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2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies) | 3 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2021
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation | Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation The accompanying unaudited interim financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission and should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto contained in the Company’s most recent annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2021, filed with the SEC on December 14, 2021 (“Form 10-K”). In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of financial position and the results of operations for the interim period presented in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q have been reflected herein. The results of operations for the interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. Notes to the financial statements which would substantially duplicate the disclosures contained in the audited financial statements for the most recent fiscal period, as reported in the Form 10-K, have been omitted. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of CleanSpark, Inc., and its wholly owned operating subsidiaries, CleanSpark, LLC, CleanSpark II, LLC, CleanSpark Critical Power Systems Inc., p2kLabs, Inc, GridFabric, LLC, ATL Data Centers LLC, CleanBlok, Inc., CSRE Properties, LLC, Solar Watt Solutions, Inc, CSRE Properties Norcross, LLC and CSRE Property Management Company, LLC. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation of these entities.
Liquidity | Liquidity As shown in the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements, the Company generated a net income of $14,485,755 during the three months ended December 31, 2021. While the Company has experienced negative cash flows from investing and operating activities due to its continued investments in capital expenditures, it has generated positive cash flows from financing activities. The Company has sufficient capital for ongoing operations from raising additional capital through the registered sale of equity securities pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-3. In addition, the Company is continuing to grow its business segments through which it expects to grow the working capital base. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had working capital of $36,200,586.
Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates include estimates used to review the Company’s goodwill and digital currency impairment, intangible assets acquired, impairments and estimations of long-lived assets, revenue recognition on percentage of completion type contracts, revenue recognition from digital currency mining, valuation of derivative assets and liabilities, available-for-sale investments, allowances for uncollectible accounts, valuation of digital currencies, valuation of contingent consideration, warranty, and the valuations of share based awards. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable in the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions including, but not limited to, the ultimate impact that the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic may have on the Company’s operations.
Revenue Recognition | Revenue Recognition We recognize revenue in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles as outlined in the Financial Accounting Standard Board's (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, Revenue From Contracts with Customers, which requires that five steps be followed in evaluating revenue recognition: (i) identify the contract with the customer; (ii) identity the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price; and (v) recognize revenue when or as the entity satisfied a performance obligation. Our accounting policy on revenue recognition by type of revenue is provided below. Revenues from digital currency mining The Company has entered into contracts with digital asset mining pool operators to provide computing power to the mining pools. The contracts are terminable at any time by either party and the Company’s enforceable right to compensation only begins when the Company starts providing computing power to the mining pool operator. In exchange for providing computing power, the Company is entitled to a fractional share of the fixed cryptocurrency award the mining pool operator receives (less net digital asset transaction fees to the mining pool operator), for successfully adding a block to the blockchain, plus a fractional share of the transaction fees attached to that blockchain. The Company’s fractional share is based on the proportion of computing power the Company contributed to the mining pool operator to the total computing power contributed by all mining pool participants in solving the current algorithm. The transaction consideration the Company receives is noncash consideration, in the form of digital currency, which the Company measures at fair value on the date received which is not materially different than the fair value at contract inception or time the Company has earned the award from the mining pools. Fair value of the digital currency award received is determined using the spot price of the related digital currency on the date earned. There is currently no definitive guidance under GAAP or alternative accounting framework for the accounting for digital currencies recognized as revenue or held, and management has exercised significant judgment in determining the appropriate accounting treatment. In the event authoritative guidance is enacted by the FASB, the Company may be required to change its policies, which could have an effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results from operations. Engineering & Construction Contracts and Service Contracts The Company recognizes engineering and construction contract revenue over time, as performance obligations are satisfied, due to the continuous transfer of control to the customer. Engineering and construction contracts are generally accounted for as a single unit of account (a single performance obligation) and are not segmented between types of services. The Company recognizes revenue based primarily on contract cost incurred to date compared to total estimated contract cost (an input method). The input method is the most faithful depiction of the Company’s performance because it directly measures the value of