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Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2011
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies | (1) SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES The accounting and reporting policies of BancFirst Corporation and its subsidiaries (the "Company") conform to generally accepted accounting principles and general practice within the banking industry. A summary of the significant accounting policies follows. Nature of Operations BancFirst Corporation is an Oklahoma business corporation and a financial holding company under Federal law. It conducts virtually all of its operating activities through its principal wholly-owned subsidiary, BancFirst (the "Bank" or "BancFirst"), a state-chartered bank headquartered in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. The Bank provides a wide range of retail and commercial banking services, including: commercial, real estate, agricultural and consumer lending; depository and funds transfer services; collections; safe deposit boxes; cash management services; retail brokerage services; and other services tailored for both individual and corporate customers. The Bank also offers trust services and acts as executor, administrator, trustee, transfer agent and in various other fiduciary capacities. Through its Technology and Operations Center, the Bank provides item processing, research and other correspondent banking services to financial institutions and governmental units. Basis of Presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of BancFirst Corporation, Council Oak Partners, LLC, BancFirst Insurance Services Inc., 1 st Bank Oklahoma and BancFirst and its subsidiaries. The principal operating subsidiaries of BancFirst are Council Oak Investment Corporation, Council Oak Real Estate Inc., BancFirst Agency, Inc., and BancFirst Community Development Corporation. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Assets held in a fiduciary or agency capacity are not assets of the Company and, accordingly, are not included in the consolidated financial statements. Certain amounts from 2010 and 2009 have been reclassified to conform to the 2011 presentation. These reclassifications were not material to the Company's financial statements. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States inherently involves the use of estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the related disclosures. These estimates relate principally to the determination of the allowance for loan losses, income taxes, the fair value of financial instruments and the valuation of intangibles. Such estimates and assumptions may change over time and actual amounts realized may differ from those reported. Securities The Company does not engage in securities trading activities. Any sales of securities are for the purpose of executing the Company's asset/liability management strategy, eliminating a perceived credit risk in a specific security, or providing liquidity. Securities that are being held for indefinite periods of time, or that may be sold as part of the Company's asset/liability management strategy, to provide liquidity or for other reasons, are classified as available for sale and are stated at estimated market value. Unrealized gains or losses on securities available for sale are reported as a component of stockholders' equity, net of income tax. Gains or losses from sales of securities are based upon the book values of the specific securities sold. Securities for which the Company has the intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as held for investment and are stated at cost, adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts computed under the interest method. The Company reviews its portfolio of securities for impairment at least quarterly. Impairment is considered to be other-than-temporary if it is likely that all amounts contractually due will not be received for debt securities and when there is no positive evidence indicating that an investment's carrying amount is recoverable in the near term for equity securities. When impairment is considered other-than-temporary, the cost basis of the security is written down to fair value, with the impairment charge included in earnings. In evaluating whether the impairment is temporary or other-than-temporary, the Company considers, among other things, the time period the security has been in an unrealized loss position, and whether the Company has the intent and ability to hold a security for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. Loans Loans originated within the bank are stated at the principal amount outstanding, net of unearned interest, loan fees, and allowance for loan losses. Interest income on certain installment loans is recorded by use of a method that produces a reasonable approximation of a constant yield on the outstanding principal. Interest on all other performing loans is recognized, on a simple interest basis, based upon the principal amount outstanding. A loan is placed on nonaccrual status when, in the opinion of management, the future collectability of interest and/or principal is not probable. When interest accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed. Interest income is recognized on certain of these loans on a cash basis if the full collection of the remaining principal balance is reasonably expected. Otherwise, interest income is not recognized until the principal balance is fully collected. See Note (5) for loan disclosures. Acquired Loans Loans acquired through business combinations since December 2009 are required to be carried at fair value as of the date of the combination. Loans that would have a general allowance for loan losses or have specific evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination are adjusted to fair value and any allowance for loan losses is eliminated. The fair value adjustment estimates the current value of the loans for which it is probable, at acquisition, that the Company will be unable to collect all contractually required payments (as determined by the present value of expected future cash flows). The difference between the undiscounted cash flows expected at acquisition and the investment in the loan, or the "accretable yield," is recognized in interest income on a level-yield method over the life of the loan. Contractually required payments for interest and principal that exceed the undiscounted cash flows expected at acquisition, or the "nonaccretable difference," are not recognized as yield adjustments or as loss accruals or valuation allowances. Increases in expected cash flows subsequent to the initial investment are recognized prospectively through adjustment of the yield on the loan over its remaining life. Decreases in expected cash flows are recognized as impairments. Any probable loss due to subsequent credit deterioration of the loans since acquisition is provided for in the allowance for loan losses. Loans Held For Sale The Company originates mortgage loans to be sold. At the time of origination, the acquiring bank has already been determined and the terms of the loan, including the interest rate, have already been set by the acquiring bank allowing the Company to originate the loan at fair value. Mortgage loans are generally sold within 30 days of origination. Loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or market. Gains or losses recognized upon the sale of the loans are determined on a specific identification basis. Allowance for Loan Losses The allowance for loan losses is an estimate of probable credit losses related to specifically identified loans and for losses inherent in the portfolio that have been incurred as of the balance sheet date. The allowance for loan losses is increased by provisions charged to operating expense and is reduced by net loan charge-offs. The amount of the allowance for loan losses is based on past loan loss experience, evaluations of known impaired loans, levels of adversely graded loans, general economic conditions and other environmental factors. Loans are considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due in accordance with the original contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled principal and interest payments. Impairment is evaluated in aggregate for smaller-balance loans of a similar nature and on an individual loan basis for other loans. If a loan is impaired, a specific allowance is provided, if necessary, so that the loan is reported net, at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan's existing rate or at the fair value of collateral if repayment is expected primarily from the collateral. Interest payments on impaired loans are typically applied to principal unless collectability of the principal amount is reasonably assured, in which case interest is recognized on a cash basis. Impaired loans, or portions thereof, are charged off when deemed uncollectible. Premises and Equipment Premises and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is charged to operating expense and is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred while improvements are capitalized. Premises and equipment is tested for impairment if events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate that the carrying amount of any premises and equipment may not be recoverable. Impairment losses are measured by comparing the fair values of the premises and equipment with their recorded amounts. Premises that are identified to be sold are transferred to other real estate owned at the lower of their carrying amounts or their fair market values less estimated costs to sell. Any losses on premises identified to be sold are charged to operating expense. When premises and equipment are transferred to other real estate owned, sold, or otherwise retired, the cost and applicable accumulated depreciation are removed from the respective accounts and any resulting gains or losses are reported in the statement of comprehensive income. Other Real Estate Owned Other real estate owned consists of properties acquired through foreclosure proceedings or acceptance of a deed in lieu of foreclosure, and premises held for sale. These properties are carried at the lower of the book values of the related loans or fair market values based upon appraisals, less estimated costs to sell. Losses arising at the time of reclassification of such properties from loans to other real estate owned are charged directly to the allowance for loan losses. Any losses on premises identified to be sold are charged to operating expense at the time of transfer from premises to other real estate owned. Losses from declines in value of the properties subsequent to classification as other real estate owned are charged to operating expense. Intangible Assets and Goodwill Core deposit intangibles are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of seven to ten years. Goodwill is not amortized, but is evaluated at a reporting unit level at least annually for impairment or more frequently if other indicators of impairment are present. Customer relationship intangibles are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of eight to eighteen years. Mortgage servicing rights are amortized based on current prepayment assumptions. All intangible assets are reviewed annually in the fourth quarter for impairment. Impairment losses are measured by comparing the fair values of the intangible assets with their recorded amounts. Any impairment losses are reported in the statement of comprehensive income. Derivatives The Company recognizes all of its derivative instruments as assets or liabilities in the balance sheet at fair value and recognizes the realized and unrealized change in fair value in the statement of comprehensive income. Stock-Based Compensation The Company recognizes stock-based compensation as compensation cost in the statement of comprehensive income based on the fair value of the Company's stock options on the measurement date, which, for the Company, is the date of the grant. The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and is based on certain assumptions including risk-free rate of return, dividend yield, stock price volatility, and the expected term. The fair value of each option is expensed over its vesting period. Income Taxes The Company files a consolidated income tax return with its subsidiaries. Federal and state income tax expense or benefit has been allocated to subsidiaries on a separate return basis. Deferred taxes are