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SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract] |
SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION | SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION As of December 31, 2024, Rayonier operated in five reportable segments: Southern Timber, Pacific Northwest Timber, New Zealand Timber, Real Estate, and Trading. Sales between operating segments are made based on estimated fair market value, and intercompany sales, purchases and profits (losses) are eliminated in consolidation. The Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), the Chief Executive Officer, evaluates the operating performance of the Company’s segments based on Adjusted Earnings before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization (“Adjusted EBITDA”) to make decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance. Total assets by segment are not used by the CODM to assess the performance of, or allocate resources to, the Company’s segments, therefore total assets by segment are not disclosed. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, depletion, amortization, the non-cash cost of land and improved development, non-operating income and expense, costs related to disposition initiatives, restructuring charges, timber write-offs resulting from casualty events, gain associated with the multi-family apartment complex sale attributable to noncontrolling interests and Large Dispositions. We believe that Operating income, as defined by U.S. GAAP, is the most appropriate earnings measurement with which to reconcile Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to Operating income as determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Operating income as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income (Loss) is equal to segment income. The following tables summarize the segment information for the three years ended December 31:
Year Ended | Southern Timber |  | Pacific Northwest Timber |  | New Zealand Timber |  | Real Estate |  | Trading |  | Corporate and Other |  | Total
December 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales (a) | $250,419 |  |  | $100,786 |  |  | $238,624 |  |  | $643,769 |  |  | $29,631 |  |  | ($232) |  |  | $1,262,997 |
Costs and Expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cut & haul costs | (51,041) |  |  | (42,001) |  |  | (85,460) |  |  | — |  |  | (3,260) |  |  | — |  |  | (181,762) |
Port / freight costs | (2,412) |  |  | (1,828) |  |  | (75,345) |  |  | — |  |  | (10,914) |  |  | — |  |  | (90,499) |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization (a) | (73,409) |  |  | (31,668) |  |  | (20,317) |  |  | (169,020) |  |  | — |  |  | (1,791) |  |  | (296,205) |
Non-cash cost of land and improved development (a) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (82,003) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (82,003) |
Other costs and expenses (b) | (45,655) |  |  | (31,600) |  |  | (24,032) |  |  | (52,361) |  |  | (15,512) |  |  | (40,902) |  |  | (210,062) |
Operating income (loss) | $77,902 |  |  | ($6,311) |  |  | $33,470 |  |  | $340,385 |  |  | ($55) |  |  | ($42,925) |  |  | $402,466 |
Add: Costs related to disposition initiatives (c) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,597 |  |  | 1,597 |
Add: Restructuring charges (d) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,139 |  |  | 1,139 |
Add: Depreciation, depletion and amortization (e) | 73,409 |  |  | 31,668 |  |  | 20,317 |  |  | 13,064 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,791 |  |  | 140,249 |
Add: Non-cash cost of land and improved development (e) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 44,409 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 44,409 |
Less: Large Dispositions (f) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (291,078) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (291,078) |
Adjusted EBITDA | $151,311 |  |  | $25,357 |  |  | $53,787 |  |  | $106,780 |  |  | ($55) |  |  | ($38,398) |  |  | $298,782 |
Reconciliation of segment results to consolidated income before taxes
Interest, net and miscellaneous income (g) |  | ($27,708) |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization (e) |  | (140,249) |
Non-cash cost of land and improved development (e) |  | (44,409) |
Non-operating income |  | 1,275 |
Costs related to disposition initiatives (c) |  | (1,597) |
Restructuring charges (d) |  | (1,139) |
Large Dispositions (f) |  | 291,078 |
Income Before Income Taxes |  | $376,033 |
Income tax expense |  | (7,050) |
Net Income |  | $368,983 |
(a)Real Estate segment sales, depreciation, depletion and amortization, and non-cash cost of land and improved development includes $495.0 million, $156.0 million, and $37.6 million, respectively, from Large Dispositions. (b)Other costs and expenses for each reportable segment primarily includes other direct and indirect cost of sales and selling and general expenses. (c)Costs related to disposition initiatives include legal, advisory, and other due diligence costs incurred in connection with the Company’s asset disposition plan, which was announced in November 2023. Costs related to disposition initiatives are recorded within the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income (Loss) under the caption “Other operating (expense) income, net.” (d)Restructuring charges include severance costs related to workforce optimization initiatives. Restructuring charges are recorded within the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income (Loss) under the caption “Other operating (expense) income, net.” (e)Excludes depreciation, depletion and amortization, and non-cash cost of land and improved development of $156.0 million, and $37.6 million, respectively, from Large Dispositions. (f)Large Dispositions are defined as transactions involving the sale of productive timberland assets that exceed $20 million in size and do not reflect a demonstrable premium relative to timberland value. The year ended December 31, 2024 includes the sale of approximately 200,000 acres for an aggregate sale price of $495.0 million. These dispositions consisted of approximately 91,000 acres in Southeast Oklahoma and 109,000 acres on the Olympic Peninsula in Northwest Washington. (g)Includes a $1.6 million gain from a terminated cash flow hedge.
