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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Loss Before Income Tax Provision
Loss before income tax provision (benefit) consisted of the following (in thousands):
For the year ended December 31, 
2017 2016 2015 
United States $(44,246)$(43,952)$(42,788)
Foreign (119)(1)(618)
Total $(44,365)$(43,953)$(43,406)
Schedule of Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes
The provision (benefit) for income taxes consisted of the following (in thousands):
For the year ended December 31, 
2017 2016 2015 
Current 
State $42 $12 $69 
Foreign 19 44 — 
Total Current $61 $56 $69 
Deferred 
Federal $— $(32)$(76)
Total Deferred $— $(32)$(76)
Total $61 $24 $(7)
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation
The items accounting for the difference between income taxes computed at the federal statutory income tax rate and the provision for income taxes consisted of the following (in thousands):
For the year ended December 31, 
2017 2016 2015 
Federal statutory rate 35.0 %35.0 %35.0 %
Effect of: 
Tax benefit at federal statutory rate $(15,528)$(15,384)$(15,192)
State taxes, net of federal benefit (1,802)(1,377)(1,833)
Revaluation of deferred tax items due to tax rate change (federal and state) 22,880 — — 
Revaluation of deferred tax asset for current year net operating loss due to tax rate change 4,134 — — 
Permanent differences including section 162(m) limitations, stock compensation, gain on foreign restructuring, and meals & entertainment 5,141 1,292 636 
Tax benefit of federal R&D credit (2,366)(1,781)(1,270)
Recognition of excess tax benefits related to share-based payments (3,606)— — 
Valuation allowance (8,586)17,013 17,697 
Other (206)261 (45)
Total income tax provision $61 $24 $(7)
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
The components of deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows (in thousands):
As of December 31, 
2017 2016 
Deferred tax assets: 
Property and equipment $15 $12 
Accruals and reserves 199 1,104 
Deferred rent 931 1,565 
Compensation and benefits 11,973 16,048 
Deferred revenue 4,762 3,255 
Net operating loss and credits 41,108 45,625 
Other 167 180 
Total deferred tax assets 59,155 67,789 
Valuation allowance (58,639)(67,225)
Total deferred tax assets 516 564 
Deferred tax liabilities: 
Property and equipment (440)(403)
Other deferred tax liabilities (76)(161)
Deferred tax liabilities (516)(564)
Total $— $— 
Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits
A reconciliation of the gross unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands):
For the year ended December 31, 
2017 2016 
Unrecognized tax benefits-beginning of period $168 $— 
Additions for tax positions related to prior year — 168 
Reductions for tax positions related to prior year — — 
Foreign currency adjustments 23 — 
Additions for tax positions related to current year — — 
Unrecognized tax benefits-end of period $191 $168