the services transferred to the customer. Customer-furnished materials, labor and equipment and, in certain cases, subcontractor materials, labor and equipment, are included in revenue and cost of revenue when management believes that the Company is acting as a principal rather than as an agent (i.e., the Company integrates the materials, labor and equipment into the deliverables promised to the customer). Customer-furnished materials are only included in revenue and cost when the contract includes construction activity and the Company has visibility into the amount the customer is paying for the materials or there is a reasonable basis for estimating the amount. The Company recognizes revenue, but not profit, on certain uninstalled materials that are not specifically produced, fabricated, or constructed for a project. Revenue on these uninstalled materials is recognized when the cost is incurred (when control is transferred). Changes to total estimated contract cost or losses, if any, are recognized in the period in which they are determined as assessed at the contract level. Pre-contract costs are expensed as incurred unless they are expected to be recovered from the client. Project mobilization costs are generally charged to project costs as incurred when they are an integrated part of the performance obligation being transferred to the client. Customer payments on engineering and construction contracts are typically due within 30 to 45 days of billing, depending on the contract. The Company recognizes energy (solar panel and battery) installation contract revenue for residential customers at a point in time upon completion of the installation. The revenues associated with energy installations for commercial customers are recognized over a period of time as noted in the engineering and construction contract revenue disclosure above. For service contracts (including maintenance contracts) in which the Company has the right to consideration from the customer in an amount that corresponds directly with the value to the customer of the Company’s performance completed to date, revenue is recognized when services are performed and contractually billable. Service contracts that include multiple performance obligations are segmented between types of services. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation using an estimate of the stand-alone selling price of each distinct service in the contract. Revenue recognized on service contracts that have not been billed to clients is classified as a current asset under contract assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amounts billed to clients in excess of revenue recognized on service contracts to date are classified as a current liability under contract liabilities. Customer payments on service contracts are typically due within 30 days of billing, depending on the contract. Revenues from Sale of Equipment Performance Obligations Satisfied at a point in time. We recognize revenue on agreements for equipment we sell on a standardized basis to the market at a point in time. We recognize revenue at the point in time that the customer obtains control of the good, which is generally upon shipment or when the customer has physical possession of the product depending on contract terms. We use proof of delivery for certain large equipment with more complex logistics, whereas the delivery of other equipment is estimated based on historical averages of in-transit periods (i.e., time between shipment and delivery). Generally, shipping costs are included in the price of equipment unless the customer requests a non-standard shipment. In situations where an alternative shipment arrangement has been made, the Company recognizes the shipping revenue upon customer receipt of the shipment. In situations where arrangements include customer acceptance provisions based on seller or customer-specified objective criteria, we recognize revenue when we have concluded that the customer has control of the goods and that acceptance is likely to occur. We generally do not provide for anticipated losses on point in time transactions prior to transferring control of the equipment to the customer. Our billing terms for these point in time equipment contracts vary and generally coincide with shipment to the customer; however, within certain businesses, we receive progress payments from customers for large equipment purchases, which is generally to reserve production slots with our manufacturing partners, which are recorded as contract liabilities. Due to the customized nature of the equipment, the Company does not allow for customer returns. Service Performance obligations satisfied over time. We enter into long-term product service agreements with our customers primarily within our microgrid segment. These agreements require us to provide preventative maintenance, and standby support services that include certain levels of assurance regarding system performance throughout the contract periods, and these contracts will generally range from 1 to 10 years. We account for items that are integral to the maintenance of the equipment as part of our service-related performance obligation, unless the customer has a substantive right to make a separate purchasing decision (e.g., equipment upgrade). Contract modifications that extend or revise contract terms are not uncommon and generally result in our recognizing the impact of the revised terms prospectively over the remaining life of the modified contract (i.e., effectively like a new contract). Revenues are recognized for these arrangements on a straight-line basis consistent with the nature, timing and extent of our services, which primarily relate to routine maintenance and as needed product repairs. Our billing terms for these contracts vary, but we generally invoice periodically as services are provided. Contract assets represent revenue recognized in excess of amounts billed and include unbilled receivables (typically for cost reimbursable contracts) and contract work in progress (typically for fixed-price contracts). There were no contracts assets as of December 31, 2021 and September 30, 2021. Unbilled receivables, which represent an unconditional right to payment subject only to the passage of time, are reclassified to accounts receivable when they are billed under the terms of the contract. There are no advances that are payments on account of contract assets that have been deducted from contract