20-F 1 MainDocument.htm 20-F

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 29, 2021

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 20-F

(Mark one)

☐ REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

☐ SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number: 001-14950

ULTRAPAR PARTICIPAÇÕES S.A.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

ULTRAPAR HOLDINGS INC.

(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)

The Federative Republic of Brazil

(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

Brigadeiro Luis Antônio Avenue, 1343, 9 th Floor

São Paulo, SP, Brazil 01317-910

Telephone: 55 11 3177 3820

(Address of principal executive offices)

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Shares, without par value (represented by, and traded only in the form of, American Depositary Shares (evidenced by American Depositary Receipts), with each American Depositary Share representing one common share) | UGP | New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:

None

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report.

The number of outstanding shares of each class as of December 31, 2020.

Title of Class |  | Number of Shares Outstanding
Common Stock |  | 1,088,040,976

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. ☒ Yes ☐ No

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. ☐ Yes ☒ No

Note—Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 from their obligations under those Sections.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulations S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large Accelerated Filer ☒ Accelerated Filer ☐

Non-accelerated Filer ☐ Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

† The term “new or revised financial accounting standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

U.S. GAAP ☐ | International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ☒ | other ☐

If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow: Item 17 ☐ Item 18 ☐

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No

​

​

#### TABLE OF CONTENTS | #### Page
PART I | 8
ITEM 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISORS | 8
ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE | 8
ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION | 8
ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY | 36
ITEM 4A. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS | 103
ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS | 104
ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES | 141
ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS | 155
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION | 157
ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING | 164
ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION | 164
ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK | 180
ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES | 191
PART II | 193
ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES | 193
ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS | 193
ITEM 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES | 193
ITEM 16. [RESERVED] | 195
ITEM 16A. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT | 195
ITEM 16B. CODE OF ETHICS | 196
ITEM 16C. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES | 197
ITEM 16D. EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES | 198
ITEM 16E. PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS | 199
ITEM 16F. CHANGE IN REGISTRANT’S INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM | 199
ITEM 16G. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE | 199
ITEM 16H. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE | 202
PART III | 203
ITEM 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | 203
ITEM 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | 203
ITEM 19. EXHIBITS | 204
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | F-1

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INTRODUCTION

Ultrapar is a Brazilian company with its origins in 1937, when Ernesto Igel founded Ultragaz. Since then, Ultrapar has grown and expanded to new markets, becoming one of the largest corporate groups in Brazil. As of the date of this annual report, Ultrapar owns the following main businesses: Ipiranga, Ultragaz and Ultracargo (oil & gas downstream segment), Oxiteno (specialty chemicals), Extrafarma (retail pharmacy) and abastece aí (digital payments).

Since 1999, Ultrapar’s shares are traded under an ADR Level III program on the New York Stock Exchange – NYSE, and on the São Paulo Stock Exchange, B3 S.A. Since 2011, the Company’s shares have been listed on B3’s Novo Mercado segment.

· As of December 31, 2020, Ultragaz was the leader in LPG distribution in Brazil, one of the largest markets worldwide. Ultragaz had a 23.1% market share in 2020 according to ANP and was one of the largest independent LPG distributors in the world in terms of volume sold. See “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Distribution of Liquefied Petroleum Gas—Ultragaz—Competition”. As of December 31, 2020, we delivered LPG to an estimated 11 million households through a network of approximately 5.1 thousand independent retailers in the bottled segment and to approximately 58 thousand customers in the bulk segment. In 2020, Ultragaz’s total LPG volume sold was 1.7 million tons.

· Ultracargo is the largest private company in the liquid bulk storage industry in Brazil, with six terminals and storage capacity of 838 thousand cubic meters as of December 31, 2020, providing it with leading positions in the main ports in Brazil.

· Oxiteno is a major producer of specialty chemicals and one of the largest producers of ethylene oxide and its main derivatives in Latin America, according to IHS Chemical. Oxiteno has eleven industrial units: six in Brazil, three in Mexico, one in the United States, and one in Uruguay, commercial offices in Argentina, Belgium, China and Colombia, and research and development centers in Brazil, Mexico, the United States, and China. For the year ended December 31, 2020, Oxiteno sold 753 thousand tons of chemical products.

· Ipiranga is one of the largest fuel distributors in Brazil, with a network of 7,107 service stations and 18.5% market share in 2020 according to ANP. In addition to the service stations, Ipiranga has 1,804 AmPm convenience stores. See “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Fuel Distribution—Ipiranga—Competition”.

· Extrafarma is the seventh largest drugstore chain in Brazil, according to ABRAFARMA, with 405 drugstores and 3 distribution centers as of December 31, 2020.

· abastece aí is a digital payments company created in 2020 to leverage the benefits of the Km de Vantagens (Km of Advantages Loyalty Program) and the abastece aí (“fill up here”) app. It is a digital ecosystem pursuant to which discounts and cashback are offered to clients, mainly car and truck drivers. More than 2.3 million abastece aí digital accounts were created in 2020.

References in this annual report to “Ultrapar”, “Ultra Group”, “we”, “our”, “us” and “the Company” are to Ultrapar Participações S.A. and its consolidated subsidiaries (unless the context otherwise requires). In addition, all references in this annual report to:

· “abastece aí” are to Ultrapar’s subsidiaries that operate in the digital payment segment;

· “ABIQUIM” are to Associação Brasileira da Indústria Química, the Brazilian association of chemical industries;

· “ABRAFARMA” are to Associação Brasileira de Redes de Farmácias e Drogarias, the Brazilian association of pharmacy and drugstore chains;

· “ABTL” are to Associação Brasileira de Terminais de Líquidos, the Brazilian association of liquid bulk terminal operators;

· “ADSs” are to our American Depositary Shares, each representing (i) one common share, with respect to any period on or after August 17, 2011; or (ii) one non-voting preferred share, with respect to any period prior to August 17, 2011;

· “AmPm” are to Ipiranga’s convenience stores franchise network that operate under the brand AmPm, managed by AmPm Comestíveis Ltda.;

· “ANFAVEA” are to Associação Nacional dos Fabricantes de Veículos Automotores, the Brazilian association of vehicle producers;

· “ANP” are to the Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis, the Brazilian oil, natural gas and biofuels regulatory agency;

· “ANVISA” are to the Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária, the Brazilian health surveillance agency;

· “ARLA” are to Automotive Liquid Reducing Agent;

· “B3” are to the B3 S.A.—Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão, the São Paulo Stock Exchange;

· “Braskem” are to Braskem S.A.;

· “Brazil” are to the Federative Republic of Brazil;

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· “Brazilian Corporate Law” are to Law No. 6,404 enacted in December 1976, as amended by Law No. 9,457 enacted in May 1997, by Law No. 10,303 enacted in October 2001, by Law No. 11,638 enacted in December 2007, by Law No. 11,941 enacted in May 2009, by Law No. 12,431 enacted in June 2011, by Law No. 12,810 enacted in May 2013, by Law No. 13,129 enacted in May 2015, by Law No. 13,818 enacted in April 2019, by Law No. 13,874 enacted in September 2019, and by Law No. 14,030 enacted in July 2020;

· “Brazilian GAAP” are accounting practices adopted in Brazil that comprise the Brazilian Corporate Law and the Pronouncements, Guidelines and Interpretations issued by the Accounting Pronouncements Committee (“CPC”) and approved by the Federal Accounting Council (“CFC”) and the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission (“CVM”);

· “Brazilian government” are to the federal government of the Federative Republic of Brazil;

· “CADE” are to Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica, the Brazilian Antitrust Authority;

· “Canamex” are to the chemical business formerly owned by the Berci Group, a company that was acquired by Oxiteno in 2003, currently Oxiteno Mexico;

· “CBL” are to Chevron Brasil Ltda. (currently IPP), a former subsidiary of Chevron that, together with Galena, held Texaco;

· “CBLSA” are to Chevron Brasil Lubrificantes S.A., now called Iconic;

· “CBPI” are to Companhia Brasileira de Petróleo Ipiranga, a company that was merged into IPP in November 2009;

· “Central Bank” are to the Banco Central do Brasil, the Brazilian central bank;

· “Chevron” are to Chevron Latin America Marketing LLC and Chevron Amazonas LLC;

· “Cia. Ultragaz” are to Companhia Ultragaz S.A.;

· “Code” are to the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended;

· “Commodity Exception” are to gains derived from “qualified active sales” of commodities and “qualified hedging transactions” involving commodities, within the meaning of the applicable U.S. Treasury regulations;

· “CONAMA” are to Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente – the National Council of the Environment;

· “ConectCar” are to ConectCar Soluções de Mobilidade Eletrônica S.A., a joint-venture initially formed by Ipiranga and OTP (Odebrecht Transport S.A.), which started its operations in 2012. In 2016, Redecard S.A. acquired OTP’s interest in ConectCar;

· “Conversion” are to the conversion of all preferred shares issued by the company into common shares, at a ratio of 1 (one) preferred share for 1 (one) common share, as approved at the extraordinary general shareholders’ meeting and the special preferred shareholders’ meeting, both held on June 28, 2011;

· “CVM” are to Comissão de Valores Mobiliários, the Securities and Exchange Commission of Brazil;

· “Deposit Agreement” are to the Deposit Agreement between Ultrapar Participações S.A. and the Bank of New York Mellon, dated September 16, 1999, and all subsequent amendments thereto;

· “DI” are to the Brazilian money market interest rate (Certificados de Depósito Interbancário);

· “DNP” are to Distribuidora Nacional de Petróleo Ltda., a company that was acquired by Ipiranga in 2010 and was merged into IPP in 2011;

· “DPPI” are to Distribuidora de Produtos de Petróleo Ipiranga S.A., a company that was merged into CBPI in 2008;

· “EMCA” are to Empresa Carioca de Produtos Químicos S.A.;

· “Extrafarma” are to Imifarma Produtos Farmacêuticos e Cosméticos S.A.;

· “Extrafarma Transaction” are to the exchange of shares of Extrafarma for Ultrapar’s shares on January 31, 2014, as described in “Item 4.A. Information on the Company—History and Development of the Company—Extrafarma”;

· “FGTS” are to Fundo de Garantia do Tempo de Serviço, the Brazilian government severance indemnity fund;

· “Galena” are to Sociedade Anônima de Óleo Galena Signal, a former subsidiary of Chevron that, together with CBL, held Texaco;

· “IAS” are to International Accounting Standards;

· “IASB” are to International Accounting Standards Board;

· “Iconic” are to Iconic Lubrificantes S.A., formerly CBLSA, an association formed by Ipiranga and Chevron, which started its operations in 2017;

· “IFRS” are to International Financial Reporting Standards, as issued by IASB;

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· “IGP-M” are to General Index of Market Prices of Brazilian inflation (Índice Geral de Preços – Mercado), calculated by the Getulio Vargas Foundation;

· “IpiLubs” are to Ipiranga Lubrificantes S.A., a company that was merged into CBLSA in November 2018;

· “Ipiranga” are to Ultrapar’s subsidiaries that operate in the fuel distribution business and related activities;

· “Ipiranga Group” are to RPR, DPPI, CBPI, Ipiranga Química S.A. (“IQ”), Ipiranga Petroquímica S.A. (“IPQ”), Companhia Petroquímica do Sul S.A. (“Copesul”) and their respective subsidiaries prior to their sale to Ultrapar, Petrobras and Braskem;

· “Ipiranga Group SPA” are to the Share Purchase Agreement entered into and among Ultrapar, with the consent of Petrobras and Braskem, and the Key Shareholders on March 18, 2007;

· “Ipiranga Group Transaction Agreements” are to agreements related to the acquisition of Ipiranga Group by Ultrapar, Petrobras and Braskem. Each Ipiranga Group Transaction Agreement is incorporated by reference to Exhibits 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6 and 4.7 to Form 20-F of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on June 7, 2007;

· “IPP” are to Ipiranga Produtos de Petróleo S.A., formerly CBL;

· “IQVIA”, are to the merger of Quintiles and IMS Health, Inc.;

· “IRS” are to U.S. Internal Revenue Service;

· “Key Shareholders” are to Ipiranga Group’s former controlling shareholders prior to the closing of the Ipiranga Group SPA;

· “KMV” are to Km de Vantagens (Km of Advantages Program) loyalty program;

· “Latin America” are to countries in America other than the United States and Canada;

· “Liquigás” are to Liquigás Distribuidora S.A.;

· “LPG” are to liquefied petroleum gas;

· “LPG International” are to LPG International Inc.;

· “NAFTA” are to North American Free Trade Agreement, formed by the United States, Canada and Mexico. A revised version of NAFTA has been agreed to by all three countries for approval under a new name, the United States Mexico Canada Agreement, or USMCA, and is awaiting legislative approval before it comes into force;

· “Northern Distribution Business” are to former CBPI’s fuel and lubricant distribution businesses located in the North, Northeast and Midwest regions of Brazil;

· “Novo Mercado” are to Novo Mercado listing segment of B3;

· “NYSE” are to the New York Stock Exchange;

· “Oleoquímica” are to Oleoquímica Indústria e Comércio de Produtos Químicos Ltda.;

· “Oxiteno” are to Oxiteno S.A. – Indústria e Comércio, our wholly-owned subsidiary and its subsidiaries that produce ethylene oxide and its principal derivatives, fatty alcohols and other specialty chemicals;

· “Oxiteno Andina” are to the business of Oxiteno that was carried out in Venezuela until October 2019. In October 2019, Oxiteno Andina was sold to a buyer in Venezuela;

· “Oxiteno Mexico” are to the business of Oxiteno carried out in Mexico;

· “Oxiteno Nordeste” are to Oxiteno Nordeste S.A. Indústria e Comércio, which was merged into Oxiteno in December 2019;

· “Oxiteno Uruguay” are to the business of Oxiteno carried out in Uruguay;

· “Oxiteno USA” are to the business of Oxiteno carried out in the United States;

· “Parth” are to Parth do Brasil Participações Ltda., an investment company controlled by Mrs. Daisy Igel’s family and owner of 8% of Ultrapar’s capital stock;

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· “Pátria” are to Pátria Private Equity VI FIP Multiestratégia, an investment company, an indirect shareholder of Ultrapar;

· “Petrobras” are to Petrobras – Petróleo Brasileiro S.A.;

· “Petrochemical Business” are to IQ, IPQ and IPQ’s stake in Copesul;

· “PFIC” are to passive foreign investment company;

· “PIS and COFINS taxes” are to Programa de Integração Social (Integration Program Taxes) and Contribuição para o Financiamento da Securidade Social (Contribution for the Financing of Social Security Taxes), respectively;

· “Real”, “Reais” or “R$” are to Brazilian Reais, the official currency of Brazil;

· “Refap” are to the Alberto Pasqualini refinery;

· “Repsol” are to Repsol Gás Brasil S.A., a company that was acquired by Ultragaz in 2011 and was merged into Cia. Ultragaz in 2012;

· “RPR” are to Refinaria de Petróleo Riograndense S.A. (formerly Refinaria de Petróleo Ipiranga S.A.), a joint-venture owned by Petrobras, Braskem and Ultrapar;

· “SEC” are to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission;

· “Securities Act” are to the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended;

· “Selic” are to the Brazilian base interest rate;

· “Serma” are to Associação dos Usuários de Equipamentos de Processamento de Dados e Serviços Correlatos, our wholly owned company, responsible for providing IT services to Ultrapar and its subsidiaries;

· “Share Exchange” are to the exchanges of RPR’s, DPPI’s and CBPI’s preferred shares and any remaining common shares for Ultrapar’s preferred shares in connection with the acquisition of Ipiranga Group;

· “Sindicom” are to the Brazilian association of fuel distributors;

· “Sindigás” are to the Brazilian association of LPG distributors;

· “Southern Distribution Business” are to Ipiranga Group’s fuel and lubricant distribution businesses located in the South and Southeast regions of Brazil and their related activities;

· “STF” are to Supremo Tribunal Federal, the Brazilian Supreme Federal Court;

· “SUDENE” are to Superintendência do Desenvolvimento do Nordeste, the development agency of the Northeast of Brazil;

· “TEAS” are to TEAS – Terminal Exportador de Álcool de Santos Ltda., a company acquired by Ultracargo in March 2018;

· “Temmar” are to Terminal Marítimo do Maranhão S.A., a company that was acquired by Ultracargo in 2012 and was merged into Tequimar in 2013;

· “Tequimar” are to Terminal Químico de Aratu S.A., Ultracargo’s subsidiary that operates in the liquid bulk storage segment;

· “Texaco” are to the Texaco-branded fuel marketing business in Brazil, previously carried-out by CBL and Galena, companies that were acquired by Ipiranga in 2009;

· “Tropical” are to Tropical Transportes Ipiranga Ltda.;

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· “TRR” are to Retail Wholesale Resellers, specialized resellers in the fuel distribution;

· “Ultra S.A.” are to Ultra S.A. Participações, a holding company owned by members of the founding family and senior management of Ultrapar. Ultra S.A. is the largest shareholder of Ultrapar, holding 25% of its total capital stock;

· “Ultracargo” are to Ultracargo Operações Logísticas e Participações Ltda., our wholly owned subsidiary and its subsidiaries that provide storage, handling and logistics services for liquid bulk cargo;

· “Ultragaz” are to Ultrapar’s subsidiaries that operate in the distribution of LPG;

· “Ultrapar International” are to Ultrapar International S.A.;

· “União Terminais” are to União Terminais e Armazéns Gerais Ltda., a company that was merged into Tequimar in 2008;

· “União Vopak” are to União Vopak Armazéns Gerais Ltda., a joint-venture in which Ultracargo has a 50% stake;

· “Unipar” are to União das Indústrias Petroquímicas S.A.;

· “U.S. Holder” has the meaning given in “Item 10. Additional Information—E. Taxation—U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations”;

· “US$”, “dollar”, “dollars” or “U.S. dollars” are to the United States dollar; and

· “2018 Shareholders’ Agreement” has the meaning given in “Item 4.A. Information on the Company—History and Development of the Company—Corporate Events”, “Item 7.A. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Major Shareholders” and “Item 10.C. Additional Information—Material Contracts”.

· “2020 Shareholders’ Agreement” has the meaning given in “Item 4.A. Information on the Company—History and Development of the Company—Corporate Events”, “Item 7.A. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Major Shareholders” and “Item 10.C. Additional Information—Material Contracts”.

Unless otherwise specified, data related to (i) the Brazilian petrochemical industry included in this annual report were obtained from ABIQUIM, (ii) the LPG business were obtained from Sindigás and ANP, (iii) the fuel distribution business were obtained from Sindicom and ANP, (iv) the liquid bulk storage industry were obtained from ABTL, and (v) the retail pharmacy business were obtained from ABRAFARMA and IQVIA.

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PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Our audited consolidated financial statements included in Item 18 were prepared in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB and include our consolidated Statements of Financial Position, as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 and the related Statements of Profit or Loss, Statements of Comprehensive Income, Statements of Changes in Equity and Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, as well as notes thereto.

There are no IFRS standards, amendments or interpretations adopted by us, as issued by IASB, which became effective in 2020 and which had a material impact on the measurement and on the financial statements.

The following standards became effective on January 1, 2019:

(i) IFRS 16—Leases: IFRS 16 establishes principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases and requires lessees to account for all leases under a single on-balance sheet model similar to the accounting for finance leases under IAS 17. IFRS 16—Leases replaced the previous lease accounting requirements and introduced significant changes in the accounting, removing the distinction between operating and finance leases under IAS 17—Leases and related interpretations, and requires a lessee to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at lease commencement date. The impact to the consolidated financial statements is demonstrated in the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities in the balance sheet.

Accordingly, leases entered into by the Company and its subsidiaries, identified and effective at the date of transition and with maturities of more than 12 months, were accounted in the consolidated financial statements as follows:

· recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities in financial position, initially measured at the present value of future lease payments; and

· recognition of amortization expenses of right-of-use assets and interest expenses on the lease payable in the financial result in the statements of profits or loss.

The Company selected as transition method the modified retrospective approach, with the cumulative effect of initial application of this new pronouncement recorded as an adjustment to the opening balance of equity and without restatement of comparative periods.

(ii) IFRIC 23—Uncertainty Over Income Tax Treatments: IFRIC 23 clarifies how to apply the recognition and measurement requirements in IAS 12 – when there is uncertainty over income tax treatments. In such circumstance, an entity shall recognize and measure its current or deferred tax asset or liability applying the requirements in IAS 12 based on taxable profit (tax loss), tax bases, unused tax losses, unused tax credits and tax rates, applying this interpretation.

The adoption of IFRIC 23 by the Company did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements, since all the procedures adopted for the determination and collection of income taxes by the Company and its subsidiaries are supported by the legislation and precedents from administrative and judicial courts.

The following standards became effective on January 1, 2018:

(i) IFRS 9—Financial instrument classification and measurement that includes new requirements for the classification and measurement of financial assets and liabilities, derecognition requirements, new impairment methodology for financial instruments, and new hedge accounting guidance.

(ii) IFRS 15—Revenue from contracts with customers, which establishes the principles of nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flow arising from a contract with a customer.

The financial information presented in this annual report should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements.

Segment information for our businesses is presented on an unconsolidated basis. See note 32 to our consolidated financial statements for further information on segment information. Consequently, intercompany transactions have not been eliminated in segment information, and such information may differ from consolidated financial information provided elsewhere in this annual report. See “Item 7.B. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions” for more information on intercompany transactions.

Certain figures included in this annual report have been subject to rounding adjustments. Accordingly, figures shown as totals in certain tables and charts may not be an arithmetic aggregation of the figures that precede them.

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On April 28, 2021, the exchange rate for Reais into U.S. dollars was 5.400 to US$1.00, based on the commercial selling rate as reported by the Central Bank. The commercial selling rate was R$5.197 to US$1.00 on December 31, 2020, R$4.031 to US$1.00 on December 31, 2019, and R$3.875 to US$1.00 on December 31, 2018. The Real/dollar exchange rate fluctuates widely, and the current commercial selling rate may not be indicative of future exchange rates. See “Item 3.A. Key Information—Selected Consolidated Financial Data—Exchange Rates” for information regarding exchange rates for the Brazilian currency. Solely for the convenience of the reader, we have translated some amounts included in “Item 3.A. Key Information—Selected Consolidated Financial Data” and elsewhere in this annual report from Reais into U.S. dollars using the commercial selling rate as reported by the Central Bank on December 31, 2020 of R$5.197 to US$1.00. These translations should not be considered representations that any such amounts have been, could have been or could be converted into U.S. dollars at that or at any other exchange rate. Such translations should not be construed as representations that the Real amounts represent or have been or could be converted into U.S. dollars as of that or any other date.

Market share and economic information

All market share information, unless otherwise specified, related to (i) the LPG business was obtained from ANP, (ii) the fuel distribution business was obtained from Sindicom and ANP, (iii) the liquid bulk storage industry was obtained from ABTL and (iv) the retail pharmacy business was obtained from ABRAFARMA and IQVIA. Unless otherwise specified, all macroeconomic data are obtained from the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística—IBGE, Fundação Getulio Vargas—FGV and the Central Bank. Although we do not have any reason to believe any of this information is inaccurate in any material respect, we have not independently verified any such information.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This annual report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act subject to risks and uncertainties, including our estimates, plans, forecasts and expectations regarding future events, strategies and projections. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they were made, and we undertake no obligation to update publicly or revise any forward-looking statements after we distribute this annual report because of new information, future events and other factors. Words such as “believe”, “expect”, “may”, “will”, “plan”, “strategy”, “prospect”, “foresee”, “estimate”, “project”, “anticipate”, “can”, “intend” and similar words are intended to identify forward-looking statements. We have made forward-looking statements with respect to, among other things, our:

· strategy for marketing and operational expansion;

· capital expenditures forecasts; and

· development of additional sources of revenue.

The risks and uncertainties described above include, but are not limited to:

· general business, economic and political conditions, including the price of crude oil and other commodities, refining margins and prevailing foreign exchange rates and the effect of such conditions on the economies of Brazil and other Latin American countries;

· risks beyond our control, including geopolitical crises, natural disasters, epidemics or pandemics (such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus, or COVID-19, its developments and the vaccination roll-out in the markets we have business, suppliers or customers), cyber-attacks, acts of terrorism or other catastrophic events, including the economic, financial and business impacts of such events;

· competition;

· ability to produce and deliver products on a timely basis;

· ability to anticipate trends in the LPG, fuels, chemicals, logistics and retail pharmacy industries, including changes in capacity and industry price movements;

· changes in official regulations;

· receipt of official authorizations and licenses;

· political, economic and social events in Brazil and the other countries in which we have operations;

· access to sources of financing and our level of indebtedness;

· ability to integrate acquisitions;

· regulatory issues relating to acquisitions;

· instability and volatility in the financial markets;

· availability of tax benefits; and

· other factors contained in this annual report under “Item 3.D. Key Information—Risk Factors”.

Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties and are not a guarantee of future results. Considering the risks and uncertainties described above, the forward-looking events and circumstances discussed in this annual report might not occur and our future results may differ materially from those expressed in or suggested by these forward-looking statements.

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PART I

ITEM 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISORS

Not applicable.

ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

Not applicable.

ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION

A. Selected Consolidated Financial Data

We have selected the following consolidated financial data from our audited consolidated financial statements, for the years indicated. You should read our selected consolidated financial data in conjunction with “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” and our audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this annual report. Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in Reais and in accordance with IFRS. The consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 and the consolidated Statements of Profit or Loss and Statements of Cash Flows as of and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included in this annual report. See “Presentation of Financial Information” and “Item 5.A. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects — Operating Results — Critical accounting policies and estimates”. The following table presents our selected financial information in accordance with IFRS at the dates and for each of the periods indicated.

|  | Years Ended December 31, |
|  | 2020(1) |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |
|  | (in millions, except per share data) |
Statements of Profit or Loss data: |  | US$ |  |  | R$ |  |  | R$ |  |  | R$ |  |  | R$ |  |  | R$ |
Net revenue from sales and services |  | 15,633.2 |  |  | 81,241.1 |  |  | 89,298.0 |  |  | 90,698.0 |  |  | 79,230.0 |  |  | 76,740.0 |
Cost of products and services sold |  | (14,553.1 | ) |  | (75,628.2 | ) |  | (83,187.1 | ) |  | (84,537.4 | ) |  | (72,431.5 | ) |  | (70,196.9 | )
Gross profit |  | 1,080.1 |  |  | 5,612.9 |  |  | 6,110.9 |  |  | 6,160.6 |  |  | 6,798.5 |  |  | 6,543.1 |
Operating income (expenses) |  |  |
Selling and marketing |  | (493.0 | ) |  | (2,561.8 | ) |  | (2,640.4 | ) |  | (2,670.9 | ) |  | (2,486.4 | ) |  | (2,220.2 | )
General and administrative |  | (295.7 | ) |  | (1,536.6 | ) |  | (1,726.3 | ) |  | (1,625.8 | ) |  | (1,576.5 | ) |  | (1,445.9 | )
Gain (loss) on disposal of property, plant and equipment and intangibles |  | 14.7 |  |  | 76.1 |  |  | (30.0 | ) |  | (22.1 | ) |  | (2.2 | ) |  | (6.1 | )
Other operating income, net |  | 42.6 |  |  | 221.4 |  |  | 179.6 |  |  | 57.5 |  |  | 59.4 |  |  | 199.0 |
Impairment of assets. |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (593.3 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Financial result, net |  | (51.8 | ) |  | (269.4 | ) |  | (506.9 | ) |  | (113.5 | ) |  | (474.3 | ) |  | (842.6 | )
Share of profit (loss) of joint-ventures and associates. |  | (8.4 | ) |  | (43.6 | ) |  | (12.1 | ) |  | (14.8 | ) |  | 20.7 |  |  | 7.5 |
Income before income and social contribution taxes |  | 288.5 |  |  | 1,499.1 |  |  | 781.6 |  |  | 1,771.0 |  |  | 2,339.1 |  |  | 2,234.8 |
Income and social contribution taxes |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current |  | (126.9 | ) |  | (659.3 | ) |  | (476.1 | ) |  | (476.3 | ) |  | (922.5 | ) |  | (800.5 | )
Deferred |  | 16.9 |  |  | 87.9 |  |  | 97.5 |  |  | (162.4 | ) |  | 109.2 |  |  | 112.5 |
|  | (109.9 | ) |  | (571.4 | ) |  | (378.6 | ) |  | (638.7 | ) |  | (813.3 | ) |  | (688.0 | )
Net income for the year |  | 178.5 |  |  | 927.7 |  |  | 402.9 |  |  | 1,132.3 |  |  | 1,525.9 |  |  | 1,546.8 |
Net income for the year attributable to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Shareholders of the Company |  | 171.9 |  |  | 893.4 |  |  | 373.5 |  |  | 1,150.4 |  |  | 1,526.5 |  |  | 1,537.8 |
Non-controlling interests in subsidiaries |  | 6.6 |  |  | 34.3 |  |  | 29.4 |  |  | (18.1 | ) |  | (0.6 | ) |  | 9.0 |
Earnings per share(2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | 0.16 |  |  | 0.82 |  |  | 0.34 |  |  | 1.06 |  |  | 1.41 |  |  | 1.42 |
Diluted |  | 0.16 |  |  | 0.82 |  |  | 0.34 |  |  | 1.05 |  |  | 1.40 |  |  | 1.41 |
Dividends per share(3) |  | 0.08 |  |  | 0.44 |  |  | 0.44 |  |  | 0.63 |  |  | 0.88 |  |  | 0.84 |

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(1) |  | The figures in Reais for December 31, 2020 have been converted into U.S. dollars using the exchange rate of US$1.00 = R$5.1967, which is the commercial rate reported by the Central Bank on that date. This information is presented solely for the convenience of the reader. You should not interpret the currency conversions in this annual report as a statement that the amounts in Reais currently represent such values in U.S. dollars. Additionally, you should not interpret such conversions as statements that the amounts in Reais have been, could have been or could be converted into U.S. dollars at this or any other foreign exchange rates. See “Item 3.A. Key Information—Selected Consolidated Financial Data—Exchange Rates”.
(2) |  | Earnings per share are calculated based on the net income attributable to Ultrapar’s shareholders and the weighted average shares outstanding during each of the years presented. For each of the years presented, the earnings per share was adjusted retrospectively due to the approval of the stock split on April 10, 2019 and the implementation of the stock split on April 24, 2019. The number of shares used in the earnings per share calculation has not been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the issuance of 2,108,542, 86,978 and 70,939 new common shares that occurred in February 2020, August 2020 and February 2021, respectively, as a result of the partial exercise of the subscription warrants issued to the former Extrafarma shareholders. See “Item 4.A. Information on the Company—History and Development of the Company—Corporate Events” and note 31 to our consolidated financial statements for further information on earnings per share.
(3) |  | For each of the years presented, dividends per share take into account the stock split approved on April 10, 2019 and implemented on April 24, 2019. The number of shares used in the dividends per share calculation has not been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the issuance of 2,108,542, 86,978 and 70,939 new common shares that occurred in February 2020, August 2020 and February 2021, respectively, as a result of the partial exercise of the subscription warrants issued to the former Extrafarma shareholders.

The following table presents other financial data information at the dates and for each of the periods indicated.

|  | Years Ended December 31, |
|  | 2020(1) |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |
|  | (in millions, except share data) |
Other financial data |  | US$ |  |  | R$ |  |  | R$ |  |  | R$ |  |  | R$ |  |  | R$ |
Net cash provided by operating activities |  | 603.9 |  |  | 3,138.1 |  |  | 2,924.9 |  |  | 2,889.0 |  |  | 1,739.0 |  |  | 1,988.9 |
Net cash used in investing activities |  | (411.1 | ) |  | (2,136.4 | ) |  | (1,835.3 | ) |  | (3,177.6 | ) |  | (1,371.8 | ) |  | (1,324.0 | )
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |  | (114.0 | ) |  | (592.3 | ) |  | (2,922.2 | ) |  | (801.0 | ) |  | 340.3 |  |  | 928.4 |
Depreciation and amortization(2) |  | 180.7 |  |  | 938.8 |  |  | 844.6 |  |  | 812.5 |  |  | 704.5 |  |  | 628.2 |
Amortization of contractual assets with customers – exclusive rights (Ipiranga and Ultragaz)(3) |  | 55.7 |  |  | 289.4 |  |  | 355.2 |  |  | 371.8 |  |  | 463.0 |  |  | 463.5 |
Amortization of right-of-use assets(4) |  | 63.2 |  |  | 328.3 |  |  | 300.1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Net income |  | 178.5 |  |  | 927.7 |  |  | 402.9 |  |  | 1,132.3 |  |  | 1,525.9 |  |  | 1,546.8 |
Adjusted EBITDA(5) |  | 669.4 |  |  | 3,478.5 |  |  | 2,800.3 |  |  | 3,068.9 |  |  | 3,981.0 |  |  | 4,169.0 |
Gross debt(6) |  | (3,343.7 | ) |  | (17,376.2 | ) |  | (14,392.7 | ) |  | (15,206.1 | ) |  | (13,590.6 | ) |  | (11,417.1 | )
Net debt(6) |  | (1,674.9 | ) |  | (8,704.1 | ) |  | (8,680.6 | ) |  | (8,211.7 | ) |  | (7,220.7 | ) |  | (5,715.3 | )
Number of common shares (in thousands)(7) |  | 1,115,005.7 |  |  | 1,115,005.7 |  |  | 1,112,810.2 |  |  | 1,112,810.2 |  |  | 1,112,810.2 |  |  | 1,112,810.2 |

(1) The figures in Reais for December 31, 2020 have been converted into U.S. dollars using the exchange rate of US$1.00 = R$5.1967, which is the commercial rate reported by the Central Bank on that date. This information is presented solely for the convenience of the reader. You should not interpret the currency conversions in this annual report as a statement that the amounts in Reais currently represent such values in U.S. dollars. Additionally, you should not interpret such conversions as statements that the amounts in Reais have been, could have been or could be converted into U.S. dollars at this or any other foreign exchange rates. See “Item 3.A. Key Information—Selected Consolidated Financial Data—Exchange Rates”.

(2) Represents depreciation and amortization expenses included in cost of products and services sold and in selling, marketing, general and administrative expenses.

(3) Represents amortization of contractual assets with customers – exclusive rights (Ipiranga and Ultragaz) recorded as a reduction of revenue in accordance with IFRS 15. See “Presentation of Financial Information. See notes 2.a, 2.f and 11 to our consolidated financial statements for further information.

(4) Represents amortization of right-of-use assets included in selling, marketing, general and administrative expenses. See “Presentation of Financial Information”. See notes 2.h and 13 to our consolidated financial statements for further information.

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(5) The purpose of including Adjusted EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization adjusted for cash flow hedge from bonds and amortization of contractual assets with customers—exclusive rights) information is to provide a measure used by management for internal assessment of our operating results, and because part of our employee profit sharing plan is linked directly or indirectly to Adjusted EBITDA performance. It is also a financial indicator widely used by investors and analysts to measure our ability to generate cash from operations and our operating performance. We also calculate Adjusted EBITDA in connection with covenants related to some of our financing, as described in note 16 to our consolidated financial statements. We believe Adjusted EBITDA allows a better understanding not only of our financial performance but also of our capacity of meeting the payment of interest and principal from our debt and of obtaining resources for our investments and working capital. Our definition of Adjusted EBITDA may differ from, and, therefore, may not be comparable with similarly titled measures used by other companies, thereby limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure. Because Adjusted EBITDA excludes net financial expense (income), income and social contribution taxes, depreciation and amortization and also excludes cash flow hedge from bonds and amortization of contractual assets with customers—exclusive rights, it provides an indicator of general economic performance that is not affected by debt restructurings, fluctuations in interest rates or changes in income and social contribution taxes, depreciation and amortization. Adjusted EBITDA is not measure of financial performance under IFRS and should not be considered in isolation, or as substitute for net income, as measure of operating performance, as substitute for cash flows from operations or as measure of liquidity. Adjusted EBITDA has material limitations that impair its value as a measure of a company’s overall profitability since it does not address certain ongoing costs of our businesses that could significantly affect profitability such as financial expense (income), income and social contribution taxes, depreciation and amortization and also excludes cash flow hedge from bonds and amortization of contractual assets with customers—exclusive rights.

(6) Gross debt and net debt are included in this annual report in order to provide the reader with information relating to our overall indebtedness and financial position. Net debt is not a measure of financial performance or liquidity under IFRS. In managing our businesses, we rely on net debt as a means of assessing our financial condition. We believe that this type of measurement is useful for comparing our financial condition from period to period and making related management decisions. Net debt is also used in connection with covenants related to some of our financings.

(7) The number of shares corresponds to all of shares issued by the Company, including those held in treasury. These numbers have been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the stock split that was approved on April 10, 2019 and implemented on April 24, 2019, but have not been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the issuance of 2,108,542, 86,978 and 70,939 new common shares that occurred in February 2020, August 2020 and February 2021, respectively, as a result of the partial exercise of the subscription warrants issued to the former Extrafarma shareholders.

The tables below provide a reconciliation of net income and operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit (loss) of joint-ventures and associates to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for Ultrapar and a reconciliation of operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit (loss) of joint-ventures and associates to Adjusted EBITDA for Ipiranga, Oxiteno and Ultragaz segments and to EBITDA for Ultracargo, Extrafarma and abastece aí segments for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017 and 2016.

| Ultrapar |
| Reconciliation of net income to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA |
| Years ended December 31, |
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016 |
| (in millions of Reais) |
Net income | 927.7 |  | 402.9 |  | 1,132.3 |  | 1,525.9 |  | 1,546.8 |
Net financial expenses | 269.4 |  | 506.9 |  | 113.5 |  | 474.3 |  | 842.6 |
Income and social contribution taxes | 571.4 |  | 378.6 |  | 638.7 |  | 813.3 |  | 688.0 |
Depreciation and amortization | 938.8 |  | 844.6 |  | 812.5 |  | 704.5 |  | 628.2 |
Amortization of right-of-use assets | 328.3 |  | 300.1 |  | — |  | — |  | — |
EBITDA(1) | 3,035.6 |  | 2,433.1 |  | 2,697.1 |  | 3,518.0 |  | 3,705.5 |
Adjustments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash flow hedge from bonds (Oxiteno)(2) | 153.5 |  | 11.9 |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Amortization of contractual assets with customers—exclusive rights (Ipiranga and Ultragaz) | 289.4 |  | 355.2 |  | 371.8 |  | 463.0 |  | 463.5 |
Adjusted EBITDA(1) | 3,478.5 |  | 2,800.3 |  | 3,068.9 |  | 3,981.0 |  | 4,169.0 |

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| Ultrapar |
| Reconciliation of operating income to Adjusted EBITDA |
| Years ended December 31, |
| 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  | 2016 |
| (in millions of Reais) |
Operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit (loss) of joint-ventures and associates | 1,812.1 |  |  | 1,300.6 |  |  | 1,899.4 |  |  | 2,792.7 |  | 3,069.9 |
Depreciation and amortization | 938.8 |  |  | 844.6 |  |  | 812.5 |  |  | 704.5 |  | 628.2 |
Amortization of right-of-use assets | 328.3 |  |  | 300.1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  | — |
Share of profit (loss) of joint-ventures and associates | (43.6 | ) |  | (12.1 | ) |  | (14.8 | ) |  | 20.7 |  | 7.5 |
EBITDA(1) | 3.035.6 |  |  | 2,433.1 |  |  | 2,697.1 |  |  | 3,518.0 |  | 3,705.5 |
Adjustments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash flow hedge from bonds (Oxiteno)(2) | 153.5 |  |  | 11.9 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  | — |
Amortization of contractual assets with customers—exclusive rights (Ipiranga and Ultragaz) | 289.4 |  |  | 355.2 |  |  | 371.8 |  |  | 463.0 |  | 463.5 |
Adjusted EBITDA(1) | 3,478.5 |  |  | 2,800.3 |  |  | 3,068.9 |  |  | 3,981.0 |  | 4,169.0 |

| Ultragaz |
| Reconciliation of operating income to Adjusted EBITDA |
| Years ended December 31, |
| 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |  | 2017(3) |  | 2016(3) |
| (in millions of Reais) |
Operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit (loss) of associates | 494.2 |  |  | 369.0 |  |  | 52.6 |  | 255.9 |  | 267.3 |
Depreciation and amortization | 192.2 |  |  | 186.2 |  |  | 222.5 |  | 182.8 |  | 158.2 |
Amortization of right-of-use assets | 41.0 |  |  | 31.3 |  |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Share of profit (loss) of associates | (0.1 | ) |  | (0.0 | ) |  | 0.0 |  | 1.2 |  | (0.0 | )
EBITDA(1) | 727.4 |  |  | 586.5 |  |  | 275.1 |  | 440.0 |  | 425.4 |
Adjustments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of contractual assets with customers – exclusive rights | 1.6 |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Adjusted EBITDA(1) | 729.1 |  |  | 586.7 |  |  | 275.1 |  | 440.0 |  | 425.4 |

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| Ultracargo |
| Reconciliation of operating income to EBITDA |
| Years ended December 31, |
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017(3) |  | 2016(3) |
| (in millions of Reais) |
Operating income (expenses) before financial income (expenses) and share of profit (loss) of joint-ventures and associates | 251.8 |  | 83.2 |  | 129.5 |  | 75.0 |  | 127.7 |
Depreciation and amortization | 65.8 |  | 59.6 |  | 52.4 |  | 47.7 |  | 43.4 |
Amortization of right-of-use assets | 19.5 |  | 20.7 |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Share of profit (loss) of joint-ventures and associates | 0.4 |  | 1.4 |  | 1.3 |  | 1.6 |  | (0.0 | )
EBITDA(1) | 337.5 |  | 164.8 |  | 183.3 |  | 124.3 |  | 171.1 |

| Oxiteno |
| Reconciliation of operating income to Adjusted EBITDA |
| Years ended December 31, |
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |  | 2017(3) |  | 2016(3) |
| (in millions of Reais) |
Operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit (loss) of associates | 355.9 |  | (12.8 | ) |  | 471.9 |  | 141.4 |  | 311.5 |
Depreciation and amortization | 260.8 |  | 212.3 |  |  | 167.4 |  | 153.1 |  | 149.7 |
Amortization of right-of-use assets | 14.3 |  | 9.7 |  |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Share of profit (loss) of associates | 0.4 |  | 0.5 |  |  | 0.9 |  | 1.4 |  | 1.0 |
EBITDA(1) | 631.3 |  | 209.7 |  |  | 640.2 |  | 295.9 |  | 462.2 |
Adjustments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash flow hedge from bonds(2) | 153.5 |  | 11.9 |  |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Adjusted EBITDA(1) | 784.8 |  | 221.6 |  |  | 640.2 |  | 295.9 |  | 462.2 |

| Ipiranga |
| Reconciliation of operating income to Adjusted EBITDA |
| Years ended December 31, |
| 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017(3) |  | 2016(3) |
| (in millions of Reais) |
Operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit (loss) of associates | 915.4 |  |  | 1,674.4 |  | 1,461.5 |  | 2,357.1 |  | 2,364.0 |
Depreciation and amortization | 314.5 |  |  | 290.7 |  | 283.4 |  | 245.4 |  | 220.3 |
Amortization of right-of-use assets | 177.0 |  |  | 164.5 |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Share of profit (loss) of associates | (0.9 | ) |  | 1.8 |  | 0.6 |  | 1.2 |  | 1.2 |
EBITDA(1) | 1,406.1 |  |  | 2,131.5 |  | 1,745.5 |  | 2,603.8 |  | 2,585.5 |
Adjustment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of contractual assets with customers – exclusive rights | 287.8 |  |  | 355.1 |  | 371.8 |  | 463.0 |  | 463.5 |
Adjusted EBITDA(1) | 1,693.9 |  |  | 2,486.6 |  | 2,117.3 |  | 3,066.8 |  | 3,049.0 |

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| Extrafarma |
| Reconciliation of operating income to EBITDA |
| Years ended December 31, |
| 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017(3) |  |  | 2016(3) |
| (in millions of Reais) |
Operating income (expenses) before financial income (expenses) | (69.7 | ) |  | (720.3 | ) |  | (113.8 | ) |  | (37.7 | ) |  | (3.8 | )
Depreciation and amortization | 82.5 |  |  | 80.6 |  |  | 71.6 |  |  | 60.8 |  |  | 42.7 |
Amortization of right-of-use assets | 71.4 |  |  | 73.8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
EBITDA(1) | 84.2 |  |  | (565.9 | ) |  | (42.2 | ) |  | 23.1 |  |  | 38.8 |

| abastece aí |
| Reconciliation of operating income to EBITDA |
| Years ended December 31, |
| 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016 |
| (in millions of Reais) |
Operating income (expenses) before financial income (expenses) | (29.0 | ) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Depreciation and amortization | 4.1 |  |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Amortization of right-of-use assets | — |  |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
EBITDA(1) | (24.9 | ) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |

(1) See footnote 5 under “Item 3.A. Key Information—Selected Consolidated Financial Data” for a more complete discussion of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA and its reconciliation to information in our consolidated financial statements.

(2) Cash flow hedge from bonds adjustment relates to the hedge accounting designation in 2016, whose object of protection was firm commitments and highly probable future export sales generated by Oxiteno and its subsidiaries. When a future sale of exported products occurs, it is recorded in the income statement at the exchange rate of the initial designation of the hedge (R$/US$3.2270).

(3) The results of 2016 and 2017 have not been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the segregation of the Holding expenses. For more information, see “Item 5.A. Operating and Financial Review and prospects – Operating results – Summary of the changes due to the segregation of the Holding expenses”.

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The reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to cash flows from operating activities for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017 and 2016 is presented in the table below:

| 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |
| (in millions of Reais) |
Net income for the year | 927.7 |  |  | 402.9 |  |  | 1,132.3 |  |  | 1,525.9 |  |  | 1,546.8 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to Adjusted EBITDA: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 938.8 |  |  | 844.6 |  |  | 812.5 |  |  | 704.5 |  |  | 628.2 |
Amortization of right-of-use assets | 328.3 |  |  | 300.1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Amortization of contractual assets with customers—exclusive rights | 289.4 |  |  | 355.2 |  |  | 371.8 |  |  | 463.0 |  |  | 463.5 |
Financial result, net | 269.4 |  |  | 506.9 |  |  | 113.5 |  |  | 474.3 |  |  | 842.6 |
Cash flow hedge from bonds (Oxiteno) | 153.5 |  |  | 11.9 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Income and social contribution taxes | 571.4 |  |  | 378.6 |  |  | 638.7 |  |  | 813.3 |  |  | 688.0 |
Adjusted EBITDA(1) | 3,478.5 |  |  | 2,800.3 |  |  | 3,068.9 |  |  | 3,981.0 |  |  | 4,169.0 |
Adjustments to reconcile Adjusted EBITDA to cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial result that affected the cash flow from operating activities | 482.1 |  |  | 729.9 |  |  | 913.0 |  |  | 380.4 |  |  | (78.8 | )
Current income and social contribution taxes | (659.3 | ) |  | (476.1 | ) |  | (476.3 | ) |  | (922.5 | ) |  | (800.5 | )
PIS and COFINS credits on depreciation | 15.7 |  |  | 14.9 |  |  | 15.7 |  |  | 13.1 |  |  | 12.6 |
Assets retirement obligation | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Impairment of assets | — |  |  | 593.3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Provision of decarbonization - CBIO | 124.3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Provision for tax, civil and labor risks | 18.8 |  |  | 6.6 |  |  | 48.8 |  |  | (40,5 | ) |  | 108,5 |
Others | (31.6 | ) |  | 92.1 |  |  | 109.3 |  |  | 129.0 |  |  | 85.9 |
(Increase) decrease in current assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Trade receivables and reseller financing | 209.5 |  |  | 361.6 |  |  | (355.9 | ) |  | (725.2 | ) |  | (372.9 | )
Inventories | (125.0 | ) |  | (357.6 | ) |  | 168.7 |  |  | (606.5 | ) |  | (267.5 | )
Recoverable taxes | 36.7 |  |  | (550.8 | ) |  | (11.5 | ) |  | (334.2 | ) |  | 87.0 |
Dividends received from subsidiaries and joint-ventures | 4.8 |  |  | 4.1 |  |  | 42.4 |  |  | 29.4 |  |  | 7.9 |
Insurance and other receivables | (20.2 | ) |  | 21.7 |  |  | (14.5 | ) |  | 358.7 |  |  | (309.7 | )
Prepaid expenses | (74.6 | ) |  | (15.5 | ) |  | (37.5 | ) |  | (23.0 | ) |  | (40.0 | )
Increase (decrease) in current liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Trade payables | 1,147.5 |  |  | (31.6 | ) |  | 576.2 |  |  | 412.4 |  |  | 249.1 |
Salaries and related charges | 63.0 |  |  | (22.6 | ) |  | 40.1 |  |  | 7.1 |  |  | (41.6 | )
Taxes payable | 16.1 |  |  | 1.9 |  |  | 46.5 |  |  | 33.1 |  |  | 4.0 |
Income and social contribution taxes | 347.2 |  |  | 250.5 |  |  | 166.5 |  |  | 783.7 |  |  | 567.3 |
Post-employment benefits | (1.9 | ) |  | (16.7 | ) |  | 15.6 |  |  | 5.1 |  |  | 11.2 |
Insurance and other payables | 0.3 |  |  | 66.8 |  |  | (59.2 | ) |  | (49.4 | ) |  | 54.0 |
Deferred revenue | (9.3 | ) |  | 1.1 |  |  | 8.2 |  |  | (3.9 | ) |  | (2.1 | )
(Increase) decrease in non-current assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Trade receivables and reseller financing | (73.0 | ) |  | 11.4 |  |  | (99.6 | ) |  | (102.9 | ) |  | (74.8 | )
Recoverable taxes | (863.7 | ) |  | (19.5 | ) |  | (539.5 | ) |  | (130.2 | ) |  | (47.2 | )
Escrow deposits | (28.4 | ) |  | (39.9 | ) |  | (58.8 | ) |  | (39.8 | ) |  | (37.9 | )
Other receivables | (27.8 | ) |  | (0.8 | ) |  | 6.4 |  |  | (4.4 | ) |  | 13.8 |
Prepaid expenses | 15.0 |  |  | (4.4 | ) |  | (58.7 | ) |  | (116.7 | ) |  | (65.8 | )
Increase (decrease) in non-current liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Post-employment benefits | 12.1 |  |  | (15.4 | ) |  | (8.5 | ) |  | (0.8 | ) |  | (7.7 | )
Provision for tax, civil and labor risks | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other payables | (49.3 | ) |  | 27.7 |  |  | (4.4 | ) |  | 88.0 |  |  | (19.3 | )
Deferred revenue | — |  |  | (11.9 | ) |  | (1.0 | ) |  | 0.4 |  |  | 1.5 |
CBIO acquisition | (125.3 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Payments of contractual assets with customers—exclusive rights | (356.0 | ) |  | (330.1 | ) |  | (390.2 | ) |  | (529.7 | ) |  | (514.3 | )
Payments of provision for tax, civil and labor risks | (45.4 | ) |  | (25.1 | ) |  | (23.7 | ) |  | (15,9 | ) |  | (58,7 | )
Income and social contribution taxes paid | (342.7 | ) |  | (141.2 | ) |  | (197.9 | ) |  | (836.8 | ) |  | (644.2 | )
Net cash provided by operating activities | 3,138.1 |  |  | 2,924.9 |  |  | 2,889.0 |  |  | 1,739.0 |  |  | 1,988.9 |

(1) See footnote 5 under “Item 3.A. Key Information—Selected Consolidated Financial Data” for a more complete discussion of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA and its reconciliation to information in our consolidated financial statements.

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The table below provides a reconciliation of our consolidated statement of financial position data to the net debt positions shown in the table:

| Ultrapar |
| As of December 31, |
| 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |
| (in millions of Reais) |
Current loans and hedging instruments | (2,306.0 | ) |  | (867.9 | ) |  | (2,010.3 | ) |  | (1,822.5 | ) |  | (1,824.0 | )
Current debentures | (949.9 | ) |  | (249.6 | ) |  | (263.7 | ) |  | (1,681.2 | ) |  | (651.6 | )
Non-current loans and hedging instruments | (8,526.1 | ) |  | (6,907.1 | ) |  | (6,530.6 | ) |  | (6,159.4 | ) |  | (6,846.2 | )
Non-current debentures | (5,594.2 | ) |  | (6,368.2 | ) |  | (6,401.5 | ) |  | (3,927.6 | ) |  | (2,095.3 | )
Gross debt position | (17,376.2 | ) |  | (14,392.7 | ) |  | (15,206.1 | ) |  | (13,590.6 | ) |  | (11,417.1 | )
Cash and cash equivalents | 2,661.5 |  |  | 2,115.4 |  |  | 3,939.0 |  |  | 5,002.0 |  |  | 4,274.2 |
Current financial investments | 5,033.3 |  |  | 3,090.2 |  |  | 2,853.1 |  |  | 1,283.5 |  |  | 1,412.6 |
Non-current financial investments | 977.4 |  |  | 506.5 |  |  | 202.3 |  |  | 84.4 |  |  | 15.1 |
Net debt (excluding leases payable) | (8,704.1 | ) |  | (8,680.6 | ) |  | (8,211.7 | ) |  | (7,220.7 | ) |  | (5,715.3 | )
Leases payable | (1,833.3 | ) |  | (1,588.7 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Net debt | (10,537.3 | ) |  | (10,269.3 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |

The following tables present our consolidated statements of financial position in accordance with IFRS as of the dates indicated.

|  | As of December 31, |
|  | 2020(1) |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016 |
|  | (in millions) |
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position Data: |  | US$ |  | R$ |  | R$ |  | R$ |  | R$ |  | R$ |
Current assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | 512.2 |  | 2,661.5 |  | 2,115.4 |  | 3,939.0 |  | 5,002.0 |  | 4,274.2 |
Financial investments and hedging instruments |  | 968.5 |  | 5,033.3 |  | 3,090.2 |  | 2,853.1 |  | 1,283.5 |  | 1,412.6 |
Trade receivables |  | 638.7 |  | 3,318.9 |  | 3,635.8 |  | 4,069.3 |  | 3,861.3 |  | 3,177.1 |
Reseller financing |  | 105.7 |  | 549.1 |  | 436.2 |  | 367.3 |  | 286.6 |  | 211.1 |
Inventories |  | 740.1 |  | 3,846.2 |  | 3,715.6 |  | 3,354.5 |  | 3,513.7 |  | 2,781.4 |
Recoverable taxes |  | 201.1 |  | 1,044.9 |  | 1,122.3 |  | 639.7 |  | 665.0 |  | 382.4 |
Recoverable income and social contribution taxes |  | 70.4 |  | 366.1 |  | 325.3 |  | 257.2 |  | 216.6 |  | 159.4 |
Other receivables |  | 11.2 |  | 58.1 |  | 40.4 |  | 59.6 |  | 55.2 |  | 395.9 |
Prepaid expenses |  | 25.4 |  | 132.1 |  | 111.4 |  | 187.6 |  | 150.0 |  | 123.9 |
Contractual assets with customers – exclusive rights |  | 92.2 |  | 478.9 |  | 465.5 |  | 484.5 |  | 456.2 |  | 448.3 |
Total current assets |  | 3,365.4 |  | 17,489.1 |  | 15,058.1 |  | 16,211.7 |  | 15,490.1 |  | 13,366.1 |
Non-current assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial investments and hedging instruments |  | 188.1 |  | 977.4 |  | 506.5 |  | 202.3 |  | 84.4 |  | 15.1 |
Trade receivables |  | 13.9 |  | 72.2 |  | 53.7 |  | 81.6 |  | 46.3 |  | 49.6 |
Reseller financing |  | 80.7 |  | 419.3 |  | 364.7 |  | 348.3 |  | 283.7 |  | 177.5 |
Related parties |  | 0.5 |  | 2.8 |  | 0.5 |  | 0.5 |  | 0.5 |  | 0.5 |
Deferred income and social contribution taxes |  | 187.6 |  | 974.7 |  | 653.7 |  | 514.2 |  | 614.1 |  | 459.6 |
Recoverable taxes, net |  | 283.8 |  | 1,474.8 |  | 767.4 |  | 747.2 |  | 234.7 |  | 146.8 |
Recoverable income and social contribution taxes |  | 50.3 |  | 261.2 |  | 104.9 |  | 105.6 |  | 78.5 |  | 35.9 |
Escrow deposits |  | 182.8 |  | 949.8 |  | 921.4 |  | 881.5 |  | 822.7 |  | 778.8 |
Indemnity asset – business combination |  | 39.3 |  | 204.4 |  | 193.5 |  | 194.7 |  | 202.4 |  | — |
Other receivables |  | 3.9 |  | 20.2 |  | 3.4 |  | 1.4 |  | 7.9 |  | 2.7 |
Prepaid expenses |  | 13.6 |  | 70.5 |  | 69.2 |  | 399.1 |  | 346.9 |  | 222.5 |
Contractual assets with customers – exclusive rights |  | 236.2 |  | 1,227.4 |  | 1,000.5 |  | 1,034.0 |  | 1,046.1 |  | 989.8 |
|  | 1,280.6 |  | 6,654.8 |  | 4,639.5 |  | 4,510.4 |  | 3,768.2 |  | 2,878.6 |

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|  | As of December 31, |
|  | 2020(1) |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016 |
|  | (in millions) |
|  | US$ |  | R$ |  | R$ |  | R$ |  | R$ |  | R$ |
Investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
In joint-ventures |  | 26.8 |  | 139.1 |  | 153.1 |  | 102.0 |  | 122.1 |  | 116.1 |
In associates |  | 4.9 |  | 25.6 |  | 25.8 |  | 24.3 |  | 25.3 |  | 22.7 |
Other |  | 0.5 |  | 2.8 |  | 2.8 |  | 2.8 |  | 2.8 |  | 2.8 |
Right to use assets |  | 413.8 |  | 2,150.3 |  | 1,980.9 |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Property, plant and equipment, net |  | 1,540.6 |  | 8,005.9 |  | 7,572.8 |  | 7,278.9 |  | 6,637.8 |  | 5,796.4 |
Intangible assets, net |  | 343.0 |  | 1,782.7 |  | 1,762.6 |  | 2,369.4 |  | 2,238.0 |  | 1,891.6 |
|  | 2,329.6 |  | 12,106.3 |  | 11,497.9 |  | 9,777.3 |  | 9,026.1 |  | 7,829.7 |
Total non-current assets |  | 3,610.2 |  | 18,761.1 |  | 16,137.4 |  | 14,287.7 |  | 12,794.2 |  | 10,708.4 |
TOTAL ASSETS |  | 6,975.6 |  | 36,250.2 |  | 31,195.5 |  | 30,499.4 |  | 28,284.3 |  | 24,074.5 |

|  | As of December 31, |
|  | 2020(1) |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016 |
|  | (in millions) |
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position Data: |  | US$ |  | R$ |  | R$ |  | R$ |  | R$ |  | R$ |
Current liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans and hedging instruments |  | 443.7 |  | 2,306.0 |  | 867.9 |  | 2,007.4 |  | 1,819.8 |  | 1,821.4 |
Debentures |  | 182.8 |  | 949.9 |  | 249.6 |  | 263.7 |  | 1,681.2 |  | 651.6 |
Leases payable |  | 50.1 |  | 260.2 |  | 206.4 |  | 2.8 |  | 2.7 |  | 2.6 |
Trade payables |  | 777.5 |  | 4,040.7 |  | 2,700.1 |  | 2,731.7 |  | 2,155.5 |  | 1,709.7 |
Salaries and related charges |  | 90.2 |  | 468.6 |  | 405.6 |  | 428.2 |  | 388.1 |  | 362.7 |
Taxes payable |  | 55.0 |  | 286.0 |  | 269.9 |  | 268.0 |  | 221.5 |  | 168.4 |
Dividends payable |  | 85.1 |  | 442.1 |  | 16.7 |  | 284.0 |  | 338.8 |  | 320.9 |
Income and social contribution taxes payable |  | 32.6 |  | 169.3 |  | 164.8 |  | 55.5 |  | 86.8 |  | 140.0 |
Post-employment benefits |  | 5.2 |  | 27.1 |  | 29.0 |  | 45.7 |  | 30.1 |  | 24.9 |
Provision for asset retirement obligation |  | 0.8 |  | 4.3 |  | 3.8 |  | 4.4 |  | 4.8 |  | 4.6 |
Provision for tax, civil and labor risks |  | 8.4 |  | 43.7 |  | 40.5 |  | 77.8 |  | 64.6 |  | 52.7 |
Other payables |  | 43.2 |  | 224.7 |  | 213.3 |  | 141.0 |  | 197.4 |  | 202.6 |
Deferred revenue |  | 3.5 |  | 18.3 |  | 27.6 |  | 26.6 |  | 18.4 |  | 22.3 |
Total current liabilities |  | 1,778.2 |  | 9,240.8 |  | 5,195.1 |  | 6,336.8 |  | 7,009.7 |  | 5,484.3 |
Non-current liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans and hedging instruments |  | 1,640.7 |  | 8,526.1 |  | 6,907.1 |  | 6,487.4 |  | 6,113.5 |  | 6,800.1 |
Debentures |  | 1,076.5 |  | 5,594.2 |  | 6,368.2 |  | 6,401.5 |  | 3,927.6 |  | 2,095.3 |
Leases payable |  | 302.7 |  | 1,573.1 |  | 1,382.3 |  | 43.2 |  | 45.8 |  | 46.1 |
Related parties |  | 0.7 |  | 3.7 |  | 3.9 |  | 4.1 |  | 4.2 |  | 4.3 |
Deferred income and social contribution taxes |  | 2.5 |  | 12.7 |  | 7.5 |  | 9.3 |  | 83.6 |  | 7.6 |
Provision for tax, civil and labor risks |  | 164.4 |  | 854.4 |  | 884.1 |  | 865.2 |  | 861.2 |  | 727.1 |
Post-employment benefits |  | 49.6 |  | 257.6 |  | 243.9 |  | 204.2 |  | 207.5 |  | 119.8 |
Provision for assets retirement obligation |  | 9.5 |  | 49.2 |  | 47.4 |  | 50.3 |  | 60.0 |  | 73.0 |
Subscription warrants – indemnification |  | 16.6 |  | 86.4 |  | 130.7 |  | 123.1 |  | 171.5 |  | 153.4 |
Other payables |  | 27.2 |  | 141.6 |  | 190.1 |  | 162.4 |  | 162.8 |  | 74.9 |
Deferred revenue |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 11.9 |  | 12.9 |  | 12.5 |
Total non-current liabilities |  | 3,290.4 |  | 17,099.1 |  | 16,165.2 |  | 14,362.6 |  | 11,650.6 |  | 10,114.2 |
TOTAL LIABILITIES |  | 5,068.6 |  | 26,339.9 |  | 21,360.3 |  | 20,699.4 |  | 18,660.3 |  | 15,598.5 |

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| As of December 31, |
| 2020(1) |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |
| (in millions) |
| US$ |  |  | R$ |  |  | R$ |  |  | R$ |  |  | R$ |  |  | R$ |
Equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Share capital | 995.2 |  |  | 5,171.8 |  |  | 5,171.8 |  |  | 5,171.8 |  |  | 5,171.8 |  |  | 3,838.7 |
Equity instrument granted | 4.3 |  |  | 22.4 |  |  | 12.0 |  |  | 4.3 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | — |
Capital reserve | 114.3 |  |  | 594.0 |  |  | 542.4 |  |  | 542.4 |  |  | 549.8 |  |  | 552.0 |
Treasury shares | (94.1 | ) |  | (489.1 | ) |  | (485.4 | ) |  | (485.4 | ) |  | (482.3 | ) |  | (483.9 | )
Revaluation reserve on subsidiaries | 0.8 |  |  | 4.3 |  |  | 4.5 |  |  | 4.7 |  |  | 4.9 |  |  | 5.3 |
Profit reserves | 848.3 |  |  | 4,408.3 |  |  | 3,995.4 |  |  | 4,099.1 |  |  | 3,629.9 |  |  | 4,384.0 |
Additional dividends to the minimum mandatory dividends | 10.7 |  |  | 55.4 |  |  | 261.5 |  |  | 109.4 |  |  | 163.7 |  |  | 165.5 |
Valuation adjustments | (89.5 | ) |  | (465.0 | ) |  | (146.3 | ) |  | (64.0 | ) |  | 154.8 |  |  | (24.0 | )
Cumulative translation adjustments | 44.6 |  |  | 231.6 |  |  | 102.4 |  |  | 65.9 |  |  | 53.1 |  |  | 7.5 |
Equity attributable to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Shareholders of the Company | 1,834.6 |  |  | 9,533.7 |  |  | 9,458.3 |  |  | 9,448.1 |  |  | 9,246.2 |  |  | 8,445.2 |
Non-controlling interest in subsidiaries | 72.5 |  |  | 376.5 |  |  | 376.9 |  |  | 351.9 |  |  | 377.8 |  |  | 30.9 |
TOTAL EQUITY | 1,907.0 |  |  | 9,910.3 |  |  | 9,835.2 |  |  | 9,800.0 |  |  | 9,624.0 |  |  | 8,476.1 |
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY | 6,975.6 |  |  | 36,250.2 |  |  | 31,195.5 |  |  | 30,499.4 |  |  | 28,284.3 |  |  | 24,074.5 |

(1) The figures in Reais for December 31, 2020 have been converted into dollars using the exchange rate of US$1.00 = R$5.1967, which is the commercial rate reported by the Central Bank on that date. This information is presented solely for the convenience of the reader. You should not interpret the currency conversions in this annual report as a statement that the amounts in Reais currently represent such values in U.S. dollars. Additionally, you should not interpret such conversions as statements that the amounts in Reais have been, could have been or could be converted into U.S. dollars at this or any other foreign exchange rates. See “Item 3.A. Key Information—Selected Consolidated Financial Data—Exchange Rates”.

Exchange Rates

In 2016, the Real appreciated 17% against the U.S. dollar, marking the first year that it has appreciated against the U.S. dollar since 2011, despite residual political instability and continuing signs that the Brazilian economy was shrinking. This was mostly due to improvements in the Brazilian political environment, following the impeachment of former president Dilma Rousseff and certain stabilizing measures proposed by former President Michel Temer as well as ongoing efforts by the government’s economic team to curb public spending and debt. In 2017, the Real depreciated 2% against the U.S. dollar, reflecting the continued political instability and diminished expectations of the pension reform despite a slight improvement in the Brazilian economic scenario. In 2018, the Real depreciated 17%, pressured mainly by the global instability, result of economic crises in developed countries, and the increase of interest rates by the Federal Reserve System. The domestic scenario, characterized by political instability due to the presidential elections and the slow progress of fiscal and pension reforms, also influenced the Real depreciation during the year. In 2019, the Real depreciated 4% against the U.S. dollar as a result of the worldwide trade tensions particularly between China and the United States and uncertainties relating to the Brazilian pension reform. In 2020, the Real depreciated 29% against the U.S. dollar in a year marked by (i) uncertainties about the COVID-19 health crisis, (ii) reduction of the interest rate in Brazil and (iii) aggravation of Brazil’s fiscal and political risks.

On April 28, 2021, the exchange rate for Reais into U.S. dollars was 5.400 to US$1.00, based on the commercial selling rate as reported by the Central Bank. From December 31, 2020 to April 28, 2021, the Real depreciated 4% against the U.S. dollar, mainly due to the low interest rate environment in Brazil coupled with local and international market conditions, including the economic, political and other impacts of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

The average Real/U.S. dollar of the monthly exchange rate in 2020 was R$5.156 per US$1.00 compared with R$3.945 per US$1.00 in 2019, a depreciation of 31%. The following table sets forth information on prevailing commercial foreign exchange selling rates for the periods indicated, as published by the Central Bank on its electronic information system, SISBACEN, using PTAX 800, Option 5.

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It is not possible to predict future changes in the Real-U.S. dollar exchange rate and what impact the Brazilian macroeconomic scenario and the Brazilian government’s exchange rate policies may have on us.

| Exchange rates of nominal Reais per US$1.00
| High |  | Low |  | Average |  | Period-End
Year Ended |  |  |  |  |  |  |
December 31, 2016 | 4.156 |  | 3.119 |  | 3.450 (1) |  | 3.259
December 31, 2017 | 3.381 |  | 3.051 |  | 3.203 (1) |  | 3.308
December 31, 2018 | 4.188 |  | 3.139 |  | 3.680 (1) |  | 3.875
December 31, 2019 | 4.260 |  | 3.652 |  | 3.944 (1) |  | 4.031
December 31, 2020 | 5.937 |  | 4.021 |  | 5.243 (1) |  | 5.197
Month Ended |  |  |  |  |  |  |
December 31, 2020 | 5.279 |  | 5.058 |  | 5.168 (2) |  | 5.197
January 31. 2021 | 5.509 |  | 5.163 |  | 5.336 (2) |  | 5.476
February 28, 2021 | 5.530 |  | 5.342 |  | 5.436 (2) |  | 5.530
March 31, 2021 | 5.840 |  | 5.495 |  | 5.667 (2) |  | 5.697
April 28, 2021 | 5.456 |  | 5.344 |  | 5.400 (2) |  | 5.400

(1) Average of the foreign exchange rates on the last day of each month in the period.

(2) Average of the high and low foreign exchange rates for each month.

B. Capitalization and Indebtedness

Not applicable.

C. Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds

Not applicable.

D. Risk Factors

Investing in our shares and ADSs involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described below and the other information contained in this annual report in evaluating an investment in our shares or ADSs. Our business, results of operations, cash flow, liquidity and financial condition could be harmed if any of these risks materializes and, as a result, the trading price of the shares or the ADSs could decline and you could lose a substantial part or even all your investment.

We have included information in these risk factors concerning Brazil based on information that is publicly available. Other risks that we do not presently know about or deem as immaterial could also cause adverse effects on our businesses, operations, financial condition and results of operations.

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Risks Relating to Ultrapar and Its Industries

Petrobras is the main supplier of LPG and oil-based fuels in Brazil. Fuel and LPG distributors in Brazil, including Ipiranga and Ultragaz, have formal contracts with Petrobras for the supply of oil-derivatives. Any material delay or interruption in the supply of LPG or oil-based fuels from Petrobras would immediately affect Ultragaz or Ipiranga’s ability to provide LPG and oil-based fuels to their customers.

Prior to 1995, Petrobras held a constitutional monopoly for the production and importation of petroleum products in Brazil. Although this constitutional monopoly was formally terminated pursuant to an amendment to the Brazilian constitution enacted in 1995, Petrobras effectively remains the main provider of LPG and oil-based fuels in Brazil. Currently, Ultragaz and all other LPG distributors in Brazil purchase all or nearly all LPG from Petrobras. Ultragaz’s net revenue from sales and services represented 9% of our consolidated net revenue from sales and services for the year ended December 31, 2020. The procedures for ordering and purchasing LPG from Petrobras are generally common to all LPG distributors—including Ultragaz. For more details, see “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Distribution of Liquefied Petroleum Gas—Ultragaz—Supply of LPG”.

With respect to fuel distribution, Petrobras also supplied the majority of Ipiranga and other distributors’ oil-based fuel requirements in 2020. Petrobras’ supply to Ipiranga is governed by an annual contract, under which the supply volume is established based on the volume purchased in the previous year. Ipiranga’s net revenue from sales and services represented 81% of our consolidated net revenue from sales and services for the year ended December 31, 2020. For further information, see “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Fuel Distribution—Ipiranga—Supply of fuels”.

Significant interruptions or delays of LPG and oil-based fuel supply from Petrobras may occur in the future. Any interruption in the supply of LPG or oil-based fuels from Petrobras would immediately affect Ultragaz or Ipiranga’s respective ability to provide LPG or oil-based fuels to its customers, and material delays in the supply could also impact our operations. If we are not able to obtain an adequate supply of LPG or oil-based fuels from Petrobras under acceptable terms, we may seek to meet our demands through LPG or oil-based fuels purchased in the international market. The logistics infrastructure for LPG and oil-based fuel imports in Brazil is limited and is substantially controlled by Petrobras. Any such interruption or material delays could increase our purchase costs and reduce our sales volume, consequently, adversely affecting our operating margins.

Petrobras is currently under investigation by the CVM, the Brazilian Federal Police and other Brazilian public authorities in connection with corruption allegations (so called Lava Jato investigations) consisting, among other things, of illegal payments made to officers, directors and other employees of Petrobras to influence commercial decisions. Petrobras was under investigation by the SEC and the US Department of Justice and announced a settlement of those investigations in September 2018. In addition, Petrobras was previously subject to a class action in the United States, which was also settled in 2018. As disclosed by Petrobras, it is currently party to a collective action commenced in the Netherlands, an arbitration proceeding in Argentina, and arbitration and judicial proceedings commenced in Brazil. In each case, the proceedings were brought by investors (or entities that allegedly represent investors’ interests) who purchased shares of Petrobras traded on the B3 or other securities issued by Petrobras outside of the United States, alleging damages caused by facts uncovered in the Lava Jato investigations. Such investigations and proceedings have had a destabilizing effect on Petrobras, and it is difficult to ascertain what further impact such matters will have on Petrobras’ supply of LPG and oil-based fuels to market players.

In addition, Petrobras has made several changes to the composition of its management team and has undertaken a long-term divestment plan. It is not clear how these changes or any future changes in management may impact price adjustment policy and how the divestment plan may change the structure and long-term outlook of the fuel market. We cannot predict the outcome that the Lava Jato investigations will have on the fuel market and, specifically, on the availability of, and our ability to access, the LPG and oil-based fuel supply from Petrobras.

Our businesses may be materially and adversely affected by the outbreak of communicable diseases, such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, or other epidemics or pandemics.

A novel strain of coronavirus, COVID-19, was first identified in China in December 2019 and became a global pandemic in March 2020. Our businesses may be materially and adversely affected by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic or the outbreak of other communicable diseases, including epidemics and pandemics.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had, and continues to have, a material impact on businesses around the world, including ours, and the economic and political environments in which businesses operate. There is a number of factors associated with the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on global economies that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, prospects and the market price of our securities.

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A number of countries, states or areas where we operate have implemented policies in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, including declaring states of emergency, implementing severe restrictions on the movement and activities of people and/or implementing restrictions on the operations of certain businesses. These restrictions are determined by the central or local governments of individual jurisdictions (including through the implementation of emergency powers) and impacts (including the timing of implementation and any subsequent lifting of restrictions) may vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. Restrictions on the movement of people and on business operations have a significant impact on economic activity in the relevant countries, states or areas and could adversely affect our operational capacity or productivity, could disrupt transportation networks and supply and distribution chains causing disruptions in our businesses operations, and could significantly reduce customer demand or result in unfavorable changes in consumer behavior. In addition, governmental and regulatory actions and support measures taken in response to the COVID-19 outbreak may impose restrictions or obligations on our businesses and may limit management’s flexibility in managing our business.

In 2020, particularly between March and July, the COVID-19 pandemic adversely affected our revenue as a result of (i) a decrease in demand for certain of our products, principally reduced demand for fuel as a result of the restrictions imposed by states of Brazil on movement of people and the operation of businesses in many parts of Brazil (which has also prompted us to relax certain contractual clauses with Ipiranga's resellers) and (ii) reduced sales in Extrafarma as a result of the temporary closure of drugstores located in shopping malls in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic.

The dissemination of COVID-19 made us change our business practices (including additional hygienic practices for workplaces and employees, in addition to canceling in-person meetings, events and conferences) during the pandemic. In addition, we also created a crisis committee to identify and monitor the main developments and risks relating to COVID-19 and to adopt preventive and emergency measures to reduce their effects. We may take additional actions, as required by government authorities or as determined by management, considering the best interests of our employees, customers and business partners. We cannot guarantee that these measures will be sufficient to mitigate the risks posed by the pandemic or that they will meet the demands of government authorities.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused disruption to our customers, suppliers, personnel and resellers in Brazil and in all other countries in which we operate. Nonetheless, pursuant to Federal Decree No. 10,282/20, which was issued in the context of Federal Law No. 13,979/20, the activities of the subsidiaries of Ultrapar are considered essential during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, our subsidiaries have continued to operate and have ensured a continuous supply of their products and services to their clients. However, we cannot assure that our subsidiaries will not be impacted by external factors, such as the limitation of access by our subsidiaries to operational inputs, clients, and financial resources. We also cannot assure that the current legal framework will not be altered. If it happens, all or some of our subsidiaries' activities may no longer be considered essential and might be subject to restrictions that could materially affect the results of our operations and businesses.

In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected business and economic sentiment, causing significant volatility in global markets and affecting the outlook of the economy of Brazil and of the other countries in which we operate. Such affects include significant volatility in the price of crude oil, the price of LPG and the price of other commodities, as well as significant volatility in foreign exchange rates, borrowing costs and the availability of credit. A continuation or worsening of the levels of market disruption and volatility seen in the recent past could have an adverse effect on our ability to access funding and on our ability to negotiate and enter into any amendments that may be required in the future to the terms of our existing indebtedness. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a weakening in gross domestic product in several countries around the world, including in the countries in which we operate, and the probability of a more adverse economic scenario for at least the short term is substantially higher than the outlook that existed before March 2020.

As noted above, oil prices declined sharply as a result of a significant and rapid decrease in demand for fuels caused by the outbreak of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Brent crude oil prices dropped 34% from US$64 per barrel in the end of December 2019 to US$42 per barrel in the end of December 2020, thus reducing prices of gasoline and diesel worldwide. Gasoline and diesel sales prices in Brazil are directly influenced by international prices and, as such, in 2020 prices of diesel decreased 14% and prices of gasoline decreased 3% in Brazil. In addition, the volatility in the prices of oil and oil products since the end of March, combined with an fall in the price of ethanol in April, caused inventories losses in the second quarter 2020. If our competitors have the ability to access imported diesel and gasoline at a lower cost than our average cost, our competitiveness may be impacted and, consequently, this could adversely affect our results of operations.

In addition to general effects on the economy and the businesses of our suppliers and clients, the COVID-19 pandemic – and any other communicable disease – imposes risks to our operations directly. For instance, if a group of employees of the same division is infected simultaneously, such division may have its activities and businesses affected. If this occurs to a strategic division – or to more than one division simultaneously, it can adversely affect our operation and businesses, and results as a consequence.

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New variants and mutations of the virus that causes COVID-19 have been emerging in different countries, including in Brazil, and new waves were spotted in the past months. Events like new waves of mutated coronavirus can add even more uncertainty to the economic scenario, rapidly changing predictions and forecasts. In addition, we cannot predict the potential severity of the economic downturn or recession and we cannot predict the post-crisis recovery environment which, from a commercial, economic, political, regulatory and risk perspective, could be significantly different to past crises and could persist for a prolonged period. The extent to which the COVID-19 outbreak will affect our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows will depend on present and future developments, which are highly uncertain and unpredictable. These developments include, among others, the duration and geographic distribution of the outbreak and new waves, its severity, actions to contain the virus or minimize its impact, and how quickly and to what extent normal economic and operational conditions can be resumed. Even after containing the outbreak of COVID-19, our business may continue to suffer adverse and material impacts due to the global or regional economic impact, including recession and economic slowdown, which may affect the purchasing power of our customers.

Also, it remains uncertain to what extent the financial information, after December 31, 2020, may still be affected by the commercial, operational and financial impacts of the pandemic, because it will depend on its duration and the impacts on economic activities, as well as government, and businesses in response to the crisis. In this context, some financial risk assessments, projections and impairment tests, in connection with the preparation of these financial statements, may be impacted by the pandemic, and may adversely affect the financial position of the Company and its subsidiaries. In addition, the increased volatility in financial markets may impact our financial results where a fair value approach is required.

As there are no comparable recent events that can provide us with guidance regarding the effect of a severe global pandemic, we cannot predict the final impact of the COVID-19 outbreak. Finally, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic can also precipitate or exacerbate the other risks described in this annual report.

For the impact of ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on our results and operations in 2020 see “Item 5.A. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects— Operating Results—Impact of ongoing COVID-19 pandemic”, and other risk factors included herein and “—Trend Information” below.

Intense competition is generally inherent to distribution markets, including the LPG, the fuel distribution and the retail pharmacy markets and may affect our operating margins.

The Brazilian LPG market is very competitive in all segments—residential, commercial and industrial. Intense competition in the LPG distribution market could lead to lower sales volumes and increased marketing expenses, which may have a material adverse effect on our operating margins. See “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Distribution of Liquefied Petroleum Gas—Industry and Regulatory Overview—The role of Petrobras” and “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Distribution of Liquefied Petroleum Gas—Ultragaz—Competition”.

The Brazilian fuel distribution market is highly competitive as well, in both retail and wholesale segments, with companies with significant resources participating in the Brazilian fuel distribution market. Furthermore, small, local and regional distributors, as well as some important international players have increased their market share in recent years. Intense competition in the fuel distribution market could lead to lower sales volumes and increased marketing expenses, which may have a material adverse effect on our operating margins. See “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Fuel Distribution—Industry and Regulatory Overview—The role of Petrobras” and “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Fuel Distribution—Ipiranga—Competition”.

Likewise, the Brazilian drugstore market is highly competitive. Extrafarma competes with national, regional and local drugstore chains, independent drugstores, prescription-only pharmacies, internet purveyors of pharmaceutical and beauty products, and other retailers such as supermarkets, beauty products’ store and convenience stores. In addition, new retailers may enter the market and compete with us. Competition in the retail pharmacy market is shaped by a variety of factors, such as location, range of products, advertising, commercial practices, price, quality of services and strength of brand name, among others. If we are unable to anticipate, predict and meet the preferences of our customers, we may lose revenue and market share to our competitors.

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Anticompetitive practices in the fuel distribution sector may distort market prices.

In the recent past, anticompetitive practices have been one of the main problems affecting fuels distributors in Brazil, including Ipiranga. Generally, these practices have involved a combination of tax evasion and fuels adulteration, such as the dilution of gasoline by mixing solvents or adding anhydrous ethanol in an amount greater than that permitted by applicable law.

Taxes constitute a significant portion of the cost of fuels sold in Brazil. For this reason, tax evasion by some fuel distributors has been prevalent, allowing them to lower the prices they charge compared to large distributors such as Ipiranga. As the final prices for the products sold by distributors, including Ipiranga, are calculated based on, among other factors, the amount of taxes levied on the purchase and sale of these fuels, anticompetitive practices such as tax evasion may reduce Ipiranga’s sales volume and could have a material adverse effect on our operating margins. Should there be any increase in the taxes levied on fuel, tax evasion may increase, resulting in a greater distortion of the prices of fuels sold and further adversely affecting our results of operations.

LPG and oil-based fuels compete with alternative sources of energy. Competition with and the development of alternative sources of energy in the future may adversely affect the LPG and oil-based fuels market.

LPG competes with alternative sources of energy, such as natural gas, wood, diesel, fuel oil and electricity. Natural gas is currently the main source of energy that we compete with. Currently, natural gas is less expensive than LPG for large industrial consumers, but more expensive for most of residential consumers. Changes in relative prices or the development of alternative sources of energy in the future may adversely affect the LPG market and consequently our business, financial results and results of operations. Oil-based fuels also compete with alternative sources of energy, such as electricity. See “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Distribution of Liquefied Petroleum Gas—Ultragaz—Competition”.

Ethylene, one of the main raw materials used in our petrochemical operations, comes from limited supply sources. Any reduction in the supply of ethylene would have an immediate impact on Oxiteno’s production and results of operations.

All second-generation petrochemical producers in Brazil that use ethylene as their key raw material, including Oxiteno, purchase ethylene from Brazilian suppliers. Approximately 3% of our net revenue from sales and services in 2020 were derived from the sale of chemical products manufactured in Brazil that require ethylene. Oxiteno purchases ethylene from two of Brazil’s three naphtha cracker units, which are the sole sources of ethylene in Brazil. Pursuant to long-term contracts, Braskem is the sole supplier of all ethylene required at our plants located in Camaçari and Mauá. For more detailed information about these contracts see “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Petrochemicals and Chemicals—Oxiteno—Raw materials” and “Item 5.F. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations”. Given its characteristics, ethylene is difficult and expensive to store and transport, and cannot be easily imported to Brazil. Therefore, Oxiteno is almost totally dependent on ethylene produced by Braskem. For the year ended December 31, 2020, Brazil’s ethylene imports totaled 19 tons, representing less than 0.001% of Brazil’s installed capacity.

Due to ethylene’s chemical characteristics, Oxiteno does not store any quantity of ethylene, and reductions or interruptions in supply from Braskem, Oxiteno’s sole supplier of ethylene in Brazil, would have an immediate impact on our production and results of operations. If we further expand our production capacity, there is no assurance that we will be able to obtain additional ethylene from Braskem. In addition, Petrobras is the main supplier of naphtha to crackers in Brazil, and any interruption in the supply of naphtha from Petrobras to the crackers could adversely impact their ability to supply ethylene to Oxiteno.

Members of the Brazilian federal government and of the legislative branch, as well as former senior officers of Petrobras, have faced allegations of political corruption from the ongoing Lava Jato and other investigations. These government officials and senior officers allegedly accepted bribes by means of kickbacks on contracts granted by Petrobras to several infrastructure, oil and gas and construction companies, including Odebrecht S.A., Braskem’s controlling shareholder. We cannot currently predict how the investigations and any future decisions and actions by authorities in relation to Braskem’s shareholders may impact Braskem or, consequently, Oxiteno’s supply of ethylene.

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The prices of ethylene and palm kernel oil, Oxiteno’s main raw materials, are subject to fluctuations in international markets.

The price of ethylene, which is the main component of Oxiteno’s cost of sales and services, is directly linked to the price of naphtha, which, in turn, is largely linked to the price of crude oil. Consequently, ethylene prices are subject to fluctuations in international oil prices. A significant increase in the price of crude oil and, consequently, naphtha and ethylene, could increase our costs, which could have a material adverse effect on Oxiteno’s results of operations, particularly in Brazil.

