| Segment Reporting |
Segment Reporting
We generally identify our reportable segments as those consolidated subsidiaries that represent 10% or more of our revenue, Adjusted OIBDA (as defined below) or total assets. In certain cases, we may elect to include an operating segment in our segment disclosure that does not meet the above-described criteria for a reportable segment. We evaluate performance and make decisions about allocating resources to our operating segments based on financial measures such as revenue and Adjusted OIBDA. In addition, we review non-financial measures such as subscriber growth, as appropriate.
Adjusted operating income before depreciation and amortization (Adjusted OIBDA) is the primary measure used by our chief operating decision maker to evaluate segment operating performance. Adjusted OIBDA is also a key factor that is used by our internal decision makers to (i) determine how to allocate resources to segments and (ii) evaluate the effectiveness of our management for purposes of annual and other incentive compensation plans. As we use the term, Adjusted OIBDA is defined as operating income before depreciation and amortization, share-based compensation, provisions and provision releases related to significant litigation and impairment, restructuring and other operating items. Other operating items include (a) gains and losses on the disposition of long-lived assets, (b) third-party costs directly associated with successful and unsuccessful acquisitions and dispositions, including legal, advisory and due diligence fees, as applicable, and (c) other acquisition-related items, such as gains and losses on the settlement of contingent consideration. Our internal decision makers believe Adjusted OIBDA is a meaningful measure and is superior to available GAAP measures because it represents a transparent view of our recurring operating performance that is unaffected by our capital structure and allows management to (1) readily view operating trends, (2) perform analytical comparisons and benchmarking between segments and (3) identify strategies to improve operating performance in the different countries in which we operate. We believe our Adjusted OIBDA measure is useful to investors because it is one of the bases for comparing our performance with the performance of other companies in the same or similar industries, although our measure may not be directly comparable to similar measures used by other public companies. Adjusted OIBDA should be viewed as a measure of operating performance that is a supplement to, and not a substitute for, operating income, net earnings or loss, cash flow from operating activities and other GAAP measures of income or cash flows. A reconciliation of total segment Adjusted OIBDA to our loss from continuing operations before income taxes is presented below.
During the fourth quarter of 2014, we began presenting (i) our operating segments in the U.K. and Ireland as one combined reportable segment, (ii) our operating segments in Switzerland and Austria as one combined reportable segment and (iii) our UPC DTH operating segment, as described below, as part of our Central and Eastern Europe reportable segment. These changes were made as a result of internal changes in organizational structures, changes in how these segments are evaluated and monitored by the chief operating decision maker and the integration of certain functions within these reportable segments. During the second quarter of 2015 and in anticipation of the issuance of ordinary shares related to our Latin America and Caribbean operations, we began presenting our operating segment in Puerto Rico as a separate reportable segment. Previously, (a) our operating segments in the U.K. and Switzerland were each separate reportable segments, (b) our operating segments in Ireland and Austria were combined into one reportable segment, “Other Western Europe,” (c) our UPC DTH operating segment was included in the European Operations Division’s central and other category and (d) our operating segment in Puerto Rico was included in our corporate and other category. Segment information for all periods presented has been revised to reflect the above-described changes. We present only the reportable segments of our continuing operations in the tables below.
As of December 31, 2014, our reportable segments are as follows:
| | • | European Operations Division: |
| | • | Central and Eastern Europe |
All of the reportable segments set forth above derive their revenue primarily from broadband communications services, including video, broadband internet and fixed-line telephony services. Most of our reportable segments also provide B2B and mobile services. At December 31, 2014, our operating segments in the European Operations Division provided broadband communications services in 12 European countries and DTH services to customers in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania and Slovakia through a Luxembourg-based organization that we refer to as “UPC DTH.” In addition to UPC DTH, our Central and Eastern Europe segment includes our broadband communications operations in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Slovakia. The European Operations Division’s central and other category includes (i) costs associated with certain centralized functions, including billing systems, network operations, technology, marketing, facilities, finance and other administrative functions, and (ii) intersegment eliminations within the European Operations Division. The corporate and other category includes less significant consolidated operating segments that provide programming and other services. Intersegment eliminations primarily represent the elimination of intercompany transactions between our broadband communications and programming operations.
