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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

12 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Description of Business—OSI Systems, Inc., together with our subsidiaries, is a vertically integrated designer and manufacturer of specialized electronic systems and components for critical applications. We sell our products and provide related services in diversified markets, including homeland security, healthcare, defense and aerospace.

We have three reporting segments: (i) Security, providing security and inspection systems and turnkey security screening solutions; (ii) Healthcare, providing patient monitoring, cardiology and remote monitoring and connected care systems and associated accessories; and (iii) Optoelectronics and Manufacturing, providing specialized electronic components and electronic manufacturing services for our Security and Healthcare divisions, as well as third parties for applications in the defense and aerospace markets, among others.

Through our Security segment, we provide security screening products and related services globally. These products fall into the following categories: baggage and parcel inspection; cargo and vehicle inspection; hold (checked) baggage screening; people screening; radiation detection; and explosive and narcotics trace detection. In addition to these products, we also provide site design, installation, training and technical support services to our customers. We also provide turnkey security screening solutions, which can include the construction, staffing and long-term operation of security screening checkpoints for our customers.

Through our Healthcare segment, we design, manufacture, market and service patient monitoring, cardiology and remote monitoring, and connected care systems and associated accessories globally. These products are used by care providers in critical care, emergency and perioperative areas within hospitals as well as physicians’ offices, medical clinics and ambulatory surgery centers, among others.

Through our Optoelectronics and Manufacturing segment, we design, manufacture and market optoelectronic devices and flex circuits and provide electronics manufacturing services globally for use in a broad range of applications, including aerospace and defense electronics, X-ray security and inspection systems and medical imaging, chemistry analysis and diagnostics instruments, telecommunications, scanners and industrial automations, internet of things (IoT) and consumer wearable products. This division provides products and services to OEM customers and end users as well as to our Security and Healthcare divisions.

Consolidation—The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of OSI Systems, Inc. and our wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Investments in joint ventures over which we have significant influence but do not have voting control are accounted for using the equity method. Investments over which we do not have significant influence or control are not material and are carried at cost as there is no readily determinable fair value for the equity interests.

Use of Estimates—The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of sales,costs of sales and expenses during the reporting period. The most significant of these estimates and assumptions for our company relate to contract revenue, fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations, values for inventories reported at lower of cost or net realizable value, stock-based compensation expense, income taxes, accrued warranty costs, and the recoverability, useful lives and valuation of recorded amounts of long-lived assets, identifiable intangible assets and goodwill. Changes in estimates are reflected in the periods during which they become known. Due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making estimates, our actual amounts reported in future periods could differ materially from these estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents—We consider all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less as of the acquisition date to be cash equivalents.

Our cash and cash equivalents totaled $64.2 million at June 30, 2022. Of this amount, approximately 78% was held by our foreign subsidiaries and subject to repatriation tax considerations. These foreign funds were held primarily by our subsidiaries in the United Kingdom, Singapore, Malaysia, Canada, India, and Australia, and to a lesser extent in Albania and Germany among other countries. We have cash holdings in financial institutions that exceed insured limits for such financial institutions; however, we mitigate this risk by utilizing international financial institutions of high credit quality.

Accounts Receivable—We monitor collections and payments from our customers, and we maintain allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. We determine the allowance based on known troubled accounts, historical experience, current economic trends that might impact the level of credit losses in the future and other available information. If the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances could be required.

Inventories—Inventories are generally stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. We write down inventory for slow-moving and obsolete inventory based on historical usage, orders on hand, assessments of future demands, market conditions among other items. If these factors are less favorable than those projected, additional inventory write-downs may be required.