Palm kernel oil is one of Oxiteno’s main raw materials, used to produce fatty alcohols and its by-products in the oleochemical unit. Oxiteno imports the palm kernel oil from the main producing countries, especially Malaysia and Indonesia, and therefore palm kernel oil prices are subject to the effects of foreign exchange rate variation. Palm kernel oil is a vegetable oil, also commonly used by the food industry. Consequently, palm kernel oil prices are subject to the effects of environmental and climatic variations that affect the palm plantations, fluctuations of harvest periods, economic environment in major producing countries and fluctuations in the demand for its use in the food industry. A significant increase in the price of palm kernel oil combined with foreign exchange rate variations of the Real could increase our costs, which could have a material adverse effect on Oxiteno’s results of operations.

New natural gas reserves, primarily in North America, may reduce the global prices of natural gas-based ethylene, which could affect Oxiteno’s competitiveness with imported petrochemical products.

The ethylene used in the chemical and petrochemical industries can be obtained either from ethane, which is derived from natural gas, or naphtha, which is derived from oil. During the last few years, naphtha-based ethylene has been more expensive than natural gas-based ethylene, as oil prices have been higher than those of natural gas. The discovery of new shale gas reserves in North America and improvements in the technology to extract natural gas from shale gas have intensified the difference between naphtha and natural gas-based ethylene prices. Most of the ethylene produced in Brazil is derived from naphtha. As Oxiteno competes in the Brazilian market largely with imported products, declining feedstock costs of international players could affect the competitiveness of Oxiteno, which could materially affect our results.

In respect of Oxiteno’s competition in the international market, since 2018, Oxiteno has operated an industrial facility in Pasadena, Texas, of ethylene oxide derivatives and purchases the raw material from local producers located in the Mexican Gulf, with ethylene oxide price referenced at the cost of natural gas in North America.

The Brazilian petrochemical industry is influenced by the performance of the international petrochemical industry and its cyclical behavior.

The international petrochemical market is cyclical by nature, with alternating periods typically characterized by tight supply, increased prices and high margins, or by overcapacity, declining prices and low margins. The decrease in Brazilian import tariffs on petrochemical products, the increase in demand for such products in Brazil, and the ongoing integration of regional and world markets for commodities have contributed to the increasing integration of the Brazilian petrochemical industry into the international petrochemical marketplace. In addition, to the extent that Petrobras' price adjustment policy is aligned with international market price variation, those variations are relevant for the Brazilian petrochemical industry. Consequently, events affecting the petrochemical industry worldwide could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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The reduction in import tariffs on petrochemical products can reduce our competitiveness in relation to imported products.

Final prices paid by importers of petrochemical products include import tariffs. Consequently, import tariffs imposed by the Brazilian government and any changes in those tariffs affect the prices we can charge for our products. The Brazilian government’s negotiation of commercial and other intergovernmental agreements may result in reductions in the Brazilian import tariffs on petrochemical products, which range between 0% and 20% (mainly concentrated between 2% and 14%) and may reduce the competitiveness of Oxiteno’s products vis-à-vis imported petrochemical products. Additionally, Oxiteno’s competitiveness may also be reduced in case of higher import tariffs imposed by countries to which the company exports its products. Furthermore, governmental responses to periods of increased political and economic global uncertainty can increase the extent to which sudden and unpredictable changes may occur in trade policy and tariffs.

Regulatory, political, economic and social conditions in the countries where we have operations or projects could adversely impact our businesses and the market price of our securities.

Our financial and operational performance may be negatively affected by regulatory, political, economic and social conditions in countries where we have operations or projects. In some of these jurisdictions, we are exposed to various risks such as potential renegotiation, nullification or forced modification of existing contracts, expropriation or nationalization of property, foreign exchange controls, changes in local laws, regulations and policies, trade controls and tariffs, global trade uncertainties and political instability. We also face the risk of having to submit to the jurisdiction of a foreign court or arbitration panel or having to enforce a judgment against a sovereign nation within its own territory. Furthermore, we operate in labor-intensive industries that are subject to the effects of instabilities in the labor market, including strikes, work stoppages, protests and changes in employment regulations, increases in wages and the conditions of collective bargaining agreements that, individually or in the aggregate, could have a material adverse effect on our results. The industries in which we operate have experienced these types of instabilities in the past and we cannot assure that these instabilities will not occur again.

Actual or potential political or social changes and changes in economic policy may undermine investor confidence, which may hamper investment and thereby reduce economic growth, and otherwise may adversely affect the economic and other conditions under which we operate in ways that could have a materially negative effect on our businesses.

We are also exposed to risks relating to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the regulatory, political, economic and social impacts of that outbreak. See “—Our businesses may be materially and adversely affected by the outbreak of communicable diseases, such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, or other epidemics or pandemics”.

Our businesses would be materially adversely affected if operations at our transportation and distribution facilities experienced significant interruptions.

The distribution of LPG, fuels, petrochemicals and pharmaceutical products is subject to inherent risks, including interruptions or disturbances in the distribution system which may be caused by accidents or force majeure events, including the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Our operations are dependent upon the uninterrupted operation of our terminals, storage and distribution facilities and various means of transportation. We are also dependent upon the uninterrupted operation of certain facilities owned or operated by our suppliers. Operations at our facilities and at the facilities owned or operated by our suppliers could be partially or completely shut down, temporarily or permanently, as the result of any number of circumstances that are not within our control, such as:

· catastrophic events, including hurricanes and floods;

· epidemics and pandemics, such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic (see “—Our business may be materially and adversely affected by the outbreak of communicable diseases, such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, or other epidemics or pandemics”);

· environmental matters (including environmental licensing processes or environmental incidents, contamination, and others);

· labor difficulties (including work stoppages, strikes and other events); and

· disruptions in our means of transportation, affecting the supply of our products.

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Any significant interruption at these facilities or inability to transport products to or from these facilities or to our customers for any reason could subject us to liability in judicial, administrative or other proceedings, including for disruptions caused by events outside of our control, which could materially affect our businesses and results.

For example, on May 21, 2018, Brazilian truck drivers announced a nationwide strike, which lasted 10 days, demanding a reduction in taxes imposed on diesel and an amendment to the fuel pricing methodology adopted by Petrobras. The nationwide strike also involved the blockage of some of our facilities, obstruction of highways and other public roadways all over the country which have affected the delivery of various types of cargos and prevented us from carrying out our activities and operations in a normal manner. Amongst the impacts caused by the nationwide strike, the ANP issued a series of exceptional measures to remain in effect while the strike was ongoing to avoid fuel shortages. The Brazilian Federal Government also announced the implementation of measures to meet the demands made by the truck drivers to end the nationwide strike. Our results for 2018 were negatively impacted by the truck drivers’ strike, mainly due to losses of sales volume during the period of the strike in Ipiranga, Oxiteno, Ultragaz and Extrafarma and inventory losses at Ipiranga due to the reduction of R$0.46 on the price of diesel. At Ipiranga, blockades at the distribution terminals during the strike prevented delivery of products. At Oxiteno, the strike caused a temporary stoppage at four production units due to impossibility of delivering products. At Ultragaz, difficulties of product delivery centered round the bulk segment. At Extrafarma, there were logistical problems in receiving and distributing products.

We may be adversely affected by changes to specific laws and regulations in our operating sectors.

We are subject to extensive federal, state and local legislation and regulation by government agencies and sector associations in the industries we operate. Rules related to quality of products, product storage, staff working hours, among others, may become more stringent or be amended overtime, and require new investments or the increase in expenses so our operations are in compliance with the applicable rules. Changes in specific laws and regulations in the sectors we operate may adversely affect the conditions under which we operate in ways that could have a materially negative effect on our businesses and our results.

For example, as a consequence of the nationwide truck drivers’ strike, the ANP issued a series of exceptional measures to remain in effect while the strike was ongoing to avoid fuel shortages. The Brazilian Federal Government also announced the implementation of measures to meet the demands made by the truck drivers to end the nationwide strike.

The nationwide strike and the measures adopted in response had a direct impact on our businesses and results. Further strikes and any additional measures to be implemented by the Brazilian Federal Government and regulatory agencies in response may also affect our operations and further adversely impact our results.

We may be adversely affected by the imposition and enforcement of more stringent environmental laws and regulations, including as a result of rising climate change concerns, that may result in increased costs of operation and compliance, as well as a decrease in demand for our products.

We are subject to extensive federal and state legislation and regulation by government agencies responsible for the implementation of environmental and health laws and policies in Brazil, Mexico, the Unites States and Uruguay. Companies like ours are required to obtain licenses for their manufacturing facilities from environmental authorities which may also regulate their operations by prescribing specific environmental standards in their operating licenses. Environmental regulations apply particularly to the discharge, handling and disposal of gaseous, liquid and solid products and by-products from manufacturing activities.

Changes in these laws and regulations, or changes in their enforcement, could adversely affect us by increasing our cost of compliance or operations. In addition, new laws or additional regulations, or more stringent interpretations of existing laws and regulations, could require us to spend additional funds on related matters in order to stay in compliance, thus increasing our costs and having an adverse effect on our results. Due to concern over the risk of climate change, a number of countries, including Brazil, have adopted or are considering the adoption of regulatory frameworks to, among other things, reduce greenhouse gas emissions. These include adoption of cap and trade regimes, carbon taxes, increased efficiency standards, prohibition of oil-based fuels vehicles, and incentives or mandates for renewable energy. These requirements could reduce demand for hydrocarbons in different rhythm aces and different levels in countries where our customers are located, as well as shifting hydrocarbon demand toward relatively lower-carbon sources. In addition, many governments are providing tax advantages and other subsidies and mandates to make alternative energy sources more competitive against oil and gas, what can disincentivize the sale of certain products supplied by our subsidiaries. Governments are also promoting research into new technologies to reduce the cost and increase the scalability of alternative energy sources, all of which could lead to a decrease in demand for our products. In addition, current and pending greenhouse gas regulations may substantially increase our compliance costs and, as a result, increase the price of the products we produce or distribute.

For more information on environmental laws and regulation within our businesses, see “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Distribution of Liquefied Petroleum Gas—Industry and Regulatory Overview—Environmental, health and safety standards”, “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Fuel Distribution—Industry and Regulatory Overview—Environmental, health and safety standards” and “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Petrochemicals and Chemicals—Industry and Regulatory Overview—Environmental, health and safety standards”.

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The production, storage and transportation of LPG, fuels and petrochemicals are inherently hazardous.

The operations we perform at our plants involve safety risks and other operating risks, including the handling, production, storage and transportation of highly inflammable, explosive and toxic materials. These risks could result in personal injury and death, severe damage to or destruction of property and equipment and environmental damage. A sufficiently large accident at one of our plants, service stations or storage facilities could force us to suspend our operations in the facility temporarily and result in significant remediation costs, loss of revenues and contingent liabilities. In addition, insurance proceeds may not be available on a timely basis and may be insufficient to cover all losses. Equipment breakdowns, natural disasters and delays in obtaining imports or required replacement parts or equipment can also affect our manufacturing operations and consequently our results from operations, and our reputation.

For example, on April 2, 2015, part of the storage facilities operated by Ultracargo in Santos, in the state of São Paulo, endured a nine-day fire surrounding six ethanol and gasoline tanks. There were no casualties in this accident and, following an investigation by the State and Federal Police into the accident and its impact on the region, the cause of the accident was determined to be inconclusive. See “Item 4.A. Information on the Company—History and Development of the Company—Ultracargo – Fire at storage facilities in Santos”.

Our level of indebtedness may require us to use a significant portion of our cash flow to service such indebtedness.

As of December 31, 2020, our consolidated gross debt (consisting of loans and hedging instruments and debentures recorded as current and non-current liabilities) totaled R$17,376.2 million (US$3,343.7 million), our consolidated net debt (consisting of loans and hedging instruments, debentures and leases payable recorded as current and non-current liabilities, net of cash and cash equivalents and financial investments and hedging instruments) was R$10,537.3 million (US$2,027.7 million) and our cash flow generated from operating activities was R$3,138.1 million (US$603.9 million). See “Selected Consolidated Financial Data”. The level and composition of our indebtedness could have significant consequences for us, including requiring a portion of our cash flow from operations to be committed to the payment of principal and interest on our indebtedness, thereby reducing the available cash to finance our working capital and investments.

Our insurance coverage may be insufficient to cover losses that we might incur.

The operation of any chemical manufacturing plant and the specialized distribution and retail, as well as the operations of logistics of oil, chemical products, LPG, fuel and pharmaceuticals distribution involve substantial risks of property damage and personal injury and may result in material costs and liabilities. Although we maintain insurance policies, the occurrence of losses or other liabilities that are not covered by insurance or that exceed the limits of our insurance coverage could result in significant unexpected additional costs.

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The suspension, cancellation or non-renewal of certain federal tax benefits may adversely affect our results of operations.

Currently, we are entitled to federal tax benefits providing for income tax reduction for our activities in the Northeast region of Brazil, subject to certain conditions. Conversely, if the corresponding tax authorities understand that we have not complied with any of the tax benefit requirements or if the current tax programs from which we benefit are modified, suspended, cancelled, not renewed or renewed under terms that are substantially less favorable than expected, we may become liable for the payment of related taxes at the full tax rates and our results of operations may be adversely affected. Income tax exemptions amounted to R$83.9 million, R$43.2 million and R$107.7 million, for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. See “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Distribution of Liquefied Petroleum Gas—Ultragaz—Income tax exemption status”, “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Petrochemicals and Chemicals—Oxiteno—Income tax exemption status” and “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Storage services for liquid bulk —Ultracargo—Income tax exemption status”.

No single shareholder or group of shareholders holds more than 50% of our capital stock, which may increase the opportunity for alliances between shareholders and other events that may occur as a result thereof.

No single shareholder or group of shareholders holds more than 50% of our capital stock. Due to the absence of a controlling shareholder, we may be subject to future alliances or agreements between shareholders, which may result in the exercise of a relevant influence over our Company by them. In the event a controlling group is formed and decides to exercise its influence over our Company, we may be subject to unexpected changes in our corporate governance and strategies, including the replacement of key executive officers. Any unexpected change in our management team, business policy or strategy, any dispute between our shareholders, or any attempt to acquire control of our Company may have an adverse impact on us. The term of office of our current members of our Board of Directors, who were elected at the annual and extraordinary general shareholders’ meeting held on April 14, 2021, will expire in the annual general shareholders’ meeting to be held in 2023.

As a result of acquisitions, Ultrapar has assumed and may assume in the future certain liabilities related to the businesses acquired or to be acquired and risks associated with the transactions, including regulatory risks.

Ultrapar has assumed certain liabilities of previously acquired businesses; therefore, certain existing financial obligations, legal liabilities or other known and unknown contingent liabilities or risks of the businesses acquired have become Ultrapar´s responsibility. Ultrapar may acquire new businesses in the future and, as a result, it may be subject to additional liabilities, obligations and risks. See “Item 4.A. Information on the Company—History and Development of the Company” for more information in connection with these acquisitions.

In addition, Ultrapar is subject to risks relating to acquisitions that it enters into from time to time. Such risks include that the approval of such transactions may ultimately be refused by the relevant regulatory bodies, including CADE. See “Item 8.A. Financial Information—Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information—Legal Proceedings”.

These liabilities may cause Ultrapar to be required to make payments (including indemnifications and future claims in judicial and arbitral proceedings), incur charges or take other actions that may adversely affect Ultrapar’s financial position and results of operations and the price of Ultrapar’s shares.

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Our founding family and part of our senior management, through their ownership interest in Ultra S.A. and Parth, own a significant portion of our shares and may influence the management, direction and policies of Ultrapar, including the outcome of any matter submitted to the vote of shareholders.

Although there is no controlling shareholder of Ultrapar, our founding family and part of our senior management, through their ownership interest in Ultra S.A., beneficially own 25% of our outstanding common stock. Ultra S.A., together with Parth, another branch of the Igel family, entered into a shareholders’ agreement on May 2, 2018 relating to their Ultrapar shares. On August 18, 2020, Ultra S.A. and Parth entered into the 2020 Shareholders’ Agreement to include Pátria, in its capacity as Ultra S.A.'s shareholder then holding a 20% stake in Ultra S.A.'s capital stock, as consenting intervening party, therefore bound by the provisions of the 2020 Shareholders' Agreement. The 2020 Shareholders’ Agreement replaced the 2018 Shareholders’ Agreement in its entirety, and the terms and conditions remain substantially the same of the latter. As of the date of this annual report, the 2020 Shareholders' Agreement binds a total of shares representing 34.5% of the Company’s capital stock. See “Item 4.A. Information on the Company—History and Development of the Company”, “Item 7.A. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Major Shareholders—Shareholders’ Agreements” and “Exhibit 2.13—2020 Shareholders’ Agreement, dated as of August 18, 2020”. Accordingly, these shareholders, acting together through Ultra S.A. and Parth, may exercise significant influence over all matters requiring shareholder approval, including the election of our directors.

Our status as a holding company may limit our ability to pay dividends on the shares and consequently, on the ADSs.

As a holding company, we have no significant operating assets other than the ownership of shares of our subsidiaries. Substantially all of our operating income comes from our subsidiaries, and therefore we depend on the distribution of dividends or interest on shareholders’ equity from our subsidiaries. Consequently, our ability to pay dividends depends solely upon our dividends and other cash flows from our subsidiaries.

Our governance and compliance processes may fail to prevent regulatory penalties and reputational harm.

We are committed to conduct our businesses in a legal and ethical manner in compliance with the local and international statutory requirements and standards applicable to our activities. However, our governance and compliance processes, which include reviewing internal controls over financial reporting, may not prevent future violations of applicable legal, including anti-corruption, antitrust and conflicts of interest laws and regulations, accounting or governance standards. Although we have implemented what we understand to be a robust compliance and ethics program to detect and prevent violations of applicable anti-corruption, antitrust and conflicts of interest laws, we may be subject to breaches of our Code of Ethics, anti-corruption policies and commercial conduct protocols, and to instances of fraudulent behavior, corrupt, anticompetitive and unethical practices and dishonesty by our employees, contractors or other agents. In the recent past, anticompetitive practices have been one of the main problems affecting fuels and LPG distributors in Brazil, including Ipiranga and Ultragaz. There are allegations of cartels involved in price fixing in the fuel distribution and LPG sectors, and CADE has been targeting players of these sectors in different regions of Brazil. CADE has recently been actively investigating these sectors and the outcome of the ongoing investigations, administrative proceedings and lawsuits could have a material adverse effect on Ipiranga and Ultragaz. Our failure to comply with applicable laws and other standards could subject us to, among others, litigation, investigations, expenses, fines, loss of operating licenses and reputational harm.

Information technology failures, including those that affect the privacy and security of personal data, as a result of cyber-attacks or other causes, could adversely affect our businesses and the market price of our shares and ADSs.

We increasingly rely on information technology systems to process, transmit, and store electronic information. A significant portion of the communication between our personnel, customers, and suppliers depends on information technology. In addition, our billing systems relies heavily on technology infrastructure. As with all large systems, our information systems may be vulnerable to a variety of interruptions due to events beyond our control, including, but not limited to, natural disasters, terrorist attacks, telecommunications failures, computer viruses, hacker attacks, human errors or other security issues.

We depend on information technology to enable us to operate efficiently and interface with customers, as well as to maintain in-house management and control. We also collect and store non-public personal information that customers provide to purchase products or services, including personal information and payment information.

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In addition, the concentration of processes in shared services centers means that any technology disruption could impact a large portion of our business within the operating regions we serve. Any transitions of processes to, from or within shared services centers as well as other transformational projects, could lead to business disruptions. If we do not allocate, and effectively manage, the resources necessary to build and sustain the proper technology infrastructure, we could be subject to transaction errors, processing inefficiencies, loss of customers, operations disruptions, or the loss of or damage to intellectual property caused by security breach. As with all information technology systems, our system could also be penetrated by outside parties with the purpose of extracting information, corrupting information or disrupting business processes.

In Brazil, we are subject to laws and regulations relating to data protection and data privacy, including Brazilian Law No. 13,709 (LGPD). LGPD, which came into force in September 2020, except for its administrative sanctions (Articles 52, 53 and 54), which will only come into force on August 1, 2021, pursuant to Law No. 14,010, sets out the rights of data holders and, among others, creates a legal framework for the processing of personal data. LGPD requires mandatory breach notification in case of relevant risk or damage to the data holder and authorizes regulatory investigations that could lead to fines and other sanctions in case of non-compliance. To date, there are no ongoing regulatory investigations and sanctions are not yet in effect. However, we cannot assure that we will not be subject to any such investigations and any resulting sanctions in the future, should any breaches take place.

LGPD, as well as any other changes to existing personal data protection laws and the introduction of such laws in other jurisdictions in which we operate, may subject us to, among other measures, additional costs and expenses, which would require costly changes to our business practices and security systems, policies, procedures and practices.

As a result of our activities, Ultra Group processes personal data, including data of employees, dealers, customers and consumers. Therefore, in order to comply with the applicable laws and regulations, we have designed and implemented a privacy program, which, among others, aims to ensure that our businesses will put in place the procedures required to provide the appropriate legal basis for the processing of personal data and the adequate handling of said personal data.

We have implemented security measures to protect our databases and prevent cyberattacks, thereby reducing risks of exposure to data breaches and IT security incidents and we have adopted various actions aiming to minimize potential technology disruptions, such as tools, controls and procedures in the management and monitoring of internal and perimeter security, periodic analysis of vulnerabilities, an information security and cybersecurity awareness program, contingency plans for critical processes, a secondary environment for physical disaster recovery and respective periodic tests, tools for continuous monitoring and correlation of events, a dedicated team responsible for maintaining and continuously improving the information security management system, incident response plans and other best practices and tools, but all of these protections may be compromised as a result of third-party security breaches, burglaries, cyberattack, errors by employees or employees of third-party vendors, of contractors, misappropriation of data by employees, vendors or unaffiliated third parties, or other irregularities that may result in persons obtaining unauthorized access to company data or otherwise disrupting our business.

For example, on January 11, 2021, an unauthorized party disrupted access to our IT systems, which caused a temporary interruption to our operations and resulted in the theft of certain proprietary data. On January 14, 2021, we began restoring the systems that were affected by this incident, consistent with our cybersecurity guidelines and policies. Although our investigation of the data theft remains ongoing, all critical information systems of the Company and its subsidiaries have been fully operational since February. We are still evaluating the impact of this incident to our businesses and third parties, but no material adverse effect has been identified so far. For further information, see note 35 to our consolidated financial statements and our 6-Ks furnished to the SEC on January 12, 2021, and January 25, 2021.

Similar interruptions, data breaches or any noncompliance with LGPD could have an adverse effect on our businesses, reputation, results of operations, cash flows or financial condition, or result in proceedings or actions against us, including or imposition of fines.

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Risks Relating to Brazil

The Brazilian government has exercised, and continues to exercise, significant influence over the Brazilian economy. Brazilian political and economic conditions, including ongoing political instability and perceptions of these conditions in the international markets, could adversely affect our businesses and the market price of our shares and ADSs.

The Brazilian government frequently intervenes in the Brazilian economy and occasionally makes substantial changes in policy and regulations. The Brazilian government’s actions to control inflation and affect other policies and regulations have involved price and wage controls, currency devaluations, capital controls, strong fiscal adjustments and limits on imports, among other measures. Our businesses, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected by changes in policy or regulations involving or affecting tariffs, exchange controls and other matters, as well as factors such as:

· currency fluctuations;

· inflation;

· interest rates;

· exchange rate policies;

· liquidity available in the domestic capital, credit and financial markets;

· oil and gas sector regulations, including price policies;

· petrochemical and chemical sectors regulations;

· retail pharmacy business regulations;

· payment business regulations;

· the impact of epidemics and pandemics, such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic;

· price instability;

· social and political instability;

· energy and water shortages and rationing;

· liquidity of domestic capital and lending markets;

· fiscal policy; and

· other political, economic, social, trade and diplomatic developments in or affecting Brazil.

Uncertainty over whether the Brazilian government may implement changes in policy or regulation affecting these or other factors in the future may contribute to economic uncertainty in Brazil and to heightened volatility in the Brazilian securities markets and securities issued abroad by Brazilian issuers, as well as heightened volatility in the Brazilian Real. These and other future developments in the Brazilian economy or government policies may adversely affect us and our businesses as well as our results of operations and may adversely affect the trading price of our ADSs and shares. Furthermore, the Brazilian government may enact new regulations that may adversely affect our businesses and us.

Political instability in Brazil has been growing in recent years and can adversely affect the economy. In January 2019, Mr. Jair Messias Bolsonaro, a former member of the lower house of Congress, took office as president for a 4-year term, from 2019 to 2022. We have no control over and cannot predict what policies or actions the Brazilian government may take.

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Brazilian markets have registered an increase in volatility due to uncertainties resulting from ongoing investigations conducted by the Brazilian Federal Police and the Brazilian Federal Public Prosecutor’s Office with respect to high-ranking members of the government, including President Jair Bolsonaro. Such investigations have impacted the country’s economy and political environment. The potential outcome of these and other investigations is uncertain, but they have already had a negative impact on the market general perception regarding the Brazilian economy and have adversely affected and may continue to affect our business, financial condition and results of operations, as well as the market price of our common shares. We cannot predict whether the ongoing investigations, including those involving President Jair Bolsonaro, will lead to further political and economic instability, nor whether new allegations against government officials and executives and/or private companies will emerge in the future. We are also unable to foresee the results of these investigations, nor the impact on the Brazilian economy or the Brazilian stock market.

In addition, in March 2021 the Brazilian Supreme Court decided an appeal challenging the conviction of former President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, and ruled that certain corruption and money laundering charges faced by him should be redistributed to a different court and judged again. As a result, former President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva has been granted his political rights back, adding uncertainty to the local political scenario for the 2022 presidential elections and further questioning the stability of judicial proceedings locally.

Furthermore, President Bolsonaro has been criticized both in Brazil and internationally, with the destabilizing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic increasing political uncertainty and stability in Brazil, particularly after the departure of several high-ranked federal ministers and the allegations of corruption against President Bolsonaro.

The Brazilian government may be subject to internal pressure to change its current macroeconomic policies in order to achieve higher rates of economic growth. The Central Bank of Brazil may, in the future, be pressured to increase them, thereby restricting the availability of credit, increasing its cost and reducing economic growth. On February 2021, the Congress approved the autonomy of Central Bank of Brazil, minimizing the possibility of government interference in Brazilian monetary policy.

Brazil’s federal budget has been in deficit since 2014. Similarly, the governments of Brazil’s constituent states are also facing fiscal concerns due to their high debt burdens, declining revenues and inflexible expenditures. The Brazilian Congress has approved a ceiling on government spending that limits primary public expenditure growth to the prior year’s inflation for a period of at least 10 years. In 2019, Congress approved the reform of Brazil’s pension system, which is expected to contribute towards complying with the spending limit. However, discussions in the Brazilian Congress relating to a tax and an administrative reform remain ongoing as of the date of this annual report. In addition, governmental responses to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic may have significant effect on the fiscal position in Brazil, including reduced tax revenue and increased governmental spending to combat COVID-19 and its impacts. The Brazilian Congress has approved a legislative decree that recognizes the state of public calamity in Brazil due to the COVID-19 pandemic and such state of calamity was effective until December 31, 2020. Due to the state of public calamity, the government is not required to meet the fiscal primary balance target for 2020. In addition, a constitutional amendment has been approved by the Congress to allow the separation of expenses incurred to combat COVID-19 from the budget of the Federal Government, creating an extraordinary regime to allow the increase in public expenditures during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic without the constitutional barriers that currently restrict federal spending. The proposed constitutional amendment exempts the Federal Government from the so-called fiscal “golden rule” of balancing the budget through the end of 2020 and proposals under consideration may also include significant financial support to the budgets of states and municipalities, further increasing government spending, which is expected to further increase the fiscal deficit in Brazil. This deficit may further increase if the Brazilian government approves a new wave of financial stimulus.

Diminished confidence in the Brazilian government’s budgetary condition and fiscal stance could result in downgrades of Brazil’s sovereign debt by credit rating agencies and the rise of risk premium, negatively impacting Brazil’s economy, lead to further depreciation of the Real and an increase in inflation and interest rates. In addition, negative ratings actions could be taken by rating agencies as a result of economic and political uncertainties or other factors in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic (see “—Risks Relating to Ultrapar and Its Industries—Our businesses may be materially and adversely affected by the outbreak of communicable diseases, such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, or other epidemics or pandemics”, and other risk factors included herein). The occurrence of any of these factors could adversely affect our businesses, results of operations and financial condition.

We cannot predict which policies will be adopted by the Brazilian government, including with respect to the oil and gas industry or Petrobras’ pricing policies. Moreover, in the past, the Brazilian economy has been affected by the country’s political events, which have also affected the confidence of investors and the public in general, thereby adversely affecting the performance of the Brazilian economy. Furthermore, any indecisiveness by the Brazilian government in implementing changes to certain policies or regulations may contribute to economic uncertainty in Brazil and heightened volatility for the Brazilian securities markets and securities issued abroad by Brazilian companies. We are not able to fully estimate the impact of global and Brazilian political and macroeconomic developments on our businesses. In addition, there is substantial uncertainty regarding future economic policies, and we cannot predict which policies will be adopted by the Brazilian government and whether these policies will negatively affect the economy or our businesses or financial performance. Recent economic and political instability has led to a negative perception of the Brazilian economy and higher volatility in the Brazilian securities markets, which also may adversely affect our securities and us. Any continued economic instability and political uncertainty which results in reduced availability of credit and reduced economic growth may materially and adversely affect our businesses.

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Inflation and certain governmental measures to curb inflation may contribute significantly to economic uncertainty in Brazil and could harm our businesses and the market value of the ADSs and our shares.

In the past, Brazil has experienced extremely high rates of inflation. Inflation and some of the Brazilian government’s measures taken in an attempt to curb inflation have had significant negative effects on the Brazilian economy. Since the introduction of the Real in 1994, Brazil’s inflation rate has been substantially lower than that in previous periods. However, in the recent past, the economy has experienced increasing inflation rates and actions taken in an effort to curb inflation, coupled with economic and political impacts derived from COVID-19 crisis and speculation about possible future governmental actions, have contributed to economic uncertainty in Brazil and heightened volatility in the Brazilian securities market. According to the Índice Geral de Preços-Mercado, or IGP-M, an inflation index, the Brazilian general price inflation rates were 23.1% in 2020, 7.3% in 2019, 7.5% in 2018, -0.5% in 2017 and 7.2% in 2016. According to the Índice Nacional de Preços ao Consumidor Amplo, or IPCA, an inflation index to which Brazilian government’s inflation targets are linked, inflation in Brazil was 4.5% in 2020, 4.3% in 2019, 3.7% in 2018, 2.9% in 2017 and 6.3% in 2016. Brazil may experience high levels of inflation in the future. Our operating expenses are substantially in Reais and tend to increase with Brazilian inflation. Inflationary pressures may also hinder our ability to access foreign financial markets or may lead to further government intervention in the economy, including the introduction of government policies that could harm our businesses or adversely affect the market value of our shares and, as a result, our ADSs.

Exchange rate instability may adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and the market price of the ADSs and our shares.

Although a substantial portion of our sales is denominated in Reais, prices and certain costs in the chemical business (including but not limited to ethylene and palm kernel oil, purchased by our subsidiary Oxiteno) are benchmarked to prices prevailing in the international markets, mainly denominated in U.S. dollars. In addition, a significant portion of the products that we distribute, including LPG and fuel, have prices linked to commodity prices denominated in U.S. dollars. Therefore, we are exposed to foreign exchange rate risks that could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations as well as our capacity to service our debt. See “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk”.

During the last decades, the Brazilian government has implemented various economic plans and a number of exchange rate policies, including sudden devaluations, periodic mini-devaluations during which the frequency of adjustments has ranged from daily to monthly, floating exchange rate systems, exchange controls and dual exchange rate markets. Although over long periods depreciation of the Brazilian currency has been generally correlated with the rate of inflation in Brazil, there have historically been observed shorter periods of significant fluctuations in the exchange rate between the Brazilian currency and the U.S. dollar and other currencies, in particular in the last 10 years.

In 2016, the Real appreciated 17% against the U.S. dollar, marking the first year that it has appreciated against the U.S. dollar since 2011, despite residual political instability and continuing signs of shrinking of the Brazilian economy. This was due mostly to improvements in the Brazilian political environment, following the impeachment of former president Dilma Rouseff and certain stabilizing measures proposed by President Michel Temer as well as ongoing efforts by the government’s economic team to curb public spending and debt. In 2017, the Real depreciated 2% against the U.S. dollar reflecting the continued political instability and deterioration of the expectation of the pension reform approval, despite the slight improvement in the Brazilian macroeconomic scenario. In 2018, the Real depreciated 17%, pressured mainly by the global instability, result of economic crises in developed countries and the increase of interest rates by the Federal Reserve System in the United States. The domestic scenario, characterized by political instability due to the presidential election and the slow progress of fiscal and pension reforms, also influenced the Real depreciation during the year. In 2019, the Brazilian Central Bank reduced the interest rate to boost economic momentum after indications of low inflation. The reduction in interest rates, along with geopolitical instability – mainly the commercial conflict between the United States and China, led to pressures on the Real exchange rate in 2019. Despite the pension reform approval by the Brazilian Congress and other events that caused periods of appreciation during the year, the Real depreciated 4% against the U.S. dollar in 2019. In 2020, the Real depreciated 29% against the U.S. dollar, mainly due to the low interest rate environment in Brazil coupled with local and international market conditions, including the economic, political and other impacts of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. From December 31, 2020 to April 28, 2021, the Real depreciated 4% against the U.S. dollar, because of the same reasons mentioned above. See “Item 3.A. Key Information—Selected Consolidated Financial Data—Exchange Rates”.

There are no guarantees that the exchange rate between the Real and the U.S. dollar will stabilize at current levels, and the Real and the U.S. dollar exchange rate may be adversely impacted by the economic and fiscal scenario caused by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and governmental responses to this. Although we have contracted hedging instruments with respect to part of our existing U.S. dollar debt obligations, in order to reduce our exposure to fluctuations in the dollar/Real exchange rate, we cannot guarantee that such instruments will be adequate to fully protect us against further devaluation of the Real, and we could in the future experience monetary losses as a result. See “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” for information about our foreign exchange risk hedging policy.

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Depreciations of the Real relative to the U.S. dollar can create additional inflationary pressures in Brazil that may negatively affect us. Depreciations generally curtail access to foreign financial markets and may prompt government intervention, including recessionary governmental policies. Depreciations also reduce the U.S. dollar value of distributions and dividends on the ADSs and the U.S. dollar equivalent of the market price of our shares and, as a result, the ADSs. On the other hand, appreciation of the Real against the U.S. dollar may lead to a deterioration of the country’s current account and the balance of payments, as well as to a dampening of export-driven growth.

Economic and market conditions in other countries, including in the United States and emerging market countries, may materially and adversely affect the Brazilian economy and, therefore, our financial condition and the market price of the shares and ADSs.

The market for securities issued by Brazilian companies is influenced by economic and market conditions in Brazil, and, to varying degrees, market conditions in other countries, including the United States, other Latin American and emerging market countries. Although economic conditions are different in each country, the reaction of investors to developments in one country may cause the capital markets in other countries to fluctuate. Developments or conditions in other countries, including the United States and other emerging market countries, have at times significantly affected the availability of credit in the Brazilian economy and resulted in considerable outflows of funds and declines in the amount of foreign currency invested in Brazil, as well as limited access to international capital markets, all of which may materially and adversely affect our ability to borrow funds at an acceptable interest rate or to raise equity capital when and if we should have such a need.

In 2018, 2019 and 2020, the Brazilian market remained volatile due to, among other factors, uncertainties about the political, commercial and trading relationships between the United States and China, the increasing risk aversion to emerging market countries, and the uncertainties regarding Brazilian macroeconomic and political conditions. These uncertainties adversely affected us and the market value of our securities. In addition, we continue to be exposed to disruptions and volatility in the global financial markets because of their effects on the financial and economic environment, particularly in Brazil, such as a slowdown in the economy, an increase in the unemployment rate, a decrease in the purchasing power of consumers and the lack of credit availability. In addition, since the beginning of 2020, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant financial market volatility and uncertainty around the globe. See “Our businesses may be materially and adversely affected by the outbreak of communicable diseases, such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, or other epidemics or pandemics”.

Disruption or volatility in the global financial markets could further increase negative effects on the financial and economic environment in Brazil, which could have a material adverse effect on our businesses, results of operations and financial condition.

Our businesses, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected by a general economic downturn and by instability and volatility in the financial markets.

The turmoil of the global financial markets and the scarcity of credit in the past led to lack of consumer confidence, increased market volatility and widespread reduction of business activity. An economic downturn could materially and adversely affect the liquidity, businesses and/or financial conditions of our customers, which could in turn result not only in decreased demand for our products, but also increased delinquencies in our accounts receivable. Furthermore, an eventual new global financial crisis could have a negative impact on our cost of borrowing and on our ability to obtain future borrowings. The disruptions in the financial markets could also lead to a reduction in available trade credit due to counterparties’ liquidity concerns. If we experience a decrease in demand for our products or an increase in delinquencies in our accounts receivable, or if we are unable to obtain borrowings our businesses, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

The rapid escalation of COVID-19 pandemic across the world since the beginning of 2020 has had, and can continue to have, a number of negative impacts on our businesses, financial condition and results of operations. See “—Our businesses may be materially and adversely affected by the outbreak of communicable diseases, such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, or other epidemics or pandemics”.

Holders of our ADSs may face difficulties in serving process on or enforcing judgments against us and other relevant persons.

We are a company incorporated under the laws of Brazil. All members of our Board of Directors, executive officers and experts named in this annual report are residents of Brazil or have business address in Brazil. All or a substantial part of the assets pertaining to these individuals and to Ultrapar are located outside the United States. As a result, it is possible that investors may not be able to effect service of process upon these individuals or us in the United States or other jurisdictions outside Brazil, or enforce judgments against us or these other persons obtained in the United States or other jurisdictions outside Brazil, including for civil liability based upon United States federal securities laws or otherwise. In addition, because judgments of United States courts for civil liabilities based upon the United States federal securities laws may only be enforced in Brazil if certain conditions are met, holders may face greater difficulties in protecting their interests in the case of actions against us or our Board of Directors or executive officers than would shareholders of a United States corporation.

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Risks Relating to the Shares and the American Depositary Shares

Asserting limited voting rights as a holder of ADSs may prove more difficult than for holders of our common shares.

Under the Brazilian Corporate Law, only shareholders registered as such in our corporate books may attend shareholders’ meetings. All common shares underlying the ADSs are registered in the name of the depositary bank. A holder of ADSs, accordingly, is not entitled to attend shareholders’ meetings. A holder of ADSs is entitled to instruct the depositary bank as to how to exercise the voting rights of its common shares underlying the ADSs in accordance with procedures provided for in the Deposit Agreement, but a holder of ADSs will not be able to vote directly at a shareholders’ meeting or appoint a proxy to do so. In addition, a holder of ADSs may not have sufficient or reasonable time to provide such voting instructions to the depositary bank in accordance with the mechanisms set forth in the Deposit Agreement and custody agreement, and the depositary bank will not be held liable for failure to deliver any voting instructions to such holders.

Holders of our shares or ADSs may not receive dividends.

Under our bylaws, unless otherwise proposed by the Board of Directors and approved by the voting shareholders at our annual shareholders’ meeting, we must generally pay our shareholders a mandatory distribution equal to at least 50% of our adjusted net profit, after the allocation of 5% of the net profit to the legal reserve. However, our net income may be used to increase our capital stock, used to set off losses and/or otherwise retained in accordance with the Brazilian Corporate Law and may not be available for the payment of dividends, including in the form of interest on shareholders’ equity. Therefore, whether you receive a dividend or not depends on the amount of the mandatory distribution, if any, and whether the Board of Directors and the voting shareholders exercise their discretion to suspend these payments. See “Item 8.A. Financial Information—Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information—Dividends and Distribution Policy—Dividend Policy” for a more detailed discussion of mandatory distributions.

Holders of our shares may be unable to exercise preemptive rights with respect to the shares.

In the event that we issue new shares pursuant to a capital increase or offer rights to purchase our shares, shareholders would have preemptive rights to subscribe for the newly issued shares or rights, as the case may be, corresponding to their respective interest in our share capital, allowing them to maintain their existing shareholder percentage.

However, our bylaws establish that the Board of Directors may exclude preemptive rights to the current shareholders or reduce the time our shareholders have to exercise their rights, in the case of an offering of new shares to be sold on a registered stock exchange or otherwise through a public offering.

The holders of our shares or ADSs may be unable to exercise their preemptive rights in relation to the shares represented by the ADSs, unless we file a registration statement for the offering of rights or shares with the SEC pursuant to the United States Securities Act or an exemption from the registration requirements applies. We are not obliged to file registration statements in order to facilitate the exercise of preemptive rights and, therefore, we cannot assure ADS holders that such a registration statement will be filed. As a result, the equity interest of such holders in our Company may be diluted. If the rights or shares, as the case may be, are not registered as required, the depositary will try to sell the preemptive rights held by holder of the ADSs and you will have the right to the net sale value, if any. However, the preemptive rights will expire without compensation to you should the depositary not succeed in selling them.

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If shareholders exchange ADSs for shares, they may lose certain foreign currency remittance and Brazilian tax advantages.

The ADSs benefit from the depositary’s certificate of foreign capital registration, which permits the depositary to convert dividends and other distributions with respect to the shares into foreign currency and remit the proceeds abroad. In order to surrender ADSs for the purpose of withdrawing the shares represented thereby, investors are required to comply with National Monetary Council (“CMN”) Resolution 4,373 of September 29, 2014 (“CMN Resolution 4,373”), which requires, among other things, that investors appoint a legal representative in Brazil. If the investors fail to comply with CMN Resolution 4,373, or the legal representative appointed by the investors fail to comply with CMN Resolution 4,373 or to take action when required to do so, it could affect the investors’ ability to receive dividends or distributions relating to our shares or the return of their capital in a timely manner. Investors that are registered as CMN Resolution 4,373 investors may buy and sell their shares on the Brazilian stock exchanges without obtaining separate certificates of registration. If investors do not qualify under CMN Resolution 4,373, they will generally be subject to less favorable tax treatment on distributions with respect to the shares. The depositary’s certificate of registration or any certificate of foreign capital registration obtained by the investor may be affected by future legislative or regulatory changes, and additional Brazilian law restrictions applicable to their investment in the ADSs may be imposed in the future. For a more complete description of Brazilian tax regulations, see “Item 10.E. Additional Information—Taxation—Brazilian Tax Consequences”.

Controls and restrictions on the remittance of foreign currency could negatively affect your ability to convert and remit dividends, distributions or the proceeds from the sale of our shares, Ultrapar’s capacity to make dividend payments to non-Brazilian investors and the market price of our shares and ADSs.

Brazilian law provides that, whenever there is a serious imbalance in the Brazilian balance of payments or reasons for believing that there will be a serious imbalance in the future, the Brazilian government can impose temporary restrictions on remittances of proceeds from investments to foreign investors, including ADS holders and holders of Ultrapar shares that reside outside Brazil. The probability that the Brazilian government might impose such restrictions is related to the level of the country’s foreign currency reserves, the availability of currency in the foreign exchange markets on the date a payment is due, the amount of the Brazilian debt servicing requirement in relation to the economy as a whole, and the Brazilian policy towards the International Monetary Fund, among other factors. We are unable to give assurances that the Central Bank will not modify its policies or that the Brazilian government will not introduce restrictions or cause delays in payments by Brazilian entities of dividends relating to securities issued in the overseas capital markets. Such restrictions or delays could negatively affect your ability to convert and remit dividends, distributions or the proceeds from the sale of our shares, Ultrapar’s capacity to make dividend payments to non-Brazilian investors and the market price of our shares and the ADSs.

Changes in Brazilian tax laws may have an adverse impact on the taxes applicable to a disposition of our ADSs.

According to Law No. 10,833, enacted on December 29, 2003, the disposition of assets located in Brazil by a non-resident to either a Brazilian resident or a non-resident is subject to taxation in Brazil, regardless of whether the disposal occurs outside or within Brazil. In the event that the disposal of assets is interpreted to include a disposal of our ADSs, this tax law could result in the imposition of the withholding income tax on a disposal of our ADSs between non-residents of Brazil. See “Item 10.E. Additional Information—Taxation—Brazilian Tax Consequences—Taxation of Gains”.

Substantial sales of our shares or our ADSs could cause the price of our shares or our ADSs to decrease.

Shareholders of Ultra S.A. and Parth, which own 34.5% of our outstanding shares, have the right to exchange their shares of Ultra S.A. and Parth for shares of Ultrapar and freely trade them in the market as more fully described under “Item 7.A. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Major Shareholders—Shareholders’ Agreements”. Other shareholders, who may freely sell their respective shares, hold a substantial portion of our remaining shares. A sale of a significant number of shares could negatively affect the market value of the shares and ADSs. The market price of our shares and the ADSs could drop significantly if the holders of shares or the ADSs sell them or the market perceives that they intend to sell them.

There may be adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. Holders if we are or become a PFIC under the Code.

If we were characterized as a PFIC, in any year during which a U.S. Holder holds our shares or ADSs, certain adverse U.S. federal tax income consequences could apply to that person. Based on the manner in which we currently operate our businesses, the projected composition of our income and valuation of our assets, and the current interpretation of the PFIC rules, including the Commodity Exception, we do not believe that we were a PFIC in 2020 and we do not expect to be a PFIC in the foreseeable future. However, because PFIC classification is a factual determination made annually and is subject to change and differing interpretations, there can be no assurance that we will not be considered a PFIC for the current taxable year or any subsequent taxable year. U.S. Holders should carefully read “Item 10.E. Additional Information — Taxation — U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations” for a description of the PFIC rules and consult their tax advisors regarding the likelihood and consequences of us being treated as a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

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ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

A. History and Development of the Company

We were incorporated on December 20, 1953, with our origins going back to 1937, when Ernesto Igel founded Ultragaz and pioneered the use of LPG as cooking gas in Brazil, using bottles acquired from Companhia Zeppelin. The gas stove began to replace the traditional wood stove, and to a lesser degree, kerosene and coal, which dominated Brazilian kitchens at the time.

We are a company incorporated under the laws of Brazil. Our principal executive office is located at Brigadeiro Luis Antônio Avenue, 1343, 9 th Floor, 01317-910, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Our telephone number is +55 (11) 3177 7014. Our internet website address is http://ri.ultra.com.br. Unless expressly incorporated by reference into this annual report, including the exhibits and schedules filed herewith, the contents of our website are not incorporated by reference into this annual report. Our agent for service of process in the United States is C.T. Corporation System, located at 111 Eighth Avenue, New York, New York 10011.

Our main businesses are described as follows:

Ultragaz

When Ultragaz began its operations, it served only the Southeast region of Brazil. Currently, Ultragaz operates nationwide in the distribution of both bottled and bulk LPG, including the most highly populated states in Brazil, such as São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Bahia, and may sell bottled LPG through independent dealers. Bulk LPG is serviced through Ultragaz own infrastructure.

In 1995, Ultragaz introduced UltraSystem – a small bulk distribution system – to residential, commercial and industrial segments, and started the process of geographical expansion through the construction of new LPG filling and satellite plants.

In 2003, Ultragaz acquired Shell Gás, Royal Dutch Shell plc’s LPG operations in Brazil. With this acquisition, Ultragaz became the Brazilian market leader in LPG, with a 24% share of the Brazilian market on that date. In 2011, Ultragaz acquired Repsol’s LPG distribution business in Brazil.

Ultracargo

In the decade of 1960, t he market demand for high-quality and safe transportation services led to our entrance in the transportation of chemicals, petrochemicals and LPG segment. In 1978, Tequimar was founded for the purpose of operating the terminals business. Later, Tequimar was acquired by Ultracargo, which is currently the largest provider of liquid bulk storage in Brazil.

In 2005, Ultracargo started up a new terminal in Santos, its second port terminal, that integrates road, rail and maritime transportation systems. In 2008, Ultracargo acqui red 100% of the shares of União Terminais held by Unipar, with port terminals in Santos and Rio de Janeiro, as well as the 50% stake held by Unipar in União Vopak total capital stock, the owner of a port terminal in Paranaguá. The combination of its operations with those of União Terminais doubled the size of Ultracargo in terms of EBITDA and made it the largest liquid bulk storage company in Brazil, strengthening its operating scale. With this acquisition, Ultracargo increased its presence at the port of Santos, the largest Brazilian port, and is now strategically positioned in the ports of Rio de Janeiro and Paranaguá, where the company did not previously have operations.

In 2009, Ultracargo acquired Puma Storage do Brasil Ltda., a storage terminal for liquid bulk located at the port of Suape, in the state of Pernambuco. In 2012, Ultracargo acquired Temmar from Temmar Netherlands B.V. and Noble Netherlands B.V., subsidiaries of Noble Group. Temmar owned a terminal in the port of Itaqui, in the state of Maranhão.

In March 2018, Tequimar a cqui red 100% of the quotas of TEAS, owned by Raízen Energia S.A. and Raízen Araraquara Açúcar e Álcool Ltda., whose assets had already been operated by Tequimar in the port of Santos.

In April 2019, as a result of the completion of a public bid process, Ultracargo was awarded the concession rights of a specific area in the port of Vila do Conde, in Barcarena, state of Pará, with the commitment that Ultracargo builds and operates a minimum storage capacity of 59 thousand cubic meters. The new terminal is expected to start its operations in early 2022, enhancing our presence in the North region of Brazil in a strategic location with privileged infrastructure. Ultracargo is expected to invest approximately R$300 million in the construction of the Vila do Conde terminal.

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Oxiteno

We were also one of the pioneers in developing the Brazilian petrochemicals industry with the creation of Oxiteno in 1970, whose first plant was located in the Mauá petrochemical complex in São Paulo metropolitan area. In 1974, Oxiteno inaugurated its second industrial unit, in the Camaçari petrochemical complex in Bahia. In 1986, Oxiteno established its own research and development center in order to respond to specific customer needs. In 2002, Oxiteno completed a tender offer for the acquisition of the shares of its subsidiary Oxiteno Nordeste, through the acquisition of approximately 73.3% of the shares held by minority shareholders. Oxiteno increased its share ownership in Oxiteno Nordeste from 97% to 98.9%.

In 2003, we concluded the acquisition of Canamex, later renamed Oxiteno Mexico, a Mexican specialty chemicals company. In 2004, we acquired the operational assets of Rhodia Especialidades S.A. de C.V. in Mexico. Both acquisitions had the target of establishing a stronger presence in the Mexican petrochemical market and to create a production and distribution platform to serve the United States market.

In 2007, Oxiteno acquired Arch Química Andina, C.A., at such time, the sole producer of ethoxylates in Venezuela, which had been the only ethylene oxide producing country in Latin America where Oxiteno did not have operations. The company was later renamed Oxiteno Andina. In October 2019, Oxiteno Andina was sold to a buyer in Venezuela, motivated by the operational and economic environment in the country.

In 2012, Oxiteno acquired a specialty chemicals plant in the United States. The plant is located in Pasadena, Texas, one of the most important chemical hubs in the world, benefiting from attractive feedstock conditions, including competitive natural gas-based raw materials, and highly efficient logistics infrastructure. In September 2018, Oxiteno completed the construction of the new alkoxylation unit in the same site in Texas, US. The unit expand ed Oxiteno’s footprint in the United States, focusing on local markets of agrochemicals, personal care, household and industrial cleaning, coatings and oil and gas.

In 2012, Oxiteno acquired American Chemical I.C.S.A. (currently Oxiteno Uruguay), a Uruguayan specialty chemicals company. Oxiteno Uruguay’s production capacity is 81 thousand tons per year, particularly sulfonate and sulfate surfactants for the home and personal care industries.

As of December 2019, Oxiteno Nordeste was merged into Oxiteno. All activities of Oxiteno Nordeste were assumed by Oxiteno.

Oxiteno continued the expansion of its international activities, initiated in 2003 with the opening of commercial offices outside Brazil. In 2006, Oxiteno opened its first commercial office outside Brazil, in Buenos Aires, Argentina – Oxiteno Argentina S.R.L. In 2008, Oxiteno inaugurated its first sales office in Europe and the third outside Brazil in Brussels, Belgium, as part of Oxiteno’s internationalization strategy. In 2012, Oxiteno opened a commercial office in Shanghai, China – Oxiteno Shanghai Trading LTD.

Ipiranga

In 2007, Ultrapar, Petrobras and Braskem announced their intent to acquire the Ipiranga Group, and Ultrapar entered into, and Petrobras and Braskem acknowledged, the Ipiranga Group SPA with the Key Shareholders of the principal companies comprising the Ipiranga Group. Later in 2007, Ultrapar acquired the control of the Southern Distribution Business, EMCA and a one-third stake in RPR, in connection with the acquisition of the Ipiranga Group. Following the acquisition, Ultrapar, which was already Brazil’s largest LPG distributor, became the second largest fuel distributor in the country, with a 14% market share in 2007, according to ANP.

After the completion of the acquisition of Ipiranga Group, its businesses were divided among Petrobras, Ultrapar and Braskem. Ultrapar retained the fuel and lubricant distribution businesses located in the South and Southeast regions of Brazil; Petrobras received the fuel and lubricant distribution businesses located in the North, Northeast and Midwest regions of Brazil; Petrobras and Braskem received the Petrochemical Business, in the proportion of 60% for Braskem and 40% for Petrobras. For a more detailed discussion of the acquisition of Ipiranga Group, see our Form F-4 filed with the Commission on December 17, 2007.

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In 2008, Ipiranga entered into a sale and purchase agreement with Chevron for the acquisition of 100% of the shares of CBL and Galena. The combination with Texaco created a nationwide fuel distribution business, strengthening its competitiveness through a larger operational scale. After completion of the acquisition, Ipiranga implemented its business plan, which consisted of two main work streams (i) the integration of operations, administrative and financial functions of Texaco, and (ii) the implementation of Ipiranga’s business model in the expanded network, with a wider range of products and services and a differentiated approach to its resellers. By the end of 2012, Ipiranga had also converted all the acquired Texaco branded stations into the Ipiranga brand.

In 2009, a capital increase of R$15 million was approved at an e xtraordinary general shareholders’ meeting of RPR through the issuance of 15 million new common and preferred shares and the admission of new shareholders in its capital stock, as part of the acquisition of the Ipiranga Group. As a result, RPR ceased to be a wholly owned subsidiary of Ultrapar. Ultrapar retains a non-controlling equity interest of 33% in RPR.

In 2010, Ipiranga acquired 100% of the shares of DNP. DNP distributed fuels in the states of Amazonas, Rondônia, Roraima, Acre, Pará and Mato Grosso through a network of 110 service stations, with 4% market share in 2009 in the North of Brazil.

In 2012, Ipiranga entered the segment of electronic payment for tolls, parking and fuels through ConectCar. ConectCar fits into Ipiranga’s strategy of differentiation, offering more products and services in its service station network focused on convenience and practicality, generating benefits for its clients, retailers and for the company itself. In 2015, Redecard S.A. acquired 50% of ConectCar from a former partner. This new partner provided opportunities to ConectCar expand its services to new markets, continuing with its purpose of offering customers mobility, convenience, flexibility and, above all, differentiated benefits.

In 2016, Ipiranga entered into an association agreement with Chevron to create a new company in the lubricants business, Iconic; of which Ipiranga and Chevron hold 56% and 44%, respectively. Operations commenced on December 1, 2017.

In March 2019, Ipiranga was awarded the concession of specific areas in Vitória (ES) and Cabedelo (PB) through the consortia Nordeste and Navegantes, in which Ipiranga holds one third of the total participation, together with BR and Raízen. The concessions require the consortia to build and operate a minimum storage capacity for the Nordeste consortium of 64 thousand cubic meters and initial operations are expected to start in 2021, while the minimum storage capacity of the Navegantes consortium is 66 thousand cubic meters, with initial operation currently expected during 2022. In April 2019, Ipiranga won two concessions in the port of Miramar, in Belém (PA): (i) area BEL02A, through a consortium 50% owned by Ipiranga and 50% owned by Raízen, with a minimum storage capacity of 41 thousand cubic meters, and (ii) area BEL04A, which is currently operated by Ipiranga, therefore maintaining its operation in the region, with minimum storage capacity of 23 thousand cubic meters. These were strategic moves for Ipiranga, which improves logistics efficiency of fuels distribution through its own storage capacity and contributes to better quality services in the respective regions.

In 2020, Ipiranga’s convenience stores AmPm began the implementation of a comprehensive project for reviewing their business model, involving the repositioning of the brand, a revision of the product sales mix, new store layout and the development of sales through digital channels. In addition to the existing franchise model, AmPm began to manage its company-operated stores during the year. Th ese initiative s a re intended to strengthen the franchise model, achieve operational excellence, boost profits of AmPm operations and test new trends in the business model.

Extrafarma

Benefitting from almost 6 0 years of activity in the wholesale and retail of pharmaceutical products, Extrafarma is a leading drugstore chain in the main regions in which it operates. In 2013, Ultrapar and the former shareholders of Extrafarma entered into an association agreement with Extrafarma, one of Brazil’s top ten drugstores chains, marking our entry in the retail pharmacy business. According to the terms of the agreement, Ultrapar and Extrafarma entered into a merger of shares, pursuant to which Ultrapar acquired 100% of the shares of Extrafarma in exchange for up to 2.9% of shares issued by Ultrapar to Extrafarma’s shareholders. Extrafarma became a wholly owned subsidiary of Ultrapar from February 1, 2014 onwards. The total consideration of the Extrafarma transaction consisted of the issuance of up to 32,056,262 shares of Ultrapar and the assumption by Ultrapar of Extrafarma’s net debt of R$106 million as of December 31, 2012.

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Ultrapar received from the former seven shareholders of Extrafarma all of the shares of Extrafarma in exchange for 24,042,200 newly issued shares of Ultrapar, in accordance with Art. 252 of the Brazilian Corporate Law, increasing our issued share capital to 1,112,810,192 shares. In addition, as a mechanism for possible adjustments related to contingencies whose triggering events occurred prior to the closing of the transaction, we issued subscription warrants to the former Extrafarma shareholders that, if exercised, could potentially lead to the issuance of up to 8,014,062 shares, subject to adjustment based on numerous factors. Of the total possible shares that could be issued to the former Extrafarma shareholders upon exercise of the subscription warrants, they could receive up to 6,411,244 shares of Ultrapar based on absence of indemnification obligations.

In February 2020, August 2020 and February 2021, the subscription warrants were partially exercised, with an issuance of 2,108,542, 86,978 and 70,939 common shares, respectively, to former Extrafarma shareholders. Therefore, as of the date of this annual report, the exercise of the remaining subscription warrants by the former Extrafarma shareholders could potentially lead to issuance of up to 3,567,069 additional shares of Ultrapar. The number of shares were adjusted to reflect the stock split issued by the Company on April 10, 2019.

abastece aí

In July 2020, Ultrapar announced the creation of a business in the digital payment segment, combining the abastece aí (“fill up here”) app and the loyalty program “Km de Vantagens” (Km of Advantages Program). The application also offers discounts and cashback at a growing network of retail partners. This initiative is designed to accelerate the value creation of these platforms and the expansion of the services provided, with the potential for creating a digital ecosystem of sizeable proportions and capillarity. From August 2020, when the new app was launched, to December 2020, more than 2.3 million digital accounts have been created with the total number of transactions processed surpassing R$3.5 billion, indicating rapid consumer acceptance, as well as the growth potential of the business.

As a result of this initiative, the abastece aí app and the Km de Vantagens program became part of a new independent company of the Ultra Group, that operates under the brand abastece aí.

Corporate events

On October 6, 1999, we concluded our initial public offering, listing our shares simultaneously on B3 and NYSE. In 2000, Ultra S.A.’s shareholders signed an agreement, assuring equal treatment of all shareholders (holders of both common and/or preferred shares) in the event of any change in control – tag along rights. The agreement determined that any transfer of control of Ultrapar, either directly or indirectly, would only be executed in conjunction with a public offer by the acquiring entity to purchase the shares of all shareholders in the same proportion and under the same price and payment terms as those offered to the controlling shareholders. In December 2002, we completed a corporate restructuring process that had begun in October 2002. The effects of the corporate restructuring were (i) the merger of Gipóia Ltda., a company which held a 23% direct stake in Ultragaz and was owned by Ultra S.A., into Ultrapar, increasing our ownership in Ultragaz to 99.6% and (ii) the exchange of shares issued by Oxiteno for shares issued by Ultrapar.

In January 2008, Ultrapar significantly increased the liquidity of its shares through the issuance of 55 million preferred shares, as a consequence of the Share Exchange. The Share Exchange increased Ultrapar’s free float from 32 million shares to 87 million shares, with the free float reaching 64% of the Company’s total capital. The significant increase in the size of the free float helped Ultrapar to become part of Ibovespa, one of B3 index.

In April 2011, our Board of Directors approved the submission to our shareholders a proposal to (a) convert any and all shares of preferred stock issued by the Company into common shares, on a 1:1 conversion ratio; (b) amend the Company’s bylaws, modifying several of its provisions, aiming to strengthen the Company’s corporate governance; and (c) adhere to the Novo Mercado segment rules. Our shareholders approved all the proposals and, in August 2011, Ultrapar’s shares began trading on the Novo Mercado under ticker symbol UGPA3. Simultaneously, Ultrapar’s ADSs, formerly represented by preferred shares, began representing Ultrapar’s common shares and began trading on the NYSE under this new format.

In April 2019, the Company’s Extraordinary and Annual General Meeting approved a stock split of Ultrapar’s common shares, whereby one existing share now represents two shares of the same class and type. The stock split did not alter Ultrapar’s total share capital and was effective on April 24, 2019.

During 2019, we created a Shared Services Center to centralize certain activities that were previously executed by our holding company operations and to include new activities that were previously executed by our businesses. This Shared Services Center, located in the city of Campinas (SP), started operating in January 2020 to deliver high quality services (with s ervice l evel a greements) to the businesses while reducing the costs of our back-office activities and allowing our businesses to focus on their core activities.

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In March 2020, we announced the creation of Ultra Venture Capital. Ultrapar intends to invest up to R$150 million in start-ups, to be called over a 5-year period. W e believe that Ultra Venture Capital will help us to have greater access to innovative and disruptive technologies, as well as entrepreneurial mindset and talent, among other benefits.

In August 2020, Ultra S.A. and Parth entered into the 2020 Shareholders’ Agreement to include P á tria, in its capacity as Ultra S.A.'s shareholder then holding a 20% stake in Ultra S.A.'s capital stock, as consenting intervening party, therefore bound by the provisions of the 2020 Shareholders' Agreement. The 2020 Shareholders’ Agreement replaced the 2018 Shareholders’ Agreement in its entirety, and the terms and conditions remain substantially the same of the latter. The agreement sets forth a set of rules to govern the relationship between Ultra S.A. and Parth and binds a total of shares representing 34.5% of the Company’s capital stock. The agreement aims to reinforce the principles that have been governing the actions of Ultra S.A. and Parth, in their capacity of Ultrapar’s shareholders, and to allow the Company to be managed in a professional and independent manner. See “Item 7.A. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Major Shareholders—Shareholders’ Agreements”.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had, and continues to have, a material impact on businesses around the world, including ours, and the economic and political environments in which businesses operate. Our results of operations had been and still may be impacted by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. See “Item 3.D. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Ultrapar and Its Industries— Our businesses may be materially and adversely affected by the outbreak of communicable diseases, such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, or other epidemics or pandemics”, and other risk factors included herein and “ Item 5.D. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Trend Information” below.

Leadership

In June 2017, Ultrapar announced changes to its executive officers approved by its Board of Directors. As of October 2017, Frederico Curado replaced Thilo Mannhardt and assumed the position of Chief Executive Officer.

As part of a planned succession process, consistent with the Company’s governance, in May 2018, Paulo Guilherme Aguiar Cunha, after more than four decades of contributions, resigned as a member of the Board of Directors and Pedro Wongtschowski, Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of Ultrapar between 2007 and 2012, was elected Chairman. Mr. Lucio de Castro Andrade Filho, who joined the Company in 1977 and has been a member of the Board of Directors since 1998, was elected for the position of Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors.

Other important succession movements took place at the senior management level, with the nomination of Rodrigo de Almeida Pizzinatto, Tabajara Bertelli Costa, Marcelo Pereira Malta de Araújo and Décio de Sampaio Amaral as Presidents of Extrafarma, Ultragaz, Ipiranga and Ultracargo, respectively, equally aligned to a planned succession process which blended internal promotions with the attraction of external talents.

In September 2020, the Board of Directors elected Rodrigo Pizzinatto, Chief Executive Officer of Extrafarma at that time, as our Chief Financial and Investor Relations Officer, after the resignation of André Pires de Oliveira Dias. In October 2020, Marcelo Bazzali was nominate d as Chief Executive Officer of Extrafarma.

Ultracargo—Fire at storage facilities in Santos

In 2015, a fire occurred in six ethanol and gasoline tanks operated by Ultracargo in Santos, which represented 4% of the subsidiary’s overall capacity as of December 31, 2014. The Civil and Federal Police s investigated the accident and its impacts, and concluded that it was not possible to determine the cause of the accident or to individualize active or passive conduct related to the cause, and there was no criminal charge against either any individual or Ultracargo, by either authority. Notwithstanding, on February 21, 2018, the Federal Criminal Court of Santos accepted a criminal indictment filed by the Federal Public Prosecutor’s Office against Tequimar, which has already presented its defense against these charges, after being summoned in June 2018.

In 2017, Ultracargo obtained the licensing required for the return to operation of 67.5 thousand cubic meters of the total of 151.5 thousand cubic meters affected by the fire. The remaining tanks (84 thousand cubic meters) resumed operations between July and September 2019.

In 2019, Ultracargo signed a partial Conduct Adjustment Agreement (“TAC”) with the Federal Public Prosecutor’s Office and the State Public Prosecutor’s Office in the amount of R$67.5 million for the implementation of actions to offset the impacts caused to the Santos estuary following the fire at the Ultracargo terminal in 2015. Negotiations of indemnification for other alleged environmental damages are still in progress with the Federal Public Prosecutor’s Office and the State Public Prosecutor’s Office and, once finalized, Ultracargo may need to make future disbursements that are not currently provisioned, which may adversely affect our results of operations.

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In addition, Ultracargo agreed to a deferred prosecution agreement on September 12, 2019. Pursuant to the terms of the deferred prosecution agreement, the prosecution by the 5th Federal Criminal Court of Santos was initially suspended until September 2021 and Ultracargo agreed to an additional compensation of R$13 million to a social project in Santos. At the end of the suspension period ending in September 2021, if the conditions specified in the deferred prosecution agreement are complied with (comprising compliance with the TAC and the payment of the R$13 million in respect of the social project), then the criminal proceeding will be closed by the court.

Therefore, as of the date of this annual report, a suspension of the criminal proceeding is in effect, and the measures pursuant to an agreement signed between Ultracargo and the Public Prosecutor´s Office in relation to certain alleged environmental damages are in the process of being implemented.

As a result of the evolution of the regulation process with insurers, as of December 31, 2016, the Company recorded insurance receivables in the amount of R$366.7 million and indemnities to customers and third parties in the amount of R$99.9 million in its balance sheet. In the first quarter of 2017, Ultracargo received the full amount from the insurers. On December 31, 20 20 and December 31, 2019, there w ere no remaining amount for indemnities to customers and third parties recorded in its balance sheet. In addition, on December 31, 20 20, there were contingent liabilities not recognized related to lawsuits in the amount of R$4.4 million (R$11.4 million as of December 31, 201 9), and no remaining amount of contingent liabilities related to extrajudicial lawsuits as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

See “Item 8.A. Financial Information—Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information—Legal Proceedings”.

Recent Developments

Issuance of common shares

On February 24, 2021, our Board of Directors approved the issuance of 70,939 common shares within the limits of the authorized capital stock pursuant to Article 6 of the Company’s Bylaws, due to the partial exercise of the subscription warrants issued by the Company to the former Extrafarma shareholders in connection with the merger of shares of Extrafarma in 2014. As of the date of this annual report, the Company’s capital stock is represented by 1,115,076,651 common shares, all of them nominative and with no par value.

Issuance of debentures

On March 19, 2021, our subsidiary Tequimar Vila do Conde Logística Portuária S.A. completed its first issuance of R$36 0 million nonconvertible unsecured debentures due on March 15, 2028. The debentures bear semiannual interest of IPCA plus 4.04%. The issuer hedged it s exposition by swapping the IPCA to 111.4% of DI.

On March 26, 2021, our subsidiary Terminal Químico de Aratu S.A. – Tequimar completed its second issuance of R$100 million nonconvertible unsecured debentures due on March 15, 2028. The debentures bear semiannual interest of IPCA plus 4.37%. The issuer hedged it s exposition by swapping the IPCA to 111.4% of DI.

Port concessions

On April 9, 202 1, Ultracargo was awarded the concession of IQI13 area in the Itaqui port, state of Maranhão, for storage and handling of liquid bulk products, specially fuels. The minimum installed capacity will be 79 thousand cubic meters. The area will be operated by Ultracargo for at least 20 years, according to the auction notice. The estimated investments regarding this port concession is approximately R$310 million, to be disbursed throughout the next six years.

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Investments

For a description of our principal capital expenditures and divestitures for the last three financial years ended December 31, 2020, please see "Item 5.B. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects – Business Overview – Liquidity and Capital Resources".

B. Business Overview

Ultrapar is a Brazilian company with its origins in 1937 when Ernesto Igel founded Ultragaz. Since then, Ultrapar has grown and expanded to new markets, becoming one of the largest corporate groups in Brazil. As of the date of this annual report, Ultrapar owns the following main businesses: Ipiranga, Ultragaz and Ultracargo (oil & gas downstream segment), Oxiteno (specialty chemicals), Extrafarma (retail pharmacy) and abas t e c e aí (digital payments).

The following chart simplifies our organizational structure as of the date hereof, showing our main business units. For more detailed information about our current organizational structure, see “Item 4.C. Information on the Company—Organizational Structure”.

Our Strengths

Leading market positions across our main businesses

Ultragaz is the largest LPG distributor in Brazil. In 2020, Ultragaz’s market share was 23.1%, according to ANP, and served approximately 11 million households in the bottled segment through a network of approximately 5.1 thousand independent retailers and 58 thousand customers in the bulk segment. For the year ended December 31, 2020, Ultragaz’s total volume of LPG sold was 1.7 million tons.

Ultracargo is the largest private company in the liquid bulk storage industry in Brazil, with six terminals and storage capacity of 838 thousand cubic meters as of December 31, 2020, providing it with leading positions in the main ports in Brazil in which it operates.

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Oxiteno is a major producer of specialty chemicals and one of the largest producers of ethylene oxide and its principal derivatives in Latin America, according to IHS Chemical. Oxiteno has eleven industrial units: six in Brazil, three in Mexico, one in the United States and one in Uruguay and commercial offices in Argentina, Belgium, China and Colombia. Our chemical operations supply a broad range of market segments, particularly crop protection chemicals, food, cosmetics, detergents, packaging for beverages, thread and polyester filaments, brake fluids, o il & g as and paints and coatings. For the year ended December 31, 2020, Oxiteno sold 753 thousand tons of chemical products. In Brazil, Oxiteno competes mainly against imports.

Ipiranga is one of the largest fuel distributors in Brazil with a 1 8.5% market share in 20 20, according to ANP, and a network of 7,107 service stations as of December 31, 20 20. In addition to the service stations, Ipiranga’s network has 1,804 AmPm convenience stores and 1,17 2 Jet Oil franchises. In 20 20, Ipiranga’s strategy was focused on strengthening its resale operations and increasing its performance. The implementation of Ipiranga’s business model—including its network of convenience stores and loyalty programs—in its network of service stations allows it to offer a wide range of products and services, benefiting consumers and resellers. The volume of fuel sold (ethanol, gasoline and diesel) by Ipiranga in 20 20 was 20.8 million cubic meters.

Robust and resilient business portfolio

Our operations encompass LPG and fuel distribution, liquid bulk storage services, the production of ethylene oxide and its derivatives and operation of a drugstore chain. We believe our businesses provide us with increased financial capability and flexibility. We also believe that our businesses mix makes us less vulnerable to economic fluctuations and allows us to pursue growth opportunities as they arise in any of our business segments.

Ultrapar’s businesses are simultaneously resilient and leveraged on Brazilian economic growth. Some of Ultrapar’s businesses, such as the sale of LPG for residential use and fuels for light vehicles, are relatively resilient due to their inelastic demand profile and, therefore, are less volatile in economic downturns. Bottled LPG is an essential good, as it is mainly used for cooking, and, therefore, is generally less correlated to economic performance. Volume of fuels for light vehicles tends to grow linked to the number of light vehicles in Brazil. The Brazilian light vehicle fleet grew at rates ranging from 0.5% to 2.4% per year during the last five years, despite the volatility in the economic growth during this period.

On the other hand, other businesses of Ultrapar, such as sales of diesel fuel, specialty chemicals and bulk LPG are linked to the economic performance and tend to experience higher sales volumes during periods of strong economic growth. Sales growth of these products have been historically correlated to the performance of the Brazilian economy.

Highly efficient LPG distribution network

Ultragaz maintains an exclusive network of independent dealers, which has enabled it to control the quality and productivity of its dealers, leading to a recognition that we believe is associated with quality, safety and efficiency, and also to have frequent contact with LPG customers. This network constituted approximately 5.1 thousand resellers that sell Ultragaz LPG bottles as of December 31, 2020. In addition, in April 1995, Ultragaz was the first player to introduce LPG small bulk delivery in Brazil, with lower distribution costs than bottled distribution. Over the years, it has built a strong client base in this segment.

Flexibility across the petrochemical cycle

Oxiteno is one of the largest producers of ethylene oxide and its principal derivatives in Latin America. In 2020, 99% of its ethylene oxide production was used domestically in the production of ethylene oxide derivatives, which can be roughly classified in two groups: specialty and commodity chemicals. Oxiteno is a major producer of specialty chemicals, which have traditionally higher margins and less exposure to petrochemical cycles than commodity chemicals. Oxiteno has also been heavily investing in the development of products derived from renewable raw materials, aiming at reducing its dependence on oil-based feedstock and expanding its product portfolio.

Efficiencies in retail network logistics in addition to resale management know-how

W e believe that the expertise in logistics and resale management that we have gained at Ultragaz is complemented by Ipiranga’s know-how in the same areas, thus maximizing efficiency and profitability at both companies.

Robust retail network

Ultrapar’s strategy for its retail operations is strongly focused on profitability and productivity through the expansion of Ipiranga’s logistics infrastructure coupled with differentiation and innovation initiatives. At Ipiranga, this focus has translated to the creation of new market niches through its reseller network characterized by customer service and convenience, thus contributing to high levels of customer loyalty. We believe these initiatives result in a better value proposition for customers and resellers, creating benefits for the whole chain – the client has access to differentiated, more convenient products and services; the reseller has a more attractive business; and the service station has a differentiated positioning, contributing to the evolution of the company’s results.

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A s part of its differentiation strategy, Ipiranga launched in 2010 bakeries within its AmPm stores. Our bakeries serve fresh products like bread, coffee, snacks and hot meals through more than 150 items, including AmPm branded products. As of December 31, 2020, 810 bakeries were operating within Ipiranga’s AmPm stores.

In 2014, Ipiranga launched a vertical and integrated supply solution, concentrating logistics, sales and service of AmPm convenience stores under a single corporate structure: AmPm Suprimentos. This initiative aims to streamline AmPm operations, improve the franchisees’ competitiveness and ensure a higher quality product assortment, creating value for clients and franchisees. As of December 31, AmPm 2020, AmPm Suprimentos operated four distribution centers located in the states of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul, which supply AmPm convenience stores in those states with the main categories of products, except tobacco and ice cream.

Also, in 2014, Ipiranga launched Beer Cave, a new beer purchase experience at its AmPm convenience stores. The Beer Cave is a walk-in refrigerated container aimed at the retail consumer that stores more than 100 national and international brands of cold beers ready for consumption. As of December 31, 2020, there were 480 Beer Caves installed in Ipiranga’s franchisees.

In addition, in 2015, Ipiranga opened a new AmPm configuration in São Paulo: an expanded concept of convenience comparable to small neighborhood supermarkets for urban service stations, with supply of fresh products – like fruits, vegetables, meats, flowers and a wider range of fast meals. Ipiranga also launched a flagship store, AmPm Estação, in the state of São Paulo, a model developed for highway service stations to provide long distances travelers with a broader array of convenience and personal care products.

Distinguished positioning in the fuel distribution sector

We believe that Ipiranga differentiates itself from its competition in the sector by having a more diverse array of products and services and thereby being a more convenient choice for customers. These services and products include convenience stores, lubricant-changing service shops, electronic payment, bakeries, loyalty program, Ipiranga-branded credit cards, and a set of initiatives that aim at enhancing customer’s convenience and loyalty.

Cost-efficient operations

Oxiteno’s operations have a high degree of production efficiency derived from a scale that we believe is similar to the largest producers in the world. Ultragaz has significant market presence in densely populated areas, which allows it to operate its filling plants and distribution system with a high level of capacity utilization and efficiency with depth and capillarity. Ipiranga also has a significant market presence in the South and Southeast regions of Brazil, which allows it to operate its extensive network of primary and secondary storage terminals and its distribution system in a cost-efficient manner. Also, the increased scale of Ipiranga allowed improve ment s in efficiency and competitiveness in the distribution and sales processes, dilution of advertising, marketing and new product development expenses, and gains from economies of scale in administrative functions. Ultracargo is the largest independent liquid bulk storage company in Brazil and the only player in the liquid bulk storage sector present in more than six major ports. Such position provides Ultracargo with increased operational flexibility, operational efficiency and economies of scale.

Strong corporate governance structure

We are led by a strong and experienced management team with a proven track record in the LPG and fuel distribution, retail, petrochemical and specialized logistics industries. Our senior management team has on average 15 years of experience in the Company.

Our Board of Directors consist of 11 members. Since April 2019 our Board of Directors has been subject to an important renewal process that resulted in the election of seven new members. We believe these new members bring complementary exper tise and experience for the discussions and decisions of our Board of Directors. In September 2020 the Board of Directors’ size was increased by one additional seat. All members of the Board of Directors have previous experience serving on boards of other large companies in Brazil such as Embraer S.A., Itaú Unibanco Holding S.A., Lojas Renner S.A. among others.

Also, we strengthened our management structure and governance. In addition to the People Committee in place since 2011, we also set up a Strategy Committee in 2019 and restructured the Audit and Risks Committee in the same year, which since then has independent board members.

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At the business level, we have installed in 2019 Advisory Boards, formed by Ultrapar’s CEO and CFO and at least one external specialist in the respective sector of activity. The Advisory Boards have contributed to raise the quality of supervision and monitoring of each business through deeper analysis of strategy, investments, people and results. This structure allowed for a better organization of the strategic agenda and a deeper understanding of the issues for decision making.

Alignment of interests

M embers of Ultrapar’s management receive variable short-term compensation linked to performance based on EBITDA and operating cash flow goals defined for each business and for Ultrapar, in addition to individual goals associated with the business' operational and commercial performance, the development of people, projects and other objectives, always in line with the strategic plan approved by the Board of Directors. The Economic Value Added (EVA®) continues to be our key metric for long-term compensation plan, in addition to our stock plan, through which the Company's executives are also shareholders of Ultrapar.

Moreover, Ultrapar has consistently implemented improvements in corporate governance, such as being the first Brazilian company to grant 100% tag along rights to all its shareholders, the segregation of the roles of Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors and its emphasis on maintaining transparency and consistency in its interactions with investors.

In 2011, Ultrapar completed the implementation of a new corporate governance structure, further aligning our shareholders’ interests by converting all preferred shares into common voting shares. The conversion resulted in all of our shares having identical voting rights, which allows our shareholders to actively participate in the decisions of shareholders’ meetings, without (i) any limitations on voting rights, (ii) special treatment to current shareholders, (iii) mandatory public tender offers at a premium to market prices once a certain beneficial ownership threshold is crossed or (iv) any other poison pill provisions.

Strong operational track record

Our Company has exhibited a solid operational track record. Our EBITDA presented an average compound annual growth of 15% from 1998 to 2020, despite the overall macroeconomic volatility in Brazil and in the world during this same period. See “Item 3.A. Key Information—Selected Consolidated Financial Data” for more information about EBITDA. Our net income attributable to shareholders of the Company presented an average compound annual growth of 15% from 1998 to 2020.

Our Strategies

Continue to invest in the oil & gas value chain in Brazil

We plan to invest in opportunities in the oil & gas value chain in Brazil in the next years. We believe that our experience as a leading player in three segments of the oil & gas downstream industry represents a key advantage. On January 19, 2021, Petrobras announced the approval of our proposal for the acquisition of Refap. We are currently negotiating the terms and conditions of Refap’s sale with Petrobras, and the closing of this transaction is subject to several factors and conditions beyond our control. Accordingly, we cannot assure that we will be able to complete the acquisition of Refap on attractive terms or at all.

In addition, in March 2021, Brazil’s lower house of Congress approved a new regulatory framework for the natural gas sector, in order to increase competition in the sector. The proposed new regulation intends to further open up the natural gas market to private competition and to foster investments in the segment. The pre-salt oil fields in Brazil have substantial proven reserves of natural gas, which will require investments in infrastructure, distribution, processing facilities and commercialization.

The potential acquisition of Refap and further investments in the natural gas sector may present opportunities for Ultrapar to strengthen its position in the industry. We believe these opportunities may contribute to a more complementary and synergistic businesses portfolio with increased efficiency, potential to generate value to the whole chain and benefits for our consumers.

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Build on the strength of our brands

We believe that our businesses have a high brand recognition associated with quality, safety and efficiency that we continually strive to deliver. We intend to reinforce this market perception by continuing to supply high-quality products and services and to introduce new services and distribution channels.

Invest in building a succession pipeline for key business positions

We remain committed to building a pipeline of entrepreneur ial leaders at Ultrapar as well as in our businesses. Through a combination of promoting internal talent, internal horizontal transfers and external hires, there has been a relevant renovation in senior management positions, covering all the senior management. These movements have been carried out in a gradual, planned and constructive manner. In the last years, we worked to strengthen our management structure and governance, consolidating the pillars supporting the growth and longevity of Ultrapar.

Maintain a strong relationship with our resellers in the LPG and fuel distribution businesses

We intend to preserve our strong relationship with dealers by keeping their distribution exclusivity and continuing to implement our differentiated incentive programs in Ultragaz and Ipiranga. We plan to continue to invest in training our dealers, in order to maximize efficiency, to further strengthen our relationship and to promote the high standards of our distribution network. In parallel, we plan to continue to increase our operational efficiency and productivity at Ultragaz and Ipiranga.

Continuously improve cost and capital efficiency in the LPG and fuel distribution businesses

We plan to continue investing in the cost and capital efficiency of our distribution systems. Current initiatives include enhanced discipline with respect to our capital allocations and other programs designed to control our costs in both the LPG and fuel distribution businesses units.

Increase investments in logistics infrastructure to sustain and expand our market share and efficiency in fuel distribution

Our strategy is to continue to invest in Ipiranga’s logistics infrastructure in order to expand our capillarity and strengthen our national footprint. Such investments aim to enhance our logistics efficiency of fuel distribution through increased proprietary storage capacity in strategic locations, contributing to improve service quality in the relevant regions. In addition, we aim to soli dify our network in service stations with larger throughput (volume sold per station), therefore increasing the sales volume at Ipiranga.

In March 2019, Ipiranga was awarded a concession of specific areas in Vitória (ES) and Cabedelo (PB) through the special purpose vehicles Nordeste and Navegantes, in which Ipiranga holds one third of the total capital stock, together with BR Distribuidora and Raízen. Also, in April 2019, Ipiranga was awarded two concessions in the port of Miramar, in Belém (PA): (i) area BEL02A, through a consortium 50% owned by Ipiranga and 50% owned by Raízen, and (ii) area BEL04A, which is currently operated by Ipiranga, therefore maintaining its operation in the region. For more information, see “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Fuel Distribution—Ipiranga—Storage of fuels”.

We expect that investing in logistics infrastructure and focusing our service stations network in higher throughput stations will allow us to sustain and even expand our market share in the fuel distribution market, as well as to reduce our operating costs and improve our productivity gains.

Promote and benefit from the formalization of the fuel distribution market

We plan to continue to collaborate with the competent authorities to promote improvements to legislation and to enhance regulatory enforcements in the fuel distribution sector as means of creating a level playing field in the market, increasing sales volume in the formal market and improving our gross margin, thus reducing the competitiveness of players which benefited from cost advantages derived from unfair practices.

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Invest in niche segments for LPG distribution

Ultragaz is strengthening its presence in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil by focusing on expanding to states where it previously did not have significant operations.

For the bulk segment, Ultragaz strategy is focused on two areas. The first area is offering its clients mainly in industrial and agribusiness segments new applications and services for LPG. As a result, Ultragaz aims at expanding its market share in LPG used for home and personal care and localized heating, such as preheating of industrial furnaces, especially in steel, lead, asphalt manufacturing and metallurgical plants; and in new applications in agribusiness, such as drying grains and seeds, with greater operational and economic efficiency. We believe that some of Ultragaz’s new applications and services provide environmental benefits and cost savings such as reduction in water consumption, from car washing and recycling of organic waste, and fall in carbon dioxide and pollutants, from asphalt plant and cotton production. The second area is to invest in the expansion of the bulk LPG distribution to small-and-medium-sized businesses, such as laundry shops, restaurants, bakeries, residential condominiums and steam car wash, through agile and convenience services.

