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Earnings Per Share - Calculation of Undistributed Earnings (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net income (loss) attributable to Cabot Corporation	$ 380	$ 445	$ 209
Less: Dividends declared on common stock	92	87	84
Less: Dividends and dividend equivalents to participating securities	1	1	1
Undistributed earnings (loss)	287	357	124
Undistributed earnings (loss) allocated to common shareholders	282	350	122
Undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities	$ 5	$ 7	$ 2

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