Property and Equipment—Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are charged while assets are used in service and are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets taking into consideration any estimated salvage value. Amortization of leasehold improvements is calculated on the straight-line method over the shorter of the useful life of the asset or the lease term. Right-of-use assets from finance leases are included in property and equipment. Amortization of property and equipment under finance leases is included with depreciation expense. In the event that property and equipment are idle, as a result of excess capacity or the early termination, non-renewal or reduction in scope of a turnkey screening operation, such assets are assessed for impairment on a periodic basis or if any indicators of impairment exist.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets and Valuation of Long-Lived Assets—Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the estimated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. Goodwill is allocated to our segments based on the nature of the product line of the acquired business. The carrying value of goodwill is not amortized but is annually tested for impairment as of the end of the second quarter and more frequently if there is an indicator of impairment. We assess qualitative factors of each of our three reporting units to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill. The assessments conducted as of December 31, 2021 indicated that it is not more likely than not that the fair values of our three reporting units are less than their carrying amounts, including goodwill. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, there were no qualitative factors which would trigger impairment testing between measurement dates. Thus, we have determined that there is no goodwill impairment for any of the three reporting units.

We evaluate long-lived assets with finite lives for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. Impairment is considered to exist if the total estimated future cash flows on an undiscounted basis are less than the carrying amount of the assets. If impairment does exist, we measure the impairment loss and record it based on the discounted estimate of future cash flows. In estimating future cash flows, we group assets at the lowest level for which there are identifiable cash flows that are largely independent of the cash flows from other asset groups. Our estimate of future cash flows is based upon, among other things, certain assumptions about expected future operating performance, growth rates and other factors.

Income Taxes—Deferred income taxes are provided for temporary differences between the financial statement and income tax basis of our assets and liabilities, based on enacted tax rates. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred income tax assets will not be realized. Income tax accounting standards prescribe a two-step process for the financial statement measurement and recognition of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The first step involves the determination of whether it is more likely than not (greater than 50 percent likelihood) that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, based on the technical merits of the position. The second step requires that any tax position that meets the more likely than not recognition threshold be measured and recognized in the financial statements at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. See Note 10 for additional information.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments—Our financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, insurance company contracts, accounts receivable, accounts payable, debt instruments and foreign currency forward contracts. The carrying values of financial instruments, other than long term debt instruments, are representative of their fair values due to their short-term maturities. The carrying values of our long-term debt instruments are considered to approximate their fair values because the interest rates of these instruments are variable or comparable to current rates for financing available to us. The fair values of our foreign currency forward contracts were not significant as of June 30, 2022.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The “Level 1” category includes assets and liabilities at quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities. The “Level 2” category includes assets and liabilities from observable inputs other than quoted market prices. The “Level 3” category includes assets and liabilities for which valuation techniques are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement. Our contingent payment obligations related to acquisitions, which are further discussed in Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements, are in the “Level 3” category for valuation purposes.

The fair values of our financial assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2021 and 2022 are categorized as follows (in thousands):


	June 30, 2021								June 30, 2022
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets—Insurance company contracts	$	—	$	47,113	$	—	$	47,113	$	—	$	40,284	$	—	$	40,284
Liabilities—Convertible debt	$	—	$	287,500	$	—	$	287,500	$	—	$	242,302	$	—	$	242,302
Liabilities—Contingent consideration	$	—	$	—	$	19,431	$	19,431	$	—	$	—	$	28,212	$	28,212

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activity—Our use of derivatives consists of foreign currency forward contracts. These forward contracts are utilized to partially mitigate certain balance sheet exposures or used as a net investment hedge to protect against potential changes resulting from short-term foreign currency fluctuations. These contracts have original maturities of up to three months. We do not use hedging instruments for speculative purposes.

The net investment hedge has been designated as a hedge instrument and accounted for under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 815 Derivatives and Hedging. Hedge effectiveness is assessed using the spot method, consistent with guidance in ASC 815 whereby the change in fair value of the forward contract is recorded in the same manner as the related currency translation adjustments, within other comprehensive income, as the hedging instrument is expected to be fully effective unless the amount hedged exceeds the net investment in the foreign operation, or the foreign operation is liquidated. We settled the net investment hedge during fiscal 2021, and the amount recorded in other comprehensive loss was not significant. There were no net investment hedges outstanding as of June 30, 2022.