Maintain our capacity at Oxiteno ahead of domestic demand

We intend to maintain Oxiteno’s production capacity ahead of demand in Brazil. We also plan to continue our efforts to apply the best global practices to Oxiteno’s plants and production processes with a view to remain technologically competitive.

In 2015, Ultrapar’s Board of Directors approved the expansion of Oxiteno’s specialty chemicals’ capacity in Pasadena (Texas) in the United States, by building an alkoxylation unit at its current site, which started operating in September 2018. The plant is located in one of the world’s most important chemical hubs, taking advantage of attractive conditions of raw materials, as well as highly efficient logistics infrastructure. The investment expands Oxiteno’s footprint in the United States, focusing on local markets of agrochemicals, personal care, household and industrial cleaning, coatings and oil and gas. The new unit’s capacity is 120 thousand tons per year at its initial stage. Until December 31, 2020, the total amount invested in this plant was US$194 million.

Continue to enhance product mix at Oxiteno

We increased Oxiteno’s capacity to produce a variety of value-added ethylene oxide derivatives and other specialty chemicals in order to optimize its sales mix across petrochemical cycles. Oxiteno’s investments in research and development have resulted in the introduction of 128 new products during the last three years. Oxiteno will continue to invest in research and development focused on developing new products to meet clients’ needs across all target markets. In 2020, Oxiteno’s research and development expenditures totalized R$60 million.

Expand our convenience store business model

In 2020, AmPm concluded a comprehensive review of its business model, including the renewal of its brick and mortar stores’ layout to provide consumer s with a more fluid and intuitive purchas e experience and larger area s within each store for consuming products. AmPm created a digital section in the a bastece a í application, as well as proprietary solutions via WhatsApp and QR Code and developed partnerships with leading delivery platforms. Th is review also involved AmPm’s rebranding, exploring proximity marketing concepts and new habits of consumption, co upled with a new product mix, expanding the offer of food service (bakeries and ready-to-eat meals), groceries and home and personal care products. In order to accelerate the growth of the business, AmPm started to operate 55 stores during 2020 and expects to further expand the number of company-operated stores going forward.

Accelerate abastece aí value creation

In July 2020, we created a new company in the digital payments and electronic retailing segment combining the abastece aí (“fill up here”) app and the loyalty program Km de Vantagens (Km of Advantages Program).This initiative was designed to accelerate the value creation of these platforms and expansion in the services provided, with the potential for creating a digital ecosystem of sizeable proportions and capillarity. Since August 2020, when the new app was launched, more than 2.3 million digital accounts have been created with the total number of transactions processed surpassing R$3.5 billion, demonstrating rapid consumer acceptance, as well as the growth potential of the business.

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Maintain financial strength

We seek to maintain a solid financial position to allow us to pursue investment opportunities and enhance our shareholders’ return on their investment in our Company. As of December 31, 2020, our net debt (consisting of loans and hedging instruments, debentures and leases payable recorded as current and non-current liabilities, net of cash and cash equivalents and financial investments and hedging instruments) was R$10,537.3 million, representing a 3.0 times net debt to EBITDA ratio. We have been consistently distributing dividends to our shareholders. During the five years ended December 31, 2020, we have declared yearly dividends representing an average of approximately 60% of our net income.

Key Financial Information

The table below sets forth certain financial information for us:

|  | Year ended December 31, |
|  | 2020 |  |  |  | 2019 |  |  |  | 2018 |  |  |  | 2017 |  |  |  | 2016 |
|  | (in millions of Reais) |
Net revenue from sales and services |  | 81,241.1 |  |  |  | 89,298.0 |  |  |  | 90,698.0 |  |  |  | 79,230.0 |  |  |  | 76,740.0 |
Net income attributable to Ultrapar’s shareholders |  | 893.4 |  |  |  | 373.5 |  |  |  | 1,150.4 |  |  |  | 1,526.5 |  |  |  | 1,537.8 |
Gross debt |  | (17,376.2 | ) |  |  | (14,392.7 | ) |  |  | (15,206.1 | ) |  |  | (13,590.6 | ) |  |  | (11,417.1 | )
Cash, cash equivalents and financial investments and hedging instruments |  | 8,672.2 |  |  |  | 5,712.1 |  |  |  | 6,994.4 |  |  |  | 6,369.9 |  |  |  | 5,701.8 |
Net debt (excluding leases payable)(1) |  | (8,704.1 | ) |  |  | (8,680.6 | ) |  |  | (8,211.7 | ) |  |  | (7,220.7 | ) |  |  | (5,715.3 | )
Leases payable |  | (1,833.3 | ) |  |  | (1,588.7 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Net debt (1) |  | (10,537.3 | ) |  |  | (10,269.3 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |

(1) See footnote 6 under “Item 3.A. Key Information—Selected Consolidated Financial Data” for a more complete discussion of net debt and its reconciliation to information in our financial statements.

The table below sets forth the net revenue from sales and services for our businesses:

|  | Year ended December 31, |
|  | 2020 |  |  |  | 2019 |  |  |  | 2018 |  |  |  | 2017 |  |  |  | 2016 |
|  | (in millions of Reais) |
Net revenue from sales and services(1) |  | 81,241.1 |  |  |  | 89,298.0 |  |  |  | 90,698.0 |  |  |  | 79,230.0 |  |  |  | 76,740.0 |
Ultragaz |  | 7,408.3 |  |  |  | 7,094.8 |  |  |  | 7,043.2 |  |  |  | 6,071.0 |  |  |  | 5,365.1 |
Ultracargo |  | 644.2 |  |  |  | 540.8 |  |  |  | 493.6 |  |  |  | 438.4 |  |  |  | 355.4 |
Oxiteno |  | 5,210.7 |  |  |  | 4,254.2 |  |  |  | 4,748.4 |  |  |  | 3,959.4 |  |  |  | 3,701.4 |
Ipiranga |  | 66,133.0 |  |  |  | 75,452.5 |  |  |  | 76,473.4 |  |  |  | 66,950.5 |  |  |  | 65,793.7 |
Extrafarma |  | 1,988.4 |  |  |  | 2,060.6 |  |  |  | 2,028.0 |  |  |  | 1,868.9 |  |  |  | 1,578.6 |
abastece aí |  | 17.2 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |

(1) Segment information for Ultragaz, Ultracargo, Oxiteno, Ipiranga, Extrafarma and abastece aí is presented on an unconsolidated basis. See “Presentation of Financial Information” for more information.

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The tables below set forth Adjusted EBITDA for Ultragaz, Oxiteno and Ipiranga and EBITDA for Ultracargo, Extrafarma and abastece aí:

|  | Year ended December 31, |
|  | 2020 |  |  |  | 2019 |  |  |  | 2018 |  |  |  | 2017 ² |  |  |  | 2016 ² |
|  | (in millions of Reais) |
Adjusted EBITDA(1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ultragaz |  | 729.1 |  |  |  | 586.7 |  |  |  | 275.1 |  |  |  | 440.0 |  |  |  | 425.4 |
Oxiteno |  | 784.8 |  |  |  | 221.6 |  |  |  | 640.2 |  |  |  | 295.9 |  |  |  | 462.2 |
Ipiranga |  | 1,693.9 |  |  |  | 2,486.6 |  |  |  | 2,117.3 |  |  |  | 3,066.8 |  |  |  | 3,049.0 |
EBITDA(1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ultracargo |  | 337.5 |  |  |  | 164.8 |  |  |  | 183.3 |  |  |  | 124.3 |  |  |  | 171.1 |
Extrafarma |  | 84.2 |  |  |  | (565.9 | ) |  |  | (42.2 | ) |  |  | 23.1 |  |  |  | 38.8 |
abastece aí |  | (24.9 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |

(1) See footnote 5 under “Item 3.A. Key Information—Selected Consolidated Financial Data” for a more complete discussion of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA and its reconciliation to information in our financial statements.

(2) The results of 2016 and 2017 have not been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the segregation of the Holding expenses. For more information, see “Item 5.A. Operating and Financial Review and prospects – Operating results – Summary of the changes due to the segregation of the Holding expenses”.

Distribution of Liquefied Petroleum Gas

Industry and Regulatory Overview

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is a fuel derived from the oil or natural gas refining process. In Brazil, 73% of local demand in 2020 was produced in local refineries and the remaining 27% was imported. LPG has the following primary uses in Brazil:

- Bottled LPG — used primarily by residential consumers for cooking; and
- Bulk LPG — used primarily for cooking and water heating in shopping malls, hotels, residential buildings, restaurants, laundries, hospitals and industries, with several other specific applications to each industrial process, such as furnace heating, asphalt production, among others.

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The following chart shows the process of LPG distribution:

Historically, bottled LPG has represented a substantial portion of the LPG distributed in Brazil and is primarily used for cooking. The use of LPG for domestic heating in Brazil is immaterial compared with its use in other developed and emerging countries, primarily because of Brazil’s generally warm climate. Consequently, demand seasonality throughout the year is relatively small. In addition, because LPG is not used to a significant extent for domestic heating in Brazil, overall consumption of LPG per capita is lower in Brazil compared to countries where domestic heating is a major element of LPG demand, making low distribution costs a major competitive differential in the Brazilian LPG market.

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The primary international suppliers of LPG are major oil companies and independent producers of both liquefied natural gas and oil. However, due to Petrobras’ market dominance over the production and import of petroleum and petroleum products, a result of its legal monopoly that was abolished only in 1997, following Constitutional Amendment No. 09/1995 and the enactment of Federal Law No. 9,478/97, Petrobras is currently the de facto sole supplier of LPG in Brazil.

Currently, the LPG distribution industry in Brazil consists of 20 LPG distribution companies or groups of companies and is regulated by the National Petroleum Agency (ANP). The LPG distribution industry includes purchasing nearly all its LPG requirements from Petrobras, filling LPG bottles and bulk delivery trucks at filling stations, selling LPG to dealers and end users, controlling product quality and providing technical assistance to LPG consumers. See “— Industry and Regulatory Overview — The role of the ANP” and “— Industry and Regulatory Overview — The role of Petrobras”. LPG produced by Petrobras, which represented 73% of total LPG sold in Brazil in 2020, is transported in pipelines and by trucks from Petrobras’ production and storage facilities to filling stations maintained by LPG distributors. The balance is imported by Petrobras into Brazil and stored in large storage facilities mostly maintained by Petrobras. The imported LPG is then transported from the storage facilities by pipelines and trucks to the LPG distributors’ filling stations.

LPG can be delivered to end users either in bottles or in bulk. The bottles are filled in the LPG distributors’ filling stations. Distribution of bottled LPG is conducted via two main channels:

- home delivery of LPG bottles; and
- the sale of LPG bottles in retail stores and at filling stations.

In both cases, the bottles are either delivered by the LPG distributors themselves or by independent dealers.

Bulk delivery is the main delivery method to large volume consumers, such as residential buildings, hospitals, small-and-medium-sized businesses and industries. In the case of bulk delivery, LPG is pumped directly into tanker trucks at filling stations, transported to customers and pumped into a bulk storage tank located at the customer’s premises.

The role of the Brazilian government. The Brazilian government historically regulated the sale and distribution of LPG in Brazil. The period from 1960 to 1990 was characterized by heavy governmental regulation, including price controls, regulation of the geographical areas in which each LPG distributor could operate, regulation of the services offered by distributors and governmental quotas for the LPG sold by distributors, thus restricting the growth of larger LPG distributors. In 1990, the Brazilian government started a deregulation process of the LPG market. This process included easing the requirements for the entry into the market of new distribution companies, reducing certain administrative burdens and removing restrictions on the areas in which distributors could conduct their business and on sales quotas. There are currently no restrictions on foreign ownership of LPG companies in Brazil.

From 2008 to 2016, Petrobras increased LPG refinery prices for commercial and industrial usage sporadically. From 2017 to 2019, LPG refinery prices were adjusted more frequently. In the recent past, Petrobras’ practice was not to immediately reflect in its oil derivatives prices in Brazil the volatility of international prices of oil and oil derivatives. However, in June 2017, the dynamic of LPG prices supplied to the distributors was modified to reflect international price volatility and exchange rate variation.

In January 2018, the pricing policy for LPG acquisition at refineries was adjusted to soften the transfer of price volatility in the international market to the domestic price. The monitoring period for international prices and currency rates, which dictate the percentages of price adjustment, was the average of the preceding twelve months, rather than monthly variation, and price adjustments became quarterly, rather than monthly. In August 2019, Petrobras terminated the existing policy and price differentiation was ended in November 2019, which resulted in domestic prices for all segments being converted into one single price.

The role of Petrobras. Petrobras, Brazil’s national oil and oil products company, had a legal monopoly in the exploration, production, refining, importing and transporting of crude oil and oil products in Brazil and Brazil’s continental waters since its establishment in 1953. This monopoly was confirmed in Brazil’s federal constitution enacted in 1988. As a result, Petrobras was historically the sole supplier in Brazil of oil and oil-related products, including LPG.

I n 2004, Petrobras entered the LPG distribution market in Brazil through the acquisition of Liquigás, one of the main players in the market. I n August 2019, Copagaz, Itaúsa, Nacional Gás and Fogás entered into an agreement with Petrobras to acquire Liquigás. I n November 2020, CADE approved Liquig á s sale to a consortium composed by Copagaz, Itaúsa, Nacional Gás and Fogás, and Petrobras communicated the process completion i n December 2020.

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The role of the ANP. The ANP is responsible for the control, supervision and implementation of the government’s oil, gas and biofuels policies. The ANP regulates all aspects of the production, distribution and sale of oil and oil products in Brazil, including product quality standards and minimum storage capacities required to be maintained by distributors.

In order to operate in Brazil, an LPG distributor must be licensed with the ANP and must comply with certain minimum operating requirements, including:

- maintenance of sufficient LPG storage capacity;
- maintenance of an adequate quantity of LPG bottles;
- use of bottles stamped with the distributor’s own brand name;
- possession of its own filling plant;
- appropriate maintenance of LPG filling units;
- distribution of LPG exclusively in areas where it can provide technical assistance to the consumer either directly or indirectly through an authorized dealer; and
- full compliance with the Unified Suppliers Registration System (Sistema de Cadastramento Unificado de Fornecedores – SICAF).

LPG distributors are required to provide the ANP with monthly reports showing their sales in the previous month and the volume of LPG ordered from Petrobras for the next four months. The ANP limits the volume of LPG that may be ordered by each distributor based on the number of bottles and infrastructure owned by the distributor. Based on the information provided by the distributors, Petrobras supplies the volume of LPG ordered, since that LPG production and imports are enough to meet the demand.

LPG distribution to the final consumer may be carried out by independent or exclusive resellers, according to ANP Resolution 49/2016 and 51/2016. Each LPG distributor must provide the ANP with information regarding its contracted independent resellers on a monthly basis. The construction of LPG filling plants and storage facilities is subject to the prior approval of the ANP and may only begin its operations after ANP inspection.

The self-regulatory code/ANP Resolution 49/2016 and 51/2016. In 1996, most of the Brazilian LPG distributors, representing more than 90% of the market, bottle manufacturers, LPG transportation companies and certain LPG retail stores, under the supervision of the Brazilian government, entered into a statement of intent regarding the establishment of a program for “requalifying” LPG bottles (a process under which they undergo safety and quality checks) and other safety procedures, known as the “Self-Regulatory Code” or “Código de Autorregulamentação”. See “—Ultragaz—Bottle swapping centers” and “— Ultragaz—Requalification of bottles”. Before the Self-Regulatory Code came into effect, certain LPG distributors, not including Ultragaz, would fill bottles stamped with another distributor’s brand. This practice resulted in a low level of investment in new bottles, giving rise to concerns regarding the safety of older bottles. The Self-Regulatory Code provides, among other things, that:

- each LPG distributor may only fill and sell bottles that are stamped with its own trademark;
- each LPG distributor is responsible for the quality and safety control of its bottles; and
- each LPG distributor must maintain enough bottles to service its sales volume.

The Self-Regulatory Code was replaced by ANP Resolution 49/2016 and 51/2016, which regulates the distribution of LPG activities.

Ultragaz had to requalify 2.4 million bottles, 2.5 million bottles and 2.5 million bottles in 2018, 2019 and 2020, respectively. In 2021, Ultragaz expects to requalify approximately 2.2 million bottles.

Environmental, health and safety standards. LPG distributors are regulated by ANP and subject to Brazilian federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment, public health and safety. The CONAMA, the Ministry of Economy (Ministério da Economia), and the Ministry of Infrastructure (Ministério da Infraestrutura) are the primary regulators of LPG distribution at the federal level.

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The Brazilian regulations require LPG distributors to obtain operating permits from the environmental agencies, from municipal authorities and from the fire department. In order to obtain and maintain the validity of such permits, distributors must satisfy regulatory authorities that the operation of facilities are in compliance with regulations and are not prejudicial to the environment and the community. In addition, regulations establish standard procedures for transporting, delivering and storing LPG and for testing and requalification of LPG bottles. Civil, administrative and criminal sanctions, including fines and the revocation of licenses, may apply to violations of regulations. Under applicable law, distributors are strictly and jointly liable for environmental damages.

The LPG industry and market are also subject to occupational health and safety standards, including labor laws, social security laws and consumer protection laws. In addition, the company also has a sustainability policy that describes the best management practices for health, safety and the environment (HSE).

In 2020, Ultragaz carried out an extensive HSE plan to improve its performance. This plan was base d on different projects intended to develop and improve management skills of its plant managers and coordinators, increase safety behavior based on risk perception and internal safety procedures improvement. As part of a governance system, HSE local committee and its executive committee adopt governance practices to reach the targets pursuant to the HSE indicators. As result, in 2020 the total recordable accident rate has decreased 49% compared to 2019.

Ultragaz also conducts annual HSE audits to verify the performance and compliance with HSE legislation, HSE internal standards and its sustainability policy.

Ultragaz

Founded in 1937, we were the first LPG distributor in Brazil. At that time, Brazilians used wood stoves and, to a lesser extent, alcohol, kerosene and coal stoves. Ultragaz was the leading company by sales volume in the Brazilian LPG market as of December 31, 2020, according to ANP.

Ultragaz operates nationwide in the distribution of both bottled and bulk LPG, including the most highly populated states in Brazil, such as São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Bahia, and may sell bottled LPG through independent dealers. Bulk LPG is serviced through Ultragaz own infrastructure.

In 2003, Ultragaz acquired Shell Gás, Royal Dutch Shell’s LPG operations in Brazil. Shell Gás had about a 4.5% market share in Brazilian LPG distribution according to ANP, selling 287 thousand tons of LPG in 2002. With this acquisition, Ultragaz became the national market leader in LPG, with a 24% share of the Brazilian market in 2003. In 2011, Ultragaz acquired Repsol, which sold approximately 22 thousand tons of LPG in that year.

Ultragaz is comprised of the following operating subsidiaries:

- Cia. Ultragaz, the company that pioneered our LPG operations;
- Bahiana, which primarily operates in the Northeast region of Brazil; and
- Utingás, a storage services provider that operates two facilities in São Paulo and Paraná. Utingás was incorporated in 1967 when Ultragaz and other LPG distributors joined to construct LPG storage facilities based in the states of São Paulo and Paraná. Ultragaz currently indirectly owns 57% of Utingás. See “—Storage of LPG”.

Markets and marketing. When Ultragaz began its operations, it served only the Southeast region of Brazil. Currently, Ultragaz is present in almost all of Brazil’s significant population centers. In recent years, Ultragaz strengthened its presence in the North and Northeast of Brazil, where it did not have significant operations. Distribution of bottled LPG includes mainly retail stores, carried out by Ultragaz’s dealership network mainly using 13 kg ANP approved bottles. In the case of Ultragaz, the bottles are painted blue. Ultragaz’s operating margins for bottled LPG vary from region to region and reflect the distribution channel in the region.

Before Shell Gás’ acquisition, Ultragaz’s sales strategy for bottled LPG delivery was to increase market share through geographical expansion as well as protecting and incrementing market participation in regions where it already operated. With the acquisition of Shell Gás, Ultragaz became the Brazilian market leader in LPG, and the focus of its marketing strategy evolved to protecting market share and strengthening its position in certain regions where it does not have a significant presence. The LPG bottled market in Brazil is mature and Ultragaz believes that growth in demand in the long term will be a function of an increasing number of households consuming the product as well as an increasing level of household income.

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Distribution of bulk LPG is largely carried out through 190 kg storage tanks installed on the clients’ premises. Since 1995, Ultragaz operates small-and-medium-sized bulk delivery facilities with bob-tail trucks, which deliver LPG in bulk mainly to residential buildings, commercial and industrial clients. Ultragaz’s clients in the commercial sector include shopping centers, hotels, residential buildings, restaurants, laundries and hospitals. Ultragaz’s trucks supply clients’ stationary tanks using a system that is quick, safe and cost effective.

Ultragaz’s bulk sales include large industrial clients, including companies in the food, metallurgical, steel and home and personal care sectors that have large fixed tanks at their plants. In the case of large volume consumers, Ultragaz is competing with other highly competitive energy sources such as natural gas, diesel, wood, fuel oil and electricity.

Ultragaz’s strategy for bulk LPG distribution is to continue its process of product and service innovation. Ultragaz has a team to identify the needs of each bulk LPG client and to develop technical solutions for using LPG as an energy source. Furthermore, in 2015, Ultragaz started operating under a new concept for the small and medium business clients, named Ultrapronto. As an innovative concept in the LPG industry, Ultrapronto represents a more agile and complete service to the client, including prospecting of clients, setup of equipment, logistics and after-sale service s. It permeates the entire value chain of the bulk segment, based on: (i) differentiated value proposition for the client, (ii) standardization of processes, in order to enable the service to client, and (iii) rationalization of the installation process.

The table below shows Ultragaz’s sales of LPG to clients of bottled and bulk LPG:

| Year ended December 31, |
Client category | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |
| (in thousands of tons) |
Bottled LPG |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential delivery by Ultragaz / Ultragaz owned retail stores | 39.2 |  | 52.4 |  | 56.3 |
Independent resellers (1) | 1,158.7 |  | 1,121.8 |  | 1,141.5 |
Total bottled LPG | 1,197.9 |  | 1,174.2 |  | 1,197.7 |
Total bulk LPG | 534.4 |  | 531.7 |  | 527.2 |
Total tons delivered | 1,732.3 |  | 1,706.0 |  | 1,724.9 |

(1) Includes residential deliveries and distribution through retailers’ stores.

Residential delivery has evolved during the last years from primarily door-to-door to a scheduled, order by phone or app.

LPG distribution is a dynamic retail market where consumers’ habits change constantly, thus creating opportunities for the company. In order to track market developments more closely and differentiate itself from its competitors, Ultragaz has developed and enhanced sales channels and payment methods. In 2020, Ultragaz started developing new solutions for residential customers, such as Botijão Leve, a new technology which produces lighter LPG cylinders. In the last decade, the company expanded the participation of Disk Gás (sale of LPG bottles by telephone) and, more recently, introduced ordering through a smartphone app (APP Ultragaz), through a website (Pedido Online) and cell phone messages (Whatsapp). Ultragaz entered into sales partnerships with apps from companies such as iF ood. These initiatives provide customers with greater convenience, add further value and generate logistic optimization to Ultragaz. The same principles have been extended to the bulk segment, in which Ultragaz is a pioneer and has a leading position. Ultragaz has been developing new technologies for different markets, such as factories, agribusiness, small and medium business and residential buildings. Ultragaz has created and is testing a vending machine for LPG cylinders, called Ultradrive, which will work 24/7 and accept many payment methods. For industries, such as the craft breweries, Ultragaz has developed a new system to control the whole process using Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity to provide high levels of quality standards. Ultragaz has also expanded LPG uses portfolio to agribusiness, such as a solution for cotton moisture control, increasing productivity. Finally, tracking consumption trends in the bulk segment, Ultragaz has created a steam car wash solution, which reduces 90% of water consumption in the vehicle cleaning process.

Contracts. Ultragaz supplies its bulk clients based on contracts with terms ranging typically from two to five years. This type of contract limits fluctuations in sales given that the installation of the tanks is carried out by Ultragaz, and any change in supplier would imply the client’s reimbursing Ultragaz’s investments. The contract also requires that any tank supplied by Ultragaz may only be filled with LPG delivered by the company. When the bulk delivery contract expires, it can be renegotiated, or the tank is removed. Since the installation of the tank represents a significant investment for Ultragaz, it seeks to achieve a return on its investment within the term of the contract.

Social i nitiatives. Given Ultragaz’s network and reach to the most remote communities in Brazil, it has engaged in a series of initiatives and partnerships to promote social inclusion, education and culture. The table below shows the most relevant ones:

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Project | Year of launch |  | Brief description
Ultragaz Cultural | 2000 |  | Series of shows, movies, theater, literature, music and educational workshops 2000-2019: served more than 279 thousand children in 22 states in Brazil. In 2020, exceptionally, due to the COVID-19, the project did not happen.
Educational Campaigns | 2008 |  | Awareness and educational campaigns to address diseases prevention, in partnership with Ministry of Health, such as dengue, Zika virus, H1N1 and yellow fever, as well as other basic health concerns, like fighting against the sexual exploitation of children (Childhood Brasil). 2009 – 2020: reached more than 100 million people in national campaigns. In 2020, the focus of the campaigns was fighting against COVID-19. There were organized 5 campaigns related to the topic, reaching around 24 million people: preventive care; fighting against domestic violence; maintaining learning at home; voting safely; and care for babies.
United Nations Partnership | 2009 |  | Ultragaz is a signatory of the UN Global Compact since 2009 In 2016, Ultragaz joined the 17 Objectives of Sustainable Development
Volunteering Program | 2009 |  | Junior Achievement: teaching entrepreneurship and sustainability to public school students. “Ler é Presente”: Aims to develop the creativity and imagination of children from public institutions and schools, through voluntary reading. 2020: 200 volunteers were involved in the program and, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the projects happened remotely.
Educational projects | 2009 |  | Near to its production bases, Ultragaz sponsors several projects that aim to promote quality education to children and teenagers. Some of these partners are: Escola de Música e Informática Ultragaz, Vocação, Olga KOS, Pluga Cuca and ASA.
“Pega Pilhas, Baterias e Celulares” | 2012 |  | Collection and disposal of used batteries in Ultragaz’s consumers’ households 2020: 824 kg of batteries collected in 5 states in Brazil
“Campanha Junte Óleo: Ultragaz Coleta e Soya Recicla” | 2013 |  | Cooking oil recycle campaign to avoid its disposal into drinkable water sources. Partnership with Bunge. 2020: the project won the LPG Innovation and Technology Award 2020: +129 thousand liters of oil collected, reaching 83 thousand Brazilian households with approximately 390 resellers involved
“Somar Sustentabilidade” | 2014 |  | A project that aims to foster sustainability concept and practices among its resellers By the end of 2019, more than 480 resellers had participated. In 2020, exceptionally, due to the COVID-19, the project did not happen.
CDP Partnership | 2015 |  | With the support of CDP, Ultragaz promotes training with its critical suppliers about CO 2 emissions and water resources, encouraging them to develop action plans 2020: 32 suppliers were involved with CO2 emissions program and 23 involved with the water resources program.
Female Empowerment | 2018 |  | Partnership with the Feminine Association for Social and University Studies (Afesu) focused in supporting socially vulnerable women by offering training schemes for entry into the labor market. 2020: 140 girls (between 12-17 years old) were benefited With the support of Woman Entrepreneur Network (Rede Mulher Empreendedora), Ultragaz offers opportunities and fosters entrepreneurship and redeeming self-esteem among women who are victims of domestic violence. 2018-2019: 92 women were involved In 2020, in partnership with Rede ASTA, we donated 30 thousand masks in the cities of Belém (PA) and São Luís (MA). The positive aspect of this action is that, in addition to collaborating with the protection and health of the population, it generated income for women from the local communities, who sewed the masks.
"Memória Local” | 2019 |  | The project aims to preserve the memory of communities, through integrated activities between elementary and high school students, teachers and communities. Partnership with “Museu da Pessoa”. 2019: 1,474 people benefited. In 2020, exceptionally, due to the COVID-19, the project did not happen
C OVID-19 a ctions | 2020 |  | In partnership with the Ministry of Health, Ultragaz supported the preventive campaign to fight the c oronavirus (COVID-19). About 10 million people were impacted by information distributed in 19 states in more than 57 cities. Ultragaz also donated 650 thousand bars of biodegradable soap to less favored communities, 6 thousand basic food baskets to communities around our bases in Bahia, R$1 million to Sírio Libanês Grajaú field hospital and 8 thousand bottled LPG to po o r communities.

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Distribution infrastructure. Ultragaz’s distribution strategy includes having its own distribution infrastructure for bulk LPG, since it believes proximity to customers is a significant factor in successful distribution and sales strategies. Ultragaz also maintains a large independent reseller network for the bottled LPG. See “Independent resellers”. For both bottled and bulk LPG, deliveries are made by a staff wearing Ultragaz uniforms and driving vehicles with Ultragaz’s logo. Ultragaz has also invested in information technology for improving its process, such as logistics optimization and production efficiency. Ultragaz delivers bottled LPG, using a distribution network, which included 5.1 thousand independent resellers and a fleet of 92 vehicles for the delivery of gas bottles and 306 for bulk delivery as of December 31, 2020.

Bottled sales capacity derives from the number of bottles bearing Ultragaz’s brands. Ultragaz estimates that, as of December 31, 2020, there were 24.4 million 13 kg bottles stamped with Ultragaz’s brands in the market.

Independent resellers. Ultragaz’s independent distribution network ranges from large resellers, which carry out extensive home delivery, to single retail stores, which sell small quantities of LPG bottles. ANP Rule 51, enacted on November 30, 2016, that repealed the ANP Rule 297, sets that the independent resellers must be registered with ANP and comply with a list of prerequisites contained in such rule, as well as those required by law for the storage of bottles up to 90 kg. Also, each municipality sets forth its own safety regulations applicable to stores that sell LPG, including a minimum distance from certain locations, such as schools. For the year ended December 31, 2020, 97% of Ultragaz’s bottled LPG sales were made through resellers. The agreements entered between Ultragaz and independent resellers require the use of the Ultragaz brand and the display of the Ultragaz logo in the delivery vehicles and on the uniforms worn by delivery personnel. Proprietary rights of the trademark and the logo are retained by Ultragaz and are duly registered with the National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI – Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial). All contracted resellers are Ultragaz’s exclusive representatives. Under the terms of the respective contracts, each dealer agrees not to deliver non-Ultragaz LPG bottles.

Ultragaz understands that investing in the efficiency of its reseller network is key for staying ahead of competition and at the same time aligned with market demand for LPG. Accordingly, Ultragaz has developed several programs aimed at improving resellers’ management quality and standards.

The main program is the Desafio Lapidar (an exclusive program for resellers), which seeks to standardize Ultragaz’s resellers’ best management practices, including brand standardization, management quality, customer experience and strict compliance with the laws applicable to the industry. Through an assessment process, resellers are classified into categories (blue diamond, golden, silver, bronze and blue), allowing the participants to check their performance compared to Ultragaz’s excellence standards and stimulating constant improvement. In 2019, approximately 3.9 thousand resellers participated in the program. Out of the resellers that participated in the program in 2019, 65% (or 2.6 thousand) were qualified as bronze or above, attesting their compliance with most of Ultragaz’s quality requirements. In 2020, Ultragaz reviewed the entire program with the goal s of making it more attractive, contributing to an evolution in its resellers network on a continuous basis and bringing excellence in execution and a better experience for the client.

In addition to the Reseller Qualification Program, Ultragaz has been deploying new initiatives to improve the efficiency of its resellers, such as the pre-operation training programs, aiming to accelerate their maturing process and anticipate financial results, increasing success rates among the new resellers, comprised of courses focused on key aspects of LPG operations, marketing and cash flows, among others.

Ultragaz offers to its new resellers a complete training program: Pré-Operação (Pre-operation), for resellers with no previous experience in LPG, and Cultura Azul (Blue Culture), which aims to insert resellers who already have experience in the segment and in the Company’s culture. The objective is to accelerate the process of maturing new resellers, by sharing best market practices, financial, operating and marketing knowledge and team management. Before starting operating, our resellers receive a complete branding guideline package in order to guarantee the visual standard of the brand, in addition to a good experience for our customers.

In 2020, Ultragaz created a digital relationship channel with its dealers called MAP – Meu Aplicativo Parceiro. In this app, the reseller s ha ve access to features that improve its working process such as: status of orders placed, access to invoices and receipt, exclusive training program and marketing content, among others.

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Distribution channels to bulk consumers. Bulk distribution is made directly to customers by delivering LPG to storage tanks located at customers' facilities. Small bulk distribution, consisting of residential buildings and commercial users, and smaller industrial users, is mainly made by bob-tail trucks. Large bulk distribution, consisting mainly of industrial users, is made directly to customers by bob-tail trucks or third-party tanker trucks.

Payment terms. Ultragaz’s sales through its retail stores and through home delivery are made mainly on a cash basis. Ultragaz’s sales to independent resellers and to industrial and commercial users have payment terms of 20 days on average.

Bottle swapping centers. Pursuant to the Self-Regulatory Code, established in 1996 and approved by ANP, the LPG distributors have established 9 operating swapping centers to facilitate the return of the bottles to the appropriate distributor. Under the Self-Regulatory Code, while LPG distributors may pick up any empty LPG bottles tendered by customers in exchange for full LPG bottles, whether or not such empty bottles were put in circulation by that distributor, after October 1997, LPG distributors were not permitted to refill third-party bottles. Accordingly, LPG distributors may deliver third-party bottles to a swapping center where such bottles may be exchanged for bottles placed in circulation by such LPG distributor. The swapping centers currently charge a fee of R$0.62 (De c/20) per exchanged LPG bottle.

Requalification of bottles. The lifetime of a bottle depends on several factors, the most important being the exposure of the bottle to corrosion from the atmosphere and whether the bottle has been damaged. The Self-Regulatory Code and ANP regulation provides that all bottles must be requalified after their first 15 years of use, and every ten years thereafter. Each bottle is visually inspected for damage and corrosion to determine if it can be requalified or if it should be scrapped. In the case of bottles which pass the quality and safety checks, several procedures are followed before the bottles are stamped with the year of requalification and the next term in which they are due for requalification.

Supply of LPG. Currently, Ultragaz and all other LPG distributors in Brazil purchase all or nearly all LPG from Petrobras. Ultragaz has a formal contract with Petrobras for the supply of LPG. The procedures for ordering and purchasing LPG from Petrobras are generally common to all LPG distributors, including Ultragaz, which basically consist of sending an estimate of our needs to Petrobras four months in advance and a more precise estimate of our needs one month in advance. There have been no significant interruptions in the supply of LPG by Petrobras to the distributors since an interruption in 1995 due to a 15-day strike by Petrobras employees.

Prices of LPG. From 2017 on, LPG refinery prices were adjusted more frequently. In the last few years, Petrobras’ practice has been not to immediately reflect in its oil derivatives prices in Brazil the volatility of international prices of oil and oil derivatives. However, in June 2017, the dynamic of LPG prices supplied by the distributors was modified to reflect international price volatility and exchange rate variation. In January 2018, the pricing policy for LPG acquisition at refineries was adjusted to soften the transfer of price volatility in the international market to the domestic price. The monitoring period for international prices and currency rates, which dictate the percentages of price adjustment, was the average of the preceding twelve months, rather than monthly variation, and price adjustments became quarterly, rather than monthly. In August 2019, Petrobras terminated the existing policy and price differentiation was ended in November 2019, which resulted in domestic prices for all segments being converted into one single price, as shown below.

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The following table shows monthly price adjustments for residential and commercial and industrial LPG of the three years ended December 31, 2020.

% Petrobras LPG prices readjustments
Date |  | Residential |  | Commercial and Industrial
Jan-18 |  | -5.0% |  | -6.3%
Feb-18 |  | - |  | -4.6%
Mar-18 |  | - |  | -4.2% and 4.7%
Apr-18 |  | -4.4% |  | -
May-18 |  | - |  | 7.1% and 3.6%
Jul-18 |  | 4.4% |  | 4.4%
Sep-18 |  | - |  | 5.0%
Nov-18 |  | 8.5% |  | -5.6% and -9.2%
Dec-18 |  | - |  | -4.7%
Jan-19 |  | - |  | -3.4%
Feb-19 |  | 1.0% |  | -3.0%
Mar-19 |  | - |  | 6.0%
Apr-19 |  | - |  | 6.0%
May-19 |  | 3.5% |  | -
Jul-19 |  | - |  | -9.8%
Aug-19 |  | -8.2% |  | -13.5%
Oct-19 |  | 5.0% |  | 3.0%
Nov-19 |  | 4.0% |  | 0.6%
Dec-19 |  | 5.0%
Feb-20 |  | -2.9%
Mar-20 |  | -20.1%
May-20 |  | 5.0%
Jun-20 |  | 5.3% and 5.0%
Jul-20 |  | 5.0%
Aug-20 |  | 10.0%
Oct-20 |  | 5.0%
Nov-20 |  | 5.0%
Dec-20 |  | 5.5%

In 2017 and 2018, Petrobras’ average refinery price was US$484 per ton and US$560 per ton, respectively, compared with the average international price of US$409 per ton and US$459 per ton, respectively. In 2019, Petrobras’ average refinery price was US$528 per ton compared with the average international price of US$287 per ton.

As a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, there has been significant volatility in oil prices. I n 2020, Petrobras’ average refinery price was US$412 per ton compared with the average international price of US$240 per ton.

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Storage of LPG. On December 31, 2020, Ultragaz’s storage capacity was approximately 20,0 thousand tons, including Utingás’ storage capacity. Based on its 2020 average LPG sales, Ultragaz could store approximately 3.5 days of LPG supply.

Ultragaz stores its LPG in large tanks at each of its filling plants located throughout the regions in which it operates. Primary filling plants receive LPG directly from Petrobras by pipeline; secondary filling plants are supplied by truck; and satellite plants primarily hold LPG which is used to fill bob-tail trucks for small bulk distribution to customers that are not located near a primary or secondary filling plant. See “Item 4.D. Information on the Company — Property, Plants and Equipment”.

Competition. Ultragaz’s main competitors are:

- Liquigás, which was owned by Petrobras until December 2020 and acquired by a consortium formed by Itaúsa S.A., Copagaz, Nacional Gás and Fogás, and has been operating in the Brazilian LPG distribution sector for more than 60 years;
- Supergasbras, formed by the merger of Minasgás S.A., founded in 1955, and Supergasbras S.A., founded in 1946, and controlled by SHV Energy, a major multinational LPG distributor; and
- Nacional Gás, a Brazilian LPG distributor, which has been present in the market for more than 60 years.

The following table sets forth the market share of Ultragaz and its competitors in terms of volume according to ANP:

| Year ended December 31, |
LPG Distributor | 20 20 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |
Ultragaz | 23.1% |  | 23.4% |  | 23.5% |
Liquigás | 21.2% |  | 21.1% |  | 21.4% |
Supergasbras | 20.0% |  | 20.0% |  | 20.1% |
Nacional Gás Butano | 18.5% |  | 18.9% |  | 19.4% |
Copagaz | 8.7% |  | 8.7% |  | 8.4% |
Others | 8.5% |  | 7.9% |  | 7.2% |
Total | 100.0% |  | 100.0% |  | 100.0% |

Considering that the bottled market for LPG is mature with relatively low consumption growth, the competition is largely based upon attempts by LPG distributors to increase market share at the expense of their competitors. Since per capita consumption is small, low distribution cost is the critical factor in dictating profitability. Therefore, LPG distributors largely compete based on efficiencies in distribution and delivery as all LPG distributors currently purchase nearly all their LPG requirements from Petrobras, and as Petrobras’ refinery price charged to the distributors is the same to all LPG distributors. Ultragaz’s main markets, including the cities of São Paulo, Salvador and Recife, are highly populated areas and therefore distribution to this market can be carried out with great economies of scale resulting in lower distribution costs to Ultragaz. Additionally, Ultragaz benefits from low bulk LPG distribution costs through UltraSystem.

In addition to competing with other LPG distributors, Ultragaz competes with companies that offer alternative energy sources to LPG, mainly natural gas, and other sources such as wood, diesel, fuel oil and electricity. Natural gas is currently the principal source of energy against which we compete. The supply of natural gas requires significant investments in pipelines. While fuel oil is less expensive than LPG, LPG has performance and environmental advantages over fuel oil in most uses.

In 2018, the Brazilian LPG market decreased by 1.0% compared to 2017, mainly driven by the decrease of 1.4% in the bottled segment. In 2019, the Brazilian LPG market decreased by 0.3% compared to 2018. The bottled segment decreased by 0.5%, and the bulk segment increased by 0.4%. In 2020, the Brazilian LPG market increased 2.9% compared to 2019. The bottled segment increased by 3.8%, due to the lockdown effect of COVID-19, and the bulk segment remained stable.

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In 2020, Liquigás, the second biggest LPG distributor of Brazil, was bought by Itaúsa, Copagaz, Nacional Gás Butano and Fog á s. The buyers will initially own, respectively, 79%, 20% and 1% of Liquigás current assets and customers, according to Sindigás. The following graph shows LPG sales volume for the Brazilian market and Ultragaz for the periods indicated.

Source: ANP

Quality. We were the first Brazilian LPG distributor to receive ISO (International Standards Organization) certification for excellence in quality management, the first LPG distributor in Brazil to receive the s tate of São Paulo Quality Award (Prêmio Paulista de Qualidade), a recognized quality award in Brazil, and the Best in Management, the highest quality management award in Brazil. We started the search for continuous improvement of processes more effectively, delivering value to the customer through a lean culture.

Income tax exemption status. Brazilian legislation provides a 75% income tax reduction for businesses located in the Northeast region of Brazil, which depends of SUDENE’s formal and previous approval. Ultragaz is entitled to this tax benefit at its filling plants located at Mataripe, Caucaia, Juazeiro, Aracaju and Suape until 2024, 2025, 2026, 2027 and 2027, respectively. The total amount of SUDENE’s income tax exemption for Ultragaz for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 was R$23.1 million and R$17.1 million, respectively. For further information, see n ote 9.c to our consolidated financial statements.

Storage services for liquid bulk

Industry and Regulatory Overview

Port infrastructure and efficiency are key factors in economic development, especially to international and regional trade development. In Brazil, the most common port management system is the Landlord Port model. Under this model, terminals are leased to private companies through concession agreement s. Companies are granted long-term leases, associated with rights to operate the terminal, in exchange for fixed and/or variable payments. Under the Landlord port model, the Public Port is responsible for maintenance and investments in infrastructure and for acting as a local regulator, whereas the private companies are responsible for maintenance and investments in superstructure and for providing storage services to users.

Port infrastructure and services in Brazil are regulated by the federal agency ANTAQ (Agência Nacional dos Transportes Aquaviários), which was created in 2001 to implement, regulate and enforce guidelines established by the infrastructure ministry. The agency dedicates efforts to ensure an adequate level of competition, tariffs, and to balance the interests of clients and service providers. The port administration and supervision of operators is regionally performed by a local port authority.

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The Brazilian infrastructure ministry classifies cargo into the following categories, according to the National Port Logistic Plan (PNLP):

- Solid b ulk: s ugar, s oil beans, c orn, l umber, c ereals;
- Mineral s olid b ulk: f ertilizer, c oal, metals, salt;
- Liquid b ulk (f uel and c hemicals) o il, a lcohol, c hemicals, f uel;
- Liquid b ulk (v egeta ble): o il, f ood, j uice;
- Containerized and g eneral c argo: m achines, equipment, furniture, food, clothing, v ehicles, l ivestock.

According to the latest available information presented by the Brazilian infrastructure ministry, in 2018, s olid b ulk accounted for 64% of all cargo handled in Brazilian ports, followed by l iquid b ulk (21%) and c ontainerized and g eneral c argo (15%). The PNLP projects that by 2060, the participation of liquid bulk is expected to rise to 24%.

Ultracargo

Ultracargo is the largest private provider of liquid bulk storage in Brazil. The company stores and handles liquid bulk, mainly fuels, chemicals and vegetable oil s. Ultracargo also offers ship loading and unloading services, operation of pipelines, logistics programming and installation engineering. Ultracargo’s ten largest clients accounted for 66% of its revenues in 2020, with its three largest clients, Ipiranga (a related party), Braskem and Raízen accounting for 14%, 12% and 9%, respectively, of Ultracargo’s revenues.

Terminal i nfrastructure. As of December 31, 2020, Ultracargo operate d 6 terminals, along the Brazilian coast, with a total capacity of 838 thousand cubic meters.

Ultracargo’s strategic location of its operations, close to the main Brazilian port terminals, railroad junctions and roads, is one of the company’s main strengths and a key driver for integrated services profitability. Ultracargo’s history is one of pioneering logistics solutions in the Brazilian market.

The following table sets forth the volumes sold at Ultracargo’s port terminals during 2020.

Facility | Volume sold (in thousand cubic meters) |
Santos (São Paulo) | 3,805 |
Aratu (Bahia) | 2,758 |
Suape (Pernambuco) | 2,830 |
Itaqui (Maranhão) | 2,450 |
Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro) | 209 |
Paranaguá (Paraná) | 192 |
Total | 12,244 |

Regulation. Seaport infrastructure and services in Brazil are regulated by a federal agency named ANTAQ, which was created in 2001 to implement, regulate and enforce guidelines established by the infrastructure ministry. The agency dedicates efforts to ensure an adequate level of competition, tariffs, and to balance the interests of clients and service providers.

Storage facilities. Ultracargo primarily provides storage services for liquid bulk, especially fuels, chemicals and vegetable oil s. Ultracargo provides storage facilities to Braskem and most of the second-generation petrochemical companies in the Northeastern Petrochemical Complex, including Oxiteno (a related party). Transactions between Ultracargo and Oxiteno are carried out strictly on an arm’s-length basis.

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At the end of 2003, Ultracargo maintained four liquid bulk storage terminals—in Aratu in the state of Bahia, in Paulínia and Santos in the state of São Paulo, and in Suape in the state of Pernambuco. In 2004, Ultracargo completed the construction of an intermodal terminal in Montes Claros, in the state of Minas Gerais, which was sold to Ipiranga in 2012.

Ultracargo completed the construction of another intermodal terminal in Santos in 2005. This project is Ultracargo’s second port installation to integrate road, rail and maritime transportation systems, the first being Aratu. The terminal occupies an area of approximately 64 thousand square meters that hosts 38 thousand cubic meters of tankage space for chemical products, 40 thousand cubic meters for ethanol and 38 thousand cubic meters for vegetable oils. In 2007, Ultracargo also expanded its liquid storage capacity with the addition of 10 thousand cubic meters to Aratu.

In 2008, Ultracargo added 184 thousand cubic meters to its liquid bulk storage capacity through: (i) the acquisition of União Terminais, which added 170 thousand cubic meters and (ii) the expansion of its terminal in Aratu, adding 14 thousand cubic meters. In 2009, Ultracargo added 95 thousand cubic meters to its liquid bulk storage capacity through (i) the acquisition of Puma’s assets in Suape, adding 83 thousand cubic meters and (ii) the expansion of its terminal in Aratu, adding 12 thousand cubic meters. With the acquisition of União Terminais, Ultracargo started to operate in Paranaguá, in the state of Paraná, and in Rio de Janeiro, in the state of Rio de Janeiro.

In 2010, Ultracargo added 16 thousand cubic meters to its liquid bulk storage in the terminal of Santos. Additionally, in 2010, Ultrapar sold Ultracargo’s in-house logistics, solid bulk storage and road transportation businesses, with the transfer of shares of AGT and Petrolog to Aqces Logística Internacional Ltda.

In 2011, Ultracargo added 26 thousand cubic meters to its liquid bulk storage capacity in the Suape terminal.

In 2012, Ultracargo added 55 thousand cubic meters to its liquid bulk storage capacity through the acquisition of a terminal in Itaqui, in the s tate of Maranhão.

In 2013, Ultracargo concluded an expansion in the terminal of Santos, adding 46 thousand cubic meters (42 thousand cubic meters in 2012 and 4 thousand cubic meters in 2013), and in the terminal of Aratu, adding 26 thousand cubic meters (4 thousand cubic meters in 2012 and 22 thousand cubic meters in 2013). This project was part of Ultracargo’s expansion plan started in 2010 and increased its total storage capacity by 15%.

In 2015, Ultracargo’s terminal in Paulínia was permanently closed and, in 2017, it was sold to a third party.

In 2019, Ultracargo’s operational capacity in Santos increased by 84 thousand cubic meters as a result of the retrofit of 38 thousand in July and the repair of 46 thousand cubic meters in September 2019. In October 2019, Ultracargo added 30 thousand cubic meters to Itaqui’s capacity through the implementation of the first phase, out of three phases, of its expansion. Also, in 2019, Ultracargo won a bid for a greenfield terminal in Vila do Conde’s port, located in Barcarena, state of Pará. Vila do Conde is considered a strategic position for Ultracargo, since it will allow the company to meet the increasing demand for fuel at the state of Par á. Ultracargo incorporated Tequimar Vila do Conde Logística Portuária S.A. in 2019 in connection with Vila do Conde’s concession. The construction of the terminal remains on track, as we expect it to be fully operational in 2022. See “Item 4.A. Information on the Company — History and Development of the Company — Ultracargo”.

In 2020, Ultracargo’s operational capacity in Itaqui increased by 24 thousand cubic meters (8 thousand in February, 10 thousand in March, and 6 thousand in July), through the full implementation of the second phase and beginning of the third phase of its expansion. We expect to complete the third phase in 2021, increasing the capacity in Itaqui by 46 thousand cubic meters consolidating the position as leader at Itaqui’s port.

Ultracargo adopted in 2020 two innovative and strategic initiatives: CONECTA, a digital transformation program designed to develop and improve processes across the various areas of the company and enhance operational efficiency based on a new software architecture; a nd SOUL, a new operational management model designed to optimize the terminal’s operations. The se project s are expected to impact the existing and new facilities, such as Vila do Conde terminal, with a greater level of automation, which we expect to result in more efficient deployment of company resources.

Competition. Ultracargo remains among the leaders in all the ports in which we operate. According to ABLT, o ur market share in product storage in 2020 was 100% in Rio de Janeiro, 70% in Aratu, 52% in Itaqui, 47% in Suape, and 22% in Santos.

Ultracargo operates in a highly regulated and capital-intensive market. Terminal lease contracts are usually long term, as well as contracts with clients. Port competitiveness and overall structure are important factors to determine the most efficient route for each product. At the same time, the terminal’s operational efficiency, quality of service, capacity, and price level are factors to determine which operator will be more competitive within the port.

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Ultracargo’s main competitors are:

- Cattalini, which is the largest l iquid b ulk operator in the Paranaguá port, with 610 thousand cubic meters of storage capacity;
- Ageo, which is the largest l iquid b ulk operator in the Santos port, with 510 thousand cubic meters of storage capacity;
- Vopak, which is one of the world leaders in tank storage. Vopak operates terminal s in Santos, Aratu and a in a j oint-v enture with Ultracargo in Paranaguá.

The following table sets forth the market share of Ultracargo and its competitors in terms of volume handled according to ABTL in 2020:

|  | Market share – Volume handled (cubic meter)
Ultracargo |  | 24.0%
Cattalini |  | 16.0%
Ageo-Copage |  | 14.2%
TFB S/A |  | 8.7%
Vopak |  | 7.8%
Odfjell |  | 7.6%
Others* |  | 2 1.7%

* Others: Oiltanking, Adonai, APPA, CBL, Pandenor, Stolthaven, Temape and Terin.

Maintenance and quality control. During the design phase of each terminal, Ultracargo determines the capacity, accounting for a preventive maintenance program, considering a schedule for rotational tank shutdowns, to ensure storage supply, meeting all clients’ needs. As of December 31, 2020, p reventive maintenance was performed by 94 Ultracargo’s own employees, in addition to 61 third-party contractors. In addition, Ultracargo has a team of employees dedicated to ensuring appropriate levels of quality in our services and compliance with safety standards.

Environmental, health and safety standards. Ultracargo is subject to Brazilian federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to environmental protection, safety, and occupational health and safety licensing by the fire department. CONAMA (National Environmental Council) is the main responsible for ruling and accepting matters with respect to the environment. Environmental state agencies and municipal departments are also responsible for establishing and supervising complementary laws and regulations. Ultracargo, also must obtain authorizations and/or licenses from federal, state, and/or municipal environmental agencies and fire departments to implement and operate their facilities. Ultracargo is required to develop and implement programs to control air and water pollution and hazardous waste, emergency plans for its terminals and headquarters, involving communities, public companies, and other private companies. Some of the products stored in Ultracargo’s terminals such as fuel and some chemicals may be classified as hazardous by The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG), which is also used by ANTAQ. The storage and transport of these products may be subject to specific regulation and authorization by the port authority. Ultracargo is in compliance with international standards as ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001, which will shortly migrate to ISO 45001.

Quality. In 2002, Santos and Rio de Janeiro’s terminals obtained the ISO 14001 certification and the OHSAS 18001 certificate in the next year. In 2007, Ultracargo’s terminal in Aratu obtained an ISO 14001 certification and then, in 2012, obtained the OHSAS 18001 certificate. In 2011, Suape terminal obtained an ISO 14001 certification and the OHSAS 18001 certificate in the next year. In 2015, Itaqui terminal obtained both ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 certifications. Since then, Ultracargo’s terminals have undergone several re-certification processes, most recently in 2020. Also, in 2020, all terminals were evaluated according to the first stage of certification by ISO 45001. The evaluation process occurred under a unified Quality Management System for the entire country. In 2014 and 2016, the Aratu terminal was recognized for its performance in Health, Safety and the Environment by Industrial Development Committee of Camaçari (Cofic).

Income tax exemption status. Brazilian legislation provides a 75% income tax reduction for businesses located in the Northeast region of Brazil, which depends on SUDENE formal and previous approval. Ultracargo’s terminals at Aratu, Suape and Itaqui are entitled to the tax benefit up to 2022, 2020 and 2025, respectively. The total amount of SUDENE’s income tax exemption for the years ended on December 31, 2020 and 2019 was R$2 3.0 million and R$8.2 million, respectively. For further information, see n ote 9.c to our consolidated financial statements.

Based on the current legislation, Ultracargo operations are part of the prioritized activities for the development of the Northeast region of Brazil. According to Ultracargo's successful track record in requirements for maintenance and renewal of the incentive, given the fact that several investments have been made in the business modernization, the company has file d in 2021 a plea for the extension of the incentive for another 10 years. That renewal application is usually made in the year after the incentive expir es and has retroactive effects to January of the year when the application was filed.

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Petrochemicals and Chemicals

Industry and Regulatory Overview

The petrochemical industry transforms crude oil or natural gas into widely used consumer and industrial goods. The Brazilian petrochemical industry is generally divided in three sectors, depending on the stage of transformation of the petrochemical raw materials. The companies that operate in these different stages are known as first, second and third-generation companies.

First-generation companies. Brazil’s first-generation companies, which are referred to as “crackers”, break down or “crack” naphtha (a by-product of the oil refining process), their principal feedstock, into basic petrochemicals. In Brazil, the crackers supply their naphtha requirements from Petrobras and through imports. Currently, Petrobras is the major Brazilian producer of naphtha. The basic petrochemicals produced by the crackers include olefins, primarily ethylene, propylene and butadiene, and aromatics, such as benzene, toluene and xylenes. Braskem has three naphtha-cracker plants, located in Camaçari, Triunfo and Mauá. Brazil’s naphtha cracker units sell these basic petrochemicals to second-generation companies. The basic petrochemicals, which are in the form of either gases or liquids, are transported to the second-generation companies through pipelines for further processing. This sector passed through a restructuring process, with the emergence of Braskem as the main player and Petrobras as a relevant minority shareholder.

Second-generation companies. Second-generation companies process the basic petrochemicals produced by the crackers to obtain intermediate petrochemicals, such as:

- polyethylene, ethylene oxide, polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), each produced from ethylene;
- polypropylene, oxo-alcohols and acrylonitrile, each produced from propylene;
- styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), and polybutadiene, each produced from butadiene;
- caprolactam, produced from benzene; and
- purified terepht h alic acid (PTA), produced from p-xylene.

The intermediate petrochemicals are produced in solid form (as plastic pellets or powders) and in liquid form and are transported through roads, railroads or by ship to third-generation companies.

Third-generation companies. Third-generation companies, known as transformers, purchase the intermediate petrochemicals from the second-generation companies and transform them into final products, including:

- polyester—produced from PTA and ethylene glycol (ethylene glycols produced from ethylene oxide);
- plastics produced from polyethylene, polypropylene and PVC;
- elastomers produced from butadiene;
- acrylic fibers produced from acrylonitrile; and
- nylon produced from caprolactam.

Third-generation companies produce a variety of consumer and industrial goods, including containers and packaging materials, such as bags, film and bottles, textiles, detergents and paints as well as automobile parts, toys and consumer electronic goods.

Petrochemical complexes. The production of first- and second- generation petrochemicals in Brazil centers around three complexes: the Northeast petrochemical complex, the São Paulo petrochemical complex and the Southern petrochemical complex. Each complex has a single first-generation producer or cracker and several second-generation companies.

The Northeast complex, located in the municipality of Camaçari in the state of Bahia, began operations in 1978. Braskem currently has an ethylene production capacity of 1.28 million tons per annum.

The São Paulo complex, located in the municipality of Santo André and Mauá in the state of São Paulo, was created in 1972 and is the oldest petrochemical complex in Brazil. Braskem has an ethylene production capacity of 700 thousand tons per annum.

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The Southern complex, located in the municipality of Triunfo in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, is based around the raw materials cracker from Braskem. Braskem’s plant in Triunfo has an ethylene production capacity of 1.25 million tons per annum. Oxiteno does not purchase ethylene from Braskem in Triunfo, but purchases C4, a raw material used in the production of Methyl-ethyl-ketone (MEK).

Rio Polímeros S.A. (RioPol), a subsidiary of Braskem located in the state of Rio de Janeiro, has an ethylene production plant based on natural gas. RioPol has an ethylene production capacity of 520 thousand tons per year. All RioPol’s ethylene production is used in its own polyethylene production.

Role of Petrobras. Naphtha is the raw material used in Brazil to produce basic petrochemicals such as ethylene and propylene. Petrobras is still the most important naphtha supplier in Brazil, even though its legal monopoly ended in 2000. See “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Distribution of Liquefied Petroleum Gas— Industry and Regulatory Overview—The role of Petrobras” for a discussion of the termination of the Petrobras monopoly.

Environmental, health and safety standards. Petrochemical companies are subject to Brazilian federal, state and local laws and regulations governing the protection of the environment. At the federal level, the main regulators are CONAMA and the Ministry of Economy.

In accordance with environmental laws and regulations, petrochemical companies are required to obtain licenses for their manufacturing facilities from competent environmental authorities, which may also regulate their operations by prescribing specific environmental standards in their operating licenses. In order to obtain and maintain valid such licenses, petrochemical companies must satisfy regulatory authorities that the operation, maintenance, and reclaiming of facilities comply with regulations and do not cause damage to the environment.

Environmental regulations apply particularly to the discharge, handling and disposal of gaseous, liquid and solid products and by-products from manufacturing activities. Technical rules issued by CONAMA and by state authorities also prescribe preventive measures relating to environmental pollution and waste treatment requirements. In addition, the transportation, storage and supply of products are subject to specific standards designed to prevent spills, leakages and other accidents.

Historically, environmental regulations have imposed increasingly stricter standards, higher fines, and greater exposure to liability and increased operating costs and capital expenditures. In addition, civil, administrative and criminal sanctions, including fines and the revocation of licenses may apply to violations of environmental regulations. Under the Brazilian environmental law, companies are strictly and jointly liable for environmental damages.

Petrochemical companies are also subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations that establish occupational health and safety standards. In accordance with such laws and regulations, these companies are also required to report on their occupational, health and safety records on a yearly basis to the local office of the Ministry of Economy in each of the states in which they operate. They are also subject to all federal, state and local government regulation and supervision generally applicable to companies doing business in Brazil, including labor laws, social security laws, public health, consumer protection, securities laws and antitrust laws.

Moreover, petrochemical companies are subject to the United Nations international treaties and conventions applicable to the jurisdictions where they operate due to the potential use of their products (i) as controlled substances, as defined by various legislations in several jurisdictions, (ii) in the illicit production of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances under international control, and (iii) in the production of chemical weapons.

The specific controls and the respective enforcement agents may vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, but generally include permits, licenses and certificates that are issued by several local authorities.

The sanctions that can be imposed in case of noncompliance with the applicable laws and/or regulations concerning controlled substances may vary at each jurisdiction, but generally include warnings, fines, interdiction, apprehension of products, suspension, cancellation or forfeiture of the corresponding permits, certificates and licenses.

Oxiteno

We operate in the chemical sector through the second-generation company, Oxiteno, a wholly owned subsidiary of Ultrapar and major producer of specialty chemicals. Oxiteno is the only producer of ethylene oxide, ethylene glycols, ethanolamines, glycol ethers and methyl-ethyl-ketone in Brazil, as well as the only producer of fatty alcohol in Latin America. Besides a plant in Venezuela, Oxiteno is the only ethylene oxide producer in South America. Its products are used in a broad range of industrial sectors, such as cosmetics, detergents, crop solutions, polyester, packaging, coatings and oil industry. During the year ended December 31, 2020, Oxiteno sold 753 thousand tons of chemical and petrochemical products.

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Oxiteno’s strategic focus is to provide a broad coverage of the ethylene oxide and derivatives, maintaining a leading position in these markets that strengthens its market positioning in Brazil. We intend to maintain Oxiteno’s production capacity ahead of demand in Brazil. Oxiteno’s strategy is to increase its specialty chemical production capacity and its geographic reach.

Products and markets. For ease of understanding, Oxiteno’s products can be divided into two main groups: (i) commodity chemicals, which are generally higher-volume products, with standard specifications, and (ii) specialty chemicals, which tend to be lower-volume products sold on the basis of chemical features and suitability to meet a particular end-use requirement. Oxiteno’s principal commodity chemicals are ethylene oxide and ethylene glycol. Oxiteno’s principal specialty chemicals include a wide variety of products that are used as surfactants, softeners, dispersants, emulsifiers and hydraulic fluids.

The following chart outlines the principal raw materials used by Oxiteno and their intermediate and final products.

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,

Specialty chemicals. The following table sets forth Oxiteno’s main specialty chemical products and their main uses and markets.

Major m arkets |  | Specialty c hemicals |  | Examples of uses and effects
Detergents |  | Alkylbenzene sulfonic acids, alkylsulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, ethoxylated alkylphenols, ethoxylated fatty alcohols, polyethyleneglycols, alkanolamides, betaines, sulphosuccinates, block copolymers EO/PO. |  | Used in detergents, the specialty chemicals are added mainly to improve cleaning power and foaming and to reduce skin irritability.
Cosmetics |  | Alkylsulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, betaines, ethoxylated fatty alcohols, polyethyleneglycols, alkanolamides, ethoxylated sorbitan esters, sorbitan fatty esters. |  | Used in cosmetics as moisturizers, detergents for foaming and residue removal, and reduction of eye irritation in shampoos.
Crop protection chemicals |  | Ethoxylated fatty amines, ethoxylated alkylphenols, alkyl ether sulfates, blends, naphthalene sulfonate, ethoxylated vegetable oil, copolymers EO/PO. |  | Used as part of the composition of crop protection chemical, such as herbicides. Increases their efficiency, by improving soil penetration and adherence of the products to plant surfaces.
Foods |  | Sorbitan fatty esters, ethoxylated sorbitan esters, emulsifiers, stabilizers, dispersants |  | Principally used as additives for breads and cakes, improving their texture and consistency, and as an emulsifier responsible for ice cream creaminess.
Textiles |  | Ethoxylated alkylphenols, ethoxylated fatty alcohols, ethoxylated vegetable oils, ethoxylated fatty amines, antistatic agents, lubricants, softeners, emulsifiers, antifoamers, mercerizing additives, humectants, low foam detergents. |  | Used in the processing of textiles, improving spinning and weaving performance. Permits greater evenness in the mixing of fibers, dyeing, bleaching and improving the softness of the final cloth.
Hydraulic fluids |  | Ethylene glycol ethers, ethylene glycols, corrosion inhibitors. |  | Used directly as hydraulic fluids in vehicles. Brake fluids guarantee brake system performance and safe braking. Cooling liquids help to cool the motor and maintain the correct operating temperature.
Oil field chemicals |  | Additives, emulsion breaker, mutual solvent, surfactant, antifouling, glycols, ethanolamines and dispersants. |  | Chemical inputs applied in all stages of the production of oil and gas, such as drilling, cementing, completion, stimulation, production and refining, each one with specific characteristics.
Coatings |  | Acetates, alcohols, glycols ethers, glycols, ketones, alkyl ether sulfates, ethoxylated alkylphenols, ethoxylated fatty alcohols, block copolymers EO/PO. |  | Solvents and surfactants are used in the preparation of paints and coatings, adhesives and inks. Solvents serve multiple functions in solvent borne paints and coatings: solubilization of the resin or polymer forming the continuous coating phase, pigment wetting and viscosity reduction to facilitate the application of the coating. Surfactants are used in emulsion polymerization and also as additive: thickeners, antifoaming agents, additives used to control rheological properties and others.

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Commodity products. The following are Oxiteno’s main commodity products and their principal uses and markets:

Ethylene oxide. Ethylene oxide is a colorless and highly flammable gas at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Ethylene oxide is produced in a continuous production process by gaseous phase catalytic partial oxidation of ethylene by oxygen at high temperature and pressure.

Ethylene glycols. The principal ethylene glycol produced by Oxiteno is mono-ethylene glycol, known as MEG. Oxiteno also produces di- and tri-ethylene glycol. Mono-ethylene glycol is a clear, non-flammable, non-volatile liquid at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Ethylene glycols are produced in a continuous process from an ethylene oxide solution and principally sold to chemical companies for the manufacture of polyester fibers and polyethylene terephthalate, known as PET, with the remainder sold for use in the production of antifreeze, brake fluids, solvent and other chemicals.

Domestic sales. The Brazilian petrochemicals industry seeks to prioritize demand from the domestic market, where there is greater value added, although sales are also made to the international market. While Oxiteno sells the larger part of its commodities and specialty chemicals in Brazil, production capacity exceeds domestic market demand, with Oxiteno exporting surplus production to more than 50 countries in Asia, America, Europe, Africa and Oceania. Oxiteno maintains production capacity above local demand for strategic reasons. For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, 33%, 31% and 29% of Oxiteno’s net revenue from sales and services, respectively, were from sales outside Brazil. For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, 29%, 28% and 28% of Oxiteno’s sales volume, respectively, were from sales outside Brazil.

The following table shows Oxiteno’s domestic market sales volume by market segment for the period indicated:

|  | Year Ended December 31, |
Market sector |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |
|  | (in thousand tons) |
Polyester |  | 12 6.0 |  | 141.7 |  | 150.5 |
Cosmetics and detergents |  | 123.8 |  | 105.9 |  | 108.9 |
Crop protection |  | 85.0 |  | 79.5 |  | 86.5 |
Distributors |  | 53.4 |  | 50.6 |  | 50.6 |
Coatings |  | 45.7 |  | 47.8 |  | 46.7 |
EO / DOT (brake fluids) |  | 28.1 |  | 30.6 |  | 31.0 |
Performance p roducts(1) |  | 23.7 |  | 25.2 |  | 27.4 |
Oil and g as |  | 23.4 |  | 20.6 |  | 25.9 |
Glycols |  | 2 0.9 |  | 21.6 |  | 24.3 |
Others(2) |  | 4.8 |  | 4.4 |  | 5.4 |
Total Brazilian market |  | 534.7 |  | 527.9 |  | 557.3 |

(1) Includes food, civil construction, textiles, leather and paper.

(2) Includes mineral oils and polymers.

Many of Oxiteno’s commodity product prices in the Brazilian market are set by reference to international contract prices in U.S. dollars, although the prices are denominated in Reais. For specialty products, sales are individually negotiated and sometimes made pursuant to contracts. Specialty chemicals are designed to meet specific customer needs and face less competition from imported products. Accordingly, specialty chemicals have a higher value added and Oxiteno has more flexibility in pricing for these products.

Sales outside Brazil. Oxiteno’s export sales are made mainly to customers in the Mercosur, Far East, Europe and NAFTA. In Europe, Oxiteno exports its products mainly to Belgium, the Netherlands, Italy, Germany and France. In the Far East, Oxiteno exports its products mainly to China, Japan, Thailand, India and Taiwan.

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The following table sets forth Oxiteno’s sales by volume for each geographic market served by Oxiteno in the periods indicated:

| Year Ended December 31, |
Breakdown of sales volume outside Brazil | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |
| (in thousand metric tons and percentage of the total) |
From Oxiteno Brazil |  |  |  |
Mercosur (not including Brazil) | 51.9 |  | 24% |  | 41.2 |  | 20% |  | 37.1 |  | 18% |
Asia | 20.8 |  | 9% |  | 19.9 |  | 10% |  | 24.1 |  | 11% |
Europe | 15.1 |  | 7% |  | 19.4 |  | 9% |  | 17.3 |  | 8% |
NAFTA | 8.6 |  | 4% |  | 6.9 |  | 3% |  | 14.0 |  | 7% |
Other | 16.4 |  | 8% |  | 14.2 |  | 7% |  | 15.5 |  | 7% |
Sub-Total | 112.8 |  | 52% |  | 101.5 |  | 49% |  | 108.0 |  | 51% |
From Oxiteno Mexico |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mexico | 33.0 |  | 15% |  | 38.9 |  | 19% |  | 36.8 |  | 17% |
USA | 6.8 |  | 3% |  | 10.6 |  | 5% |  | 19.1 |  | 9% |
Other | 7.0 |  | 3% |  | 7.6 |  | 4% |  | 5.0 |  | 2% |
Sub-Total | 46.8 |  | 21% |  | 57.2 |  | 28% |  | 60.9 |  | 29% |
From Oxiteno Andina(1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Venezuela | 0.0 |  | 0% |  | 0.1 |  | 0% |  | 1.2 |  | 1% |
Other | 0.0 |  | 0% |  | 0.0 |  | 0% |  | 0.6 |  | 0% |
Sub-Total | 0.0 |  | 0% |  | 0.1 |  | 0% |  | 1.8 |  | 1% |
From Oxiteno Uruguay |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Brazil | 13.6 |  | 6% |  | 14.5 |  | 7% |  | 16.2 |  | 8% |
Uruguay | 3.6 |  | 2% |  | 6.3 |  | 3% |  | 9.4 |  | 4% |
USA | 1.8 |  | 1% |  | 1.0 |  | 0% |  | 1.1 |  | 1% |
Other | 20.7 |  | 9% |  | 17.9 |  | 9% |  | 19.2 |  | 9% |
Sub-Total | 39.7 |  | 18% |  | 39.7 |  | 19% |  | 45.9 |  | 22% |
From Oxiteno USA |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
USA | 44.2 |  | 20% |  | 33.7 |  | 16% |  | 31.8 |  | 15% |
Other | 2.1 |  | 1% |  | 1.6 |  | 1% |  | 1.2 |  | 1% |
Sub-Total | 46.3 |  | 21% |  | 35.3 |  | 17% |  | 33.0 |  | 16% |
Total(1)(2) | 218.5 |  | 100% |  | 205.7 |  | 100% |  | 211.5 |  | 100% |

(1) In October 2019, Oxiteno Andina was sold to a buyer in Venezuela.

(2) Does not include intercompany sales volume.

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Oxiteno exports a wide variety of chemical products including glycols, MEK, ethoxylated alkylphenols, glycol ether acetates, glycol ethers, ethanolamines and surfactants.

In most cases, Oxiteno’s sales prices for its commodity chemicals in the export markets are based on international prices. International spot prices are established by reference to published data regarding the price at which industry participants have sold the relevant product. In general, Oxiteno’s operating margins on products manufactured in Brazil and sold in the international market are lower than operating margins for similar products sold in the domestic market. Oxiteno intends to shift sales to the domestic market as local demand for its products increases but will continue to export and will maintain its presence in the international market, as Oxiteno is focused on expanding its presence in other specialty chemicals markets by opening international commercial offices.

Customers. Oxiteno’s most important customers for its commodity chemicals are chemical companies, surface coating producers and polyester producers. In turn, the customers for specialty chemicals constitute a variety of industrial and commercial enterprises including brake fluid distributors, agrochemical producers, manufacturers of food additives and manufacturers of detergents and cosmetics. Oxiteno believes that by distributing specialty chemical products to a variety of markets, it is thereby able to protect itself, to a certain extent, from the effects of a decrease in economic activity in any particular market.

In 2020, Oxiteno’s main customers in the domestic market included Monsanto, which mainly purchases ethanolamines, Unilever and Syngenta, which mainly purchase surfactants, MEGlobal and PQS, which mainly purchases glycols, and Brenntag, a third-party distributor. In the international market, Oxiteno sells both to industrial customers, including Unilever and Procter&Gamble, as well as trading companies and other third-party distributors. In 20 20, Oxiteno’s ten largest customers accounted for 35% of its net revenue from sales and services. No single customer accounted for more than 8% of Oxiteno’s net sales in such year.

Competition. Oxiteno has a competitive environment market in Brazil due to imports from international and transnational petrochemical industries. As imported products are mostly commodity chemicals, competition is based mainly on price. Importers incur additional costs when selling their products in the Brazilian market, due to import tariffs, which range between 0% and 20% (mainly between 2% and 14%), and additional freight charges. However, factors such as product quality, timely delivery, reliability of supply and technical service and support are also important competitive factors. Because it is a local producer, Oxiteno believes it has a competitive advantage over imports regarding timely delivery and reliability of supply.

In the case of specialty chemicals, pricing is a less decisive competitive factor than with true commodity chemicals, while conformity with specifications, product performance and reliability of service are comparatively more important. Access to technology, technical assistance and research and development are important factors regarding conformity to specifications and product performance, especially in the development of new products to meet customers’ needs. Oxiteno’s strategy involves ensuring access to technology through its own research and development activity, licensing and joint-ventures, if appropriate opportunities become available. In Mexico, Uruguay and in the USA, Oxiteno produces and sells only specialty chemicals.

Oxiteno’s main competitors are Shell Chemical, Dow Chemical, Clariant, BASF, Solvay and Stepan.

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Research and development. Oxiteno carries on a wide range of research and development activities, principally related to the application of specialty chemicals and improvements in production processes. As of December 31, 2020, 156 employees of Oxiteno were engaged in research and development and engineering activities. Oxiteno’s research and development expenditures in 2020, 2019 and 2018 were R$60 million, R$60 million and R$57 million, respectively.

Oxiteno’s investments in research and development have resulted in the introduction of 128 new applications for its products during the last three years. Oxiteno will continue to invest in research and development focused on developing new product applications to meet clients’ needs.

Raw materials. Oxiteno’s principal raw material is ethylene. For the year ended December 31, 2020, ethylene was responsible for 25% of Oxiteno’s variable costs of production and 21% of its total cost of sales and services. Among Oxiteno’s other raw materials, the principal materials include palm kernel oil, C4, butyl alcohol, primary fatty amine and phenol. Supply of ethylene constitutes an entry barrier for new ethylene oxide producers in Brazil since the current production capacity of ethylene by Brazilian crackers is committed to existing second-generation companies, including Oxiteno, and significant investments are needed for the construction of a new cracker. Additionally, ethylene’s transport and storage are complex and expensive because it must be kept at a temperature below -200 degrees Fahrenheit (-100 degrees Celsius) during transportation and storage, therefore importing and exporting of ethylene is generally uneconomical. Accordingly, the naphtha crackers, such as Braskem, are largely dependent for their sales upon the second-generation petrochemical companies, such as Oxiteno, located in the respective petrochemical complexes.

Ethylene supply. Ethylene is used to produce ethylene oxide at the Camaçari plant and the Mauá plant. Braskem supplies all of Oxiteno’s ethylene requirements for the Camaçari plant and Mauá plant, through pipelines, thus minimizing the costs of delivery of ethylene and helping to ensure the reliability of supply. See “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Petrochemicals and Chemicals—Industry and Regulatory Overview”.

Oxiteno has a supply agreement with Braskem, which establishes a minimum annual consumption level of ethylene and conditions for the supply of ethylene until 2021 at the Camaçari plant. The minimum purchase commitment clause is 205 thousand tons of ethylene per year. Should the minimum purchase commitment not be met, Oxiteno would be liable for a penalty of 40% of the current ethylene price for the quantity not purchased. The minimum purchase commitment is subject to proportional reduction in the case of scheduled shutdowns in the supplier’s or Oxiteno’s facilities.

In addition, Oxiteno has a supply agreement with Braskem that expires in 2023 at the Mauá plant. The contract establishes and regulates the conditions for the supply of ethylene to Oxiteno based on the international market for this product. The minimum purchase commitment clause is 44.1 thousand tons of ethylene annually. Should the minimum purchase commitment not be met, Oxiteno would be liable for a penalty of 30% of the current ethylene price for the quantity not purchased. The minimum purchase commitment is subject to proportional reduction in the case of scheduled shutdowns in the supplier’s and/or Oxiteno’s facilities. For further information, see “Item 5.F. Operating and Financial Reviews and Prospects—Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations”.

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Oxiteno does not maintain storage of ethylene and any unexpected interruptions in supply from the crackers would have an immediate impact on Oxiteno’s production. See “Item 3.D. Key Information— Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Ultrapar and Its Industries”.

First-generation petrochemical companies undergo scheduled maintenance shutdowns. Oxiteno anticipates these shutdowns by building up inventory. Oxiteno also uses these planned shutdowns for regular maintenance work on its own plants or eventual substitution of catalysts or for expansion of installed capacity.

Price of ethylene. The price of ethylene supplied by Braskem to Oxiteno for the production of goods to be sold in Brazil is linked to ethylene contract prices referenced to the North-Western Europe (NWE) markets to our plants in Camaçari and in Mauá.

The following table shows the average ethylene prices referenced to the North-Western Europe (NWE) contract prices:

|  | NWE |
|  | (US$/ton) |  | Equivalent to (R$/ton)(¹) |
2020 |  |  |  |  |
First Quarter |  | 1,051 |  | 5,417 |
Second Quarter |  | 0,740 |  | 3,814 |
Third Quarter |  | 0,908 |  | 4,682 |
Fourth Quarter |  | 0,930 |  | 4,796 |
Maximum Price in Year |  | 1,083 |  | 5,585 |
Minimum Price in Year |  | 0,671 |  | 3,459 |
Year Average |  | 0,907 |  | 4,677 |
2019 |  |  |  |  |
First Quarter |  | 1,133 |  | 4,468 |
Second Quarter |  | 1,197 |  | 4,721 |
Third Quarter |  | 1,113 |  | 4,390 |
Fourth Quarter |  | 1,077 |  | 4,250 |
Maximum Price in Year |  | 1,218 |  | 4,804 |
Minimum Price in Year |  | 1,058 |  | 4,174 |
Year Average |  | 1,130 |  | 4,457 |
2018 |  |  |  |  |
First Quarter |  | 1,308 |  | 5,069 |
Second Quarter |  | 1,291 |  | 5,001 |
Third Quarter |  | 1,319 |  | 5,111 |
Fourth Quarter |  | 1,248 |  | 4,837 |
Maximum Price in Year |  | 1,354 |  | 5,245 |
Minimum Price in Year |  | 1,120 |  | 4,340 |
Year Average |  | 1,292 |  | 5,005 |

(1) The figures in U.S. dollars have been converted into Reais using the exchange rate of US$1.00 = 5.156; US$1.00 = R$3.945 and US$1.00 = R$3.875 for 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, which is the commercial rate reported by the Central Bank on that date. This information is presented solely for the convenience of the reader.

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As naphtha is the main raw material to produce ethylene in Brazil, fluctuations in the price of naphtha strongly influence fluctuations in the price of ethylene. Because the main determinant of the price of naphtha is the price of crude oil, the price of naphtha, and thus ethylene, is subject to fluctuations based on changes in the international oil price. The increases in the price of ethylene could affect Oxiteno’s competitiveness in the petrochemical market. See “Item 3.D. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Ultrapar and Its Industr ies”.

In 2013, the Brazilian government announced a reduction in the PIS and COFINS taxes levied on certain raw materials for the petrochemical industry (first- and second- generation), including ethylene. As of December 31, 2020, the PIS and COFINS taxes levied on the acquisition of ethylene was 5.6%.

Other raw materials. For the year ended December 31, 2020, other raw materials, such as palm kernel oil, C4, butyl alcohol, acetic acid, nonene, phenol, primary fatty amine, ethanol, oxygen, base oils, ammonium and other accounted for approximately 44% of Oxiteno’s variable costs and 36% of its total costs of sales and services.

Oxiteno generally obtains these other raw materials from a variety of sources, except for phenol, which Oxiteno purchases principally from a single supplier, Rhodia Poliamida Especialidades Ltda., and for C4, which is supplied by Braskem in Triunfo.

Utilities. Electric power, steam and natural gas are the main utilities required for Oxiteno’s production. Part of the electricity and steam used by Oxiteno is generated internally and part is purchased from electricity companies and third-party suppliers of steam in the regions where Oxiteno’s plants are located. Natural gas is purchased from local companies. In 2020, electric power represented 2% of Oxiteno’s variable costs.

Maintenance and quality control. Oxiteno carries out a program of preventive maintenance at each of its plants and uses statistical analysis to help predict production problems. The shutdowns due to the maintenance program usually take place at the same time as the shutdowns for the change of the ethylene oxide catalyst. In the case of the ethylene oxide and ethylene glycol units at the Mauá and Camaçari plants, which have continuous production processes, maintenance is preferably scheduled for periods when the relevant cracker, which supplies ethylene to the plant, is scheduled to be shut down for maintenance. Each cracker is typically shut down for maintenance for a period of approximately 20 days every 36 to 48 months. The same happens to the Triunfo plant, which receives C4 from Braskem. In the case of the other production units at such plants and the Tremembé plants, maintenance is performed during scheduled breaks in production, and the frequency and period for maintenance vary depending on the nature of the product. Oxiteno uses its own employees for specialized maintenance and uses third-party contractors for routine maintenance. In addition, Oxiteno has a team of employees responsible for quality control that operates continuously.

Environmental, health and safety matters. Oxiteno continuously monitors its compliance with federal, state and municipal legislation applicable to its various places of operation. In accordance with applicable law, Oxiteno is strictly and jointly liable for losses and damages of an environmental nature. See “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Petrochemicals and Chemicals—Industry and Regulatory Overview— Environmental, health and safety standards”.

Each of Oxiteno’s plants is licensed by the competent environmental authorities. Licenses granted are valid for a fixed period of time and then must be renewed. The other terms of the licenses vary according to the applicable legislation and to the periodic inspections performed by environmental authorities.

Waste products from Oxiteno’s industrial plants are discharged in accordance with legal requirements. Effluents are discharged and treated in Oxiteno’s own treatment centers or by petrochemical complexes where it has activities. Oxiteno seeks to reprocess solid waste products in cement furnaces. Where reprocessing is not possible, these products are mainly incinerated.

Oxiteno’s health and safety indicators are comparable to relevant international standards and are a priority in Oxiteno’s activities and in the action plans for the upcoming years.

In addition to the legal requirements, Oxiteno voluntarily complies with other requirements, such as those related to the Responsible Care Program, issued by ABIQUIM, which sets forth international standards for environmental protection and occupational health as well as safety measures to be followed by chemical product producers.

Oxiteno developed an important project to increase the use of renewable raw materials, the oleochemical unit, which uses palm kernel oil, extracted from the palm seed, to produce fatty alcohols and its by-products. After the start-up of the oleochemical unit, the share of renewable raw materials in Oxiteno’s raw materials total costs reached 29% in 20 20. Oxiteno belongs to the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil, an organization that works to regulate the sustainable plantation of palm, aiming to strengthen its regional leadership and its sustainability practices.

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Sustainability. Oxiteno’s Strategic Sustainability Plan 2030 is based on eight pillars with objectives and goals that help to overcome the challenges balancing economic prosperity, ethical governance, people care, the protection of the environment and generating value for all stakeholders.

“Oxiteno's formula is good” is an internal campaign that the company recognizes not only the importance of the business, but also its impacts. Thus, the work is guided by the creation of increasingly innovative solutions, while valuing the people and the environment care.

One of the pillars of the Strategic Sustainability Plan 2030 is the v alue of the workforce. I n 2020, we foc us ed on seeking the health and safety of our workforce in all regions where we operate. Following ou r plans adopted in 2019, Oxiteno set up programs to support the evolution of the company's organizational culture, preparation of leaders and talents, as well as promoting engagement in the various stages of the professional cycle. Oxiteno created a multifunctional diversity committee that met virtually throughout the year to discuss topics aimed at developing a Diversity and Inclusion Policy (D&I), and the launch of the OxiEducation platform focusing on training employees in disciplines such as: customer focus, innovation and development of skills, and high performance teams.

Another important initiative is the partnership between Oxiteno and Specialisterne, a social company that supports the inclusion of people with autism in the market, resulting in the contracting of autists for the company's IT staff.

Social problems also increased in 2020 due to the pandemic of the new coronavirus, bringing more difficulties for those who live in the peripheries and slums of Brazil. To support vulnerable families, Oxiteno became a partner in the “Corona no Paredão. Fome não” campaign, created by the NGO “Gerando Falcões”, which collects and donates digital basic food baskets to registered families. Oxiteno helped more than 200 families, with basic food baskets that were sent to communities near their industrial units.

