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Fair Value Measurements | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Fair Value Measurements | (21) FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS Accounting standards define fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or the price paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market available to the entity in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy for valuation inputs that gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. The fair value hierarchy is as follows: • Level 1 Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. • Level 2 Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset and liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument. • Level 3 Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation. This category includes certain collaterally dependent loans, impaired loans, repossessed assets, other real estate owned, goodwill and other intangible assets. Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis A description of the valuation methodologies and key inputs used to measure financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy, is set forth below. These valuation methodologies were applied to the following categories of the Company’s financial assets and financial liabilities. Debt Securities Available for Sale Debt securities classified as available for sale are reported at fair value. U.S. Treasuries are valued using Level 1 inputs. Other debt securities available for sale including U.S. federal agencies, registered mortgage backed debt securities and state and political subdivisions are valued using prices from an independent pricing service utilizing Level 2 data. The fair value measurements consider observable data that may include dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, the U.S. Treasury yield curve, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information and the bond’s terms and conditions, among other things. The Company also invests in private label mortgage backed debt securities for which observable information is not readily available. These debt securities are reported at fair value utilizing Level 3 inputs. For these debt securities, management determines the fair value based on replacement cost, the income approach or information provided by outside consultants or lead investors. Discount rates are primarily based on reference to interest rate spreads on comparable debt securities of similar duration and credit rating as determined by the nationally recognized rating agencies adjusted for a lack of trading volume. Significant unobservable inputs are developed by investment securities professionals involved in the active trading of similar debt securities. The Company reviews the prices for Level 1 and Level 2 debt securities supplied by the independent pricing service for reasonableness and to ensure such prices are aligned with traditional pricing matrices. In general, the Company does not purchase investment portfolio debt securities that are esoteric or that have complicated structures. The Company’s portfolio primarily consists of traditional investments including U.S. Treasury obligations, federal agency mortgage pass-through debt securities, general obligation municipal bonds and a small amount of municipal revenue bonds. Pricing for such instruments is fairly generic and is easily obtained. For in-state bond issues that have relatively low issue sizes and liquidity, the Company utilizes the same parameters for pricing mentioned in the preceding paragraph adjusted for the specific issue. Periodically, the Company will validate prices supplied by the independent pricing service by comparison to prices obtained from third party sources. Derivatives Derivatives are reported at fair value utilizing Level 2 inputs. The Company obtains dealer and market quotations to value its oil and gas swaps and options. The Company utilizes dealer quotes and observable market data inputs to substantiate internal valuation models. The following table summarizes financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of the periods presented, segregated by the level of the valuation inputs within the fair value hierarchy utilized to measure fair value:
|  | Level 1 Inputs |  |  | Level 2 Inputs |  |  | Level 3 Inputs |  |  | Total Fair Value |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
December 31, 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debt securities available for sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury |  | $ | 1,498,045 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,498,045 |
U.S. federal agencies |  |  | — |  |  |  | 11,770 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 11,770 |
Mortgage-backed securities |  |  | — |  |  |  | 14,795 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 14,795 |
States and political subdivisions |  |  | — |  |  |  | 9,830 |  |  |  | 180 |  |  |  | 10,010 |
Asset backed securities |  |  | — |  |  |  | 12,512 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 12,512 |
Other debt securities |  |  | — |  |  |  | 6,773 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 6,773 |
Derivative assets |  |  | — |  |  |  | 41,099 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 41,099 |
Derivative liabilities |  |  | — |  |  |  | 39,176 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 39,176 |
December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debt securities available for sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury |  | $ | 1,477,864 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,477,864 |
U.S. federal agencies |  |  | — |  |  |  | 15,222 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 15,222 |
Mortgage-backed securities |  |  | — |  |  |  | 16,586 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 16,586 |
States and political subdivisions |  |  | — |  |  |  | 7,680 |  |  |  | 454 |  |  |  | 8,134 |
Asset backed securities |  |  | — |  |  |  | 13,010 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 13,010 |
Other debt securities |  |  | — |  |  |  | 7,405 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 7,405 |
Derivative assets |  |  | — |  |  |  | 20,745 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 20,745 |
Derivative liabilities |  |  | — |  |  |  | 19,683 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 19,683 |
The changes in Level 3 assets measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis during the periods presented were as follows:
|  | Twelve Months Ended December 31, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
Balance at the beginning of the year |  | $ | 454 |  |  | $ | 320 |
Transfers to level 2 |  |  | (244 | ) |  |  | — |
Purchases |  |  | — |  |  |  | 255 |
Settlements |  |  | (30 | ) |  |  | (110 | )
Total unrealized losses |  |  | — |  |  |  | (11 | )
Balance at the end of the period |  | $ | 180 |  |  | $ | 454 |