assets as of December 31, 2021 and September 30, 2021. Contract liabilities mostly represent customer deposits. The Company recorded $386,740 and $296,964 in contract liabilities as of December 31, 2021 and September 30, 2021, respectively. Revenues from software The Company derives its software revenue from both subscription fees from customers for access to its energy software offerings and software license sales and support services. Revenues from software licenses are generally recognized upfront when the software is made available to the customer and revenues from the related support is generally recognized ratably over the contract term. The Company’s policy is to exclude sales and other indirect taxes when measuring the transaction price of its subscription agreements. The Company’s subscription agreements generally have monthly or annual contractual terms. Revenue is recognized ratably over the related contractual term beginning on the date that the platform is made available to a customer. Access to the platform represents a series of distinct services as the Company continually provides access to, and fulfills its obligation to the end customer over the subscription term. The series of distinct services represents a single performance obligation that is satisfied over time. Revenues from design, software development and other technology-based consulting services For service contracts performed under Master Services Agreements (“MSA”) and accompanying Statement(s) of Work (“SOW”), revenue is recognized based on the performance obligation(s) outlined in the SOW which is typically hours worked or specific deliverable milestones. In the case of a milestone-based SOW, the Company recognizes revenues as each deliverable is signed off by the customer. Revenues from data center services The Company provides data services such as providing its customers with rack space, power and equipment, and cloud services such as virtual services, virtual storage, and data backup services, generally based on monthly services provided at a defined price included in the contracts. The performance obligations are the services provided to a customer for the month based on the contract. The transaction price is the price agreed with the customer for the monthly services provided and the revenues are recognized monthly based on the services rendered for the month. Variable Consideration The nature of the Company’s contracts gives rise to several types of variable consideration, including claims and unpriced change orders; awards and incentive fees; and liquidated damages and penalties. The Company recognizes revenue for variable consideration when it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur. The Company estimates the amount of revenue to be recognized on variable consideration using the expected value (i.e., the sum of a probability-weighted amount) or the most likely amount method, whichever is expected to better predict the amount. Factors considered in determining whether revenue associated with claims (including change orders in dispute and unapproved change orders in regard to both scope and price) should be recognized include the following: (a) the contract or other evidence provides a legal basis for the claim, (b) additional costs were caused by circumstances that were unforeseen at the contract date and not the result of deficiencies in the Company’s performance, (c) claim-related costs are identifiable and considered reasonable in view of the work performed, and (d) evidence supporting the claim is objective and verifiable. If the requirements for recognizing revenue for claims or unapproved change orders are met, revenue is recorded only when the costs associated with the claims or unapproved change orders have been incurred. Back charges to suppliers or subcontractors are recognized as a reduction of cost when it is determined that recovery of such cost is probable and the amounts can be reliably estimated. Disputed back charges are recognized when the same requirements described above for claims accounting have been satisfied. The Company generally provides limited warranties for work performed under its engineering and construction contracts. The warranty periods typically extend for a limited duration following substantial completion of the Company’s work on a project. Historically, warranty claims have not resulted in material costs incurred. Practical Expedients If the Company has a right to consideration from a customer in an amount that corresponds directly with the value of the Company’s performance completed to date (a service contract in which the Company bills a fixed amount for each hour of service provided), the Company recognizes revenue in the amount to which it has a right to invoice for services performed. The Company does not adjust the contract price for the effects of a significant financing component if the Company expects, at contract inception, that the period between when the Company transfers a service to a customer and when the customer pays for that service will be one year or less. The Company has made an accounting policy election to exclude from the measurement of the transaction price all taxes assessed by governmental authorities that are collected by the Company from its customers (use taxes, value added taxes, some excise taxes).
Cost of Revenues | Cost of Revenues The Company includes the following in cost of revenues: energy costs, materials costs, manufacturing and logistics costs, freight costs, inventory write-downs, hosting services costs. The recognition of cost of revenue for our energy segment is dependent upon the revenue stream that it pertains to, refer below: 1. Products Delivered at a Point in Time. Cost of revenue from these products is recognized when the Company transfers control of the product to the customer, which is generally upon shipment. 2. Products Delivered Over Time. Cost of revenue from these products is recognized over the related service period.
Cash and cash equivalents | Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents include cash and amounts due from banks and restricted cash. The Company’s restricted cash represents amounts held in trust for certain construction projects. The following table sets forth a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported in the consolidated balance sheet that agrees to the total of those amounts as presented in the consolidated statements of cash flows.