In 2020, many innovative projects were developed, such as the development of a tool to assess the sustainability performance of Oxiteno’ s portfolio, in order to leverage the development of innovative and more sustainable solutions. Oxiteno also promoted discussions with its main clients in 2020 to identify potential joint projects and opportunities that can accelerate positive environmental and social impacts.

The search for the reduction of environmental impacts, such as the use of water, energy, waste and GHG emissions, necessarily undergo optimization and process efficiency, directly resulting in cost savings and productivity increase. A n example is the project to reduce greenhouse gas emissions generated by the transport of Oxiteno's products. This initiative aims to optimize cargo and logistics routes, benefiting not only the environment but also promoting cost reduction and productivity.

In order to positively influence and promote sustainable development also in the value chain, Oxiteno became the first Brazilian chemical industry to stablish a partnership with EcoVadis. The company is a global leader in supply chain sustainability assessment. Thus, the objective is to promote the theme and create stable and long-term business relationships with our partners.

Income tax exemption status. Brazilian legislation provides a 75% income tax reduction for businesses located in the Northeast region of Brazil, which depends of SUDENE’s formal and previous approval. Oxiteno is entitled to this tax benefit at Oxiteno S/A and EMCA until 2026 and Oleoquímica until 2021. The total amount of SUDENE’s income tax reduction for Oxiteno for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 was R$37.9 million and R$18.0 million, respectively. For further information, see n ote 9.c to our consolidated financial statements.

The request for renewal of incentive from Oleoquímica will be filed in 2022. That renewal application is usually made in the year after the incentive expires and has retroactive effects to January of the year when the application was filed.

Fuel Distribution

Industry and Regulatory Overview

The Brazilian fuels market comprises the distribution and marketing of gasoline, ethanol, diesel, fuel oil, kerosene and natural gas for vehicles (NGV). In 2020, diesel represented 49% of the fuels distributed in Brazil, followed by gasoline, ethanol, NGV, fuel oils and kerosene, each of which represented 31%, 17%, 2%, 2% and less than 0.01%, respectively.

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Growth in the fuel s distribution sector has been directly influenced by GDP growth rates and size of light vehicle fleet. GDP growth is the main driver for diesel volume, given that diesel in Brazil is highly used for buses, trucks and agricultural engines. The size of the light vehicle fleet influences the growth in the combined volumes of gasoline, ethanol and NGV, which are basically used for light vehicles. The growth in the size of the car fleet in turn, is highly correlated with credit availability and disposable income. In recent years, the economic recession has affected the credit availability and levels of disposable income in Brazil. See “Item 5.D. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Trend Information”.

In December 2020, credit in Brazil reached 54% of GDP, compared to 48% in December 2019, 47% in December 2018, 47% in December 2017, and 49% in December 2016. Disposable income grew in Brazil in 2020, although unemployment rates remained high. As a result, sales of vehicles declined in 2020. According to ANFAVEA, approximately 2.0 million new light vehicles were registered in Brazil in 2020, a reduction of 26% compared to 2019. The average light vehicle fleet increased by 0.5% in 2020, reaching more than 43 million at the end of the year. Among t he total vehicles sold in 2020, 85% were flex-fuel vehicles, which have engines adapted to operate using either gasoline or ethanol, or by any combination of the two, 3% were gasoline-only fueled vehicles, 11% were diesel-only and 1% were electric vehicles. Since the launch of flex-fuel vehicles in Brazil in 2003, 37 million flex-fuel cars were sold in Brazil.

Moreover, recent changes to legislation and inspection in the fuel s distribution sector have helped to progressively curb unfair competition, creating a level playing field. These improvements should benefit the formal market by capturing the volume from the grey market.

According to ANP, the distribution of fuels (gasoline, ethanol and diesel) is made mainly through three channels, as follows:

- Service stations, which serve final retail consumers;
- Large consumers, mainly industries and fleets; and
- Retail—wholesale resellers—TRR, specialized resellers that distribute diesel to medium and small volume end-users.

The following chart shows the oil-derivative fuel distribution process in Brazil:

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The following chart shows the ethanol distribution process in Brazil:

Distribution of oil-derivative products is carried out through an extensive network of primary and secondary storage terminals. Primary storage terminals are generally located near refineries and are used to store products to be sold to customers (service stations, large consumers and TRRs) and to be transported to secondary storage terminals.

Oil-derivative products are transported from refineries and port terminals to storage terminals via pipelines, coastal or river shipment and trucks. Transportation of oil-derivative products between primary and secondary storage terminals is provided by pipeline, railroads, trucks and coastal or river barges. Ethanol is transported from the many distilleries to primary and secondary storage bases by trucks and railroads. Delivery to service stations, large consumers and TRRs is made exclusively by trucks.

All gasoline sold in Brazil must contain a certain proportion of anhydrous ethanol that can vary from 18% to 27%. Currently, the percentage of anhydrous ethanol mixed with gasoline is 27%. The Brazilian Sugar and Alcohol Interministerial Council (Conselho Interministerial do Açúcar e Álcool) establishes the percentage of anhydrous ethanol that must be used as an additive to gasoline (currently, at 27% in regular gasoline and 25% in additive/premium gasoline).

Gasoline “A”, as it is known in its unmixed form, is mixed with anhydrous ethanol at primary storage terminals or at secondary storage terminals. Gasoline “A” mixed with anhydrous ethanol, forms gasoline “C”, which is delivered directly to service stations and large consumers by truck.

Since 2008, under the Biodiesel Program, distributors have been required to include a percentage of biodiesel in the volume of diesel sold, in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In March 2016, the government enacted Law No. 13,263, which increased the required percentage of biodiesel mix to diesel to 8% until March 2017. On October 29, 2018, the National Council of Energy Policy published CNPE 16/2018 Resolution authorizing ANP to increase the biodiesel mix requirement to 15% until 2023, subject to technical testing of engines. The percentage of biodiesel mix to diesel reached 12% in 2020 and increased to 13% in March 2021. As of February 5, 2021, there were 10 3 fuel distributors authorized by the ANP to operate in Brazil.

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Supply. Petrobras is currently the only relevant domestic supplier of oil derivatives, accounting for 99% of Brazilian production. There are currently 19 oil refineries in Brazil, of which Petrobras owns 15. Petrobras’s total refining capacity in 2020 was around 280 thousand cubic meters per day. Brazilian refineries are located predominantly in the Southeast, Northeast, and South regions of Brazil. The overall product yield for these refineries in 2020 was 39% diesel, 20% gasoline, 16% fuel oil, 7% LPG and 18% other products, including naphtha. In 2020, 79% of oil derivates was supplied by local refineries and the remaining 21% was imported.

Ethanol is purchased from various producers. In 2020, approximately 32.8 million cubic meters of ethanol were produced, 31% of which was anhydrous ethanol and 69% was hydrated ethanol. Brazil’s supply of anhydrous and hydrated ethanol is seasonal and depends mostly on the sugarcane harvest.

Biodiesel is purchased from the many producers of biofuels in Brazil, and its main raw materials are tallow and soy seeds. As of December 31, 2020, there were 49 biodiesel producers, located predominantly in the Midwestern region. Brazil’s biodiesel production in 2020 was 6.4 billion of liters. Since 2008, which was the first year of the Biodiesel Program, Petrobras has been required to purchase biofuels in auctions promoted by ANP and supply distributors with amounts of biodiesel corresponding to the proportional volume of diesel purchased. This policy aims to prevent distributors from selling diesel without including the minimum required amount of biodiesel.

The role of the Brazilian government. The Brazilian government has historically regulated the pricing of oil and oil-derivative products, ethanol, natural gas and electric energy. From 1990 onwards, the Brazilian oil and gas sector has been significantly deregulated. Until the adoption of the Petroleum Law, the Brazilian government maintained strict control over the prices that could be charged by (i) refineries to distributors, (ii) distributors to service stations and other channels and (iii) service stations to end-users.

Currently there is no legislation or regulation in force giving the Brazilian government power to set oil-derivative and ethanol fuel prices. However, given that Petrobras is a state-controlled company and the dominant supplier in this market, prices of oil-derivative fuels are still subject to indirect government influence, resulting in potential differences between international prices and domestic oil-derivative prices.

In 2016, a new pricing for gasoline and diesel was established with the objective of, among other aspects, controlling fluctuating prices according to international references on a monthly basis. Therefore, gasoline and diesel prices became directly influenced by the international prices and the Real/U.S. dollar exchange rate. Under the new pricing dynamic, gasoline prices were reduced by 3.2% and 3.1% and increased by 8.1% in October, November and December 2016, respectively. On the same occasions, diesel prices were reduced by 2.7% and 10.4% and increased by 9.5%.

In 2017, the new price dynamic was updated in order to make daily price adjustments based on international references and the Real/U.S. dollar exchange rates. Also, in 2017, Brazilian Government announced an increase in PIS and COFINS taxes for gasoline and diesel. On gasoline the taxes levied increased from R$381.6 to R$792.5 per cubic meter, while for diesel it jumped from R$248.0 to R$461.5 per cubic meter.

In 2018, fuel costs increased in Brazil as oil prices rose globally and the Real depreciated. Consequently, at the end of May 2018, the truck drivers started a nationwide strike claiming for a decrease on diesel prices, exemption from tolls on passages without goods, a legal reform among others demands. The strike caused fuels and other consumer goods shortages all over the country. Therefore, the Brazilian government reacted by establishing emergency measures, such as minimum freight price table, reduction of R$460 per cubic meter (or R$0.46 per liter) in diesel price, being R$160 per cubic meter (or R$0.16 per liter) in CIDE and PIS and COFINS tax exemptions and R$300 per cubic meter (or R$0.30 per liter) by the subvention program up to December 31, 2018. Initially, prices were maintained for 60 days, and after this period, they were monthly adjusted according to a parametric formula established by the ANP. The program ended on December 31, 2018.

In 2019, Petrobras returned to the previous adjustment policy according to the international market. Therefore, gasoline and diesel prices are set by Petrobras taking into account the international parity price, including international prices and the Real exchange rate, together with logistics costs and margins to compensate Petrobras for the risks inherent in its business.

In 2020, Petrobras maintained a price adjustment policy with international parity for diesel and gasoline. However, in the last months of 2020, the readjustments practiced by company had longer intervals and domestic prices remained below the international price parity. In addition, gasoline and diesel sales prices decreased 3% and 14% in 2020, respectively, due to the significant volatility in the price of crude oil seen this year, as a result of the COVID-19 (See “Item 3.D. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Ultrapar and Its Industries—Our businesses may be materially and adversely affected by the outbreak of communicable diseases, such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, or other epidemics or pandemics” , and “Item 5.A. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects— Operating Results — Impact of ongoing COVID-19 pandemic”). In addition, in 2021, the Brazilian federal government, the controlling shareholder of Petrobras, called a general shareholders’ meeting for the replacement of Roberto da Cunha Castello Branco by Joaquim Silva e Luna as Petrobras' CEO. After this announcement, o ther members of Petrobras' senior management resigned. Although media reports have suggested that the decision to replace Mr. Castello Branco was related to February 2021 announcement of increases in prices for diesel and gasoline products, it remains unclear how changes in Petrobras' senior management will impact its price adjustment policy for diesel and gasoline.

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The following graphs show the price volatility of fuels acquired by the distributors from the refineries:

Source: Petrobras

Ethanol prices are deregulated, being freely charged by the ethanol producers. In order to curb unfair competitive practices in the ethanol sales, some measures have been taken by the government, supported by Sindicom members. In January 2017, PIS and COFINS taxes for ethanol producers were reestablished at R$120 per cubic meter, without any corresponding credit. In July 2017, the Brazilian Government announced an increase in PIS and COFINS taxes for ethanol. For ethanol producers, taxes levied increased from R$120.0 to R$130.9 per cubic meter and for ethanol distributers went from zero to R$110.9 per cubic meter.

In accordance with the publication of Law No. 11,097 in 2005, the National Biodiesel Program (Programa Nacional de Biodiesel) was created. Since 2008, a certain amount of biodiesel has been required to be added to diesel. In addition, some changes were required in the distributors’ facilities, as well as the restructuring of its logistics. In March 2016, the government enacted Law No. 13,263, which increased the required percentage of biodiesel mix to diesel to 8% until March 2017, reaching 10% up to 2019. On October 29, 2018, the National Council of Energy Policy published CNPE 16/2018 Resolution authorizing the ANP to increase the biodiesel mix requirement to 15% until 2023, subject to technical testing of engines.

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The role of Petrobras. Since its establishment in 1953, Petrobras maintained a legal monopoly in the exploration, production, refining, importing and transporting of crude oil and oil products in Brazil and its continental waters. This monopoly was confirmed in Brazil’s federal constitution enacted in 1988. As a result, Petrobras has historically been the sole supplier of oil and oil-derivatives in Brazil.

In 1995, Petrobras’ monopoly was removed from the federal constitution by a constitutional amendment approved by the Brazilian Congress. According to this amendment, other state and private companies are permitted to compete against Petrobras in virtually all fields in which Petrobras operates. This amendment was also reflected in Law No. 9,478, dated August 6, 1997, which limited Petrobras’ monopoly to a maximum period of three years. Law No. 9,478 prescribed that the termination of Petrobras’ monopoly would be accompanied by the deregulation of oil, gas and oil-derivative product prices, and created a new regulatory agency, the ANP, to oversee all oil-related activities. However, in practice, Petrobras still remains basically the largest domestic oil-derivative supplier of oil and oil-related products, including naphtha, LPG and oil-derivative fuels in Brazil, even though there are no legal restrictions on the operations of other suppliers or to imports.

From 1971 until 2019, Petrobras acted in the Brazilian fuel distribution market through its subsidiary BR. Since 2019, BR became a private company. BR is the leader in the fuel distribution market, with market share (for gasoline, ethanol and diesel) of 24.6% in 2020, according to ANP.

With the discovery of the pre-salt reservoirs, the Brazilian government adopted a series of measures in the regulatory environment, establishing a new legal framework for the oil industry, which may result in a series of regulations, such as production-sharing and concession contracts, among others. This discovery may bring a new scenario for the sector, creating major investments and adaptations in infrastructure such as new refineries, highways, pipelines, platforms, ports and ships, among others.

The role of the ANP. The ANP is responsible for the control, supervision and implementation of the Brazilian government’s policies with respect to activities related to oil, natural gas and biofuels. The ANP regulates all aspects of the industry, from the exploration and/or production, transportation to the sale of these products, including product quality standards, to the minimum storage capacities required to be maintained by distributors with respect to oil and oil products in Brazil. Prior to 1999, there were no formal requirements imposed by the Brazilian government on the fuel distribution segment. Distributors were only required to register with the national department of fuels or the national Petroleum Agent or the National Agency prior to starting operations. The Resolution ANP No 58/2014 establishes that a fuel distributor, in order to operate in Brazil, must obtain an operating authorization and meet certain minimum requirements of operation, including:

- minimum paid-in capital of R$4,500,000.00; and
- proof of financial capacity equivalent to expected volumes to be sold (proof of such capacity may include proof of ownership of assets, insurance or a bank guarantee).

ANP is also responsible for establishing the limits of oil-based fuel volume purchased by distributors based on their storage capacity. Fuel distributors are required to provide the ANP with monthly reports showing their previous month ly sales.

Fuel distribution for service stations and large consumers must be carried out only by a registered distributor. TRRs are allowed to trade only diesel, lubricants and grease to small-end consumers. Each distributor must provide the ANP with information regarding its contracted independent dealers on a monthly basis. The construction of storage facilities and approval for new retail sellers to operate is subject to the prior approval of the ANP. Service stations and storage facilities may only begin operations after ANP inspections.

Regulation. Distributors are prohibited from operating service stations, other than for training purposes or for the development and testing of new products and services, and therefore, service stations are operated by independent resellers. Three types of arrangements between distributors and service station operators are generally used in the fuels industry: (i) the distributor owns land, equipment and buildings for a service station and leases to an operator, (ii) a third party owns land, leases it to a distributor who constructs a service station facility or makes improvements to an existing facility and leases the station to an operator and (iii) the operator or a third party owns the land and constructs a service station facility or makes improvements to an existing facility, which is typically financed by the distributor (the most common practice in Brazil). Agreements between distributors and operators of service stations are generally exclusive for a given period. In exchange for being an exclusive reseller, the operator is granted the right to operate under the distributor’s brand name. The agreement might also include provisions related to the leasing of pumps and tanks, layout standards, training, quality control, technical and financial support, marketing and advertising support and franchises for complementary services, such as convenience stores (AmPm) and lubricant servicing franchises (Jet Oil).

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Sindicom is the association that represents the interests of major Brazilian fuel distributors, with its members accounting for 6 4.3% of the Brazilian fuel market in 2020. The association was formed in 1941 and its primary purpose is to promote uniform standards for industry regulation and to provide a forum in which members can discuss matters affecting the industry. Sindicom represents its members in discussions before federal and state governmental bodies and presents its members perspectives on relevant laws and regulations, including those relating to taxation, operations, industrial and occupational safety and environmental protection.

During the 1990s, when the process of deregulation began in the fuel distribution sector in Brazil, a number of parties entered the market with a business model based on cost advantages derived from anticompetitive practices through fuel adulteration and tax evasion, including (i) diluting gasoline by mixing solvents or adding anhydrous ethanol in an amount greater than the permitted by applicable law (anhydrous ethanol has its taxation incorporated into gasoline “A” and is historically cheaper than gasoline), (ii) non-payment of federal taxes on fuels, taxes on gross revenues and state value-added taxes and (iii) selling anhydrous ethanol mixed with water as hydrated ethanol. Such practices have enabled these players, all of them non-Sindicom distributors, to increase their market share by charging artificially lower prices also based on artificially lower costs. Sindicom distributors, including Ipiranga, have taken, individually and collectively, a number of actions targeted at reducing or eliminating the effects of these anticompetitive and illegal practices.

Among the actions taken were: (i) significant interaction with the Brazilian judiciary, including holding seminars for judges and prosecutors concerning the problems facing the industry and directly participating in tax litigation involving distributors that are not Sindicom members, (ii) sponsorship of the development of a chemical coloring solvent that is added to anhydrous ethanol, in order to prevent the addition of water (and later to be sold as hydrated ethanol), (iii) support of ANP resolution that restricts the sale of hydrated ethanol by producers to distributors and prohibits sales by producers to resellers or end-consumers; (iv) support of ANP resolution that forbids distributors to sell fuels to resellers operating under another brand, except for white-flag dealers, who operate without a brand; (v) contribution to the development of CODIF, a system that electronically controls the collection of value-added taxes on fuel sales, (vi) support in the implementation of electronic invoices at the federal level, concluded in 2008, (vii) support for ANP regulation which established brand definition and the obligation of disclosing the origin of the fuels in order to inhibit certain distributors from using a fake brand (known as cloned stations); and (viii) the suggestion of several other measures, supported by ANP, including focusing the collection of PIS and COFINS on distilleries and the installation of flow meters, which were included in Law No. 11,727/2008. As a result of these efforts, the more regulated market has contributed to the weakening of the business model of lower prices based on artificially lower costs and unfair practices, creating a level playing field and increasing sales volume of the formal market.

Environmental, health and safety standards. Fuel distributors are subject to Brazilian federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to environmental protection, safety and occupational health and safety licensing by the fire department and transportation. The CONAMA is the principal responsible for ruling and accepting matters with respect to the environment. Environmental state agencies and municipal departments are also responsible for establishing and supervising complementary laws and regulations within its areas of operation.

Fuel distributors must obtain authorizations and/or licenses from federal, state and/or municipal environmental agencies and fire departments to implement and operate their facilities. They are required to develop programs to control air and water pollution and hazardous waste. Emergency plans for its plants and headquarters, involving communities, public companies and other private companies must also be implemented. Additionally, fuel distributors must also comply with laws from the Ministry of Economy, which prescribes occupational health and safety standards. To maintain a safe and healthy workplace, companies must carry out comprehensive occupational health and safety programs.

Fuels may be transported only under special conditions. In Brazil, transportation of dangerous products is regulated, and the regulations cover all modes of transport.

Decarbonization credits. The RenovaBio Program wa s designed to support Brazil’s COP21 goals and was launched in 2016 by the Ministry of Mines and Energy (MME), instituted as the “National Biofuels Policy”. RenovaBio’s goal is to reduce carbon emissions and encourage the consumption and production of biofuels in Brazil, contributing to a higher share of renewable fuels of Brazil’s energy matrix. This program foresees that biofuel producers will generate CBIO’s (biofuel decarbonization credit) in an amount related to the volume produced, and distributors receives decarbonization targets according to the volume of oil products sold, to their share of CO2 emissions in gasoline and diesel, and then they are required to acquire CBIO’s to achieve those targets. The CBIO acquired are recorded at acquisition cost and are retired in the year to fulfill the individual target set by the ANP.

In December 2019, the Renova B io P rogram was fully implemented. Despite coming into effect in 2019, Ipiranga was not required to buy CBIOs that year as the target for 2019 was required to be purchased in 2020. In 2020, the total target pursuant to the RenovaBio Program was 14.5 million CBIOs, and Ipiranga acquired 2.9 million CBIOs, in connection with its own individual target under RenovaBio Program.

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Ipiranga

Ipiranga was established in 1937 and is one of the largest fuel distributors in Brazil, with 18.5% market share in terms of sales volume in ethanol, gasoline and diesel in 2020, according to ANP. Ipiranga distributes diesel, gasoline, ethanol, NGV, fuel oil, kerosene, ARLA 32 (liquid agent to reduce nitrogen oxides emissions from heavy vehicles), lubricants and greases nationwide through its network of 7,107 service stations and 85 storage terminals as of December 31, 2020.

Ipiranga has implemented a differentiation strategy by offering a broad range of products and services throughout its service station network. This strategy has led to a significant and growing convenience store business, branded AmPm, including the expansion of the bakery network and private label products under the same brand, as well as lubricant servicing businesses, Jet Oil and the consolidation of other related products and services.

Ipiranga conducts its commercial operations through four business units, as follows:

- Network of Service Stations - fuel distribution through retail service stations;
- Business to B usiness - large consumers and TRRs;
- AmPm - convenience store; a nd
- Jet Oil - oil exchange service centers.

In 2016, Ipiranga entered into a joint-venture agreement with Chevron to create a new company in the lubricants business, Iconic, of which Ipiranga and Chevron hold 56% and 44% respectively. The operation began in the end of 2017. The JV combines two complementary and experienced companies in this business, aiming at value creation by sharing best practices and strengthening its position in the competitive Brazilian lubricants market. The combination of the two businesses increases the capillarity of the sales channels in Brazil through Ipiranga’s network, as well as through Ipiranga’s and Chevron’s lubricant distributors network. Currently, Iconic serves more than 100 thousand customers among industries, retail and large consumers in Brazil through more than 30 authorized distributors. The company operates three plants, two in the state of Rio de Janeiro and one in São Paulo. Iconic sells lubricants, greases and coolants under Ipiranga and Texaco brands. For the year ended December 31, 2020, Iconic's sales volume was approximately 2 67 thousand cubic meters.

Fuel distribution

Ipiranga operates in the retail segment of the fuel distribution market through a network of service stations operating under the Ipiranga brand throughout Brazil. Sales volume from service stations network accounted for 7 5% of total sales in 2020. Ipiranga also operates in the business-to-business (B2B) segment with more than five thousand customers, such as state and municipal governments, industries and cargo and passenger transportation fleet owners. Distribution to B2B accounted for 2 5% of Ipiranga's sales in 2020.

In 2020, the fuel volume sold by Ipiranga decreased 8.7%, with sales volume of diesel decreasing 3.2%. The volume of gasoline, ethanol and NGV was 14.3% lower compared to the previous year, with a reduction of 13.1%, 16.0% and 24.3% in gasoline, ethanol and NGV, respectively.

The table below shows Ipiranga’s sales of fuels by products:

| The year ended December 31, |
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |
| (in thousand cubic meters) |
Diesel | 11,164.2 |  | 11,533.3 |  | 11,964.5 |
Gasoline | 6,417.2 |  | 7,380.8 |  | 7,589.0 |
Ethanol | 3,247.4 |  | 3,864.7 |  | 3,375.5 |
Lubricants | 266.7 |  | 279.8 |  | 292.4 |
Others(1) | 365.5 |  | 435.6 |  | 458.2 |
Total volume sold | 21,461.0 |  | 23,494.1 |  | 23,679.6 |

(1) Includes NGV, fuel oil, kerosene and ARLA 32.

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Network of Service Stations. Responsible for 7 5% of total sales in 2020, the retail segment of the fuel distribution market has a network of 7,107 service stations operating under the Ipiranga brand throughout Brazil.

In 2020, Ipiranga prioritized the return on investment (ROI) in its service station assets, targeting new service stations with higher return potential, which resulted in a n increase of 17 stations in its network during the year. As of December 31, 2020, there were 7,107 service stations, of which 902 had the land either owned by Ipiranga or under a long-term lease to Ipiranga and 6,205 owned by third parties. In 2020, 90% of these service stations were located in urban areas, with the remaining 10% located on highways.

Ipiranga generally enters into three types of arrangements with resellers in which: (i) Ipiranga owns the land, the service station and its equipment and leases it to an operator, (ii) a third party owns the land and leases it to Ipiranga and it constructs a service station facility or make improvements to an existing facility and further leases the station to an operator and (iii) the operator or a third party owns the land and constructs a service station facility or makes improvements to an existing facility that is typically financed by Ipiranga. Under the terms of the contracts and in accordance with applicable law, each reseller operating under Ipiranga’s brand must purchase fuels exclusively from us.

Ipiranga has created incentive programs over the years in order to strengthen brand loyalty and its relationship with its resellers’ network, in order to differentiate itself from its competitors. These incentive programs include annual rewards to its resellers, such as international trips through the relationship program Clube do Milhão (Million Club), upon the accomplishment of pre-established goals. Ipiranga also establishes relationship programs with resellers’ employees, such as Clube Vip (VIP Club), to encourage the sale of added-value products and services, including credit cards, such as Cartão Ipiranga (Ipiranga private label credit card), Cartão Ipiranga Carbono Zero (Ipiranga Zero Carbon Card), premium gasoline and lubricants. Training programs are provided to these employees focusing on developing their knowledge about the business and their capacity for selling products and services.

B2B. Ipiranga operates in the B2B segment with more than five thousand clients, such as state and municipal governments, industries and cargo and passenger transportation fleet owners. In 2020, Ipiranga’s ten largest clients in B2B segment accounted for 16% of its revenue and no single customer accounted for more than 4%. Distribution to B2B represented 2 5% of Ipiranga’s sales in 2020.

Contracts. The relationship between Ipiranga and its clients is generally governed by exclusive supply contracts with terms ranging from 1 to 5 years. The types of contracts change according to the distribution channel. For service stations, contracts usually have terms of 3 to 5 years. Our commercial strategy includes the concession of bonuses agreements, which can be paid upfront (received on the signing of the contract) and/or post-paid (through the achievement of certain targets defined in contract). For the B2B segment, Ipiranga sell s fuels in the spot market or under exclusive supply contracts, with the terms ranging from 1 to 3 years on average. Ipiranga has been working to increase the percentage of supply of fuels in the B2B segment under exclusive supply contracts by providing additional services and generating value to its clients.

Distribution infrastructure. Ipiranga operated through 85 storage terminals as of December 31, 2020 that were strategically located to facilitate fast and efficient delivery of its products. There are two types of facilities: primary storage terminals, generally located near the coast and major cities, which are supplied by refineries through pipelines, and secondary storage terminals, which are mainly located inland, and are supplied by primary terminals by railroad or through road transportation for locations not accessible by railroad. Ethanol is supplied to the terminals mostly by road.

Ipiranga has its own fleet of trucks through its transportation company, Tropical, which was responsible for transporting 32% of the volume of fuels sold by Ipiranga in 2020, with the remaining portion of the transportation provided by third parties.

Supply of fuels. Currently, Ipiranga and its competitors purchase the majority of oil-derivative fuels from Petrobras under a formal supply contract that establishes the volume and the terms of supply. The contract with Petrobras is renewed annually and the volume contracted is based on the volume estimated for the year. The procedures for ordering and purchasing fuels from Petrobras are generally common to all distributors, including Ipiranga. There have been no significant interruptions in the supply of fuels by Petrobras to the distributors, except for an interruption in 1995 due to a 15-day strike by Petrobras employees. In 2020, 79% of oil derivates was supplied by local refineries and the remaining 21% was imported.

The ethanol fuel market in Brazil consists of corn and sugarcane mills, producing sugar, ethanol and Dried Distillers Grains (DDG). Ethanol production from sugarcane occurs approximately eight months per year and ethanol from corn runs through the whole year. A portion of the production is stored in the distilleries to meet demand during the inter-harvest season. Distilleries produce two types of ethanol: (i) anhydrous ethanol, which must be blended with gasoline and (ii) hydrated ethanol, which is essentially used for flex fuel vehicles.

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Ethanol in Brazil is substantially based on sugarcane that can either be used to produce ethanol or sugar. As of December 31, 202 0, t here were 359 ethanol production facility, concentrated mainly in the Southeast and Midwest regions. From an ethanol producer’s perspective, the production ratio between ethanol and sugar is determined based on the respective prices of ethanol in the Brazilian market and of sugar in the international markets, such choice being fundamental for leveraging the profitability of their plant. Although ethanol production is subject to favorable climate conditions, the risk of interruptions in supply is primarily confined to the end of the harvest.

Ethanol producers have been investing in production capacity based on higher fuel consumption and prices, also encouraged by the Brazilian decarbonization program, RenovaBio.

Storage of fuels. Ipiranga stores its fuels in large tanks at each of its facilities located throughout the regions in which it operates. Primary facilities receive fuels directly from Petrobras by pipeline and from distilleries by railroad and road transportation, while secondary facilities are supplied by railroad and trucks. See “Item 4.D. Information on the Company—Property, Plant and Equipment”. In 2020, Ipiranga’s storage capacity was 852.2 thousand cubic meters. Based on its 2020 average sales, Ipiranga can store approximately eleven days of fuel supply. Accordingly, an interruption in the production of oil-based fuels for longer than that time period could result in shortages, such as the one that occurred during the Petrobras strike in 1995. See “—The role of Brazilian government”.

In March 2019, Ipiranga was awarded the concession of specific areas in Vitória (ES) and Cabedelo (PB) through the consortia Navegantes and Nordeste, respectively, in which Ipiranga holds one third of the total participation, together with BR and Raízen. The concessions require the consortia to build and operate a minimum storage capacity for the Nordeste consortium of 45 thousand cubic meters at the start of operations, currently expected to 2021, and after two years expanding to a total of 64 thousand cubic meters, while the minimum storage capacity of the Navegantes consortium is 66 thousand cubic meters, with initial operation currently expected during 2023. In April 2019, Ipiranga won two concessions in the port of Miramar, in Belém (PA): (i) area BEL02A, through a consortium 50% owned by Ipiranga and 50% owned by Raízen, with a minimum storage capacity of 16.7 thousand cubic meters at the start of operations and after two years expanding to a total of 49 thousand cubic meters, and (ii) area BEL04A, which is currently operated by Ipiranga, therefore maintaining its operation in the region, with minimum storage capacity of 23 thousand cubic meters. These were strategic moves for Ipiranga, which improves logistics efficiency of fuels distribution through its own storage capacity and contributes to better quality services in the respective regions.

AmPm

AmPm convenience store is the fifth largest franchise network in the country, according to ABF’s (Brazilian franchising association) ranking in 20 20, with 1,804 stores, a penetration of 25% in the total service stations as of December 31, 2020.

Through its AmPm convenience stores, Ipiranga has been developing initiatives to increase product offerings. In 2010, we announced the launch of private label products, including energy drinks and snacks, and the expansion of the AmPm bakeries, providing to resellers an additional source of income, as well as strengthening the AmPm brand. In 2020, we expanded the bakery foodservice mix and items related to grocery, health and beauty care categories, following our new product mix management policy. The AmPm private label portfolio is also under ongoing review to create new premium product lines with higher value for customers and differentiated margins for franchisees.

With nationwide presence, our bakeries serve fresh products, such as bread, coffee, snacks and hot meals through more than 1 5 0 items, including AmPm branded products. A convenience store with a bakery has the potential to increase revenues by 100% compared to a regular AmPm by offering more products of daily consumption and increasing the flow of costumers in the store. Ipiranga ended 2020 with 810 bakeries.

In 2014, Ipiranga launched a new beer purchase experience through its Beer Cave, which is a walk-in refrigerated area that stores more than 100 premium brands of beer. Ipiranga ended 2020 with 480 Beer Caves.

In order to strengthen the AmPm convenience stores’ product offerings and operations, Ipiranga launched in 2014 its own supply solution. The AmPm Suprimentos concentrates logistics, sales and customer service of the convenience store main products in just one structure – covering 42% of the products basket and serving approximately 1.4 thousand stores. This initiative aims to streamline the AmPm convenience store’s operation, increase the competitiveness of franchisees and ensure higher-quality product range and higher standardization of products assortment and availability. This model allows the entry of a wider range of suppliers, who are unable to deliver to each store individually, and eliminates the effort required for franchisees to keep their stores stocked.

At the end of 2020, AmPm Suprimentos operated four distribution centers located in Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul states, which supply the stores in those states with the main categories of products, except tobacco and ice cream.

Ipiranga presented in São Paulo new configurations of the AmPm store concept in 2015, called AmPm Super Store from 300 m 2 to 600 m 2, with a n extended mix of products. The new AmPm store models increase the options for complementary revenues to resellers. As of December 31, 2020, there were 5 stores with these new concepts installed in the states of Santa Catarina, Paraná, São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro.

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In September 2020, a new criteri a was adopted for franchises write-off s. We began to write off franchises that have not been operating for at least 6 months, franchises that formally ceased operations as agreed with us or franchises that are located on sites that are no longer an Ipiranga branded service station. We also promoted a significant evolution in our physical store concept, removing the AmPm brand from stores that we believe were no longer suitable for this new o mnichannel model for structural or operational reasons.

In order to expand our franchise network, we also started operating our own AmPm stores. As of December 31, 2020, we already owned 55 AmPm units. AmPm's company-owned operation are intended to (i) strengthen the franchise model, (ii) achieve operational excellence, (iii) boost the profit of the business model, (iv) test the business model, and (v) work as a transitional operation model when franchisees withdraw or until we believe the franchise model is sufficient to lead to critical mass and turnover in the region where own stores are located.

The company-operated stores ha ve a management model focused on business results, efficient management controls and a specialized team with experience in retail management. The location choices are determined by an expansion committee that analyze s the trade with indicators and decide whether to go ahead with the venue in question. This allows the Company to accelerate the expansion of AmPm in a more strategic and secure way aiming the financial return of each business.

In January 2020, AmPm released a new store model, developed with what we believe to be the most up-to-date concepts in the global C-Store market. This new store focuse s on ​​a more fluid and less frictional consumer journey, emphasizing foodservice. As a result, the first stores using this concept show an average growth in sales of food category products. We believe this new store concept changes the way customer shop in AmPm by allowing customers to be closer to walk-in coolers, including a beer cave format, and to have a digital experience, including a digital drive thru pursuant to which customers can purchase products in the app without leaving their own cars. As of December 31, 2020, AmPm had 25 stores in the new concept, being 10 company-operated stores and 15 franchises. We expect to implement this new omnichannel concept as part of our plan to achieve operational excellence of our AmPm stores.

The table below shows the highlights of AmPm stores:

|  | 2020 |  | 2019 |
Number of gas stations |  | 7,107 |  | 7,090 |
Number of stores |  | 1,804 |  | 2,377 |
Penetration |  | 25% |  | 34% |
Revenues (in millions of Reais) |  | 1,738.6 |  | 1,980.6 |
SKUs |  | 1,563 |  | 1,300 |
Average area (in square meters) |  | 60.1 |  | 58.5 |

AmPm revenues include a fixed franchising fee and a percentage of total revenues, which generally range between 4% and 8%. We also receive merchandising fees linked to contracts with suppliers, which establish trade agreements for the convenience stores. The model of convenience stores integrated with service stations is complementary, increasing fuel sales by 18%, on average.

Service stations convenience stores’ revenues in the Brazilian markets were R$7.5 billion in 2018 (last data available), a 1.5% growth compared to 2017, according to Sindicom. We believe the sector has potential for continued growth, mainly due to the shifts in cultural and household habits, such as (i) higher participation of women in the labor market, (ii) the increase of single-person households and smaller apartments, (iii) urbanization, increasing population density and logistical complexity, among others.

The convenience proposal increasingly adapts to the needs of consumers who seek practicality and speed in their routine, trying to solve their demands in a single stop. Thus, convenience stores fit the ideal model, adapting a complete service in one place.

These strategic differentiation initiatives implemented by Ipiranga resulted in a better value proposition for customers and resellers, generating benefits for the whole chain – the consumer gets access to differentiated products and services, the reseller earns higher revenues, and the service station obtains a differentiated positioning, turning Ipiranga into a convenience business platform for facilitating people’s daily routine and mobility.

Jet Oil

The Jet Oil business unit, Ipiranga’s lubricant-changing and automotive specialized service network, is the twelfth in ABF (Associação Brasileira de Franquias – Brazilian Franchise Association) ranking among all kind of franchises. Jet Oil ended 20 20 with 1,172 franchises.

More than s ix thousand oil changes were made at Jet Oil units per day and 65% of the products sold were premium products in 2020. Jet Oil units offer an oil change service that features technology and safety, unifying quality products and expert services. These attributes translate Jet Oil’s slogan for consumers: “The full care that your car deserves”.

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Competition

Ipiranga’s main competitors in 20 20 were:

- Petrobras Distribuidora S.A. (“BR”), a subsidiary of Petrobras, which has been operating in the Brazilian fuel distribution sector since 1971. BR is the Brazilian market leader and operates throughout the entire country. In 2017, BR concluded its initial public offering, listing the shares on B3. Since 2019, as disclosed by BR, Petrobras is no longer the controlling shareholder of BR, even though it continues to hold a significant stake in BR.
- Raízen Combustíveis S.A. (“Raízen”), a joint-venture between Cosan S.A. (“Cosan”) and Shell International Petroleum Company Limited (“Shell”), a subsidiary of Royal Dutch Shell. Cosan, through its subsidiaries, is the largest producer of sugar and ethanol in Brazil, having entered the fuel distribution market in 2008, when it acquired Esso’s fuel distribution business in Brazil. In 2011, Cosan established Raízen, a joint-venture with Shell by combining certain of their respective assets, including their respective distribution businesses.

In addition, a number of small local and regional distributors entered the Brazilian fuel distribution market in the late 1990’s, after the market was deregulated, which further increased competition in such market. Moreover, in 2018, some important international players entered the Brazilian fuel distribution market: (i) Glencore Oil Participações Ltda., a Swiss company, through the acquisition of 78% of Alesat Combustíveis S.A.; (ii) Total, a French company, through the acquisition of 100% of Zema; (iii) PetroChina, a Chinese company, through the acquisition of 30% of TT Work and (iv) Vitol, a Dutch company, acquired 50% of Rodoil and, subsequently, Rodoil acquired 100% of MegaPetro Petróleo Brasil S.A.. In 2019, Vitol also acquired 50% of Dislub Equador (a company based in Recife in the Northeast of Brazil) and therefore became a nationwide player in the distribution market.

The following table sets forth the market share of Ipiranga and its main competitors based on volume of gasoline, ethanol and diesel sold, according to ANP and Sindicom data:

| Year ended December 31, |
Distributor(1) | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |
BR Distribuidora | 24.6% |  | 24.8% |  | 26.3% |
Raízen | 20.8% |  | 21.0% |  | 20.6% |
Ipiranga | 18.5% |  | 19.3% |  | 20.2% |
Others | 36.1% |  | 34.9% |  | 32.9% |
Total | 100.0% |  | 100.0% |  | 100.0% |

(1) Volume sold of gasoline, ethanol and diesel.

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The retail market for gasoline, diesel and ethanol in Brazil is highly competitive, with similar products and relatively low margins. Therefore, our strategy is to differentiate ourselves in the market by offering value-added services to complement our main products, aiming to be the preferred choice of customers. For more information on Ipiranga’s strategy see “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Our Strateg ies—Enhance retail network”. The following graphs show sales volumes for the Brazilian market and Ipiranga for the periods indicated:

¹ Diesel, gasoline, ethanol (Source: ANP and Sindicom) and NGV (Source: Abegás). Information provided by ANP and Sindicom are subject to retroactive adjustments and, therefore, can differ from the information contained herein.

Socio-environmental responsibility and quality. Since 2013, Ipiranga is a signatory of the UN Global Compact, an initiative sponsored by the United Nations formed by companies, institutions and the society. Its main goal is to mobilize the international business community to adopt internationally accepted business practices in the areas of human rights, labor relations, environment and anti-corruption intended to promote sustainable growth and civic awareness. Ipiranga annually publishes a Communication of Progress—COP—showing projects and actions taken during the year to comply with the UN Global Compact.

In 2020, Ipiranga developed its Sustainability Policy with strategic sustainability guidelines contemplating the following topics and corresponding structured action plans: act with ethics and integrity; data privacy; be a reference in eco efficiency in the value chain through the efficient use of natural resources and materials; soil and water contamination; climate change; labor relations; diversity; health and safety; conscious consumption; urban mobility; supply chain; proximity with the network and consumers; and relationship in the neighborhood.

Ipiranga has adopted its own environmental management system through a program named SIGA+ (Ipiranga’s management system applied to health, safety, environment, quality and social responsibility), which applies what we believe to be the highest international standards to its policies and practices. Ipiranga’s Betim terminal also has ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certifications and in for 2021 aims a recertification under ISO 45001, for the replacement of OHSAS 18001 (Safety and Occupational Health Management System) certificate.

In order to minimize the impact of its activities, through SIGA +, Ipiranga monitors and manages the units' performance indicators to seek alignment with the reference standards for integrated management and continuous improvement. The data are audited annually to categorize the performance of the operating units into five levels. The system has been restructured in order to provide greater efficiency and agility. In addition, Ipiranga has been implementing energy efficiency and, since 2007, has had the Ipiranga Zero Carbon Program, which offers to its clients the possibility of offsetting emissions from burned fuel on vehicles and also includes Ipiranga’s greenhouse gas direct emissions offsetting. The program has been submitted to third-party independent auditing since 2012.

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To promote our culture of work safety policy, Ipiranga has a program that seeks to offer adequate physical conditions, efficient procedures and safe employee behavior in its operations. The Security Program incentivizes engagement and training of collaborators, to make them agents of change. Through the “360º Security” Communication Plan, the company engages employees and third parties through cultural actions throughout the year. Ipiranga also follows the evolution of the safety culture in all business areas, through internationally recognized behavioral analysis methodologies. In 2020, one of the main concerns was to ensure the health and protection of employees and collaborators of the operational units against COVID-19. This year, the new Business Continuity Plan improved the guidelines to support crisis and emergency management and developed the contingency plan to minimize impacts on operations.

Retail Pharmacy

Industry Overview

The retail pharmacy business in Brazil is responsible for the purchase, distribution and resale of medicines to end consumers through drugstores. It is also a common practice in this industry to sell beauty and personal care products as well as certain convenience products at drugstores. Its main suppliers are pharmaceutical producers and beauty and personal care producers.

The retail pharmacy business is a highly regulated industry. In Brazil, the regulation of the sector is executed by the Federal Government, the State and Municipalities. The Federal Government enacts laws and regulations of general applicability, which are enforced and complemented by actions of the States and Municipalities. At the federal level, the health and pharmaceutical sectors are regulated and supervised by the Ministry of Health, through ANVISA, a public agency established by Federal Law No. 9,782/99 and regulated by Decree No. 3,029/99.

In addition, pursuant to Law No. 10,742/03 and Decree No. 4,766/03, the regulation of standards and criteria for setting and adjusting the prices of medicines in Brazil is established by the Drug Market Regulation Chamber (“CMED”), which fixes a capped price for sales from pharmaceutical companies to their distributors, and for final sales to consumers. This capped-price is based on the mechanism which comprises essentially: (i) an inflation rate measured by the IPCA; (ii) factor of productiveness, which is a percentage calculated based on future earnings of productivity by the pharmaceutical industry; and (iii) factor of price adjustments, which is a percentage calculated based on the input costs applicable among market sector prices and to intra-sector prices. The medicines are readjusted in April of every year. However, some pharmaceutical products, such as herbal and homeopathic medicines are not currently subject to CMED’s price regulation. In Brazil, the front-store area occupied by drugstores is usually smaller than 300 square meters.

Brazilian drugstores’ total revenues, according to data from IQVIA, were R$1 39 billion in 20 20, a 16% growth compared to 201 9. We believe the sector has potential for continued growth, mainly because of the aging population, greater access to medicines, especially due to the growing prominence of generic drugs, the growing demand for personal care, wellness and beauty products in drugstores, and higher levels of disposable income among consumers in the longer term. In addition, consolidation of the sector, supported by increasing market formalization and consequent investments, is in its early stages, with the top five drugstore chains in Brazil accounting historically for approximately 30% of the overall market revenues, according to ABRAFARMA. According to IQVIA, there were approximately 81 thousand drugstores in Brazil in 20 20.

The main types of pharmaceutical products sold in Brazil are listed below:

Branded medicine — Innovative products, registered at the federal agency responsible for sanitary surveillance and marketed in the country whose efficacy, safety and quality have been scientifically proven by the federal competent body upon registration.

Generic medicine — Contain the same active ingredient, in the same strength and dosage form, being administered by the same route and with the same therapeutic indication as the reference drug in the country, showing the same safety as the reference drug in the country, and which can be interchangeable with the latter.

Similar medicine — Contain the same active ingredients, has the same concentration, pharmaceutical form, method of administration, dosage and therapeutic instructions, and is equivalent to a medicine registered with the Federal agency responsible for sanitary surveillance, differing only as regard the characteristics of size and form of the product, period of validity, packaging, labelling, excipients and vehicle.

OTC medicines — Over the Counter (“OTC”) medicines that do not need a prescription to be sold.

According to ABRAFARMA, the sale of medicines accounted for 68% of the total sales of its members in the retail pharmacy business in Brazil in 20 20, and products other than medicines accounted for the remaining 32% of the sales. Sales of OTC products during the winter are usually higher than in warmer seasons, while sales of personal care products during the summer are usually higher than in other seasons.

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The following chart shows the supply process of retail pharmacy in Brazil:

Extrafarma

Benefitting from almost 6 0 years of activity in the wholesale and retail of pharmaceutical products, Extrafarma is a leading drugstore chain in the regions in which it operates. Extrafarma operates in areas where recent sales growth rates have been above the national average, which we believe presents attractive potential for future growth.

As of December 31, 20 20, Extrafarma operated 4 05 drugstores in ten states of Brazil (12 4 in Pará, 11 in Amapá, 3 in Tocantins, 91 in Ceará, 5 7 in Maranhão, 35 in Pernambuco, 20 in Bahia, 16 in Rio Grande do Norte, 4 in Paraíba and 4 4 in São Paulo). Extrafarma operates three distribution centers: Benevides, in the state of Pará; Aquiraz, in the state of Ceará; and Guarulhos, in the state of São Paulo, which are responsible for supplying all of our stores.

Extrafarma operates both in the retail and wholesale of pharmaceutical products. In 20 20, Extrafarma’s net revenues reached R$2.0 billion, of which the retail business represented 95% and the wholesale business represented 5%.

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Extrafarma’s main strategy is focused on the retail business, which is responsible for the larger share of its revenues. Within this business, Extrafarma’s product mix consists of all the main types of pharmaceutical products (branded medicine, generic medicine, similar medicine and OTC) in addition to personal care products and convenience products. In 2020, out of Extrafarma’s revenues in the retail business, branded medicines represented 33%, generic/similar medicines represented 15%, OTC 14%, personal care products represented 18% and convenience products represented 19%.

On the wholesale side, Extrafarma operates as a distributor of both pharmaceutical and personal care products. It purchases the products from manufacturers and sells them to other drugstore chains and independent retailers, which are serviced through Extrafarma’s own and leased truck fleet. As of December 31, 2020, the average payment term of Extrafarma’s sales to independent retailers was 46 days.

In 2016, Extrafarma remodeled its loyalty program and renamed it Clube Extrafarma. The program provides immediate discounts on purchases, in addition to accumulating 1 point for each R$1 spent. Points received by Extrafarma’s customers may be exchanged during the period of 6 months for significant discounts in store products, pre-paid mobile phone credits, KMV and Multiplus Fidelidade. As of December 31, 2020, Clube Extrafarma had 10.8 million clients registered.

Competition. The consolidation process of the retail pharmacy business is in its early stages. The drugstore chains associated with ABRAFARMA represented an estimated 44% of the total revenue in the sector in 2020. There were more than 20 drugstore chains associated with ABRAFARMA in 2020. According to ABRAFARMA, the main players in Brazil are Raia Drogasil S.A., Pague Menos S.A., DPSP S.A., São João Farmácias and Panvel Farmácias.

Innovation. Extrafarma accelerated its digitization process with the launch of the delivery service via WhatsApp as well as e-commerce (sales via the internet), including the possibility of buying over the web and withdrawing from stores. In addition, the company has expanded its partnership with delivery applications. The digital channels are expected to contribute to the expansion of the company's revenue and are in line with the current strategy, which provides for more selectivity in the opening of new stores. In 2020, the company launched a personalized discount coupon program for all stores seeking to increase the average ticket and customer loyalty. Extrafarma also expanded its private label Be better through the launch of new lines of basic care products and vitamins. In line with the strategy of expanding the offer of pharmaceutical services to customers, Extrafarma started a partnership with the largest vaccination clinic in the state of Pará. Also, in 2020, all cash and counter systems were replaced to provide a better shopping experience and greater productivity at points of sale. New digital wallets were also included as possible means of payment. See “Item 4.A. Information on the Company — History and Development of the Company — Extrafarma”.

Eco-efficient operations. Extrafarma started an operation of two biogas plants in the state of Maranhão and Pernambuco, guaranteeing renewable energy to 85 stores and, in 2021, two solar energy plants will be inaugurated in the state of Pará and Ceará, which are expected to supply around 200 stores. Among the goals related to energy efficiency, the company established that 90% of stores will be supplied by renewable energy sources and that all D Cs will be supplied by the Free Energy Market by 2025.

Extrafarma started working on structuring collection centers, for sorting, segregating and disposing of waste and aims to dedicate in the reverse logistics project for medicine tha t are expired or out-of-use, which covers all pharmaceutical retailers and manufacturers.

Digital payments

abastece aí

abastece aí is a digital payments company created in 2020 to leverage the benefits of the loyalty program Km de Vantagens (Km of Advantages Program) and the abastece aí (“fill up here”) app that were previously offered by Ipiranga. The company offers the development of a unified ecosystem of advantages and benefits to the clients, especially car drivers, integrated with a digital payment solution and great acceptance capillarity, including adoption by other business partners outside service stations.

KMV was created in 2009 and is a pioneer customer loyalty program in the fuel industry through which customers and resellers may redeem rewards and benefits in areas of entertainment, tourism, magazines, airline tickets, car rental and others. With over 3 4 million participants in December, 2020, KMV has served as an important platform, strengthening relationships with Ipiranga’s customers. In 2020, more than 33 million transaction s were redeemed at KMV.

Ipiranga developed and launched abastece aí in 2016, a mobile payment service app, that seeks to maximize advantages from the integration of platforms to offer even greater convenience and benefits to customers. Through the abastece aí app, customers can obtain discounts in exchange for KMV points. In addition, they can receive rewards of their preference and finalize the refueling process by using a unique KMV password in a safe payment method. In 2020, more than 2.3 million customers created a digital account.

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Context and m arket

Digital wallets are a global trend that involve a very diverse range of businesses. Between 2018 and 2020, the number of users of digital wallets grew by 30%, reaching more than 2.3 billion active users worldwide. According to a recent study by Bain & Company, “e-wallets” will represent 28% of total payments made in the world and almost 50% of all payments made in the sphere of e-commerce by 2022. In Brazil, this market is still very young, with great space for growth and development. The highly regulated and concentrated national banking system is the main obstacle to the current low participation of digital portfolios. However, due to recent changes in legislation, reduced technological costs, the entry of major international players in the market and the democratization of access to technology, digital wallets are expected to have an accelerate growth over the next few years.

The difficult and bureaucratic access to banks, combined with the mass use of smartphones, also contributes to the rise of digital wallets. Consequently, e-wallets emerge as a viable option to take care of people's financial organization, by offering a low cost and high efficiency service.

In 2020, the Central Bank of Brazil announced a new instant payment system with potential to profoundly transform the country's payment industry. The PIX is a tool that allows the transaction of resources in a few seconds at any time of the day and on all days of the year. In addition, PIX have a much lower transaction cost when compared to other payment methods such as Bank slip, TED or DOC. In order to use it, it is not necessary to have a bank account, just register it in any of the institutions approved by the Central Bank to offer this service, which includes abastece aí. Thus, by eliminating the need for intermediaries in the transfer process, we believe that PIX intensify the strengthening of digital wallets. It is extremely important to mention that the PIX is not only a substitute for traditional forms of payment, but it is also a mean to meet other financial demands, with the possibility of making payments in commercial establishments. Until December 2020, the PIX had already been registered by more than 56 million users, handling a volume of approximately R$151 billion.

As of December 31, 2020, Brazil already ha d more than 600 different digital portfolios. These portfolios include players operating in a big range of segments, such as: payments and receipts via cards, cashback, marketplace, digital transfers, partner discounts, among others. This new payment system allows the customer to manage much more efficiently and secure his money, in addition to enabling the use of different services in the same ecosystem.

Operation

a bastece aí is a relevant ecosystem of advantages for the vehicles’ drivers, integrated with a financial platform that expands the purchasing power of its users. The application offers a varied range of services for its clients, such as: cashbacks on purchases from partner companies, payment of slips, transfers, functions of cash in/cash out on digital wallet and various financial products. Currently, the main revenue stream for abastece aí derives from Ipiranga gas stations. When filling your car using the app at Ipiranga, the customer has the possibility to reverse a portion of the amount spent on several benefits, including: the accumulation of kilometers of advantage, cashback reversed in the portfolio, among others.

During the first year of operation as an independent company, the biggest challenge was to migrate the entire customer base from the old platform to the new digital platform. The new application was already available for download at the end of August 2020, for both IOS and Android. In just two months of operation, more than 1.3 million users had already been migrated. As of December 2020, that number had jumped to 2.3 million users. After the consolidation of the new platform, abastece aí started to offer more integrated and wide marketplace services and cashbacks. Currently, abastece aí has more than 90 partner companies which operate in various sectors. Among them, we can mention: LATAM P ass, Magazine Luiza, Netshoes and Movida.

In 2020, the contribution margin of abastece aí was concentrated around the revenues from the association fee with partner companies. As of December 31, 2020, there were more than 2.7 million active participants. As a result of the development of new financial products, which dilute operating costs and strengthen our digital portfolio, abastece aí contribution margin is expected to increase and diversify.

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Marketplace m odel. It is a virtual shopping mall, where partner companies advertise their products by paying an association fee. The partner exposes its products to a larger number of people, the consumer can access products from various segments and the company providing the m arketplace receives a percentage of each transaction.

Cashback m odel. This model works when the user makes a purchase through the application and receives a percentage of the money spent back. In this case, abastece aí serves as an intermediary between the company that will pay for cashback and the final consumer. abastece aí works as the payment method in these cases and a platform to announce the products of its partners.

We constantly adopt initiatives to diversify a bastece aí’s sources of revenue. For 2021, we expect to continue expanding its partners base and to boost its financial products. Some of these products are already in testing and development phase. In addition, the company has been working to expand the services offered by the platform's current partners. The expectation is to make all partners on the platform start offering cashback and to incorporate abastece aí as a means of payment.

New initiatives were adopted in 2021 due to our learning experience resulting from the challenges in 2020, including the expansion of our financial product portfolio, i ncrease frequency and recurrence of app us e and w ork in leaner and more dynamic teams.

Work methodology. The abastece aí operation is based on three main pillars: technological know-how, data intelligence and agile culture. The first involves the entire user experience of the application, its functionality and facilities. The company works to maintain an application with simple and intuitive interface, constantly improving the users experience.

In data intelligence, the company promotes the activation and growth of the customer base, identifying the main suggestions and criticisms to the functioning of the APP. Also, it is critical to improve statistical and artificial intelligence models to personalize promotional campaigns, recognize potential customers and activate old users.

The agile culture is the factor that guarantees the continuous innovation and competitiveness of the company. Its fintech structure makes processes less bureaucratic, facilitating quick problem resolution. This also allows for rapid market launches and tests to understand brand positioning in a short period of time. To make agile culture possible, employees are divided into squads, which are multifunctional groups composed of people from different areas with full autonomy to develop, test and launch new products. Each squad is coordinated by a product manager, whose role is to ensure quality and constant improvement. Chapters are teams with members of different squads, created to ensure alignment between all squads. The tribes are a set of squads that work better together and have a high level of interaction. This dynamic work system allows for constant interaction between different sectors of the company.

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Oil Refining

RPR consists of a refinery in the city of Rio Grande, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, in the Southern region of Brazil. The refinery’s nominal capacity is 17 thousand barrels per day, and its principal products include gasoline, diesel, naphtha, fuel oil, LPG, special oils, pentanes and solvents. In 2020, the average production of the refinery was 1 2 thousand barrels per day, which represented 71% of its nominal capacity and less than 1% of the total Brazilian oil refining capacity, according to ANP data. Ultrapar currently owns approximately one third of the capital of RPR. See “Item 4.A. Information on the Company—History and Development of the Company—Ipiranga”. RPR’s results are accounted for using the equity method, as share of profit of joint-ventures and associates. Results generated by the oil refining operations are not significant to Ultrapar. In 2020, RPR ended the year at a loss of R$21.8 million, mainly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic (explained below).

Gasoline and diesel sales prices in Brazil are directly influenced by international prices. In 2020, sales prices of diesel decreased 1 4% and sales price of gasoline decreased 3%, as a result of a significant and rapid decrease in demand for fuels caused by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the actions being taken to combat the effects of the pandemic. In addition to lower sales demand for fuels, the rapid decrease in the price of gasoline and diesel has impacted the selling margins of RPR because the price of gasoline and diesel outputs is determined based on current market prices, whereas the crude oil purchased as the input for the refinery process was purchased earlier at a higher price prior to when the significant price decreases occurred.

Insurance

We maintain insurance policies covering all the facilities of our wholly owned subsidiaries, which we consider appropriate to cover the risks to which we believe we are exposed, including but not limited to loss and damage from fire, lightning, explosion of any nature, windstorm, plane crash and electrical damage. The maximum compensation values based on the maximum possible loss that could result from specific location, as of December 31, 2020, are shown below:

| Maximum compensation value(*) |
Oxiteno | US$1,142 |
Ipiranga | R$1,530 |
Ultracargo | R$1,000 |
Ultragaz | R$354 |
Extrafarma | R$160 |

(*) In millions. In accordance with our policies terms and conditions.

We maintain general liability insurance that covers all our wholly-owned subsidiaries with a maximum coverage of US$250 million for losses and damage incurred by third parties as a result of any accidents that occur in connection with our commercial/industrial operations and/or the distribution and sale of our products and services.

We maintain Directors & Officers Liability insurance policies to indemnify members of the Board of Directors, fiscal council and executive officers of Ultrapar and its subsidiaries (insured persons) in the total amount of US$80 million, which covers any insured liabilities resulting from wrongful acts, including any act or omission or any matter claimed against them solely by reason of his or her serving in such capacity, except if the act, omission or the claim is consequence of gross negligence or willful misconduct.

Since February 2020, we maintain cyber risks insurance policy with a maximum coverage of R$100 million to mitigate losses from a variety of cyber incidents, including data breaches and business interruption.

In addition, we also take out group life and personal accident, health, national and international transportation and other insurance policies.

We believe that our insurance covers, in all material respects, the risks to which we are exposed and is in line with industry standards. However, the occurrence of losses or other liabilities that are not covered by insurance or that exceed the limits of our insurance coverage could result in significant unexpected additional costs to us.

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C. Organizational Structure

The following chart shows our organizational structure(1) for our principal subsidiaries as of December 31, 20 20:

Percentages represent approximate ownership of voting share capital and total capital (voting capital/total capital).

(1) Non-controlling interests in Utingás are mainly held by Liquigás Distribuidora S.A. and SHV Gas (31% and 8% of total capital, respectively).

(2) Other shareholders of RPR are Petrobras and Braskem, each holding 1/3 of the voting shares.

(3) União Vopak — a company jointly owned by Tequimar and Vopak Brasil S.A..

(4) Iconic — an association between Ipiranga and Chevron.

(5) Tequimar Vila do Conde — a company incorporated on May 20, 2019 due the concession of the port of Vila do Conde.

(6) Latitude Logística Portuária — a company jointly owned by Ipiranga and Petróleo Sabbá S.A..

(7) Other shareholders of Nordeste Logística I, II and II and Navegantes Logística are Raízen Combustíveis S.A and Petrobras, each holding 1/3 of the voting shares.

(8) Subsidiary created in January 2020 to provide valuation, business management and financial advisory services to UVC. In September 2020, the company’s name was changed to “UVC Investimentos Ltda”.

(9) Fund constituted i n January 2020 to invest in companies that can leverage or complement our business, and to support, map and invest in startups and new technologies.

(10) In May 2020, Millennium became a direct subsidiary of the Company.

(11) Subsidiary created in July 2020, to offer the a bastece a í app and Km de Vantagens programs and to operate in the digital payments segment under the a bastece a í brand.

W e conduct our LPG distribution business through Ultragaz, composed of Cia. Ultragaz, Bahiana and Utingás. Cia. Ultragaz operates in the business of distribution of LPG, primarily in the South, Southeast and Midwest regions of Brazil. Bahiana operates in the business of distribution of LPG, primarily in the Northeast regions of Brazil. Utingás is an LPG storage company, with facilities in the states of São Paulo and Paraná.

We conduct our fuel distribution business through Ipiranga, represented by our wholly owned subsidiary IPP, except for IPP’s subsidiaries that operates in the LPG distribution business, as described above and Extrafarma as described below. Ipiranga covers the distribution and marketing of petroleum products, fuel ethanol and NGV throughout Brazil. IPP also, through its subsidiaries, owns AmPm brand in Brazil and Tropical, which provides transportation services for Ipiranga and other fuel distributors.

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We conduct petrochemical and chemical activities through our wholly owned subsidiary, Oxiteno. Oxiteno operates in the sector directly and through its subsidiaries, Oleoquímica, EMCA, Oxiteno Mexico and Oxiteno Uruguay. Oxiteno directly operates plants located in the state of São Paulo; in Camaçari, in the state of Bahia; and in Triunfo, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Oleoquímica and EMCA also operate in the Camaçari plant. Oxiteno Mexico operates three plants in Mexico, one plant located in Uruguay through Oxiteno Uruguay and one plant in the United States through Oxiteno USA.

We conduct liquid bulk storage business through our wholly owned subsidiary, Ultracargo, which operates through its subsidiary Tequimar. Tequimar maintains storage facilities at six terminals, of which two are located near the main petrochemical complexes in Brazil, Camaçari and São Paulo.

On January 31, 2014, we closed the Extrafarma Transaction, pursuant to which Extrafarma became our wholly owned subsidiary. Extrafarma operates a retail and wholesale pharmacy business in the North, Northeast and Southeast regions of Brazil. See “Item 4.A. Information on the Company—History and Development of the Company—Extrafarma”.

On August 4, 2016, the Company, through its subsidiary IPP, entered into an association agreement with Chevron to create a new company in the lubricants market. The association is formed by IPP and Chevron’s lubricants operations in Brazil. On December 1, 2017, the association process was concluded, with the contribution of the subsidiary IpiLubs to CBLSA pursuant to which IPP obtained direct control of CBLSA. Ipiranga and Chevron hold 56% and 44%, respectively, of CBLSA. In order to simplify the corporate structure and join companies with similar activities, IpiLubs was merged with and into CBLSA on November 1, 2018. In that same shareholders’ meeting, the subsidiary changed its corporate name to Iconic.

In September 2016, subsidiary Ultrapar International S.A. was created and subsequently issued an aggregate principal amount of US$750 million of notes in the foreign capital markets.

On January 30, 2018, the Company through its subsidiary Tequimar entered into a sale and purchase agreement for the acquisition of 100% of the quotas of TEAS, owned by Raízen Energia S.A. and Raízen Araraquara Açúcar e Álcool Ltda., which were operated by the subsidiary Tequimar in the port of Santos. The closing of the acquisition took place on March 29, 2018.

Except for Oxiteno Mexico, Oxiteno USA and Oxiteno Uruguay, all our material subsidiaries are incorporated under the laws of Brazil.

O n July 29, 2020, Ultrapar announced the creation of a business in the digital payment segment, combining the abastece aí (“fill up here”) app and the loyalty program “Km de Vantagens” (Km of Advantages Program) as a new independent company of the Ultra Group, which is operating under the brand abastece aí.

For further information, see “Item 4.A. Information on the Company—History and Development of the Company”.

D. Property, Plant and Equipment

Ultragaz

Ultragaz’s LPG distribution network includes 18 filling plants. LPG is carried to the filling plants either via gas pipelines from Petrobras’ installations or by tanker trucks. When LPG transportation is via gas pipeline the bases are known as primary and when transportation is via tanker truck, the bases are known as secondary. Ultragaz also operates LPG storage bases, known as satellite bases for supplying our bulk trucks. Ultragaz maintains storage facilities for LPG bottles and satellite bulk distribution plants at strategic locations in order to maintain supplies close to its customer bases and thus to reduce transportation costs. LPG is stored in the filling plants in large LPG storage tanks with a typical capacity of 60 tons per tank. In the case of LPG to be delivered in bulk, the LPG is pumped directly from the storage tanks into the bulk tankers. In the case of LPG to be delivered in bottles, the LPG is pumped from the storage tanks into a number of filling heads, which fill the LPG bottles.

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The following table sets forth the total storage capacity, total filling capacity during 2020 and the 2020 average filling utilization for each of Ultragaz’s primary and secondary filling stations and satellite stations.

Base |  | Type |  | Total storage capacity |  | Filling capacity |  | 2020 average filling utilization rate |
|  |  |  | (in tons) |  | (in tons per month) |  |  |
Aracajú |  | Secondary |  | 240 |  | 4,680 |  | 66% |
Araçatuba |  | Satellite |  | 180 |  |  |  |  |
Aracruz |  | Secondary |  | 120 |  | 4,680 |  | 22% |
Araraquara |  | Satellite |  | 60 |  |  |  |  |
Araucária |  | Primary |  | 240 |  | 9,360 |  | 80% |
Barra de São Francisco |  | Secondary |  | 360 |  | 2,496 |  | 60% |
Barueri |  | Secondary |  | 1,500 |  | 5,720 |  | 72% |
Bauru |  | Satellite |  | 60 |  |  |  |  |
Betim |  | Secondary |  | 480 |  | 9,360 |  | 49% |
Blumenau |  | Satellite |  | 0 |  |  |  |  |
Canoas |  | Secondary |  | 600 |  | 4,680 |  | 87% |
Capuava |  | Primary |  | 720 |  | 14,040 |  | 43% |
Cascavel |  | Satellite |  | 120 |  |  |  |  |
Caucaia |  | Secondary |  | 420 |  | 7,020(1) |  | 81% |
Caxias do Sul |  | Satellite |  | 60 |  |  |  |  |
Chapecó |  | Satellite |  | 60 |  |  |  |  |
Florianópolis |  | Satellite |  | 30 |  |  |  |  |
Goiânia |  | Secondary |  | 360 |  | 5,720 |  | 77% |
Imbiruçu |  | Satellite |  | 480 |  |  |  |  |
João Pessoa |  | Satellite |  | 60 |  |  |  |  |
Joinville |  | Satellite |  | 30 |  |  |  |  |
Juazeiro |  | Secondary |  | 180 |  | 4,680 |  | 63% |
Londrina |  | Satellite |  | 60 |  |  |  |  |
Mataripe |  | Primary |  | 1,025 |  | 17,700(1) |  | 72% |
Mauá |  | Satellite |  | 720 |  |  |  |  |
Paulínia |  | Primary |  | 1,800 |  | 9,360 |  | 83% |
Paulínia SPGas |  | Satellite |  | 480 |  |  |  |  |
Pirajá – Salvador |  | Satellite |  | 60 |  |  |  |  |
Ponta Grossa |  | Satellite |  | 60 |  |  |  |  |
Pouso Alegre |  | Satellite |  | 60 |  |  |  |  |
Ribeirão Preto |  | Secondary |  | 360 |  | 4,680 |  | 82% |
Rio de Janeiro |  | Primary |  | 840 |  | 5,720 |  | 82% |
Santos |  | Primary |  | 2,400 |  | 3,900 |  | 50% |
São José do Rio Preto |  | Satellite |  | 60 |  |  |  |  |
São José dos Campos |  | Primary |  | 600 |  | 5,720 |  | 53% |
São José dos Campos |  | Satellite |  | 360 |  |  |  |  |
Sorocaba |  | Satellite |  | 120 |  |  |  |  |
Suape |  | Primary |  | 480 |  | 8,580(1) |  | 82% |
Total (ex-Utingás) |  |  |  | 15,845 |  | 128,096 |  | 67% |
Araucária(2) |  | Utingás |  | 630 |  |  |  |  |
Santo André(2) |  | Utingás |  | 3,534 |  |  |  |  |
Total |  |  |  | 20,009 |  | 128,096 |  | 67% |

(1) These facilities operated with more than one 8-hour shift per day.

(2) Only the storage capacity share indirectly owned by Ultragaz

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In addition, Ultragaz maintains headquarters in the city of São Paulo and regional offices in the areas in which it operates.

Ultracargo

The following table sets forth the main products stored at and the storage capacity operated by Ultracargo’s facilities a s of December 31, 2020.

Facility |  | Installed capacity (in cubic meters) |  | Product lines
Santos (São Paulo) |  | 306,775 |  | Chemicals, ethanol, lubricants, fuels and corrosives
Aratu (Bahia) |  | 218,190 |  | Chemicals, ethanol, vegetable oils, corrosives and fuels
Suape (Pernambuco) |  | 157,910 |  | Chemicals, ethanol, corrosives and fuels
Itaqui (Maranhão) |  | 109,280 |  | Ethanol and fuels
Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro) |  | 17,259 |  | Corrosives and lubricants
Paranaguá (Paraná) |  | 28,262 |  | Corrosives and vegetable oils
Total |  | 837,676 |  |

For more information see “Item 4.B. Business Overview — Storage Services for Liquid Bulk — Ultracargo — Storage facilities”.

Oxiteno

Oxiteno has six plants in Brazil: Camaçari plants in the Northeast complex, Mauá plant in the São Paulo complex, Triunfo plant in the Southern complex and Tremembé and Suzano plants in the state of São Paulo.

The following table sets forth the current ethylene oxide production capacity of Oxiteno’s plants in Brazil as of December 31, 20 20.

Units |  | Capacity |
|  | (in tons per year) |
Camaçari |  | 350,000 |
Mauá |  | 90,000 |
Tremembé |  | — |
Triunfo |  | — |
Suzano |  | — |
Total |  | 440,000 |

Ethylene oxide is primarily an intermediate material used in the production of ethylene oxide derivatives — only 1% of Oxiteno’s sales volume in the year ended December 31, 2020 was ethylene oxide. Therefore, Oxiteno’s total production output may not be determined by adding the capacities of ethylene oxide and its derivatives.

As Oxiteno’s capacity for ethylene oxide derivatives exceeds its ethylene oxide production capacity, Oxiteno cannot produce the maximum amount of each derivative product in any year and, accordingly, actual production of ethylene oxide derivatives is less than its capacity shown in the tables below.

However, the excess production capacity of ethylene oxide derivatives provides a degree of operating flexibility that enables the company to switch production partially to other products and re-manage its ethylene oxide output for derivative products depending on relative demand, thus mitigating the effects of reductions in demand for certain products resulting from downturns in the petrochemical business cycle.

Camaçari plants. The first Camaçari plant, located in the Northeast Complex, was built by Oxiteno and commenced production in 1978. The Camaçari plants produce ethylene oxide and ethylene oxide derivatives, such as ethylene glycols, ethanolamines, glycol ethers and ethoxylated derivatives.

In 2007, in connection with the acquisition of Ipiranga Group by Ultrapar, Oxiteno started to operate a mineral oils production plant, EMCA.

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The following table sets forth the current production capacity of the Camaçari plant for each of its principal products.

Units |  | Current capacity |
|  | (in tons per year) |
Ethylene oxide |  | 350,000 |
Ethylene glycols |  | 285,000 |
Ethoxylated derivatives |  | 270,000 |
Ethanolamines |  | 110,000 |
Fatty alcohols |  | 77,000 |
White mineral oils |  | 60,000 |
Glycol ethers |  | 25,000 |
Glycerin |  | 11,000 |
Fatty acids |  | 7,000 |

In 2020, the Camaçari plant operated at 71% of its production capacity. The plant had planned stoppages for regular maintenance.

Mauá plant. The Mauá plant, located in the São Paulo Complex, was the first plant built by Oxiteno and it commenced production in 1974. The Mauá plant has process units for ethylene oxide, ethylene glycols, glycol ethers, glycol ether acetates, natural alcohols and ethoxylated derivatives. In addition to the production units, the plant has drumming, storage, warehouse and maintenance facilities and also houses Oxiteno’s principal research and development laboratory. The following table sets forth the current production capacity of the Mauá plant for each of its principal products.

Units |  | Current capacity |
|  | (in tons per year) |
Ethoxylated derivatives |  | 106,000 |
Ethylene oxide |  | 90,000 |
Acetates |  | 72,000 |
Ethylene glycols |  | 40,000 |
Glycol ethers |  | 40,000 |
Hydraulic fluids |  | 30,000 |
Alkylation |  | 17,000 |
C4+C5 alcohols |  | 13,500 |
Esterification |  | 4,000 |

In 2020, the Mauá plant operated at 60% of its production capacity.

Tremembé plant. The Tremembé plant, located at Bairro dos Guedes, Tremembé, in the state of São Paulo, has three principal production units, a sulfonation/sulfation unit and two multipurpose units. The Tremembé plant commenced production in 1970 and was subsequently acquired by us in 1985.

The following table shows the current capacity of the principal units at the Tremembé plant.

Units |  | Current capacity |
|  | (in tons per year) |
Specialties |  | 19,000 |
Sulfonation/Sulfation |  | 16,000(1) |
Agricultural blends |  | 15,000 |
Esterification |  | 10,000 |
Betaines |  | 10,000 |
Naphthalenes Sulfonates |  | 5,000 |
Hydraulic fluids |  | 3,200 |

(1) Capacity adjusted for 100% active matter.

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In 2020, the Tremembé plant operated at 61% of its production capacity.

Suzano plant. In 2007, Oxiteno began operating a sulfonation and sulfation plant in Suzano, with a production capacity of 13.5 thousand tons per year. In 2012, Oxiteno added 11.5 thousand tons per year to its capacity. As a result, production capacity at the Suzano plant increased to 26.5 thousand tons per year.

The following table shows the current capacity of the principal units at the Suzano plant.

Units |  | Current capacity |
|  | (in tons per year) |
Sulfonation/Sulfation |  | 13,500 |
Esterification |  | 11,500 |
Betaines |  | 1,500 |

In 2020, the Suzano plant operated at 84% of its production capacity.

Triunfo plant. The Triunfo plant is located in the Southern Complex. The Triunfo plant was built by Oxiteno and started production in 1989. The Triunfo plant has two process units, one for the production of secondary butyl alcohol, which is used in the production of MEK, and one for the production of MEK.

The following table shows the current capacity of the principal units at the Triunfo plant.

Units |  | Current capacity |
|  | (in tons per year) |
Oxygenated solvents |  | 42,000 |

In 2020, the Triunfo plant operated at 70% of its production capacity.

With the acquisition of Oxiteno Mexico (formerly Canamex) in 2003 and Unión Química in 2007, Oxiteno acquired three specialty chemical plants in Mexico. As of December 31, 2020, the Coatzacoalcos plant had a production capacity of 86 thousand tons per year of ethoxylates and 8 thousand tons per year of alkyphenols; the Guadalajara plant had a production capacity of 32 thousand tons per year of specialty chemicals and San Juan del Río had a production capacity of 8 thousand tons per year of specialty chemicals. In 2020, the Guadalajara, the Coatzacoalcos and San Juan del Río plants operated at an average rate of 65%, 36% and 73% of their production capacity, respectively.

Oxiteno acquired a specialty chemical plant in Pasadena, Texas in 2012. As of December 31, 20 20, the Pasadena plant had a production capacity of 152 thousand tons per year of specialty and agricultural blends. In 2020, Pasadena plant operated at an average rate of 2 9% of its production capacity.

With the acquisition of Oxiteno Uruguay in 2012, Oxiteno acquired a specialty chemical plant in Montevideo, Uruguay. As of December 31, 2020, the Montevideo plant had a production capacity of 63 thousand tons per year of specialty chemicals and operated with 76% of its production capacity.

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The following table sets forth Oxiteno’s production plants located outside of Brazil:

Units |  | Current capacity |
|  | (in tons per year) |
Ethoxylated derivatives — Coatzacoalcos plant |  | 86,000 |
Alkylation — Coatzacoalcos plant |  | 7,860 |
Ethoxylated derivatives — Guadalajara plant |  | 19,000 |
Esterification — Guadalajara plant |  | 13,000 |
Sulfonation/Sulfation — San Juan del Río |  | 8,400 |
Alkoxylation — Pasadena |  | 120,000 |
Specialties/Agricultural Blends — Pasadena |  | 32,000 |
Sulfonation/Sulfation — Montevideo |  | 45,000 |
Fatty Acid Sulfate (FAS) — Montevideo |  | 10,000 |
Betaines/Amides — Montevideo |  | 6,000 |
Fatliquor oils — Montevideo |  | 2,000 |

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Ipiranga

Distribution of fuels is carried out through an extensive network of primary and secondary storage terminals. Primary storage terminals are generally located near refineries and are used as storage terminals for products to be transported either to secondary storage terminals or to large customers and TRRs. Distributors own their storage terminals (o wned), lease space in third parties’ storage terminals (t hird p arty a greement—TPA) or participate in pools (j oint-o perated terminals—JO) that serve two or more distributors. The following table sets forth the total storage capacity and ownership structure for each of Ipiranga’s primary and secondary facilities in 2020.

Storage t erminal |  | Type |  | Owner s tructure of s torage t eminal |  | Storage c apacity (cubic meters) |
Açailândia |  | Secondary |  | JO operated by others(2) |  | 4,211 |
Araucária |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 850 |
Araucária |  | Primary |  | JO operated by others(2) |  | 51,382 |
Bagé |  | Secondary |  | Owned |  | 4,721 |
Barcarena |  | Primary |  | Owned |  | 9,097 |
Barueri |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 2,100 |
Barueri |  | Primary |  | Owned |  | 22,022 |
Bauru |  | Secondary |  | Owned |  | 3,288 |
Belém |  | Primary |  | Owned |  | 21,257 |
Betim |  | Primary |  | JO operated by Ipiranga(2) |  | 11,394 |
Betim |  | Primary |  | JO operated by others(2) |  | 6,895 |
Biguaçu |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 2,313 |
Brasília |  | Primary |  | JO operated by others(2) |  | 6,406 |
Cabedelo |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 7,464 |
Campo Grande |  | Secondary |  | Owned |  | 5,807 |
Campos |  | Secondary |  | JO operated by Ipiranga(2) |  | 3,562 |
Canoas |  | Primary |  | Owned |  | 42,917 |
Canoas |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 200 |
Cascavel |  | Secondary |  | Owned |  | 4,047 |
Caxias |  | Primary |  | Owned |  | 36,283 |
Caxias |  | Primary |  | JO operated by others(2) |  | 7,343 |
Chapecó |  | Secondary |  | TPA(1) |  | 2,100 |
Cruz Alta |  | Secondary |  | Owned |  | 5,429 |
Cubatão |  | Primary |  | Owned |  | 9,277 |
Cubatão |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 780 |
Cuiabá |  | Secondary |  | Owned |  | 1,578 |
Fortaleza |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 4,060 |
Goiânia |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 2,685 |
Goiânia |  | Primary |  | JO operated by others(2) |  | 7,818 |
Governador Valadares |  | Secondary |  | Owned |  | 5,451 |
Guamaré |  | Primary |  | JO operated by others(2) |  | 2,570 |
Guaramirim |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 402 |
Guarapuava |  | Secondary |  | Owned |  | 5,674 |
Guarulhos |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 850 |
Imbiruçu |  | Primary |  | JO operated by Ipiranga(2) |  | 4,277 |
Itabuna |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 245 |
Itacoatiara |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 20,000 |
Itaituba |  | Secondary |  | Owned |  | 1,356 |
Itajaí |  | Primary |  | JO operated by Ipiranga(2) |  | 7,790 |
Jequié |  | Primary |  | JO operated by others(2) |  | 4,323 |

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Storage t erminal |  | Type |  | Owner s tructure of s torage t eminal |  | Storage c apacity (cubic meters) |
Juazeiro |  | Secondary |  | JO operated by others(2) |  | 1,710 |
Lages |  | Secondary |  | TPA(1) |  | 1,310 |
Londrina |  | Secondary |  | JO operated by Ipiranga(2) |  | 4,955 |
Luis Eduardo Magalhães |  | Secondary |  | TPA(1) |  | 310 |
Macapá |  | Primary |  | JO operated by Ipiranga(2) |  | 3,149 |
Maceió |  | Primary |  | JO operated by Ipiranga(2) |  | 3,822 |
Manaus |  | Primary |  | Owned |  | 7,653 |
Manaus |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 200 |
Marabá |  | Secondary |  | TPA(1) |  | 1,231 |
Maringá |  | Secondary |  | TPA(1) |  | 1,183 |
Montes Claros |  | Secondary |  | Owned |  | 4,966 |
Munguba |  | Secondary |  | Owned |  | 12,391 |
Ourinhos |  | Secondary |  | Owned |  | 9,345 |
Paranaguá |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 90,000 |
Passo Fundo |  | Primary |  | JO operated by Ipiranga(2) |  | 6,270 |
Paulínia |  | Primary |  | Owned |  | 10,286 |
Paulínia |  | Primary |  | JO operated by Ipiranga(2) |  | 26,804 |
Porto Nacional |  | Secondary |  | TPA(1) |  | 3,580 |
Porto Velho |  | Secondary |  | Owned |  | 8,318 |
Pres. Prudente |  | Secondary |  | Owned |  | 3,772 |
Ribeirão Preto |  | Primary |  | JO operated by others(2) |  | 11,918 |
Rio Grande |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 3,466 |
Rondonópolis |  | Secondary |  | Owned |  | 10,708 |
Santa Maria |  | Secondary |  | Owned |  | 5,807 |
Santarém |  | Secondary |  | Owned |  | 3,972 |
Santos |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 60,000 |
São Caetano |  | Primary |  | Owned |  | 22,024 |
São Francisco do Conde |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 4,701 |
São José do Rio Preto |  | Secondary |  | JO operated by others(2) |  | 1,555 |
São José do Rio Preto |  | Secondary |  | Owned |  | 8,712 |
São José do Rio Preto |  | Secondary |  | Owned |  | 2,084 |
São José dos Campos |  | Primary |  | JO operated by others(2) |  | 12,909 |
São José dos Campos |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 1,570 |
São Luis |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 57,110 |
São Luis |  | Primary |  | JO operated by Ipiranga(2) |  | 14,422 |
Sarandi |  | Secondary |  | TPA(1) |  | 5,610 |
Sinop |  | Secondary |  | TPA(1) |  | 395 |
Suape |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 30,450 |
Suape |  | Primary |  | JO operated by others(2) |  | 15,813 |
Teresina |  | Secondary |  | JO operated by others(2) |  | 4,850 |
Uberaba |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 740 |
Uberlândia |  | Primary |  | JO operated by others(2) |  | 10,249 |
Vila Velha |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 13,830 |
Vilhena |  | Secondary |  | Owned |  | 846 |
Vitória |  | Primary |  | TPA(1) |  | 6,998 |
Total |  |  |  |  |  | 852,217 |

(1) Third party agreements

(2) Joint-operated with other distributors

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Extrafarma

As of December 31, 2020, Extrafarma operated 405 drugstores and 3 distribution centers in the North, Northeast and Southeast regions of Brazil.

The following tables set forth the breakdown per region of Extrafarma’s drugstores and the capacity for each of Extrafarma’s distribution centers as of December 31, 2020:

Location |  | 2020 |
North |  | 138 |
Pará |  | 124 |
Amapá |  | 11 |
Tocantins |  | 3 |
Northeast |  | 223 |
Ceará |  | 91 |
Maranhão |  | 57 |
Pernambuco |  | 35 |
Bahia |  | 20 |
Rio Grande do Norte |  | 16 |
Paraíba |  | 4 |
Southeast |  | 44 |
São Paulo |  | 44 |
Total |  | 405 |

Distribution center |  | Area (in square meters) |  | Height (in meters) |
Benevides (Pará) |  | 8,273 |  | 13.0 |
Aquiraz (Ceará) |  | 7,500 |  | 12.3 |
Guarulhos (São Paulo) |  | 9,874 |  | 12.0 |
Total |  | 25,647 |  |  |

Collateral

As of December 31, 2020, Ultrapar had no debt secured by property, plant and equipment.

ITEM 4A. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

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ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

A. Operating Results

You should read this discussion together with our audited consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto, and other financial information included elsewhere in this annual report and in conjunction with the financial information included under “Item 3.A. Key Information—Selected Consolidated Financial Data”.

Our audited consolidated financial statements included herein were prepared in accordance with IFRS and include our consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 and our consolidated Statements of Profit or Loss, Statements of Comprehensive Income, Statements of Changes in Equity and Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, as well as notes thereto.