The Company’s policy is to recognize transfers in and transfers out of Levels 1, 2 and 3 as of the end of the reporting period. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company transferred debt securities from Level 3 to Level 2 due to a review of the pricing models that determined some state and political subdivision securities to be Level 2. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company did not transfer any debt securities. Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis Certain financial assets and financial liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis; that is, the instruments are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment). These financial assets and financial liabilities are reported at fair value utilizing Level 3 inputs. The Company invests in equity securities without readily determinable fair values and utilizes Level 3 inputs. These equity securities are reported at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer. The realized and unrealized gains and losses are reported as securities transactions in the noninterest income section of the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Collateral dependent loans are reported at the fair value of the underlying collateral if repayment is dependent on liquidation of the collateral. When the Company determines that foreclosure is probable or when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty at the reporting date and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral, expected credit losses are based on the fair value of the collateral at the reporting date, adjusted for selling costs as appropriate. In no case does the fair value of a collateral dependent loan exceed the fair value of the underlying collateral. The collateral dependent loans are adjusted to fair value through a specific allocation of the allowance for credit losses or a direct charge-down of the loan. Repossessed assets, upon initial recognition, are measured and adjusted to fair value through a charge-off to the allowance for possible credit losses based upon the fair value of the repossessed asset. Other real estate owned is revalued at fair value subsequent to initial recognition, with any losses recognized in net expense from other real estate owned. The following table summarizes assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the period presented. These nonrecurring fair values do not represent all assets, only those assets that have been adjusted during the reporting period:
|  | Total Fair Value Level 3 |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
As of and for the Year-to-date Period Ended December 31, 2023 |  |  |
Equity securities |  | $ | 13,144 |
Collateral dependent loans |  |  | 1,894 |
Repossessed assets |  |  | 474 |
Other real estate owned |  |  | 31,773 |
As of and for the Year-to-date Period Ended December 31, 2022 |  |  |
Equity securities |  | $ | 15,512 |
Collateral dependent loans |  |  | 1,618 |
Repossessed assets |  |  | 180 |
Other real estate owned |  |  | 34,999 |
Estimated Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company is required under current authoritative accounting guidance to disclose the estimated fair value of their financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value. For the Company, as for most financial institutions, substantially all of its assets and liabilities are considered financial instruments. A financial instrument is defined as cash, evidence of an ownership interest in an entity or a contract that creates a contractual obligation or right to deliver or receive cash or another financial instrument from a second entity. The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments: Cash and Cash Equivalents Include: Cash and Due from Banks and Interest-Bearing Deposits with Banks The carrying amount of these short-term instruments is a reasonable estimate of fair value. Federal Funds Sold The carrying amount of these short-term instruments is a reasonable estimate of fair value. Debt Securities Held for Investment For debt securities held for investment, which are generally traded in secondary markets, fair values are based on quoted market prices or dealer quotes, if available. If a quoted market price is not available, fair value is estimated using quoted market prices for similar securities making adjustments for credit or liquidity if applicable. Loans Held for Sale The Company originates mortgage loans to be sold. At the time of origination, the acquiring bank has already been determined and the terms of the loan, including interest rate, have already been set by the acquiring bank allowing the Company to originate the loan at fair value. Mortgage loans are generally sold within 30 days of origination. Loans held for sale are valued using Level 2 inputs. Gains or losses recognized upon the sale of the loans are determined on a specific identification basis. Loans Held for Investment To determine the fair value of loans held for investment, the Company uses an exit price calculation, which takes into account factors such as liquidity, credit and the nonperformance risk of loans. For certain homogeneous categories of loans, such as some residential mortgages, fair values are estimated using the quoted market prices for securities backed by similar loans, adjusted for differences in loan characteristics. The fair values of other types of loans are estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the current rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities. Deposits The fair values of transaction and savings accounts are the amounts payable on demand at the reporting date. The fair values of fixed-maturity certificates of deposit are estimated using the rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities. Short-term Borrowings The amounts payable on these short-term instruments are reasonable estimates of fair value. Subordinated Debt The fair values of subordinated debt are estimated using the rates that would be charged for subordinated debt of similar remaining maturities. Loan Commitments and Letters of Credit The fair values of commitments are estimated using the fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the terms of the agreements. The fair values of letters of credit are based on fees currently charged for similar agreements. T he estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments that are reported at amortized cost in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, segregated by the level of valuation inputs within the fair value hierarchy utilized to measure fair value, are as follows:
|  | December 31, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
|  | Carrying Amount |  |  | Fair Value |  |  | Carrying Amount |  |  | Fair Value |
|  | (Dollars in thousands) |
FINANCIAL ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Level 2 inputs: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 2,397,463 |  |  | $ | 2,397,463 |  |  | $ | 3,168,910 |  |  | $ | 3,168,910 |
Federal funds sold |  |  | 1,316 |  |  |  | 1,316 |  |  |  | 2,850 |  |  |  | 2,850 |
Debt securities held for investment |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 13 |  |  |  | 13 |
Loans held for sale |  |  | 3,489 |  |  |  | 3,489 |  |  |  | 6,232 |  |  |  | 6,232 |
Level 3 inputs: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debt securities held for investment |  |  | 1,185 |  |  |  | 1,185 |  |  |  | 2,370 |  |  |  | 2,370 |
Loans held for investment, net of allowance for credit losses |  |  | 7,559,845 |  |  |  | 7,356,768 |  |  |  | 6,850,835 |  |  |  | 6,563,755 |
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Level 2 inputs: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits |  |  | 10,700,122 |  |  |  | 10,413,348 |  |  |  | 10,974,228 |  |  |  | 10,614,840 |
Short-term borrowings |  |  | 3,351 |  |  |  | 3,351 |  |  |  | 300 |  |  |  | 300 |
Subordinated debt |  |  | 86,101 |  |  |  | 79,271 |  |  |  | 86,044 |  |  |  | 82,385 |
OFF-BALANCE SHEET FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS |
Loan commitments |  |  |  |  |  | 4,875 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,598 |
Letters of credit |  |  |  |  |  | 637 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 542 |
Non-financial Assets and Non-financial Liabilities Measured at Fair Value The Company has no non-financial assets or non-financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Certain non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis include intangible assets and other non-financial long-lived assets measured at fair value and adjusted for impairment. These items are evaluated at least annually for impairment, of which there was none as of December 31, 2023 or 2022. The overall levels of non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis were not considered to be significant to the Company at December 31, 2023 or 2022.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 + Details
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