|  | December 31, 2021 |  |  | September 30, 2021 |
Cash and cash equivalents, excluding restricted cash |  | $ | 4,104,574 |  |  | $ | 14,571,198 |
Restricted cash - construction escrow account |  | $ | 1,107,840 |  |  | $ | 3,469,129 |
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash |  | $ | 5,212,414 |  |  | $ | 18,040,327 |
Accounts receivable | Accounts receivable Accounts receivable is comprised of uncollateralized customer obligations due under normal trade terms. They are initially recorded at the invoiced amount upon the sale of goods or services to customers, and do not bear interest. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluation of its customers and management closely monitors outstanding receivables based on factors surrounding the credit risk of specific customers, historical trends, and other information. The carrying amount of accounts receivable is reviewed periodically for collectability. If management determines that collection is unlikely, an allowance that reflects management’s best estimate of the amounts that will not be collected is recorded. Accounts receivable, net consists of the following:
|  | December 31, 2021 |  |  | September 30, 2021 |
Accounts Receivable, gross |  | $ | 4,776,757 |  |  | $ | 2,891,784 |
Other receivables |  |  | 538,753 |  |  |  | 421,681 |
Provision for doubtful allowances |  |  | (693,508 | ) |  |  | (693,508 | )
Total Accounts Receivable, net |  | $ | 4,622,002 |  |  | $ | 2,619,957 |
Inventory | Inventory Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value with cost being measured on a first-in, first-out basis. For solar panel and battery installations, the Company transfers component parts from inventories to cost of goods sold once installation is complete. The Company periodically reviews inventories for unusable and obsolete items based on assumptions about future demand and market conditions. Based on this evaluation, provisions are made to write inventories down to their net realizable value. There were no write-downs of inventory as of December 31, 2021 and September 30, 2021, respectively. The composition of inventory as of December 31, 2021 and September 30, 2021 are as follows:
|  | December 31, 2021 |  |  | September 30, 2021 |
Batteries and solar panels |  |  | 718,955 |  |  | $ | 1,819,398 |
Supplies and other |  |  | 713,155 |  |  |  | 853,346 |
Total inventory |  |  | 1,432,110 |  |  | $ | 2,672,744 |
Prepaid expense and other current assets | Prepaid expense and other current assets The Company records a prepaid expense for costs paid but not yet incurred. Those expected to be incurred within one year are recognized and shown as a short-term pre-paid expense. Any costs expected to be incurred outside of one year would be considered other long-term assets. Other current assets are assets that consist of deposits and interest receivable. Deposits and interest we expect to receive within one year are shown as short-term. Those we expect to receive outside of one year are shown as other long-term assets.
Concentration Risk | Concentration Risk At times throughout the year, the Company may maintain cash balances in certain bank accounts in excess of FDIC limits. The cash balance, in excess of the FDIC limits was $3,812,842 and $17,790,327 for periods ended December 31, 2021 and September 30, 2021, respectively. The accounts offered by custodians of the Company’s bitcoin are not insured by the FDIC. The fair market value of bitcoin held in accounts not covered by FDIC limits was $30,203,387 and $23,603,210 as of December 31, 2021 and September 30, 2021, respectively. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk in these accounts. The Company has certain customers and vendors who individually represented 10% or more of the Company’s revenue or capital expenditures. Please refer to Note 13 - Major Customers and Vendors.
Stock -based compensation | Stock-based compensation The Company follows the guidelines in FASB Codification Topic ASC 718-10 Compensation-Stock Compensation, which requires companies to measure the cost of employee and non-employee services received in exchange for an award of an equity instrument based on the grant-date fair value of the award. Stock-based compensation expense for stock options is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The Company may issue compensatory shares for services including, but not limited to, executive, management, accounting, operations, corporate communication, financial and administrative consulting services. The Company determines the grant date fair value of the options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. For equity awards granted by the Company that are contingent upon market based conditions, the Company fair values these awards using the Monte Carlo simulation model. For discussion of accounting for restricted stock units (RSUs), please refer Note 11 – Stock-Based Compensation.
Earnings (loss) per share | Earnings (loss) per share The Company reports earnings (loss) per share in accordance with FASB ASC 260-10 “Earnings Per Share,” which provides for calculation of “basic” and “diluted” earnings per share. Basic earnings per share includes no dilution and is computed by dividing net income or loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share reflect the potential dilution of securities that could share in the earnings of an entity. The calculation of diluted net loss per share gives effect to common stock equivalents; however, potential common shares are excluded if their effect is anti-dilutive. As of December 31, 2021, there were 152,682 shares, 51,622 shares and 1,519 shares respectively issuable in an incremental manner upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and restricted stock units respectively. As of December 31, 2020, potential incremental shares from the exercise of equity instruments were excluded from the prior period calculation of diluted net loss per share, as their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive to the Company’s net loss.