The net gains or losses from our foreign currency forward contracts, which are not designated as hedge instruments, are reported in the consolidated statements of operations, and the amounts reported for the years ending June 30, 2020, 2021 and 2022 were not significant. The fair value of our foreign currency forward contracts is estimated using a standard valuation model and market-based observable inputs over the contractual term. Unrealized gains are recognized as assets and unrealized losses are recognized as liabilities. As of June 30, 2021 and 2022, we held foreign currency forward contracts with notional amounts totaling $26.1 million and $22.9 million, respectively. Unrealized gains and losses from our foreign currency forward contracts as of June 30, 2021 and 2022 were not significant.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue under Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), which superseded all prior revenue recognition methods and industry-specific guidance. The core principle of ASC 606 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of control for promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In applying the revenue recognition principles, an entity is required to identify the contract(s) with a customer, identify the performance obligations, determine the transaction price, allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations and recognize revenue as the performance obligations are satisfied (i.e., either over time or at a point in time). ASC 606 further requires that companies disclose sufficient information to enable readers of financial statements to understand the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers.

Product Sales. We recognize revenue from sales of products upon shipment or delivery when control of the product transfers to the customer, depending on the terms of each sale, and when collection is probable. In the circumstance where terms of a product sale include subjective customer acceptance criteria, revenue is deferred until we have achieved the customer acceptance criteria unless such acceptance criteria are perfunctory or inconsequential. We generally offer customers payment terms of less than one year. In cases when payment terms extend beyond one year, we consider whether the contract has a significant financing component.

Service Revenue. Revenue from services includes installation and implementation of products and turnkey security screening services and after-market services. Generally, revenue from services is recognized over time as the services are performed. Revenues from out of warranty service maintenance contracts are recognized ratably over the respective terms of such contracts. Deferred revenue for such services arises from payments received from customers for services not yet performed.

Contract Revenue. Sales agreements with customers can be project specific, cover a period of time, and can be renewable periodically. The contracts may contain terms and conditions with respect to payment, delivery, installation, services, warranty and other rights. In certain instances, we consider an accepted customer order, governed by a master sales agreement, to be the contract with the customer when legal rights and obligations exist. Contracts with customers may include the sale of products and services, as discussed in the paragraphs above. In certain instances, contracts can contain multiple performance obligations as discussed in the paragraph below. According to the terms of a sale contract, we may receive consideration from a customer prior to transferring goods to the customer, and we record these prepayments as an advance receipt. We also record deferred revenue, typically related to service contacts, when consideration is received before the services have been performed. We recognize contract liabilities and deferred revenue as net sales after all revenue recognition criteria are met.

When determining revenue recognition for contracts, we make judgments based on our understanding of the obligations in each contract. We determine whether or not customer acceptance criteria are perfunctory or inconsequential. The determination of whether or not customer acceptance terms are perfunctory or inconsequential impacts the amount and timing of revenue recognition. Judgments also include estimates of warranty reserves, which are established based on historical experience and knowledge of the product under warranty.

Multiple Performance Obligations. Certain agreements with customers include the sale of capital equipment involving multiple elements that may include civil works to prepare a site for the installation of equipment, manufacture and delivery of equipment, installation and integration of equipment, training of customer personnel to operate the equipment and after-market service of the equipment. We generally separate multiple elements in a contract into separate performance obligations if those elements are distinct, both individually and in the context of the contract. If multiple promises comprise a series of distinct services which are substantially the same and have the same pattern of transfer, they are combined and accounted for as a single performance obligation.

In cases where obligations in a contract are distinct and thus require separation into multiple performance obligations, revenue recognition guidance requires that contract consideration be allocated to each distinct performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. The value allocated to each performance obligation is then recognized as revenue when the revenue recognition criteria for each distinct obligation or bundle of obligations has been met.

The standalone selling price for each performance obligation is an amount that depicts the amount of consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring the good or service. When there is only one performance obligation associated with a contract, the entire sale value is attributed to that obligation. When a contract contains multiple performance obligations, the standalone selling price is first estimated using the observable price, which is generally a list price net of applicable discount, or the price used to sell the good or service in similar circumstances. In circumstances when a selling price is not directly observable, we will estimate the standalone selling price using information available to us including our market assessment and/or expected cost plus margin.