recognized under the liability method based upon the future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and tax basis of assets and liabilities, using the tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the periods when the related temporary differences are expected to be realized. Realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of a sufficient level of future taxable income and recoverable taxes paid in prior years. Although realization is not assured, management believes it is more likely than not that all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. Earnings Per Common Share Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing net income, less any preferred dividends requirement, by the weighted average of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per common share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if options, convertible securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that then shared in the earnings of the Company. Comprehensive Income Comprehensive income includes all changes in stockholders' equity during a period, except those resulting from transactions with stockholders. Besides net income, other components of the Company's comprehensive income includes the after tax effect of changes in the net unrealized gain/loss on securities available for sale. Statement of Cash Flows For purposes of the statement of cash flows, the Company considers cash and due from banks, and interest-bearing deposits with banks as cash equivalents. Recent Accounting Pronouncements The Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") was effective for the Company's financial statements for periods ending after September 15, 2009. On July 1, 2009, the ASC became the single source of authoritative non-governmental U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). Rules and interpretive releases of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under authority of Federal securities laws are also sources of authoritative guidance for SEC registrants. All guidance contained in the Codification carries an equal level of authority. All non-grandfathered, non-SEC accounting literature not included in the Codification is superseded and deemed non-authoritative. Implementation of the ASC did not have a significant impact on the Company's financial statements. In December 2011, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2011-12, "Comprehensive Income (Topic 220)—Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05." ASU 2011-12 defers changes in ASU No. 2011-05 that relate to the presentation of reclassification adjustments to allow the FASB time to redeliberate whether to require presentation of such adjustments on the face of the financial statements to show the effects of reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income on the components of net income and other comprehensive income. ASU 2011-12 allows entities to continue to report reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income consistent with the presentation requirements in effect before ASU No. 2011-05. All other requirements in ASU No. 2011-05 are not affected by ASU No. 2011-12. ASU 2011-12 is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2011 and is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company's financial statements. In November 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-11, "Balance Sheet (Topic 210)—Disclosure about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities." ASU 2011-11 is an amendment to require an entity to disclose both net and gross information about offsetting assets and liabilities to enable users of its financial statements to understand the effect of those arrangements. Arrangements include derivatives, sale and repurchase agreements and transactions, securities borrowing and securities lending arrangements. ASU 2011-11 is effective for annual and interim periods beginning on January 1, 2013 and is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company's financial statements. In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-08, "Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350)." ASU 2011-08 is an update to simplify how entities test for goodwill impairment. The amendments in the update permit the Company to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If these factors determined that the fair value exceeds the carrying amount then the Company is not required to calculate the fair value of the reporting unit. The Company adopted ASU 2011-08 as of September 30, 2011. Adoption of ASU 2011-08 did not have a significant effect on the Company's financial statements. In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, "Comprehensive Income (Topic 220)—Presentation of Comprehensive Income." ASU 2011-05 is an update to improve the comparability, consistency, and transparency of financial reporting, to increase the prominence of items reported in other comprehensive income, and to facilitate convergence of GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS"). The Company adopted ASU 2011-05 as of September 30, 2011, and it applies retrospectively. The adoption of ASU 2011-05 did not have a significant effect on the Company's financial statements. In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-04, "Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820)—Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in GAAP and IFRS." ASU 2011-04 is an update to explain how to measure fair value. This amendment does not require additional fair value measurements and is not intended to establish valuation standards or affect valuation practices outside of financial reporting. This amendment was put forth in order to describe many of the requirements in GAAP for measuring fair value and for disclosing information about fair value measurements consistent with IFRS. ASU 2011-04 is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 16, 2011, and applies prospectively. Adoption of ASU 2011-04 is not expected to have a significant effect on the Company's financial statements. In April 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-02, "Receivables (Topic 310)—A Creditor's Determination of Whether a Restructuring Is a Troubled Debt Restructuring." ASU 