Performance Measures of Our Reportable Segments
The amounts presented below represent 100% of each of our reportable segment’s revenue and Adjusted OIBDA. As we have the ability to control Telenet and Liberty Puerto Rico, we consolidate 100% of the revenue and expenses of these entities in our consolidated statements of operations despite the fact that third parties own significant interests in these entities. The noncontrolling owners’ interests in the operating results of Telenet, Liberty Puerto Rico and other less significant majority-owned subsidiaries are reflected in net earnings or loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in our consolidated statements of operations. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Year ended December 31, | | 2014 | | 2013 | | 2012 | | Revenue | | Adjusted OIBDA | | Revenue | | Adjusted OIBDA | | Revenue | | Adjusted OIBDA | | in millions | European Operations Division: | | | | | | | | | | | | U.K./Ireland (a) | $ | 7,409.9 |
| | $ | 3,235.7 |
| | $ | 4,117.4 |
| | $ | 1,742.8 |
| | $ | 426.4 |
| | $ | 189.1 |
| The Netherlands (b) | 1,498.5 |
| | 857.9 |
| | 1,242.4 |
| | 721.7 |
| | 1,229.1 |
| | 737.1 |
| Germany | 2,711.5 |
| | 1,678.2 |
| | 2,559.2 |
| | 1,541.1 |
| | 2,311.0 |
| | 1,364.3 |
| Belgium | 2,279.4 |
| | 1,125.0 |
| | 2,185.9 |
| | 1,049.4 |
| | 1,918.0 |
| | 940.7 |
| Switzerland/Austria | 1,846.1 |
| | 1,056.4 |
| | 1,767.1 |
| | 1,005.7 |
| | 1,681.8 |
| | 936.5 |
| Total Western Europe | 15,745.4 |
| | 7,953.2 |
| | 11,872.0 |
| | 6,060.7 |
| | 7,566.3 |
| | 4,167.7 |
| Central and Eastern Europe | 1,259.5 |
| | 583.0 |
| | 1,272.0 |
| | 584.5 |
| | 1,231.2 |
| | 589.2 |
| Central and other | (7.1 | ) | | (282.7 | ) | | (0.4 | ) | | (239.1 | ) | | 1.5 |
| | (195.7 | ) | Total European Operations Division | 16,997.8 |
| | 8,253.5 |
| | 13,143.6 |
| | 6,406.1 |
| | 8,799.0 |
| | 4,561.2 |
| LiLAC Division: | | | | | | | | | | | | Chile | 898.5 |
| | 351.0 |
| | 991.6 |
| | 353.6 |
| | 940.6 |
| | 314.2 |
| Puerto Rico | 306.1 |
| | 128.9 |
| | 297.2 |
| | 107.3 |
| | 145.5 |
| | 52.9 |
| Total LiLAC Division | 1,204.6 |
| | 479.9 |
| | 1,288.8 |
| | 460.9 |
| | 1,086.1 |
| | 367.1 |
| Corporate and other | 70.8 |
| | (215.1 | ) | | 77.1 |
| | (171.1 | ) | | 78.6 |
| | (136.0 | ) | Intersegment eliminations (c) | (24.9 | ) | | 4.0 |
| | (35.3 | ) | | 44.8 |
| | (32.9 | ) | | 38.6 |
| Total | $ | 18,248.3 |
| | $ | 8,522.3 |
| | $ | 14,474.2 |
| | $ | 6,740.7 |
| | $ | 9,930.8 |
| | $ | 4,830.9 |
|
______________
| | (a) | The amounts presented for 2013 include the post-acquisition revenue and Adjusted OIBDA of Virgin Media from June 8, 2013 through December 31, 2013. |
| | (b) | The amounts presented for 2014 include the post-acquisition revenue and Adjusted OIBDA of Ziggo from November 12, 2014 through December 31, 2014. |
| | (c) | The intersegment eliminations that are applicable to revenue are primarily related to transactions between our European Operations Division and our continuing programming operations. The intersegment eliminations that are applicable to Adjusted OIBDA are related to transactions between our European Operations Division and the Chellomedia Disposal Group, which eliminations are no longer recorded following the completion of the Chellomedia Transaction on January 31, 2014. |
The following table provides a reconciliation of total segment Adjusted OIBDA from continuing operations to loss from continuing operations before income taxes: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Year ended December 31, | | 2014 | | 2013 | | 2012 | | in millions | Total segment Adjusted OIBDA from continuing operations | $ | 8,522.3 |
