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Recent Accounting Pronouncements (Policies)
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Changes and Error Corrections [Abstract]  
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Recent Accounting Pronouncements
ASU 2023-09

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (ASU 2023-09), which is intended to enhance the transparency of income tax matters within financial statements, providing stakeholders with a clearer understanding of tax positions and their associated risks and uncertainties. ASU 2023-09 requires public business entities to disclose, on an annual basis, specific categories in the rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a specific quantitative threshold. There is a further requirement that public business entities will need to disclose a tabular reconciliation, using both percentages and reporting currency amounts. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. We are currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2023-09 on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

ASU 2023-07

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (ASU 2023-07), which aims to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures regarding significant segment expenses. ASU 2023-07 requires public companies to disclose, on an annual and interim basis, significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker and included within each reported measure of segment profit or loss. ASU 2023-07 also requires a public entity to disclose, on an annual and interim basis for each reportable segment, an amount for other segment items and a description of its composition. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 and is required to be applied on a retrospective basis. We are currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2023-07 on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

ASU 2023-05

In August 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-05, Business Combinations — Joint Venture Formations: Recognition and Initial Measurement (ASU 2023-05), which outlines updates to the formation of entities that meet the definition of a joint venture as defined by the FASB. ASU 2023-05 requires a joint venture to measure its assets and liabilities at fair value upon formation. ASU 2023-05 is effective prospectively for joint venture formations with a formation date on or after January 1, 2025. We do not expect ASU 2023-05 to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Revenue Recognition and Related Costs Revenue Recognition and Related Costs
Contract Balances

The timing of our recognition of revenue may differ from the timing of invoicing our customers. We record a trade receivable when we have transferred goods or services to a customer but have not yet received payment. Our trade receivables are reported net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. Such allowance aggregated $54.1 million and $58.0 million at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
If we transfer goods or services to a customer but do not have an unconditional right to payment, we record a contract asset. Contract assets typically arise from the uniform recognition of introductory promotional discounts over the contract period and accrued revenue for handset sales. Our contract assets were $43.3 million and $45.8 million as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The current and long-term portions of our contract asset balances are included within other current assets and other assets, net, respectively, on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
We record deferred revenue when we receive payment prior to transferring goods or services to a customer. We primarily defer revenue for (i) installation and other upfront services and (ii) other services that are invoiced prior to when services are provided. Our deferred revenue balances were $307.4 million and $267.6 million as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The increase in deferred revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2024 is primarily due to the net effect of (a) the impact of additions during the period and (b) the recognition of $158.2 million of revenue that was included in our deferred revenue balance at December 31, 2023. The long-term portions of our deferred revenue balances are included within other long-term liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Contract Costs

Our aggregate assets associated with incremental costs to obtain and fulfill our contracts were $80.3 million and $84.1 million at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The current and long-term portions of our assets related to contract costs are included within other current assets and other assets, net, respectively, on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. We amortized $20.9 million and $19.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, to operating costs and expenses related to these assets.

Unsatisfied Performance Obligations

A large portion of our revenue is derived from customers who are not subject to contracts. Revenue from customers who are subject to contracts is generally recognized over the term of such contracts, which is typically 12 months for our residential service contracts, one to three years for our mobile service contracts and one to five years for our B2B service contracts.
Leases Leases
General
We enter into operating and finance leases for network equipment, real estate, mobile site sharing and vehicles. We provide residual value guarantees on certain of our vehicle leases.