Overview

With more than 80 years of history, Ultrapar is currently a leading player in the different segments of the oil & gas downstream segment through Ipiranga, Ultragaz and Ultracargo, as well as in the specialty chemicals sector through Oxiteno and in the retail pharmacy sector through Extrafarma.

Ultragaz distributes LPG to residential, commercial and industrial market segments. Ultracargo is the largest private company of storage for liquid bulk in Brazil, with six terminals and storage capacity of 8 38 thousand cubic meters. In 2022, it is scheduled to begin operations at the new terminal in the port of Vila do Conde, Pará state in connection with Vila do Conde’s concession, expanding its geographic spread to the North region of the country (see “ Item 4.A. Information on the Company—History and Development of the Company—Ultracargo”). Oxiteno produces ethylene oxide and its principal derivatives, holding about 20% of the ethoxylation capacity in the Americas, and is also a significant producer of specialty chemicals, particularly surfactants. It manufactures an extensive range of products used in various industrial sectors such as home and personal care, detergents, crop solutions, packaging, textiles and coatings. Ipiranga distributes gasoline, ethanol, diesel, NGV, fuel oil, kerosene and lubricants through a network of 7,107 service stations and directly to large customers. Extrafarma is the seventh largest drugstore chain in Brazil, according to ABRAFARMA, with 405 drugstores and 3 distribution centers as of December 31, 2020. abastece aí is a digital payments company created in 2020 to leverage the benefits of the Km de Vantagens (Km of Advantages Program) and the abastece aí (“fill up here”) app, with more than 2.3 million digital accounts created in 2020.

Impact of ongoing COVID-19 pandemic

Since March 2020, the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic and government responses have created an unprecedented global scenario, including in Brazil, where social distancing measures, quarantines, restrictions on travel and public transportation, and prolonged closures of commercial establishments, have affected our routine and presented challenges on a daily basis.

Ultrapar and its subsidiaries adopted a series of measures in an effort to mitigate the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and preserve the health and safety of their employees and partners, the stability and continuity of their operations, and their solid financial position.

In March 2020 we implemented remote work for employees in administrative functions and provided all necessary support for them to maintain their activities, including lending office supplies and equipment. Although in-person work has not been fully resumed yet, except for those employees in administrative functions who voluntarily decided to resume their in-person activities, subject to the safety measures we implemented, we did not notice an y reduction in productivity in this period. In addition to the basic concerns relating to the safety of our employees, the Company promoted several actions through live broadcasts focused on employees’ wellness, fitness and psychological support and monitoring, all in line with our principle of valuing people.

In addition, a multi-disciplinary committee was created to set a plan for the gradual return to the office and resumption of normal working activities for administrative areas, adjusting work areas through the introduction of numerous preventive measures, such as minimum distance between work stations, temperature measurement before entering the office, placement of hand sanitizers across our offices, and the intensification of cleaning and safety protocols according to the guidelines of state and municipal governments and health entities.

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Among Ultra Group’s businesses, Ipiranga was the most affected by the pandemic and recorded a decrease of 9% in fuel sales volume throughout the year, with the most significant impact being the gasoline, ethanol and natural gas for light vehicles (Otto cycle), with a decrease of 14% comparing to 2019. In addition, strong volatility in the prices of oil and its derivatives from the end of March of 2020, coupled with a relevant decrease in ethanol prices in April, caused material inventory losses in the first half of 2020. To mitigate these impacts, Ipiranga adopted several measures for preserving cash and reducing expenses.

At Oxiteno, the coatings, automotive and oil & gas segments experienced weaker demand, which was partially offset by increased sales volume in the h ome and p ersonal c are and c rop s olutions segments. Oxiteno’s management promptly acted to mitigate the effects of the pandemic with contingency measures for controlling certain costs and expenses, such as reduction in personnel, travels, trainings, consulting, marketing, among other expenses. The devaluation of the Real against the US dollar contributed significantly to the improvement in results.

Ultragaz re corded an increase of 2% in volume to the bottle segment due to greater demand for LPG for residential use. The bulk segment remained practically stable, as a result of higher sales to condominiums and industries, which was offset by lower demand from commercial and service segments that suffered a direct impact from social distancing measures.

At Ultracargo no relevant operating impacts due to the pandemic were noted.

Extrafarma recorded a 3% decrease in sales, mainly due to the temporary closure of brick-and-mortar drugstores located in shopping centers and reduced costumer’s flow at the drugstores that remained open. Nevertheless, the decrease in Extrafarma’s sales was partially offset by the swift strengthening or expansion of online and delivery sales, as well as partnerships with delivery apps. In addition, the approval of Provisional Measure 936 by the government involving the suspension of labor contracts and the temporary reduction of salaries as well as other internal initiatives for productivity gains, contributed to a 11% reduction in expenses, from R$653.6 million in 2020 against R$738.5 million in 2019, therefore contributing to minimize the impact in the results.

In order to strengthen the Company’s liquidity and cash position, in light of the uncertainty arising from the pandemic, by the end of March and in early April, Ultrapar and its subsidiaries contracted new financing s with a 12-month term, in the aggregate amount of R$1.5 billion. Of this amount, R$1.3 billion was raised through the issue of promissory notes with a R$1.0 billion credit o n April 6, 2020 and a R$0.3 billion credit o n April 8, 2020. Furthermore, in order to preserve cash holdings, the Company announced o n April 1, 2020 a reduction up to 30% in its investment plan for 2020, while in August Ultrapar’s management decided to not distribute the interim dividend for th at year.

In July 2020, Ultrapar reopened its 2029 notes issued in the international market and issued additional notes in the total amount of US$ 350.0 million at an interest rate of 5.25% per year with the same characteristics of the 2029 notes (Item 5.B. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Indebtedness—Notes in the Foreign Market”). The proceeds related to such notes were used for the payment of debt with short term maturities, allowing the extension of the Company’s debt maturity profile and reinforcing its cash position.

Our results of operations may be negatively impacted by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. See “Item 3.D. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Ultrapar and Its Industries— Our businesses may be materially and adversely affected by the outbreak of communicable diseases, such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, or other epidemics or pandemics”, and other risk factors included herein and “—Trend Information” below.

Social support

Since the outset of the coronavirus pandemic, Ultrapar and its subsidiaries have been operating on multiple fronts to preserve the Company’s employees and partners health and safety, the stability and continuity of its operations and the financial soundness of the Company.

During the year ended December 31, 2020, Ultrapar contributed to the nationwide efforts to control the COVID-19 pandemic crisis providing support to local communities located nearby our businesses’ locations. In total approximately R$37 million was allocated for combatting the pandemic and its consequences.

The Ultra Group is part of the Salvando Vidas (Saving Lives) matchfunding initiative in partnership with the Brazilian Development Bank - BNDES, which financially supported the largest philanthropic network of hospitals in Brazil and responding for more than 50% of attendances in the National Health Service SUS. The Ultra Group also donated 10 thousand basic baskets of goods to the state government of São Paulo, which were distributed to vulnerable families throughout the state.

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Ultragaz supported the construction of a field hospital in the city of São Paulo as well as suppl ied LGP to other field hospitals in the states of São Paulo and Bahia. It also donated 8 thousand LGP gas bottles, 6 thousand basic baskets of goods and 650 thousand bars of biodegradable soap to communities in the states of Bahia, Ceará, Mato Grosso do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo. Together with the Ministry of Health and with the participation of resellers, Ultrapar distributed informational fliers in connection with COVID-19 prevention information across 57 municipalities, impacting roughly 10 million people.

Ultracargo provided support to the Pernambuco Solidário (solidarity) campaign against COVID-19, leaded by Associação Incubadora Porto Social and the state government, and donat ed hospital equipment and beds in the states of Maranhão and Pará. Ultracargo also donated 3 thousand basic baskets of goods to local communities nearby its six port terminals.

Oxiteno supported initiatives in Brazil, Uruguay, and the United States, including donations for the acquisition of basic baskets of goods for distribution to low income families living around its industrial plants.

Ipiranga was part of a corporate initiative for the construction of a new hospital in the city of Porto Alegre (RS), in addition to provide support for the construction of a field hospital in Rio de Janeiro (RJ). Among other donations, it supplied fuel to field hospitals and movements for distributing alcohol gel sanitizer to government health departments and hospitals. As well as meals to truckers in different parts of the country. Through the abastece aí app, it offered a discount of 10% on each purchase from the pumps made by professionals in the health sector at service stations in the network.

Extrafarma donated 80 thousand masks and gloves to the state government of Pará and 60 thousand items of hygiene and to ten institutions in the states of Pará, Pernambuco, Bahia and Ceará.

Ultragaz, Ultracargo and Oxiteno also participated in a collective initiative at the Camaçari Petrochemical Complex (BA), which delivered ventilators to the government of Bahia, and Ultracargo and Extrafarma jointly donated 90 thousand pieces of personal protective equipment to the state government of Maranhão.

Brazilian economic background

Since most of our operating businesses are located in Brazil, we are significantly affected by Brazil’s economic and social conditions, including, but not limited to, gross domestic product (“GDP”), growth rates, credit availability and disposable incomes, the domestic rate of inflation and exchange rate fluctuations.

Gross domestic product. In 2016, Brazil’s GDP further contracted 3.3%, reflecting the worsening of the crisis on both political and economic fronts, with a combination of weak economic activity and a deterioration in disposable income and employment rates, thus curbing consumption levels and creating a challenging business environment. However, inflation rates have been gradually declining since the second half of 2016, paving the way for a reduction in basic interest rate (from 14.25% at the end of 2015 to 13.75% at the end of 2016). GDP grew 1.1% in 2017, backed by falling inflation and interest rate (from 13.75% at the end of 2016 to 7.00% at the end of 2017). In 2018, Brazilian GDP grew 1.1%, driven by a recovery in demand, consumption and investment, supported by the resumption of several sectors in the economy, the IPCA index rate below government’s target and the consequent lower level of interest rate (from 7.00% in the end of 2017 to 6.50% in the end of 2018). In 2018, growth was negatively impacted by a nationwide truck drivers’ strike in the second quarter. In 2019, Brazilian GDP grew 1.1% as a result of the gradual recovery of the Brazilian economy due to an increase in consumption and investments, despite continuing high unemployment rate. In 2020, the GDP contracted 4.1% reflecting the worsening of the Brazilian and global macroeconomic scenario as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The SELIC rate started in 2020 at 4.5% and reached 2.0% in June 2020. As of the date of this annual report, the SELIC rate is 2.75%. According to the latest Focus report (Relatório de Mercado Focus) published by the Central Bank on April 26, 2021, t he expectations of Brazil’s GDP are currently forecasted to be 3.09% positive as a result of expectations in connection with the economy recovery and the development of the vaccination program against COVID-19. Our operations are significantly impacted by Brazilian GDP growth, especially LPG sales to commercial and industrial customers, diesel sales, Oxiteno’s sales to the domestic market, and Ultracargo’s logistics operations.

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Inflation and currency fluctuations. Our cash operating activities are substantially in Reais and tend to increase with inflation. However, some of our costs of sales and services sold are linked to the U.S. dollar and are not substantially affected by the Brazilian inflation rate. In addition, some of our Real-denominated debt is indexed to the rate of inflation. In 2016, the IGP-M and the IPCA index rates were, respectively, 7.2% and 6.3%. In 2016, the Real appreciated 17% against the U.S. dollar. In 2017, the Real depreciated 2% against the U.S. dollar and the IPCA index rate was 2.9%. The IGP-M index rate was -0.5%, the lowest rate since 2009. In 2018, the Real depreciated 17% against the U.S. dollar, pressured by the rise of the interest rate by the Federal Reserve System and the unstable economic political environment in Brazil (Presidential election and discussion on economic reforms). The IGP-M index rate was 7.5%, influenced by global commodities prices and the Real depreciation. The IPCA index rate was 3.7%, impacted by the adjustment of prices, such as food and beverages, fuels and electric energy. In 2019, the Real depreciated 4% against the U.S. dollar in a year marked by (i) worldwide trade tensions headlined by China and the United States, (ii) uncertainties with respect to the Brazilian pension reform, and (iii) the Argentina crisis. Furthermore, the Real depreciation was also a consequence of interest rate cuts by the Central Bank. The IGP-M and IPCA rates closed 2019 at 7.3% and 4.3%, respectively. In 2020, the Real depreciated 29% against the U.S. dollar, mainly due to (i) the impacts of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic; (ii) reduction of the interest rate in Brazil, (iii) the worsening of the risks in the Brazilian fiscal debt and (iv) the uncertainties in Brazilian political scenario. T he IGP-M index was 23.1%, impacted mainly by devaluation of the Real against U.S. dollar that affects directly in the prices of raw material and others industrial inputs. The IPCA index rate closed 2020 at 4.5%.

From January 1, 202 1 to April 28, 2021, the Real depreciated 4% against the U.S. dollar, mainly due to the low interest rate environment in Brazil coupled with local and international market conditions, including the economic, political and other impacts of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The main foreign exchange risk we face arises from certain U.S. dollar denominated costs and expenses. Although a substantial part of our debt is dollar-denominated, it is currently hedged against currency devaluation using various derivative instruments or matching assets in the same currency. Additionally, a significant part of our raw materials is also denominated or indexed to the U.S. dollar. A large part of our sales is denominated in Reais, although prices in the chemical business are benchmarked to prices prevailing in the international markets, which in turn are linked to U.S. dollars. Hence, we are exposed to foreign exchange rate risks which could negatively impact our businesses, financial situation and operating results as well as our capacity to service our debt.

The table below shows the inflation rate for the periods indicated, as measured by the IGP-M as well as the devaluation (or appreciation) of the Real against the U.S. dollar.

|  | Year ended December 31, |
Index |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |
IGP-M |  | 23.1% |  | 7.3% |  | 7.5% |
IPCA |  | 4.5% |  | 4.3% |  | 3.7% |
Devaluation (appreciation) of the Real against the U.S. dollar |  | 28.9% |  | 4.0% |  | 17.1% |

We manage foreign exchange risk associated with the scheduled payments under the terms of our U.S. dollar indebtedness by investing in U.S. dollar-denominated securities and foreign currency/interest swap contracts, under which we pay variable interest in Reais based on the DI, and receive fixed interest in U.S. currency. As of December 31, 2020, our total obligations denominated in foreign currency were R$9,879.7 million (US$1,901.2 million), including debts, payables arising from imports and net of advances to foreign suppliers. At the same date, our total asset position in foreign currency was R$8,326.3 million (US$1,602.2 million), comprised of investments indexed to U.S. dollars and hedging instruments used to manage fluctuations of exchange rates and foreign currency receivables exposures. As of December 31, 2020, Ultrapar had a net liability exposure in foreign currency of R$1,553.4 million (US$298.9 million), comprised of a net short term position of R$2,694.7 million (US$518.5 million) and a net long term position of R$4,248.2 million (US$817.5 million), due to the Company’s operations in Brazil. For the purposes of this paragraph, U.S. dollar values were calculated based on the December 31, 2020 Real/U.S. dollar exchange rate. See “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” for information about our foreign exchange risk hedging policy and n otes 16 and 3 3 to our consolidated financial statements.

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Financial Guidance for 2021

On February 24, 2021, we announced an EBITDA guidance for 2021 (see our Form 6-K furnished to the SEC on February 24, 2021). Among the main assumptions adopted to formulate the guidance for 2021 were the exchange rate of R$5.30/USD, Brazilian GDP growth of 2.2% and annual inflation of 3.0% (IPCA), defined during the budgeting process of the Company, which was concluded at the end of 2020. These specific assumptions were primary based on reports of specialized consultant firms and the Focus report (Relatório de Mercado Focus) published by the Central Bank of Brazil. In addition, the Company announced that would not use the zero-cost collar structure for Oxiteno in 2021.

The projections were based in information that were available at the time, estimates and assumptions of the Company’s executive board, and did not include the effects of potential acquisitions or divestments. Such estimates are not guarantee of performance and involve risks and uncertainties, since they refer to future events and depend on circumstances which may or may not occur. General economic conditions and market conditions, among other factors, may lead to results which differ materially from the numbers disclosed.

Critical accounting policies and estimates

The presentation of our financial condition and results of operations requires our management to make judgments regarding the effects of matters that are inherently uncertain on the carrying value of our assets and liabilities and may affect the reported amount of them as well as our revenues and expenses. Actual results may differ from those estimated under different variables, assumptions or conditions, even though our management believes that its accounting estimates are reasonable. The following paragraphs review the critical accounting estimates that management considers most important for understanding our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. An accounting estimate is considered a critical accounting estimate if it meets the following criteria:

- the accounting estimate requires management to make assumptions about matters that were highly uncertain at the time the accounting estimate was made; and
- different estimates that management reasonably could have used for the accounting estimate in the current period, or changes in the accounting estimate that are reasonably likely to occur from period to period, would have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

We have identified the following accounting policies and disclosure s as critical.

Use of estimates, assumptions and judgments. The preparation of the financial statements requires the use of estimates, assumptions, and judgments for the accounting and disclosure of certain assets, liabilities, and profit or loss. Therefore, the Company and subsidiaries’ management use the best information available at the date of preparation of the financial statements, as well as the experience of past and current events, also considering assumptions regarding future events. The estimates and assumptions are reviewed periodically.

- Judgments: Information on the judgments is included: in the determination of control in subsidiaries, the determination of joint control in joint-venture and the determination of significant influence in associates.
- Uncertainties related to the assumptions and estimates: The information regarding uncertainties related to the assumptions and estimates are included: in determining the fair value of financial instruments, the determination of the expected losses on doubtful accounts, the determination of provisions for losses of inventories, the estimative of realization of deferred IRPJ and CSLL amounts, the useful lives and discount rate of right to use assets, the useful lives of property, plant, and equipment, the useful lives of intangible assets, and the determination of the recoverable amount of goodwill, provisions for assets retirement obligations, provisions for tax, civil, and labor risks, estimates for the preparation of actuarial reports and the determination of fair value of subscription warrants – indemnification. The actual result of the transactions and information may differ from their estimates.

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Expected credit losses. The expected losses take into account, at the initial recognition of the contract, the expected losses for the next 12 months and for the lifetime of the contract when the deterioration or improvement of the customers’ credit quality, considering the customers’ characteristics in each business segment. The amount of the allowance for expected losses on doubtful accounts is deemed by management to be sufficient to cover any probable loss on realization of trade receivables. The credit policy establishes the analysis of the profile of each new customer individually regarding their financial condition. The review carried out by the subsidiaries of the Company includes the evaluation of external ratings, when available, financial statements, credit bureau information, industry information and, when necessary, bank references. Credit limits are established for each customer and reviewed periodically, more often when the risk is higher. In cases of sales that exceed these limits, the approval of the responsible area is required. In monitoring credit risk, customers are grouped according to their credit characteristics and depending on the business the grouping takes into account, for example, whether they are individuals or companies, whether they are wholesalers, resellers or final customers, considering also the geographic area. The expected of credit losses are calculated based on the probability of default rates. Loss rates are calculated on the basis of the average probability of a receivable amount to advance through successive stages of default until full write-off. The probability of default calculation takes into account a credit risk score for each exposure, based on data considered to be capable of foreseeing the risk of loss (external classifications, audited financial statements, cash flow projections, customer information available in the press, for example), with addition of the credit assessment based on experience. Such credit risks are managed by each business unit through specific criteria for acceptance of customers and their credit rating and are additionally mitigated by the diversification of sales. For further information see n otes 5 and 3 3.d.3 to our consolidated financial statements.

Provisions for inventory losses. If net realizable values are below inventory costs, a provision corresponding to this difference is recognized. Provisions are also made for obsolescence of products, materials or supplies that (i) do not meet our subsidiaries’ specifications, (ii) have exceeded their expiration date, or (iii) are considered slow-moving inventory. This classification is made by management with the support of its industrial and operations teams. A significant decrease in net realizable value below inventory costs on a higher level of obsolete, slow-moving or expired products could impact our cost of goods sold and our gross and operating margins. See n ote 6 to our consolidated financial statements for additional information about our provisions for inventory losses.

Deferred income and social contribution taxes. We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities, which do not expire, arising from tax loss carry forwards, temporary add-backs, revaluation of property, plant and equipment and other procedures. The deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which they can be utilized. We periodically review the deferred tax assets for recoverability considering historical taxable income, projected future taxable income, and the expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences. In the event we or one of our subsidiaries operate at a loss or are unable to generate sufficient future taxable income, or if there is a material change in the actual effective tax rates or time period within which the underlying temporary differences become taxable or deductible, we reduce all or a significant portion of our deferred tax assets, resulting in an increase in our effective tax rate, thereby decreasing net income. A high degree of management judgment is required in determining the recoverability of deferred tax assets. The principal uncertainty relates to the likelihood of future taxable income from the subsidiary that generated the deferred tax asset. A change in our projections of profitability could result in the need to reduce the deferred tax assets, resulting in a negative impact of future results. See n ote 9 to our consolidated financial statements for additional information on taxes.

Investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint-ventures. A subsidiary is an investee in which the investor is entitled to variable returns on investment and has the ability to interfere in its financial and operational activities. Usually the equity interest in a subsidiary is more than 50%. See n ote 3.b to our consolidated financial statements for additional information on our investments in subsidiaries. Investments in associates and joint-ventures are accounted for under the equity method of accounting in consolidated financial statements. An associate is an investment, in which an investor has significant influence, that is, has the power to participate in the financial and operating decisions of the investee but does not exercise control. A joint-venture is an investment in which the shareholders have the right to net assets on behalf of a joint control. Joint control is the agreement which establish that decisions about the relevant activities of the investee require the consent from the parties that share control. See n ote 12 to our consolidated financial statements for additional information on our investments in associates and joint-ventures.

Provisions for tax, civil and labor risks. We are currently involved in certain legal and administrative proceedings that arise from our normal course of business as described in “Item 8.A. Financial Information — Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information — Legal Proceedings” and n ote 22 to our consolidated financial statements. We believe that the provisions for such proceedings in our consolidated financial statements are adequate. It is our policy to record provisions in regard to lawsuits when the probability of an existing obligation is considered more-likely-than-not to occur in the opinion of our management, based on information available to us, including information obtained from our internal and external legal counsel. Future results of operations could be materially affected by changes in our assumptions, by the effectiveness of our strategies relating to these proceedings, by future developments in each matter being discussed or by changes in approach, such as a change in settlement strategy in dealing with these matters.

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Right to use assets and lease payable. Right to use assets and lease payable is recognized in the financial position, a right to use assets and the respective lease liabilities initially measured at the present value of future lease payments, considering the related contract costs (see n ote 13 to our consolidated financial statements). The amortization expenses of right to use assets are recognized in statement of profit or loss over the lease contract term. The liability is increased for interest and decreased by lease payments made. The interests are recognized in the statement of profit or loss using the effective interest rate method. The remeasurement of assets and liabilities based on the contractual index is recognized in the financial position, not having an effect in the result. In case of cancellation of the contract, the assets and respective liabilities are written off to the result. Right to use assets include amounts related to area port leases grants (see n ote 34.c to our consolidated financial statements).

The Company and its subsidiaries apply the exemptions for recognition of short-term leases of 12 months or less, and leases of low amount assets such. In these cases, the recognition of the lease expense in the statements of profit or loss is on a straight-line basis.

Property, plant and equipment. Property, plant and equipment is recognized at acquisition or construction cost, including financial charges incurred on property, plant and equipment under construction, as well as qualifying maintenance costs resulting from scheduled plant outages and estimated costs to remove, to decommission or to restore assets, less accumulated depreciation and, when applicable, less provision for losses (see n ote s 2.n and 21 to our consolidated financial statements), less accumulated depreciation and, when applicable, less provision for losses (see n ote 14 to our consolidated financial statements). Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method, for the periods mentioned in n ote 14 to our consolidated financial statements, taking into account the useful lives of the assets, which are reviewed annually. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the lease contract term and useful life of the property. Changes to the useful lives of property, plant and equipment could impact our depreciation expenses and results.

Intangible assets. Intangible assets include assets acquired by us from third parties, according to the criteria below (see n ote 15 to our consolidated financial statements):

- Goodwill is shown as intangible assets corresponding to the positive difference between the amount paid or payable to the seller and the fair value of the identified assets and liabilities assumed of the acquired entity. Goodwill is tested annually for impairment. Goodwill is allocated to the business segments, which represent the lowest level that goodwill is monitored for impairment testing purposes.
- Other intangible assets acquired from third parties, such as software, technology and commercial property rights, are measured at the total acquisition cost and amortized using straight-line method, for the periods mentioned in n ote 15 to our consolidated financial statements, taking into account their useful lives, which are reviewed annually. The Company and its subsidiaries have not recognized intangible assets that were generated internally.

The Company and its subsidiaries have goodwill and brands acquired in business combinations, which are evaluated as intangible assets with indefinite useful life (see n ote 15 to our consolidated financial statements).

Changes to the useful lives of the definite useful lives intangibles could impact our selling expenses and results.

Impairment of assets. The Company and its subsidiaries review, in every report period, the existence of any indication that an asset may be impaired and annually test intangible assets with undefined useful life. If there is an indication, the Company and its subsidiaries estimate the recoverable amount of the asset. Assets that cannot be evaluated individually are grouped in the smallest group of assets that generate cash inflow from continuous use and that are largely independent of cash flows of other assets (cash generating units “CGU”). The recoverable amount of assets or CGUs corresponds to the greater of their fair value net of applicable direct selling costs and their value in use.

The fair value less costs of disposal is determined by the price that would be received to sell an asset in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, net of costs of removing the asset, and direct incremental costs to bring an asset into condition for its sale, legal costs, and taxes.

To assess the value in use, the projections of future cash flows, trends, and outlooks, as well as the effects of obsolescence, demand, competition, and other economic factors were considered. Such cash flows are discounted to their present values using the discount rate before tax that reflects market conditions for the period of impairment testing and the specific risks of the asset or CGU being evaluated. In cases where the expected discounted future cash flows are less than their carrying amount, an impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value of these assets. Losses for impairment of assets are recognized in profit or loss. In case goodwill has been allocated to a CGU, the recognized losses are first allocated to reduce the corresponding goodwill. If the goodwill is not enough to absorb such losses, the surplus is allocated to the assets on a pro-rata basis. An impairment of goodwill cannot be reversed. For other assets, impairment losses may be reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortization, if the impairment had not been recognized.

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We tested annually the balances of goodwill shown in the table of n ote 15 to our consolidated financial statements for impairment. The determination of value in use involves assumptions, judgments, and estimates of cash flows, such as growth rates of revenues, costs and expenses, estimates of investments and working capital, and discount rates. The assumptions about growth projections and future cash flows are based on our business plan of its operating segments, as well as comparable market data, and represent management’s best estimate of the economic conditions that will exist over the economic life of the various CGUs, to which goodwill is related.

The evaluation of the value in use is calculated for a period of five years (except the Extrafarma segment), after which we calculate the perpetuity, considering the possibility of carrying the business on indefinitely. For the Extrafarma segment, a period of ten years was used because a four-year period to maturity of new stores was considered.

On December 31, 20 20, the discount and real growth rates used to extrapolate the projections ranged from 8.5% to 11.0% and from 0% to 1% p.a., respectively, depending on the CGU analyzed.

No impairment was recognized on December 31, 2020. The goodwill impairment tests and net assets of the Company and its subsidiaries resulted in the recognition of impairment in the amount of R$593 million for subsidiary Extrafarma for the year ended December 31, 2019. See n ote 2.u to our consolidated financial statements. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company recognized an impairment loss in the amount of R$5.6 million for subsidiary Oxiteno Andina.

Changes to the significant assumptions and economic conditions could impact the value in use of the assets and could result in impairment losses and impact our results.

Contractual assets with customers—exclusive rights. Exclusive rights disbursements as provided in Ipiranga’s agreements with reseller service stations and major consumers are recognized as contractual assets when paid and amortized according to the conditions established in the agreements (amortization in weighted average term of five years), being reviewed as changes occur under the terms of the agreements. (see n ote s 2.a and 11 to our consolidated financial statements). Changes under the terms of the agreements could impact our revenues and results.

Provisions for assets retirement obligations—fuel tanks. We make provisions for assets retirement obligations that correspond to the legal obligation to remove Ipiranga’s underground fuel tanks located at Ipiranga-branded service stations after a certain period. The estimated cost of the obligation to remove these fuel tanks is recognized as a liability when the tanks are installed. The estimated cost is recognized in property, plant, and equipment and depreciated over the respective useful life of the tanks. The amounts recognized as a liability accrue interest using the IPCA until the respective tank is removed. An increase in the estimated cost of the obligation to remove the tanks could result in negative impact in future results. The estimated removal cost is reviewed and updated annually or when there are significant changes in its amount, and changes in the estimated costs are recognized in statements of profit or loss when they become known. For further detail on provisions for assets retirement obligations of Ipiranga, see n ote 21 to our consolidated financial statements.

Subscription warrants – indemnification fair value determination. Subscription warrants are valued at fair value according to Ultrapar’s share price (UGPA3) as of each closing date of financial statements, reduced by the dividend yield, once the subscription warrants’ exercise is only possible from 2020 onward, without dividends rights until then. The number of shares of the subscription warrants – indemnification is also adjusted according to the variation of the amounts of provisions and of tax, civil and labor risks contingent liabilities, in relation to the period before January 31, 2014. For further detail, see n otes 24 and 33.j to our consolidated financial statements. Changes to the significant assumptions used to measure to the fair value, including Ultrapar’s share prices, could impact our results.

Financial assets. The Company and its subsidiaries evaluated the classification and measurement of financial assets based on its business model as follows:

- Amortized cost: financial assets held in order to collect contractual cash flows, solely principal and interest. The interest earned and the foreign currency exchange variation are recognized in profit or loss, and balances are stated at acquisition cost plus the interest earned, using the effective interest rate method. Financial investments in guarantee of loans are classified as amortized cost.
- Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income: financial assets that are acquired or originated for the purpose of collecting contractual cash flows or selling financial assets. The balances are stated at fair value, and the interest earned, and the foreign currency exchange variation are recognized in profit or loss. Differences between fair value and initial amount of financial investments plus the interest earned are recognized in equity in other comprehensive income in the “Valuation adjustments”. Accumulated gains and losses recognized in equity are reclassified to profit or loss at the time of their settlement. Substantially the financial investments in Bank Certificates of Deposit (“CDB”) and repurchase agreements are classified as measured at fair value through other comprehensive income.
- Measured at fair value through profit or loss: financial assets that were not classified as amortized cost or measured at fair value through other comprehensive income. The balances are stated at fair value and both the interest earned and the exchange variations and changes in fair value are recognized in the income statement. Investment funds and derivatives are classified as measured at fair value through profit or loss.

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We and our subsidiaries use derivative financial instruments for hedging purposes, applying the concepts described below:

- Hedge accounting—fair value hedge: financial instruments used to hedge exposure to changes in the fair value of an item, attributable to a particular risk, which can affect the entity’s statements of profit or loss. In the initial designation of the fair value hedge, the relationship between the hedging instrument and the hedged item is documented, including the objectives of risk management, the strategy in conducting the transaction, and the methods to be used to evaluate its effectiveness. Once the fair value hedge has been qualified as effective, the hedge item is also measured at fair value. Gains and losses from hedge instruments and hedge items are recognized in the statements of profit or loss. The hedge accounting must be discontinued when the hedge becomes ineffective.
- Hedge accounting—cash flow hedge: financial instruments used to hedge the exposure to variability in cash flows that is attributable to a risk associated with an asset or liability or highly probable transaction or firm commitment that may affect the statements of profit or loss. The portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument that is determined to be effective relating to the effects of exchange rate effect, is recognized directly in equity in accumulated other comprehensive income as “Valuation adjustments” while the ineffective portion is recognized in the statements of profit or loss. Gains or losses on the hedging instrument relating to the effective portion of this hedge that had been recognized directly in accumulated other comprehensive income shall be recognized in profit or loss in the period in which the hedged item is recognized in profit or loss or as initial cost of non-financial assets, in the same line of the statement that the hedged item is recognized. The hedge accounting shall be discontinued when (i) the hedging relationship is canceled; (ii) the hedging instrument expires; and (iii) the hedging instrument no longer qualifies for hedge accounting. When hedge accounting is discontinued, gains and losses recognized in equity in other comprehensive income are reclassified to the statements of profit or loss in the period which the hedged item is recognized in profit or loss. If the transaction hedged is canceled or is not expected to occur, the cumulative gains and losses in equity in other comprehensive income shall be recognized immediately in profit or loss.
- Hedge accounting—hedge of net investments in foreign operation: financial instruments used to hedge exposure on net investments in foreign subsidiaries due to the fact that the local functional currency is different from the functional currency of the Company. The portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument that is determined to be effective, referring to the exchange rate effect, is recognized directly in equity in accumulated other comprehensive income as cumulative translation adjustments, while the ineffective portion and the operating costs are recognized in the statements of profit or loss. The gain or loss on the hedging instrument that has been recognized directly in accumulated other comprehensive income shall be recognized in the statements of profit or loss when the disposal of the foreign subsidiary occurs.

The fair value of financial instruments, including currency and interest hedging instruments, was determined as follows:

- The fair value of cash and bank deposit balances are identical to their carrying values.
- Financial investments in investment funds are valued at the value of the fund unit as of the date of the financial statements, which corresponds to their fair value.
- Financial investments in CDBs (Bank Certificates of Deposit) and similar investments offer daily liquidity through repurchase at the “yield curve” and the Company calculates their fair value through methodologies commonly used for mark-to-market.
- The fair value of trade receivables and trade payables are approximate to their carrying values and the Company calculates its fair value through methodologies commonly used in the market.
- The subscription warrants—indemnification was measured based on the share price of Ultrapar (UGPA3) at the financial statements date and are adjusted to the Company’s dividend yield, since the exercise is only possible starting in 2020 onwards and they are not entitled to dividends until then. The number of shares of subscription warrants – indemnification is also adjusted according to the changes in the amounts of provision for tax, civil, and labor risks and contingent liabilities related to the period prior to January 31, 2014. (See n ote 24 to our consolidated financial statements).
- The fair value calculation of notes in the foreign market (see n ote 16.b to our consolidated financial statements) is based on the quoted price in an active market.

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The fair value of other financial investments, financing and leases payable was determined using calculation methodologies commonly used for mark-to-market reporting, which consist of calculating future cash flows associated with each instrument adopted and adjusting them to present value at the market rates at off the date of the reporting period. For some cases where there is no active market for the financial instrument, the Company and its subsidiaries can use quotes provided by the transaction counterparties.

The interpretation of market information on the choice of calculation methodologies for the fair value requires considerable judgment and estimates to obtain a value deemed appropriate to each situation. Consequently, the estimates presented do not necessary indicate the amounts that may be realizable in the current market. Changes in the significant assumptions used to measure the fair value of financial assets and liabilities could impact our results.

For further detail on financial instruments of the Company, see n ote 33 to our consolidated financial statements.

Financial liabilities. The financial liabilities include trade payables, loans, financing, debentures, leases payable and derivative financial instruments. Financial liabilities are classified as “financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss” or “financial liabilities at amortized cost”. The financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss refer to derivative financial instruments, subscription warrants—indemnification, and financial liabilities designated as hedged items in a fair value hedge relationship upon initial recognition (see n ote 2.c to our consolidated financial statements). The financial liabilities at amortized cost are stated at the initial transaction amount plus related charges and net of amortization and transaction costs. The charges are recognized in the statement of profit or loss using the effective interest rate method.

Transaction costs incurred and directly attributable to the activities necessary for contracting loans or for issuing bonds, as well as premiums and discounts upon issuance of debentures and other debt, are allocated to the instrument and amortized the statement of to profit or loss over its term, using the effective interest rate method (see n ote 16.h to our consolidated financial statements).

Changes in the significant assumptions used to measure the fair value of financial assets and liabilities could impact our results.

Post-employment benefits. Our subsidiaries recognized a provision for post-employment benefits mainly related to seniority bonus, payment of FGTS, and health, dental care, and life insurance plan for eligible retirees. The amounts related to such benefits were determined based on a valuation conducted by an independent actuary and reviewed by management as of December 31, 2020 and are recognized in the financial statements in accordance with IAS 19 (Revised 2011). See n ote 20.b to our consolidated financial statements.

Significant actuarial assumptions adopted include:

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Economic factors

| 2020 |  | 2019 |
| % per year |  | % per year |
Discount rate for the actuarial obligation at present value | 8.22 |  | 8.79 |
Average projected salary growth rate | 7.07 |  | 7.64 |
Inflation rate (long term) | 3.25 |  | 3.80 |
Growth rate of medical services | 7.38 |  | 7.95 |

Demographic factors

- Mortality Table for the life insurance benefit—CSO-80
- Mortality Table for other benefits—AT 2000 Basic decreased by 10%
- Disabled Mortality Table—RRB 1983 and RRB-1944
- Disability Table—Weak light

For further information on our post-employment benefits, see n ote 20.b to our consolidated financial statements.

Changes to the significant actuarial assumptions could impact our results.

Adoption of the Pronouncements Issued by IFRS as issued by the IASB. The Company adopted IFRS 16 – Leases and IFRIC 23 – Uncertainty over income tax treatments effective on January 1, 2019. For further detail, see “Presentation of Financial Information” and n ote 2.y to our consolidated financial statements.

Standards and criteria adopted in preparing the information

The consolidated financial information presented below was prepared based on the consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the consolidated Statements of Profit or Loss and Statements of Cash Flows as of and for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 that derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included in this annual report and prepared in accordance with IFRS. Ultrapar’s financial information is presented on a consolidated basis. Financial information relating to Ultragaz, Ultracargo, Oxiteno, Ipiranga, Extrafarma and abastece aí is presented on an individual basis and does not reflect elimination of intercompany transactions. Accordingly, the sum of individual financial information of Ultrapar’s subsidiaries may not correspond to the consolidated financial information of Ultrapar. See “Presentation of Financial Information”.

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Summary of the changes due to IFRS 16

With effect from January 1, 2019, we adopted the IFRS 16 published by IASB – International Accounting Standards Board prospectively.

Summary of the changes due to the segregation of the Holding expenses

We adopted new reporting practice s that allocate holding expenses previously recognized by our five businesses segments as Ultrapar's expenses (on an unconsolidated basis). We believe that such reporting practice s provide additional transparency and comparability with peer companies. These holding expenses include those incurred by our main governance bodies (including our Board of Directors, Fiscal Council, advisory committees to the Board of Directors, holding CEO and CFO), in addition to areas that we consider related to a holding-company framework such as investor relations and M&A. The segregation of these expenses was adjusted retroactively to maintain comparability among the results of the Company in 2020, 2019 and 2018.

Results of operations

The following discussion of our results of operations is based on the financial information derived from our consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS.

Year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019.

The following table shows a summary of our results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:

| Year ended December 31, 2020 |  |  |  | % of net revenue from sales and services |  |  |  | Year ended December 31, 2019 |  |  |  | % of net revenue from sales and services |  |  |  | Percent change 2020—2019 |
| (R$ million) |
Net revenue from sales and services | 81,241.1 |  |  |  | 100% |  |  |  | 89,298.0 |  |  |  | 100% |  |  |  | -9% |
Cost of products and services sold | (7 5,628.2 | ) |  |  | 93% |  |  |  | (83,187.1 | ) |  |  | 93% |  |  |  | -9% |
Gross profit | 5,612.9 |  |  |  | 7% |  |  |  | 6,110.9 |  |  |  | 7% |  |  |  | -8% |
Selling, marketing, general and administrative expenses | (4,098.4 | ) |  |  | 5% |  |  |  | (4,366.6 | ) |  |  | 5% |  |  |  | -6% |
Other operating income, net | 221.4 |  |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | 179.6 |  |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | 2 3% |
Gain (loss) on disposal of property, plant and equipment and intangibles | 76.1 |  |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | (30.0 | ) |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | -354% |
Impairment of assets | — |  |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | (593.3 | ) |  |  | 1% |  |  |  | na |
Operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit (loss) of joint-ventures and associates | 1,812.1 |  |  |  | 2% |  |  |  | 1,300.6 |  |  |  | 1% |  |  |  | 3 9% |
Net financial expenses | (269.4 | ) |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | (506.9 | ) |  |  | 1% |  |  |  | -47% |
Income and social contribution taxes | (571.4 | ) |  |  | 1% |  |  |  | (378.6 | ) |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | 51% |
Share of profit (loss) of joint-ventures and associates | (43.6 | ) |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | (12.1 | ) |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | 259% |
Net income | 927.7 |  |  |  | 1% |  |  |  | 402.9 |  |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | 130% |
Net income attributable to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Shareholders of Ultrapar | 893.4 |  |  |  | 1% |  |  |  | 373.5 |  |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | 139% |
Non-controlling shareholders of the subsidiaries | 34.3 |  |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | 29.4 |  |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | 17% |

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Net revenue from sales and services. Ultrapar’s net revenue from sales and services decreased 9%, from R$89,298.0 million in 2019 to R$8 1,241.1 million in 20 20, as further described below. Ultrapar’s net revenue from sales and services generally includes revenues from gas and fuel sales by Ultragaz and Ipiranga, respectively, liquid bulk storage services provided by Ultracargo specialty chemicals sales by Oxiteno and, pharmaceutical products sales by Extrafarma, reduced by sales taxes such as ICMS, PIS and COFINS and by discounts and sales returns.

The following table shows the change in net revenue from sales and services for each of our segments:

| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | Percent change 2020—2019 |
| (R$ million) |  |  |
Ultragaz | 7,408.3 |  | 7,094.8 |  | 4% |
Ultracargo | 644.2 |  | 540.8 |  | 1 9% |
Oxiteno | 5,210.7 |  | 4,254.2 |  | 22% |
Ipiranga | 66,133.0 |  | 75,452.5 |  | -12% |
Extrafarma | 1,988.4 |  | 2,060.6 |  | -4% |
abastece aí | 17.2 |  | — |  | na |

Ultragaz’s net revenue from sales increased by 4%, from R$7,094.8 million in 2019 to R$7,408.3 million in 2020, mainly due to higher sales volume in the period and increases of LPG prices implemented by Petrobras in 2020 (see “Business Overview Overview—Distribution of Liquefied Petroleum Gas—Ultragaz—Prices of LPG"). Ultragaz’s sales volume increased 2% in 2020, from 1,706 thousand of tons in 2019 to 1,732 thousand of tons in 2020, reflecting market growth in the period. In the bottled segment, volumes increased 2%, due to stronger residential consumption driven by restrictions imposed by the pandemic. In the bulk segment, volumes remained stable with higher sales to industry and special gases (propellants), which were partially offset by lower volumes to the commercial and services sectors, most affected by social distancing measures adopted in connection with efforts to contain the spread of COVID-19 pandemic.

Ultracargo’s net revenue from services increased by 19%, from R$540.8 million in 2019 to R$644.2 million in 2020, driven by greater fuel handling in light of expansions and spot operations as well as higher tariffs due to contractual readjustments. The average installed capacity at Ultracargo in 2020 increased 12%, due to expanded tankage capacity at the terminals in Santos and Itaqui in the past 18 months. Consequently, cubic meter sold grew by 14% with greater fuel handling at the two terminals and a higher number of spot operations. Ultracargo ended the year with a market share of product handling of 25.2% versus 23.7% at the end of 2019 according to ABLT, which was in line with the company’s growth plan.

Oxiteno’s net revenue from sales increased by 22%, from R$4,254.2 million in 2019 to R$5,210.7 million in 2020, due to the average devaluation of 31% of the Real (from R$3.95 per US$1.00 in 2019 to R$5.16 per US$1.00 in 2020) coupled with higher sales volumes. This increase was partially offset by a reduction of 6% in average prices in US Dollars following the decline in petrochemical prices in the international market. Sales volume at Oxiteno increased 3% in 2020, from 734 thousand of tons in 2019 to 753 thousand of tons in 2020. Specialty chemicals sales volume increased 6% as a result of increased sales to home and personal care and crop solutions segments in the domestic market, coupled with the increase d sales in the United States, due to the ramp-up of the Pasadena plant, and higher exports. Commodity volume sales decreased 10% in 2020 compared with 2019, due to a slowdown in market demand.

Ipiranga’s net revenue from sales decreased by 12%, from R$75,452.5 million in 2019 to R$66,133.0 million in 2020, mainly due to lower sales volume and average fuel price volatility, in particular the fuel price substantial fall between March and April 2020, followed by continuous increases in the subsequent months. Ipiranga’s sales volume fell 9% in 20 20 due to the effects of the pandemic which significantly impacted fuel consumption in Brazil, mainly in the second quarter of 2020. This decrease was partially offset by a gradual recovery in demand for the period following the second quarter of 2020. The Otto cycle segment was the mostly affected by the lower demand, with sales volume decreasing 14% in 2020 compared to 2019. Sales volume of diesel decreased 3% in 2020 compared to 2019.

Extrafarma’s net revenue from sales decreased by 4%, from R$2,060.6 million in 2019 to R$1,988.4 million in 20 20, due to the reduction of the number of stores of 3% in 2020 as compared to 2019, associated with a more conservative expansion strategy coupled with a rigorous process of closing underperforming units. Approximately 7% of the drugstores located in shopping malls were temporary closed for certain months during 2020, and lower customer flow in the stores resulted mainly from restrictive measures adopted in connection to contain the COVID-19 pandemic spread in the location s where Extrafarma operates. These effects were offset by higher sales from same stores in operation, an increase of 4% in 2020 as compared to 2019, driven by the higher average ticket and by the reinforcing and expansion of sales through the digital channels. Extrafarma opened two new drugstores and closed 13 in 2020, a 3% reduction in the size of the network, which as of December 31, 2020, totaled 405 units. At the end of the year, the stores still ramping up (with up to three years of operations) represented 25% of the network, the result of greater selectivity in expansion and a more rigorous approach to underperforming stores.

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abastece aí’s net revenue from sales was R$17.2 million in 2020, mainly linked to Ipiranga gas stations transactions and new partnerships.

Cost of products and services sold. Ultrapar’s cost of products and services sold decreased by 9%, from R$83,187.1 million in 2019 to R$75,628.2 million in 2020, as further detailed below. Ultrapar main costs of products and services sold are related to the purchase of goods for resale, including diesel, gasoline and ethanol for Ipiranga, LPG for Ultragaz and pharmaceutical products for Extrafarma, and raw material, substantially the ethylene for Oxiteno, and depreciation and amortization.

The following table shows the change in cost of products and services sold for each of our segments:

| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | Percent change 2020—2019 |
| (R$ million) |  |  |
Ultragaz | 6,310.2 |  | 6,105.0 |  | 3% |
Ultracargo | 270.0 |  | 261.0 |  | 3% |
Oxiteno | 4,188.7 |  | 3,537.6 |  | 18% |
Ipiranga | 63,609.9 |  | 71,962.7 |  | -12% |
Extrafarma | 1,399.1 |  | 1,462.3 |  | -4% |
abastece aí | — |  | — |  | na |

Ultragaz’s cost of goods sold increased by 3%, from R$6,105.0 million in 2019 to R$6,310.2 million in 2020, due to the increase s of LPG prices implemented Petrobras in 2020 (see "Business Overview—Distribution of Liquefied Petroleum Gas—Ultragaz—Prices of LPG"), in addition to higher freight costs associated with sourcing LPG from more distant supply bases, as under our LPG supply agreement with Petrobras we are responsible for freight costs and Petrobras may supply LPG through various hubs, not necessarily close to our facilities.

Ultracargo’s cost of services sold increased by 3%, from R$261.0 million in 2019 to R$270.0 million in 2020, due to the increase in tankage capacity between the periods. The cost of services provided per cubic meter sold posted a decrease of 9%, reflecting gains in productivity at the terminals.

Oxiteno’s cost of goods sold increased by 18%, from R$3,537.6 million in 2019 to R$4,188.7 million in 2020, due to the average devaluation of 31% in the Real (R$1.21/US$) and to higher sales volume. This increase was partially offset by a reduction of 12% in average unit costs in US Dollars due to the decline in petrochemical prices in the international market.

Ipiranga’s cost of goods sold decreased by 1 2%, from R$71,962.7 million in 2019 to R$63,609.9 million in 20 20, in line with the reduction in sales volume described above.

Extrafarma’s cost of goods sold de creased by 4%, from R$1,462.3 million in 2019 to R$1,399.1 million in 2020, largely due to lower sales in the period, partially offset b y the annual price adjustment of 4% implemented in June 2020.

Gross profit. For the reasons described above, Ultrapar’s gross profit decreased by 8%, from R$6,110.9 million in 2019 to R$5,612.9 million in 20 20, mainly as a result of decreased gross profit in Ipiranga. Ipiranga’s gross profit decreased by 28%, from R$3,489.7 million in 2019 to R$2,523.2 million in 2020. Ultragaz’s gross profit increased by 11%, from R$989.9 million in 2019 to R$1,098.2 million in 2020. Ultracargo’s gross profit increased by 34%, from R$279.7 million in 2019 to R$374.2 million in 2020. Oxiteno’s gross profit increased by 43%, from R$716.7 million in 2019 to R$1,022.0 million in 2020. Extrafarma’s gross profit decreased by 1%, from R$598.3 million in 2019 to R$589.3 million in 2020. abastece aí’s gross profit was R$17.2 million in 2020.

Selling, marketing, general and administrative expenses. Ultrapar’s selling, marketing, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses generally include personnel, freight, marketing and depreciation and amortization expenses. Ultrapar’s SG&A expenses decreased by 6%, from R$4,366.6 million in 2019 to R$4,098.4 million in 20 20.

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The following table shows the changes in SG&A expenses for each of our segments:

| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | Percent change 2020—2019 |
| (R$ million) |  |  |
Ultragaz | 620.2 |  | 6 36.5 |  | -3% |
Ultracargo | 129.9 |  | 13 3.4 |  | -3% |
Oxiteno | 819.6 |  | 724.2 |  | 13% |
Ipiranga | 1,7 30.9 |  | 2,002.1 |  | -1 4% |
Extrafarma | 653.6 |  | 7 38.5 |  | -11% |
abastece aí | 47.1 |  | — |  | na |

Ultragaz’s SG&A expenses decreased by 3%, from R$636.5 million in 2019 to R$6 20.2 million in 202 0, as a result of several initiatives implemented for reducing expenses, particularly in the payroll line, in addition to lower expenses with materials and provisions for doubtful accounts. This was partially offset by the increase in freight expenditures as a result of higher volume and inflation rate in the period together with higher fees for consultancies hired to improve operational efficiency.

Ultracargo’s SG&A expenses decreased by 3%, from R$133.4 million in 2019 to R$1 29.9 million in 20 20, due to lower payroll expenses, albeit attenuated by higher expenditures with IT systems for strengthening the technological platform and conceptual engineering projects for expansion studies.

Oxiteno’s SG&A expenses increased by 13%, from R$724.2 million in 2019 to R$819.6 million in 20 20, a result of higher freight charges (greater volume and the currency translation effect on international freight charges), the effect of foreign currency exchange rates variation on expenses at the international units and higher amortizations of software, attenuated by lower payroll expenses and initiatives taken to cut expenses, such as reduction of expenses related to business travelling, training, consulting, marketing, among other expenses.

Ipiranga’s SG&A expenses decreased by 1 4%, from R$2,002.1 million in 2019 to R$1,7 30.9 million in 20 20, mainly due to the reduction in payroll and freight (lower sales volume) in addition to lower provisions for doubtful accounts and costs controls on various fronts, such as freight, payroll and marketing expenses.

Extrafarma’s SG&A expenses decreased by 11%, from R$738.5 million in 2019 to R$653.6 million in 20 20, reflecting the reduction in the number of stores and initiatives taken to contain expenditures, productivity gains and logistics optimization, such as the opening of strategic located distribution centers, closing stores in less representative locations, renegotiation of lease agreements, among other initiatives.

abastece a í’s SG&A expenses were R$47.1 million in 2020, mainly due to pa yroll, technology and marketing expenses for structuring and growth of the business.

Income (expense) from disposal of assets. Ultrapar’s expense from disposal of assets increased from a net expense of R$30.0 million in 2019 to a net income of R$76.1 million in 20 20, as is due principally to the sale of real estate at Ipiranga in 2020, and the closure of underperforming stores at Extrafarma and the writing off of Oxiteno Andina assets, both in 2019. The sale of Ipiranga's real estate properties are part of the company's business strategy to optimize employed capital when certain real estate properties value is higher than its respective value as an operational asset for the company.

Impairment of assets. Impairment of assets varied from R$593.3 million in 2019 to zero in 2020. In 2019 there was an impairment of goodwill related to Extrafarma segment, with no cash effect, as a consequence of the worse than expected results as compared to the original business plan. In 2020, Ultrapar and its subsidiaries, including Extrafarma ran their impairment tests and no further impairment adjustments were required.

Other operating income, net. Other operating income, net increased by 2 3%, from R$179.6 million in 2019 to R$221.4 million in 20 20, reflecting tax credits at Oxiteno and Ultracargo in 2020, partially compensated by the appropriation of costs in the total amount of R$124.0 million, with respect to Renovabio targets at Ipiranga also in 2020, tax credits at Extrafarma in 2019, and the recognition in 2019 of a R$65.5 million provision for the payment of the Conduct Adjustment Agreement (“TAC”) at Ultracargo, signed with the Public Prosecutor’s Office, relating to the implementation of actions to offset the impacts caused to the Santos estuary following the fire at the Ultracargo terminal in 2015 (see “Item 4.A. Information on the Company—History and Development of the Company—Ultracargo —Fire at storage facilities in Santos”).

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Operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit of joint-ventures and associates. For the reasons described above, Ultrapar’s operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit of joint-ventures and associates in creased by 39%, from R$1,300.6 million in 2019 to R$1,812.1 million in 20 20, as a result of the in creased operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit of joint-ventures and associates in Ultragaz, Ultracargo, Oxiteno and Extrafarma. Ultragaz’s operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit of associates increased by 34%, from R$369.0 million in 2019 to R$494.2 million in 2020. Ultracargo’s operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit of joint-ventures and associates increased by 203%, from R$83.2 million in 2019 to R$251.8 million in 2020. Oxiteno’s operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit of associates in creased from a loss of R$12.8 million in 201 9 to an operating income of R$355.9 million in 20 20. Ipirang a’s operating income before financial income (expenses) and sha re of profit of joint-ventures and associates decreased by 4 5%, from R$1,674.4 million in 2019 to R$915.4 million in 2020. Extrafarma’s operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit of joint-ventures and associates in creased by 90%, from operating loss of R$720.3 million in 201 9 to an operating loss of R$69.7 million in 20 20. abastece aí’s operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit of joint-ventures and associates was R$29.0 million negative in 2020.

Net financial expenses. Net financial expenses include mainly income and expenses from interest on financial investments and financing and exchange rate variation. Ultrapar’s net financial expenses de creased by 47%, from R$506.9 million in 2019 to R$269.4 million in 20 20, due to mainly to the appropriation of interest on extemporaneous tax credits in the amount of R$238.3 million in 2020.

Income and social contribution taxes. Ultrapar’s income and social contribution taxes, net of benefits from income tax exemptions, in creased by 5 1%, from R$378.6 million in 2019 to R$571.4 million in 20 20.

Net income for the year. Ultrapar’s net income increased by 130%, from R$402.9 million in 2019 to R$927.7 million in 20 20, mainly due to the impairment of R$593.3 million at Extrafarma in 2019 and lower financial expenses in 2020, partially offset by lower EBITDA and higher taxes in 2020.

Adjusted EBITDA. Ultrapar’s Adjusted EBITDA increased 24%, from R$2,800.3 million in 2019 to R$3,478.5 million in 2020, as a result of higher EBITDA in Ultragaz, Ultracargo, Oxiteno and Extrafarma.

The purpose of including EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA information is to provide a measure used by management for internal assessment of our operating results, and because part of our employee profit sharing plan is linked directly or indirectly to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA performance. It is also a financial indicator widely used by investors and analysts to measure our ability to generate cash from operations and our operating performance. We also calculate EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA in connection with covenants related to some of our financing, as described in note 16 to our consolidated financial statements. We believe EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA allow a better understanding not only of our financial performance but also of our capacity of meeting the payment of interest and principal from our debt and of obtaining resources for our investments and working capital. Our definition of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA may differ from, and, therefore, may not be comparable with similarly titled measures used by other companies, thereby limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure. Because EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA exclude net financial expense (income), income and social contribution taxes, depreciation and amortization (and, in the case of Adjusted EBITDA, also excludes cash flow hedge from bonds and amortization of contractual assets with customers—exclusive rights), they provide an indicator of general economic performance that is not affected by debt restructurings, fluctuations in interest rates or changes in income and social contribution taxes, depreciation and amortization. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not measures of financial performance under IFRS and should not be considered in isolation, or as substitutes for net income, as measures of operating performance, as substitutes for cash flows from operations or as measures of liquidity. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA have material limitations that impair their value as a measure of a company’s overall profitability since they do not address certain ongoing costs of our businesses that could significantly affect profitability such as financial expense (income), income and social contribution taxes, depreciation and amortization, (and in the case of Adjusted EBITDA, also excludes cash flow hedge from bonds and amortization of contractual assets with customers—exclusive rights).

The reconciliation of the EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA starting from the net income is presented below:

R$ million | 2020 |  | 2019 |
Net income for the year | 927.7 |  | 402.9 |
(+) Income and social contribution taxes | 571.4 |  | 378.6 |
(+) Net financial expenses | 269.4 |  | 506.9 |
(+) Depreciation and amortization | 938.8 |  | 844.6 |
(+) Amortization of right-of-use assets | 328.3 |  | 300.1 |
EBITDA(1) | 3,035.6 |  | 2,433.1 |
Adjustments |  |  |  |
(+) Cash flow hedge from bonds (Oxiteno) | 153.5 |  | 11.9 |
(+) Amortization of contractual assets with customers – exclusive rights (Ipiranga and Ultragaz)(2) | 289.4 |  | 355.2 |
Adjusted EBITDA(1) | 3,478.5 |  | 2,800.3 |

(1) See footnote 5 under “Item 3.A. Key Information—Selected Consolidated Financial Data” for a more complete discussion of EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and its reconciliation to information in our financial statements.

(2) See footnote 4 under “Item 3.A. Key Information—Selected Consolidated Financial Data”.

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The following table shows the changes in Adjusted EBITDA for Ipiranga, Oxiteno and Ultragaz and EBITDA for Ultracargo, Extrafarma and abastece aí:

| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | Percent change 2020—2019 |
| (R$ million) |  |  |
Ultragaz | 729.1 |  | 5 86.7 |  | 24% |
Ultracargo | 337.5 |  | 16 4.8 |  | 10 5% |
Oxiteno | 784.8 |  | 221.6 |  | 254% |
Ipiranga | 1,69 3.9 |  | 2,486.6 |  | -3 2% |
Extrafarma | 84.2 |  | (5 65.9 | ) | na |
abastece aí | (24.9 | ) | — |  | na |

Ultragaz’s Adjusted EBITDA amounted to a record of R$729.1 million in 20 20, 2 4% higher than 201 9, mainly due to higher sales volume, greater efficiency and a reduction in expenses, as described in the comments above.

Ultracargo’s EBITDA totaled a record of R$337.5 million in 20 20, a n increase of 10 5% compared to 201 9, due mainly to the (i) result of expansions in capacity and efficiency gains at the terminals, contractual readjustments and productivity gains; (ii) provision made in 2019 for the payment of the TAC in the amount of R$65.5 million (see “Item 4.A. Information on the Company—History and Development of the Company—Ultracargo —Fire at storage facilities in Santos”) and (iii) extraordinary PIS/Cofins tax credits of R$11.7 million in 2020.

Oxiteno’s Adjusted EBITDA amounted to a record of R$784.8 million in 2020, an increase of 254% compared to 2019, largely explained by (i) the constitution of extraordinary tax credits in 2020, (ii) a greater sales volume, (iii) improvement in contribution margins in US Dollars, (iv) ramp-up of the Pasadena plant in the United States, (v) average devaluation of 31% on the Real (R$1.21/US$), and (vi) writing off of Oxiteno Andina’s assets of R$14.0 million in 2019.

Ipiranga reported an Adjusted EBITDA of R$1,69 3.9 million in 2020, a decrease of 3 2% compared to 201 9, mainly the result of lower sales volume and narrower margins, worsened by the volatility in fuel prices as well as the variation in other operational results. These effects were partially offset by initiatives for controlling costs and higher results from the disposal of property.

Extrafarma reported an EBITDA of R$84.2 million in 20 20 compared to R$565.9 million negative in 2019, mainly because of the (i) impairment of goodwill in its acquisition in 2019 (see n otes 2.u and 15.a to our consolidated financial statements), (ii) closure of underperforming stores, (iii) greater profitability from the existing network, (iv) better margins and (v) initiatives for improving productivity and reducing expenses.

abastece aí reported an EBITDA of R$24.9 million negative in 2020, due to payroll, technology and marketing expenses for structuring and growth of the business.

For a reconciliation of our Adjusted EBITDA, the Adjusted EBITDA of Ultragaz, Oxiteno and Ipiranga and the EBITDA of Ultracargo, Extrafarma and abastece aí to information in our financial statements, see footnote 5 under “Item 3.A. Key Information—Selected Consolidated Financial Data”.

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Year ended December 31, 2019 compared to the year ended December 31, 2018.

The following table shows a summary of our results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:

| Year ended December 31, 2019 |  |  |  | % of net revenue from sales and services |  |  |  | Year ended December 31, 2018 |  |  |  | % of net revenue from sales and services |  |  |  | Percent change 2019—2018 |
| (R$ million) |
Net revenue from sales and services | 89,298.0 |  |  |  | 100% |  |  |  | 90,698.0 |  |  |  | 100% |  |  |  | -2% |
Cost of products and services sold | (83,187.1 | ) |  |  | 93% |  |  |  | (84,537.4 | ) |  |  | 93% |  |  |  | -2% |
Gross profit | 6,110.9 |  |  |  | 7% |  |  |  | 6,160.6 |  |  |  | 7% |  |  |  | -1% |
Selling, marketing, general and administrative expenses | (4,366.6 | ) |  |  | 5% |  |  |  | (4,296.7 | ) |  |  | 5% |  |  |  | 2% |
Other operating income, net | 179.6 |  |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | 57.5 |  |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | 212% |
Gain (loss) on disposal of property, plant and equipment and intangibles | (30.0 | ) |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | (22.1 | ) |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | 36% |
Impairment of assets | (593.3 | ) |  |  | 1% |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | na |
Operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit (loss) of joint-ventures and associates | 1,300.6 |  |  |  | 1% |  |  |  | 1,899.4 |  |  |  | 2% |  |  |  | -32% |
Net financial expenses | (506.9 | ) |  |  | 1% |  |  |  | (113.5 | ) |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | 346% |
Income and social contribution taxes | (378.6 | ) |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | (638.7 | ) |  |  | 1% |  |  |  | -41% |
Share of profit (loss) of joint-ventures and associates | (12.1 | ) |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | (14.8 | ) |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | -18% |
Net income | 402.9 |  |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | 1,132.3 |  |  |  | 1% |  |  |  | -64% |
Net income attributable to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Shareholders of Ultrapar | 373.5 |  |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | 1,150.4 |  |  |  | 1% |  |  |  | -68% |
Non-controlling shareholders of the subsidiaries | 29.4 |  |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | (18.1 | ) |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | -263% |

Net revenue from sales and services. Ultrapar’s net revenue from sales and services decreased 2%, from R$90,698.0 million in 2018 to R$89,298.0 million in 2019. Ultrapar’s net revenue from sales and services generally includes revenues from fuel and gas sales by Ipiranga and Ultragaz, respectively, pharmaceutical products sales by Extrafarma, specialty chemicals sales by Oxiteno and liquid bulk storage services provided by Ultracargo, reduced by sales taxes such as ICMS, PIS and COFINS and by discounts and sales returns.

The following table shows the change in net revenue from sales and services for each of our segments:

| 2019 |  | 2018 |  | Percent change 2019—2018 |
| (R$ million) |  |  |
Ultragaz | 7,094.8 |  | 7,043.2 |  | 1% |
Ultracargo | 540.8 |  | 493.6 |  | 10% |
Oxiteno | 4,254.2 |  | 4,748.4 |  | -10% |
Ipiranga | 75,452.5 |  | 76,473.4 |  | -1% |
Extrafarma | 2,060.6 |  | 2,028.0 |  | 2% |

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Ultragaz’s net revenue from sales increased by 1%, from R$7,043.2 million in 2018 to R$7,094.8 million in 2019, mainly due to readjustments in bottled and bulk LPG costs in the refineries (see “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Distribution of Liquefied Petroleum Gas—Ultragaz—Supply of LPG”) and Ultragaz’s differentiation and innovation strategy supporting Ultragaz’s existing market position. Ultragaz’s sales volume decreased by 1%, mainly due to the temporary interruption of LPG supply at some refineries in the first half of the year and the market contraction in 2019. While volume declined 2% in the bottled LPG category, the bulk category posted an increase of 1%, principally as a result of stronger special gases (propellants) sales to the industrial sector.

Ultracargo’s net revenue from services increased by 10%, from R$493.6 million in 2018 to R$540.8 million in 2019, due to the (i) increase of average storage following the operational startup of the expanded capacity at the Santos terminal in September 2019 and the Itaqui terminal in October 2019; (ii) improvement in productivity at Ultracargo; and (iii) contractual readjustments for inflation. Average storage posted an increase of 3% in 2019, mainly due to increased handling activity in Santos and Itaqui, reflecting the operational startup of the expanded capacities and increased fuel handling driven by the raise in fuel imports in 2019.

Oxiteno’s net revenue from sales decreased by 10%, from R$4,748.4 million in 2018 to R$4,254.2 million in 2019, largely due to a 13% decline in the average price of our products in U.S. dollars, in line with the year-over-year decrease in the cost of raw materials, and lower sales volume. These factors were partially offset by an increase of 8% in the average Real/U.S. dollar exchange rate (from R$3.65 per US$1.00 in 2018 to R$3.95 per US$1.00 in 2019). Sales volume at Oxiteno decreased 5% in 2019, with lower sales both in specialty chemicals and commodities. Specialty chemicals sales volume decreased 4% with lower sales across various segments due to the modest performance of the economy in Oxiteno’s Latin American markets, in addition to a decrease in exports. Commodity sales volume was 7% lower in 2019 compared with 2018, as a result of above average commodity sales by Oxiteno in 2018.

Ipiranga’s net revenue from sales decreased by 1%, from R$76,473.4 million in 2018 to R$75,452.5 million in 2019, mainly due to lower sales volume (as described below) and movements in the average costs of diesel and gasoline. Ipiranga’s sales volume fell 1% in 2019, reflecting greater competition in the market, especially in the large customers segment, with a decline in diesel volumes of 4%, partially offset by an increase of 3% in sales volume of gasoline, ethanol and natural gas for light vehicles (Otto cycle). Ethanol sales volume recorded growth of 14%, while gasoline volumes decreased 3%.

Extrafarma’s net revenue from sales increased by 2%, from R$2,028.0 million in 2018 to R$2,060.6 million in 2019, mainly due to an increase both in the retail and wholesale segments and a greater number of mature stores (as at December 31, 2019, 45% of stores were classified as maturing stores with three years or less of operations). Moreover, in June 2018, Extrafarma replaced its retail IT system, temporarily affecting both retail and wholesale operations during the implementation and stabilization period, which effect was no longer present in 2019. This growth was partially offset by the competitive trading environment and the closing of underperforming stores. Extrafarma opened 29 new stores and closed 46 stores in 2019, resulting in a 4% reduction of the network, with a net decrease of 17 stores.

Cost of products and services sold. Ultrapar’s cost of products and services sold decreased by 2%, from R$84,537.4 million in 2018 to R$83,187.1 million in 2019. Ultrapar main costs of products and services sold are related to the purchase of goods for resale, including diesel, gasoline and ethanol for Ipiranga, LPG for Ultragaz and pharmaceutical products for Extrafarma, and raw material, substantially the ethylene for Oxiteno, and depreciation and amortization.

The following table shows the change in cost of products and services sold for each of our segments:

| 2019 |  | 2018 |  | Percent change 2019—2018 |
| (R$ million) |  |  |
Ultragaz | 6,105.0 |  | 6,153.0 |  | -1% |
Ultracargo | 261.0 |  | 245.1 |  | 7% |
Oxiteno | 3,537.6 |  | 3,757.7 |  | -6% |
Ipiranga | 71,962.7 |  | 73,053.2 |  | -1% |
Extrafarma | 1,462.3 |  | 1,421.1 |  | 3% |

Ultragaz’s cost of goods sold decreased by 1%, from R$6,153.0 million in 2018 to R$6,105.0 million in 2019, due to the reduction in sales volume and IFRS 16 impacts.

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Ultracargo’s cost of services sold increased by 7%, from R$245.1 million in 2018 to R$261.0 million in 2019, due to higher costs with payroll, materials, maintenance and services associated with the capacity expansion at the Santos and the Itaqui terminals, partially offset by the payment of higher property taxes in 2018 and IFRS 16 impacts.

Oxiteno’s cost of goods sold decreased by 6%, from R$3,757.7 million in 2018 to R$3,537.6 million in 2019, due to the decrease in the cost of raw materials, particularly ethylene and palm kern oil, combined with a reduction in sales volume and IFRS 16 impacts, partially offset by the 8% devaluation of the Real relative to the U.S. dollar.

Ipiranga’s cost of goods sold decreased by 1%, from R$73,053.2 million in 2018 to R$71,962.7 million in 2019, in line with the reduction in sales volume.

Extrafarma’s cost of goods sold increased by 3%, from R$1,421.1 million in 2018 to R$1,462.3 million in 2019, due mainly to greater sales volume and the annual adjustment in pharmaceutical prices as authorized by the Medicine Market Regulation Chamber (CMED) by 4.3%.

Gross profit. For the reasons described above, Ultrapar’s gross profit decreased by 1%, from R$6,160.6 million in 2018 to R$6,110.9 million in 2019, as a result of decreased gross profit in Oxiteno and Extrafarma. Oxiteno’s gross profit decreased by 28%, from R$990.7 million in 2018 to R$716.7 million in 2019. Extrafarma’s gross profit decreased by 1%, from R$606.9 million in 2018 to R$598.3 million in 2019. Ipiranga’s gross profit increased by 2%, from R$3,420.2 million in 2018 to R$3,489.7 million in 2019. Ultragaz’s gross profit increased by 11%, from R$890.2 million in 2018 to R$989.9 million in 2019. Ultracargo’s gross profit increased by 13%, from R$248.6 million in 2018 to R$279.7 million in 2019.

Selling, marketing, general and administrative expenses. Ultrapar’s selling, marketing, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses generally include personnel, freight, marketing and depreciation and amortization expenses. Ultrapar’s SG&A expenses increased by 2%, from R$4,296.7 million in 2018 to R$4,366.6 million in 2019.

The following table shows the changes in SG&A expenses for each of our segments:

| 2019 |  | 2018 ¹ |  | Percent change 2019—2018 |
| (R$ million) |  |  |
Ultragaz | 6 36.5 |  | 5 58.7 |  | 1 4% |
Ultracargo | 13 3.4 |  | 11 1.9 |  | 1 9% |
Oxiteno | 7 24.2 |  | 7 20.7 |  | 0% |
Ipiranga | 2,0 02.1 |  | 2,084.8 |  | -4% |
Extrafarma | 7 38.5 |  | 71 2.2 |  | 4% |

¹ In order to maintain comparability of information, we have revised retroactively the criteria for allocation of expenses between the businesses and the Holding. The new form of report for the Holding’s expenses aggregates areas which have been separated from the business segments for greater transparency with respect to expenses as well as better comparability among peer companies.

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Ultragaz’s SG&A expenses increased by 1 4%, from R$5 58.7 million in 2018 to R$6 36.5 million in 2019, due to higher provisions for losses on doubtful accounts in 2019 compared to a reversal in 2018, both of them related to the portfolio risk analysis, and higher freight expenses, partially offset by IFRS 16 impacts.

Ultracargo’s SG&A expenses increased by 1 9%, from R$11 1.9 million in 2018 to R$13 3.4 million in 2019, mainly due to higher expenses with the startup of the expanded operations of the Santos and the Itaqui terminals, and the non-recurring effect of a reimbursement in 2018 of a port management fee in the amount of R$7.7 million related to previous fiscal years that was incorrectly charged by the competent authorities.

Oxiteno’s SG&A expenses remained stable, from R$7 20.7 million in 2018 to R$7 24.2 million in 2019, due to (i) lower payroll expenses; (ii) lower international freight charges in line with the decline in volumes in the period; and (iii) IFRS 16 impacts, offset by the effect of the 8% devaluation of the Real relative to the U.S dollar on expenses with international operations.

Ipiranga’s SG&A expenses decreased by 4%, from R$2,084.8 million in 2018 to R$2,0 02.1 million in 2019, due mainly to (i) management initiatives to reduce costs and expenses, notably freight, provisioning for losses on doubtful accounts and marketing programs; (ii) lower expenses at Iconic; and (iii) IFRS 16 impacts.

Extrafarma’s SG&A expenses increased by 4%, from R$7 12.2 million in 2018 to R$7 38.5 million in 2019, reflecting higher levels of depreciation, as a result of investments made in recent years, and the cost of closing underperforming stores, partially offset by IFRS 16 impacts.

Income (expense) from disposal of assets. Ultrapar’s expense from disposal of assets increased from a net expense of R$22.1 million in 2018 to a net expense of R$30.0 million in 2019, as a result of a R$19 million write-off of investments due to the closing of Extrafarma’s stores and to a R$14 million asset write-off at Oxiteno Andina, partially offset by the write-down of IT assets at all businesses in 2018.

Impairment of assets. Impairment of assets varied from zero in 2018 to R$593.3 million in 2019, due to the impairment of goodwill in the acquisition of Extrafarma, with no cash effect, as a consequence of the worse than expected results compared to the original business plan.

Other operating income, net. Other operating income, net increased by 212% in 2019, from R$57.5 million in 2018 to R$179.6 million in 2019, mainly due to extraordinary tax credits both in Ipiranga and Extrafarma in 2019 and the payment of the break-up fee in 2018 due after CADE’s rejection of the proposed acquisition of Liquigás, which impact was not present in 2019. These factors were partially offset by the recognition of extraordinary tax credits in Oxiteno in 2018, which factor was not present in 2019, and the recognition of a R$65.5 million provision for the payment of the Conduct Adjustment Agreement (“TAC”), signed with the Public Prosecutor’s Office in 2019, relating to the implementation of actions to offset the impacts caused to the Santos estuary following the fire at the Ultracargo terminal in 2015. See “Item 4.A. Information on the Company—History and Development of the Company—Ultracargo —Fire at storage facilities in Santos”.

Operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit of joint-ventures and associates ¹. For the reasons described above, Ultrapar’s operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit of joint-ventures and associates decreased by 32%, from R$1,899.4 million in 2018 to R$1,300.6 million in 2019, as a result of the decreased operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit of joint-ventures and associates in Oxiteno, Ultracargo and Extrafarma. Ultragaz’s operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit of associates increased by 602%, from R$52.6 million in 2018 to R$369.0 million in 2019. Ultracargo’s operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit of joint-ventures and associates decreased by 36%, from R$129.5 million in 2018 to R$83.2 million in 2019. Oxiteno’s operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit of associates decreased by 103%, from R$471.9 million in 2018 to an operating loss of R$12.8 million in 2019. Ipiranga’s operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit of joint-ventures and associates increased by 15%, from R$1,461.5 million in 2018 to R$1,674.4 million in 2019. Extrafarma’s operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit of joint-ventures and associates decreased by 533%, from an operating loss of R$113.8 million in 2018 to an operating loss of R$720.3 million in 2019.

¹ In order to maintain comparability of information, we have revised retroactively the criteria for allocation of expenses between the businesses and the Holding for 2018. The new form of report for the Holding’s expenses aggregates areas which have been separated from the business segments for greater transparency with respect to expenses as well as better comparability among peer companies.

Net financial expenses. Net financial expenses include mainly income and expenses from interest on financial investments and financing and exchange rate variation. Ultrapar’s net financial expenses increased by 346%, from R$113.5 million in 2018 to R$506.9 million in 2019, due to (i) the financial income from the constitution of tax credits at Oxiteno with the exclusion of the ICMS sales tax from the PIS and COFINS taxes calculation base in 2018, which offsetting factor was not present in 2019; (ii) the effects of foreign exchange variation; and (iii) the adoption of IFRS 16, which became effective for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019 and resulted in a R$126.7 million increase in interest expense with lease.

Income and social contribution taxes. Ultrapar’s income and social contribution taxes, net of benefits from income tax exemptions, decreased by 41%, from R$638.7 million in 2018 to R$378.6 million in 2019.

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Net income for the year. Ultrapar’s net income for 2019 reached R$402.9 million, 64% lower compared to R$1,132.3 million in 2018, mainly due to the decline in operating income before financial income (expenses) and share of profit of joint-ventures and associates between the periods and higher net financial expenses.

Adjusted EBITDA. Ultrapar’s Adjusted EBITDA decreased 9%, from R$3,068.9 million in 2018 to R$2,800.3 million in 2019, as a result of lower EBITDA in Oxiteno, Ultracargo and Extrafarma.

The purpose of including EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA information is to provide a measure used by management for internal assessment of our operating results, and because part of our employee profit sharing plan is linked directly or indirectly to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA performance. It is also a financial indicator widely used by investors and analysts to measure our ability to generate cash from operations and our operating performance. We also calculate EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA in connection with covenants related to some of our financing, as described in note 16 to our consolidated financial statements. We believe EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA allow a better understanding not only of our financial performance but also of our capacity of meeting the payment of interest and principal from our debt and of obtaining resources for our investments and working capital. Our definition of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA may differ from, and, therefore, may not be comparable with similarly titled measures used by other companies, thereby limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure. Because EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA exclude net financial expense (income), income and social contribution taxes, depreciation and amortization (and, in the case of Adjusted EBITDA, also excludes cash flow hedge from bonds and amortization of contractual assets with customers—exclusive rights), they provide an indicator of general economic performance that is not affected by debt restructurings, fluctuations in interest rates or changes in income and social contribution taxes, depreciation and amortization. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not measures of financial performance under IFRS and should not be considered in isolation, or as substitutes for net income, as measures of operating performance, as substitutes for cash flows from operations or as measures of liquidity. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA have material limitations that impair their value as a measure of a company’s overall profitability since they do not address certain ongoing costs of our businesses that could significantly affect profitability such as financial expense (income), income and social contribution taxes, depreciation and amortization, (and in the case of Adjusted EBITDA, also excludes cash flow hedge from bonds and amortization of contractual assets with customers—exclusive rights).

The reconciliation of the EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA starting from the net income is presented below:

R$ million | 2019 |  | 2018 |
Net income for the year | 402.9 |  | 1,132.3 |
(+) Income and social contribution taxes | 378.6 |  | 638.7 |
(+) Net financial expenses | 506.9 |  | 113.5 |
(+) Depreciation and amortization | 844.6 |  | 812.5 |
(+) Amortization of right-of-use assets | 300.1 |  | — |
EBITDA(1) | 2,433.1 |  | 2,697.1 |
Adjustments |  |  |  |
(+) Cash flow hedge from bonds (Oxiteno) | 11.9 |  | — |
(+) Amortization of contractual assets with customers – exclusive rights (Ipiranga and Ultragaz)(2) | 355.2 |  | 371.8 |
Adjusted EBITDA(1) | 2,800.3 |  | 3,0 68.9 |

(1) See footnote 5 under “Item 3.A. Key Information—Selected Consolidated Financial Data” for a more complete discussion of EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and its reconciliation to information in our financial statements.

(2) See footnote 4 under “Item 3.A. Key Information—Selected Consolidated Financial Data”.

The following table shows the changes in Adjusted EBITDA for Ipiranga, Oxiteno and Ultragaz and EBITDA for Ultracargo and Extrafarma:

| 2019 |  | 2018 ¹ |  | Percent change 2019—2018 |
| (R$ million) |  |  |
Ultragaz | 5 86.7 |  | 2 75.1 |  | 1 13% |
Ultracargo | 16 4.8 |  | 1 83.3 |  | -10% |
Oxiteno | 2 21.6 |  | 6 40.2 |  | -6 5% |
Ipiranga | 2,4 86.6 |  | 2,117.3 |  | 1 7% |
Extrafarma | (5 65.9) |  | (4 2.2) |  | na |

¹ In order to maintain comparability of information, we have revised retroactively the criteria for allocation of expenses between the businesses and the Holding. The new form of report for the Holding’s expenses aggregates areas which have been separated from the business segments for greater transparency with respect to expenses as well as better comparability among peer companies.

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Ultragaz’s Adjusted EBITDA totaled R$5 86.7 million in 2019, 1 13% higher than 2018, due to (i) payment of the break-up fee of R$286.2 million which was paid to Petrobras on March 13, 2018 as a result of CADE’s decision to block the acquisition of Liquigás, with no corresponding expense in 2019; (ii) higher margins; and (iii) IFRS 16 impacts, partially offset by lower sales volume and an increase in expenses.

Ultracargo’s EBITDA totaled R$16 4.8 million in 2019, a decrease of 10% compared to 2018, due mainly to the provision for the payment of the TAC in 2019 in the amount of R$65.5 million (see “Item 4.A. Information on the Company—History and Development of the Company—Ultracargo —Fire at storage facilities in Santos”) and higher non-recurring expenses with the startup of the expanded operations of the Santos and the Itaqui terminals. These factors were partially offset by an increase in handling activity and IFRS 16 impacts.

Oxiteno reported an Adjusted EBITDA of R$2 21.6 million in 2019, a decrease of 6 5% compared to 2018, largely explained by the constitution of extraordinary tax credits in 2018, lower sales volume and a decline in the average price of our products in U.S. These factors were partially offset by the effect of the 8% devaluation of the Real relative to the U.S dollar on expenses with international operations, and IFRS 16 impacts.

Ipiranga reported an Adjusted EBITDA of R$2,4 86.6 million in 2019, a 1 7% increase compared to 2018, due mainly to (i) the reduction in expenses mentioned above; (ii) extraordinary tax credits; and (iii) IFRS 16 impacts, partially offset by lower sales volume.

Extrafarma reported an EBITDA of R$5 65.9 million negative in 2019 compared with R$4 2.2 million negative in 2018, mainly because of the impairment of goodwill in its acquisition (see n otes 2.u and 1 5.a to our consolidated financial statements), the closure of underperforming stores and the competitive environment. These factors were partially offset by (i) the effects related to the stabilization of the new retailing system in 2018; (ii) extraordinary tax credits in 2019; and (iii) IFRS 16 impacts.

For a reconciliation of our Adjusted EBITDA, the Adjusted EBITDA of Ipiranga, Oxiteno and Ultragaz and the EBITDA of Ultracargo and Extrafarma to information in our financial statements, see footnote 5 under “Item 3.A. Key Information—Selected Consolidated Financial Data”.

B. Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our principal sources of liquidity derive from (i) cash, cash equivalents and financial investments, (ii) cash generated from operations and (iii) financings. We believe that these sources are sufficient to satisfy our current funding requirements for a period of 12 months, which include, but are not limited to, working capital, capital expenditures, amortization of debt and payment of dividends.

Periodically, we assess the opportunities for acquisitions and investments. We consider different types of investments, either directly or through joint-ventures, or associated companies, and we finance such investments using cash generated from our operations, debt financing, through capital increases or through a combination of these methods.

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Sources and uses of funds. Net cash provided by operating activities was R$3,138.1 million, R$2,924.9 million, and $2,889.0 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. In 2020, net cash provided by operating activities was R$21 3.3 million higher than that of 2019 (7.3% increase). In 2019, net cash provided by operating activities was R$35.9 million higher than that of 2018 (1.2% increase) despite the 64% reduction observed in net income. In 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company invested R$356.0 million, R$330.1 million and R$390.2 million, respectively, in contractual assets with customers—exclusive rights.

In 2020, net cash used in investing activities was R$2,136.4 million, of which R$1,116.8 million in financial investments net of redemptions and R$990.8 million in additions to property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, net of disposals, an increase of R$301.1 million compared to 2019. In 2019, net cash used in investing activities was R$1,835.3 million, of which R$555.4 million in financial investments net of redemptions and R$1,132.8 million in additions to property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, net of disposals, a decrease of R$1,342.3 million compared to 2018. Net cash used in investing activities was R$3,177.6 million in 2018, of which R$1,669.9 million in financial investments net of redemptions and R$1,377.3 million in additions to property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, net of disposals.

Net cash from financing activities totaled a cash usage of R$59 2.3 million, R$2,922.2 million and R$801.0 million for 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. In 2020, cash flow used in financing activities decreased R$2,3 29.9 million compared to 2019, mainly due to a n in crease in proceeds from new financings and lower interest payment. In 2019, cash flow used in financing activities increased R$2,121.2 million compared to 2018, mainly due to a decrease in proceeds from new financings and higher interest paid in loans and debentures. In 2018, cash flow from financing activities increased R$1,141.4 million compared to 2017, mainly due to higher amortization of debt.

Accordingly, cash and cash equivalents totaled R$2,661.5 million, R$2,115.4 million and R$3,939.0 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

We believe we have sufficient liquidity to meet our current needs for a period of 12 months. We had R$7,694.8 million in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments as of December 31, 2020. The gross indebtedness due from January 1 to December 31, 2021 totaled R$3,620.6 million, including estimated interest payments on loans, as of December 31, 2020. See “Item 5.F.–Operating and Financial Review and Prospects–Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations”.

We anticipate that we will spend approximately R$1 5.2 billion in the next five years to meet long-term contractual obligations described in the Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations and for the original 202 1 budgeted capital expenditures. We expect to meet these cash requirements through a combination of cash generated from operating activities and cash generated by financing activities, including new debt financing and the refinancing of some of our indebtedness as it becomes due.

