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INCENTIVE STOCK PLANS (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Schedule of Compensation Cost for Share-based Payment Arrangements, Allocation of Share-based Compensation Costs
A summary of our stock-based compensation cost is presented below:
 202320222021
Selling and general expenses$12,710 $10,767 $8,255 
Cost of sales986 1,226 816 
Timber and Timberlands, net (a)306 363 206 
Total stock-based compensation$14,002 $12,356 $9,277 
Tax benefit recognized related to stock-based compensation expense (b)$677 $603 $487 
(a)Represents amounts capitalized as part of the overhead allocation of timber-related costs.
(b)A valuation allowance is recorded against the tax benefit recognized as we do not expect to be able to realize the benefit in the future.
Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units Activity
A summary of our restricted stock units is presented below:
 202320222021
Restricted stock units granted207,006 130,213 129,290 
Weighted average price of restricted stock units granted$32.93 $41.81 $33.59 
Intrinsic value of restricted stock units outstanding (a)$16,068 $13,826 $15,095 
Grant date fair value of restricted stock units vested4,454 2,475 493 
Cash used to purchase common shares from current and former employees to pay withholding tax requirements on restricted stock units vested1,665 1,063 189 
(a)Intrinsic value of restricted stock units outstanding is based on the market price of the Company’s stock at December 31, 2023.

 2023
 Number of
Shares
Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
Non-vested Restricted Stock Units at January 1,419,484 $32.12 
Granted207,006 32.93 
Vested(142,949)31.16 
Cancelled(2,616)35.28 
Non-vested Restricted Stock Units at December 31,480,925 $32.74 
A summary of our restricted stock is presented below:
202320222021
Restricted shares granted36,403 22,800 22,140 
Weighted average price of restricted shares granted$30.22 $38.60 $37.36 
Intrinsic value of restricted stock outstanding (a)$66 $620 $3,062 
Grant date fair value of restricted stock vested1,647 2,478 3,121 
Cash used to purchase common shares from current and former employees to pay withholding tax requirements on restricted shares vested208 708 869 
(a)Intrinsic value of restricted stock outstanding is based on the market price of the Company’s stock at December 31, 2023.

 2023
Number of
Shares
Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
Non-vested Restricted Shares at January 1,18,808 $31.58 
Granted36,403 30.22 
Vested(53,238)30.93 
Non-vested Restricted Shares at December 31,1,973 $24.01 
Schedule of Nonvested Performance-based Units Activity
A summary of our performance share units is presented below:
 202320222021
Common shares reserved for performance shares granted during year 285,863 193,333 191,203 
Weighted average fair value of performance share units granted$37.77 $45.68 $36.10 
Intrinsic value of outstanding performance share units (a)$12,730 $13,123 $16,360 
Fair value of performance shares vested5,863 5,549 1,738 
Cash used to purchase common shares from current and former employees to pay withholding tax requirements on performance shares vested2,342 2,454 559 
(a)Intrinsic value of outstanding performance share units is based on the market price of the Company's stock at December 31, 2023.
 2023
 Number
of Units
Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
Outstanding Performance Share units at January 1,398,156 $35.78 
Granted163,350 37.77 
Units Distributed(179,942)29.57 
Other Cancellations/Adjustments(530)40.78 
Outstanding Performance Share units at December 31,381,034 $39.56 
Expected volatility was estimated using daily returns on the Company’s common shares for the three-year period ending on the grant date. The risk-free rate was based on the 3-year U.S. Treasury rate on the date of the award. The dividend yield was not used to calculate fair value as awards granted receive dividend equivalents. Grants made to Vice Presidents and above are subject to a one-year post-vest holding period and include an additional discount for liquidity. The following table provides an overview of the assumptions used in calculating the fair value of the awards granted for the three years ended December 31:
 202320222021
Expected volatility29.9 %38.1 %35.6 %
Risk-free rate3.7 %2.6 %0.4 %
Liquidity discount applied to grants with a post-vesting holding restriction4.7 %4.2 %6.3 %
Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Stock Options, Activity
A summary of the status of our stock options as of and for the year ended December 31, 2023 is presented below:
 2023
 Number of
Shares
Weighted
Average Exercise
Price
(per common share)
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual Term
(in years)
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
Options outstanding at January 1,54,091 $35.15 
Exercised(2,408)31.28 
Cancelled or expired(26,959)38.53 
Options outstanding at December 31,24,724 31.83 0.10$44 
Options exercisable at December 31,24,724 $31.83 0.10$44 
A summary of additional information pertaining to our stock options is presented below:
 202320222021
Intrinsic value of options exercised (a)$2 $300 $916 
Cash received from exercise of options75 2,466 5,922 
(a)Intrinsic value of options exercised is the amount by which the fair value of the stock on the exercise date exceeded the exercise price of the option.