|  | For the Three Months Ended December 31, |
|  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
Numerator |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidated net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders |  | $ | 14,171,144 |  |  | $ | (7,167,530 | )
Denominator |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted- average common shares outstanding, basic |  |  | 40,279,938 |  |  |  | 22,146,992 |
Dilutive impact of stock options and other share-based awards |  |  | 205,823 |  |  |  | — |
Weighted- average common shares outstanding, diluted |  |  | 40,485,761 |  |  |  | 22,146,992 |
Net income (loss) per common share attributable |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ | 0.35 |  |  | $ | (0.32 | )
Diluted |  | $ | 0.35 |  |  | $ | (0.32 | )
Property and equipment | Property and equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Construction in progress is the construction or development of assets that has not yet been placed in service for its intended use. Depreciation for machinery and equipment, mining equipment, buildings, furniture and fixtures and leasehold improvements commences once they are ready for its intended use. Leasehold improvements are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the terms of the related leases. Land is not depreciated. Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the asset as follows:
|  | Useful life (years)
Building |  | 30
Machinery and equipment |  | 1 - 10
Mining equipment |  | 3 – 15
Infrastructure asset |  | Shorter of estimated lease term or 15 years
Leasehold improvements |  | Shorter of estimated lease term or 5 years
Furniture and fixtures |  | 1 - 5
In accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board ASC 360-10, "Property, Plant and Equipment” the carrying value of property and equipment, and other long-lived assets is reviewed on a regular basis for the existence of facts or circumstances that may suggest impairment. The Company recognizes impairment when the sum of the expected undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset. Impairment losses, if any, are measured as the excess of the carrying amount of the asset over its estimated fair value. During the three months ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 the Company did no t record an impairment expense.
Digital Currency | Digital Currency Digital currencies are included in current assets in the consolidated balance sheets. Digital currencies are recorded at cost less impairment. They are classified as indefinite-lived intangible assets in accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles — Goodwill and Other, and are accounted for in connection with the Company’s revenue recognition policy detailed above and in Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. An intangible asset with an indefinite useful life is not amortized but assessed for impairment annually, or more frequently, when events or changes in circumstances occur indicating that it is more likely than not that the indefinite-lived asset is impaired. Impairment exists when the carrying amount exceeds its fair value. In testing for impairment, the Company has the option to first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that an impairment exists. If it is determined that it is not more likely than not that an impairment exists, a quantitative impairment test is not necessary. If the Company concludes otherwise, it is required to perform a quantitative impairment test. Quantitative impairment is measured using the quoted price of the digital currency at the time its fair value is being measured in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement. Quoted prices are obtained from the principal market. To the extent an impairment loss is recognized, the loss establishes the new cost basis of the asset. Subsequent reversal of impairment losses is not permitted as per ASC 350, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other. Digital currencies earned by the Company through its mining activities are included within operating activities on the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows. The sales of digital currencies are included within investing activities in the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows and any realized gains or losses from such sales are included in other income (expense) in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The Company accounts for its gains or losses in accordance with the first in first out (“FIFO”) method of accounting. The following table presents the activities of the digital currencies for the three months ended December 31, 2021:
|  | Amount ($) |
Balance as on September 30, 2021 |  |  | 23,603,210 |
Addition of digital currencies |  |  | 36,974,578 |
Sale of digital currencies |  |  | (33,965,188 | )
Digital currencies issued for services |  |  | (181,658 | )
Realized gain on sale of digital currencies |  |  | 9,994,791 |
Impairment loss |  |  | (6,222,346 | )
Balance as on December 31, 2021 |  |  | 30,203,387 |
Fair Value Measurement of financial instruments, derivative asset and contingent consideration | Fair Value Measurement of financial instruments, derivative asset and contingent consideration Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The Company utilizes a fair value hierarchy based on three levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last unobservable. Level 1 Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. These are typically obtained from real-time quotes for transactions in active exchange markets involving identical assets. Level 2 Quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices included for identical or similar assets and liabilities that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets. These are typically obtained from readily-available pricing sources for comparable instruments. Level 3 Unobservable inputs, where there is little or no market activity for the asset or liability. These inputs reflect the reporting entity’s own beliefs about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, based on the best information available in the circumstances. The carrying value of cash, accounts payable and accrued expenses, and debt approximate their fair values because of the short-term nature of these instruments. Management believes the Company is not exposed to significant interest or credit risks arising from these financial instruments. The following table presents the Company’s financial instruments that are measured and recorded at fair value on the Company’s balance sheets on a recurring basis, and their level within the fair value hierarchy as of December 31, 2021 and September 30, 2021:
December 31, 2021: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Amount ($) |  |  | Level 1 ($) |  |  | Level 2 ($) |  |  | Level 3 ($) |
Derivative asset |  |  | 5,204,505 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 5,204,505 |
Investment in equity security |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Investment in debt security |  |  | 512,721 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 512,721 |