The Company and its subsidiaries use exchange rate hedging instruments (especially between the Real and the U.S. dollar) available in the financial market to protect its assets, liabilities, receipts and disbursements in foreign currency and net investments in foreign operations. Hedging instruments are used to reduce the effects of variations in exchange rates on the Company’s income and cash flows in Reais within the exposure limits under its Policy. Such foreign exchange hedging instruments have amounts, periods, and rates substantially equivalent to those of assets, liabilities, receipts, and disbursements in foreign currencies to which they are related. For additional information regarding our funding and treasury policies, see “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk”.

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Indebtedness

As of December 31, 2020, our consolidated short and long-term debt was as follows:

Indebtedness | Currency |  | Interest rate(1) |  | Principal amount of outstanding and accrued interest through December 31, |
|  |  |  |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |
|  |  |  |  | (in millions of Reais) |
Foreign currency – denominated loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Notes in the foreign market | US$ |  | 5.3% |  | 7,267.7 |  | 4,213.7 |
Foreign loan | US$ |  | 3.9% |  | 1,047.6 |  | 1,057.4 |
Financial institutions | US$ |  | LIBOR(2) + 1.4% |  | 312.2 |  | 604.7 |
Foreign loan | US$ |  | LIBOR(2) + 1.0% |  | 261.3 |  | 608.7 |
Financial institutions | US$ |  | 2.5% |  | 154.8 |  | 132.4 |
Advances on foreign exchange contracts | US$ |  | 3.7% |  | 105.6 |  | — |
Financial institutions | MX$(3) |  | 8.4% |  | 39.4 |  | 41.2 |
Foreign loan | US$ |  |  |  | — |  | 243.8 |
BNDES | US$ |  |  |  | — |  | 0.2 |
Reais – denominated loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debentures – CRA – 5th, 7th and 8th issuances IPP | R$ |  | 95.8% of DI |  | 2,037.6 |  | 2,036.6 |
Debentures – 6th issuance | R$ |  | 105.3% of DI |  | 1,734.1 |  | 1,752.1 |
Debentures – 4th and 6th public issuances IPP | R$ |  | 105.0% of DI |  | 1,679.0 |  | 1,868.6 |
Promissory Notes – 2nd issuance | R$ |  | DI + 3.1% |  | 1,038.5 |  | — |
Debentures – CRA – 5th, 7th and 8th issuances IPP | R$ |  | IPCA(4) + 4.6% |  | 1,000.8 |  | 941.6 |
Banco do Brasil – floating rate | R$ |  | 110.9% of DI |  | 407.4 |  | 611.3 |
Debentures – 1st public issuances Tequimar | R$ |  | 6,5% |  | 92.5 |  | 89.3 |
Bank Credit Bill | R$ |  | DI + 3.5% |  | 50.7 |  | — |
FINEP – Research and Projects Financing | R$ |  | TJLP(5) + 1.6% |  | 29.8 |  | 41.3 |
BNDES | R$ |  | TJLP |  | — |  | 62.6 |
BNDES | R$ |  | SELIC(6) |  | — |  | 30.4 |
FINEP—Research and Projects Financing | R$ |  |  |  | — |  | 12.8 |
Banco do Nordeste do Brasil(7) | R$ |  |  |  | — |  | 10.0 |
BNDES | R$ |  |  |  | — |  | 3.9 |
FINAME – Financing for Machines and Equipment | R$ |  | TJLP |  | — |  | 0.0 |
Total loans |  |  |  |  | 17,259.1 |  | 14,362.7 |
Unrealized losses on swaps transactions |  |  |  |  | 117.2 |  | 30.0 |
Total |  |  |  |  | 17,376.2 |  | 14,392.7 |

(1) Interest rate as of December 31, 20 20.

(2) LIBOR = London Interbank Offered Rate.

(3) MX$ = Mexican peso and TIIE = the Mexican interbank balance interest rate.

(4) IPCA = Brazilian National Wide Consumer Price Index.

(5) TJLP (Long-Term Interest Rate) = set by the National Monetary Council, TJLP is the basic financing cost of BNDES for agreements entered into before 2020. On December 31, 2020, TJLP was fixed at 4.55% p.a.

(6) SELIC = Brazilian base interest rate.

(7) Contract linked to the FNE (Northeast Constitutional Financing Fund) rate, as managed by Banco do Nordeste do Brasil, the purpose of which is to promote the development of the industrial sector. On December 31, 2020, the FNE interest rate was 10% p.a. FNE grants a 15% interest rate discount for timely payments.

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Our consolidated debt as of December 31, 2020 had the following maturity schedule:

Maturity | Amount |
| (in millions of Reais) |
January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021 | 3,25 5.9 |
January 1, 2022 to December 31, 202 2 | 2,702.6 |
January 1, 202 3 to December 31, 202 3 | 3,091.6 |
January 1, 202 4 to December 31, 202 4 | 784.8 |
January 1, 202 5 to December 31, 202 5 | 2 3 1.3 |
2025 thereafter | 7,310.0 |
Total | 17,376.2 |

As provided in IAS 39, the transaction costs and issuance premiums associated with our fundraising are included as part of our financial liabilities. See n ote 16.h to our consolidated financial statements for more information.

Ultrapar contracted hedging instruments against foreign currency exchange and interest rate variations for a portion of its indebtedness. See “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” and n ote 3 3 to our consolidated financial statements for more information.

The financings are secured by collateral in the amount of R$75.3 million as of December 31, 2020 (R$73.5 million as of December 31, 2019) and guaranteed by corporate guarantees and promissory notes in the amount of R$13,758.0 million as of December 31, 2020 (R$11,833.3 million as of December 31, 2019). As of December 31, 2020, and 2019, the Company did not have guarantees related to raw materials imported by the subsidiary IPP.

Some subsidiaries issued collateral to financial institutions in connection with the amounts owed by some of their customers to such institutions (vendor financing). If a subsidiary is required to make any payment under this collateral, this subsidiary may recover the amount paid directly from its customers through commercial collection. The maximum amount of future payments related to this collateral is R$330.9 million as of December 31, 2020 with maturities of less than 46 months. As of December 31, 2020, Ultrapar did not have losses in connection with this collateral. The fair value of collaterals recognized in current liabilities as other payables was R$5.5 million as of December 31, 2020, which is recognized as profit or loss as customers settle their obligations with the financial institutions.

Notes in the foreign market

In October 2016, the subsidiary Ultrapar International issued notes (the “2026 notes”) in the international markets in the principal amount of US$750 million, with maturity in October 2026 and interest rate of 5.25% p.a., paid semiannually. The issue price was 98.097% of the face value of the 2026 notes. The 2026 notes are guaranteed by Ultrapar and IPP. In June 2019, the subsidiary Ultrapar International repurchased US$200.0 million in principal amount of the 2026 notes.

In June 2019, the subsidiary Ultrapar International issued notes (the “2029 notes”) in the international market in the amount of US$500 million, with maturity in June 2029 and interest rate of 5.25% p.a., paid semiannually. The issue price was 100.0% of the face value of the 2029 notes. The 2029 notes are guaranteed by Ultrapar and IPP. In July 2020, Ultrapar reopened its 2029 notes issued in the international market and issued additional notes in the total amount of US$ 350.0 million at a n interest rate of 5.25% per year with the same characteristics of the 2029 notes.

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As a result of the issuance of the 2026 notes and the 2029 notes, the Company and its subsidiaries are required to comply with certain obligations, including:

- restrictions on the Company, Ultrapar International and IPP entering into a merger, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries; and
- restrictions on encumbrance of assets exceeding the greater of US$150 million and 15% of the Company’s consolidated net tangible assets, subject to certain exceptions.

The Company and its subsidiaries are in compliance with the levels of covenants required by the terms of these notes. The restrictions imposed on the Company and its subsidiaries are customary in transactions of this kind and have not limited their ability to conduct their business to date.

Foreign loans

1) The subsidiary IPP has foreign loans in the total amount of US$235 million. IPP also contracted hedging instruments for floating interest rate in U.S. dollar and exchange rate variation, changing the foreign loans charge to an average cost of 104.1% of DI (see n ote 3 3 to our consolidated financial statements). IPP designated these hedging instruments as a fair value hedge; therefore, loans and hedging instruments are both measured at fair value from inception, with changes in fair value recognized through profit or loss. The foreign loans are guaranteed by Ultrapar.

The maturity of the principal amount of these loans are as follows:

| Amount |  | Cost |
Maturity | in million s of dollars |  | % of DI |
Charges(1) | 16.9 |  | — |
July, 2021 | 60.0 |  | 101.8 |
June, 2022 | 50.0 |  | 105.0 |
September, 2023 | 60.0 |  | 105.0 |
September, 2023 | 65.0 |  | 104.8 |
Total / average cost | 251.9 |  | 104.1 |

(1) Includes interest, transaction costs, fair value adjustments and hedge initial recognition.

In 2020, the subsidiary IPP paid off in advance US$160 million of those foreign loans. Currently IPP is not subject to any financial covenants under such foreign loans.

2) The subsidiary Global Petroleum Products Trading Corporation obtained a foreign loan in the amount of US$60 million with maturity on June 22, 2020 and interest of LIBOR + 2.0% p.a., paid quarterly. The Company, through the subsidiary Cia. Ultragaz, contracted, interest rate hedging instruments subject to floating interest rates in U.S. dollar and exchange rate variation, which resulted in this loan having an effective fixed rate of 105.9% of DI. This loan is guaranteed by the Company and its subsidiary Oxiteno S.A. This loan was paid off in the maturity.

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Debentures

In November 2019, the subsidiary Tequimar completed its first issuance of public debentures, in a single series of 90,000 simple, nonconvertible into shares and unsecured debentures, which main characteristics are as follows:

Principal Amount: | R$90,000,000.00
Unit Par Value: | R$1,000.00
Maturity date: | November 19, 2024
Repayment method: | Lump sum at final maturity
Interest: | 6.47%
Payment of interest: | Semiannually

The subsidiary Tequimar contracted hedging instruments subjected to interest rate variation, changing the debentures fixed rate charges to 99.94% of DI. Tequimar designated these hedging instruments as fair value hedges; therefore, debentures and hedging instruments are both measured at fair value from inception, with changes in fair value recognized through profit or loss.

In December 2018, the subsidiary IPP completed its eighth issuance of unsecured, simple, nonconvertible, nominative, book-entry debentures in the amount of R$900 million, in two series of R$660 million and R$240 million. The debentures were subscribed by Vert Companhia Securitizadora with the purpose of backing the issuance of Certificates of Agribusiness Receivables (CRA). The proceeds from this issuance were used exclusively for the purchase of ethanol by subsidiary IPP.

The financial settlement occurred on December 21, 2018. The debentures have an additional guarantee from Ultrapar and the main characteristics of the debentures are as follows:

Principal Amount: | R$660,000,000.00
Unit Par Value: | R$1,000.00
Maturity date: | December 18, 2023
Repayment method: | Lump sum at final maturity
Interest: | 97.5% of DI
Payment of interest: | Semiannually

Principal Amount: | R$240,000,000.00
Unit Par Value: | R$1,000.00
Maturity date: | December 15, 2025
Repayment method: | Lump sum at final maturity
Interest: | IPCA + 4.61%
Payment of interest: | Annually

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The subsidiary IPP contracted hedging instruments subjected to IPCA variation, changing the debentures charges linked to IPCA to 97.1% of DI. IPP designated these hedging instruments as fair value hedges; therefore, debentures and hedging instruments are both measured at fair value from inception, with changes in fair value recognized through profit or loss.

In March 2018, Ultrapar completed its sixth issuance of unsecured simple, nonconvertible, nominative, book-entry debentures, in a single series of 1,725,000 simple, and their main characteristics are as follows:

Principal Amount: | R$1,725,000,000.00
Unit Par Value: | R$1,000.00
Maturity date: | March 5, 2023
Repayment method: | Lump sum at final maturity
Interest: | 105.25% of DI
Payment of interest: | Semiannually

In October 2017, the subsidiary IPP completed its seventh issuance of simple, nonconvertible, unsecured, book-entry debentures in the amount of R$944.1 million, in two series of R$730.4 million and R$213.7 million. These debentures were subscribed by Vert Companhia Securitizadora with the purpose of backing the issuance of Certificates of Agribusiness Receivables (CRA). The proceeds from this issuance were used exclusively for the purchase of ethanol by subsidiary IPP.

The financial settlement occurred on November 1, 2017. The debentures have an additional guarantee from Ultrapar and the main characteristics of the debentures are as follows:

Principal Amount: | R$730,384,000.00
Unit Par Value: | R$1,000.00
Maturity date: | October 24, 2022
Repayment method: | Lump sum at final maturity
Interest: | 95.0% of DI
Payment of interest: | Semiannually

Principal Amount: | R$213,693,000.00
Unit Par Value: | R$1,000.00
Maturity date: | October 24, 2024
Repayment method: | Lump sum at final maturity
Interest: | IPCA + 4.34%
Payment of interest: | Annually

The subsidiary IPP contracted interest rate hedging instruments, with the effect of changing the interest rate applicable to the debentures from IPCA + 4.34% to 97.3% of DI. IPP designated these hedging instruments as fair value hedges; therefore, debentures and hedging instruments are both measured at fair value from inception, with changes in fair value recognized through profit or loss.

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In July 2017, the subsidiary IPP completed its sixth issuance of public debentures, in one single series of 1,500,000 simple, nonconvertible into shares and unsecured debentures, which main characteristics are as follows:

Principal Amount: | R$1,500,000,000.00
Unit Par Value: | R$1,000.00
Maturity date: | July 28, 2022
Repayment method: | Amortizing annually, beginning in July 2021
Interest: | 105.0% of DI
Payment of interest: | Annually

In April 2017, the subsidiary IPP carried out its fifth issuance of debentures, in two series of 660,139 and 352,361, simple, nonconvertible into shares, nominative, book-entry and unsecured debentures. The proceeds from this issuance were used exclusively for the purchase of ethanol by subsidiary IPP.

The debentures have an additional guarantee from Ultrapar and the main characteristics of the debentures are as follows:

Principal Amount: | R$660,139,000.00
Unit Par Value: | R$1,000.00
Maturity date: | April 18, 2022
Repayment method: | Lump sum at final maturity
Interest: | 95.0% of DI
Payment of interest: | Semiannually

Principal Amount: | R$352,361,000.00
Unit Par Value: | R$1,000.00
Maturity date: | April 15, 2024
Repayment method: | Lump sum at final maturity
Interest: | IPCA + 4.68%
Payment of interest: | Annually

The subsidiary IPP entered into interest rate hedging instruments, with the effect of changing the interest rate applicable to the debentures from IPCA + 4.68% to 93.9% of DI. IPP designated these hedging instruments as fair value hedges; therefore, debentures and hedging instruments are both measured at fair value from inception, with changes in fair value recognized through profit or loss.

In May 2016, the subsidiary IPP completed its fourth issuance of public debentures, in a single series of 500 simple, nonconvertible into shares, nominative, book-entry and unsecured debentures, with an additional guarantee granted by Ultrapar, and its main characteristics are as follows:

Principal Amount: | R$500,000,000.00
Unit Par Value: | R$1,000,000.00
Maturity date: | May 25, 2021
Repayment method: | Amortizing annually, beginning in May 2019
Interest: | 105.0% of DI
Payment of interest: | Semiannually

The proceeds of this issuance were used exclusively in the purchase of ethanol by the subsidiary IPP. The subsidiary has the obligation to prove the allocation of the resources within 12 months from subscription.

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BNDES

The subsidiaries had financing s from BNDES for some of their investments and for working capital.

The subsidiaries paid off in advance the total outstanding amount of such loans in 2020.

Financial institutions

The subsidiaries Oxiteno Mexico, Oxiteno USA and Oxiteno Uruguay have loans to finance investments and working capital.

The subsidiary Oxiteno USA ha s a loan agreement in the amount of US$60 million, due in September 2021, bearing interest of LIBOR + 1.4% per annum.

In 2020, the subsidiary Oxiteno USA paid off in advance US$70 million of the loans. As of September 2020, the subsidiary no longer has loan agreements with financial covenants.

Banco do Brasil

As of December 31, 2020, the subsidiary IPP was party to six floating interest rate loan agreements with Banco do Brasil S.A., with a total aggregate outstanding balance of R$407.4 million, to finance the marketing, processing or manufacturing of agricultural goods, including the production of ethanol.

In 2016, IPP renegotiated loans with Banco do Brasil in the total aggregate principal amount R$166.7 million and extended their respective maturity dates from February 2016 to February 2019, with a floating interest rate of 114.0% of DI. In addition, in June 2016, IPP renegotiated additional loans with Banco do Brasil in the total aggregate principal amount of R$100.0 million and R$909.5 million with a floating interest rate of 110.9% of DI, and furthermore (i) extended the respective maturity dates from May 2016 and January 2017 to May 2020, May 2021 and May 2022, respectively.

In December 2019, the subsidiary IPP paid off in advance the amount of R$400 million of such loans.

The chart below indicates the consolidated amounts due by IPP to Banco do Brasil on the maturity dates of the subcredits agreed in the loan agreements (include interest until December 31, 2020):

Maturity | Balance in 2020 |
| (in millions of Reais) |
May, 2021 | 204.3 |
May, 2022 | 203.1 |
| 407.4 |

Funding Obtained in March 2020

In view of the uncertainty generated by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, in March and April 2020, Ultrapar and its subsidiar y Ipiranga obtained R$1.48 billion of additional funding with one year maturity, comprising R$1.3 billion of promissory notes issued in the Brazilian capital markets and a bank credit note of R$18 0 million, all of which has been fully funded. The purpose of these funding transactions was to reinforce our liquidity and cash position.

The promissory notes mature in April 2021 and the principal is repaid in a lump sum at maturity. Interest is payable on the promissory notes at a rate of DI plus 3.10%, which is payable at maturity.

In November 2020, the subsidiary Ipiranga paid off in advance R$180 million of the bank credit note and R$300 million of the promissory notes.

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Investments

Equity investments

Equity investments consist of acquisition of subsidiaries and capital increases, net of capital reductions in subsidiaries, joint-ventures and associates. The table below shows our equity investments for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018:

| Year ended December 31, |
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |
| (in million s of Reais) |
Ultragaz | — |  | — |  | — |
Ultracargo(2) | — |  | — |  | 103.4 |
Oxiteno | — |  | 0.0 |  | — |
Ipiranga(1) | 28.8 |  | 79.1 |  | 31.9 |
Extrafarma | — |  | — |  | — |
abastece aí | — |  | — |  | — |
Others | — |  | — |  | (1.2 | )
Total equity investments(3) | 28.8 |  | 79.1 |  | 134.0 |

(1) Capital invested in ConectCar and in the concessions awarded in 2019.

(2) Acquisition of 100% of quotas of TEAS.

(3) Equity investments consist of acquisition of subsidiaries and capital increases, net of capital reductions in joint-ventures and associates.

Investments

The following table shows our total additions to property, plant, equipment, and intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018:

| Year ended December 31, |
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |
| (in million s of Reais) |
Ultragaz | 277.6 |  | 227.5 |  | 225.0 |
Ultracargo | 214.8 |  | 206.4 |  | 161.8 |
Oxiteno | 201.6 |  | 248.6 |  | 466.6 |
Ipiranga | 210.1 |  | 341.1 |  | 387.6 |
Extrafarma | 38.8 |  | 89.1 |  | 118.0 |
abastece aí | 15.4 |  | — |  | — |
Others(1) | 3 2.4 |  | 20.2 |  | 18.3 |
Total – additions to property, plant, equipment and intangible assets | 990.8 |  | 1,132.8 |  | 1,377.3 |

(1) Includes mainly capital expenditures related to corporate information technology.

Prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, Ultrapar’s investment plan for 2020 totaled R$1,771 million and was indicative of the Company’s commitment to the sustainable growth of its businesses and selectivity in capital allocation. In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, on April 1, 2020, Ultrapar announced that its investment plan for 2020 would be reduced by approximately 30% in order to preserve cash.

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In 2020, Ultrapar’s allocation of resources net of divestments and receipts were R$1,488 million.

- Ultragaz had R$282 million allocated mainly to the acquisition and replacement of gas bottles, installations at new clients in the bulk segment, construction of new filling bases and maintenance work at existing operations.
- Ultracargo had R$215 million allocated to the construction of the new Vila do Conde terminal, to expansion at the Itaqui port terminal, acquisition of new areas and maintenance and operational safety at existing terminals.
- Oxiteno had R$202 million allocated mainly to the maintenance and the safety of the productive units.
- Ipiranga had R$688 million allocated mainly to the expanding and maintenance of the service station network and franchises as well as logistical infrastructure. Of total investments, R$204 million was expended in plant, property and equipment and additions to intangible assets, R$351 million on contractual assets (exclusive rights) and R$132 million in the form of drawdowns of financing to clients and advanced payments of rentals net of receipts.
- Extrafarma had R$39 million allocated mainly to the construction of the Maranhão distribution center, IT and in the maintenance and modernization of drugstores.
- abastece aí had R$30 million allocated mainly to the develop ment of the app with new products and functions enhancing the experiences to the customers.

Ultrapar’s investment plan for 2021 totals R$1,891 million, an amount greater than that invested in 2019 and 2020. The expansion portion, which represents around half of the investment plan, prioritizes the growth of the businesses through capacity expansion or efficiency and productivity gains, leading to better returns, in line with the Company's strategic planning. The main investments in expansion contemplated in the plan for 2021 are concentrated in Ipiranga, Ultracargo and Ultragaz.

- Ipiranga’s expansion investments focus on (i) the expansion of the logistics infrastructure, with the construction of logistics facilities in Belém (PA), Cabedelo (PB), Vitória (ES) (concessions won in 2019) and Fortaleza (CE), (ii) the growth of the service stations network, through the addition of service stations with larger throughput, prioritizing volume growth, and (iii) the expansion of AmPm company-operated stores and new franchises.
- Ultracargo’s expansion investments will be directed to the construction of the terminal in Vila do Conde (PA) and to the expansion of the Itaqui (MA) terminal, amounting to R$280 million, which will result in a 19% growth in the company’s current storage capacity.
- Ultragaz will invest in expansion to build new bottling plants in Belém (PA) and Fortaleza (CE), amounting to about R$70 million in 2021, and to attract new clients mainly in the bulk segment.
- Oxiteno and Extrafarma will focus their expansion investments in logistics optimization to increase productivity and in the growth of its digital platforms, respectively.
- About half of the investment plan for 2021 will be directed to the sustaining of the businesses, including mainly investments in safety, maintenance of assets and market share, renovation and remodeling of points of sales, as well as investments in information technology.

C. Research and Development, Trademarks and Patents

Research and Development

Oxiteno carries on a wide range of research and development activities, principally related to the application of specialty chemicals and improvements in production processes. As of December 31, 2020, 156 employees of Oxiteno were engaged in research and development and engineering activities. Oxiteno’s research and development expenditures in 2020, 2019 and 2018 were R$60 million, R$60 million and R$57 million, respectively.

Oxiteno’s investments in research and development have resulted in the introduction of 128 new products during the last three years. Oxiteno will continue to invest in research and development focused on developing new product applications to meet clients’ needs.

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Trademarks and Patents

Ipiranga owns registrations for the trademarks used in its distribution business, such as Ipiranga, Jet Oil, Clube VIP Ipiranga, Clube do Milhão Ipiranga, Posto 24 horas, Atlantic, Gasolina Original Ipiranga (Original Ipiranga Gasoline), “AmPm Estação”, among several others. The 10-year period of validity of the registrations for these trademarks will expire between 2020 and 2030. Ipiranga acquired the AmPm brand in Brazil in 2012 through an agreement signed with Atlantic Richfield Company.

The other Company’s subsidiaries also own registrations and applications for its main trademarks, such as (i) Ultragaz, Ultragaz Ultrasystem and Brasilgás trademarks for the activities of Ultragaz, (ii) Extrafarma and Clube Extrafarma trademarks for the activities of Extrafarma, (iii) Ultracargo and Ultradata for the activities of Ultracargo, (iv) Oxiteno and (v) Quilômetros de Vantagens Ipiranga (“Km de Vantagens”) and “abastece aí” for the activities of abastece aí. The 10-year period of validity of the registrations for these trademarks will expire between 2020 and 2030.

D. Trend Information

LPG business

In June 2017, departing from prior practices, the price dynamic for LPG supplied by the distributors was modified to reflect international price volatility and exchange rate variation.

For residential use, the price dynamic for LPG acquisition was adjusted at the refineries in January 2018 to soften the transfer of price volatility in the international market to the domestic price. The period for verification of international prices and currency rates which dictate the percentages of price adjustment was the average of the preceding twelve months and no longer the monthly variation and price movement became quarterly and not monthly.

In August 2019, the pricing policy for residential use was terminated. There is now no formal policy for LPG prices for commercial, industrial and residential usage. See “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Distribution of Liquefied Petroleum Gas— Industry and Regulatory Overview—The r ole of the Brazilian government”.

Until November 2019, Petrobras had different prices for LPG for residential use and for commercial and industrial uses. In November 2019, Petrobras started charging the same price for all LPG segments, ending price differentiation.

Any sharp fluctuation in LPG prices charged to LPG distributors c an have an impact on Ultragaz’s results if it is unable to maintain its operational margins or sales volume. LPG bulk sales are correlated to economic growth. Thus, an acceleration or deceleration in Brazilian GDP growth can affect our sales volume, since the segment represented approximately 30% of the volume sold by Ultragaz. Bottled LPG is an essential good and, therefore, it has a relatively low correlation with economic performance. For more information on LPG prices see “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Distribution of Liquefied Petroleum Gas—Ultragaz—Prices of LPG”.

At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, LPG prices fell following oil prices. But, in April 2020 and May 2020, international prices rebounded as a result of the subsequent increase in demand, particularly in Asia. On the second semester of 2020, LPG prices in the world moved along with the seasonal trend, but since December 2020, many factors contributed to increased prices, such as the severe winter conditions noticed in the northern hemisphere, increased demand in Chinese petrochemical industry and the OPEC production agreement.

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Chemical and petrochemical business

The specialty chemicals volume in the Brazilian market is correlated to economic performance. Therefore, an acceleration or deceleration in the Brazilian GDP can affect our sales volume, as Oxiteno’s specialty chemicals sales in Brazil represented 54% of its total sales in 2020. In periods of the Brazilian market growth, Oxiteno aims at (i) increasing the volume sold in the domestic market once the logistics costs are usually lower than those of exports, and (ii) increasing sales volume of specialties, products of higher value added than commodities. In 2020, sales of specialty chemicals represented 83% of the total volume sold by Oxiteno.

Almost all of Oxiteno’s products prices and variable costs are linked to U.S. dollar. Therefore, a sharp appreciation or depreciation of the U.S. dollar could have an impact on Oxiteno’s contribution margin in the future. In 2018, the Real depreciated 17% against the U.S. dollar. In 2019, the Real depreciated 4% against the U.S. dollar. The depreciation of the Real against the U.S. dollar was 29% in 2020. We cannot predict what will be the trend of the Real in the future. See “Item 3.A. — Key Information — Selected Consolidated Financial Data — Exchange Rates”.

Oxiteno’s main raw material is ethylene, which is produced from naphtha in Brazil. Generally, naphtha prices in Brazil fluctuate with oil prices. In 2019, oil prices ended at US$66/barrel, an increase of 23% compared to 2018. In 2020, oil prices ended at US$52/barrel, down 22% compared to 2019. We cannot predict whether oil and ethylene prices maintain this trend. A sharp variation in ethylene prices would impact Oxiteno’s results if it is not able to keep operating margins. The second most important raw material for Oxiteno is the palm kernel oil, the international prices for which increased from US$694/ton in December 2018 to US$ 753/ton in December 2019. In 2020, palm kernel oil prices ended at US$1,255/ton, an increase of 67% compared to 2019.

After two consecutive years of registering drops of 7% and 1% in 2019 and 2018, respectively, t he demand for chemical and petrochemical products in Brazil increased 11% in 2020 in the National Apparent Consumption, according to ABIQUIM. As a consequence, the increase in the chemical and petrochemical products consumption c an have a positive effect on the future volumes sold by Oxiteno and on its results.

Fuel distribution business

In the recent past, the combined sales of gasoline, ethanol and NGV (Otto cycle) in Brazil have been correlated mainly with the growth of the light vehicle fleet. According to ANFAVEA, in 2020, the light vehicle fleet registered about 2.0 million new vehicles licensed in Brazil, and an increase of 1% of the average fleet compared to 2019, reaching about 43 million light vehicles. In addition, we believe the current ratio of inhabitants per vehicle in Brazil is still low when compared to the rate seen in countries with similar level of development.

According to information provided by the ANP, in 2020, national Otto cycle volume sold decreased 10% coping with the increase in light vehicle fleet. Diesel sales, which in 2020 accounted for 52% of the volume sold by Ipiranga, have historically been correlated with Brazilian economic performance, especially the agricultural and consumer goods segments. In 2020, the Brazilian diesel market, according to ANP data, remained practically stable when compared to 2019. The increase in the fuel consumption c an have a positive effect on the future volume sold by the Company and on its results.

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Retail pharmacy business

Retail pharmacy is a relevant market in Brazil and during the last years has presented significant growth. According to ABRAFARMA, the revenues of its member companies grew by 8% in 2020 compared to 2019. We believe the sector has potential for continued growth, mainly due to:

(i) Brazilian aging population – the estimated Brazilian population over 60 years, which is responsible for the largest part of the consumption of medicines, is estimated at 30 million people and is expected to reach 42 million people in 2030, an average growth of 3% per year, according to IBGE data;

(ii) greater access to medicines, especially due to the growing prominence of generic drugs, which are cheaper than the reference branded medicine; and

(iii) the growing sale of personal care and beauty products through the drugstore channel.

Given the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, we may experience a significant reduction in demand in the Extrafarma business in the short term. In the medium-term and long-term, we do not currently predict a significant reduction in demand in the Extrafarma business related to the COVID-19 pandemic. For more information see “—Our businesses may be materially and adversely affected by the outbreak of communicable diseases, such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, or other epidemics or pandemics”, and “Item 5.A. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects— Operating Results — Impact of ongoing COVID-19 pandemic”.

Digital payments business

The banking sector in Brazil has extremely complex and bureaucratic process to open new accounts. We believe that in Brazil there is a considerable number of people still unbanked and a large quantity of active smartphones. These two factors represent an opportunity to digital wallets.

In 2020, the Central Bank of Brazil announced a new instant payment system with potential to completely transform the country's payment industry, allowing transaction at any time, reducing costs and eliminating intermediaries in the transfer and payment process.

In the short term, the COVID-19 pandemic may reduce the recurrence of the use of our app by our customers, but in the mid to long term it can change the behavior of the customers and intensify the use of our digital wallet.

E. Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off balance sheet arrangements.

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F. Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations, as of December 31, 2020:

| Payment due by period |
Contractual obligations | Total |  | Up to 1 year |  | Between 1 and 3 years |  | Between 3 and 5 years |  | More than 5 years |
| (R$ million) |
Loans and hedging instruments and debentures | 17,259.1 |  | 3,138.8 |  | 5,794.3 |  | 1,0 66.2 |  | 7,259.8 |
Estimated interest payments on financing(1)(2) | 2,872.1 |  | 481.8 |  | 921.9 |  | 679.2 |  | 789.2 |
Currency and interest rate hedging instruments(3) | 472.6 |  | 133.1 |  | 88.9 |  | 106.9 |  | 143.8 |
Estimated planned funding of pension plan—Ultraprev(4) | 515.7 |  | 22.8 |  | 47.9 |  | 51.0 |  | 394.0 |
Purchase obligations—raw materials(5) | 910.5 |  | 411.9 |  | 469.7 |  | 28.9 |  | - |
Purchase obligations—utilities(6) | 138.1 |  | 36.4 |  | 71.9 |  | 29.8 |  | - |
Minimum tariff obligations—Ultracargo(7) | 72.2 |  | 8.2 |  | 13.1 |  | 12.2 |  | 38.7 |
Leases payable | 2,734.4 |  | 396.0 |  | 668.1 |  | 541.0 |  | 1,129.3 |
Lease contracts(8) | 7.3 |  | 0.4 |  | 6.5 |  | 0.4 |  | - |
Total contractual obligations | 24,982.0 |  | 4,629.4 |  | 8,082.2 |  | 2,515.7 |  | 9,754.7 |

(1) The estimated interest payment amount was calculated based on macro-economic assumptions including, on average for the period, (i) DI of 2.29% in 202 1, 3.74% in 202 2 and 4.84% in 202 3, (ii) Reais to U.S. dollar exchange rate of R$4.86 in 202 1, R$4.33 in 202 2, R$4.17 in 202 3, R$4.20 in 202 4, R$4.22 in 202 5, R$4.24 in 202 6, R$4.26 in 2027, R$4,28 in 2028, and R$4.30 in 2029, (iii) a 4.39% TJLP rate and (iv) IPCA of 3.6 0% in 202 1, 3.30% in 202 2 and 3.00% up to 2023 (Source: B3, Boletim Focus and financial institutions). See “Item 5.B. Operating and Financial Review and Prospect—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Indebtedness” and n ote 16 to our consolidated financial statements for more information about the maturity of our debt and applicable interest rates. See n otes 16 and 3 3 to our consolidated financial statements for more information on the maturity and the fair value of our swap agreements.

(2) Includes estimated interest payments on our short-term and long-term debt. Does not include any information about our derivative instruments, for which the fair value is disclosed in Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

(3) Hedge instruments were estimated based on US Dollar forwards and the forward curves of DI x Pré and Pré x IPCA contracts, at the B3 quote on December 31, 2020, and the LIBOR forward curve (ICE – Intercontinental Exchange) and commodities heating oil and RBOB contracts quoted at the New York Mercantile Exchange (“NYMEX”) on December 31, 2020. The table above considers only hedges with a negative forecast result upon liquidation.

(4) The estimated payment amount was calculated based on (i) a 3.25% inflation assumption, (ii) the average age of the participants as of December 31, 2020 (39 years) and (iii) the Company’s contribution in December 2020.

(5) Oxiteno has at its Camaçari plant a supply agreement with Braskem which establishes a minimum annually consumption level of ethylene, and conditions for the supply of ethylene until 2021. The minimum purchase commitment clause provided for a minimum annual consumption of 205 thousand tons in 2020. Should the minimum purchase commitment not be met, the subsidiary would be liable for a fine based on the current ethylene price for the quantity not purchased. According to contractual conditions and tolerances, there are no material issues regarding the minimum purchase commitment. Our subsidiary Oxiteno has a supply agreement with Braskem, valid until 2023, which establishes and regulates the conditions for supply of ethylene to Oxiteno based on the international market for this product. The minimum purchase is 44.1 thousand tons of ethylene annually. Should the minimum purchase commitment not be met, the subsidiary would be liable for a fine based on the current ethylene price for the quantity not purchased. According to contractual conditions and tolerances, there are no material issues regarding the minimum purchase commitment. For further information, see “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Petrochemicals and Chemicals—Oxiteno—Ethylene supply”.

(6) The purchase obligation relates to long-term contracts under which Oxiteno is required to purchase a minimum amount of energy annually.

(7) Tequimar has agreements with CODEBA—Companhia Docas do Estado da Bahia, Complexo Industrial Portuário Governador Eraldo Gueiros, EMAP – Empresa Maranhense de Administração Portuária and with Companhia Docas do Pará, in connection with its ports facilities in Aratu, Suape, Itaqui and Vila do Conde (start of operations scheduled for 2022), respectively. Such agreements establish a minimum cargo movement of products (i) in Aratu, of 397 thousand tons per year until 2031, and of 900 thousand tons per year until 2022; (ii) in Suape, of 250 thousand tons per year, until 2027, and of 400 thousand tons per year until 2029; (iii) Itaqui, of 1,222,377 cubic meters per year until 2049; and (iv) Vila do Conde, of 343,625 cubic meters per year from 2023 (variable amount for each year). If the annual movement is less than the minimum contractual movement, the subsidiary is liable to pay the difference between the effective movement and the minimum contractual movement, based on the port tariff rates in effect on the date established for payment. As of December 2020, these rates were R$6.21 and R$3.20 per ton for Aratu, and R$0.78 per cubic meter in Itaqui. For Suape, the tariffs are R$3.34 for fuels and R$1.72 for chemicals per ton.

(8) The subsidiaries Cia. Ultragaz, Bahiana, Extrafarma, Ipiranga, Serma and Oxiteno have low-value, short-term leases with variable payments associated with plant equipment, information technology equipment, vehicles and commercial real estate. The subsidiaries have the option to purchase the assets at a price equal to the fair market price on the date of option, and management does not intend to exercise such option. The expense recognized in 2020 was R$17,749 thousand (R$11,400 thousand in 2019 and R$11.386 thousand in 2018). These contracts refer to low value items that do not fit under IFRS 16.

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ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

A. Directors and Senior Management

The following table lists the members of our Board of Directors and senior management as of April 29, 2021:

Name | Position |  | Years with the Company |  | Age
Board of Directors |  |  |  |  |
Pedro Wongtschowski | Chairman |  | 4 4 |  | 75
Lucio de Castro Andrade Filho | Vice-Chairman |  | 44 |  | 76
Alexandre Teixeira de Assumpção Saigh(1) | Director |  | 0 |  | 5 3
Ana Paula Vitali Janes Vescovi | Director |  | 2 |  | 52
Fl á via Buarque de Almeida | Director |  | 2 |  | 5 3
Jorge Marques de Toledo Camargo | Director |  | 6 |  | 67
José Galló | Director |  | 2 |  | 69
José Luiz Alquéres(2) | Director |  | 0 |  | 77
José Maurício Pereira Coelho | Director |  | 6 |  | 5 4
Marcos Marinho Lutz(2) | Director |  | 7(3) |  | 51
Otávio Lopes Castello Branco Neto(2) | Director |  | 0 |  | 6 2
Executive Officers |  |  |  |  |
Frederico Pinheiro Fleury Curado | Chief Executive Officer |  | 3 |  | 59
Rodrigo de Almeida Pizzinatto (4) | Chief Financial and Investor Relations Officer, Ultrapar |  | 21 |  | 44
Décio de Sampaio Amaral(4) | Officer, Ultracargo |  | 1 |  | 51
João Benjamin Parolin | Officer, Oxiteno |  | 35 |  | 62
Marcelo Pereira Malta de Araújo | Officer, Ipiranga |  | 2 |  | 59
Tabajara Bertelli Costa. | Officer, Ultragaz |  | 25 |  | 49

(1) Member of the Board of Directors elected for his first term at the extraordinary shareholders’ meeting held in September 2020.

(2) Members of the Board of Directors elected for their first term at the a nnual and extraordinary general shareholders’ meeting held in April 2021.

(3) Mr. Lutz served as Ultracargo’s Officer from 2001 to 2003 and in different positions at Ultragaz, from 1994 to 1999.

(4) Mr. Amaral assumed the position in January 2020 and Mr. Pizzinatto in October 2020. Mr Pizzinatto was already an Executive Officer at Extrafarma since June 2018. For further information, see “Item 4.A. Information on the Company—History and Development of the Company”.

Summarized below is information regarding the business experience, areas of experience and principal outside business interest of the current members of our Board of Directors and our senior management.

Board of Directors

Pedro Wongtschowski. Dr. Wongtschowski became an officer of Ultrapar in 1985, and CEO in January 2007, a position he held until December 2012. Currently, he serves as Chairman of Ultrapar’s Board of Directors and as coordinator of its Strategy Committee. He is Chairman of the Board of the National Association of Innovative Companies (Associação Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento das Empresas Inovadoras) and Chairman of the Board of EMPRAPII (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa e Inovação Industrial). He was the Chairman from 2015 to 2019 of IEDI (Instituto de Estudos para o Desenvolvimento Industrial). Dr. Wongtschowski is a member of the Board of Directors of Embraer S.A., CTC (Centro de Tecnologia Canavieira) and several non-profit-organizations. He is author or co-author of books related to the chemical industry. Dr. Wongtschowski is a Chemical Engineer, with MSc and PhD from Escola Politécnica of the University of São Paulo.

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Lucio de Castro Andrade Filho. Mr. Andrade Filho became a member of our Board of Directors in 1998. Currently, he serves as Vice-Chairman of Ultrapar’s Board of Directors. He joined us in 1977 and since then Mr. Andrade Filho has held a number of positions with Ultrapar’s subsidiaries in the LPG, logistics, engineering and chemicals segments, as well as serving as Ultrapar’s Vice-President from 1982 to 2006. Mr. Andrade Filho was also the Chief Executive Officer of GLP – Qualidade Compartilhada, an LPG industry association and a member of the Board of Directors of the Brazilian Petroleum Institute. He has also been a member of Associação Arte Despertar, from 2005 to 2009. Mr. Andrade Filho received degrees in civil engineering and in administration from Mackenzie University in São Paulo in 1968 and 1972, respectively.

Alexandre Teixeira de Assumpção Saigh. Mr. Saigh joined us in September 2020 as a member of the Board of Directors. Mr. Saigh is co-founder and member of the Executive Committee of Pátria Invest i mentos L tda., a lead ing alternative investment management firm in Latin America. Mr. Saigh was a partner at Banco Patrimônio responsible for the development and execution of its merchant banking & private equity activities from 1994 until 2000, when he co-founded Pátria Invest i mentos. Mr. Saigh received a degree in financial management and hotel administration from Boston University and a post-graduate degree in economics from Harvard University.

Ana Paula Vitali Janes Vescovi. Ms. Vescovi joined us in July 2019 as a member of the Board of Directors and the Audit and Risks Committee. In 2019, Ms. Vescovi became head of macroeconomics at Banco Santander (Brasil) S.A. Ms. Vescovi has been the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Caixa Econômica Federal from 2017 to 2018. Ms. Vescovi was also deputy minister and secretary of the National Treasury in the Ministry of Finance of the Federative Republic of Brazil from 2016 to 2018. Ms. Vescovi was a member of the Board of Directors of Eletrobrás from 2017 until 2018, besides chairman of the Board of Directors of IRB – Brasil Resseguros S.A. She received a degree in economy from Federal University of Espírito Santo in 1990, a master’s degree in economics from Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV) in 1992 and a master’s degree in public policies from the University of Brasília in 2001.

Flávia Buarque de Almeida. Ms. Buarque de Almeida joined us in April 2019 as a member of both the Board of Directors and the Strategy Committee. At Península Capital S.A. she has been Managing Director and Partner since 2013, as well as executive officer since 2019 and managing director of O3 Gestão de Recursos Ltda. Ms. Buarque de Almeida has been a member of the Board of Directors of BRF S.A. and Groupe Carrefour since 2017, W2W E-Commerce de Vinhos S.A. and Vitamina Chile S.P.A since 2016. She served as a Director at GAEC Educação S.A. from 2014 to 2018 and Lojas Renner S.A. from 2011 to 2016. She received a degree in business administration from Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV) in São Paulo in 1989 and she has a n MBA from Harvard Business School in 1994, in addition to extension courses from Kellogg Graduate School of Management (Northwestern University), Insead and Harvard.

Jorge Marques de Toledo Camargo. Mr. Camargo joined us in April 2015 as a member of the Board of Directors. He has been a member of the Board of Directors of Prumo Logística S.A. since 2014 and of Açu Petróleo S.A. since 2020. He is also Vice-President of the Board of Trustees of Centro Brasileiro de Relações Internacionais (CEBRI). Mr. Camargo served as President of Instituto Brasileiro de Petróleo e Gás (IBP) from 2015 to 2018 and is now member of its Board of Directors. He was also a senior consultant at McKinsey & Comp., Inc. from 2012 to 2019, and a member of the Board of Directors of Mills Estruturas e Serviços de Engenharia S.A. from 2011 to 2017. Previously he worked 27 years for Petrobras, including as a member of its Board of Officers, responsible for the International Area, and for Equinor, from 2003 to 2009, as Senior Vice-President at the headquarter in Norway and later as President of Equinor Brazil. He has more than 40 years of experience in the oil and gas industry. He graduated in Geology from the University of Brasilia and obtained a master’s degree in Geophysics from the University of Texas at Austin.

José Galló. Mr. Galló joined us in April 2019 as a member of the Board of Directors and the People Committee. He has been a member of the Board of Directors of Lojas Renner SA since 1998, having taken over as President of the body in 2019. He was Managing Director of Lojas Renner SA, from September 1991 to March 1999, when he was elected CEO, position which he held until April 2019. He has also been a member of the Board of Directors of Itaú Unibanco Holding SA since 2016. Mr. Galló has been Vice President of the Chamber of Shopkeepers of Porto Alegre since 2005. He is also an ambassador for Endeavor Brasil in Rio Grande do Sul since 2002 and Vice-President of the Deliberative Council of Instituto Caldeira, an innovation ecosystem in Porto Alegre. He was a member of the Board of Directors of SLC Agrícola S.A. from April 2007 to May 2016 and of Localiza Rent a Car S.A. from October 2010 to June 2020, having been Vice-Chairman of the Board from April 2019 to June 2020. He graduated in business administration from Fundação Getúlio Vargas (FGV) in São Paulo, in 1974.

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José Luiz Alquéres. Mr. Alquéres joined us as a member of the Board of Directors in April 2021. Currently, he is a member of the Board of Directors of Enauta Participações S.A. since 2010 and a member of Strategy Committee since 2020. Mr. Alquéres is a member of the Board of Director of Monteiro Aranha S.A. since 2018 and of Energisa S.A. since 2017. He served as chairman of the Board of Centrais Elétricas Brasileiras S.A. – Eletrobras, from 2016 to 2017. He is also the Institutional Relations Officer of IHGB since 2020, chairman of the strategic council of Casa FIRJAN since 2020, V ice-P resident of the Instituto Cultral EDP since 2019, member of the advisory council since 2012 and executive officer of JL Alquéres Consultores Associated since 1999. He is graduated in civil engineering from PUC and in Social Sciences from IFCS.

José Maurício Pereira Coelho. Mr. Coelho joined us in April 2015 as a member of the Board of Directors and, as of 2019, he is member of the Audit and Risks Committee. He currently is the CEO of Previ – Caixa de Previdência dos Funcionários do Banco do Brasil and Chairman of the Board of Directors of Vale S.A. He was the CEO of BB Seguridade Participações S.A from 2017 to 2018 and the Vice-President of Financial Management and Investor Relations of Banco do Brasil S.A. from 2015 to 2017. Mr. Coelho was also a member of the Board of Directors of the BB Securities LLC, New York, BB Securities Limited, London and BB Securities Asia Pte. Ltda., Singapore, from 2012 to 2015. He was a member of the Board of Directors of Cielo S.A from 2012 to 2017. He obtained a degree in accounting from Faculdade Unigranrio, Rio de Janeiro, in 1990. He has a n MBA in Finance and Capital Markets, with specialization in Corporate Governance from Fundação Getulio Vargas in Rio de Janeiro (FGV/RJ).

Marcos Marinho Lutz. Mr. Lutz joined us in April 2021 as a member of the Board of Directors. He has been a member of the Board of Directors of Votorantim S.A. since 2020 and of Corteva Agriscience since 2019. Mr. Lutz also serve s as President of Infrastructure Council of FIESP (Federation of Industries of São Paulo) since 2015. He served as a member of the Board of Directors of Rumo Logística S.A. from 2008 to 2020 and as the Chairman in the last year. Mr. Lutz was also a member of the Board of Directors of Comgás S.A. from 2013 to 2020, of Raízen S.A. from 2011 to 2020, of Moove S.A. from 2008 to 2020 and of Monsanto S.A. from 2014 to 2018. He was the Chief Executive Officer of Cosan S.A. – Indústria e Comércio from 2009 to 2020. He graduated as a naval engineer from Escola Politécnica of the University of São Paulo and holds a n MBA in Marketing, Operations and Logistics from Kellogg School of Management.

Otávio Lopes Castello Branco Neto. Mr. Castello Branco Neto joined us in April 2021 as a member of the Board of Directors. He serves as a P artner and member of the Board of Directors of Pátria Investimentos LTDA. s ince 2021 and served as member of the Executive Committee in 2020. He graduated as an engineer.

Executive Officers

Frederico Pinheiro Fleury Curado. Mr. Frederico Curado has been CEO of Ultrapar since October 2017. He was CEO of Embraer S.A. from 2007 to 2016, where he previously held the positions of Executive Vice President Commercial Aviation Market from 1998 to 2007, and Executive Vice President Planning and Organizational Development from 1995 to 1998. Mr. Curado is a member of the Board of Directors of Transocean Ltd. (since 2013) and ABB Ltd. (since 2016). Mr. Curado served as a member of the Board of Directors of Iochpe-Maxion S.A. (from 2015 to 2017), Vice-President of CCI - International Chamber of Commerce (2013-2018), President of the Brazil-United States Business Council (2011-2016), and as a member of the Board of the Smithsonian Air and Space Museum (2014-2017). Mr. Curado holds a bachelor's degree in Mechanical-Aeronautical Engineering from the Technological Institute of Aeronautics (ITA) in 1983 and has an Executive MBA from the University of Sao Paulo in 1997.

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Rodrigo de Almeida Pizzinatto. Mr. Pizzinatto joined us in 1999 as an intern and, since then, has work ed in several areas of the Company: treasury, M&A, corporate planning and investor relations. From 2012 to 2014, Mr. Pizzinatto was Ultrapar’s officer of M&A, Corporate Planning and Investor Relations. From 2014 to 2018, Mr. Pizzinatto served as Extrafarma’s officer, where he was responsible for different areas during his tenure, such as expansion, marketing, commercial and logistics. In June 2018, he was named Chief Executive Officer of Extrafarma, leading a strategic revision and turnaround plan. In October 2020, he was nominated Ultrapar’s Chief Financial and Investor Relations Officer. He is also member of the board of ABRAFARMA (Associação Brasileira de Redes de Farmácias e Drogarias), the drugstore retail industry main association. Mr. Pizzinatto holds a n MBA from Stanford Graduate School of Business and a bachelor’s degree in business administration from Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV).

Décio de Sampaio Amaral. Mr. Amaral joined us in 2020. With 28 years of experience in logistics, supply chain, operations, and project management, Mr. Amaral held leadership positions in Itautec-Philco, Souza Cruz and Vale. Recently he was the CEO of Camargo Correa Infraestrutura. Mr. Amaral graduated in engineering at ITA and in Industrial Management at Fundação Vanzolini, holds a master’s degree in Finance from IBMEC and completed executive programs in IMD and MIT.

João Benjamin Parolin. Mr. Parolin joined us in 1986, working in Oxiteno’s commercial department prior to assuming the position of Oxiteno’s Chief Operating Officer in 2007. Mr. Parolin formerly served as marketing manager from 1989 to 1992 and sales manager from 1992 to 2000. From 2000 to 2006, he held the sales director position at Oxiteno. Prior to joining Oxiteno, Mr. Parolin worked in the commercial area at Dow Química S.A. Mr. Parolin received a bachelor degree in chemical engineering from Escola Politécnica of the University of São Paulo in 1980, a post-graduate degree in marketing administration at Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV) and a master’s degree in business administration from Fundação Instituto de Administração – University of São Paulo in 2003. As a complement to his academic background he attended the STC – Skills, Tools and Competences from Fundação Dom Cabral/J.L Kellogg Graduate School of Management (Northwestern University) in 2000 and the Advanced Management Program at Wharton University in 2005.

Marcelo Pereira Malta de Araújo. Mr. Araújo joined us in 2018. With more than 30 years of experience, he initiated his career at Shell do Brasil, where he worked for 10 years in the operations, retail, lubricants, marketing, planning and engineering departments. After that, Mr. Araújo held leadership positions in large Brazilian corporations, such as Natura, CSN, Camargo Correa and Grupo Libra. In the last years, he acted as Chief Executive Officer of Marisa Lojas S.A. Mr. Araújo also accumulated experience as board member of Usiminas, Laboratório Fleury and Alpargatas. He graduated in engineering at Engineering Military Institution (IME) and holds a n MBA from Sociedade de Desenvolvimento Empresarial (current IBMEC), in addition to extension courses from Harvard and Insead.

Tabajara Bertelli Costa. Mr. Bertelli initiated his career at Ultrapar in 1995 in the finance department and moved to Ultragaz in 2000, where he established a solid career, predominantly in the commercial areas. In 2015, he was transferred to Ipiranga, as an officer, to the recent developed department dedicated to Large Consumers Market (B2B) and had the opportunity to develop and consolidate a differentiated strategy to its customers. In January 2019, Mr. Bertelli became Chief Executive Officer of Ultragaz. Mr. Bertelli graduated in industrial engineering and holds a master’s degree in business management, both from the University of São Paulo (USP), and a post-graduation in Finance at Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV). Mr. Bertelli also attended the STC – Skills, Tools and Competences from Kellogg Business School in 2010.

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B. Compensation

The purposes of our compensation policy and practices for our management are (i) to align executives’ and shareholders’ interests, based on the principle of sharing risks and returns, (ii) to converge individual goals to the Company’s long-term strategy, and (iii) to recognize the contribution and retain professionals, based on market references.

Following these principles, we adopt a competitive compensation plan that includes the use of value creation metrics to establish variable compensation targets, benefits aligned with market practice and a stock ownership plan.

Pursuant to Ofício Circular/CVM/SEP/No. 01/2021, starting in 2020, we ceased to report social charges paid by employer as manager compensation information.

For the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recognized an aggregate compensation for our directors and executive officers of R$47.2 million in its financial statements. The compensation does not consider the social charges paid by the employer as manager compensation information, pursuant to Ofício Circular/CVM/SEP/No. 01/2021. The numbers are d istributed as follows:

| Board of |  | Executive |  |  |
December 31, 2020 | Directors |  | Officers |  | Total |
| (in thousands of Reais, except for the number of members) |
Number of members (1) | 10.33 |  | 6.75 |  |  |
Annual fixed compensation | 9,297.00 |  | 16,040.27 |  | 25,337.27 |
Salary | 9,297.00 |  | 12,230.51 |  | 21,527.51 |
Direct and indirect benefits | - |  | 3,809.76 |  | 3,809.76 |
Variable compensation | - |  | 16,326.17 |  | 16,326.17 |
Short-term variable compensation | - |  | 16,326.17 |  | 16,326.17 |
Long-term variable compensation | - |  | - |  | - |
Post-employment benefit | - |  | 1,598.13 |  | 1,598.13 |
Benefits due to the interruption in the exercise of the position | - |  | - |  | - |
Stock-based compensation | - |  | 3,892.75 |  | 3,892.75 |
Total compensation | 9,297.00 |  | 37,857.32 |  | 47,154.32 |

(1) Average number of members in the period.

The table below shows the higher, lower and average individual compensation recognized in our financial statements for our directors and executive officers in 20 20:

|  |  | Highest |  | Lowest |  | Average
| Number of |  | individual |  | individual |  | individual
Body | members |  | compensation |  | compensation |  | compensation
| (in thousands of Reai s, except for the number of members)
Board of Directors | 10.33 |  | 1,800.00 |  | 720.00 |  | 899.71
Executive Officers | 6.75 |  | 14,103.87 |  | 4,111.27 |  | 5,608.49

The main components of our management compensation plan are:

- Fixed compensation (salary and direct and indirect benefits): a monthly amount paid with the purpose of compensating the responsibility and complexity inherent to each position, the individual contribution and experience of each professional, seeking to maintain levels compatible with those of comparable companies.
- Short-term variable compensation: an annual amount paid in order to align the interests of the executives with those of the Company. This amount is linked to (i) Company’s economic performance, and (ii) the achievement of annual individual goals. All targets related to the Company’s and the individual executive’s performance are established in accordance with the strategic planning.
- Share ownership compensation plan: since 2003, Ultrapar has adopted stock-based compensation to reinforce the alignment between the long-term interests of executives and shareholders and to retain executives. According to the terms of the stock plan in force since 2017, there are two different programs that aim to ensure retention of key executives and professionals and make a relevant portion of their compensation contingent on shareholder value generation.

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Since 2003, Ultrapar has adopted a stock-based compensation plan pursuant to which certain executives have the voting and economic rights of shares held in treasury for a period of five to seven years from the initial concession of the rights. Following this period, Ultrapar transfers the full ownership to those executives subject to uninterrupted employment of the participant during the period. The number of shares and the executives eligible to this stock plan are determined by the Board of Directors, and there is no mandatory annual grant. The total number of shares to be used in the plan is subject to the number of shares in treasury and to the limit established in the plan. The fair value of the awards is determined on the grant date based on the market value of the shares on the B3 and the amounts are amortized between five to seven years from the grant date. On December 31, 2020, the amount granted to the Company’s executives, including tax charges, totaled R$51.6 million. In 2020, an amortization in the amount of R$2.4 million was recognized as a general and administrative expense.

The chart below sets forth a historical summary of the vested and unvested shares granted to the members of our board of Executive Officers as of December 31, 2020, by granting date:

Body |  | Statutory Officers
Total number of members |  |
Number of compensated members |  | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1
Granting Date |  | 10-Nov-10 | 07-Nov-12 | 03-Feb-14 | 05-Mar-14 | 10-Dec-14 | 13-Mar-17
Number of shares granted(1) |  | 280,000 | 140,000 | 300,000 | 76,800 | 200,000 | 200,000
Period for the share effective ownership to be transferred Granting Date(1) |  | 1/3 in | 1/3 in | 1/3 in | 1/3 in | 1/3 in | 1/3 in
| Oct-15 | Oct-17 | Jan-18 | Mar-19 | Dec-19 | Mar-22
| 1/3 in | 1/3 in | 1/3 in | 1/3 in | 1/3 in | 1/3 in
| Oct-16 | Oct-18 | Jan-19 | Mar-20 | Dec-20 | Mar-23
| 1/3 in | 1/3 in | 1/3 in | 1/3 in | 1/3 in | 1/3 in
| Oct-17 | Oct-19 | Jan-20 | Mar-21 | Dec-21 | Mar-24
Price assigned to the shares granted (R$/share) |  | 13.39 | 21.45 | 25.32 | 26.08 | 25.32 | 34.00

(1) The number and the price of shares granted were adjusted to reflect the stock split of the shares issued by the Company at a ratio of 4 shares for 1 share approved by the Company's shareholders at the extraordinary general shareholders' meeting held on February 10, 2011 and another ratio of 2 shares for 1 share approved by the Company's shareholders at the extraordinary general shareholders' meeting held on April 10, 2019 and implemented on April 24, 2019.

At the e xtraordinary and a nnual general shareholders’ meeting held on April 19, 2017, Ultrapar’s shareholders approved a new stock-based incentive plan (“Plan”) which establishes the terms and general conditions for granting common shares issued by the Company held as treasury stock which may or may not involve awarding usufruct over any portion thereof for subsequent transfer of ownership for periods from three to six years to officers or employees of the Company or its subsidiaries.

As a result of the Plan, common shares representing up to 1% of the Company’s share capital may be delivered to the participants, which corresponds, at the date of approval of this Plan, to 11,149,187 common shares. This limit was modified to reflect the split of shares approved at the extraordinary and annual general shareholders meeting held on April 10, 2019 and implemented on April 24, 2019.

The Board of Directors approved our restricted stock program and the restricted stock and performance program, pursuant to which the participants appointed by the Board of Directors were granted unvested shares in the amount of R$88.3 million. In 20 20, we recognized a general and administrative expense of R$1 0.7 million in connection with these programs.

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The chart below sets forth a historical summary of the vested and unvested shares granted to the members of our board of Executive Officers as of December 31, 20 20, by grating date:

Body |  | Statutory Officers
Total number of members |  | 7
Number of compensated members |  | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 6 | 3
Granting Date |  | 0 8-Nov-17 | 08-Nov-17 | 04-Apr-18 | 24-Sep-18 | 03-Apr-19 | 02-Sep-19 | 01-Apr-20 | 16-Sep-20
Number of shares granted |  | 240,000 | 14,252(1) | 38,480(1) | 80,000 | 108,444(1) | 160,000 | 185,808(2) | 700,000
Period for the share effective ownership to be transferred Granting Date (1) |  | Oct-23 | 1/3 in | 1/3 in | Sep-24 | 1/3 in | Sep-25 | 1/3 in | Sep-26
| Nov-20 | Apr-21 | Apr-22 | Apr-23
| 1/3 in | 1/3 in | 1/3 in | 1/3 in
| Nov-21 | Apr-22 | Apr-23 | Apr-24
| 1/3 in | 1/3 in | 1/3 in | 1/3 in
| Nov-22 | Apr-23 | Apr-24 | Apr-25
Price assigned to the shares granted (R$/share) |  | 38.57 | 38.57 | 34.35 | 18.40 | 23.25 | 16.42 | 12.53 | 23.03

(1) Subjected to the performance goals throughout the vesting period, the same amount of shares can be transferred to the Executive Directors as performance shares. The performance shares are not submitted to the grant of usufruct.

(2) Subjected to the performance goals throughout the vesting period, up to 150% of shares can be transferred to the Executive Directors as performance shares. The performance shares are not submitted to the grant of usufruct.

The members of our Board of Directors are not eligible to the approved program.

For more information on our Deferred Stock Plan and Plan, please see n ote 8.c to our financial statements.

C. Board Practices

We are managed by our Board of Directors and by our Executive Officers. As of December 31, 20 20, our Board of Directors, consisted of eleven members, all of them being non-executive members and eight of whom were independent, according to the Brazilian Novo Mercado Listing Rules. On April 14, 2021, the a nnual and e xtraordinary general shareholders’ meeting elected a new Board of Directors for a two-year term. The new Board of Directors is comprised of eleven members, all non-executive members and s ix independent members. One member of the Board was an executive officer until December 2006 and one member was an executive officer until December 2012. All of the non-independent members are related, directly or indirectly, to Ultra S.A. Our Board of Directors must meet every three months and extraordinarily whenever called by its chairman or by any two directors. During 20 20, ten board meetings were held. Each meeting of the Board of Directors requires the majority of the directors to be present, including the chairman or the vice-chairman, before the meeting may commence. The vote of the majority of the members present is required for the approval of a resolution by the Board of Directors. In case of a tie, the chairman, or in the chairman’s absence, the vice chairman, will provide the casting vote. In case of urgency, the chairman of our Board of Directors (or a third party that he or she may appoint) may call a special meeting of the Board of Directors with a shorter notice period than the usual; provided, however, that two-thirds of board members are present in order to commence such special meeting. Among other responsibilities, the Board of Directors is responsible for (i) our general guidelines, (ii) electing and removing our executive officers, supervising their management and fixing their compensation, (iii) deliberating on the issuance of new shares, within the limits of our authorized capital, (iv) authorizing the distributions of dividends and interest on shareholders’ equity, (v) approving transactions with value exceeding five percent of our shareholders’ equity, (vi) approving our dissolution or merger and (vii) the appointment of independent registered public accounting firm. Pursuant to Brazilian law, the Board of Directors must be elected by our shareholders at the general shareholders’ meeting.

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Members of the Board of Directors are elected for a period of two years and may be reelected.

Our bylaws require that at least 30% of the members of our Board of Directors be independent directors, which exceeds the 20% required by the Novo Mercado segment regulation. In addition, our bylaws set forth that the election of the members of the Board of Directors must be made through the nomination of a slate of candidates, unless cumulative voting is requested. Only the following slates of candidates will be eligible: (i) those nominated by the Board of Directors; or (ii) those nominated by any shareholder or group of shareholders. See “Item 4.A. Information on the Company—History and Development of the Company—New corporate governance structure” and “Exhibit 1.1—Bylaws of Ultrapar, dated as of April 1 4, 202 1”.

When electing members to the Board of Directors, shareholders will be entitled to request, as required by law and our bylaws, the adoption of a cumulative voting process, provided that they do so within, at least, forty-eight hours in advance of the shareholders’ meeting. The minimum percentage of capital necessary for requesting the cumulative voting process is 5% of the shares. In the event the election has been conducted by cumulative voting, the removal of any member of the Board of Directors by the shareholders’ meeting shall entail the removal of the other members, giving rise to a new election. See “Exhibit 1.1—Bylaws of Ultrapar, dated as of April 1 4, 202 1”.

Executive Officers

As of December 31, 20 20, our Board of Executive Officers was comprised of six members, including our Chief Executive Officer.

Members of Board of Executive Officers are elected for a two-year term and can be reelected. For the dates on which our executive officers began holding their respective position, see “Item 6.A. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—Directors and Senior Management”.

Advisory Committees

In 2019, we implemented advisory committees in our five businesses, composed of Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and specialists in each sector. These committees are not statutory and began operating in the first quarter of 2019. The discussions have been instrumental in monitoring and directing the businesses in an agile and timely manner. The planning and budget for future years are conducted as part of this new process and is expected to result in increased quality in decision-making processes and greater alignment of visions and strategies.

Fiscal Council and Audit Committee Exemption

Brazilian Corporate Law requires us to establish a Fiscal Council, which is a separate corporate body independent of our management and our external independent registered public accounting firm and may operate on a permanent or non-permanent basis. According to the Brazilian Corporate Law, a Fiscal Council acting on a non-permanent basis is required to be formed when requested by 10% of voting shareholders in an annual general shareholders’ meeting. However, pursuant to CVM Instruction 324/00, in the case of Ultrapar, holders of 2% of the voting capital are entitled to request the installation of the Fiscal Council. The elected members of the Fiscal Council will remain in place only until the following annual general shareholders’ meeting, in which they may be reelected by our shareholders. The Fiscal Council must meet at least four times per year. Since its establishment, in July 2005, our Fiscal Council has been meeting on a regular basis, and in 20 20, they held nine meetings.

As set forth in our bylaws approved on April 10, 2019, our Fiscal Council, composed of three effective members and an equal number of alternate members, acts on a non-permanent basis. At the annual and extraordinary general shareholders’ meeting held on April 14, 2021, the Fiscal Council was installed, and the following individuals were elected to serve as effective members of our Fiscal Council: Mr. Flávio Cesar Maia Luz, Mr. Geraldo Toffanello and Mr. William Bezerra Cavalcanti Filho. These members will serve a term from April 2021 through April 2022. Under Brazilian Corporate Law, individuals who are members of our Board of Directors or our Board of Executive Officers or are employees or spouses or relatives of any member of our management are not eligible to serve on the Fiscal Council. To be eligible to serve on our Fiscal Council, a person must be a resident of Brazil and either a hold university degree or have been a Company officer or Fiscal Council member of another Brazilian company for at least three years prior to election to our Fiscal Council. Our Fiscal Council has the duties and obligations provided by the Brazilian Corporate Law, which includes, among others, to at least every three months examine the statements of financial position and other financial statements periodically prepared by the Company, examine the accounts and financial statements for the fiscal year and give an opinion on them. See “Exhibit 1.1—Bylaws of Ultrapar, dated as of April 14, 2021”.

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Until April 2019, our Fiscal Council acted as an audit committee pursuant to the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. However, in order to adapt to the new rules for the Novo Mercado segment, the e xtraordinary and a nnual general shareholders’ meeting held on April 10, 2019, decided that our audit and risks committee must function on a permanent basis to advise the Board of Directors. This committee is responsible for: (a) recommending to the Board of Directors the retention and dismissal of independent audit services, as well as proposing to the Board of Directors the nomination of the independent auditor and their replacement; (b) reviewing the management report and the financial statements of the Company and of its controlled companies, and providing the recommendations it deems necessary to the Board of Directors; (c) reviewing the quarterly financial information and the periodic financial statements prepared by the Company; (d) monitoring the activities of the Company’s internal audit and internal controls departments, including follow-up and assessment of the effectiveness and sufficiency of the internal control structure and of the internal and independent audit processes of the Company and of its controlled companies, including in relation to the provisions set forth in the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, submitting the recommendations it deems necessary for the improvement of policies, practices and procedures; (e) evaluating and monitoring the Company’s risk exposure, as per the Risk Management Policy, as well as providing its opinion on any review of the contents thereof, in addition to advising the Board of Directors in connection with the setting of acceptable risk levels; (f) establishing procedures for the acceptance and handling of information submitted by any party relating to alleged noncompliance with applicable legal and regulatory requirements applicable to the Company, in addition to internal regulations, policies and codes, including procedures for confidential or anonymous submission, safeguarding information secrecy; (g) interacting with the other Company’s governing bodies in connection with the receipt and review of information on noncompliance with legal and regulatory requirements applicable to the Company, as well as with internal regulations; and (h) providing its opinion on the matters submitted to it by the Board of Directors, as well as on those matters it determines to be relevant.

Also in accordance with the new rules for the Novo Mercado and with the provisions of our bylaws, this committee shall have (i) at least three members, of whom at least one must be an independent member of the Board of Directors and one must have recognized experience in business accounting pursuant to the rules issued by the CVM regarding the registration and practice of independent auditing activities in the securities market; (ii) operational autonomy and its own budget approved by the Board of Directors to cover its operating costs and expenses; and (iii) its own bylaws, approved by the Board of Directors, with a detailed description of its functions and operating procedures, and a chairperson whose activities must be defined in its bylaws.

The members of the audit and risks committee shall be elected by the Board of Directors for a term of office of two years, and the term shall coincide with the term of office of the Directors, with reelection being permitted for successive terms. As of December 31, 2020, the audit and risks committee was composed by Mr. Flavio Cesar Maia Luz as coordinator of such committee, and Ms. Ana Paula Vitali Janes Vescovi, Mr. Joaquim Pedro de Mello and Mr. José Maurício Pereira Coelho as members. Their term of office ended on the a nnual and e xtraordinary g eneral s hareholders’ m eeting held on April 14, 2021 and the Board of Directors appoint ed Ms. Ana Paula Vitali Janes Vescovi, Mr. Jorge Marques de Toledo Camargo and Mr. José Maurício Pereira Coelho as members of the audit and risks committee in a meeting held on April 14, 2021. M s. Ana Paula Vitali Janes Vescovi will also act as coordinator of the committee.

Under Rule 10A-3(c)(3) of the Exchange Act, considering that (i) our audit and risks committee complies with the rules for the Novo Mercado; (ii) our bylaws expressly requires that the audit and risks committee consist of at least one member of the Board of Directors and one or more persons who are not Directors; and (iii) SEC’s interpretative letter issued on November 8, 2018, we are exempt from the audit committee requirements of Section 303A of the NYSE Listed Company Manual.

As of December 31, 20 2 0, our Fiscal Council consisted of three members and their respective alternate members, set forth on the following table:

Name | First Year of Appointment
Geraldo Toffanello | 2017
Márcio Augustus Ribeiro (alternate) | 2007
Marcelo Amaral Moraes | 201 9
Pedro Ozires Predeus (alternate) | 2005
William Bezerra Cavalcanti Filho | 2018
Carlos Roberto de Albuquerque Sá (alternate) | 20 2 0

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On April 1 4, 202 1, at the a nnual and e xtraordinary g eneral s hareholders’ m eeting, Flavio César Maia Luz, Geraldo Toffanello and William Bezerra Cavalcanti Filho were elected, as well as Márcio Augustus Ribeiro, Pedro Ozires Predeus and Sandra Regina de Oliveira as their alternates, respectively. Mr. Luz and Ms. Oliveira were elected in replacement of Mr. Marcelo Amaral Moraes and Mr. Paulo Cesar Pascotini, respectively. The other members were reelected. This meeting also approved compensation for Fiscal Council members of R$18,500 per month for each effective (non-alternate) member, except for the president of the Fiscal Council, whose compensation was set at R$27,750 per month.

Summarized below is information regarding the business experience, areas of experience and principal outside business interests of the current members of our Fiscal Council.

Flavio César Maia Luz. Mr. Maia Luz was the President of the Fiscal Council of Ultrapar from 2005 to 2019 and served as Coordinator of our Audit and Risks Committee from 2019 to 2021. Currently, he is a member of the Board of Directors and Audit Committee Coordinator of Livetech Indústria e Comércio S.A., and a member of the Board of Directors of Linx S.A., Zen Indústria Metalúrgica S.A. and Ser Educacional S.A. Mr. Maia Luz is also the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Soares Penido Obras Construções e Investimentos S.A. and Partner-Officer at Doing Business Consultoria Empresarial Ltda. He served as Chairman of the Fiscal Council of Duratex and was a member of such body for Itaúsa S.A. and CTEEP S.A. Mr, Maia Luz is also a former member of the Board of Directors of Marcopolo S.A. and Sinqia S.A. Mr. Maia Luz received a degree in civil engineering from Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo and a post-graduate degree in business administration from Escola de Administração de Empresas de São Paulo da Fundação Getulio Vargas. He also holds certificates of continuing education programs in Finance, Marketing and Mergers & Acquisitions, from Harvard Business School, Stanford University and Wharton Business School, respectively.

Geraldo Toffanello. Mr. Toffanello has been a member of our Fiscal Council since 2017, and also is a member of the Fiscal Council of Gerdau S.A. and Metalúrgica Gerdau S.A. Until 2011, he worked as a corporate accounting director of Gerdau S.A. He was a member of Fiscal Council of Dimed S.A. Distribuidora de Medicamentos and a member of the Board of Directors of Puras FO from 2012 to 2015. Mr. Toffanello served as a member of the audit and accounting standards committee of ABRASCA – Associação Brasileira de Companhias Abertas (Brazilian Publicly Traded Companies Association) from until 2010, a member of the council board of IFRS, and a member of the accounting pronouncements committee – CPC. He also is a member of the B oard of D irectors of Parceiros Voluntários – ONG and the founder of Luzes do Mundo Ltda. Mr. Toffanello received a degree in accounting from Faculdade Porto-Alegrense de Ciências Contábeis e Administrativas and a postgraduate degree in accounting from Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul.

William Bezerra Cavalcanti Filho. Mr. Cavalcanti Filho joined us in 2018 as a member of the Fiscal Council. Currently, he is an alternate member of Fiscal Council of Norte Energia S.A. and a member of the Audit Committee of Pré-sal Petróleo S.A. Mr. Cavalcanti Filho is a former member, among others, of the Board of Directors of Casa da Moeda do Brasil, Guaraniana S.A. (currently NeoEnergia) and Bolsa de Valores do Rio de Janeiro (alternate member) and a member of the Fiscal Council of Sadia S.A., ALL S.A., Login-Intermodal S.A. and CPFL S.A. He was also a former Financial Executive of Banco do Brasil S.A. and Investments General Manager of Brasilcap S.A. He holds a bachelor’s degree in economics and in philosophy from PUC – Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro and Instituto Metodista Bennett in 1982.

Corporate Governance

We are incorporated under the laws of Brazil and we are subject to Brazilian laws related to corporate governance. Under Brazilian Corporate Law, there are no legal requirements with respect to corporate governance regarding (i) the independence of our Board of Directors, (ii) meetings of non-management directors, (iii) the mandatory establishment and composition of certain board committees or (iv) the adoption and disclosure of corporate governance guidelines or codes of business conduct and ethics. As a non-U.S. issuer, we are exempt from adopting certain NYSE corporate governance requirements. However, we aim to ensure that best practices, recommendations and standards of corporate governance are employed in our functioning and operations. As of December 31, 20 20, we had adopted corporate governance practices, such as the requirement that at least 30% of the members of the Board of Directors be independent, the implementation of a code of ethics for Ultra S.A., Parth, senior officers and all employees, and the implementation of the strategy, people and audit and risks committees. According to our bylaws, the Fiscal Council will act on a non-permanent basis and will be installed when requested by our shareholders as set forth in Brazilian Corporate Law.

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In 2000, B3 introduced three special listing segments, known as Levels 1 and 2 of Differentiated Corporate Governance Practices and Novo Mercado, which seek to foster a secondary market for securities issued by Brazilian companies with securities listed on B3, by requiring such companies to follow good practices of corporate governance. The listing segments were designed for the trading of shares issued by companies voluntarily abiding by corporate governance practices and disclosure requirements in addition to those already imposed by Brazilian Corporate Law. These rules generally increase shareholders’ rights and enhance the disclosure of information provided to shareholders.

In 2005, we entered into an agreement with B3 and have complied with the requirements to become a Level 1 Company, which is the entrance level of the Differentiated Corporate Governance Practices of B3.

In 2011, the e xtraordinary general s hareholders’ m eeting and the special preferred shareholders’ meeting approved the conversion of each preferred share into one common voting share, the migration of Ultrapar to Novo Mercado segment of B3 and amendments to our bylaws. See “Exhibit 2.11—Rules of Novo Mercado”.

In 2017, new Listing Rules for the Novo Mercado were approved by the CVM and became effective as of January 2, 2018.

Some of the modifications of the Novo Mercado Listing Rules may be adopted until the General Shareholders Meeting of 2022, which include the following requirements: (i) set up an audit committee (statutory or non-statutory); (ii) structure and disclose a process of assessment of the Board of Directors, its committees and the executive officers; (iii) establish and disclose of a Code of Conduct, as well as a Compensation Policy, a Nomination Policy for the Board of Directors, its Committees and Executive Officer, a Risk Management Policy, a Related Party Transaction Policy and a Securities Trading Policy, all of them with minimum requirements. As of the date of this annual report, we are in full compliance with such rules.

Our bylaws are already adapted to the listing requirements of Novo Mercado. In addition, we have provisions that exceed such requirements. For example, according to the rules of Novo Mercado the minimum percentage of independent members of the Board of Directors is set at 20%, while a minimum of 30% is required in our bylaws. Our bylaws also establish a mandatory tender offer for 100% of the Company’s shareholders in the event a shareholder, or a group of shareholders acting in concert, acquire or become holder of 20% of the Company’s shares, excluding treasury shares. Our bylaws do not establish any limitation on voting rights, special treatment to current shareholders, public tender offers for a price above that of the acquisition price of shares or any other poison pill provisions, thus assuring the effectiveness of a majority shareholders’ approval on all matters to be deliberated. See “Exhibit 1.1—Bylaws of Ultrapar, dated as of April 1 4, 202 1”.

Description of the Audit and Risks Committee

Our bylaws establish the audit and risks committee as an ancillary body of the Board of Directors. The audit and risks committee shall be comprised of at least three members and shall include at least one independent Director and at least one member with recognized experience in corporate accounting matters, as provided in the applicable regulations of the CVM. All members shall be elected by the Board of Directors for a term of office of two years, and the term shall coincide with the term of office of the Directors, with reelection being permitted for successive terms. A single member of the audit and risks committee may concentrate the two above mentioned requirements.

The audit and risks committee shall (a) recommend to the Board of Directors the retention and dismissal of independent audit services, as well as propose to the Board of Directors the nomination of the independent auditor and their replacement; (b) review the management report and the financial statements of the Company and of its controlled companies, and provide the recommendations it deems necessary to the Board of Directors; (c) review the quarterly financial information and the periodic financial statements prepared by the Company; (d) monitor the activities of the Company’s internal audit and internal controls departments, including follow-up and assessment of the effectiveness and sufficiency of the internal control structure and of the internal and independent audit processes of the Company and of its controlled companies, including in relation to the provisions set forth in the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, submitting the recommendations it deems necessary for the improvement of policies, practices and procedures; (e) evaluate and monitor the Company’s risk exposure per the Risk Management Policy, as well as provide its opinion on any review of the contents thereof, in addition to advising the Board of Directors in connection with the setting of acceptable risk levels; (f) establish procedures for the acceptance and handling of information submitted by any party relating to alleged noncompliance with applicable legal and regulatory requirements applicable to the Company, in addition to internal regulations, policies and codes, including procedures for confidential or anonymous submission, safeguarding information secrecy; (g) interact with the other Company’s governing bodies in connection with the receipt and review of information on noncompliance with legal and regulatory requirements applicable to the Company, as well as with internal regulations; and (h) provide its opinion on the matters submitted to it by the Board of Directors, as well as on those matters it determines to be relevant.

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As of December 31, 2020, Mr. Flávio Cesar Maia Luz, Ms. Ana Paula Vitali Janes Vescovi, Mr. Joaquim Pedro de Mello and Mr. José Maurício Pereira Coelho were members of the audit and risks committee appointed the Board of Directors at the meeting held on May 15, 2019, for a two-year term, that coincide with the term of office of the Directors. See “Exhibit 1.1—Bylaws of Ultrapar, dated as of April 14, 2021”. Their terms of office ended at the a nnual and e xtraordinary general s hareholders’ m eeting held on April 14, 2021. The Board of Directors appointed Ms. Ana Paula Vitali Janes Vescovi, Mr. Jorge Marques de Toledo Camargo and Mr. José Maurício Pereira Coelho as members of the audit and risks committee in a meeting held on April 14, 2021. Ms. Ana Paula Vitali Janes Vescovi will also act as coordinator of the committee.

Description of the People Committee

Our bylaws establish the people committee as an ancillary body of the Board of Directors. The people committee shall (a) pursuant to the proposal received from the Chief Executive Officer, propose to the Board of Directors and periodically revise the parameters and guidelines of a remuneration and benefits framework to directors, executive officers and senior employees of the Company and subsidiaries, and members of the committees and other governing bodies assisting the Board of Directors, (b) propose to the Board of Directors, pursuant to the proposal received from the Chief Executive Officer, the overall compensation of the directors and executive officers of the Company, which shall be submitted to the shareholders’ meeting, and propose the individual compensation of the Board of Executive Officers; (c) ensure that the Company prepares itself adequately for the succession of its directors, executive officers and other key employees, particularly the Chief Executive Officer and the principal executive officers; and (d) carry out diligence and supervise the steps taken to ensure that the Company adopts a model of competence and leadership, attraction, retention and motivation in line with its strategic plans. As approved at the e xtraordinary and a nnual general s hareholders’ m eeting held on April 10, 2019, the denomination of such committee was modified from the people and organization to the people committee. In addition, the composition of such committee was modified to determine that it shall be comprised of at least three members, of which at least two must be independent directors. See “Exhibit 1.1—Bylaws of Ultrapar, dated as of April 14, 2021”.

The people committee was installed by the Board of Directors at the meeting held on November 9, 2011. As of December 31, 2020, Mr. Alexandre Gonçalves Silva, Mr. Nildemar Secches, Mr. Lucio de Castro Andrade Filho and Mr. José Galló were members of the people committee as appointed by the Board of Directors at the meeting held on May 15, 2019 for a two-year term, that coincide with the term of office of the Directors. See “Exhibit 1.1—Bylaws of Ultrapar, dated as of April 14, 2021”. Their terms of office ended at the a nnual and e xtraordinary general s hareholders’ m eeting held on April 14, 2021. The Board of Directors appointed Mr. José Galló, Mr. Lucio de Castro Andrade Filho, Mr. Alexandre Teixeira de Assumpção Saigh and Mr. José Luiz Alquéres as members of the people committee in a meeting held on April 14, 2021. Mr. José Galló will also act as coordinator of the committee.

Description of the Strategy Committee

Our bylaws establish the strategy committee as an ancillary body of the Board of Directors. The strategy committee shall be comprised entirely of Directors and its duties shall be as follows: (a) to advise the Board of Directors in overall business direction, as well as in the drafting and monitoring of the Company’s strategic plans and budgets; (b) to provide its opinion on, and monitor, the Company’s strategic partnerships and main investments, as provided in the Investment Policy; and (c) to provide its opinion on the capital allocation strategy and on the management of the Company’s portfolio, including mergers and acquisitions.

As of December 31, 2020, Mr. Pedro Wongtschowski, Ms. Flávia Buarque de Almeida, Mr. Jorge Marques de Toledo Camargo and Mr. Lucio de Castro Andrade Filho were members of the strategy committee appointed by the Board of Directors at the meeting held on May 15, 2019, for a two-year term, that coincide with the term of office of the Directors. See “Exhibit 1.1—Bylaws of Ultrapar, dated as of April 14, 2021”. Their terms of office ended at the a nnual and e xtraordinary general s hareholders’ m eeting held on April 14, 2021. The Board of Directors appointed Mr. Pedro Wongtschowski, Ms. Flávia Buarque de Almeida, Mr. Jorge Marques de Toledo Camargo and Mr. Marcos Marinho Lutz as members of the strategy committee in a meeting held on April 14, 2021. Mr. Pedro Wongtschowski will also act as coordinator of the committee.

Termination Agreements

Not applicable.

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D. Employees

As of December 31, 20 20, we had 1 5,946 employees. The following table sets forth our number of employees per line of business at the dates indicated:

| As of December 31, |
| Number of employees |
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |
Holding | 405 |  | 393 |  | 440 |
Ultragaz | 3,397 |  | 3,414 |  | 3,511 |
Ultracargo | 926 |  | 792 |  | 710 |
Oxiteno | 1,851 |  | 1,844 |  | 1,943 |
Ipiranga | 3,378 |  | 3,289 |  | 3,318 |
Extrafarma | 5,921 |  | 6,292 |  | 7,112 |
abastece aí | 68 |  | — |  | — |
Ultrapar | 15,946 |  | 16,024 |  | 17,034 |

Ultrapar’s employees are covered by collective agreements with the labor unions that represent different industry sectors: Ultragaz in the gas and oil products sectors; Ipiranga in the fuel distribution sector; Oxiteno in the chemicals sector; Ultracargo in the storage sector; Extrafarma in the retail pharmacy business; and Holding and abastece aí in the trade union of accounting service companies since January 2020. All agreements, signed between the companies and labor unions of each sector, addresses social, financial, labor union and labor relations issues.

In 2001, our Board of Directors approved the adoption of a defined contribution pension plan to be sponsored by Ultrapar and each of its subsidiaries. Participating employees have been contributing to this plan, managed by Ultraprev—Associação de Previdência Complementar, since 2001. Under the terms of the plan, every year each participating employee chooses his or her basic contribution to the plan. Each sponsoring company provides a matching contribution in an amount equivalent to each basic contribution, up to a limit of 11% of the employee’s base salary, according to the rules of the plan. As participating employees retire, they may choose to receive either (i) a monthly sum ranging between 0.3% and 1.0% of their respective contribution (including accumulated funds) in Ultraprev or (ii) a fixed monthly amount which will exhaust their respective contribution (including accumulated funds) over a period of 5 to 35 years. The sponsoring company does not guarantee the amounts, or the duration of the benefits received by each employee that retires. The total number of participating employees as of December 31, 2020 was 7,290.