The timetable for fulfilment of each of the distinct performance obligations can range from completion in a short amount of time and entirely within a single reporting period to completion over several reporting periods. The timing of revenue recognition for each performance obligation may be dependent upon several milestones, including physical delivery of equipment, completion of factory acceptance test, completion of site acceptance test, installation and connectivity of equipment, certification of training of personnel and, in the case of after-market service deliverables, the passage of time (typically evenly over the post-warranty period of the service deliverable).

We often provide a guarantee to support our performance under multiple performance obligations. In the event that customers are permitted to terminate such arrangements, the underlying contract typically requires payment for deliverables and reimbursement of costs incurred through the date of termination.

We disaggregate revenue by reporting segment (Security, Optoelectronics and Manufacturing, and Healthcare) to depict the nature of revenue in a manner consistent with our business operations and to be consistent with other communications and public filings. Refer to Note 14 for additional details of revenues by reporting segment.

Contract Assets and Liabilities. We enter into contracts to sell products and provide services, and we recognize contract assets and liabilities that arise from these transactions. We recognize revenue and corresponding accounts receivable according to ASC 606. When we recognize revenue in advance of the point in time at which contracts give us the right to invoice a customer, we record this as unbilled revenue, which is included in accounts receivable, net, on the consolidated balance sheet. We may also receive consideration, per the terms of a contract, from customers prior to transferring goods to the customer. We record customer deposits as contract liabilities. Additionally, we may receive payments, most typically under service and warranty contracts, at the onset of the contract and before services have been performed. In such instances, we record a deferred revenue liability. We recognize these contract liabilities as sales after all revenue recognition criteria are met.

Practical Expedients. In cases where we are responsible for shipping after the customer has obtained control of the goods, we have elected to treat the shipping activities as fulfillment activities rather than as a separate performance obligation. Additionally, we have elected to capitalize the cost to obtain a contract only if the period of amortization would be longer than one year. We only give consideration to whether a customer agreement has a financing component if the period of time between transfer of goods and services and customer payment is greater than one year.

Freight—We record shipping and handling fees that we charge to our customers as revenue and related costs as cost of goods sold.

Research and Development Costs—Research and development costs are those costs related to the development of a new product, process or service, or significant improvement to an existing product, process or service. Such costs are charged to operations as incurred.

Stock-Based Compensation—Stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the estimated fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the employee’s requisite service period for all stock-based awards granted or modified. Certain restricted stock unit awards vest based on the achievement of pre-established performance criteria. The fair value of performance-based awards is estimated at the date of grant based upon the probability that the specified performance criteria will be met, adjusted for estimated forfeitures. Each quarter we update our assessment of the probability that the specified performance criteria will be achieved and adjust the estimate of the expenses of the performance-based awards if necessary. We amortize the fair value of performance-based awards over the requisite service period for each separately vesting tranche of the award. See Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements.

Impairment, Restructuring and Other Charges—We account for certain charges related to restructuring activities, litigation, acquisition-related costs and other non-routine charges as Impairment, restructuring and other charges in the consolidated financial statements. See Note 7 for additional information about these charges.

Credit Risk and Concentration— Financial instruments that are potentially subject to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and accounts receivable. We restrict investments in cash equivalents to financial institutions with high credit standing. Credit risk on accounts receivable is minimized as a result of the large and diverse nature of our company’s worldwide customer base. As of June 30, 2021 and 2022, no customer accounted for greater than 10% of accounts receivable. In fiscal years 2020, 2021 and 2022, no customer accounted for greater than 10% of revenues. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers’ financial condition and maintain allowances for potential credit losses.

Our cash and cash equivalents totaled $80.6 million and $64.2 million at June 30, 2021 and 2022, respectively. Of these amounts, approximately 71% and 78% was held by our foreign subsidiaries at June 30, 2021 and 2022, respectively.