Year Ended | Southern Timber |  | Pacific Northwest Timber |  | New Zealand Timber |  | Real Estate |  | Trading |  | Corporate and Other |  | Total
December 31, 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales (a) | $264,128 |  |  | $124,145 |  |  | $235,481 |  |  | $389,963 |  |  | $43,684 |  |  | ($468) |  |  | $1,056,933 |
Costs and Expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cut & haul costs | (57,964) |  |  | (56,565) |  |  | (84,537) |  |  | — |  |  | (1,299) |  |  | — |  |  | (200,365) |
Port / freight costs | (4,543) |  |  | (5,173) |  |  | (64,825) |  |  | — |  |  | (14,810) |  |  | — |  |  | (89,351) |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization (a) | (79,974) |  |  | (36,924) |  |  | (21,666) |  |  | (109,085) |  |  | — |  |  | (1,712) |  |  | (249,361) |
Non-cash cost of land and improved development (a) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (73,458) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (73,458) |
Other costs and expenses (b) | (45,391) |  |  | (34,481) |  |  | (38,408) |  |  | (50,815) |  |  | (27,083) |  |  | (36,936) |  |  | (233,114) |
Operating income (loss) | $76,256 |  |  | ($8,998) |  |  | $26,045 |  |  | $156,605 |  |  | $492 |  |  | ($39,116) |  |  | $211,284 |
Add: Depreciation, depletion and amortization (c) | 79,974 |  |  | 36,924 |  |  | 21,666 |  |  | 17,955 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,712 |  |  | 158,231 |
Add: Non-cash cost of land and improved development (c) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 29,768 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 29,768 |
Add: Timber write-offs resulting from casualty events (d) | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,302 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,302 |
Less: Large Dispositions (e) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (105,078) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (105,078) |
Adjusted EBITDA | $156,230 |  |  | $27,926 |  |  | $50,013 |  |  | $99,250 |  |  | $492 |  |  | ($37,404) |  |  | $296,507 |
Reconciliation of segment results to consolidated income before taxes
Interest, net and miscellaneous income |  | ($45,945) |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization (c) |  | (158,231) |
Non-cash cost of land and improved development (c) |  | (29,768) |
Non-operating income |  | 18,278 |
Timber write-offs resulting from casualty events (d) |  | (2,302) |
Large Dispositions (e) |  | 105,078 |
Income Before Income Taxes |  | $183,617 |
Income tax expense |  | (5,122) |
Net Income |  | $178,495 |
(a)Real Estate segment sales, depreciation, depletion and amortization, and non-cash cost of land and improved development includes $242.2 million, $91.1 million, and $43.7 million, respectively, from Large Dispositions. (b)Other costs and expenses for each reportable segment primarily includes other direct and indirect cost of sales and selling and general expenses. (c)Excludes depreciation, depletion and amortization, and non-cash cost of land and improved development of $91.1 million, and $43.7 million, respectively, from Large Dispositions. (d)Timber write-offs resulting from casualty events include the write-off and adjustments of merchantable and pre-merchantable timber volume damaged by a casualty event that cannot be salvaged. Timber write-offs resulting from casualty events are recorded within the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income (Loss) under the caption “cost of sales.” (e)Large Dispositions are defined as transactions involving the sale of productive timberland assets that exceed $20 million in size and do not reflect a demonstrable premium relative to timberland value. The year ended December 31, 2023 includes the sale of approximately 55,000 acres in Oregon for $242.2 million.
