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Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies | 9 Months Ended
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Aug. 31, 2019
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] |
Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies | Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted. In our opinion, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring accruals) necessary to present fairly our consolidated financial position as of August 31, 2019, the results of our consolidated operations for the three months and nine months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, and our consolidated cash flows for the nine months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018. The results of our consolidated operations for the three months and nine months ended August 31, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year due to seasonal variations in operating results and other factors. The consolidated balance sheet at November 30, 2018 has been taken from the audited consolidated financial statements as of that date. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended November 30, 2018, which are contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for that period. Unless the context indicates otherwise, the terms “we,” “our,” and “us” used in this report refer to KB Home, a Delaware corporation, and its subsidiaries. Use of Estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Cash and Cash Equivalents. We consider all highly liquid short-term investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Our cash equivalents totaled $11.4 million at August 31, 2019 and $385.2 million at November 30, 2018. At August 31, 2019 and November 30, 2018, our cash equivalents were invested in interest-bearing bank deposit accounts. Comprehensive Income. Our comprehensive income was $68.1 million for the three months ended August 31, 2019 and $87.5 million for the three months ended August 31, 2018. For the nine months ended August 31, 2019 and 2018, our comprehensive income was $145.6 million and $73.5 million, respectively. Our comprehensive income for each of the three-month and nine-month periods ended August 31, 2019 and 2018 was equal to our net income for the respective periods. Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncement. In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)” (“ASU 2014-09”). ASU 2014-09 supersedes the revenue guidance in Accounting Standards Codification Topic 605, “Revenue Recognition,” and most industry-specific revenue and cost guidance in the accounting standards codification, including some cost guidance related to construction-type and production-type contracts. The core principle of ASU 2014-09 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. On December 1, 2018, we adopted ASU 2014-09 and its related amendments (collectively, “ASC 606”), using the modified retrospective method applied to contracts that were not completed as of the adoption date. Results for reporting periods beginning December 1, 2018 and after are presented under ASC 606, while results for prior reporting periods have not been adjusted and continue to be presented under the accounting guidance in effect for those periods. We recorded the following cumulative effect adjustment to increase beginning retained earnings as of December 1, 2018 (in thousands):
Balance Sheet |  | Balance at November 30, 2018 |  | Adjustments due to ASC 606 |  | Balance at December 1, 2018
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |
Homebuilding: |  |  |  |  |  |
Inventories |  | $ | 3,582,839 |  |  | $ | (35,288 | ) |  | $ | 3,547,551 |
Deferred tax assets, net |  | 441,820 |  |  | (4,024 | ) |  | 437,796 |
Property and equipment, net |  | 24,283 |  |  | 31,194 |  |  | 55,477 |
Financial services |  | 12,380 |  |  | 19,728 |  |  | 32,108 |
Stockholders’ equity: |  |  |  |  |  |
Retained earnings |  | 1,897,168 |  |  | 11,610 |  |  | 1,908,778 |
Within our homebuilding operations, ASC 606 impacts the classification and timing of recognition in our consolidated financial statements of certain community sales office and other marketing- and model home-related costs, which we previously capitalized to inventories and amortized through construction and land costs with each home delivered in a community. With our adoption of ASC 606, these costs are capitalized to property and equipment and depreciated to selling, general and administrative expenses, or expensed to selling, general and administrative expenses as incurred. Upon adopting ASC 606, we reclassified these community sales office and other marketing- and model home-related costs and related accumulated amortization from inventories to either property and equipment, net or retained earnings in our consolidated balance sheet. Forfeited deposits related to cancelled home sale and land sale contracts, which were previously reflected as other income within selling, general and administrative expenses, are included in homebuilding revenues under ASC 606. Within our financial services operations, ASC 606 impacts the timing of recognition in our consolidated financial statements of insurance commissions for insurance policy renewals. We previously recognized such insurance commissions as revenue when policies were renewed. With our adoption of ASC 606, insurance commissions for future policy renewals are estimated and recognized as revenue when the insurance carrier issues an initial insurance policy to our homebuyer, which generally occurs at the time each applicable home sale is closed. Upon adopting ASC 606, we recognized contract assets for the estimated future renewal commissions related to existing insurance policies as of December 1, 2018. There were no significant changes to our business processes or internal control over financial reporting as a result of adopting ASC 606. The impacts of adopting ASC 606 on our consolidated statements of operations for the three months and nine months ended August 31, 2019 and consolidated balance sheet as of August 31, 2019 were as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):
|  | Three Months Ended August 31, 2019 |  | Nine Months Ended August 31, 2019
Statement of Operations |  | As Reported |  | Amounts without the Adoption of ASC 606 |  | Effect of Change Higher/(Lower) |  | As Reported |  | Amounts without the Adoption of ASC 606 |  | Effect of Change Higher/(Lower)