For cost, quality control, technological, and efficiency reasons, we purchase certain materials, parts, and components only from single vendors with whom we have ongoing relationships. We do, however, qualify second sources for many of our materials, parts, and components. While management believes that relying on key vendors improves the efficiency and reliability of business operations, relying on any one vendor for a significant aspect of business can have a significant negative impact on revenue and profitability if that vendor fails to perform at acceptable service levels for any reason, including financial difficulties of the vendor.

Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions— We transact business in various foreign currencies. In countries where the functional currency of the underlying operations has been determined to be the local country’s currency, revenues and expenses of operations outside the United States are translated into United States dollars using average exchange rates while assets and liabilities of operations outside the United States are translated into United States dollars using period-end exchange rates. The effects of foreign currency translation adjustments are included in stockholders’ equity as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. We also have subsidiaries where the United States dollar has been designated as the functional currency based on individual facts and circumstances. Remeasurement of non-United States dollar monetary assets and liabilities are translated using period-end exchange rates and associated gains and losses are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. Non-monetary assets and liabilities are translated using historical exchange rates. Transaction gains and losses, which were included in our consolidated statement of operations, amounted to a gain (loss) of approximately $(3.4) million, $(1.3) million and $0.6 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2020, 2021 and 2022, respectively.

Business Combinations—Under ASC 805, the acquisition method of accounting requires us to record assets acquired and liabilities assumed from an acquisition at their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. Any excess of the total estimated purchase price over the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired should be recorded as goodwill. Such valuations require management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets. Significant estimates in valuing certain intangible assets include, but are not limited to, future expected cash flows from acquired customers, acquired technology, trade names, useful lives and discount rates. Management’s estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. During the measurement period, which is up to one year from the acquisition date, as additional information that existed at the acquisition date becomes available for preliminary estimates, we may record adjustments to the preliminary assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period, any subsequent adjustments are included in earnings.

Earnings per Share—We compute basic earnings per share by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. We compute diluted earnings per share by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the sum of the weighted average number of common shares and dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period. Potential common shares consist of the shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options and restricted stock unit awards under the treasury stock method. In periods where a net loss is reported, basic and diluted net loss per share are the same since the effect of potential common shares is antidilutive and therefore excluded. The underlying equity component of the 1.25% convertible senior notes due 2022 (the “Notes”) discussed in Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements will have a net impact on diluted earnings per share when the average price of our Common Stock exceeds the conversion price of $107.46 because the principal amount of the Notes is intended to be settled in cash upon conversion. There was no dilutive effect of the Notes for the years ended June 30, 2020, 2021 and 2022.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (in thousands, except per share amounts):


	2020		2021		2022
Net income available to common stockholders	$	75,252	$	74,049	$	115,347
Weighted average shares outstanding—basic		18,191		17,968		17,551
Dilutive effect of equity awards		409		420		319
Weighted average shares outstanding—diluted		18,600		18,388		17,870
Basic earnings per share	$	4.14	$	4.12	$	6.57
Diluted earnings per share	$	4.05	$	4.03	$	6.45
Weighted average shares excluded from diluted earnings per share due to their anti-dilutive effect		120		47		47

Warranty Provision—We offer our customers warranties on many of the products that we sell. These warranties typically provide for repairs and maintenance of the products if problems arise during a specified time period after original shipment. Concurrent with the sale of products, we record a provision for estimated warranty expenses with a corresponding increase in cost of goods sold. We periodically adjust this provision based on historical experience and anticipated expenses. We charge actual expenses of repairs under warranty, including parts and labor, to this provision when incurred. The current obligation for warranty provision is included in other accrued expenses and current liabilities and the noncurrent portion is included in other long-term liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets, whose activity for each of the three fiscal years ended June 30, 2022 is summarized in the following table (in thousands):