E. Share Ownership

In accordance with our bylaws, our common shares are our sole class of capital stock authorized and outstanding. They entitle their holders to voting rights on any matter. See “Item 6.C. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—Board Practices—Corporate Governance”.

On April 10, 2019, the e xtraordinary and a nnual general s hareholders’ m eeting approved a stock split of the shares issued by Ultrapar, so that each share would be represented by two shares of the same class and type, and Ultrapar’s capital stock became composed of 1,112,810,192. The stock split shall not involve any change in the capital stock, therefore being no alteration in the financial amount and shareholder participation in the Company’s capital stock. The share split was implemented on April 24, 2019, which was also the date that the corresponding stock split of our American Depositary Shares was implemented.

On February 19, 2020, August 18, 2020 and February 24, 2021, our Board of Directors approved the issuance of 2,108,542, 86,978 and 70,939, respectively, common shares within the limits of the authorized capital stock pursuant to Article 6 of the Company’s Bylaws, due to the partial exercise of the subscription warrants issued by the Company to the former Extrafarma shareholders in connection with the merger of shares of Extrafarma in 2014. As of the date of this annual report, the Company’s capital stock is represented by 1,115,076,651 common shares, all of them nominative and with no par value.

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The table below sets forth the number of our common shares beneficially owned by each of our current directors and executive officers as of December 31, 2020, including through their participation in Ultra S.A., and does not reflect changes to our capital stock subsequent to such date:

| Total |
| Common Shares |  | % |
Board of Directors |  |  |  |
Pedro Wongtschowski(1) | 4,806,891 |  | 0.4% |
Lucio de Castro Andrade Filho(1) | 11,298,309 |  | 1.0% |
Alexandre Teixeira de Assumpção Saigh(2) | — |  | 0.0% |
Ana Paula Vitali Janes Vescovi | — |  | 0.0% |
Fl á via Buarque de Almeida | — |  | 0.0% |
Jorge Marques de Toledo Camargo | — |  | 0.0% |
José Gallo(3) | 76,000 |  | 0.0% |
José Luiz Alquéres(4) | — |  | 0.0% |
José Maurício Pereira Coelho | — |  | 0.0% |
Marcos Marinho Lutz(4) | 1,852,991 |  | 0.2% |
Otávio Lopes Castello Branco Neto(4) | — |  | 0.0% |
Executive Officers |  |  |  |
Frederico Pinheiro Fleury Curado(5) | 806,507 |  | 0.1% |
Rodrigo de Almeida Pizzinatto(5) | 274,821 |  | 0.0% |
Décio de Sampaio Amaral(5) | 159,161 |  | 0.0% |
João Benjamin Parolin(5) | 81,044 |  | 0.0% |
Marcelo Pereira Malta de Araújo(3) (5) | 336,117 |  | 0.0% |
Tabajara Bertelli Costa(5) | 220,000 |  | 0.0% |
Board of Directors and Executive Officers | 19,911,841 |  | 1.8% |
Total(6) | 1,115,005,712 |  |  |

(1) Individuals who beneficially own shares primarily through their participation in the holding company Ultra S.A. See “Item 7.A. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Major Shareholders”.

(2) Member of the Board of Directors elected for his first term at the e xtraordinary general shareholders’ meeting held in September 2020.

(3) Individual who owns shares through an exclusive fund.

(4) Members of the Board of Directors elected for their first term at the a nnual general shareholders’ meeting held in April 2021.

(5) Executives who were granted shares through the Deferred Stock Plan.

(6) The total number of common shares has not been adjusted to reflect the issuance of 70,939 new common shares that occurred in February 2021 as a result of the partial exercise of the subscription warrants issued to the former Extrafarma shareholders.

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ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

A. Major Shareholders

The table below shows the capital stock of Ultrapar as of the date of this annual report:

|  | Total |
|  | Common Shares |  | % |
Shareholders |  |  |  |  |
Ultra S.A. Participações |  | 279,593,690 |  | 25% |
Parth do Brasil Participações |  | 85,667,912 |  | 8% |
BlackRock, Inc |  | 55,813,586 |  | 5% |
Others |  | 694,001,463 |  | 62% |
Total(1) |  | 1,115,076,651 |  | 100% |

(1) The total number of common shares has been adjusted to reflect the issuance of 70,939 new common shares that occurred in February 2021 as a result of the partial exercise of the subscription warrants issued to the former Extrafarma shareholders.

Ownership and Capital Structure of Ultra S.A. Participações and Parth do Brasil Participações

As of December 31, 2020, Ultra S.A. and Parth owned approximately 25% and 8%, respectively, of Ultrapar’s voting shares. As of December 31, 2020, the capital stock of Ultra S.A. and Parth were beneficially owned as follows:

Ultra S.A. |  |  |  |  |
|  | Total |
|  | Shares |  | % |
Shareholders |  |  |  |  |
Pátria Private Equity VI FIP Multiestratégia |  | 18,958,000 |  | 20% |
Fabio Igel. |  | 17,118,601 |  | 18% |
Ana Maria Levy Villela Igel |  | 12,477,584 |  | 13% |
Christy Participações LTDA |  | 9,039,643 |  | 10% |
Marcia Igel Joppert |  | 7,605,892 |  | 8% |
Joyce Igel de Castro Andrade |  | 6,998,377 |  | 7% |
IgelPar Participações S.A |  | 4,075,862 |  | 4% |
Others |  | 12,984,611 |  | 14% |
Total Shareholders |  | 89,258,570 |  | 94% |

Directors and officers |  |  |  |  |
Lucio de Castro Andrade Filho |  | 3,880,337 |  | 4% |
Pedro Wongtschowski |  | 1,650,918 |  | 2% |
Total directors and officers |  | 5,531,255 |  | 6% |
Total |  | 94,789,825 |  | 100% |

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Parth |  |  |  |  |
|  | Total |
|  | Shares |  | % |
Shareholders |  |  |  |  |
Jennings Luis Igel Hoffenberg |  | 61,788,141 |  | 36% |
Pedro Igel de Barros Salles |  | 59,144,754 |  | 34% |
Bettina Igel Hoffenberg |  | 42,267,183 |  | 24% |
Venus Quartz LLC |  | 9,595,506 |  | 6% |
Total Shareholders |  | 172,795,584 |  | 100% |

Shareholders’ Agreements

On May 2, 2018, Ultra S.A. and Parth executed a shareholders’ agreement to set forth a set of rules to govern the relationship between these two shareholders. This 2018 S hareholders’ A greement replaced the Ultra S.A. shareholders’ agreement executed in 2014 and should be in force for a period of five years, automatically renewable for a further period of five years, except if a termination notice is sent by one party to the other up to six (6) months before the end of its term.

The 2018 shareholders agreement’s main terms were substantially related to (i) how Ultra S.A., Parth and its shareholders should vote at Ultrapar’s shareholders meetings; (ii) procedures to exchange any party’s shares in Ultra S.A. or in Parth for shares of Ultrapar; and (iii) procedures applicable to the exercise of right of first refusal, preemptive rights and drag along rights. Additionally, any third party purchasing Ultra S.A.’s shares bound by the shareholders’ agreement must agree to be bound by the shareholders’ agreement. See “Exhibit 2.7—2018 Shareholders’ Agreement, dated as of May 2, 2018”.

In July 2019, Ultra S.A. informed the Company that its shareholders approved the disposal of all shares issued by Ultra S.A. held by Mr. Paulo Guilherme Aguiar Cunha and his family, which was concluded through certain transactions carried out in November 2019 (see our Form 6-K furnished to the SEC on November 29, 2019). As a result, Mr. Paulo Guilherme Aguiar Cunha and his family no longer held any shares issued by Ultra S.A. and, therefore, parties to the Ultrapar’s 2018 Shareholders’ Agreement.

On August 18, 2020, Ultra S.A. and Parth entered into the 2020 Shareholders’ Agreement to include P á tria, in its capacity as Ultra S.A.'s shareholder then holding a 20% stake in Ultra S.A.'s capital stock, as consenting intervening party, therefore bound by the provisions of the 2020 Shareholders' Agreement. The 2020 Shareholders’ Agreement replaced the 2018 Shareholders’ Agreement in its entire t y, and the terms and conditions remain substantially the same of the latter. As of the date of this annual report, the 2020 Shareholders' Agreement binds a total of shares representing 3 4.5% of the Company’s capital stock. See “Exhibit 2.13—2020 Shareholders’ Agreement, dated as of August 18, 2020”.

B. Related Party Transactions

As of December 31, 20 20, Ultrapar is responsible for guarantees and securities provided to subsidiaries in the amount of R$13,758.0 million. This disclosure of related party transactions is provided for purposes of the rules governing Annual Reports on Form 20-F and is not meant to suggest that these matters would be considered related party transactions under IFRS.

Utingás’ bylaws provide for each of its shareholders to use a proportion of Utingás’ total storage capacity equal to such shareholder’s proportionate ownership of Utingás. Accordingly, Ultragaz is entitled to use 4.2 thousand tons of LPG storage capacity at Utingás’ facilities, reflecting Ultragaz’s 57% ownership in Utingás. The amount of payments made by Ultragaz to Utingás in 2020 with respect to the use of storage capacity at Utingás’ facilities totaled R$7.8 million.

The related parties’ transactions for financial statements purposes are transactions between the subsidiaries of the Ultrapar with joint-ventures and associates companies that are not eliminated in the consolidation of financial statements. The main related parties’ transactions are related to RPR, Chevron’s companies and ConectCar. See n ote 8.a to our consolidated financial statements for a detailed breakdown of related party transactions as of December 31, 2020.

3. Interests of Expert and Counsel

Not applicable.

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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL I NFORMATION

1. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information

For our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto see “Item 18. Financial Statements”.

Dividends and Distribution Policy

Dividend policy

The bylaws of a Brazilian company may establish a minimum percentage of the profit that must be paid to shareholders as mandatory dividends. The amounts due as dividends may be paid as interest on net equity. Our bylaws approved at the e xtraordinary and a nnual general s hareholders’ m eeting held on April 10, 2019 provides for a mandatory distribution equal to 50% of the adjusted net profit, after the allocation of 5% of the net profit to the legal reserve.

Brazilian Corporate Law defines the “net profit” as the results of the relevant fiscal year, reduced by accumulated losses of prior fiscal years, provisions for income tax and social contribution on the net profit for such fiscal year, and amounts allocated to employees’ and management’s participation on the results in such fiscal year.

Under Brazilian Corporate Law, the net profit may be reduced or increased by the following:

- amounts allocated to the legal reserve;
- amounts allocated to the statutory reserve, if any;
- amounts allocated to the contingency reserve, if required;
- amounts allocated to the unrealized profit reserve;
- amounts allocated to the retained profit reserve;
- amounts allocated to the income tax exemption reserve;
- reversions of reserves registered in prior years, in accordance with Brazilian GAAP; and
- reversions of the amounts allocated to the unrealized profit reserve, when realized and not absorbed by losses.

Legal reserves. We are required to maintain a legal reserve to which we must allocate 5% of our net profit until the amount of our legal reserve equals 20% of paid-in capital. We are not required to make any allocations to the legal reserve for any fiscal year in which such reserve, when added to our capital reserves, exceeds 30% of our capital stock. Accumulated losses, if any, may be charged against the legal reserve. Other than that, the legal reserve can only be used to increase our capital.

Statutory reserves. Under Brazilian Corporate Law, any corporation may create statutory reserves, in which case it shall be provided in its respective bylaws. In this case, the bylaws must also indicate the reserve purpose, allocation criteria and maximum amount of reserve. As provided in our bylaws approved at the e xtraordinary and a nnual general s hareholders’ m eeting held on April 10, 2019, we may allocate up to 50% of our adjusted net profit to an investment reserve, up to the limit of 100% of our capital stock.

Contingency reserves. Under Brazilian Corporate Law, our shareholders may decide, upon a proposal of our Board of Directors, to allocate a discretionary amount of our net profit to a contingency reserve for estimated future losses, which are deemed probable. The distributable amount may be further increased by the reversal of such reserve in the fiscal year when the reasons that justified the creation of such reserve cease to exist or in which the anticipated loss occurs. Accordingly, there is no specific percentage of net profit allocable to this type of reserve.

Unrealized profits reserves. Under Brazilian Corporate Law, when the mandatory dividend amount exceeds the realized net profits in a given fiscal year, our shareholders may elect, upon a proposal of our Board of Directors, to allocate some or all of the excess dividend amount to any unrealized profits reserve. Brazilian Corporate Law defines “realized” net profits as the amount by which the company’s net profits exceed the sum of (1) its net positive results, if any, from the equity method of accounting for earnings and losses of the company’s subsidiaries and certain of its affiliates and (2) the profits, gains or returns that will be received by the company after the end of the next fiscal year. The distributable amount is increased by the profits that were allocated to such reserve when they are realized.

Income tax exemption reserve. Under Brazilian Corporate Law, the portion of the net profit derived from donations or governmental incentives directed to investments, can be excluded of the Distributable Amount.

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Retained profits reserve. Under Brazilian Corporate Law, our shareholders may decide to retain a discretionary amount of our net profits that is provided for in a budget approved in the general shareholders’ meeting, upon the proposal of its Board of Directors, for the expansion of our installations and other investment projects. After the conclusion of the relevant investments, we may retain the reserve until the shareholders approve the transfer of the reserve, in full or in part, to its capital or to the accumulated profits reserve. In accordance with Brazilian Corporate Law, if a project to which part of the reserve has been allocated has a term exceeding one year, the budget for such project must be approved by the general shareholders’ meeting each fiscal year through the conclusion of the project.

Brazilian Corporate Law provides that all statutory allocations of net profit, including the unrealized profits reserve and the reserve for investment projects, are subject to approval by the shareholders voting at a general shareholders’ meeting and may be used for capital increases or for the payment of dividends in subsequent years. The legal reserve is also subject to approval by the general shareholders’ meeting and may be transferred to capital or used to absorb losses but is not available for the payment of dividends in subsequent years.

The balance for the profit reserve accounts, except for the contingency reserve and unrealized profits reserve, may not exceed the share capital. If this happens, our shareholders must determine whether the excess will be applied to pay in the subscribed and unpaid capital, to increase and pay in the subscribed stock capital or to distribute dividends.

The profits unallocated to the accounts mentioned above must be distributed as dividends.

A company is permitted to allocate to the unrealized profits reserves all income from equity gains in subsidiaries that are not distributed to the company in the form of cash dividends. When such gains are distributed to the company in the form of cash dividends, the company is required to reverse the reserve. See “Item 3.D. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Shares and the American Depositary Shares”. In addition to the mandatory distribution, the Board of Directors may recommend to the shareholders the payment of interim distributions from other funds that are legally available for such purposes. Any payment of an interim dividend may be set off against the amount of the mandatory dividend distribution for that fiscal year.

As an alternative form of payment of dividends, Brazilian companies may distribute interest on capital, which payments may be treated by a company as a deductible expense for income and social contribution taxes purposes. Payments of interest on capital may be made at the discretion of our Board of Directors, subject to the approval of the holders of our common shares. Payments of interest attributed to shareholders’ equity, net of withholding tax, may be distributed as part of the minimum mandatory dividends, to the extent that it does not exceed the limits described below. This interest is calculated in accordance with the daily pro rata variation of the Brazilian government’s long-term interest rate (TJLP), as determined by the Central Bank from time to time, and cannot exceed the greater of:

- 50% of net income (after the deduction of the social contribution on profits and before the provision for corporate income tax and the amounts attributable to shareholders as net interest on equity) related to the period in respect of which the payment is made; or
- 50% of the sum of retained profits and profit reserves in the beginning of the period with respect to which the payment is made.

Under Brazilian Corporate Law, a company may suspend the mandatory distribution either in the form of dividends or payments of interest on capital if the shareholders at the general shareholders’ meeting determine, based on the Board of Directors’ proposal, which is reviewed by the Fiscal Council, that payment of the mandatory distribution for the preceding fiscal year would be inadvisable in light of the company’s financial condition. Our managers must report to the CVM such suspension within five days of the relevant general shareholders’ meeting. Under Brazilian law, mandatory distributions that are suspended and not offset against losses in future years must be paid as soon as the financial condition of the company permits.

We declare and pay dividends and/or interest on capital, pursuant to Brazilian Corporate Law and our bylaws. Our Board of Directors may approve the distribution of dividends and/or interest on capital, calculated based on our annual or semiannual financial statements or on financial statements relating to shorter periods. The amount of any distributions will depend on a series of factors, such as our financial condition, prospects, macroeconomic conditions, tariff adjustments, regulatory changes, growth strategies and other issues our Board of Directors and our shareholders may consider relevant.

The amount of retention of profits and investments reserve are free of distribution restrictions and totaled R$3.7 billion as of December 31, 2020.

For 2020, we declared dividends to our shareholders of R$480 million, of which R$424 million corresponding to 50% of our reported adjusted net income for 2020 and R$55 million corresponding to the additional dividends to minimum mandatory. For 2019, we declared dividends to our shareholders of R$479 million, of which R$355 million corresponding to 95% of our reported net income for 2019 and R$124 million from income reserves of previous years. On February 24, 2021, our Board of Directors approved the distribution of dividends, payable from the net earnings account for the 2020 fiscal year, equivalent to R$0.44 per common share, paid from March 12, 2021 onwards.

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We usually pay dividends twice a year – interim dividends are paid after the reporting of the second quarter financial statements and the remaining is paid after the reporting of the annual financial statements. As a measure of cash containment, the management opted to not pay interim dividends for the current year.

The following table sets forth the dividends per share distributed by us, which reflects retroactively the approval of the stock split on April 10, 2019, which became effective on April 24, 2019.

Dividend history

Year ended December 31, |  | Common shares(1) |
|  | (in Reais per share) |  | (in US$ per share)(2) |
2016 |  | 0.84 |  | 0.26 |
2017 |  | 0.88 |  | 0.27 |
2018 |  | 0.63 |  | 0.16 |
2019 |  | 0.44 |  | 0.10 |
2020 |  | 0.44 |  | 0.08 |

(1) Dividends per share take into account the stock split approved on April 10, 2019 and implemented on April 24, 2019. The number of shares used in the dividends per share calculation has not been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the issuance of 2,108,542, 86,978 and 70,939 new common shares that occurred in February 2020, August 2020 and February 2021, respectively, as a result of the partial exercise of the subscription warrants issued to the former Extrafarma shareholders.

(2) The amounts in Reais have been converted into dollars using the exchange rates at each respective payment date.

Holders of our shares are entitled to receive dividends declared by us solely from the date of the subscription and/or acquisition of such shares.

Payment of dividends. Within the four months following the end of each fiscal year, our shareholders are required to hold an annual general shareholders’ meeting to decide, among other things, on the allocation of our net profits with respect to the fiscal year ended immediately prior to the shareholders’ meeting and the payment of an annual dividend. Additionally, interim dividends may be declared by our Board of Directors. Under Brazilian Corporate Law, dividends are generally required to be paid within 60 days following the date the dividend was declared, unless a shareholders’ resolution sets forth another date of payment, which, in either case, must occur prior to the end of the fiscal year in which such dividend was declared. Pursuant to Brazilian civil law, dividends revert to us three years after the date when we begin to pay such declared dividends.

Shareholders who are not residents of Brazil must register with the Central Bank to have dividends, sales proceeds or other amounts with respect to their shares eligible to be remitted in foreign currency outside of Brazil. The shares underlying the ADSs will be held in Brazil by Itaú Corretora de Valores S.A., as agent for the Depositary. For purposes of the registration requirement, the Depositary is deemed to be the stockholder of the shares underlying the ADSs. The Depositary will register such common shares with the Central Bank.

Payments of cash dividends and distributions, if any, will be made in Brazilian currency to the Custodian on behalf of the Depositary. The Custodian will then convert such proceeds into U.S. dollars and will cause such U.S. dollars to be delivered to the Depositary for distribution to holders of ADSs. See “Description of American Depositary Receipts” in our Registration Statement filed on Form F-1, declared effective on April 12, 2005. In the event that the Custodian is unable to convert immediately the Brazilian currency received as dividends into U.S. dollars, the amount of U.S. dollars payable to holders of ADSs may be adversely affected by devaluations of the Brazilian currency that may occur before such dividends are converted and remitted. See “Item 3.A. Key Information—Selected Consolidated Financial Data—Exchange Rates” and “Item 3.D. Key Information—Risk factors—Risks Relating to Brazil”. Dividends in respect of the shares paid to shareholders who are not Brazilian residents, including holders of ADSs, are exempt from Brazilian withholding tax except for dividends declared based on profits generated prior to December 31, 1995. Distributions of interest attributable to shareholders’ equity are currently subject to withholding tax at a rate of 15%, or 25% in the case of a shareholder domiciled in a “tax haven”. See “Item 10.E. Additional Information—Taxation—Brazilian Tax Consequences”.

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Legal proceedings

Provisions for tax, civil and labor risks. We and our subsidiaries are party to administrative proceedings and lawsuits in relation to tax, civil, environmental, regulatory, and labor matters that are incidental to the normal course of our business. Depending on the outcome of such administrative proceedings and lawsuits, penalties restricting rights may be applied against the Company or its subsidiaries. Proceedings are guaranteed by escrow accounts, and whenever applicable, we maintain escrow deposits. The provisions for the losses are estimated and updated by management based on the opinion of the Company’s legal department and its external legal advisors.

The table below demonstrates the breakdown of provisions by nature and its movement (in millions of Reais):

Provisions |  | 2019 |  | Additions |  | Write-offs |  | Payments |  | Monetary restatement |  | 2020 |
Income taxes and contribution on net profit |  | 541.3 |  | - |  | (0,5) |  | - |  | 7.1 |  | 547.9 |
PIS and COFINS |  | 10.2 |  | - |  | (10.3) |  | - |  | 0.1 |  | - |
ICMS |  | 96.5 |  | 15.6 |  | - |  | (4.1) |  | 0.6 |  | 108.6 |
Civil, Environmental and Regulatory claims |  | 85.9 |  | - |  | (4.1) |  | (24.2) |  | 0.2 |  | 57.8 |
Labor litigation |  | 98.0 |  | 6.4 |  | - |  | (17.1) |  | 3.4 |  | 90.7 |
Others |  | 92.8 |  | - |  | (0,3) |  | - |  | 0.6 |  | 93.2 |
Total |  | 924.6 |  | 22.0 |  | (15.1) |  | (45.4) |  | 12.0 |  | 898.0 |
Current |  | 40.5 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 43.7 |
Non-current |  | 884.1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 854.4 |

Some of the provisions above consist, in whole or in part, of escrow deposits. The balance of these escrow deposits are as follows (in millions of Reais):

|  | Year ended December 31, |
|  | 2020 |  | 2019 |
Tax matters |  | 789.6 |  | 753.8 |
Labor litigation |  | 57.6 |  | 71.6 |
Civil and others |  | 102.6 |  | 96.0 |
Total — non-current asset |  | 949.8 |  | 921.4 |

Social Security and tax provisions. On October 7, 2005, the subsidiaries Cia. Ultragaz and Bahiana filed for and obtained a preliminary injunction to recognize and offset PIS and COFINS credits on LPG purchases, against other taxes levied by the Brazilian Internal Revenue Service, notably IRPJ and CSLL. The decision was confirmed by a trial court on May 16, 2008. Under the preliminary injunction, the subsidiaries made escrow deposits for these debits which amounted to R$523.1 million as of December 31, 20 20 (R$515.8 as of December 31, 201 9). On July 18, 2014, a second instance unfavorable decision was published, and the subsidiaries suspended the escrow deposits, and started to pay income taxes from that date. To revert the court decision, the subsidiaries presented a writ of prevention which was dismissed on December 30, 2014, and the subsidiaries appealed this decision on February 3, 2015. Appeals were also presented to the respective higher courts Superior Court of Justice (“STJ”) and Federal Supreme Court (“STF”) whose final trial are pending.

Civil, environmental and regulatory provisions. Ultrapar and certain subsidiaries are engaged in lawsuits and administrative proceedings, mainly derived from contracts entered into with customers and former suppliers, as well as proceedings related to environmental and regulatory issues. The company and its subsidiaries maintained total provisions of R$57.8 million as of December 31, 20 20 (R$85.9 million as of December 31, 201 9) for such lawsuits and administrative proceedings. Our subsidiary IPP entered into an agreement in two civil proceedings that were provisioned for the expected amount of loss in the amount of R$27.9 million. The cases were closed with a reduction in the provision in the period.

Labor provisions. The Company and its subsidiaries maintain provisions of R$9 0.7 million as of December 31, 20 20 (R$98.0 million as of December 31, 20 19) for labor litigation filed by former employees and by employees of our service providers mainly contesting the non-payment of labor rights.

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Contingent liabilities. The Company and its subsidiaries are party to various tax, civil, environmental, regulatory and labor proceedings for which the risk of loss has been classified as either “possible” or “remote” by our in-house legal department and external advisors. Based on this assessment, we have not recorded provisions for proceedings with either a possible or remote risk of loss, pursuant to applicable accounting standards. The total amount involved in proceedings for which the risk of loss was classified as possible was R$3.2 4 billion as of December 31, 20 20 (R$2.84 billion as of December 31, 2 019).

Tax and social security contingent liabilities. The Company and its subsidiaries have tax and social security contingent liabilities of R$2.4 2 billion as of December 31, 20 20 (R$2.0 3 billion as of December 31, 201 9), as further described below.

Our subsidiary IPP and its subsidiaries have assessments invalidating the offset of excise tax (“IPI”) credits in connection with the purchase of raw materials used in the manufacturing of products which sales are not subject to IPI under the protection of tax immunity. The amount of this contingency was R$17 6.4 million as of December 31, 20 20 (R$1 73.7 million as of December 31, 201 9).

Our subsidiary IPP and its subsidiaries have legal proceedings related to ICMS. The total amount involved as of December 31, 20 20 in these proceedings, was R$958.1 million (R$836.8 million as of December 31, 201 9). Such proceedings arose mostly due to (i) the disregard of ICMS credits amounting to R$3 00.7 million (R$31 9.8 million as of December 31, 201 9), of which R$92.7 million (R$126.8 million as of December 31, 201 9) refer to proportional reversal requirement of ICMS credits related to the acquisition of hydrated alcohol; (ii) the alleged nonpayment in the amount of R$9 8.2 million (R$92.6 million as of December 31, 201 9); (iii) conditional use of tax incentive in the amount of R$1 19.9 million (R$1 17.8 million as of December 31, 201 9); and (iv) inventory differences in the amount of R$269.6 million (R$1 72.7 million as of December 31, 201 9) related to the leftovers or faults due to temperature changes or product handling.

We and our subsidiaries are parties to administrative and judicial suits involving income tax, social security contribution, PIS and COFINS, substantially about denials of offset claims and credits disallowance which total amount was R$709.3 million as of December 31, 20 20 (R$6 99.4 million as of December 31, 201 9).

One of said suits consists of a tax assessment related to the IRPJ and CSLL received by IPP, which results from the supposedly undue amortization of the goodwill paid in connection with its acquisition of a subsidiary, in the amount of R$2 12.4 million as of December 31, 20 20 (R$208.4 million as of December 31, 201 9), which includes income taxes, interest and penalties. Management assessed the likelihood of the tax assessment, supported by the opinion of our legal advisors, as “possible”, and therefore did not recognize a provision for this assessment.

Civil, environmental and regulatory contingent liabilities. The Company and its subsidiaries have civil, environmental and regulatory contingent liabilities in the total amount of R$561.7 million as of December 31, 20 20 (R$549.7 million as of December 31, 201 9), as further described below.

Our subsidiary Cia. Ultragaz is party to an administrative proceeding before CADE based on alleged anti-competitive practices in the s tate of Minas Gerais in 2001. CADE rendered a decision against Cia. Ultragaz and imposed a penalty of R$33.9 million as of December 31, 20 20 (R$33.6 million as of December 31, 201 9). This decision was suspended by a court order and its merit is being judicially reviewed.

In 2016, subsidiary Cia. Ultragaz also became a party to two administrative proceedings filed by CADE relating to allegations of anti-competitive practices:

1. The first proceeding relates to anti-competitive practices in the s tate of Paraíba and other Northeast States and also involves our subsidiary Bahiana. Both companies signed a Cease and Desist Agreement (“Termo de Compromisso de Cessação de Prática” – TCC), which was approved by CADE on November 22, 2017 pursuant to which they agreed to pay a penalty of R$96.0 million, in eight equal installments starting on the date corresponding to 180 days from the publication of CADE’s approval. These installments will be adjusted on a semiannual basis by the SELIC. In addition, three employees and a former employee of Ultragaz also signed the TCC and agreed to pay R$1.1 million in fines.
2. The second proceeding relates to anti-competitive practices in the Federal District and surrounding and involves only Cia. Ultragaz. Cia. Ultragaz signed a TCC with respect to this proceeding that was approved by CADE on September 6, 2017. Pursuant to the TCC, Cia. Ultragaz agreed to pay a penalty of R$2.2 million, in a single installment on the date corresponding to 180 days from the date of publication of CADE’s approval. Two former employees of Ultragaz also signed TCC and agreed to pay R$50 thousand each in fines. As a result of said TCC, the proceeding against Cia. Ultragaz will be suspended until final decision by CADE Tribunal.

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The subsidiary IPP became party to two administrative proceedings filed by CADE relat ed to allegations of anticompetitive practices in the city of Joinville, s tate of Santa Catarina and in the Federal District. The proce dure related to the anticompetitive acts of Joinville filed in October 2015 is ongoing (as of the date of this annual report two favorable votes and one unfavorable vote have been pronounced), while the Federal District proceeding, resulting from an administrative inquiry initiated in 2012 converted into a n administrative proceeding in June 2020, is in the defense presentation stage. Besides these, in April 2019, IPP received an administrative fine in the amount of R$40.7 million, for alleg e d ly influencing uniform commercial conduct am ong fuel resellers around the city of Belo Horizonte, state of Minas Gerais. In this case, the Company decided to challenge the penalty imposed by the competent judicial courts and thus the enforceability of the fine was suspended. Management did not reco rd a ny provision s for these proceeding s based on the opinion of outside legal counsel that classif ied the probability of loss as remote.

Certain former shareholders of RPR, CBPI and DPPI filed two lawsuits in the States of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro questioning the Share Exchange in connection with the acquisition of the Ipiranga Group in order to prevent the Company’s shareholders’ meeting that would deliberate on the Share Exchange from taking place. Decisions by administrative and judicial courts stated that there were no legal grounds for the request. Based on such administrative and court decisions, the Share Exchange was approved by the shareholders’ meeting of the companies on December 18, 2007. The lawsuit filed in the s tate of Rio de Janeiro terminated as a result of loss of interest to sue, due to the sale of the correspondent shareholding at Ultrapar. Regarding the lawsuit filed in the state of São Paulo, the former Ipiranga shareholders that filed the suit appealed the decision issued, and the court of appeals rejected this appeal and maintained the lower court’s decision. Nonetheless, such former shareholders filed a special appeal against such decision, which was also not admitted by the court of appeals. Against this specific decision on non-admittance, they filed an interlocutory appeal to forcibly refer the case records to the Brazilian High Court of Justice, where the merits of the special appeal were also denied. The former shareholders then filed a motion for clarification, which was also rejected by the High Court of Justice. Against both decisions, which respectively rejected the special appeal and the motion for clarification, they filed an extraordinary appeal, which was rejected by the Vice President of the High Court of Justice on March 3, 2018. On April 18, 2018, this decision became final and unappealable. In 2011, a new lawsuit in the s tate of Rio de Janeiro was filed by some of these former shareholders, questioning aspects of the Share Exchange. However, the High Court of Justice rendered a decision regarding a conflict of jurisdictions and ordered the remittance of this new lawsuit to the s tate of São Paulo, where it will be judged. These lawsuits were terminated in 2019.

On November 29, 2016, a technical opinion was issued by the Operational Support Center for Execution (Centro de Apoio Operacional à Execução – CAEX), a technical body linked to the São Paulo State Public Prosecutor (“MPE”), presenting a proposal setting forth an estimate of monetary damages for the alleged environmental impact caused by the fire on April 2, 2015 at the Santos Terminal of the subsidiary Tequimar. This technical opinion is non-binding, with no condemnatory or sanctioning nature, and will still be evaluated by the authorities and parties. The Company disagrees with the methodology and the assumptions adopted in the proposal and has been negotiating an agreement with the MPE and the Brazilian Federal Public Prosecutor (“MPF”), since the beginning of the investigation. As of the date of this annual report, no civil lawsuit has been filed on the matter. The negotiations relate to the indemnification of the alleged damages. On May 15, 2019, the subsidiary Tequimar signed a Partial Conduct Adjustment Commitment Agreement (“TAC”) in the amount of R$67.5 million with the MPE and MPF to indemnify diffuse and collective damages of any kind arising from the fish mortality and the damage caused to the ichthyofauna. The negotiations on indemnification of other alleged damages are still ongoing and, once concluded, may result in additional payments and potential liabilities related to the project costs that may affect the Company’s future financial results. In the criminal sphere, the MPF filed a lawsuit against the subsidiary Tequimar, which was serviced and submitted its defense to the complaint on June 19, 2018. On September 12, 2019, at a hearing before the federal court of Santos, the MPF and Tequimar agreed, and the judicial authority approved, the conditional suspension of the criminal proceedings for a period of 2 years, after which Tequimar shall be required to demonstrate the due performance of the Partial TAC signed, with the obligation of a complementary allocation of R$13.0 million to the Fisheries Management Project, and thus achieve the definitive dismissal of the criminal process. This amount was provisioned in 2019 and was paid in February 4, 2021. In addition, as of December 3 1, 20 20, there were contingent liabilities not recognized related to lawsuits in the amount of R$4.4 million (R$11.4 million as of December 31, 201 9). On December 31, 2019 and December 31, 202 0 there were no extrajudicial lawsuits. For more information see note 23 to our consolidated financial statements.

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Labor contingent liabilities. The Company and its subsidiaries have labor contingent liabilities in the total amount of R$256.3 million as of December 31, 2020 (R$2 62.3 million as of December 31, 201 9), as further described below.

In 1990, the Petrochemical Industry Labor Union (Sindiquímica), of which the employees of Oxiteno Nordeste (which was merged into Oxiteno in December 2019) and EMCA, companies located in the Camaçari Petrochemical Complex, are members, filed separate lawsuits against Oxiteno S.A. and EMCA seeking compliance with the fourth section of the collective labor agreement, which provided for a salary adjustment in lieu of the salary policies practiced. In that same year, a collective labor dispute was also filed by the Union of Employers (SINPEQ) against Sindiquímica, seeking the recognition of the inapplicability of such fourth section. The decisions rendered in the collective claims were favorable to the subsidiaries Oxiteno S.A. and EMCA and are final and unappealable. The collective labor dispute filed by Sindiquímica against SINPEQ became final in STF in October 2019 and remained unfavorable to SINPEQ. In 2010, some companies in the Camaçari Petrochemical Complex signed an agreement with Sindiquímica. In October 2015, Sindiquímica filed enforcement lawsuits against Oxiteno S.A and, in 2017, against EMCA, as these companies did not sign the 2010 agreement with Sindiquímica. A favorable decision was issued in favor of Oxiteno S.A., and this proceeding is currently awaiting judgment of the appeals filed by Sindiquímica and Oxiteno S.A. For EMCA, the lower court decision was favorable to the company, but was reversed at the Regional Labor Court of the 5th Region, it is currently pending a final judgment. In addition to collective actions, individual claims containing the same object have been filed.

Lubricants operation between IPP and Chevron. In the process of establishing the joint-venture between Chevron and subsidiary IPP, the companies agreed that each shareholder of the new company would be responsible for any claims arising out of any acts, facts or omissions prior to their formation. The liability provisions of the Chevron shareholder in the amount of R$101.7 million as of December 31, 20 20 (R$5.4 million as of December 31, 201 9) are reflected in the consolidated financial statements, as well as the contingent liabilities identified at the date of acquisition, whose provision amount of R$198.9 million was recognized as a business combination on December 1, 2017, with the balance of R$1 02.8 million as of December 31, 20 20 (R$1 88.1 million as of December 31, 201 9). The amount provisioned of Chevron’s liability recognized in the business combination will be reimbursed to subsidiary Iconic in the event of losses and an indemnity asset was hereby constituted in the same amount, without the need to establish a provision for uncollectible amounts.

Exclusion of ICMS from the PIS and COFINS base. On March 15, 2017, STF decided that ICMS is not included in the PIS and COFINS basis. All of our subsidiaries that are impacted by the decision have filed lawsuits to have this right, recognized by the court. For the subsidiaries Oxiteno S.A., Extrafarma, Tequimar, Tropical, Ipiranga, EMCA and Oleoquímica final and unappealable decisions were issued, and the respective subsidies to prove the amounts to be refunded were duly confirmed by management and recorded in results, up to the present year of 20 20, the amount of up to R$747.0 million (up to R$338.1 million as of December 31, 201 9). As a result of injunctions obtained, some subsidiaries have already excluded the ICMS in the amount of R$215.4 million until December 31, 20 20 (R$141.6 million as of December 31, 2019) from the PIS and COFINS calculation base. The amounts to be recovered from the other subsidiaries will be recognized to the extent that final and unappealable decisions of the individual actions are issued and the subsidies are confirmed. The Company’s management emphasizes that it is possible for the STF to modulate the effects of the judgment, either by restricting its effectiveness or determining when the decision will become effective, or by reinterpreting the value of ICMS to be excluded. After the decision of the STF has become final and unappealable, the Company’s management will assess the impact on the shares of its subsidiaries, which may result in a reduction in the claimed tax credits.

Antitrust matters

Acquisition of Liquigás Distribuidora S.A. The acquisition of 100% of Liquigás by Cia. Ultragaz S.A. was submitted to the antitrust authorities on April 7, 2017. On August 28, 2017, the General Superintendence issued a non-binding opinion objecting to the transaction. On February 28, 2018, CADE rejected the transaction relating the acquisition of Liquigás. The contract was automatically terminated, pursuant to which Ultragaz paid a fine on March 13, 2018, in favor of Petrobras in the amount of R$286.2 million as per the terms of original sale and purchase agreement.

Acquisition of Terminal Exportador de Álcool de Santos Ltda. (“TEAS”). The acquisition of 100% of TEAS, previously owned by Raízen Energia S.A. and Raízen Araraquara Açúcar e Álcool Ltda., by Terminal Químico de Aratu S.A. – TEQUIMAR, was duly submitted to the antitrust authorities on January 31, 2018. On February 9, 2018, the General Superintendence of CADE issued an opinion for the approval of the transaction without any restriction. On March 2, 2018, CADE issued a certificate attesting to the approval that was published on February 10, 2018. Closing of the acquisition took place on March 29, 2018.

2. Significant Changes

None.

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ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTI NG

1. Offer and Listing Details

Not required.

2. Plan of Distribution

Not applicable.

3. Markets

Our shares are listed on the São Paulo Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “UGPA3” and the ADSs are listed on NYSE under the symbol “UGP”.

4. Offer and Listing Details

Not required.

5. Plan of Distribution

Not applicable.

6. Markets

Our shares are listed on the São Paulo Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “UGPA3” and the ADSs are listed on NYSE under the symbol “UGP”.

ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMA TION

1. Share Capital

Not applicable.

B. Memorandum and Bylaws

We are registered with the commercial registry of the state of São Paulo under the registration number 35,300,109,724. Pursuant to chapter I, article 3 of our bylaws, our main corporate purpose is the investment of our capital in the trade, industry and agriculture sectors and in companies providing services, through the subscription for or acquisition of shares or quotas in other companies.

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General

Set forth below is a summary of selected significant provisions of our bylaws and the Brazilian Corporate Law, the rules and regulations of the CVM and the Novo Mercado listing segment of B3 regarding certain corporate matters applicable to us. This description does not purport to be complete and is qualified by reference to our bylaws, Brazilian Corporate Law, the rules and regulations of the CVM and the rules of the Novo Mercado.

In connection with the c onversion, at the e xtraordinary s hareholders’ m eeting and the special preferred s hareholders’ m eeting, both held on June 28, 2011, our shareholders approved (i) the conversion of all preferred shares into common shares at a ratio of one preferred share for one common share; (ii) changes to and consolidation of our bylaws; (iii) the Company’s adherence to the rules of the Novo Mercado of the B3; and (iv) the confirmation that the new provisions related to the rights of all Company’s shareholders in the event of a sale of control of the Company, pursuant to its new bylaws and the Novo Mercado regulations, are equivalent to the provisions of the Ultra S.A. shareholders’ agreement dated as of March 22, 2000. Such decisions became effective on the date the shares issued by the Company were admitted to trade at the Novo Mercado of the B3.

As a result of the Conversion, due to new capital structure, other shareholders’ rights are currently not applicable, for instance, the right to separate elections for the Board of Directors and Fiscal Council. On the other hand, common shareholders are entitled to voting rights in any matter.

Since our shares are listed on the Novo Mercado, we are required to comply with heightened requirements for corporate governance. In addition, we are not permitted to issue preferred shares or any shares with restricted voting rights while listed on this segment pursuant to its rules. As of January 2, 2018, the new rules for Novo Mercado came into effect. Despite the fact that the companies listed in this segment must fully comply with the regulations until the general shareholders’ meeting of 2022, our bylaws were already amended on April 10, 2019 to reflect these rules and therefore as of the date of this annual report we are in full compliance with such rules.

Description of Capital Stock

On April 10, 2019, the e xtraordinary and a nnual g eneral s hareholders’ m eeting approved a stock split of the shares issued by Ultrapar, so that each share would be represented by two shares of the same class and type. The stock split shall not involve any change in the capital stock, therefore being no alteration in the financial amount and shareholder participation in the Company’s capital stock. The share split was implemented on April 24, 2019, which was also the date that the corresponding stock split of our American Depositary Shares was implemented.

As of December 31, 2020, our subscribed and paid-in capital stock consisted of 1,115,005,712 common shares, all of which have equal voting and equity rights, with no par value, of which 26,964,736 common shares were held in treasury.

On February 24, 2021, our Board of Directors confirmed the issuance of 70,9 3 9 common shares within the limits of the authorized capital stock pursuant to Article 6 of the Company’s Bylaws, due to the partial exercise of the subscription warrants issued by the Company as of the approval of the Extrafarma transaction. These common shares have the same rights assigned to the other shares previously issued by the Company.

As of the date of this annual report, the Company’s capital stock is represented by 1,115,076,651 common shares, all of them nominative and with no par value.

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Subscription Warrants

As a result of the Extrafarma Transaction, the Company issued subscription warrants to the former Extrafarma shareholders which could potentially lead to the issuance of up to 6,411,244 shares, taking into account the stock split approved in April 2019 (3,205,622 shares prior to the April 2019 stock split). The subscription warrants were partially exercised in February 2020, August 2020 and February 2021, and the Company issued a total amount of 2,266,459 common shares. Therefore, as of the date of this annual report, the exercise of the remaining subscription warrants by the former Extrafarma shareholders could potentially lead to the issuance of up to 3,567,069 additional shares of Ultrapar. See “Item 4.A. Information on the Company — History and Development of the Company – Extrafarma”.

Voting Rights

Each common share entitles its holder to one vote at the matters of the shareholders’ meetings, in accordance with the Brazilian Corporate Law, our bylaws and the Novo Mercado regulations. For more detailed information with respect to the voting rights of our common shares see our Form 8-A filed with the SEC on August 15, 2011 in the section “Description of Capital Stock—Shareholders’ Meetings”.

Deregistration as Publicly-Held Company

We may only deregister as a publicly-held company if such deregistration is approved by a majority of the shareholders present at a shareholders’ meeting, which shall be conditioned to: (i) the launching of a public tender offer for the acquisition of all of our outstanding shares in accordance with the provisions of Brazilian Corporate Law, the CVM rules and regulations, the Novo Mercado regulation and our bylaws by us, our controlling shareholders or a group of controlling shareholders and (ii) the acceptance of at least two thirds (2/3) of the shareholders representing the free float that show up at the tender offer auction (whether by selling its shares or expressly agreeing with the deregistration), in which case we would become a privately-held company. The price offered for such outstanding shares must at least correspond to the fair value of such shares as set forth in the respective appraisal report issued by a specialized institution with proven experience hired by the offeror for the purposes of the tender offer.

Shareholders holding at least ten percent of the free float of our shares may require our management to call a special shareholders’ meeting to determine whether to perform another valuation using the same or a different valuation method. This request must be made within 15 days following the disclosure of the price to be paid for the shares in the public tender offer. If the new valuation price is equal to or lower than the original valuation price, the shareholders making such request as well as those who vote in its favor must reimburse the Company for any costs incurred in preparing the new appraisal report. If the new valuation price is higher than the original valuation price, the offeror shall then decide whether to proceed with the public tender offer observing the new price or withdraw the tender offer, in which case the Company will continue to be registered as a publicly-held company.

Withdrawal from the Novo Mercado

According to the new Novo Mercado Listing Rules – applicable as of January 2, 2018 – and to our bylaws approved at the e xtraordinary and a nnual g eneral s hareholders’ m eeting held on April 10, 2019, the withdrawal from the Novo Mercado may be: (i) voluntary; or (ii) mandatory, as a result of the violation of any the rules of the Novo Mercado or the deregistration as publicly-held company.

The withdrawal, however, shall only occur after the launching of a public tender offer for the Company’s outstanding shares, which shall (i) follow, as applicable, the CVM regulation that rules that the mandatory tender offer for the deregistration as publicly-held company (including the abovementioned possibility to request a second valuation report); and (ii) be launched at a fair price, as appointed in the appraisal report issued by a specialized institution with proven experience for the purposes of the tender offer; and (ii) be approved by at least one third (1/3) of the shareholders representing the free float that participate in the tender offer auction (whether by selling its shares or expressly agreeing with the withdrawal from the Novo Mercado).

The obligation to launch such public tender offer, however, may be waived by the majority of the shareholders representing the Company’s free float present at the shareholders’ meeting convened to resolve on that matter. Such shareholders’ meeting may be held on first call with the attendance of shareholders representing two thirds (2/3) of the free float or, on second call, with the attendance of any number of shareholders representing the free float.

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The withdrawal from the Novo Mercado does not necessarily result in our deregistration as a publicly-held company on the B3.

If the Company participates in a corporate reorganization involving the transfer of its shareholders’ base to a company that is not listed in the Novo Mercado, such resulting company or companies must apply for listing on Novo Mercado within one hundred and twenty (120) days from the date of the general shareholders meeting that approved the reorganization, unless the majority of the shareholders representing the Company’s free float present at such shareholders’ meeting agrees with the non-listing of the resulting company.

Pursuant to the new rules of the Novo Mercado and to our new bylaws, the voluntary withdrawal shall be preceded by a public tender offer at fair market value. For the withdrawal to move forward, shareholders representing more than one third (1/3) of the outstanding shares shall need to accept the tender offer or expressly agree to delist without selling the shares.

According to the rules of the Novo Mercado, in the event of a transfer of our shareholding control within 12 months following our delisting from the Novo Mercado, the selling controlling shareholder(s) and the acquirer must offer to acquire the remaining shares for the same price and terms offered to the selling controlling shareholders, duly updated, or pay the difference, if any, between the tender offer price accepted by the former shareholders, duly updated, and the price obtained by the controlling shareholder in selling its shares.

Sale of Control

In the event of a direct or indirect sale of the Company’s shareholding control, through a single or series of transactions, the acquirer must conduct a public tender offer for all shares held by the remaining shareholders in order to ensure equal treatment of all shareholders (tag-along right). Such right has been provided to Ultrapar’s shareholders since March 22, 2000, in accordance with the terms of the Ultra S.A. shareholders’ agreement signed on the same date, which has since then been rescinded and replaced by our bylaws. The tender offer is subject to applicable laws and regulations, our bylaws and the rules of the Novo Mercado.

A public tender offer is also required when there is an assignment for consideration of share subscription rights or rights of other securities convertible into our shares, which results in the transfer of control of the Company. In such case, the acquiring shareholder must (i) complete a public tender offer for our remaining shares on the same terms and conditions offered to the selling shareholder and (ii) according to our bylaws, reimburse the counterparties from whom it has acquired our shares on the stock exchange in the six-month period preceding the transaction which resulted in a change in control. The reimbursement amount corresponds to the positive difference between the price paid to the selling shareholder in the transaction that resulted in a change of control and the adjusted price paid in the transactions carried out on the B3 during this six-month period, as adjusted by the SELIC rate up until the payment date.

The buyer of a controlling interest shall, after the financial settlement of the foregoing tender offer, take the appropriate actions to, over the course of the subsequent 18 months, restore the minimum percentage of outstanding shares as per the rules of the Novo Mercado.

Acquisition of a Relevant Interest

Any person, regardless of whether he/she is a shareholder, which, on his/her own account or acting jointly with another person, acquires our shares, through a single transaction or a series of successive transactions, representing 20% or more of our capital stock, is required to make a tender offer for the acquisition of the shares held by the remaining shareholders at a price equal to the highest value per share paid by him/her in the preceding six months, adjusted pursuant to the SELIC rate. Such persons will not be required to carry out a public tender offer in the event they timely and cumulatively sell on a stock exchange the number of our shares that exceeds such thresholds, within 30 days from the date they provide notice to the Company of their intent to make such sales. In addition, the requirement to carry out a public tender offer will not apply in the event any shareholder or group of shareholders hold more than 50% of our capital stock at the time of acquisition of the relevant interest.

Public Tender Offers

A single public tender offer may be launched for more than one of the purposes provided for in our bylaws, the Novo Mercado Listing rules, the Brazilian Corporate Law or in the regulations issued by the CVM, provided that the procedures used when conducting the unified public tender offer are compatible with all requirements of each individual public tender offer, the public tender offers do not suffer any damages and the authorization of the CVM is obtained, when required by the applicable law.

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C. Material Contracts

2018 Shareholders’ Agreement

On May 2, 2018, Ultra S.A. and Parth executed a shareholders’ agreement to set forth a set of rules to govern the relationship between these two shareholders, binding on December 31, 2019 a total of shares representing 29.4% of the Company’s capital stock. This shareholders’ agreement replaced the Ultra S.A. shareholders’ agreement executed in 2014 and should be in force for a period of five years, automatically renewable for an equal period, except if a termination notice is sent by one party to the other up to six (6) months before the end of its term. The 2018 S hareholders A greement’s main terms were substantially related to (i) the decision process of how Ultra S.A., Parth and its shareholders should vote at Ultrapar’s shareholders meetings; (ii) procedures to exchange any party’s shares in Ultra S.A. or in Parth for shares of Ultrapar; and (iii) procedures applicable to the exercise of right of first refusal, preemptive rights and drag along rights. Additionally, any third party purchasing Ultra S.A.’s shares bound by the shareholders’ agreement must agree to be bound by the shareholders’ agreement. See “Exhibit 2.7 — 2018 Shareholders’ Agreement, dated as of May 2, 2018”.

20 20 Shareholders’ Agreement

On August 18, 20 20, Ultra S.A. and Parth entered into the 2020 Shareholders’ Agreement to include P á tria, in its capacity as Ultra S.A.'s shareholder then holding a 20% stake in Ultra S.A.'s capital stock, as consenting intervening party, therefore bound by the provisions of the 2020 Shareholders' Agreement. The 2020 Shareholders’ Agreement replaced the 2018 Shareholders’ Agreement in its entirety, and the terms and conditions remain substantially the same of the latter. As of the date of this annual report, the 2020 Shareholders' Agreement binds a total of shares representing 34.5% of the Company’s capital stock. See “Exhibit 2.13—2020 Shareholders’ Agreement, dated as of August 18, 2020”.

Association and Other Covenants Agreement — Extrafarma

On September 30, 2013, Ultrapar, Extrafarma, Paulo Correa Lazera, Katia Correa Lazera, Pedro José Correa Lazera, Roberto Correa Lazera, Tania Lazera Lima Paes, Tereza Lazera Kemp and Sandra Correa Lazera, each individual being a former shareholder of Extrafarma entered into an Association and Other Covenants Agreement to effect the merger of shares (incorporação de ações) of Extrafarma with Ultrapar. See “Exhibit 4.17 – Summary of the Association and Other Covenants Agreement, dated September 30, 2013”.

Notes in the foreign market

In October 2016, the subsidiary Ultrapar International S.A. issued notes in the international market in the principal amount of US$750 million, with maturity in October 2026 and interest rate of 5.25% per annum, with interest payable semiannually. The issue price was 98.097% of its face value. The notes are jointly and unconditionally guaranteed by Ultrapar and by the subsidiary IPP. See “Exhibit 2.9 – Indenture, dated as of October 6, 2016”.

In June 2019, the subsidiary Ultrapar International repurchased US$200 million in notes due 2026.

In June 2019, the subsidiary Ultrapar International S.A. issued notes in the international market in the principal amount of US$500 million, with maturity in June 2029 and interest rate of 5.25% per annum, with interest payable semiannually. The issue price was 100% of its face value. The notes are jointly and unconditionally guaranteed by Ultrapar and by the subsidiary IPP. See “Exhibit 2.10 – Indenture, dated as of June 6, 2019”.

In July 2020, Ultrapar reopened its 2029 notes issued in the international market and issued additional notes in the total amount of US$ 350.0 million at a n interest rate of 5.25% per year with the same characteristics of the 2029 notes (Item 5.B. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Indebtedness—Notes in the Foreign Market”.

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As a result of the issuance of the notes in the foreign market, Ultrapar and its subsidiaries are required to perform certain obligations, including:

- Restriction on sale of all or substantially all assets of Ultrapar and subsidiaries Ultrapar International and IPP;
- Restriction on encumbrance of assets exceeding US$150 million or 15% of the amount of the consolidated tangible assets.

Ultrapar and its subsidiaries are in compliance with the levels of covenants required by this debt. The restrictions imposed on Ultrapar and its subsidiaries are customary in transactions of this nature and have not limited their ability to conduct their business to date.

Debentures

In March 2018, Ultrapar completed its sixth issuance of R$1,725.0 million in public debentures, which mature in March 2023 and bear interest at 105.25% of DI, with principal due at maturity. The proceeds of the issuance were used to redeem 800 debentures from the fifth issuance at the final maturity date and to lengthen its debt profile, providing greater financial flexibility.

For more information on our debentures, see “Item 5.B. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Indebtedness”.

Banco do Brasil

Our subsidiary IPP entered into several loan agreements with Banco do Brasil S.A. to finance the marketing, processing or manufacturing of agricultural goods (particularly ethanol). The loan agreements contain certain financial penalties for failure to make required payments, limits on permitted usages of the borrowed amounts (which are linked to certain agricultural products expenditures) and loan acceleration clauses. In addition, these agreements contain cross default clauses, requiring the principal and accrued interest to be paid in full for certain events.

Promissory Notes

In April 2020, Ultrapar completed its second public issuance of notes in the principal amount of R$1,000.0 million with maturity in A p ril 2021 and bearing interest at DI + 3.1% per annum, payable semiannually, with principal due at maturity. The proceeds of the issuance were used to finance working capital.

For further detail on financial instruments of Ultrapar and its subsidiaries, see n ote 16 to our consolidated financial statements and “Item 5.B. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Indebtedness”.

Other material contracts are described in other sections of this report

For information regarding our contract with Braskem relating to the supply of ethylene, see “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business Overview—Petrochemicals and Chemicals—Oxiteno—Ethylene Supply” and “Item 5.F. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations”.

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D. Exchange Controls

There are no restrictions on ownership of our common shares or ADS by individual or legal entities domiciled outside Brazil. However, the right to convert dividend payments, interest on shareholders’ equity payments, and proceeds from the sale of our shares into foreign currency and to remit such amounts abroad is subject to restrictions under foreign investment legislation, which generally require, among other things, that the relevant investment be registered with the Central Bank and the CVM.

Foreign investors may register their investment in our shares under Law 4,131, dated as of September 3, 1962, as amended, or Law 4,131, or under Resolution No. 4,373, dated as of September 29, 2014 (which replaced Resolution No. 2,689, dated of January 26, 2000), or Resolution No. 4,373. Registration under Resolution No. 4,373 affords favorable tax treatment to foreign investors who are not residents in a “tax haven” jurisdiction (i.e. countries that do not impose income tax or where the maximum income tax rate is lower than 20%), as defined by Brazilian tax laws.

Portfolio foreign investments are regulated by Resolution No. 4,373 and CVM Resolution 13, as amended, or CVM Resolution 13. Resolution No. 4,373 provides that foreign investors may invest in financial and capital markets in Brazil, including by means of the issuance of depositary receipts in foreign markets in respect of shares of Brazilian issuers, provided that certain requirements are fulfilled.

Under Resolution No. 4,373, foreign investors may invest in the same instruments and operational modalities available to the investors residing or domiciled in Brazil. The definition of foreign investor includes individuals, legal entities, funds and other collective investment entities, residing, domiciled or headquartered abroad.

Pursuant to Annex I of Resolution No. 4,373 and CVM Resolution 13, among the requirements applicable, in order to invest in Brazil under the mentioned resolution, a foreign investor must:

- appoint at least one representative in Brazil, which must be a financial institution or other institution authorized to operate by the Central Bank of Brazil. The local representative appointed by the foreign investor shall be responsible for performing and updating the registration of the investments made by the foreign investor with the Central Bank of Brazil, as well as the registration of the foreign investor with the CVM;
- through its representative in Brazil, register itself as a foreign investor with the CVM;
- through its representative in Brazil, register its foreign investment with the Central Bank; and
- appoint an authorized custodian in Brazil for its investments, which must be a financial institution or entity duly authorized by the Central Bank or CVM. Pursuant to article 2, §4º of the Annex I of Resolution No. 4,373, individuals are not subject to this requirement

Securities and other financial assets held by non-Brazilian investors pursuant to Annex I Resolution No. 4,373 must be registered or maintained in deposit accounts or under the custody of an entity duly authorized by the Central Bank or the CVM, as applicable, or be registered with clearing houses and other entities that provide services of registration, clearing and settlement duly licensed by the Brazilian Central Bank or the CVM, as applicable. In the case of Depositary Receipts (DRs), the record must be made by the Brazilian custodian entity on behalf of the foreign depositary institution.

Annex II of Resolution No. 4,373 of the National Monetary Council provides for the issuance of depositary receipts in foreign markets in respect of shares of Brazilian issuers.

For purposes of the mandatory registration with the Central Bank of Brazil of foreign investments in the Brazilian financial and capital markets, Resolution No. 4,373 expressly provides that simultaneous foreign exchange transactions (i.e. without effective transfer of funds to or from abroad) shall be required in specific situations, including (i) conversion of credits held by foreign investors in Brazil into foreign investment in the financial and capital markets; (ii) transfer of investments made in depositary receipts to the modality of foreign direct investments (or investimento estrangeiro direto) under Law No. 4,131 or investments in the Brazilian financial and capital markets under Annex I of Resolution. No. 4,373; and (iii) transfer of investments in the Brazilian financial and capital markets under Annex I of Resolution. No. 4,373 to the modality of foreign direct investments (or investimento estrangeiro direto) under Law No. 4,131.

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In addition, Resolution No. 4,373 does not allow foreign investors to perform investments or sell the invested assets outside of organized markets, except as expressly authorized by the CVM through specific regulation or according to the exceptions provided in CVM Resolution 13. Pursuant to CVM Resolution 13, the exceptions for investments outside of organized markets include subscription, stock bonus, initial public offers and the exercise of put options for shareholders that remain following a tender offer, among others.

Foreign investors must be registered with the Brazilian Internal Revenue Service (“Receita Federal”) pursuant to the Nominative Instruction 1,863, dated as of December 27, 2018 and Nominative Instruction 1,548, dated as of February 13, 2015. This registration process is undertaken by the investor’s legal representative in Brazil.

The right to convert dividend payments and proceeds from the sale of our shares into foreign currency and to remit such amounts outside Brazil is subject to restrictions under foreign investment legislation which generally requires, among other things, that the relevant investment be registered with the Central Bank and the CVM.

We have obtained a certificate of registration in the name of The Bank of New York Mellon, the depositary, with respect to our ADS program. Pursuant to this certificate, the custodian and the depositary are able to convert dividends and other distributions with respect to the shares represented by ADSs into foreign currency and to remit the proceeds outside Brazil. In order for a holder of our ADSs to surrender its ADSs for the purpose of withdrawing the shares represented thereby, the investor is required to register as a Resolution No. 4,373 investor and meet the requirements mentioned above, as well as register its investment with the Central Bank. If the investor’s representatives fail to obtain or update the relevant certificates of registration, the investor may incur additional expenses or be subject to operational delays which could affect its ability to receive dividends or distributions relating to the shares or the return of its capital in a timely manner. An investor who surrenders its ADSs and withdraws the shares thereunder may be subject to less favorable Brazilian tax treatment on the gains from the disposition of the investment than a holder of ADSs.

Under Brazilian law, whenever there is a serious imbalance in Brazil’s balance of payments or reasons to foresee a serious imbalance, the Brazilian government may impose temporary restriction on the remittance of foreign currency abroad and on the conversion of Brazilian currency into foreign currencies. Such restrictions may hinder or prevent the custodian or holders who have exchanged ADSs for underlying shares from converting distributions or the proceeds from any sale of such shares, as the case may be, into U.S. dollars and remitting such proceeds abroad.

E. Taxation

This description does not purport to be a comprehensive description of all of the tax considerations that may be relevant to any particular investor, including tax considerations that arise from rules of general application to all taxpayers or to certain classes of investors or that are generally assumed to be known by investors.

This summary is based upon tax laws of Brazil and the United States as of the date of this annual report, which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect, and to differing interpretations. Investors who hold our shares and ADSs should consult their own tax advisors as to the Brazilian, U.S. or other tax considerations relating to the ownership and disposition of shares or ADSs, including, in particular, the effect of any non-U.S., state or local tax laws.

The tax considerations described below do not take into account the effects of a possible future bilateral income tax treaty between Brazil and the United States. We cannot assure you as to whether or when an income tax treaty will enter into force or how it will affect U.S. Holders of our shares or ADSs.

This summary does not address any tax issues that affect solely the Company, such as deductibility of expenses.

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Brazilian Tax Consequences

General. The following discussion summarizes the main Brazilian tax considerations relating to the ownership and disposal of our shares or ADSs, as the case may be, by a holder that is not domiciled in Brazil for purposes of Brazilian taxation and, in the case of shares, has registered its investment in such securities with the Central Bank as a direct investment (in each case, a “Non-Brazilian Holder”). The following discussion does not address all of the Brazilian tax considerations applicable to any particular Non-Brazilian Holder. Therefore, each Non-Brazilian Holder should consult his or her own tax advisors concerning the Brazilian tax considerations relating to an investment in our shares or ADSs.

Law No. 12,973 enacted on May 13, 2014 established new rules regarding the withholding tax exemption available on the payment of dividends and interest on capital. The legislation had no material impact, as foreseen by the tax consultants in the 20-F form in the previous year.

Taxation of dividends. Dividends paid by us, including stock dividends and other dividends paid in property, to the depositary in respect of the shares, or to a Non-Brazilian Holder in respect of shares, are currently exempted from withholding tax in Brazil to the extent that the dividends are paid out of profits as of January 1, 1996. Dividends relating to profits generated prior to January 1, 1996 may be subject to Brazilian withholding income tax at varying rates, depending on the year the profits were generated.

Interpretation of the Discussion on the Definition of “Favorable Tax Jurisdiction”. On June 4, 2010, Brazilian tax authorities enacted Normative Instruction 1,037 listing (i) the countries and jurisdictions considered as favorable tax jurisdiction or where local legislation does not allow access to information related to the shareholding composition of legal entities to their ownership or to the identity of the effective beneficiary of the income attributed to non-residents, or “tax haven” jurisdictions, and (ii) the privileged tax regimes, whose definition is provided by Law No. 11,727, dated as of June 23, 2008. Although we believe that the best interpretation of the current tax legislation could lead to the conclusion that the above mentioned “privileged tax regime” concept should apply solely for purposes of Brazilian transfer pricing, thin capitalization and controlled foreign company rules, we cannot assure you whether subsequent legislation or interpretations by the Brazilian tax authorities regarding the definition of a “privileged tax regime” provided by Law No. 11,727/08 will also apply to a Non-Brazilian Holder on payments potentially made by a Brazilian source.

Moreover, on November 28, 2014, due to the enactment of Ordinance No. 488, the definition of a favorable tax jurisdiction, for the purposes described above, was changed from jurisdictions where there is no income tax, or the income tax applicable rate is inferior to 20%, to jurisdictions where there is no income tax, or the income tax applicable rate is inferior to 17% (if the country is aligned with the international standards of fiscal transparency defined by Brazilian legislation).

We recommend prospective investors consult their own tax advisors from time to time to verify any possible tax consequences arising of Normative Ruling No. 1,037/10 and Law No. 11,727/08. If the Brazilian tax authorities determine that the concept of “privileged tax regime” provided by Law No. 11,727/08 will also apply to a Non-Resident Holder on payments potentially made by a Brazilian source, the withholding income tax applicable to such payments could be assessed at a rate up to 25%.

Payments of interest on capital. Law No. 9,249, dated as of December 26, 1995, permits Brazilian corporations to make distributions to shareholders of interest on capital, or interest attributed to shareholders’ equity.

These distributions may be paid in cash and such payments represent a deductible expense from the payer’s corporate income tax and social contribution tax basis. This interest is limited to the daily pro rata variation of the Federal Government’s long-term interest rate, as determined by the Central Bank from time to time, and cannot exceed the greater of:

- 50% of net income (after the social contribution on net profits and before the provision for corporate income tax, and the amounts attributable to shareholders as interest on net equity) for the fiscal year; or
- 50% of the sum of retained profits and profits reserves.

Any payment of interest on capital to shareholders (including holders of ADSs in respect of shares) is subject to a withholding income tax at a rate of 15%, or 25% if the Non-Brazilian Holder is domiciled in a “tax haven” jurisdiction (“Tax Haven Holder”). These payments may be included, net of withholding income taxes, as part of any mandatory dividend.

Under the Decree 8,426 of 2015 the payment of interest on capital are also subjected to PIS and COFINS at a rate of 9.25%.

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To the extent that payments of interest on capital are included as part of a mandatory dividend, we are required to distribute an additional amount to ensure that the net amount received by shareholders, after payment of the applicable withholding income tax, is at least equal to the mandatory dividend.

Distributions of interest on net equity to foreign holders may be converted into U.S. dollars and remitted outside Brazil, subject to applicable exchange controls, to the extent that the investment is registered with the Central Bank.

We cannot assure you if our Board of Directors will determine that future distributions should be made by means of dividends or interest on capital.

Taxation of gains. According to Law No. 10,833, dated as of December 29, 2003, the gains recognized on a disposal of assets located in Brazil, such as our shares, by a Non-Brazilian Holder, are subject to withholding income tax in Brazil. This rule is applicable regardless of whether the disposal is conducted in Brazil or abroad and/or if the disposal is or is not made to an individual or entity resident or domiciled in Brazil.

As a general rule, capital gains realized as a result of a disposal transaction are the positive difference between the amount realized on the disposal of the shares and the respective acquisition cost.

Capital gains realized by Non-Brazilian Holders on the disposal of shares sold on the Brazilian stock exchange (which includes the transactions carried out on the organized over-the-counter market):

- are subject to the withholding income tax at a zero percent rate when realized by a Non-Brazilian Holder that (i) has registered its investment in Brazil before the Central Bank under the rules of the Brazilian Monetary Counsel (“Registered Holder”) and (ii) is not a Tax Haven Holder; and
- are subject to income tax at a rate of 15% with respect to gains realized by a Non-Brazilian Holder that is not a Registered Holder (including a Non-Brazilian Holder who qualifies under Law No. 4,131/62) and gains earned by Tax Haven Holders that are Registered Holders. In this case, a withholding income tax of 0.005% shall be applicable and can be offset against any income tax due on the capital gain.

Any other gains realized on the disposal of shares that are sold on the Brazilian stock exchange or on the organized over-the-counter market:

- are subject to income tax at a rate of 15% when realized by any Non-Brazilian Holder that is not a Tax Haven Holder, no matter if a Registered Holder or not; and
- are subject to income tax at a rate of 25% when realized by a Tax Haven Holder, no matter if a Registered Holder or not.

In the cases above, if the gains are related to transactions conducted on the Brazilian non-organized over-the-counter market with intermediation, the withholding income tax of 0.005% shall also be applicable on the gross proceeds and can be offset against any income tax due on the capital gain.

Any exercise of preemptive rights relating to shares will not be subject to Brazilian income tax. Gains realized by a Non-Brazilian Holder on the disposal of preemptive rights will be subject to Brazilian income tax according to the same rules applicable to disposal of shares.

There can be no assurance that the current favorable tax treatment of Registered Holders will continue in the future.

Furthermore, according to the general rules set forth in Law No. 13,259/2016, any other gains on the disposal of shares (out of the Brazilian stock exchange and qualified under Law No. 4131/62) are subject to income tax at a progressive rate from 15% to 22.5% or 25% if the resident is located in a low-tax jurisdiction or Tax Haven.

Sale of ADS and shares by non-Brazilian Holders to other non-residents in Brazil

Pursuant to Section 26 of Law No. 10,833, published on December 29, 2003, the sale of property located in Brazil involving non-resident investors is subject to Brazilian income tax as of February 1, 2004. Our understanding is that ADSs do not qualify as property located in Brazil and, thus, should not be subject to the Brazilian withholding tax. Insofar as the regulatory norm referred to in Section 26 is generic and since, at the present time, no definitive jurisprudence provided by Brazilian Superior Courts has been established with respect to this matter, we are unable to assure the final outcome of such discussion.

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Gains on the exchange of ADS for shares

Although there is no clear regulatory guidance, the exchange of ADSs for shares should not be subject to Brazilian income tax. Non-Brazilian Holders may exchange their ADSs for the underlying shares, sell the shares on a Brazilian stock exchange and remit abroad the proceeds of the sale within five business days from the date of exchange (in reliance on the depositary’s electronic registration). For further information, see “—Taxation of Bonds and Securities Transactions (IOF/Bonds)”. Our understanding is that the exchange of ADSs for the underlying shares and sale of shares within the period mentioned above by a Non-Brazilian Holder that (i) is a Registered Holder and (ii) is not a Tax Haven Holder, should not be subject to the withholding income tax.

Upon receipt of the underlying shares in exchange for ADSs, Non-Brazilian Holders may also elect to register with the Central Bank the U.S. dollar value of such shares as a foreign portfolio investment under the rules of the Brazilian Monetary Counsel, which will entitle them to the tax treatment referred above in connection with Registered Holders.

Alternatively, the Non-Brazilian Holder is also entitled to register with the Central Bank the U.S. dollar value of such shares as a foreign direct investment under Law No. 4,131/62, in which case the respective sale would be subject to the tax treatment of Non-Brazilian Holders that are not Registered Holders.

Gains on the exchange of shares for ADS

The deposit of shares in exchange for the ADSs may be subject to Brazilian income tax on capital gains if the amount previously registered with the Central Bank as a foreign investment in shares (direct investment registered under Law No. 4,131/62) or, in the case of Registered Holders, the acquisition cost of the shares, as the case may be, is lower than:

- the average price per share on the Brazilian stock exchange on which the greatest number of such shares were sold on the day of the deposit; or
- if no shares were sold on that day, the average price on the Brazilian stock exchange on which the greatest number of shares were sold during the 15 preceding trading sessions.

The difference between the amount previously registered, or the acquisition cost, as the case may be, and the average price of the shares, calculated as set forth above, is considered a capital gain subject to income tax at a rate of 15%, or 25% for Tax Haven Holders.

Taxation of Foreign Exchange Transactions (IOF/Exchange). IOF/Exchange is imposed on the conversion of Reais into foreign currency and on the conversion of foreign currency into Reais. In the case of the settlement of foreign exchange transactions for the flow of capital into the country, made by foreign investors, for transactions in the financial and capital markets, the applicable rate is 0%. The Brazilian Federal Government is permitted to increase the rate at any time, up to 25%. However, any increase in rates only applies to future transactions.

Taxation of Bonds and Securities Transactions (IOF/Bonds). Law No. 8,894, dated as of June 21, 1994, created the IOF/Bonds, which may be imposed on any transaction involving bonds and securities, even if the transaction includes Brazilian stock, futures or commodities exchange. The Federal Supreme Court of Brazil decided that the transfer of shares shall be taxed by IOF/Bonds. The current rate of IOF/Bonds with respect to transactions of shares is 0%. Regarding the ADSs, under the Decree No. 8,165, from December 23, 2013 which amended the Decree No. 6,306, from December 14, 2007, the IOF/Bonds rate applicable to the transfer of shares listed on the Brazilian stock exchange, with the specific purpose of guaranteeing the issuance of depositary receipts in the foreign market, is currently 0%. The Brazilian government may increase the rate up to 1.5% per day during the terms of the securities, but only with respect to future transactions relating to shares or ADSs.

Other Brazilian Taxes. Some Brazilian states impose gift and inheritance tax on gifts or bequests made by individuals or entities not domiciled or residing in Brazil to individuals or entities domiciled or residing within such states. There are no Brazilian stamp, issue, registration, or similar taxes or duties payable by holders of shares or ADSs.

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U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations

The following is a discussion of U.S. federal income tax considerations relating to the ownership and disposition of our shares or ADSs, but it does not purport to be a comprehensive description of all the tax considerations that may be relevant to U.S. Holders of our shares or ADSs. The discussion applies only to a U.S. Holder that holds our shares or ADSs as capital assets (generally, for investment purposes) for U.S. federal income tax purposes and does not address all the U.S. federal income tax considerations that may be relevant to a holder in light of its particular circumstances or to holders subject to special rules, such as dealers and traders in securities or currencies, financial institutions, insurance companies, tax-exempt entities, real estate investment trusts, regulated investment companies, persons that own, or have owned directly, indirectly or constructively, 10% or more of our shares (by vote or value) for U.S. federal income tax purposes, persons holding our shares or ADSs as part of a hedging transaction, wash sale, straddle, conversion transaction or other integrated transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes, persons entering into a “constructive sale” with respect to our shares or ADSs for U.S. federal income tax purposes, persons that have a functional currency for U.S. federal income tax purposes other than the U.S. dollar, certain former citizens or long-term residents of the United States, persons who acquired our shares or ADSs pursuant to the exercise of any employee stock option or otherwise as compensation.

Moreover, this discussion does not address the U.S. federal estate and gift tax, Medicare contribution or alternative minimum tax considerations relating to the ownership or disposition of our shares or ADSs. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors with respect to the U.S. federal, state, local and non-U.S. tax considerations relating to the ownership and disposition of our shares or ADSs.

This discussion is based on the Code, administrative pronouncements, judicial decisions and final, temporary and proposed U.S. Treasury regulations, in each case as in effect and available on the date hereof. All of the foregoing is subject to change (possibly on a retroactive basis), or differing interpretations, which could affect the U.S. federal income tax considerations described herein. There can be no assurance that the IRS or a court will not take a contrary position with respect to any U.S. federal income tax considerations described below. In addition, this discussion assumes that each obligation provided for in or otherwise contemplated by the Deposit Agreement and any other related document will be performed in accordance with its terms.

For purposes of this discussion, a “U.S. Holder” is a beneficial owner of our shares or ADSs that is for U.S. federal income tax purposes (i) a citizen or individual resident of the United States, (ii) a corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation, created or organized under the laws of the United States or any political subdivision thereof, (iii) an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source, or (iv) a trust, (1) if such trust has validly elected to be treated as a U.S. person for U.S. federal income tax purposes, or (2) if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over its administration and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all of the substantial decisions of such trust.

If a partnership, or any other entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for U.S. federal tax income tax purposes, holds shares or ADSs, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a partner in such partnership will generally depend on the status of the partner and on the activities of the partnership. Partnerships holding our shares or ADSs and partners in such partnerships should consult their tax advisors as to the particular U.S. federal income tax considerations of owning and disposing of our shares or ADSs.

Ownership of ADSs in general

In general, U.S. Holders of ADSs will be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as owners of the shares underlying the ADSs. Accordingly, no gain or loss will be recognized if a U.S. Holder exchanges ADSs for the underlying shares represented by those ADSs or exchanges the underlying shares represented by those ADSs for ADSs.

Taxation of distributions

Subject to the discussion below under “—Passive foreign investment company”, the gross amount of any distributions made to a U.S. Holder on our shares or ADSs, before reduction for any Brazilian taxes, including withholding taxes attributable to interest on equity, will be includable as ordinary dividend income on the day on which the dividends are actually or constructively received by a U.S. Holder to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes. A distribution in excess of our current or accumulated earnings and profits will be treated as a non-taxable return of capital to the extent of the U.S. Holder’s adjusted basis in our shares or ADSs and as a capital gain to the extent it exceeds the U.S. Holder’s basis. We do not maintain calculations of our earnings and profits under U.S. federal income tax principles. Therefore, U.S. Holders should expect that distributions by us will generally be treated as dividends to U.S. Holders for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

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A non-corporate U.S. Holder will be subject to tax at the lower capital gain tax rate applicable to “qualified dividend income”, provided that certain conditions are satisfied, including that (1) our shares or ADSs, as applicable, are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States, (2) we are neither a PFIC nor treated as such with respect to a U.S. Holder (as discussed below) for the taxable year in which the dividend was paid and the preceding taxable year, and (3) certain holding period requirements are met. Although no assurance may be given, we believe that our ADSs are readily tradable on the NYSE, which is an established securities market in the United States. There can be no assurance, however, that our ADSs will be considered readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States in later years. Because we do not expect that our shares will be listed on an established securities market in the United States, we do not expect that dividends we pay on our shares will meet the conditions required for the reduced tax rate.

Dividends paid to U.S. Holders in Reais will be includable in income in a U.S. dollar amount based on the exchange rate in effect on the date of actual or constructive receipt whether or not converted into U.S. dollars at that time. If dividends received in Reais are converted into U.S. dollars on the day they are actually or constructively received, the U.S. Holder will generally not be required to recognize foreign currency gain or loss in respect of the dividend income. Assuming the payment is not converted at that time, the U.S. Holder will have a tax basis in Reais equal to that U.S. dollar amount, which will be used to measure gain or loss from subsequent changes in exchange rates. Any gain or loss that a U.S. Holder recognizes on a subsequent conversion of Reais into U.S. dollars (or other disposition) will generally be U.S. source ordinary income or loss for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes.

Dividends on our shares or ADSs received by a U.S. Holder will generally be treated as foreign source income and will generally constitute passive category income for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes. Subject to certain conditions and limitations under U.S. federal income tax law concerning credits or deductions for non-U.S. taxes and certain exceptions for short-term and hedged positions, a Brazilian withholding tax imposed on dividends would be treated as a foreign income tax eligible for credit against a U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability (or at a U.S. Holder’s election may be deducted in computing taxable income if the U.S. Holder has elected to deduct all foreign income taxes for the taxable year). The rules with respect to foreign tax credits are complex and U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the availability of the foreign tax credit under their circumstances.

Taxation of sale, exchange or other disposition of shares or ADSs

Subject to the discussion below under “—Passive foreign investment company”, a U.S. Holder will generally recognize gain or loss on the sale, exchange or other disposition of a share or ADS in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized (including the gross amount of the proceeds before the reduction of any Brazilian tax) on such sale, exchange or other disposition and the U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in such share or ADS. Subject to the discussion below under “—Passive foreign investment company”, gain or loss on the sale, exchange or other disposition of a share or ADS will be capital gain or loss and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Holder held such share or ADS for more than one year. Gain or loss recognized by a U.S. Holder will generally be treated as U.S. source gain or loss for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes, as the case may be. An individual U.S. Holder may be entitled to preferential rates of taxation for net long-term capital gains; however, the deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations under the Code.

A U.S. Holder’s initial tax basis of our shares or ADSs will be the U.S. dollar value of the purchase price determined on the date of purchase. If our shares or ADSs are treated as traded on an “established securities market,” a cash basis U.S. Holder (or, if it elects, an accrual basis U.S. Holder) will determine the U.S. dollar value of the cost of such shares or ADSs by translating the amount paid at the spot rate of exchange on the settlement date of the purchase. The conversion of U.S. dollars to Reais and the immediate use of that currency to purchase shares or ADSs will generally not result in taxable gain or loss for a U.S. Holder.

A U.S. Holder that receives Reais upon a sale, exchange or other disposition of our shares or ADSs will realize an amount equal to the U.S. dollar value of the Reais on the date of sale, exchange, or other disposition. If our shares or ADSs are treated as traded on an “established securities market,” a cash basis U.S. Holder (or, if it elects, an accrual basis U.S. Holder) will determine the U.S. dollar value of the amount realized by translating the amount received at the spot rate of exchange on the settlement date of the sale, exchange or other disposition. A U.S. Holder will have a tax basis in the Reais received equal to that U.S. dollar amount. Any gain or loss realized by a U.S. Holder on a subsequent conversion of Reais into U.S. dollars (or other disposition) will generally be U.S. source ordinary income or loss for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes.

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If any gain from the sale, exchange or other disposition of our shares or ADSs is subject to Brazilian tax, U.S. Holders may not be able to credit such taxes against their U.S. federal income tax liability under the U.S. foreign tax credit limitations of the Code since such gain will generally be U.S. source income, unless such tax can be credited (subject to applicable limitations) against tax due on other income treated as derived from foreign sources. Alternatively, the U.S. Holder may take a deduction for the Brazilian income tax if such holder does not take a credit for any foreign income tax during the taxable year. The rules with respect to foreign tax credits are complex and U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the availability of the foreign tax credit under their particular circumstances.

Passive foreign investment company

In general, certain adverse consequences could apply to a U.S. Holder if we are treated as a PFIC for any taxable year during which the U.S. Holder holds our shares or ADSs. A non-U.S. corporation will be classified as a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes in any taxable year in which, after applying certain look-through rules, either (i) at least 75 percent of its gross income consists of “passive income”, such as dividends, interest, rents, royalties and certain gains, including certain gains from commodities transactions, other than those that meet the Commodity Exception, or (ii) at least 50 percent of the average quarterly value of its gross assets is attributable to assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income.

We must make a separate determination each year as to whether we are a PFIC. Based on a review of our gross income and assets, the manner in which we currently operate our business, the current market price of our shares, and the current interpretation of the PFIC rules, including the Commodity Exception, we believe that we were not a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes for the 2019 taxable year. However, the determination as to whether we are a PFIC for any taxable year is based on the application of complex U.S. federal income tax rules, which are subject to differing interpretations, depends upon the composition of a company’s income and assets and the market value of its assets from time to time, and is not made until after the end of a taxable year. Consequently, there can be no assurance that we will not be considered a PFIC for the current taxable year or any subsequent taxable year.

If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. Holder holds our shares or ADSs, a U.S. Holder of our shares or ADSs may be subject to imputed interest charges and other generally adverse tax consequences with respect to any gain from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of, and certain “excess distributions” with respect to, our shares or ADSs. Distributions received in a taxable year that are greater than 125 percent of the average annual distributions received during the shorter of (i) the three preceding taxable years or (ii) a U.S. Holder’s holding period for the shares or ADSs will be treated as “excess distributions”. Under these special tax rules: (A) any excess distributions or gain will be allocated ratably to each day in the U.S. Holder’s holding period for the shares or ADSs, (B) the amount allocated to the taxable year of disposition, and any taxable year prior to the first taxable year in which we are a PFIC, will be treated as ordinary income, and (C) the amount allocated to each other taxable years that we were a PFIC will be subject to tax at the highest tax rate applicable to ordinary income in effect for such taxpayer for each such earlier taxable year and the interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of tax will be imposed on the resulting tax attributable to each such year.

If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. Holder holds our shares or ADSs and any of our non-U.S. subsidiaries is also a PFIC, such U.S. Holder would be treated as owning a proportionate amount (by value) of the shares of the lower-tier PFIC and would be subject to the rules described above on certain distributions by such lower-tier PFIC and a disposition of shares of such lower-tier PFIC even though such U.S. Holder would generally not receive the proceeds of those distributions or dispositions. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the application of the PFIC rules to any of our subsidiaries.

If a company that is a PFIC provides certain information to U.S, Holders, a U.S. Holder can then avoid certain adverse tax consequences described above by making a “qualified electing fund” election to be taxed currently on its proportionate share of the PFIC’s ordinary income and net capital gains. However, a qualified electing fund election will not be available to U.S. Holders because we do not intend to provide the necessary information to allow U.S. Holders to make such an election for any tax year in which we are a PFIC.

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Alternatively, a U.S. Holder of “marketable stock” in a PFIC may make a mark-to-market election with respect to such stock. Marketable stock is stock that is traded in other than de minimis quantities on at least 15 days during each calendar quarter (“regularly traded”) on a qualified exchange (such as the NYSE) or other market as defined in applicable U.S. Treasury regulations. We believe that our shares and ADSs qualify as being regularly traded on a qualified exchange, but no assurances may be given in this regard. If a U.S. Holder makes this election, such holder will generally (i) include as income for each taxable year the excess, if any, of the fair market value of our shares or ADSs held at the end of the taxable year over the adjusted tax basis of such shares or ADSs and (ii) deduct as a loss the excess, if any, of the adjusted tax basis of our shares or ADSs over the fair market value of such shares or ADSs held at the end of the taxable year, but only to the extent of the amount previously included in income as a result of the mark-to-market election. The U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in our shares or ADSs would be adjusted to reflect any income or loss resulting from the mark-to-market election. If a U.S. Holder makes a mark-to-market election in respect of a corporation classified as a PFIC and such corporation ceases to be classified as a PFIC, such holder will not be required to take into account the gain or loss described above during any period that such corporation is not classified as a PFIC.

