SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Consolidation—The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of OSI Systems, Inc. and our wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Investments in joint ventures over which we have significant influence but do not have voting control are accounted for using the equity method. Investments over which we do not have significant influence or control are not material and are carried at cost as there is no readily determinable fair value for the equity interests.

Cash and Cash Equivalents—We consider all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less as of the acquisition date to be cash equivalents.

Inventories

Inventories—Inventories are generally stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or net realizable value. We write down inventory for slow-moving and obsolete inventory based on historical usage, orders on hand, assessments of future demands, market conditions among other items. If these factors are less favorable than those projected, additional inventory write-downs may be required.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets and Valuation of Long-Lived Assets

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets and Valuation of Long-Lived Assets—Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the estimated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. Goodwill is allocated to our segments based on the nature of the product line of the acquired business. The carrying value of goodwill is not amortized, but is annually tested for impairment as of the end of the second quarter and more frequently if there is an indicator of impairment. We assess qualitative factors of each of our three reporting units to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill. The assessments conducted as of December 31, 2019 indicated that it is not more likely than not that the fair values of our three reporting units are less than their carrying amounts, including goodwill. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, there were no qualitative factors which would trigger impairment testing between measurement dates. Thus, we have determined that there is no goodwill impairment for any of the three reporting units.

We evaluate long-lived assets with finite lives for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. Impairment is considered to exist if the total estimated future cash flows on an undiscounted basis are less than the carrying amount of the assets. If impairment does exist, we measure the impairment loss and record it based on the discounted estimate of future cash flows. In estimating future cash flows, we group assets at the lowest level for which there are identifiable cash flows that are largely independent of the cash flows from other asset groups. Our estimate of future cash flows is based upon, among other things, certain assumptions about expected future operating performance, growth rates and other factors.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair Value of Financial Instruments—Our financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, derivative instruments, accounts receivable, accounts payable and debt instruments. The carrying values of financial instruments, other than long term debt instruments, are representative of their fair values due to their short term maturities. The carrying values of our long term debt instruments are considered to approximate their fair values because the interest rates of these instruments are variable or comparable to current rates for financing available to us.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. “Level 1” category includes assets and liabilities at quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities. “Level 2” category includes assets and liabilities from observable inputs other than quoted market prices. “Level 3” category includes assets and liabilities for which valuation techniques are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement. As of June 30, 2019 and 2020, there were no assets where “Level 3” valuation techniques were used. As further discussed in Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements, our contingent payment obligations related to acquisitions are valued using “Level 3” valuation techniques on a recurring basis. The fair values of our financial assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2019 and 2020 are categorized as follows (in thousands):


	June 30, 2019								June 30, 2020
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets—Insurance company contracts	$	—	$	35,899	$	—	$	35,899	$	—	$	37,155	$	—	$	37,155
Liabilities—Contingent consideration	$	—	$	—	$	16,577	$	16,577	$	—	$	—	$	13,867	$	13,867

Freight

Freight—We record shipping and handling fees that we charge to our customers as revenue and related costs as cost of goods sold.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation—Stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the estimated fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the employee’s requisite service period for all stock-based awards granted or modified. Certain restricted stock unit awards vest based on the achievement of pre-established performance criteria. The fair value of performance-based awards is estimated at the date of grant based upon the probability that the specified performance criteria will be met, adjusted for estimated forfeitures. Each quarter we update our assessment of the probability that the specified performance criteria will be achieved and adjust the estimate of the fair value of the performance-based awards if necessary. We amortize the fair value of performance-based awards over the requisite service period for each separately vesting tranche of the award. See Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements.

Credit Risk and Concentration

Credit Risk and Concentration—Financial instruments that are potentially subject to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and accounts receivable. We restrict investments in cash equivalents to financial institutions with high credit standing. Credit risk on accounts receivable is minimized as a result of the large and diverse nature of our company’s worldwide customer base. As of June 30, 2019, no customer accounted for greater than 10% of accounts receivable. As of June 30, 2020, one customer accounted for 13% of accounts receivable. In fiscal year 2019 and 2020, no customer accounted for greater than 10% of revenues. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers’ financial condition and maintain allowances for potential credit losses.

Our cash and cash equivalents totaled $96.3 million and $76.1 million at June 30, 2019 and 2020, respectively. Of these amounts, approximately 87% and 63% was held by our foreign subsidiaries at June 30, 2019 and 2020, respectively.

For cost, quality control, technological, and efficiency reasons, we purchase certain materials, parts, and components only from single vendors with whom we have ongoing relationships. We do, however, qualify second sources for many of our materials, parts, and components. While management believes that relying on key vendors improves the efficiency and reliability of business operations, relying on any one vendor for a significant aspect of business can have a significant negative impact on revenue and profitability if that vendor fails to perform at acceptable service levels for any reason, including financial difficulties of the vendor.

Business Combinations

Business Combinations—Under ASC 805, the acquisition method of accounting requires us to record assets acquired and liabilities assumed from an acquisition at their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. Any excess of the total estimated purchase price over the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired should be recorded as goodwill. Such valuations require management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets. Significant estimates in valuing certain intangible assets include, but are not limited to, future expected cash flows from acquired customers, acquired technology, trade names, useful lives and discount rates. Management’s estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. During the measurement period, which is one year from the acquisition date, as additional information becomes available for preliminary estimates, we may record adjustments to the preliminary assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period, any subsequent adjustments are included in earnings.

Warranty Provision

Warranty Provision—We offer our customers warranties on many of the products that we sell. These warranties typically provide for repairs and maintenance of the products if problems arise during a specified time period after original shipment. Concurrent with the sale of products, we record a provision for estimated warranty expenses with a corresponding increase in cost of goods sold. We periodically adjust this provision based on historical experience and anticipated expenses. We charge actual expenses of repairs under warranty, including parts and labor, to this provision when incurred. The current obligation for warranty provision is included in other accrued expenses and current liabilities and the noncurrent portion is included in other long-term liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets, whose activity for each of the three fiscal years ended June 30, 2020 is summarized in the following table (in thousands):


Warranty provision as of June 30, 2017	$	15,178
Warranty claims provided for/assumed in acquisition		14,156
Settlements made		(7,515)
Warranty provision as of June 30, 2018	$	21,819
Warranty claims provided for/assumed in acquisition		8,867
Settlements made		(8,962)
Warranty provision as of June 30, 2019	$	21,724
Warranty claims provided for/assumed in acquisition		7,551
Settlements made		(8,450)
Warranty provision as of June 30, 2020	$	20,825

Subsequent Events

Subsequent Events—In accordance with ASC 855 the Company's management reviewed all material events through August 21, 2020 the date these financial statements were available to be issued, and there are no material subsequent events.