Homebuilding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues |  | $ | 1,156,855 |  |  | $ | 1,156,112 |  |  | $ | 743 |  |  | $ | 2,984,314 |  |  | $ | 2,982,201 |  |  | $ | 2,113 |
Construction and land costs |  | (943,754 | ) |  | (951,613 | ) |  | (7,859 | ) |  | (2,458,353 | ) |  | (2,478,583 | ) |  | (20,230 | )
Selling, general and administrative expenses |  | (127,626 | ) |  | (118,772 | ) |  | 8,854 |  |  | (357,048 | ) |  | (332,691 | ) |  | 24,357 |
Operating income |  | 85,475 |  |  | 85,727 |  |  | (252 | ) |  | 168,913 |  |  | 170,927 |  |  | (2,014 | )
Financial services: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues |  | 3,931 |  |  | 3,751 |  |  | 180 |  |  | 9,758 |  |  | 9,366 |  |  | 392 |
Total pretax income |  | 91,936 |  |  | 92,008 |  |  | (72 | ) |  | 183,208 |  |  | 184,830 |  |  | (1,622 | )
Income tax expense |  | (23,800 | ) |  | (23,800 | ) |  | — |  |  | (37,600 | ) |  | (38,000 | ) |  | (400 | )
Net income |  | 68,136 |  |  | 68,208 |  |  | (72 | ) |  | 145,608 |  |  | 146,830 |  |  | (1,222 | )
Diluted earnings per share |  | .73 |  |  | .73 |  |  | — |  |  | 1.55 |  |  | 1.56 |  |  | (.01 | )
|  | As of August 31, 2019
Balance Sheet |  | As Reported |  | Amounts without the Adoption of ASC 606 |  | Effect of Change Higher/(Lower)
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |
Homebuilding: |  |  |  |  |  |
Inventories |  | $ | 3,919,076 |  |  | $ | 3,964,873 |  |  | $ | (45,797 | )
Deferred tax assets, net |  | 402,095 |  |  | 405,719 |  |  | (3,624 | )
Property and equipment, net |  | 64,119 |  |  | 24,431 |  |  | 39,688 |
Financial services |  | 31,911 |  |  | 11,791 |  |  | 20,120 |
Stockholders’ equity: |  |  |  |  |  |
Retained earnings |  | 2,042,034 |  |  | 2,031,647 |  |  | 10,387 |
As a result of our adoption of ASC 606, we updated our significant accounting policies as follows: Homebuilding Revenues. We apply the following steps in determining the timing and amount of revenue to recognize: (1) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, if applicable; and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy a performance obligation. Our home sale transactions are made pursuant to contracts under which we typically have a single performance obligation to deliver a completed home to the homebuyer when closing conditions are met. Revenues from home sales are recognized when we have satisfied the performance obligation within the sales contract, which is generally when title to and possession of the home and the risks and rewards of ownership are transferred to the homebuyer on the closing date. Under our home sale contracts, we typically receive an initial cash deposit from the homebuyer at the time the sales contract is executed and receive the remaining consideration to which we are entitled, through a third-party escrow agent, at closing. Customer deposits related to sold but undelivered homes totaled $26.8 million and $19.5 million at August 31, 2019 and November 30, 2018, respectively, and are included in accrued expenses and other liabilities. Concurrent with the recognition of revenues in our consolidated statements of operations, sales incentives in the form of price concessions on the selling price of a home are recorded as a reduction of revenues. The costs of sales incentives in the form of free or discounted products or services provided to homebuyers, including option upgrades and closing cost allowances, are reflected as construction and land costs because such incentives are identified in our home sale contracts with homebuyers as an intrinsic part of our single performance obligation to deliver and transfer title to their home for the transaction price stated in the contracts. Sales incentives that we may provide in the form of closing cost allowances are immaterial to the related revenues. Cash proceeds from home sale closings held by third-party escrow agents for our benefit, typically for less than five days, are considered deposits in-transit and classified as cash. Land sale transactions are made pursuant to contracts under which we typically have a performance obligation(s) to deliver specified land parcels to the buyer when closing conditions are met. We evaluate each land sale contract to determine our performance obligation(s) under the contract, including whether we have a distinct promise to perform post-closing land development work that is material within the context of the contract, and use objective criteria to determine our completion of the applicable performance obligation(s), whether at a point in time or over time. Revenues from land sales are recognized when we have satisfied the performance obligation(s) within the sales contract, which is generally when title to and possession of the land and the risks and rewards of ownership are transferred to the land buyer on the closing date. Under our land sale contracts, we typically receive an initial cash deposit from the buyer at the time the contract is executed and receive the remaining consideration to which we are entitled, through a third-party escrow agent, at closing. In the limited circumstances where we provide financing to the land buyer, we determine that collectibility of the receivable is reasonably assured before we recognize revenue. In instances where we have a distinct and material performance obligation(s) within the context of a land sale contract to perform land development work after the closing date, a portion of the transaction price under the contract is allocated to such performance obligation(s) and is recognized as revenue over time based upon our estimated progress toward the satisfaction of the performance obligation(s). We generally measure our progress based on our costs incurred relative to the total costs expected to satisfy the performance obligation(s). While the payment terms for such a performance obligation(s) vary, we generally receive the final payment when we have completed our land development work to the specifications detailed in the applicable land sale contract and it has been accepted by the land buyer. Homebuilding revenues include forfeited deposits, which occur when home sale or land sale contracts that include a nonrefundable deposit are cancelled. Revenues from forfeited deposits are immaterial. Within our homebuilding operations, substantially all of our contracts with customers and the related performance obligations have an original expected duration of one year or less. Community Sales Office and Other Marketing- and Model Home-Related Costs. Community sales office and other marketing- and model home-related costs are either recorded as