Year Ended | Southern Timber |  | Pacific Northwest Timber |  | New Zealand Timber |  | Real Estate |  | Trading |  | Corporate and Other |  | Total
December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales (a) | $264,201 |  |  | $162,237 |  |  | $274,076 |  |  | $138,008 |  |  | $70,952 |  |  | ($402) |  |  | $909,072 |
Costs and Expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cut & haul costs | (63,977) |  |  | (62,731) |  |  | (94,253) |  |  | — |  |  | (4,975) |  |  | — |  |  | (225,936) |
Port / freight costs | (6,836) |  |  | (2,803) |  |  | (94,061) |  |  | — |  |  | (27,689) |  |  | — |  |  | (131,389) |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization (a) | (60,298) |  |  | (48,024) |  |  | (23,876) |  |  | (22,216) |  |  | — |  |  | (1,255) |  |  | (155,669) |
Non-cash cost of land and improved development (a) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (32,934) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (32,934) |
Other costs and expenses (b) | (36,474) |  |  | (33,487) |  |  | (31,265) |  |  | (24,363) |  |  | (37,906) |  |  | (33,827) |  |  | (197,322) |
Operating income (loss) | $96,616 |  |  | $15,192 |  |  | $30,621 |  |  | $58,495 |  |  | $382 |  |  | ($35,484) |  |  | $165,822 |
Add: Depreciation, depletion and amortization (c) | 60,298 |  |  | 48,024 |  |  | 23,876 |  |  | 13,886 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,255 |  |  | 147,339 |
Add: Non-cash cost of land and improved development (c) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 28,374 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 28,374 |
Add: Timber write-offs resulting from casualty events (d) | — |  |  | 729 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 729 |
Less: Gain associated with the multi-family apartment complex sale attributable to NCI (e) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (11,480) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (11,480) |
Less: Large Dispositions (f) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (16,606) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (16,606) |
Adjusted EBITDA | $156,914 |  |  | $63,945 |  |  | $54,497 |  |  | $72,669 |  |  | $382 |  |  | ($34,229) |  |  | $314,178 |
Reconciliation of segment results to consolidated income before taxes
Interest, net and miscellaneous income |  | ($33,194) |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization (c) |  | (147,339) |
Non-cash cost of land and improved development (c) |  | (28,374) |
Non-operating expense |  | (448) |
Timber write-offs resulting from casualty events (d) |  | (729) |
Gain associated with the multi-family apartment complex sale attributable to NCI (e) |  | 11,480 |
Large Dispositions (f) |  | 16,606 |
Income Before Income Taxes |  | $132,180 |
Income tax expense |  | (9,389) |
Net Income |  | $122,791 |
(a)Real Estate segment sales, depreciation, depletion and amortization, and non-cash cost of land and improved development includes $30.5 million, $8.3 million, and $4.6 million, respectively from Large Dispositions. (b)Other costs and expenses for each reportable segment primarily includes other direct and indirect cost of sales and selling and general expenses. (c)Excludes depreciation, depletion, and amortization and non-cash cost of land and improved development of $8.3 million and $4.6 million. (d)Timber write-offs resulting from casualty events include the write-off and adjustments of merchantable and pre-merchantable timber volume damaged by casualty events that cannot be salvaged. Timber write-offs resulting from casualty events are recorded within the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income (Loss) under the caption “cost of sales.” (e)The gain associated with the multi-family apartment complex sale attributable to noncontrolling interests represents the gain recognized in connection with the sale of property by the Bainbridge Landing joint venture attributable to noncontrolling interests. The gain associated with the multi-family apartment complex sale attributable to noncontrolling interest is recorded within the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income (Loss) under the caption “Other operating (expense) income, net.” (f)Large Dispositions are defined as transactions involving the sale of productive timberland assets that exceed $20 million in size and do not reflect a demonstrable premium relative to timberland value. The year ended December 31, 2022 includes the sale of approximately 11,000 acres in Washington for $30.5 million.
| Gross Capital Expenditures
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Capital Expenditures (a) |  |  |  |  |
Southern Timber | $48,398 |  |  | $46,506 |  |  | $39,301 |
Pacific Northwest Timber | 13,340 |  |  | 17,371 |  |  | 16,770 |
New Zealand Timber | 17,686 |  |  | 16,663 |  |  | 18,455 |
Real Estate | 323 |  |  | 302 |  |  | 285 |
Corporate and other | 33 |  |  | 605 |  |  | — |
Total capital expenditures | $79,780 |  |  | $81,447 |  |  | $74,811 |
Timberland Acquisitions |  |  |  |  |
Southern Timber | $22,753 |  |  | $10,471 |  |  | $457,770 |
Pacific Northwest Timber | — |  |  | 3,591 |  |  | 26 |
New Zealand Timber | — |  |  | — |  |  | 734 |
Total timberland acquisitions | $22,753 |  |  | $14,062 |  |  | $458,530 |
Total Gross Capital Expenditures | $102,533 |  |  | $95,509 |  |  | $533,341 |
(a)Excludes timberland acquisitions presented separately, in addition to real estate development investments of $25.8 million, $23.1 million and $13.7 million in the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
| Geographical Operating Information
| Sales |  | Operating Income |  | Identifiable Assets
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
United States | $987,697 |  |  | $787,906 |  |  | $576,780 |  |  | $363,803 |  |  | $185,156 |  |  | $135,900 |  |  | $2,998,504 |  |  | $3,098,555 |
New Zealand | 275,300 |  |  | 269,027 |  |  | 332,292 |  |  | 38,663 |  |  | 26,128 |  |  | 29,922 |  |  | 475,915 |  |  | 549,030 |
Total | $1,262,997 |  |  | $1,056,933 |  |  | $909,072 |  |  | $402,466 |  |  | $211,284 |  |  | $165,822 |  |  | $3,474,419 |  |  | $3,647,585 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. 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