9. Commitments and Contingencies

Contingent Acquisition Obligations

Under the terms and conditions of the purchase agreements associated with certain acquisitions, we may be obligated to make additional payments based on the achievement of certain sales or profitability milestones by the acquired operations. The maximum amount of such future payments under arrangements with contingent consideration caps is $26.0 million as of December 31, 2017. In addition, we are required to make royalty payments through 2022 based on the license of, or sales of products containing, the technology of CXR Limited, a company acquired in 2004.

For acquisitions that occurred through the end of fiscal year 2009, we account for such contingent payments as an addition to the purchase price of the acquired business. For acquisitions after fiscal 2009, pursuant to Financial Accounting Standard 141R, which was codified into ASC 805, the estimated fair value of these obligations is recorded as a liability at the time of the acquisition with subsequent revisions recorded in Selling, general and administrative expense in the consolidated financial statements. The estimated fair value measurements of contingent earn-out obligations are primarily based on unobservable inputs, which may include projected revenues, gross margins, operating income, estimated probability of achieving and the estimated probability of earn-out payments being made. These projections and probabilities are used to estimate future contingent earnout payments, which are discounted back to present value to compute the contingent earnout liability. The following table provides a rollforward of the contingent consideration liability, which is included in Other accrued expenses and current liabilities, and Other long-term liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets:

Beginning fair value, June 30, 2017	$	11,840
Additions	3,519
Change in fair value	(156		)
Payments	(482		)

Ending fair value, December 31, 2017	$	14,721

Environmental Contingencies

We are subject to various environmental laws. Our practice is to conduct appropriate environmental investigations at our manufacturing facilities in North America, Asia Pacific, and Europe, and, to the extent practicable, on certain new properties in order to identify, as of the date of such investigation, potential areas of environmental concern related to past and present activities or from nearby operations. In certain cases, we have conducted further environmental assessments consisting of soil and groundwater testing and other investigations deemed appropriate by independent environmental consultants.

We continue to investigate contamination of the soil and groundwater beneath the Hawthorne, California facility that resulted from unspecified on and off site releases we believe occurred prior to our occupancy. We believe the releases are of a historical nature and not uncommon to the region in general. We continue to take voluntary actions, in cooperation with the local governing agency, to fully investigate the site in order to develop appropriate remedial actions.

We have not accrued for loss contingencies relating to the Hawthorne facility or any other environmental matters because we believe that, although unfavorable outcomes may be possible, they are not considered by our management to be probable and reasonably estimable. If one or more of these environmental matters are resolved in a manner adverse to us, the impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flow could be material.

Indemnifications and Certain Employment-Related Contingencies

In the normal course of business, we have agreed to indemnify certain parties with respect to certain matters. We have agreed to hold certain parties harmless against losses arising from a breach of representations, warranties or covenants, or intellectual property infringement or other claims made by third parties. These agreements may limit the time within which an indemnification claim can be made and the amount of the claim. In addition, we have entered into indemnification agreements with our directors and certain of our officers. It is not possible to determine the maximum potential amount under these indemnification agreements due to the limited history of prior indemnification claims and the unique facts and circumstances that may be involved in each particular claim. While we maintain directors and officers liability insurance coverage, such insurance coverage may be insufficient to cover all losses or all types of claims that may arise. We have not recorded any liability for costs related to contingent indemnification obligations as of December 31, 2017.

On December 31, 2017, we and Deepak Chopra, our Chief Executive Officer, entered into an amendment to Mr. Chopra’s employment agreement that, among other things, provides for a $13.5 million bonus payment to Mr. Chopra on or within 45 days of January 1, 2024 contingent upon Mr. Chopra’s continued employment with us through that date, subject to accelerated payout terms in the event of Mr. Chopra’s death or disability after January 1, 2019. The bonus is recorded in the financial statements over the remaining term of the employment agreement.

Product Warranties

We offer our customers warranties on many of the products that we sell. These warranties typically provide for repairs and maintenance of the products if problems arise during a specified time period after original shipment. Concurrent with the sale of products, we record a provision for estimated warranty expenses with a corresponding increase in cost of goods sold. We periodically adjust this provision based on historical experience and anticipated expenses. We charge actual expenses of repairs under warranty, including parts and labor, to this provision when incurred. The warranty provision is included in the Other accrued expenses and current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

The following table presents changes in warranty provisions (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended December 31,
	2016			2017
Balance at beginning of period	$	15,948		$	15,178
Additions and adjustments	5,077			7,184
Reductions for warranty repair costs	(2,752		)	(3,619		)

Balance at end of period	$	18,273		$	18,743

Legal Proceedings

In December 2017, a short seller released a report regarding our compliance with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). Following that report, we and certain of our executive officers have been named as defendants in several lawsuits in the United States District Court for the Central District of California that were filed in December 2017. Each of the complaints closely tracks the allegations set forth in the short seller’s report. All of these actions allege violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, relating to certain of our filings with the SEC, and seek damages and other relief based upon the allegations in the complaints. The matters are captioned Longo v. OSI Systems, Inc. et al., No. 17-cv-08841, Doyel v. OSI Systems, Inc. et al., No. 17-cv-08855, and Kerbs v. OSI Systems, Inc. et al., No. 17-cv-08991. We believe that these actions are without merit and intend to defend them vigorously, and we expect to incur costs associated with defending against these actions. At this early stage of the litigations, the ultimate outcomes are uncertain and we cannot reasonably predict the timing or outcomes, or estimate the amount of loss, if any, or their effect, if any, on our financial statements.

Following the short seller report, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) commenced an investigation into our compliance with the FCPA. The U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Central District of California (DOJ) has also said it intends to request information regarding FCPA compliance matters. The SEC and DOJ are also conducting an investigation of trading in our securities, and have subpoenaed information regarding trading by executives, directors and employees, as well as our operations and disclosures in and around the time of certain trades. In relation to the matters that are the subject of the trading-related investigation, we have taken action with respect to a senior-level employee. At this time, we are unable to predict what, if any, action may be taken by the DOJ or SEC as a result of these investigations, or any penalties or remedial measures these agencies may seek.

Our acquired subsidiary, AS&E, has been the subject of an investigation by the Office of the Inspector General of the U.S. General Services Administration (GSA). The investigation relates to AS&E’s discount practices and compliance with the pricing provisions of AS&E’s GSA Schedule contract prior to the date of acquisition. The investigation could lead to claims or findings of violations of the False Claims Act in connection with AS&E’s GSA contracting activity. Violations of the False Claims Act could result in the imposition of damages (up to treble damages) plus civil penalties in some cases, and we have been incurring legal costs and expect to incur further legal costs in connection with the investigation. We and AS&E continue to cooperate with the GSA investigation and management believes that an appropriate accrual for this uncertainty has been provided in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.

We are involved in various other claims and legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. In our opinion after consultation with legal counsel, the ultimate disposition of such proceedings is not likely to have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. We have not accrued for loss contingencies relating to such matters because we believe that, although unfavorable outcomes in the proceedings may be possible, they are not considered by management to be probable and reasonably estimable. If one or more of these matters are resolved in a manner adverse to our company, the impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flow could be material.