inventories, capitalized as property and equipment, or expensed to selling, general and administrative expenses as incurred. Costs related to the construction of a model home, inclusive of upgrades that will be sold as part of the home, are recorded as inventories and recognized as construction and land costs when the model home is delivered to a homebuyer. Costs to furnish and ready a model home or on-site community sales facility that will not be sold as part of the model home, such as model furnishings, community sales office and model complex grounds, sales office construction and sales office furniture and equipment, are capitalized as property and equipment under “model furnishings and sales office improvements.” Model furnishings and sales office improvements are depreciated to selling, general and administrative expenses over their estimated useful lives. Other costs related to the marketing of a community, removing the on-site community sales facility and readying a completed (model) home for sale are expensed to selling, general and administrative expenses as incurred. Financial Services Revenues. Our financial services reporting segment generates revenues primarily from title services and insurance commissions. Revenues from title services are recognized when policies are issued, which generally occurs at the time each applicable home sale is closed. We receive insurance commissions from various third-party insurance carriers for arranging for the carriers to provide homeowner and other insurance policies for our homebuyers that elect to obtain such coverage. In addition, each time a homebuyer renews their insurance policy with the insurance carrier, we receive a renewal commission. Revenues from insurance commissions are recognized when the insurance carrier issues an initial insurance policy to our homebuyer, which generally occurs at the time each applicable home sale is closed. As our performance obligations for policy renewal commissions are satisfied upon issuance of the initial insurance policy, insurance commissions for renewals are considered variable consideration under ASC 606. Accordingly, we estimate the probable future renewal commissions when an initial policy is issued and record a corresponding contract asset and insurance commission revenues. We estimate the amount of variable consideration based on historical renewal trends and constrain the estimate such that it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative recognized revenue will not occur. We also consider the likelihood and magnitude of a potential future reversal of revenue and update our assessment at the end of each reporting period. The contract assets for estimated future renewal commissions are included in other assets within our financial services reporting segment and totaled $20.1 million at August 31, 2019. Contract assets totaling $19.7 million were recognized on December 1, 2018 in connection with the adoption of ASC 606. Disaggregation of Revenues. As our homebuilding operations accounted for 99.7% of our total revenues for the year ended November 30, 2018, with most of those revenues generated from home sale contracts with customers, we believe the disaggregation of revenues as reported in our consolidated statement of operations and as disclosed in Note 2 – Segment Information and in Note 3 – Financial Services, fairly depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows are affected by economic factors. SEC Disclosure Update and Simplification. In August 2018, the SEC issued Final Rule Release No. 33-10532, “Disclosure Update and Simplification,” which makes a number of changes meant to simplify interim disclosures. In complying with the relevant aspects of the rule within this quarterly report, we have removed the presentation of cash dividends declared per common share from our consolidated statements of operations and expanded our analysis of stockholders’ equity in Note 18 – Stockholders’ Equity. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted. In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” (“ASU 2016-02”). ASU 2016-02 will require lessees to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases. Under this guidance, a lessee will be required to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with lease terms of more than 12 months. Lessor accounting remains substantially similar to previous lease accounting guidance. In addition, disclosures of leasing activities are to be expanded to include qualitative along with specific quantitative information. ASU 2016-02 is effective for us beginning December 1, 2019 (with early adoption permitted). We expect to adopt ASU 2016-02 and its related amendments (collectively, “ASC 842”) beginning December 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective method. Results for reporting periods beginning December 1, 2019 and after will be presented under ASC 842, while results for prior reporting periods will not be adjusted and will continue to be presented under the accounting guidance in effect for those periods. The main impact of our adoption of ASC 842 will be the recording on our consolidated balance sheet of lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for our operating leases with terms of more than 12 months, which are primarily real estate leases for office space and our design studios, as well as certain equipment leases. While we are currently evaluating and quantifying the potential impact of adopting ASC 842, we do not expect the adoption to have a material impact on our consolidated statements of operations or cash flows. In February 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-02, “Income Statement — Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income” (“ASU 2018-02”), which allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“TCJA”), and requires certain disclosures about stranded tax effects. ASU 2018-02 is effective for us beginning December 1, 2019 (with early adoption permitted), and shall be applied either in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period (or periods) in which the effect of the change in the corporate income tax rate in the TCJA is recognized. We expect to adopt ASU 2018-02 beginning December 1, 2019. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of adopting this guidance on our consolidated financial statements. Reclassifications. Certain amounts in our consolidated financial statements of prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

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