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Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Change Retrospectively to Prior Periods Consolidated Statements of Operations (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions | 3 Months Ended | 9 Months Ended
--- | --- | ---
Jun. 30, 2018 | Jun. 30, 2017 | Jun. 30, 2018 | Jun. 30, 2017
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Cost of sales | $ 654 | $ 544 | $ 1,824 | $ 1,505
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in earnings of affiliated companies | 95 | 68 | 16 | 221
(Provision) benefit for income taxes | 4 | (16) | (194) | (33)
Net income (loss) | 99 | 55 | (176) | 194
Net income (loss) attributable to Cabot Corporation | $ 88 | $ 47 | $ (207) | $ 176
Earnings per common share: |  |  |  |
Basic | $ 1.41 | $ 0.73 | $ (3.36) | $ 2.79
Diluted | $ 1.40 | $ 0.73 | $ (3.36) | $ 2.78
Change in Method of Accounting for Inventories from Last-in, First-out Method to First-in, First-out Method [Member] |  |  |  |
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Cost of sales |  | $ 544 |  | $ 1,505
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in earnings of affiliated companies |  | 68 |  | 221
(Provision) benefit for income taxes |  | (16) |  | (33)
Net income (loss) |  | 55 |  | 194
Net income (loss) attributable to Cabot Corporation |  | $ 47 |  | $ 176
Earnings per common share: |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ 0.73 |  | $ 2.79
Diluted |  | $ 0.73 |  | $ 2.78
Change in Method of Accounting for Inventories from Last-in, First-out Method to First-in, First-out Method [Member] | As Originally Reported [Member] |  |  |  |
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Cost of sales |  | $ 546 |  | $ 1,509
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in earnings of affiliated companies |  | 66 |  | 217
(Provision) benefit for income taxes |  | (16) |  | (32)
Net income (loss) |  | 53 |  | 191
Net income (loss) attributable to Cabot Corporation |  | $ 45 |  | $ 173
Earnings per common share: |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ 0.71 |  | $ 2.75
Diluted |  | $ 0.71 |  | $ 2.74
Change in Method of Accounting for Inventories from Last-in, First-out Method to First-in, First-out Method [Member] | Effect of Change [Member] |  |  |  |
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Cost of sales |  | $ (2) |  | $ (4)
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in earnings of affiliated companies |  | 2 |  | 4
(Provision) benefit for income taxes |  |  |  | (1)
Net income (loss) |  | 2 |  | 3
Net income (loss) attributable to Cabot Corporation |  | $ 2 |  | $ 3
Earnings per common share: |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ 0.02 |  | $ 0.04
Diluted |  | $ 0.02 |  | $ 0.04

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