factor | 20% | - | 90% | 62%
Interest rate lock commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale | Discounted cash flow | Closing ratio | 67% | - | 100% | 92%

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (bbb)(1) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 55 -Paragraph 107 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-107 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 55 -Paragraph 100 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-100 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (c)(3) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2E -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2E Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (h) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (f) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (e) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (d) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (h) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (g) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 940 -SubTopic 820 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478119/940-820-50-1 + Details
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