2011-02 clarifies which loan modifications constitute troubled debt restructurings and is intended to assist creditors in determining whether a modification of the terms of a receivable meets the criteria to be considered a troubled debt restructuring, both for purposes of recording an impairment loss and for disclosure of troubled debt restructurings. In evaluating whether a restructuring constitutes a troubled debt restructuring, a creditor must separately conclude, under the guidance clarified by ASU 2011-02, that both of the following exist: (a) the restructuring constitutes a concession; and (b) the debtor is experiencing financial difficulties. ASU 2011-02 was effective for the Company on July 1, 2011, and applies retrospectively to restructurings occurring on or after January 1, 2011. Adoption of ASU 2011-02 did not have a significant effect on the Company's financial statements. In December 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-29 "Business Combinations (Topic 805)—Disclosures of Supplementary Pro Forma Information for Business Combinations." The amendments in this update affect any public entity as defined in Topic 805 that enters into business combinations that are material on an individual or aggregate basis. The amendments in the update specify that if a public entity presents comparative financial statements, the entity should disclose revenue and earnings of the combined entity as though the business combination(s) that occurred during the current year had occurred as of the beginning of the comparable prior annual reporting period only. The amendments in this update also expand the supplemental pro forma disclosures under Topic 805 to include a description of the nature and amount of material, nonrecurring pro forma adjustments directly attributable to the business combination included in the reported pro forma revenue and earnings. The amendments in this update were effective prospectively for business combinations for which the acquisition date was on or after December 15, 2010. The Company did not have any material business combination(s) for the periods presented. The adoption of this update did not have an effect on the Company's financial statements. In December 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-28 "Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350)—When to Perform Step 2 of the Goodwill Impairment Test for Reporting Units with Zero or Negative Carrying Amounts." The amendments in this update affect all entities that have recognized goodwill and have one or more reporting units whose carrying amount for purposes of performing Step 1 of the goodwill impairment test is zero or negative. For public entities, the amendments in this update were effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2010. The Company does not have any reporting units with zero or negative carrying amounts, therefore the adoption of this update did not have an effect on the Company's financial statements. In July 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-20 "Receivables (Topic 310)—Disclosures about the Credit Quality of Financing Receivables and the Allowance for Credit Losses," which expands the disclosure requirements concerning the credit quality of an entity's financing receivables and its allowance for loan losses. The new disclosures that relate to information as of the end of the reporting period were effective as of December 31, 2010, whereas the disclosures related to activity that occurred during the reporting periods were effective January 1, 2011. The adoption of this disclosure-only guidance did not have an effect on the Company's financial statements. See Note (5) for disclosure. In January 2010 the FASB issued ASU 2010-06 "Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (Topic 820): Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements." ASU 2010-06 amends Codification Subtopic 820-10 to now require entities to make new disclosures about the different classes of assets and liabilities measured at fair value. The new requirements are as follows: (1) a reporting entity should disclose separately the amounts of significant transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 fair value measurements and the reasons for the transfers, and (2) in the reconciliation for fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3), a reporting entity should present separately information on purchases, sales, issuances and settlements on a gross basis. The FASB also clarified existing fair value measurement disclosure guidance about the level of disaggregation of assets and liabilities, and information about the valuation techniques and inputs used in estimating Level 2 and Level 3 fair value measurements. Except for certain detailed Level 3 disclosures, which were effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010 and interim periods within those fiscal years, the new guidance was effective for the Company's financial statements for the periods ending after December 15, 2009. The adoption of this disclosure-only guidance did not have an effect on the Company's financial statements. See Note (20) for disclosure. In April 2009, the FASB issued ASC Topic 320 "Investments – Debt and Equity Securities Recognition and Presentation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments" amends the other-than-temporary impairment guidance under GAAP for debt securities to make the guidance more operational and improve the presentation and disclosure in the financial statements. The ASU specifies that if a company does not have the intent to sell a debt security prior to recovery and it is more likely than not that it will not have to sell the debt security prior to recovery; the security would not be considered other-than-temporarily impaired unless there is a credit loss. The credit loss component of other-than-temporarily impaired debt security must be determined based on the company's best estimate of cash flows expected to be collected. This guidance became effective for the interim and annual periods ending after June 15, 2009. Implementation of this pronouncement did not have a significant impact on the Company's financial statements. See Note (4) for disclosure.

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