Warranty provision as of June 30, 2019	$	21,724
Warranty claims provided for/assumed in acquisition		7,551
Settlements made		(8,450)
Warranty provision as of June 30, 2020	$	20,825
Warranty claims provided for/assumed in acquisition		5,419
Settlements made		(6,508)
Warranty provision as of June 30, 2021	$	19,736
Warranty claims provided for/assumed in acquisition		3,474
Settlements made		(9,863)
Warranty provision as of June 30, 2022	$	13,347

Leases—Right-of-use (“ROU”) assets represent our right to use an underlying asset during the reasonably certain lease terms, and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the leases. We recognize ROU lease assets and lease liabilities at lease commencement on our consolidated balance sheet based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term using a discount rate determined based on our incremental borrowing rate since the rate implicit in each lease is not readily determinable. We elected the package of practical expedients, which permits us to not reassess (1) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (2) the lease classification of any expired or existing leases, and (3) any initial direct costs for any existing leases as of the effective date. We elected the practical expedient to account for each separate lease component of a contract and its associated non-lease components as a single lease component. We also elected the hindsight practical expedient, which allows us to use hindsight in determining the lease term. We do not record an ROU asset and corresponding lease liability for leases with an initial term of one year or less (“short-term leases”). The terms in our leases may include options to extend or terminate the lease. We recognize ROU assets and liabilities when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise those options. Judgment is required in our assessment as to whether renewal or termination options are reasonably certain to be exercised and factors such as contractual terms compared to current market rates and the importance of the facility and location to our operations, among others, are considered. Lease payments are made in accordance with the lease terms, and lease expense, including short-term lease expense, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

We lease facilities and certain equipment under various operating lease agreements. The majority of our lease arrangements are comprised of fixed payments while certain of our other leases provide for periodic rent increases. Our leases may contain escalation clauses and renewal options. Most of the leases require us to pay for certain other costs such as common area maintenance and property taxes. Rent expense for leases with periodic rent increases or escalation clauses is recognized on a straight-line basis over the minimum lease term. The lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. We also have finance leases for fleet vehicles that are not material to the consolidated financial statements.

Subsequent Events— In accordance with ASC 855, our management evaluated material events after the balance sheet date through the date of the filing of this report with the SEC, and there are no disclosable subsequent events.

Recent Accounting Guidance

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Convertible Debt

In August 2020, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2020-06, Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity (“ASU 2020-06”). Under ASU 2020-06, the embedded conversion features are no longer separated from the host contract for convertible instruments with conversion features that are not required to be accounted for as derivatives under Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, or that do not result in substantial premiums accounted for as paid-in capital. Consequently, a convertible debt instrument will be accounted for as a single liability measured at its amortized cost, as long as no other features require bifurcation and recognition as derivatives. By removing those separation models, the effective interest rate of convertible debt instruments typically will be closer to the coupon interest rate. The guidance is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted, but only at the beginning of the fiscal year. We early adopted the new guidance on July 1, 2021 using the modified retrospective approach and recorded a $19 million increase to retained earnings and a reduction of $27 million in Common Stock as if there had been no equity component. Additionally, we recorded an increase to the convertible notes balance of $10 million. Interest expense recognized subsequent to adoption on July 1, 2021 is reduced as a result of accounting for the convertible debt instrument as a single liability measured at its amortized cost.

Income Taxes

In December 2019, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”). ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles of ASC 740 and is intended to improve consistency and simplify GAAP in several other areas of ASC 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance. The ASU applies to all entities that pay income taxes under GAAP. We adopted this accounting pronouncement on July 1, 2021 using the modified prospective approach. The adoption of ASU 2019-12 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Revenue Contracts with Customers in a Business Combination

In October 2021, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2021-08, an accounting standard update to improve the accounting for contract assets and contract liabilities from revenue contracts with customers in a business combination (Topic 805). This amendment improves comparability for both the recognition and measurement of acquired revenue contracts with customers at the date of and after a business combination. This authoritative guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. We early adopted the new guidance effective January 1, 2022 using the prospective approach and applied the amendments to both business combinations that occurred during the year ended June 30, 2022. The adoption of ASU 2021-08 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.