| | $ | 6,740.7 |
| | $ | 4,830.9 |
| Share-based compensation expense | (257.2 | ) | | (300.7 | ) | | (110.1 | ) | Depreciation and amortization | (5,500.1 | ) | | (4,276.4 | ) | | (2,661.5 | ) | Release of litigation provision | — |
| | 146.0 |
| | — |
| Impairment, restructuring and other operating items, net | (536.8 | ) | | (297.5 | ) | | (76.2 | ) | Operating income | 2,228.2 |
| | 2,012.1 |
| | 1,983.1 |
| Interest expense | (2,544.7 | ) | | (2,286.9 | ) | | (1,673.6 | ) | Interest and dividend income | 31.7 |
| | 113.1 |
| | 42.1 |
| Realized and unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments, net | 88.8 |
| | (1,020.4 | ) | | (1,070.3 | ) | Foreign currency transaction gains (losses), net | (836.5 | ) | | 349.3 |
| | 438.4 |
| Realized and unrealized gains (losses) due to changes in fair values of certain investments, net | 205.2 |
| | 524.1 |
| | (10.2 | ) | Losses on debt modification, extinguishment and conversion, net | (186.2 | ) | | (212.2 | ) | | (213.8 | ) | Other expense, net | (42.4 | ) | | (5.6 | ) | | (4.6 | ) | Loss from continuing operations before income taxes | $ | (1,055.9 | ) | | $ | (526.5 | ) | | $ | (508.9 | ) |
Balance Sheet Data of our Reportable Segments
Selected balance sheet data of our reportable segments is set forth below: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Long-lived assets | | Total assets | | December 31, | | December 31, | | 2014 | | 2013 | | 2014 | | 2013 | | in millions | European Operations Division: | | | | | | | | U.K./Ireland | $ | 21,754.2 |
| | $ | 24,322.1 |
| | $ | 25,487.2 |
| | $ | 30,598.8 |
| The Netherlands | 17,092.7 |
| | 2,496.5 |
| | 17,387.0 |
| | 2,845.3 |
| Germany | 9,117.9 |
| | 10,754.7 |
| | 9,512.8 |
| | 11,968.2 |
| Belgium | 4,149.5 |
| | 4,737.4 |
| | 4,828.8 |
| | 5,909.2 |
| Switzerland/Austria | 5,300.9 |
| | 5,961.8 |
| | 5,643.9 |
| | 6,484.8 |
| Total Western Europe | 57,415.2 |
| | 48,272.5 |
| | 62,859.7 |
| | 57,806.3 |
| Central and Eastern Europe | 2,459.9 |
| | 2,898.7 |
| | 2,566.4 |
| | 3,127.4 |
| Central and other | 499.4 |
| | 463.5 |
| | 2,613.2 |
| | 1,639.1 |
| Total European Operations Division | 60,374.5 |
| | 51,634.7 |
| | 68,039.3 |
| | 62,572.8 |
| LiLAC Division: | | | | | | | | Chile | 1,017.3 |
| | 1,139.7 |
| | 1,513.2 |
| | 1,628.9 |
| Puerto Rico | 1,128.3 |
| | 1,131.9 |
| | 1,209.0 |
| | 1,195.7 |
| Total LiLAC Division | 2,145.6 |
| | 2,271.6 |
| | 2,722.2 |
| | 2,824.6 |
| Corporate and other | 68.9 |
| | 83.0 |
| | 2,080.4 |
| | 1,564.6 |
| Total - continuing operations | 62,589.0 |
| | 53,989.3 |
| | 72,841.9 |
| | 66,962.0 |
| Discontinued operation (a) | — |
| | 513.6 |
| | — |
| | 752.3 |
| Total | $ | 62,589.0 |
| | $ | 54,502.9 |
| | $ | 72,841.9 |
| | $ | 67,714.3 |
|
______________
| | (a) | At December 31, 2013, the long-lived assets and total assets of the Chellomedia Disposal Group are presented in long-term assets of discontinued operation in our consolidated balance sheet. |
Property and Equipment Additions of our Reportable Segments
The property and equipment additions of our reportable segments (including capital additions financed under vendor financing or capital lease arrangements) are presented below and reconciled to the capital expenditure amounts included in our consolidated statements of cash flows. For additional information concerning capital additions financed under vendor financing and capital lease arrangements, see note 9. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Year ended December 31, | | 2014 | | 2013 | | 2012 | | in millions | European Operations Division: | | | | | | U.K./Ireland (a) | $ | 1,506.7 |