Contingent cash consideration |  |  | 615,249 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 615,249 |
Total |  | $ | 6,332,475 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 6,332,475 |
September 30, 2021: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Amount ($) |  |  | Level 1 ($) |  |  | Level 2 ($) |  |  | Level 3 ($) |
Derivative asset |  |  | 4,905,656 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4,905,656 |
Investment in equity security |  |  | 10,772 |  |  |  | 10,772 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Investment in debt security |  |  | 494,608 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 494,608 |
Contingent cash consideration |  |  | 820,802 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 820,802 |
Total |  |  | 6,231,838 |  |  |  | 10,772 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 6,221,066 |
There were no transfers between Level 1, 2 or 3 during the three months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
Income taxes | Income taxes The Company’s calculation of its tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws and regulations in various taxing jurisdictions. The Company recognizes tax liabilities for uncertain tax positions based on management’s estimate of whether it is more likely than not that additional taxes will be required. The Company had no uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2021 and September 30, 2021. Deferred income taxes are recognized in the consolidated financial statements for the tax consequences in future years of differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates. Temporary differences arise from net operating losses, differences in depreciation methods of archived images, and property and equipment, stock-based and other compensation, and other accrued expenses. A valuation allowance is established when it is determined that it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The application of tax laws and regulations is subject to legal and factual interpretation, judgment and uncertainty. Tax laws and regulations themselves are subject to change as a result of changes in fiscal policy, changes in legislation, the evolution of regulations and court rulings. Therefore, the actual liability for U.S., or the various state jurisdictions, may be materially different from managements estimates, which could result in the need to record additional tax liabilities or potentially reverse previously recorded tax liabilities. Interest and penalties are included in tax expense. The Company includes interest and penalties arising from the underpayment of income taxes in the statements of operation in the provision for income taxes. As of December 31, 2021 and September 30, 2021, the Company had no accrued interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions. Income tax expense/(benefit) from operations for the three months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 was $0 in each period, which resulted primarily from maintaining a full valuation allowance against the Company's deferred tax assets.
Reclassifications | Reclassifications Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified for consistency with the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on the reported results of operations or net assets of the Company.
Segment Reporting | Segment Reporting Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available and evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in deciding the method to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company has two reportable segments, namely, (1) Digital Currency Mining Segment and (2) Energy Segment.
Recently issued accounting pronouncements | Recently issued accounting pronouncements In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, which requires contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination to be recognized and measured by the acquirer on the acquisition date in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, as if it had originated the contracts. Under the current business combinations guidance, such assets and liabilities are recognized by the acquirer at fair value on the acquisition date. This new guidance is effective for the Company for its fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company is evaluating its potential impact but does not expect the new standard to have a material impact on the Company's results of operations or cash flows. In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting and issued subsequent amendments to the initial guidance (collectively, “Topic 848”). Topic 848 became effective March 12, 2020 and expires on December 31, 2022. Topic 848 allows eligible contracts that are modified to be accounted for as a continuation of those contracts, permits companies to preserve their hedging accounting during the transition period and enables companies to make a one-time election to transfer or sell held-to-maturity debt securities that are affected by rate reform. Topic 848 provides optional expedients and exceptions for contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions that reference the London Inter-Bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The adoption of ASU 2020-04 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements or disclosures. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments on October 1, 2020 (“ASU 2016-13”). ASU 2016-13 requires entities to use a new forward-looking “expected loss” model that reflects expected credit losses, including credit losses related to trade receivables, and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates, which generally will result in the earlier recognition of allowances for losses. As the Company was a Smaller Reporting Company at the time of issuance of the ASU, the Company expects to adopt the ASU effective October 1, 2023, including the interim periods within the fiscal year. Early application of the adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating its potential impact but does not expect the new standard to have a material impact on the Company's results of operations or cash flows. In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU2020-06, “Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (subtopic 815-40),” which reduces the number of accounting models in ASC 470-20 that require separate accounting for embedded conversion features. As a result, a convertible debt instrument will be accounted for as a single liability measured at its amortized cost as long as no other features require bifurcation and recognition as derivatives. By removing those separation models, the effective interest rate of convertible debt instruments will be closer to the coupon interest rate. Further, the diluted net income per share calculation for convertible instruments will require the Company to use the if-converted method. The treasury stock method should no longer be used to calculate diluted net income per share for convertible instruments. The amendment will be effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of ASU 2020-06 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements or disclosures.

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