| Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests and Equity |
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests and Equity As of June 30, 2018, the changes in redeemable noncontrolling interests, total stockholders’ equity and noncontrolling interests were as follows (in thousands): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests | | Total Stockholders' Equity | | Noncontrolling Interests | | Total Equity | Balance — December 31, 2017 | | $ | 123,801 |
| | $ | 881,582 |
| | $ | 358,934 |
| | $ | 1,240,516 |
| Exercise of stock options | | — |
| | 8,068 |
| | — |
| | 8,068 |
| Issuance of restricted stock units, net of tax withholdings | | — |
| | (4,878 | ) | | — |
| | (4,878 | ) | Shares issued in connection with the Employee Stock Purchase Plan | | — |
| | 1,755 |
| | — |
| | 1,755 |
| Stock based compensation | | — |
| | 16,251 |
| | — |
| | 16,251 |
| Contributions from noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests | | 51,447 |
| | — |
| | 116,021 |
| | 116,021 |
| Distributions to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests | | (5,385 | ) | | — |
| | (29,396 | ) | | (29,396 | ) | Net income (loss) | | (39,934 | ) | | 35,441 |
| | (158,654 | ) | | (123,213 | ) | Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes | | — |
| | 20,197 |
| | — |
| | 20,197 |
| Balance — June 30, 2018 | | $ | 129,929 |
| | $ | 958,416 |
| | $ | 286,905 |
| | $ | 1,245,321 |
|
The carrying value of redeemable noncontrolling interests was greater than the redemption value except for five Funds at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 where the carrying value has been adjusted to the redemption value. As of June 30, 2017, the changes in redeemable noncontrolling interests, total stockholders’ equity and noncontrolling interests were as follows (in thousands): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests | | Total Stockholders' Equity | | Noncontrolling Interests | | Total Equity | Balance — December 31, 2016 | | $ | 140,996 |
| | $ | 742,771 |
| | $ | 252,957 |
| | $ | 995,728 |
| Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2016-16 and ASU 2016-09 | | — |
| | 2,996 |
| | — |
| | 2,996 |
| Exercise of stock options | | — |
| | 529 |
| | — |
| | 529 |
| Issuance of restricted stock units, net of tax withholdings | | — |
| | (2,099 | ) | | — |
| | (2,099 | ) | Shares issued in connection with the Employee Stock Purchase Plan | | — |
| | 1,145 |
| | — |
| | 1,145 |
| Stock based compensation | | — |
| | 11,416 |
| | — |
| | 11,416 |
| Contributions from noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests | | 75,169 |
| | — |
| | 231,123 |
| | 231,123 |
| Distributions to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests | | (7,666 | ) | | — |
| | (19,527 | ) | | (19,527 | ) | Net income (loss) | | (44,366 | ) | | 28,228 |
| | (132,627 | ) | | (104,399 | ) | Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes | | — |
| | (3,569 | ) | | — |
| | (3,569 | ) | Balance — June 30, 2017 | | $ | 164,133 |
| | $ | 781,417 |
| | $ | 331,926 |
| | $ | 1,113,343 |
|
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