| | $ | 827.5 |
| | $ | 74.5 |
| The Netherlands (b) | 268.0 |
| | 242.4 |
| | 221.8 |
| Germany | 574.5 |
| | 543.4 |
| | 559.5 |
| Belgium | 448.9 |
| | 453.7 |
| | 440.0 |
| Switzerland/Austria | 327.2 |
| | 306.4 |
| | 292.8 |
| Total Western Europe | 3,125.3 |
| | 2,373.4 |
| | 1,588.6 |
| Central and Eastern Europe | 264.8 |
| | 271.6 |
| | 248.7 |
| Central and other | 257.9 |
| | 256.0 |
| | 144.3 |
| Total European Operations Division | 3,648.0 |
| | 2,901.0 |
| | 1,981.6 |
| LiLAC Division: | | | | | | Chile | 195.8 |
| | 188.5 |
| | 243.4 |
| Puerto Rico | 60.4 |
| | 65.8 |
| | 25.5 |
| Total LiLAC Division | 256.2 |
| | 254.3 |
| | 268.9 |
| Corporate and other | 5.0 |
| | 6.3 |
| | 8.1 |
| Property and equipment additions | 3,909.2 |
| | 3,161.6 |
| | 2,258.6 |
| Assets acquired under capital-related vendor financing arrangements | (975.3 | ) | | (573.5 | ) | | (246.5 | ) | Assets acquired under capital leases | (127.2 | ) | | (143.0 | ) | | (63.1 | ) | Changes in current liabilities related to capital expenditures | (122.3 | ) | | 36.4 |
| | (80.7 | ) | Total capital expenditures | $ | 2,684.4 |
| | $ | 2,481.5 |
| | $ | 1,868.3 |
|
______________
| | (a) | The amount presented for 2013 includes the post-acquisition property and equipment additions of Virgin Media from June 8, 2013 through December 31, 2013. |
| | (b) | The amount presented for 2014 includes the post-acquisition property and equipment additions of Ziggo from November 12, 2014 through December 31, 2014. |
Revenue by Major Category
Our revenue by major category is set forth below: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Year ended December 31, | | 2014 | | 2013 | | 2012 | | in millions | Subscription revenue (a): | | | | | | Video | $ | 6,544.0 |
| | $ | 5,724.1 |
| | $ | 4,637.6 |
| Broadband internet | 4,724.6 |
| | 3,538.7 |
| | 2,407.0 |
| Fixed-line telephony | 3,261.4 |
| | 2,508.5 |
| | 1,518.9 |
| Cable subscription revenue | 14,530.0 |
| | 11,771.3 |
| | 8,563.5 |
| Mobile subscription revenue (b) | 1,085.6 |
| | 669.9 |
| | 131.5 |
| Total subscription revenue | 15,615.6 |
| | 12,441.2 |
| | 8,695.0 |
| B2B revenue (c) | 1,517.9 |
| | 986.9 |
| | 467.9 |
| Other revenue (b) (d) | 1,114.8 |
| | 1,046.1 |
| | 767.9 |
| Total | $ | 18,248.3 |
| | $ | 14,474.2 |
| | $ | 9,930.8 |
|
_______________
| | (a) | Subscription revenue includes amounts received from subscribers for ongoing services, excluding installation fees and late fees. Subscription revenue from subscribers who purchase bundled services at a discounted rate is generally allocated proportionally to each service based on the standalone price for each individual service. As a result, changes in the standalone pricing of our cable and mobile products or the composition of bundles can contribute to changes in our product revenue categories from period to period. |
| | (b) | Mobile subscription revenue excludes mobile interconnect revenue of $245.0 million, $175.2 million and $35.1 million during 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Mobile interconnect revenue and revenue from mobile handset sales are included in other revenue. |
| | (c) | B2B revenue includes revenue from business broadband internet, video, voice, wireless and data services offered to medium to large enterprises and, on a wholesale basis, to other operators. We also provide services to certain small office and home office (SOHO) subscribers. SOHO subscribers pay a premium price to receive enhanced service levels along with video, broadband internet, fixed-line telephony or mobile services that are the same or similar to the mass marketed products offered to our residential subscribers. Revenue from SOHO subscribers, which aggregated $204.1 million, $152.5 million and $59.7 million during 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, is included in cable subscription revenue. |
| | (d) | Other revenue includes, among other items, interconnect, installation and carriage fee revenue. |
Geographic Segments
The revenue of our geographic segments is set forth below: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Year ended December 31, | | 2014 | | 2013 | | 2012 | | in millions | European Operations Division: | | | | | | U.K. (a) | $ | 6,941.1 |
| | $ | 3,653.7 |
| | $ | — |
| Germany | 2,711.5 |
| | 2,559.2 |
| | 2,311.0 |
| Belgium | 2,279.4 |
| | 2,185.9 |
| | 1,918.0 |
| Switzerland | 1,414.4 |
| | 1,332.1 |
| | 1,259.8 |
| The Netherlands (b) | 1,498.5 |
| | 1,242.4 |
| | 1,229.1 |
| Ireland | 468.8 |
| | 463.7 |
| | 426.4 |
| Poland | 469.9 |
| | 460.4 |
| | 450.0 |
| Austria | 431.7 |
| | 435.0 |
| | 422.0 |
| Hungary | 310.2 |
| | 313.8 |
| | 298.9 |
| The Czech Republic | 221.0 |
| | 248.9 |
| | 253.4 |
| Romania | 173.3 |
| | 163.8 |
| | 149.4 |
| Slovakia | 74.5 |
| | 74.6 |
| | 70.5 |
| Other | 3.5 |
| | 10.1 |
| | 10.5 |
| Total European Operations Division | 16,997.8 |
| | 13,143.6 |
| | 8,799.0 |
| LiLAC Division: | | | | | | Chile | 898.5 |
| | 991.6 |
| | 940.6 |
| Puerto Rico | 306.1 |
| | 297.2 |
| | 145.5 |
| Total LiLAC Division | 1,204.6 |
| | 1,288.8 |
| | 1,086.1 |
| Other, including intersegment eliminations | 45.9 |
| | 41.8 |
| | 45.7 |
| Total | $ | 18,248.3 |
| | $ | 14,474.2 |
| | $ | 9,930.8 |
|
_______________
| | (a) | The amount presented for 2013 reflects the post-acquisition revenue of Virgin Media from June 8, 2013 through December 31, 2013. |
| | (b) | The amount presented for 2014 reflects the post-acquisition revenue of Ziggo from November 12, 2014 through December 31, 2014. |
The long-lived assets of our geographic segments are set forth below: | | | | | | | | | | December 31, | | 2014 | | 2013 | | in millions | European Operations Division: | | | | U.K. | $ | 21,098.3 |
| | $ | 23,570.6 |
| The Netherlands | 17,092.7 |
| | 2,496.5 |
| Germany | 9,117.9 |
| | 10,754.7 |
| Switzerland | 4,218.9 |
| | 4,745.7 |
| Belgium | 4,149.5 |
| | 4,737.4 |
| Austria | 1,082.0 |
| | 1,216.1 |
| Poland | 983.5 |
| | 1,178.5 |
| Ireland | 655.9 |
| | 751.5 |
| The Czech Republic | 580.4 |
| | 679.7 |
| Hungary | 535.7 |
| | 640.6 |
| Romania | 209.1 |
| | 226.0 |
| Slovakia | 110.5 |
| | 131.0 |
| Other (a) | 540.1 |
| | 506.4 |
| Total European Operations Division | 60,374.5 |
| | 51,634.7 |
| LiLAC Division: | | | | Puerto Rico | 1,128.3 |
| | 1,131.9 |
| Chile | 1,017.3 |
| | 1,139.7 |
| Total LiLAC Division | 2,145.6 |
| | 2,271.6 |
| U.S. and other (b) | 68.9 |
| | 83.0 |
| Total - continuing operations | 62,589.0 |
| | 53,989.3 |
| Discontinued operation (c) | — |
| | 513.6 |
| Total | $ | 62,589.0 |
| | $ | 54,502.9 |
|
_______________
| | (a) | Primarily represents long-lived assets of the European Operations Division’s central operations, which are located in the Netherlands. |
| | (b) | Primarily represents the assets of our corporate offices. |
| | (c) | At December 31, 2013, the long-lived assets of the Chellomedia Disposal Group are presented in long-term assets of discontinued operation in our consolidated balance sheet. |
|