Because a mark-to-market election cannot be made for any lower-tier PFICs that we may own, a U.S. Holder may continue to be subject to the PFIC rules with respect to such holder’s indirect interest in any investments held by us that are treated as an equity interest in a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the tax consequences that would arise if we were treated as a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes, including the possibility of making a mark-to-market election.

Foreign tax credit for Brazilian taxes

Any Brazilian IOF/Exchange Tax imposed on a purchase of our shares or ADSs or IOF/Bonds Tax imposed on a transaction (as discussed above under “Brazilian Tax Consequences”) will not be treated as a creditable foreign tax for U.S. federal income tax purposes. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the tax consequences of these Brazilian taxes.

Certain reporting requirements

Certain U.S. Holders are required to report to the IRS information relating to an interest in our shares or ADSs, subject to exceptions (including an exception for shares or ADSs held in accounts maintained by certain financial institutions), by attaching a complete IRS Form 8938, Statement of Specified Foreign Financial Assets, with their tax return for each year in which they held an interest in our shares or ADSs. If a U.S. Holder holds our shares or ADSs in any year in which we are treated as a PFIC with respect to such U.S. Holder, the U.S. Holder will be required to file IRS Form 8621 U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the application of the U.S. information reporting rules to their particular circumstances.

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THE PRECEDING DISCUSSION OF U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS IS INTENDED FOR GENERAL INFORMATION ONLY AND DOES NOT CONSTITUTE TAX ADVICE. U.S. HOLDERS SHOULD CONSULT THEIR TAX ADVISORS AS TO THE U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL AND NON-U.S. TAX CONSEQUENCES TO THEM OF AN INVESTMENT IN OUR SHARES OR ADSs.

6. Dividends and Paying Agents

Not applicable.

7. Statement by Experts

Not applicable.

8. Documents on Display

Statements contained in this annual report as to the contents of any contract or other document referred to are not necessarily complete, and each of these statements is qualified in all respects by reference to the full text of such contract or other document filed as an exhibit hereto. A copy of the complete annual report including the exhibits and schedules filed herewith is available on the website maintained by the SEC that contains information filed electronically with the SEC, which can be accessed over the internet at http://www.sec.gov.

We are subject to the information and periodic reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as amended, and, in accordance therewith, file periodic reports and other information with the SEC. However, as a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act relating to the furnishing and content of proxy statements and relating to short-swing profits reporting and liability.

We furnish to The Bank of New York Mellon, as depositary, copies of all reports we are required to file with the SEC under the Exchange Act, including our annual reports in English, containing a brief description of our operations and our audited annual consolidated financial statements which are prepared in accordance with IFRS. In addition, we are required under the Deposit Agreement to furnish the depositary with copies of English translations to the extent required under the rules of the SEC of all notices of meetings of holders of common shares and other reports and communications that are generally made available to holders of common shares. Under certain circumstances, the depositary will arrange for the mailing, at our expense, of these notices, other reports and communications to all ADS holders.

We also file financial statements and other periodic reports with the CVM located at Sete de Setembro Street, 111, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 20050-901. In addition, the CVM maintains a website that contains information in Portuguese filed electronically with the CVM, which can be accessed over the internet at http://www.cvm.gov.br.

9. Subsidiary Information

Not applicable.

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ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

You should read this discussion along with the note 3 3 to our consolidated financial statements.

The main risks to which the Company and its subsidiaries are exposed reflect strategic/operational and economic/financial aspects. Operational/strategic risks (including, but not limited to, demand behavior, competition, technological innovation, and material changes in the industry structure) are addressed by Ultrapar’s management model. Economic/financial risks primarily reflect default of customers, behavior of macroeconomic variables, such as exchange and interest rates, as well as the characteristics of the financial instruments used by the Company and by their counterparties. These risks are managed through control policies, specific strategies, and establishment of limits.

The Company has a policy for the management of resources, financial instruments, and risks approved by its Board of Directors (the “Policy”). In accordance with the Policy, the main objectives of financial management are to preserve the value and liquidity of financial assets and ensure financial resources for the development of the businesses, including expansions. The main financial risks considered in the Policy are market risks (currencies, interest rates and commodities), liquidity risks and credit risks.

- The governance of the management of financial risks follows the segregation of duties below:
- The execution of the Policy has done by corporate financial board, through its treasury department, with the assistance of the accounting, legal and tax departments.
- The monitoring of compliance of the Policy and possible issues is the responsibility of the Risk and Investment Committee, (“Committee”), which is composed of CFO, Treasury Director, Controller and other directors designated by the CFO. The Committee holds quarterly meetings and monitors the risk standards established by the Policy through a monitoring map on a monthly basis.
- Approval of the Policy and the periodic assessment of Company exposure to financial risks are subject to the approval of the Board of Directors of Ultrapar.

The Audit and Risks Committee advises the Board of Directors in the assessment of controls, management and exposure of financial risks and revision of Policy. The Risk, Compliance and Audit Department monitors of standards compliance of the Policy and reports to the Audit and Risks Committee the risks exposure and compliance or noncompliance with the Policy.

Currency risk

Most business operations of Ultrapar are located in Brazil and, therefore, the reference currency for risk management is the Real. Currency risk management is guided by neutrality of currency exposures and considers risks of Ultrapar and its exposure to changes in exchange rates. The Company considers as its main currency exposures the assets and liabilities in foreign currency and the short-term flow of net sales in foreign currency of Oxiteno.

The Company uses exchange rate hedging instruments (especially between the Real and the U.S. dollar) available in the financial market to protect their assets, liabilities, receipts and disbursements in foreign currency and net investments in foreign operations. Therefore, hedge is used in order to reduce the effects of changes in exchange rates on the Company’s income and cash flows in Reais within the exposure limits under its Policy. Such foreign exchange hedging instruments have amounts, periods, and rates substantially equivalent to those of assets, liabilities, receipts and disbursements in foreign currency to which they are related. Assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are stated below, translated into Reais as of December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018:

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Assets and liabilities in foreign currency

In millions of Reais | 2020 |  |  |  | 2019 |  |  |  | 2018 |
Assets in foreign currency |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash, cash equivalents and financial investments in foreign currency (except hedging instruments) | 1,413.3 |  |  |  | 455.6 |  |  |  | 254.2 |
Foreign trade receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts and advances to foreign customers | 307.8 |  |  |  | 213.5 |  |  |  | 235.1 |
Other net assets foreign (except cash, cash equivalents, financial investments, trade receivables, financing and payables) | 1,767.6 |  |  |  | 1,445.0 |  |  |  | 1,384.9 |
| 3,488.7 |  |  |  | 2,114.1 |  |  |  | 1,874.2 |
Liabilities in foreign currency |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financing in foreign currency gross of transaction costs and negative goodwill | (9,246.7 | ) |  |  | (6,895.1 | ) |  |  | (5,515.6 | )
Payables arising from imports, net of advances to foreign suppliers | (633.0 | ) |  |  | (344.5 | ) |  |  | (567.7 | )
| (9,879.7 | ) |  |  | (7,239.6 | ) |  |  | (6,083.3 | )
Foreign currency hedging instruments | 4,837.6 |  |  |  | 3,636.4 |  |  |  | 2,483.0 |
Net asset (liability) position – Total | (1,553.4 | ) |  |  | (1,489.0 | ) |  |  | (1,726.1 | )
Net asset (liability) position – Income statement effect | 186.3 |  |  |  | 452.0 |  |  |  | 282.7 |
Net asset (liability) position – Shareholders’ equity effect | (1,739.7 | ) |  |  | (1,941.1 | ) |  |  | (2,008.8 | )

Sensitivity analysis of assets and liabilities in foreign currency

Scenarios I, II and III were based on 10%, 25% and 50% variations, respectively, applied on the net position of the Company exposed to the currency risk, simulating the effects of appreciation and devaluation of the Real in the income statement and the equity:

The table below shows the effect of exchange rate changes on different scenarios, based on the total liability position of R$1,553.4 million in foreign currency.

|  |  | Scenario I |  |  |  | Scenario II |  |  |  | Scenario III |
In millions of Brazilian Reais | Risk |  | Likely |  |  |  | 25% |  |  |  | 50% |
(1) Income statement effect | Real devaluation |  | 18.6 |  |  |  | 46.6 |  |  |  | 93.2 |
(2) Shareholders’ equity effect |  |  | (174.0 | ) |  |  | (434.9 | ) |  |  | (869.9 | )
(1) + (2) | Net effect |  | (155.3 | ) |  |  | (388.4 | ) |  |  | (776.7 | )
(3) Income statement effect | Real appreciation |  | (18.6 | ) |  |  | (46.6 | ) |  |  | (93.2 | )
(4) Shareholders’ equity effect |  |  | 174.0 |  |  |  | 434.9 |  |  |  | 869.9 |
(3) + (4) | Net effect |  | 155.3 |  |  |  | 388.4 |  |  |  | 776.7 |

The shareholders’ equity effect refers to cumulative translation adjustments of changes in the exchange rate on equity of foreign subsidiaries (see n otes 2.s.1 and 25.g.2 to our consolidated financial statements), net investments hedge in foreign entities, cash flow hedge of firm commitments and highly probable transactions (see n ote s 2.c and 33.h to our consolidated financial statements).

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Sensitivity analysis of derivative financial instruments

The Company and its subsidiaries use derivative financial instruments only to hedge against identified risks and in amounts consistent with the risk (limited to 100% of the identified risk). Thus, for purposes of sensitivity analysis of market risks associated with financial instruments, as required by CVM Instruction 475/08, the Company analyzes the hedging instrument and the hedged item together, as shown on the charts below.

For the sensitivity analysis of foreign exchange hedging instruments, management adopted as a likely scenario the Real/U.S. dollar exchange rates at maturity of each swap, projected by U.S. dollar futures contracts quoted on B3 as of December 31, 2020. As a reference, the exchange rate for the last maturity of foreign exchange hedging instruments is R$8.23 in the likely scenario. Scenarios II and III were estimated with a 25% and 50% additional appreciation or depreciation of the Real against the likely scenario, according to the risk to which the hedged item is exposed.

Based on the balances of the hedging instruments and hedged items as of December 31, 2020, the exchange rates were replaced, and the changes between the new balance in Reais and the balance in Reais as of December 31, 2020 were calculated in each of the three scenarios. The table below shows the change in the values of the main derivative instruments and their hedged items, considering the changes in the exchange rate in the different scenarios:

| Risk |  | Scenario I (Likely) |  |  | Scenario II |  |  | Scenario III
|  |  | (in millions of Reais) |
Currency swaps receivable in U.S. dollars |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(1) U.S. dollar / Real swaps | Dollar appreciation |  | 1,013.8 |  |  | 1,522.3 |  |  | 2,030.9 |
(2) Debts/firm commitments in U.S. dollars |  |  | (1,013.8 | ) |  | (1,522.3 | ) |  | (2,030.8 | )
(1)+(2) | Net Effect |  | 0.0 |  |  | 0.0 |  |  | 0.0 |
Currency swaps payable in U.S. dollars |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(3) Real / U.S. dollar swaps | Dollar devaluation |  | 0.0 |  |  | 17.9 |  |  | 35.7 |
(4) Gross margin of Oxiteno/Ipiranga |  |  | (0.0 | ) |  | (17.9 | ) |  | (35.7 | )
(3)+(4) | Net Effect |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |

For sensitivity analysis of hedging instruments for interest rates in Brazilian Reais, the Company used the futures curve of the DI x Pre contract quoted on B3 as of December 31, 2020 for each of the swap and debt (hedged item) maturities, to determine the likely scenarios. Scenarios II and III were estimated based on a 25% and 50% deterioration, respectively, of the likely scenario pre-fixed interest rate.

Based on the three scenarios of interest rates in Brazilian Reais, the Company estimated the values of its debt and hedging instruments according to the risk which is being hedged (variations in the pre-fixed interest rates in Brazilian Reais), by projecting them to future value at the contracted rates and bringing them to present value at the interest rates of the estimated scenarios. The result is shown in the table below:

| Risk |  | Scenario I (Likely) |  | Scenario II |  | Scenario III |
|  |  | (in millions of Reais) |
Interest rate swap (in Brazilian Reais) – Debentures – CRA |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(1) Fixed rate swap – DI | Decrease in Pre-fixed rate |  | (39.4 | ) | (230.7 | ) | (187.6 | )
(2) Fixed rate debt |  |  | 39.4 |  | 230.7 |  | 187.6 |
(1)+(2) | Net Effect |  | - |  | - |  | - |

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For the sensitivity analysis of the commodity price swings hedging instruments on December 31, 2020, the Company used the futures heating oil and gasoline (RBOB) contracts quoted on NYMEX. Scenarios II and III were estimated based on 25% and 50% deterioration, respectively, of the likely scenario commodity price.

Based on the balances of the hedging instruments and the objects hedged on December 31, 2020, prices were substituted and the variations between the new balance in Reais and the balance in Reais in the report date were calculated in each of the three scenarios. The table below shows the variation of the amounts of the derivative instruments and their objects of hedge, considering the variations in commodity prices in the different scenarios:

| Risk |  | Scenario I (Likely) |  | Scenario II |  | Scenario III |
|  |  | (in millions of Reais) |
NDF Commodities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(1) NDF of Commodities | Decrease in commodities price |  | - |  | 551.8 |  | 1,103.6 |
(2) Gross margin from Ipiranga |  |  | - |  | (551.8 | ) | (1,103.6 | )
(1)+(2) | Net Effect |  | - |  | - |  | - |

Interest Rate Risk

Ultrapar adopts prudent policies for borrowing and investing financial resources and for capital cost minimization. The financial investments of Ultrapar are primarily held in transactions linked to the DI. Our borrowings primarily relate to financings from notes in the foreign credit markets, debentures, Banco do Brasil S.A., other development agencies, and other borrowings in foreign currency. Ultrapar does not actively manage risks associated with changes in the level of interest rates and attempts to maintain its financial interest assets and liabilities at floating rates. See n otes 4, 16 and 3 3 to our consolidated financial statements.

The table below provides information as of December 31, 2020 about our debt obligations in foreign currency and in Reais that are subject to variable and fixed rates of interest. The table summarizes information on instruments and transactions that are sensitive to foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates:

|  |  |  |  |  |  | Principal by year of maturity(1) |
Debt | Weighted average interest rate |  | Fair value |  | Book value |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2026 and thereafter |
| (in millions of Reais)
R$ borrowings | 6.5% |  | 92.5 |  | 92.5 |  | 0.5 |  | (0.1 | ) | (0.1 | ) | 92.3 |  |  |  | — |
Borrowings indexed to the DI | 127.5% of the DI |  | 6,862.3 |  | 6,947.4 |  | 2,229.2 |  | 2,336.4 |  | 2,381.7 |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Borrowings indexed to the TJLP | 1.6% |  | 30.0 |  | 29.8 |  | 11.6 |  | 11.5 |  | 6.8 |  | — |  | — |  | — |
U.S. dollar borrowings | 5.0% |  | 9,356.0 |  | 8,575.7 |  | 532.2 |  | 95.6 |  | 705.1 |  | (8,5 | ) | (8,5 | ) | 7,259.8 |
Borrowings indexed to the LIBOR | 1.2% |  | 571.8 |  | 573.5 |  | 312.2 |  | 261.3 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Borrowings indexed to the MX$ | 8.4% |  | 39.4 |  | 39.4 |  | 39.4 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Borrowings indexed to the IPCA | 4.6% |  | 1,000.8 |  | 1,000.8 |  | 13.7 |  | (1.9 | ) | (1.9 | ) | 701.0 |  | 290.0 |  | — |
Subtotal |  |  | 17,952.8 |  | 17,259.1 |  | 3,138.8 |  | 2,702.6 |  | 3,091.6 |  | 784.8 |  | 281.5 |  | 7,259.8 |
Unrealized losses on swaps transactions |  |  | 117.2 |  | 117.2 |  | 117.2 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Total |  |  | 18.070.0 |  | 17,376.2 |  | 3,256.0 |  | 2,702.6 |  | 3,091.6 |  | 784.8 |  | 281.5 |  | 7,259.8 |

(1) Figures include interest accrued through December 31, 2020.

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Credit risk

The financial instruments that would expose the Company and its subsidiaries to credit risks of the counterparty are basically represented by cash and cash equivalents, financial investments, hedging instruments and trade receivables. See n ote 33.d to our consolidated financial statements.

Customer credit risk — The credit policy establishes the analysis of the profile of each new customer, individually, regarding their financial condition. The review carried out by the subsidiaries of the Company includes the evaluation of external ratings, when available, financial statements, credit bureau information, industry information and, when necessary, bank references. Credit limits are established for each customer and reviewed periodically, in a shorter period the greater the risk, depending on the approval of the responsible area in cases of sales that exceed these limits.

In monitoring credit risk, customers are grouped according to their credit characteristics and depending on the business the grouping takes into account, for example, whether they are natural or legal clients, whether they are wholesalers, resellers or final customers, considering also the geographic area.

The estimates of credit losses are calculated by the expected loss approach based on the probability of default rates. Loss rates are calculated on the basis of the average probability of a receivable amount to advance through successive stages of default until full write-off. The probability of default calculation takes into account a credit risk score for each exposure, based on data considered to be capable of foreseeing the risk of loss (external classifications, audited financial statements, cash flow projections, customer information available in the press, for example), with addition of the credit assessment based on experience.

Such risks are managed by each business unit through specific criteria for acceptance of customers and their credit rating and customers’ credit risks are also mitigated by diversification of sales. The subsidiaries of the Company request from customers secured by trade receivables and other receivables in certain circumstances, but such security arrangements are not taken account of when calculating the risk of loss. As of December 31, 2020, the estimated credit losses on doubtful accounts on their trade receivables recorded for Ipiranga, Ultragaz, Extrafarma, Oxiteno and Ultracargo were R$447.4 million, R$113.6 million, R$0.1 million, R$16.4 million and R$1.6 million, respectively. In addition, as of December 31, 2020, no single customer or group accounts for more than 10% of total revenue. For further information, see notes 5.a, 5.b and 33.d.3 to our consolidated financial statements.

Credit risk of financial institutions — Such risk results from the inability of financial institutions to comply with their financial obligations to the Company and its subsidiaries due to insolvency. The Company and its subsidiaries regularly conduct a credit review of the institutions with which it holds cash and cash equivalents, financial investments, and hedging instruments through various methodologies that assess liquidity, solvency, leverage, portfolio quality, etc. Cash and cash equivalents, financial investments, and hedging instruments are held only with institutions with a solid credit history, chosen for safety and soundness. The volumes of cash and cash equivalents, financial investments, and hedging instruments are subject to maximum limits by each institution and, therefore, require diversification of counterparties.

Government credit risk — The Company’s Policy allows investments in government securities from countries classified as investment grade AAA or Aaa by specialized credit rating agencies (S&P, Moody’s and Fitch) and in Brazilian government bonds. The volume of such financial investments is subject to maximum limits by each country and, therefore, requires diversification of counterparties.

The credit risk of financial institution and government of cash, cash equivalents and financial investments is summarized below:

| Fair value (in millions of Reais)
Counterparty credit rating | 12/31/20 20 |  | 12/31/2019 |  | 12/31/2018
AAA | 8,190.4 |  | 4,906.1 |  | 5,933.7
AA | 317.9 |  | 331.5 |  | 707.4
A | 163.8 |  | 418.0 |  | 262.6
BBB | - |  | 56.5 |  | 90.8
Total | 8,672.2 |  | 5,712.1 |  | 6,994.4

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It is important to note that the credit risk analysis that we performed as of December 31, 2020 do not reflect the impacts of the now global COVID-19 pandemic, which may have significant impacts on the credit quality of our customers and the financial institutions with whom we hold assets. See “Item 3.D. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Ultrapar and Its Industries— Our businesses may be materially and adversely affected by the outbreak of communicable diseases, such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, or other epidemics or pandemics”, and other risk factors included herein.

Commodity price risk

The Company and its subsidiaries are exposed to commodity price risk, resulting from the fluctuation of diesel and gasoline prices, among others.

To mitigate the risk of fluctuations in diesel and gasoline prices, the Company and its subsidiaries permanently monitor the market, seeking to hedge price movements through hedge operations for cargo purchased in the international market, using derivative contracts of heating oil (diesel) and RBOB (gasoline) traded on the stock exchange. These goods are subject to the impacts of macroeconomic and geopolitical factors outside the control of the Company and its subsidiaries.

The table below shows the positions of derivative financial instruments to hedge commodity price risk at December 31, 2020:

Derivative |  | Contract |  | No t ional (m 3) |  | Notional (USD million) |  | Fair Value |
|  | Position | Commodity | Maturity |  | 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019 |  | 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019 |  | 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | R$ million |  | R$ million |
Term |  | Sold | Heating Oil | jan-21 |  | 108,429 |  | 76,950 |  | 42.4 |  | 40.5 |  | (0.6 | ) | (2.4 | )
Term |  | Sold | RBOB | - |  | ‐ |  | 64,867 |  | ‐ |  | 29.2 |  | ‐ |  | 1.1 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (0.6 | ) | (1.3 | )

Liquidity risk

The Company main sources of liquidity derive from (i) cash, cash equivalents and financial investments, (ii) cash generated from operations and (iii) financing. The Company believes that these sources are sufficient to satisfy its current funding requirements, which include, but are not limited to, working capital, capital expenditures, amortization of debt and payment of dividends.

The Company periodically examines opportunities for acquisitions and investments. The Company considers different types of investments, either directly, through joint-ventures, or through associated companies, and finance such investments using cash generated from operations, debt financing, through capital increases or through a combination of these methods.

The Company believes it has sufficient working capital to satisfy its current needs. The gross indebtedness due over the next twelve months totals R$3,620.6 million, including estimated interests on loans. Furthermore, the investment plan for 2021 totals R$1,890.8 million. In 2020, the Company had R$7,694.8 million in cash, cash equivalents and short-term financial investments (for quantitative information, see n otes 4 and 16.a to our consolidated financial statements).

For further information on financial liabilities as of December 31, 2020, see n ote 33.e to our consolidated financial statements.

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Capital management

The Company manages its capital structure based on indicators and benchmarks. The key performance indicators related to the capital structure management are the weighted average cost of capital, and the net debt/EBITDA, interest coverage and indebtedness/equity ratios. Net debt is composed of cash and cash equivalents and financial investments and hedging instruments (see n ote 4 to our consolidated financial statements) and loans and hedging instruments and debentures (see n ote 16 to our consolidated financial statements). The Company can change its capital structure depending on economic and financial conditions, in order to optimize its financial leverage and capital management. The Company seeks to improve its return on invested capital by implementing efficient working capital management and a selective investment program.

Selection and use of financial instruments

In selecting financial investments and hedging instruments, an analysis is conducted to estimate rates of return, risks involved, liquidity, calculation methodology for the carrying value and fair value, and a review is conducted of any documentation applicable to the financial instruments. The financial instruments used to manage the financial resources of the Company are intended to preserve value and liquidity.

The Policy contemplates the use of derivative financial instruments only to cover identified risks and in amounts consistent with the risk (limited to 100% of the identified risk). The risks identified in the Policy are described in the above sections and are subject to risk management. In accordance with the Policy, the Company and its subsidiaries can use forward contracts, swaps, options, and futures contracts to manage identified risks. Leveraged derivative instruments are not permitted. Because the use of derivative financial instruments is limited to the coverage of identified risks, the Company and its subsidiaries uses the term “hedging instruments” to refer to derivative financial instruments.

The table below summarizes the position of hedging instruments entered by the Company:

a) Designated as hedge accounting

Product |  | Hedged object |  | Rates agreement |  | Maturity |  | Notional Amount |  |  | Fair value |
|  |  |  | Assets |  | Liabilities |  |  |  | 12/31/20 |  |  | 12/31/19 |  |  | 12/31/20 |  |  | 12/31/19 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | R$ million |
Foreign exchange swap |  | Debt |  | USD + 4.58% |  | 103.9% DI |  | Nov-23 |  | USD 185.0 |  |  | USD 245.0 |  |  | 298.9 |  |  | 69.3 |
Foreign exchange swap |  | Debt |  | USD + LIBOR-3M + 1.14% |  | 105.0% DI |  | Jun-22 |  | USD 50.0 |  |  | USD 150.0 |  |  | 94.8 |  |  | 75.0 |
Interest rate swap |  | Debt |  | 4.57% + IPCA |  | 95.8% DI |  | Dec-25 |  | R$ 806.1 |  |  | R$ 806.1 |  |  | 203.8 |  |  | 144.1 |
Interest rate swap |  | Debt |  | 6.47% |  | 99.9% DI |  | Nov-24 |  | R$ 90.0 |  |  | R$ 90.0 |  |  | 3.5 |  |  | 0.6 |
Term |  | Firm commitments |  | BRL |  | Heating Oil / RBOB |  | Jan-21 |  | USD 42.4 |  |  | - |  |  | (0.6 | ) |  | - |
NDF |  | Firm commitments |  | BRL |  | USD |  | Jan-21 |  | USD 23.1 |  |  | - |  |  | (0.7 | ) |  | - |
Zero Cost Collar |  | Operating margin |  | Put USD 3.86 |  | Call USD 4.33 |  | - |  | - |  |  | USD 60.0 |  |  | - |  |  | (0.1 | )
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 599.7 |  |  | 288.9 |

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b) Not designated as hedge accounting

Product |  | Hedged object |  | Rates agreement |  | Maturity |  | Notional amount |  |  | Fair value |
|  |  |  | Assets |  | Liabilities |  |  |  | 12/31/20 |  |  | 12/31/19 |  |  | 12/31/20 |  |  | 12/31/19 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | R$ million |
Foreign exchange swap |  | Debt |  | USD + 0.18% |  | 55.5% DI |  | Jun-29 |  | USD 320.0 |  |  | USD 853.0 |  |  | 519.3 |  |  | 353.5 |
Foreign exchange swap |  | Debt |  | LIBOR-3M + 2.0% |  | 105.9% DI |  | - |  | - |  |  | USD 60.0 |  |  | - |  |  | 48.5 |
Interest rate swap |  | Debt |  | 1.9% |  | 100% DI |  | Jan-21 |  | R$1,300.0 |  |  | - |  |  | (0.0 | ) |  | - |
Foreign exchange swap |  | Firm commitments |  | USD + 0.00% |  | 33.5% DI |  | - |  | - |  |  | USD 17.9 |  |  | - |  |  | (2.2 | )
Foreign exchange swap |  | Operating margin |  | 34.8% DI |  | USD + 0.00% |  | - |  | - |  |  | USD 4.7 |  |  | - |  |  | 0.6 |
NDF |  | Firm commitments |  | BRL |  | USD |  | Ma y-21 |  | USD 378.6 |  |  | USD 71.6 |  |  | (112.2 | ) |  | (1.1 | )
Term |  | Firm commitments |  | BRL |  | Heating Oil /RBOB |  | - |  | - |  |  | USD 56.0 |  |  | - |  |  | (1.3 | )
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 407.1 |  |  | 398.0 |

All transactions mentioned above were properly registered with the over-the-counter segment of B3.

Hedging instruments existing in 2020 are described below, according to their category, risk, and hedging strategy:

a – Hedging against foreign exchange exposure of liabilities in foreign currency—The purpose of these contracts is (i) to offset the effect of the change in exchange rates of debts or firm commitments in U.S. dollars by converting them into debts or firm commitments in Reais linked to DI, (ii) change a financial investment linked to the DI and (iii) change a financial investment linked to the DI and given as a guarantee to a loan in the U.S. dollar into a financial investment linked to the U.S. dollar. The tables below present our position in this category of swaps as of December 31, 2020:

| Maturity
Swap/Non Deliverable Forward | 2021 |  | 2022 and thereafter
Notional amount (in millions of Reais)(1) | 2,279.0 |  | 2,312.5
Notional amount (in millions of dollars) | 438.6 |  | 445.0
Average receiving rate | US$ + 0.6% |  | US$ + 1.4%
Average payment rate | 13.9% of the DI |  | 69.8% of the DI

(1) Notional amount converted according to the commercial selling rate reported by the Central Bank (PTAX) as of December 31, 2020.

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Swap | Maturity 2022 and thereafter |  |
Notional amount of swaps (in millions of Reais)(1) | 259.8 |  |
Notional amount of swaps (in millions of dollars) | 50.0 |  |
Average receiving rate | US$ + LIBOR + 1.14% |  |
Average payment rate | 105.0% of the DI |  |

(1) Notional amount converted according to the commercial selling rate reported by the Central Bank (PTAX) as of December 31, 2020.

b – Hedging against fixed interest rate in Brazilian Reais—The purpose of this contract is to change fixed interest rate of debentures issued in Brazilian Reais to floating interest. The table below presents our position in this category of swaps as of December 31, 2020.

Swap | Maturity 2022 and thereafter |
Notional amount of swaps (in millions of Reais)(1) | 806.1 |
Notional amount of swaps (in millions of dollars) | 155.1 |
Average receiving rate | 4.57% p.a. + IPCA |
Average payment rate | 95.8% of the DI |

(1) Notional amount converted according to the commercial selling rate reported by the Central Bank (PTAX) as of December 31, 2020.

| Maturity |
Swap/Non Deliverable Forward | 2021 |  | 2022 and thereafter |
Notional amount (in millions of Reais)(1) | 1,300.0 |  | 90.0 |
Notional amount (in millions of dollars) | 250.2 |  | 17.3 |
Average receiving rate | 1.89% |  | 6.47% |
Average payment rate | 100% of the DI |  | 99.9% of the DI |

(1) Notional amount converted according to the commercial selling rate reported by the Central Bank (PTAX) as of December 31, 2020.

– Hedging against commodities exposure of operations—The purpose of these contracts results from the possibility of price oscillation regarding products marketed specially diesel (heating oil) and gasoline (RBOB). These price fluctuations may cause substantial alterations in the sales revenues and costs. The table below presents our position in this category of NDF´s as of December 31, 2020:

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Term | Maturity 2021
Notional amount of NDF´s (in millions of Reais)(1) | 220.3
Notional amount of NDF´s (in millions of dollars) | 42.4
Position | Sold
Contract | Heating oil / RBOB

(1) Notional amount converted according to the commercial selling rate reported by the Central Bank (PTAX) as of December 31, 2020.

Non Deliverable Forward | Maturity 2021
Notional amount of NDF´s (in millions of Reais)(1) | 120.2
Notional amount of NDF´s (in millions of dollars) | 23.1
Position | Sold
Contract | BRL/USD

(1) Notional amount converted according to the commercial selling rate reported by the Central Bank (PTAX) as of December 31, 2020.

Hedge accounting

The Company uses derivative and non-derivative financial instruments for hedging purposes and test, throughout the duration of the hedge, their effectiveness, as well as the changes in their fair value.

Fair value hedge

The Company and its subsidiaries designate as fair value hedges certain financial instruments used to offset the variations in interest and exchange rates, which are based on the market value of financing contracted in Brazilian Reais and U.S. dollars.

The foreign exchange hedging instruments designated as fair value hedge are:

In millions, except the DI % | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |
Notional amount – US$ | 235.0 |  |  | 395.0 |  |  | 395.0 |
Result of hedging instruments – gain/(loss) – R$ | 574.4 |  |  | 79.5 |  |  | 149.2 |
Fair value adjustment of debt – R$ | (13.1 | ) |  | (36.8 | ) |  | (28.5 | )
Financial expense in the statements of profit or loss – R$ | (597.7 | ) |  | (130.3 | ) |  | (215.9 | )
Average effective cost – DI % | 104.1 |  |  | 104.4 |  |  | 104.4 |

For more information, see n ote 16.c.1 to our consolidated financial statements.

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The interest rate hedging instruments designated as fair value hedge are:

In millions, except the DI % | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |
Notional amount – R$ | 806.1 |  |  | 806.1 |  |  | 806.1 |
Result of hedging instruments – gain/(loss) – R$ | 67.4 |  |  | 73.0 |  |  | 25.8 |
Fair value adjustment of debt – R$ | (18.4 | ) |  | (77.0 | ) |  | (13.3 | )
Financial expense in the statements of profit or loss – R$ | (99.6 | ) |  | (68.1 | ) |  | (50.2 | )
Average effective cost – DI % | 95.8 |  |  | 95.8 |  |  | 95.8 |

For more information, see n otes 16.g.2, 16.g.4 and 16.g.6 to our consolidated financial statements.

In millions, except the DI % | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |
Notional amount – R$ | 90.0 |  |  | 90.0 |  |  | — |
Result of hedging instruments – gain/(loss) – R$ | 6.5 |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | — |
Fair value adjustment of debt – R$ | 3.3 |  |  | (0.2) |  |  | — |
Financial expense in the statements of profit or loss – R$ | (9.0) |  |  | (0.4) |  |  | — |
Average effective cost – DI % | 99.9 |  |  | 99.9 |  |  | — |

For more information, see n ote 16.g.7 to our consolidated financial statements.

The exchange rate and commodity hedging instruments designated as fair value hedges are as described below. The purpose of this relationship is to transform the cost of the imported product from fixed to variable until the moment of fuel mixing, as occurs with the price practiced in its sales. The subsidiary Ipiranga carries out these operations with over-the-counter derivatives that are designated in a hedge accou n ting relationship, as a fair value hedge in an amount equivalent to the inventory of imported product:

In millions | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Notional amount – US$ | 65.5 |  | — |  | —
Result of hedging instruments – gain/(loss) – R$ | (87.4 | ) | — |  | —
Fair value adjustment of inventories – R$ | 18.5 |  | — |  | —

Cash flow hedge

The Company and its subsidiaries designate as cash flow hedge of firm commitment and highly probable transactions, derivative financial instruments to hedge “firm commitments” and non-derivative financial instruments to hedge “highly probable future transactions”, so as to hedge against fluctuations arising from changes in exchange rate.

On December 31, 2020, the Company had no exchange rate and commodities hedging instruments of firm commitments designated as cash flow hedges.

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On December 31, 2020, the notional amount of foreign exchange hedging instruments for highly probable future transactions designated as cash flow hedge, related to notes in the foreign market totaled US$468.2 million (US$550.0 million on December 31, 2019). On December 31, 2020, the unrealized loss of “Other comprehensive income” is R$315.4 million (loss of R$293.3 million on December 31, 2019), net of deferred IRPJ and CSLL.

On December 31, 2020, the notional amount of foreign exchange hedging instruments for highly probable future transactions designated as cash flow hedge, related to future sales revenues of Oxiteno (zero cost collars) was not renewed and had no balance (US$60.0 million on December 31, 2019) nor unrealized loss of “Other comprehensive income” (loss of R$0.1 million on December 31, 2019).

Net investment hedge in foreign entities

The Company and its subsidiaries designate as net investment hedge in foreign entities notes in the foreign market, for hedging net investment hedge in foreign entities, to offset changes in exchange rates.

On December 31, 2020, the balance of foreign exchange hedging instruments designated as net investments hedge in foreign entities, related to part of the investments made in entities which functional currency is other than the Brazilian Real, totaled US$95.0 million (US$95.0 million on December 31, 2019). On December 31, 2020, the unrealized loss of “Other comprehensive income” is R$73.1 million (loss of R$55.7 million on December 31, 2019), net of deferred income and social contribution taxes. The effects of exchange rate changes on investments and hedging instruments were offset in equity.

ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

1. Debt securities

Not applicable.

2. Warrants and Rights

Not applicable.

3. Other Securities

Not applicable.

4. American Depositary Shares

In the United States, our common shares are traded in the form of ADSs. Each of our ADSs represents one common share of Ultrapar, issued by The Bank of New York Mellon, as depositary, pursuant to a deposit agreement, dated September 16, 1999, as amended and restated on August 23, 2005, on August 22, 2011, and on March 2, 2018. The depositary’s principal executive office is located at 240 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10286.

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Fees and expenses

The following table summarizes the fees and expenses payable by holders of ADSs:

Persons depositing or withdrawing shares must pay: | For
$5.00 (or less) per 100 ADSs (or portion of 100 ADSs) | (i) Issuance of ADSs, including issuances resulting from a distribution of shares or rights or other property (ii) Cancellation of ADSs for the purpose of withdrawal, including if the Deposit Agreement terminates
$0.05 (or less) per ADSs (or portion thereof) | Any cash distribution
A fee equivalent to the fee that would be payable if securities distributed to you had been shares and the shares had been deposited for issuance of ADSs | Distribution of securities to holders of deposited securities which are distributed by the depositary to ADS holders
$0.05 (or less) per ADS (or portion thereof) per annum | Depositary services
Registration or transfer fees | Transfer and registration of shares on our share register to or from the name of the depositary or its agent when you deposit or withdraw shares
Expenses of the depositary | (i) Cable (including SWIFT) and facsimile transmissions (when expressly provided in the deposit agreement) (ii) Converting foreign currency to U.S. dollars
Taxes and other governmental charges the depositary or the custodian have to pay on any ADS or share underlying an ADS, for example, stock transfer taxes, stamp duty or withholding taxes | As necessary
Any charges incurred by the depositary or its agents for servicing the deposited securities | As necessary

Payment of taxes

The depositary may deduct the amount of any taxes owed from any payments to investors who hold ADSs. It may also sell deposited securities, by public or private sale, to pay any taxes owed. Investors who hold ADSs will remain liable if the proceeds of the sale are not sufficient to pay the taxes. If the depositary sells deposited securities, it will, if appropriate, reduce the number of ADSs to reflect the sale and pay to investors who hold ADSs any proceeds, or send to investors who hold ADSs any property, remaining after it has paid the taxes.

Reimbursement of fees

The Bank of New York Mellon, as depositary, has agreed to reimburse us for expenses we incur that are related to establishment and maintenance expenses of the ADS facility, including, but not limited to, investor relations expenses. The depositary has also agreed to pay its standard out-of-pocket maintenance expenses for providing services to registered DR holders, which consist of the expenses of postage and envelopes for mailing annual and interim financial reports, printing and distributing dividend checks, U.S. IRS tax reporting, mailing required tax forms, stationery, postage, facsimile, and telephone.

Reimbursement of fees incurred in 2020

From January 1, 2020 until December 31, 2020, Ultrapar received from the depositary US$427,979, related to continuing maintenance expenses of the ADS facility, including but not limited to, investor relations expenses.

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PAR T II

ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARR EARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES

None.

ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFIC ATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Not applicable.

ITEM 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

(a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under our management’s supervision and with their participation, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we performed an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, for the period covered by this Form 20-F. The Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is (a) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and (b) accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on this assessment, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded, on December 31, 2020, that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

(b) Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, and effected by our Board of Directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statements preparation and presentation.

In this context, our management has assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on the criteria established in the Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Based on such assessment and criteria, our management has concluded that the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting are effective as of December 31, 2020.

The Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, KPMG Auditores Independentes, audited the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, and their report, included herein, expressed an unqualified opinion.

(c) Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

The Report of independent registered public accounting firm, KPMG Auditores Independentes (“KPMG”), is presented below.

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors

Ultrapar Participações S.A.

Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

We have audited Ultrapar Participações S.A. and subsidiaries’ (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated statements of financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2020 and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements), and our report dated April 29, 2021 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Controls over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 15b of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

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Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

KPMG Auditores Independentes

São Paulo, SP, Brazil
April 29, 2021

(d) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting for the year ended December 31, 2020 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

ITEM 16. [RESERVED]
ITEM 16A. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT

Until April 2019, our Fiscal Council acted as an audit committee pursuant to the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We did not appoint an audit committee financial expert, as Brazilian law does not require a Fiscal Council member to have the same attributes of such a financial expert.

However, in order to adapt to the new rules for the Novo Mercado segment, the e xtraordinary and a nnual g eneral s hareholders’ m eeting held on April 10, 2019, approved an amendment to our Bylaws and our audit and risks committee started to function on a permanent basis to advise the Board of Directors and started to act as separate body from the Fiscal Council.

Also in accordance with the new rules for the Novo Mercado and with the provisions of our bylaws, this committee shall have at least three members, of whom at least one must be an independent member of the Board of Directors and one member must have recognized experience in business accounting pursuant to the rules issued by the CVM regarding the registration and practice of independent auditing activities in the securities market.

The members of the audit and risks committee shall be elected by the Board of Directors for a term of office of two years, and the term shall coincide with the term of office of the Directors, with reelection being permitted for successive terms.

On May 15, 2019, the Board of Directors appointed Ms. Ana Paula Vitali Janes Vescovi, Mr. Joaquim Pedro de Mello, Mr. José Maurício Pereira Coelho and Mr. Flavio Cesar Maia Luz as members of audit and risks committee. Mr. Flavio Luz is the coordinator of such committee. Their terms of office ended at the a nnual and e xtraordinary g eneral s hareholders’ m eeting held on April 14, 2021. The Board of Directors appointed Ms. Ana Paula Vitali Janes Vescovi, Mr. Jorge Marques de Toledo Camargo and Mr. José Maurício Pereira Coelho as members of the audit and risks committee in a meeting held on April 14, 2021. Ms. Ana Paula Vitali Janes Vescovi will also act as coordinator of the committee.

We believe that the audit and risks committee members that were on such position as of December 31, 2020 have broad commercial experience and extensive business leadership, having held various roles in accountancy, financial management and supervision, treasury and corporate finance. We believe that there was a broad and suitable mix of business and financial experience on the committee and that the election of a member with recognized experience in business accounting pursuant to the rules issued by the CVM complies with the requirements for the audit committee financial expert. We believe that the Board of Directors appointed for the new term of office have the same profile and expertise.

Notwithstanding the above, under Rule 10A-3(c)(3) of the Exchange Act, considering that (i) our audit and risks committee complies with the rules for the Novo Mercado; (ii) our bylaws expressly requires that the audit and risks committee consist of at least one member of the Board of Directors and one or more persons who are not directors; and (iii) SEC’s interpretative letter issued on November 8, 2018, we are exempt from the audit committee requirements of Section 303A of the NYSE Listed Company Manual.

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ITEM 16B. CODE OF ETHICS

In 2004, we established a Code of Ethics which covered (i) the Board of Directors; (ii) the whole Executive Board (including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer); (iii) the Fiscal Council of Ultrapar; (iv) the Board of Directors and Executive Board of its subsidiaries; and (v) remaining bodies with technical or advisory functions that are directly subordinated to the Board of Directors, to the Executive Board or to the fiscal committee of Ultrapar. Our Code of Ethics was amended on June 17, 2009 to (i) improve certain existing items of the code by including examples of acceptable or unacceptable behavior and clarifying the language to avoid misunderstanding of such items and (ii) improve access to the channel for reporting non-compliance with the code. On July 31, 2013, we amended our Code of Ethics in order to increase the number of permanent members of the Conduct Committee from three to four members. On September 17, 2014 the Code of Ethics was fully revised. On December 13, 2017, our Board of Directors approved a new Code of Ethics, in force from March 1, 2018 onwards. For the complete amended Code of Ethics please see our 6-K furnished to the SEC on March 1, 2018. The objective of this code is (i) to reduce the subjectivity of personal interpretations of ethical principles; (ii) to be a formal and institutional benchmark for the professional conduct of the employees, including the ethical handling of actual or apparent conflicts of interests, becoming a standard for the internal and external relationship of Ultrapar with its stakeholders, namely: shareholders, clients, employees, partners, suppliers, service providers, labor unions, competitors, society, government and the communities in which it operates; and (iii) to ensure that the daily concerns with efficiency, competitiveness and profitability do not override ethical behavior.

Also, in 2014, we approved the corporate policy on anti-corruption and relationships with public officials, applicable to shareholders, employees of the Company, third parties and business partners when representing or acting on behalf of the Company. On December 13, 2017, our Board of Directors approved a new corporate policy on anti-corruption and relationships with public officials, in force from March 1, 2018 onwards. This policy consolidates the guidelines for corruption prevention to be adopted in the relationship with public officers to protect the integrity and transparency of our businesses.

On September 21, 2016, our Board of Directors approved the Antitrust Policy applicable to employees of the Company, third parties and business partners. This policy establishes guidelines for preventing and combating violations of competition law and ensuring compliance with all competition laws, to be adopted by the Ultra companies, as well as in corporate transactions in which they are involved. On October 2018, we reviewed our Antitrust Policy.

Also, in 2016, the Company approved the Conflict of Interests Policy applicable to employees of the Company, third parties and business partners when representing or acting on behalf of the Company. This policy provides for standard behaviors and professional conduct of the employees, including the ethical handling of actual or apparent conflicts of interests. The Policy was revised in 2020, now called the “Corporate Policy of Conflicts of Interests and Related Parties” and it will be distributed in the first quarter of 2021.You can obtain a copy of our Code of Ethics and of our Corporate Policy on anti-corruption and relationships with public officials, free of charge, at our Investor Relations (www.ri.ultra.com.br), on “Governance” section, subsection “Corporate Documents”.

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ITEM 16C. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

The relationship with our independent registered public accounting firm in respect to the contracting of services unrelated to the external audit is based on principles that preserve the independence of the independent registered public accounting firm. Our Board of Directors approves our consolidated financial statements, the performance by our independent registered public accounting firm of audit and permissible non-audit services, and associated fees, supported by our Audit and Risks Committee. See “Item 6.C. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—Board Practices—Fiscal Council and Audit Committee Exemption” for more information about the responsibilities of the Audit and Risks Committee. Our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 were audited by the independent registered public accounting firm KPMG Auditores Independentes.

The following table describes the total amount billed to us by KPMG Auditores Independentes for services performed in 2020 and 2019:

| 2020 |  |  | 2019
| (in thousands of Reais)
Audit Fees | 8,489.9 |  |  | 9,769.6
Audit Related Fees | 1,156.4 |  |  | 1,690.6
Total Consolidated Audit Fees | 9,646.2 |  |  | 11,460.2

“Audit Fees” are the aggregate fees billed by our independent registered public accounting firm for the audit of our consolidated and annual financial statements, reviews of interim financial information and attestation services that are provided in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements.

“Audit Related Fees 2020” are fees related to tax compliance services to review the ECF, agreed upon procedures in connection with the reopening of 2029 notes offering process, attestation report on net assets book value.

Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures

In order to adapt to the new rules for the Novo Mercado segment, the e xtraordinary and a nnual g eneral s hareholders’ m eeting held on April 10, 2019 decided that our audit and risks committee must function on a permanent basis to advise the Board of Directors. This committee is responsible for recommending to the Board of Directors the retention and dismissal of independent audit services, as well as proposing to the Board of Directors the nomination of the independent auditor and their replacement.

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ITEM 16D. EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES

Until April 2019, our Fiscal Council met the requirements for exemption from audit committee independence pursuant to the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Under Rule 10A-3(c)(3) of the Exchange Act, non-U.S. issuers, such as Ultrapar, are exempt from the audit committee independence requirements of Section 303A of the NYSE Listed Company Manual if they establish, according to their local law or regulations, another body that meets certain requirements. See “Item 6.C. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—Board Practices—Fiscal Council and Audit Committee Exemption”.

The Fiscal Council in office until April 2019, met the following requirements of the general exemption contained in Rule 10A-3(c)(3):

- the Fiscal Council was established pursuant to Brazilian Corporate Law and our bylaws;
- under the requirements of Brazilian Corporate Law, our Fiscal Council was a separate body from our Board of Directors;
- the Fiscal Council was not elected by Ultrapar’s management and no executive officer of Ultrapar is a member of the Fiscal Council;
- all of the members of the Fiscal Council met the independence requirements from Ultrapar, the management and the independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth by Brazilian Corporate Law and/or listing provisions in Brazil;
- the Fiscal Council made recommendations to our Board of Directors regarding the appointment, retention and oversight of the work of the independent registered public accounting firm engaged for the purpose of preparing or issuing audit reports for Ultrapar;
- the Fiscal Council adopted a complaints procedure in accordance with Rule 10A-3(b)(3) of the Exchange Act;
- the Fiscal Council was authorized to engage independent counsel and other advisers, as it deemed appropriate; and
- Ultrapar has provided for appropriate funding, as determined by the Fiscal Council, for the payment of (i) compensation to Ultrapar’s independent registered public accounting firm engaged for the purpose of issuing audit reports, (ii) compensation to independent counsel and other advisers engaged by the Fiscal Council, and (iii) ordinary administrative expenses of the Fiscal Council in carrying out its duties.

As approved by our shareholders at the e xtraordinary and a nnual g eneral s hareholders’ m eeting held on April 10, 2019, our audit and risks committee shall function on a permanent basis and is be separate from the Fiscal Council, fully in compliance with the rules of the Novo Mercado. Th e members of such committee that were in their position on December 31, 2020 assumed the duties and obligations mentioned above on May 15, 2019. The Board of Directors appoint ed new members in a meeting held on April 14, 2021.

Under Rule 10A-3(c)(3) of the Exchange Act, considering that (i) our audit and risks committee complies with the rules for the Novo Mercado; (ii) our bylaws expressly requires that the audit and risks committee consist of at least one member of the Board of Directors and one or more persons who are not directors; and (iii) SEC’s interpretative letter issued on November 8, 2018, we are exempt from the audit committee requirements of Section 303A of the NYSE Listed Company Manual.

Ultrapar’s reliance on Rule 10A-3(c)(3) does not, in its opinion, materially adversely affect the ability of our audit and risks committee to act independently and to satisfy the other requirements of Rule 10A-3.

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ITEM 16E. PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS

We did not purchase any share issued by the Company in 20 20.

ITEM 16F. CHANGE IN REGISTR ANT’S INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Not applicable.

ITEM 16G. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Under the rules of the NYSE, foreign private issuers are subject to a more limited set of corporate governance requirements than are U.S. domestic issuers. As a foreign private issuer, we must comply with four principal NYSE corporate governance rules: (i) we must satisfy the requirements of Exchange Act Rule 10A–3 relating to audit committees; (ii) our Chief Executive Officer must promptly notify the NYSE after any executive officer becomes aware of any material noncompliance with the applicable NYSE rules; (iii) we must provide the NYSE with annual and interim written affirmations; and (iv) we must provide a brief description of any significant differences between our corporate governance practices and those followed by U.S. companies under NYSE listing standards.

The significant differences between our corporate governance practices and the NYSE corporate governance standards are as follows:

Independence of Directors

NYSE rules require that a majority of the Board of Directors must consist of independent directors as defined under NYSE rules. Under Brazilian Corporate Law, we are not required to have a majority of independent directors.

The Brazilian Corporate Law requires that our directors be elected by our shareholders at a general shareholders’ meeting. According to the rules of Novo Mercado, at least 20% of the members of the Board of Directors, and as of the annual shareholders’ meeting to be held in 2022, not fewer than two of its members must meet the independence requirements as established under these rules. Furthermore, according to our bylaws, at least 30% of the members of the Board of Directors must be independent.

The new rules for the Novo Mercado segment, in force as of January 2, 2018, established that the companies listed in this segment will have up to the annual shareholders’ meeting to be held in 2022 to adopt new requirements to assure the independence of the members of the Board of Directors, based on their relationship with the company, its direct or indirect controlling shareholder (if applicable), its directors and its executive officers; and subsidiaries, affiliates and joint-ventures.

According to these requirements—to be adopted not later than April 2022—a board member will not be considered independent if he/she (i) is the direct or indirect controlling shareholder of the company; (ii) has his/her voting rights at the board meetings bound to a shareholders’ agreement regarding matters related to the company; (iii) is a spouse, partner or direct or collateral first/second-degree relative of the controlling shareholder or of any executive officer of the company or the controlling shareholder; (iv) was an employee or executive officer of the company or its controlling shareholder in the past three years.

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Furthermore, the new rules of the Novo Mercado establish that when deciding whether Board members are independent, some situations must be analyzed in order to verify whether they entail loss of independence due to the characteristics, magnitude and extent of the relationship, as follows: (i) “are they a first/second-degree relative of the controlling shareholder or of any executive officer of the company or the controlling shareholder?”; (ii) “have they been an employee or executive officer the company’s subsidiaries, affiliates or joint-ventures in the past three years?”; (iii) “do they have a business relationship with the company, its controlling shareholder, or a subsidiary, affiliate or joint-venture?”; (iv) “do they hold a position in a firm or entity that has a business relationship with the company or with its controlling shareholder, whereby they have decision-making power regarding the activities of the firm or entity?”; (v) “do they receive any compensation from the company, its controlling shareholder, or a subsidiary, affiliate or joint-venture other than the compensation relating to their position as a member of the board of directors or committees of the company, its controlling shareholder, or its subsidiaries, affiliates and joint-ventures, excluding income from shares in the company and benefits from supplementary pension plans?”

Once such new requirements are adopted, the general shareholders’ meeting shall then be entitled to decide whether a person nominated as member of the Board of Directors is independent and may base its decision (i) on a declaration submitted to the Board of Directors in which the nominee attests and justify his/her compliance with the independence requirements or (ii) on the opinion of the Board of Directors expressed in management’s proposal to the general shareholders meeting that elects directors and officers regarding the candidate’s compliance or non-compliance with the independence criteria.

Our bylaws approved on the e xtraordinary and a nnual g eneral s hareholders’ m eeting was amended to reflect the new independence requirements, and the election of the Board of Directors deliberated upon on the a nnual and e xtraordinary g eneral s hareholders’ m eeting held on April 14, 2021 contemplated said requirements and procedures.

As of December 31, 20 20, our Board of Directors consisted of eleven members, all of them being non-executive members and eight of whom were independent, according to the Brazilian Novo Mercado Listing Rules. Two of the non-independent board members w ere executive officer s of Ultrapar until December 2006 or until December 2012. All of the non-independent board members are related, directly or indirectly, to Ultra S.A. See “Item 6.C. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—Board Practices” and “Exhibit 1.1—Bylaws of Ultrapar, dated as of April 1 4, 202 1”. The shareholders of the Company elected, at the a nnual and e xtraordinary g eneral s hareholders’ m eeting held on April 14, 2021, new members to the Board of Directors for a two-year term of office. Our Board of Directors is composed of eleven members, six of whom are independent members, according to the rules previously mentioned.

No member of the Board has any material relationship with the Company, either directly or as a partner or officer of an organization that has relationship with Ultrapar, except for their interest as shareholders of Ultrapar, when applicable, as mentioned above. The Brazilian Corporate Law, the Novo Mercado Listing rules and the CVM establish rules relating to the qualification of the members of our Board of Directors and our executive officers, including their compensation, duties and responsibilities. We believe these rules provide adequate assurances that our directors are independent according to the independence tests established by the NYSE.

Executive Sessions

NYSE rules require that the non-management directors must meet at regularly scheduled executive sessions without management present. Such provision does not apply to Ultrapar given that none of our directors is currently an executive officer of the Company.

Committees

NYSE rules require that U.S. domestic listed companies have a nominating/corporate governance committee and a compensation committee composed entirely of independent directors and governed by a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities. Under the Brazilian Corporate Law, we are not required to have a nominating committee, a corporate governance committee or a compensation committee. Notwithstanding, our bylaws provides for a people committee (formerly named compensation committee), strategy committee and an audit and risks committee, as ancillary bodies of the Board of Directors. See “Item 6.C. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—Board Practices” and “Exhibit 1.1—Bylaws of Ultrapar, dated as of April 1 4, 202 1”.

As of December 31, 20 20, our people committee comprised the board members Alexandre Gonçalves Silva, José Galló, Nildemar Secches and Lucio de Castro Andrade Filho (who also acts as coordinator of the committee). The members of this committee, as well as of the audit and risks committee and strategy committee, shall be elected by the Board of Directors for a term of office of two years, coincident with the term of office of the directors. Their terms of office ended at the a nnual and e xtraordinary general shareholders’ meeting held on April 14, 2021. The Board of Directors Mr. José Galló, Mr. Lucio de Castro Andrade Filho, Mr. Alexandre Teixeira de Assumpção Saigh and Mr. José Luiz Alquéres as members of the people committee in a meeting held on April 14, 2021. Mr. José Galló will also act as coordinator of the committee.

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Fiscal Council and Audit Committee

U.S. domestic listed companies must have an audit committee with a minimum of three independent directors who are financially literate and who satisfy the independence requirements of Rule 10A–3 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities.

However, as the Brazilian Corporate Law requires the establishment of a corporate body whose duties are similar to those established by the Exchange Act (the “Fiscal Council”), Brazilian companies may be exempt from the requirements of Rule 10A–3 if they satisfy the conditions of Rule 10A–3(c)(3) of the Exchange Act.

As of December 31, 2018, our Fiscal Council satisfied the requirements of Rule 10A–3(c)(3) of the Exchange Act.

Our Fiscal Council acts on a non-permanent basis, consists of three members and their respective alternate members, and it i s a separate corporate body independent from our management. The members of our Fiscal Council are elected by our shareholders at the annual general shareholders’ meeting for one-year term and are eligible for reelection. Under the Brazilian Corporate Law, individuals who are members of the Board of Directors or are executive officers or employees or spouses or relatives of any member of the Company’s management are not eligible to serve on the Fiscal Council.

Until April 2019, our Fiscal Council acted as an audit committee pursuant to the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. However, in order to adapt to the new rules for the Novo Mercado segment, it was approved by the e xtraordinary and a nnual general shareholders’ meeting held on April 10, 2019, that our audit and risks committee must function on a permanent basis to advise the Board of Directors and will be separate from the Fiscal Council.

This committee is responsible for (a) recommending to the Board of Directors the retention and dismissal of independent audit services, as well as proposing to the Board of Directors the nomination of the independent auditor and their replacement; (b) reviewing the management report and the financial statements of the Company and of its controlled companies, and providing the recommendations it deems necessary to the Board of Directors; (c) reviewing the quarterly financial information and the periodic financial statements prepared by the Company; (d) monitoring the activities of the Company’s internal audit and internal controls departments, including follow-up and assessment of the effectiveness and sufficiency of the internal control structure and of the internal and independent audit processes of the Company and of its controlled companies, including in relation to the provisions set forth in the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, submitting the recommendations it deems necessary for the improvement of policies, practices and procedures; (e) evaluating and monitoring the Company’s risk exposure, as per the Risk Management Policy, as well as providing its opinion on any review of the contents thereof, in addition to advising the Board of Directors in connection with the setting of acceptable risk levels; (f) establishing procedures for the acceptance and handling of information submitted by any party relating to alleged noncompliance with applicable legal and regulatory requirements applicable to the Company, in addition to internal regulations, policies and codes, including procedures for confidential or anonymous submission, safeguarding information secrecy; (g) interacting with the other Company’s governing bodies in connection with the receipt and review of information on noncompliance with legal and regulatory requirements applicable to the Company, as well as with internal regulations; and (h) providing its opinion on the matters submitted to it by the Board of Directors, as well as on those matters it determines to be relevant.

Under Rule 10A-3(c)(3) of the Exchange Act, considering that (i) our audit and risks committee complies with the rules for the Novo Mercado; (ii) our bylaws expressly requires that the audit and risks committee consist of at least one member of the Board of Directors and one or more persons who are not directors; and (iii) SEC’s interpretative letter issued on November 8, 2018, we are exempt from the audit committee requirements of Section 303A of the NYSE Listed Company Manual.

For more information, see “Item 6.C. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—Board Practices—Fiscal Council and Audit Committee Exemption” and “Exhibit 1.1—Bylaws of Ultrapar, dated as of April 1 4, 202 1”.

Shareholder Approval of Equity Compensation Plans

NYSE rules require that equity compensation plans for U.S. domestic listed companies be subject to shareholder approval, with limited exceptions. In November 2003, our shareholders approved the Deferred Stock Plan. In accordance with the Deferred Stock Plan, the Board of Directors determines the eligible participants and the number of shares to which each participant shall have rights. See “Item 6.C. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—Compensation”. At the a nnual general shareholders’ meeting held on April 19, 2017, our shareholders approved a new stock-based incentive plan for our employees and executives.

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Corporate Governance Guidelines

NYSE rules require that U.S. domestic listed companies adopt and disclose corporate governance guidelines. We have adopted corporate governance guidelines set out by our Board of Directors or required by the Brazilian Corporate Law, the CVM and B3 and which we believe are consistent with best practices, such as the 100% tag along rights to all shareholders, the establishment and disclosure of a code of ethics, and the adoption of the Policy of Disclosure of Material Acts or Facts, which deals with the public disclosure of all relevant information and the trading of shares issued by Ultrapar as per CVM Instruction No. 358, and the adoption of Anti-Corruption and Relationship with Public Officers Policy.

Since June 28, 2011, we have been listed on the Novo Mercado segment of B3. According to the rules of Novo Mercado the minimum percentage of independent members of the Board of Directors is set at 20%, and as of the annual shareholders meeting to be held in 2022, also not less than two of its members, while a minimum of 30% is required in our bylaws.

Our bylaws also (i) establish a mandatory tender offer for 100% of the Company’s shareholders in the event a shareholder, or a group of shareholders acting in concert, acquire or become holder of 20% of the Company’s shares, excluding treasury shares, and (ii) create a strategy, an audit and risks and a people committees, as ancillary bodies of the Board of Directors. Our bylaws do not establish any limitation on voting rights, special treatment to current shareholders, public tender offers for a price above that of the acquisition price of shares or any other poison pill provisions, thus assuring the effectiveness of a majority shareholders’ approval on all matters to be deliberated. See “Exhibit 1.1—Bylaws of Ultrapar, dated as of April 1 4, 202 1”.

In addition, as mentioned above, on September 2017, new rules for Novo Mercado were approved by the CVM. Some of the modifications of the Novo Mercado Rules include the following requirements: (i) set up an audit committee (statutory or non-statutory); (ii) structure and disclose a process of assessment of the Board of Directors, its committees and executive officers; (iii) establish and disclose a Code of Conduct, as well as a Compensation Policy, a Nomination Policy for the Board of Directors, its Committees and Executive Officer, a Risk Management Policy, a Related Party Transaction Policy and Securities Trading Policy, all of them with minimum requirements. Despite the fact that the companies listed in this segment must fully comply with the regulations until the general shareholders’ meeting of 2022, our bylaws were amended to reflect, among other amendments, such requirements and we are in full compliance with such rules.

Code of Business Conduct and Ethics

NYSE rules require that U.S. domestic listed companies adopt and disclose a code of business conduct and ethics for directors, officers and employees. In 2004, we established a code of ethics, which was amended on September 17, 2014 and on December 17, 2017. For the complete amended code of ethics please see our Form 6-K furnished to the SEC on March 1, 2018. The main objectives of this code is (i) to reduce the subjectivity of personal interpretations of ethical principles; and (ii) to be a formal and institutional benchmark for the professional conduct of our employees, including the ethical handling of actual or apparent conflicts of interests, becoming a standard for the internal and external relationship of the Company with its stakeholders. See “Item 16.B. — Code of Ethics”.

ITEM 16H. MINE SAFETY DIS CLOSURE

Not applicable.

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PART III

ITEM 17. FINA NCIAL STATEMENTS

We have responded to Item 18 in lieu of responding to this Item.

ITEM 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

We file the following consolidated financial statements together with the reports of independent registered public accountants’ firms, as part of this annual report:

​

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | F-3
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position | F-5
Consolidated Statements of Profit or Loss | F-7
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income | F-8
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity | F-9
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Indirect Method | F-12
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements | F-14

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ITEM 19. EXHIBITS

We are filing the following documents as part of this Annual Report Form 20-F:

1.1 | Bylaws of Ultrapar, dated as of April 14, 2021.
2.1 | Shareholders’ Agreement dated March 22, 2000 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Form 20-F of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on June 7, 2007).
2.2 | Amendment dated as of March 31, 2006 to the Indenture dated as of December 20, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.3 to Form 20-F of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on May 5, 2006).
2.3 | Ipiranga Group Shareholders’ Agreement entered into by and among Ultrapar, Petrobras and Braskem, dated April 18, 2007 — English Translation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.7 to Form 20-F of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on June 7, 2007).
2.4 | RPR Shareholders Agreement entered into by and among Ultrapar, Petrobras and Braskem, dated April 18, 2007 — English Translation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.8 to Form 20-F of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on June 7, 2007).
2.5 | Rules of the Novo Mercado—English translation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.9 to Form 20-F of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on April 6, 2018).
2.6 | Ultrapar Participações S.A. 5th Public Offering Indenture of Simple, Non-Convertible into Shares, Single-Series, Unsecured Debentures, for Public Distribution with Restricted Placement Efforts between Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Pentágono S.A. DTVM, dated March 3, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Form 6-K of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on March 13, 2015).
2.7 | Shareholders’ Agreement dated May 2, 2018 (incorporated by reference to the report on Form 6-K furnished by Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on May 2, 2018).
2.8 | Ultrapar Participações S.A. 6th Public Offering Indenture of Simple, Non-Convertible into Shares, Single-Series, Unsecured Debentures, for Public Distribution with Restricted Placement Efforts between Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Pentágono S.A. DTVM, dated February 22, 2018 (incorporated by reference to Form 6-K of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on February 22, 2018).
2.9 | Indenture, dated as of October 6, 2016 among Ultrapar International S.A., as Issuer, Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Ipiranga Produtos de Petróleo, as guarantors, The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee, Transfer Agent and Registrar, The Bank of New York Mellon, as Principal Paying Agent and The Bank of New York Mellon (Luxembourg) S.A., as Luxembourg Paying Agent and Luxembourg Transfer Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.9 to Form 20-F of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on April 23, 2019).
2.10 | Indenture, dated as of June 6, 2019 among Ultrapar International S.A., as Issuer, Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Ipiranga Produtos de Petróleo, as guarantors, The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee, Transfer Agent and Registrar, The Bank of New York Mellon, as Principal Paying Agent and The Bank of New York Mellon (Luxembourg) S.A., as Luxembourg Paying Agent and Luxembourg Transfer Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.10 to Form 20-F of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on May 4, 2020)
2.11 | Amended and Restated Deposit Agreement dated as of March 2, 2018, among Ultrapar Participações S.A., the Bank of New York Mellon as Depositary, and all Owners and Beneficial Owners from time to time of American Depositary Shares issued thereunder (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1 to Form F-6/A of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on February 23, 2018).
2.12 | Description of Securities Registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act.
2.13 | Shareholders’ Agreement dated August 18, 2020 (incorporated by reference to the report on Form 6-K furnished by Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on August 2 4, 2020).
2.14 | First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 20, 2020, among Ultrapar International S.A., as Issuer, Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Ipiranga Produtos de Petróleo, as guarantors, The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee, Transfer Agent and Registrar, The Bank of New York Mellon, as Principal Paying Agent and The Bank of New York Mellon (Luxembourg) S.A., as Luxembourg Paying Agent and Luxembourg Transfer Agent.
4.1 | Share Sale and Purchase Agreement related to the sale and purchase of the entire share capital of Shell Gás (LPG) Brasil S.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Form F-1 of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on February 2, 2005).

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4.2 | Form of agreement between Ultragaz and independent dealers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Form F-1 of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on February 2, 2005, as amended).
4.3 | Take or pay agreement between Tequimar and CODEBA (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Form F-1 of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on February 2, 2005, as amended).
4.4 | The Investment Agreement entered into by and among Ultrapar, Petrobras and Braskem dated March 18, 2007—English translation, as amended by the Amendment to Investment Agreement entered into by and among Ultrapar, Petrobras and Braskem dated April 18, 2007—English Summary (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to Form 20-F of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on June 7, 2007).
4.5 | Share Purchase Agreement entered into by and among Ultrapar, Petrobras, Braskem and the Key Shareholders of RPR, DPPI and CBPI, dated March 18, 2007—English Summary (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 to Form 20-F of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on June 7, 2007).
4.6 | Braskem/Petrobras Asset Security Agreement entered into by and among Ultrapar, Petrobras and Braskem, dated April 18, 2007—English Summary (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.6 to Form 20-F of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on June 7, 2007).
4.7 | Petrobras Asset Security Agreement entered into by and among Ultrapar, Petrobras and Braskem, dated April 18, 2007—English Summary (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.7 to Form 20-F of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on June 7, 2007).
4.8 | Ethylene Supply Agreement between Braskem S.A. and Oxiteno Nordeste S.A. Indústria e Comércio, dated June 13, 2008—English Summary (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.8 to Form 20-F of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on June 30, 2010).
4.9 | Fourth Amendment to the Ethylene Supply Agreement between Braskem S.A. and Oxiteno Nordeste S.A. Indústria e Comércio, dated January 1, 2013—English Summary (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.9 to Form 20-F of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on April 30, 2013).
4.10 | Share Purchase Agreement between Ultrapar Participações S.A.’s subsidiary Terminal Químico de Aratu S.A. and Unipar, dated June 6, 2008, including Amendment dated September 22, 2008—English Summary (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.8 to from 20-F of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on June 29, 2009).
4.11 | Ethylene Supply Agreement between Petroquímica União S.A. and Oxiteno S.A. Indústria e Comércio, dated August 1, 2008—English Summary (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.10 to Form 20-F of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on June 30, 2010).
4.12 | Securities Purchase Agreement entered into by and among Chevron, CBL, Galena and Sociedade Brasileira de Participações Ltda, dated August 14, 2008 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.9 to Form 20-F of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on June 29, 2009).
4.13 | Revolving Line of Credit Agreement among Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (BNDES), Companhia Brasileira de Petróleo Ipiranga, Companhia Ultragaz S/A, Oleoquímica Indústria e Comércio de Produtos Químicos Ltda, Oxiteno Nordeste S/A Indústria e Comércio, Tequimar—Terminal Químico de Aratu S/A, Tropical Transportes Ipiranga Ltda. and Ultrapar Participações S.A., dated December 16, 2008—English Summary (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.12 to Form 20-F of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on June 30, 2010).
4.14 | Amendment No. 1 to Securities Purchase Agreement entered into by and among Chevron, CBL, Galena and Sociedade Brasileira de Participações Ltda, dated March 30, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.10 to Form 20-F of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on June 29, 2009).
4.15 | Line of Credit Agreements between Banco do Brasil S.A. and Ipiranga Produtos de Petróleo S.A., each dated June 16, 2010—English Summary (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.14 to Form 20-F of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on June 30, 2010).
4.16 | Amendment to the line of Credit Agreements between Banco do Brasil S.A. and Ipiranga Produtos de Petróleo S.A., each dated February 7, 2013—English Summary (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.16 to Form 20-F of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on April 30, 2013).
4.17 | Association and Other Covenants Agreement to effect the merger of shares (incorporação de ações) of Extrafarma with Ultrapar, dated September 30, 2013 — English Summary (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.17 to Form 20-F of Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on April 30, 2014).
4.18 | Protocol and Justification of Incorporação de Ações (merger of shares) issued by Imifarma Produtos Farmacêuticos e Cosméticos S.A. by Ultrapar Participações S.A., dated December 17, 2013 (incorporated by reference to the report on Form 6-K furnished by Ultrapar Participações S.A. filed on December 27, 2013, as amended).

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8.1 | List of subsidiaries of Ultrapar (incorporated by reference to note 3 to our consolidated financial statements included in this annual report).
11.1 | Code of Ethics, amended on March 1, 2018 (incorporated by reference to the report on Form 6-K furnished by Ultrapar Participações S.A. on March 1, 2018).
12.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
12.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
13 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
15.1 | Documentation with respect to our corporate restructuring of 2002 (incorporated by reference to the reports on Form 6-K, furnished on October 15, 2002, November 1, 2002 and December 6, 2002).

There are certain promissory notes and other instruments and agreements with respect to long-term debt of our Company omitted from the exhibits filed with or incorporated by reference into this annual report, none of which authorizes securities in a total amount that exceeds 10% of the total assets of our Company. See “Item 5.B. Operating and Financial Review and Prospect—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Indebtedness”. We hereby agree to furnish to the SEC copies of any such omitted promissory notes or other instruments or agreements as the Commission requests.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant certifies that it meets all requirements for filing on Form 20-F and has duly caused this annual report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

|  | ULTRAPAR PARTICIPAÇÕES S.A.
|  | By: | /S/ FREDERICO PINHEIRO FLEURY CURADO
|  | Name: | Frederico Pinheiro Fleury Curado
|  | Title: | Chief Executive Officer

Date: April 29, 2021 |  | By: | /S/ RODRIGO DE ALMEIDA PIZZINATTO
|  | Name: | Rodrigo de Almeida Pizzinatto
|  | Title: | Chief Financial and Investor Relations Officer

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| Ultrapar Participações S.A. Consolidated Financial Statements as of and for the Year Ended December 3 1, 2020 and Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |

F-1

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Financial Statements
As of Year Ended December 31, 2020

#### Table of C ontents

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | F-3 – F-4
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position | F-5 – F-6
Consolidated Statements of Profit or Loss | F-7
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income | F-8
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity | F-9 – F-11
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Indirect Method | F-12 – F-13
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements | F-14 – F-124

F-2

Table of Contents

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors
Ultrapar Participações S.A.

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of Ultrapar Participações S.A. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of profit or loss, comprehensive income, changes in equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three‑year period ended December 31, 20 20, and the related notes collectively, the consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three‑year period ended December 31, 2020, in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on “criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission”, and our report dated April 29, 2021 expressed “an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Change in Accounting Principle

As discussed in Note 2h to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has changed its method of accounting for lease arrangements as of January 1, 2019 due to the adoption of IFRS 16 “Leases”.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of a critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

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Evaluation of the recoverability of the deferred tax assets

As discussed in note 2.m and note 9.a to the consolidated financial statements, the Company had R$ 1,588,001 thousand of deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2020 of which R$ 1,224,139 thousand was related to temporary differences and R$363,862 thousand was from carry-forward tax losses.The Company prepares a projection of future taxable income projections from business plans of each segment of the Company to support the recognition of deferred tax assets. The projection of future taxable profits involves certain key assumptions that require the Company to make significant judgments, including those relating to growth in gross domestic product (GDP), exchange rate, basic interest rate (SELIC) and DI - (l ocal interbank offering rate), inflation rate, commodity price index, among others. Significant judgment was also required to determine the discount rate. The assumptions relating to future cash flows are based on the business plan and budget prepared by the Company and approved by the Board of Directors.

We identified the evaluation of the recoverability of the deferred tax assets as a critical audit matter because the determination of the key assumptions and the likelihood of future taxable profits by the Company involved significant complexity, judgment and uncertainty and, therefore, required subjective auditor judgment to assess. In addition, the Company’s evaluation of the recoverability of the deferred tax assets was sensitive to possible changes in the key assumptions and judgments.

The primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter included the following:

We evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls over the Company’s process for projecting future taxable profits, including controls related to the development and approval of the underlying assumptions and the final projections of future taxable profits. To assess the Company’s ability to forecast, we compared the Company’s prior year projections of taxable profits for 2020 to actual taxable profits in 2019. Additionally, we analyzed the Company’s history of realizing its deferred tax assets within the periods previously projected. We performed a sensitivity analysis on the assumptions related to growth in GDP, costs, gross margin, exchange rate, interest rates, inflation, the commodity price index and the discount rate to assess their impact on the recoverability of t he deferred tax assets.

We involved corporate finance professionals with specialized skills and knowledge, who assisted in evaluating the assumptions used by the Company in the projections of future taxable profits by comparing them to internal and external sources. We also involved tax professionals with specialized skills and knowledge, who assisted in evaluating of the determination of taxable profits.

KPMG Auditores Independentes

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2017

São Paulo, SP, Brazil

April 29, 2021

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position

A s of December 31, 2020 and 201 9

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais)

| Note |  | 12/31/2020 |  |  | 12/31/2019 |
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | 4.a |  | 2,661,494 |  |  | 2,115,379 |
Financial investments and hedging instruments | 4.b |  | 5,033,258 |  |  | 3,090,212 |
Trade receivables | 5.a |  | 3,318,927 |  |  | 3,635,834 |
Reseller financing | 5.b |  | 549,129 |  |  | 436,188 |
Inventories | 6 |  | 3,846,196 |  |  | 3,715,560 |
Recoverable taxes | 7.a |  | 1,044,850 |  |  | 1,122,335 |
Recoverable income and social contribution taxes | 7.b |  | 366,080 |  |  | 325,343 |
Dividends receivable |  |  | 1,152 |  |  | 3,630 |
Other receivables |  |  | 56,955 |  |  | 36,765 |
Prepaid expenses | 10 |  | 132,122 |  |  | 111,355 |
Contractual assets with customers – exclusive rights | 11 |  | 478,908 |  |  | 465,454 |
Total current assets |  |  | 17,489,071 |  |  | 15,058,055 |
Non-current assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial investments and hedging instruments | 4.b |  | 977,408 |  |  | 506,506 |
Trade receivables | 5.a |  | 72,195 |  |  | 53,666 |
Reseller financing | 5.b |  | 419,255 |  |  | 364,748 |
Related parties | 8.a |  | 2,824 |  |  | 490 |
Deferred income and social contribution taxes | 9.a |  | 974,711 |  |  | 653,694 |
Recoverable taxes | 7.a |  | 1,474,808 |  |  | 767,360 |
Recoverable income and social contribution taxes | 7.b |  | 261,205 |  |  | 104,947 |
Escrow deposits | 22.a |  | 949,796 |  |  | 921,443 |
Indemnification asset – business combination | 22.c |  | 204,439 |  |  | 193,496 |
Other receivables |  |  | 20,238 |  |  | 3,430 |
Prepaid expenses | 10 |  | 70,507 |  |  | 69,216 |
Contractual assets with customers – exclusive rights | 11 |  | 1,227,423 |  |  | 1,000,535 |
Investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |
In joint ventures | 12.a |  | 139,100 |  |  | 153,076 |
In associates | 12.b |  | 25,588 |  |  | 25,750 |
Others |  |  | 2,793 |  |  | 2,793 |
|  |  | 167,481 |  |  | 181,619 |
Right-of-use assets | 13 |  | 2,150,286 |  |  | 1,980,912 |
Property, plant, and equipment | 14 |  | 8,005,860 |  |  | 7,572,762 |
Intangible assets | 15 |  | 1,782,655 |  |  | 1,762,593 |
Total non-current assets |  |  | 18,761,091 |  |  | 16,137,417 |
Total assets |  |  | 36,250,162 |  |  | 31,195,472 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position

A s of December 31, 2020 and 2019

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais)

| Note |  | 12/31/2020 |  |  | 12/31/2019 |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans, financing and hedge derivative financial instruments | 16 |  | 2,306,036 |  |  | 867,871 |
Debentures | 16.g |  | 949,908 |  |  | 249,570 |
Trade payables | 17 |  | 2,745,019 |  |  | 2,158,478 |
Trade payables – reverse factoring | 17 |  | 1,295,633 |  |  | 541,593 |
Salaries and related charges | 18 |  | 468,630 |  |  | 405,636 |
Taxes payable | 19 |  | 286,014 |  |  | 269,922 |
Dividends payable | 25.h |  | 442,133 |  |  | 16,694 |
Income and social contribution taxes payable |  |  | 169,317 |  |  | 164,757 |
Post-employment benefits | 20.b |  | 27,077 |  |  | 28,951 |
Provision for asset retirement obligation | 21 |  | 4,267 |  |  | 3,847 |
Provision for tax, civil, and labor risks | 22.a |  | 43,660 |  |  | 40,455 |
Leases payable | 13 |  | 260,189 |  |  | 206,396 |
Other payables |  |  | 224,676 |  |  | 213,273 |
Deferred revenue | 23 |  | 18,282 |  |  | 27,626 |
Total current liabilities |  |  | 9,240,841 |  |  | 5,195,069 |
Non-current liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans, financing and hedge derivative financial instruments | 16 |  | 8,526,064 |  |  | 6,907,113 |
Debentures | 16.g |  | 5,594,208 |  |  | 6,368,168 |
Related parties | 8.a |  | 3,711 |  |  | 3,925 |
Deferred income and social contribution taxes | 9.a |  | 12,732 |  |  | 7,531 |
Post-employment benefits | 20.b |  | 257,647 |  |  | 243,916 |
Provision for asset retirement obligation | 21 |  | 49,168 |  |  | 47,395 |
Provision for tax, civil, and labor risks | 22.a; 22.c |  | 854,385 |  |  | 884,140 |
Leases payable | 13 |  | 1,573,099 |  |  | 1,382,277 |
Subscription warrants – indemnification | 24 |  | 86,439 |  |  | 130,657 |
Provision for short-term liabilities of joint venture | 12.a |  | 2,096 |  |  | - |
Other payables |  |  | 139,507 |  |  | 190,106 |
Total non-current liabilities |  |  | 17,099,056 |  |  | 16,165,228 |
Equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Share capital | 25.a; 25.f |  | 5,171,752 |  |  | 5,171,752 |
Equity instrument granted | 25.b |  | 22,404 |  |  | 11,970 |
Capital reserve | 25.d |  | 594,049 |  |  | 542,400 |
Treasury shares | 25.c |  | (489,068 | ) |  | (485,383 | )
Revaluation reserve on subsidiaries | 25.e |  | 4,337 |  |  | 4,522 |
Profit reserves | 25.f |  | 4,408,275 |  |  | 3,995,414 |
Valuation adjustments | 25.g.1 |  | (464,990 | ) |  | (146,317 | )
Cumulative translation adjustments | 25.g.2 |  | 231,596 |  |  | 102,427 |
Additional dividends to the minimum mandatory dividends | 25.h |  | 55,391 |  |  | 261,470 |
Equity attributable to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Shareholders of the Company |  |  | 9,533,746 |  |  | 9,458,255 |
Non-controlling interests in subsidiaries |  |  | 376,519 |  |  | 376,920 |
Total equity |  |  | 9,910,265 |  |  | 9,835,175 |
Total liabilities and equity |  |  | 36,250,162 |  |  | 31,195,472 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-6

Table of Contents

Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Profit or Loss

For the years ended December 3 1, 2020, 2019 and 2018

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, except earnings per share)

| Note |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |
Net revenue from sales and services | 26 |  | 81,241,102 |  |  | 89,297,975 |  |  | 90,697,983 |
Cost of products and services sold | 27 |  | (75,628,214 | ) |  | (83,187,109 | ) |  | (84,537,368 | )
Gross profit |  |  | 5,612,888 |  |  | 6,110,866 |  |  | 6,160,615 |
Operating income (expenses) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Selling and marketing | 27 |  | (2,547,850 | ) |  | (2,610,384 | ) |  | (2,601,617 | )
Expected losses on doubtful accounts |  |  | (13,947 | ) |  | (30,003 | ) |  | (69,250 | )
General and administrative | 27 |  | (1,536,580 | ) |  | (1,726,253 | ) |  | (1,625,839 | )
Gain (loss) on disposal of property, plant and equipment and intangibles | 28 |  | 76,150 |  |  | (30,019 | ) |  | (22,088 | )
Impairment | 15; 28 |  | - |  |  | (593,280 | ) |  | - |
Other operating income, net | 29 |  | 221,394 |  |  | 179,625 |  |  | 57,533 |
Operating income before finance income (expenses) and share of profit (loss) of joint ventures and associates |  |  | 1,812,055 |  |  | 1,300,552 |  |  | 1,899,354 |
Share of profit (loss) of joint ventures and associates | 12 |  | (43,617 | ) |  | (12,145 | ) |  | (14,779 | )
Operating income before finance income (expenses) and income and social contribution taxes |  |  | 1,768,438 |  |  | 1,288,407 |  |  | 1,884,575 |
Finance income | 30 |  | 527,710 |  |  | 457,289 |  |  | 681,235 |
Finance expenses | 30 |  | (797,084 | ) |  | (964,143 | ) |  | (794,771 | )
Financial result, net | 30 |  | (269,374 | ) |  | (506,854 | ) |  | (113,536 | )
Income before income and social contribution taxes |  |  | 1,499,064 |  |  | 781,553 |  |  | 1,771,039 |
Income and social contribution taxes |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current | 9.b; 9.c |  | (659,306 | ) |  | (476,074 | ) |  | (476,302 | )
Deferred | 9.b |  | 87,939 |  |  | 97,465 |  |  | (162,417 | )
|  |  | (571,367 | ) |  | (378,609 | ) |  | (638,719 | )
Net income for the year |  |  | 927,697 |  |  | 402,944 |  |  | 1,132,320 |
Income attributable to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Shareholders of the Company |  |  | 893,383 |  |  | 373,526 |  |  | 1,150,421 |
Non-controlling interests in subsidiaries |  |  | 34,314 |  |  | 29,418 |  |  | (18,101 | )
Earnings per share (based on weighted average number of shares outstanding) – R$ |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | 31 |  | 0.8218 |  |  | 0.3437 |  |  | 1.0589 |
Diluted | 31 |  | 0.8170 |  |  | 0.3418 |  |  | 1.0530 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated f inancial statements

F-7

Table of Contents

Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

For the years e nded December 3 1, 2020, 2019 and 2018

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais)

| Note |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |
Net income for the year |  |  | 927,697 |  |  | 402,944 |  |  | 1,132,320 |
Items that are subsequently reclassified to profit or loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair value adjustments of financial instruments of subsidiaries, net | 25.g.1 |  | (313,271 | ) |  | (51,319 | ) |  | (213,937 | )
Fair value adjustments of financial instruments of joint ventures, net | 25.g.1 |  | 190 |  |  | (978 | ) |  | (2,329 | )
Cumulative translation adjustments and hedge of net investments in foreign operations, net | 25.g.2 |  | 129,169 |  |  | 36,570 |  |  | 12,796 |
Items that are not subsequently reclassified to profit or loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Actuarial gain (losses) of post-employment benefits of subsidiaries, net | 25.g.1 |  | (17,762 | ) |  | (29,996 | ) |  | (5,282 | )
Actuarial gain (losses) of post-employment benefits of joint ventures, net | 25.g.1 |  | 875 |  |  | (6,791 | ) |  | (1,375 | )
Total comprehensive income for the year |  |  | 726,898 |  |  | 350,430 |  |  | 922,193 |
Total comprehensive income for the period attributable to shareholders of the Company |  |  | 703,879 |  |  | 327,768 |  |  | 944,404 |
Total comprehensive income for the period attributable to non-controlling interest in subsidiaries |  |  | 23,019 |  |  | 22,662 |  |  | (22,211 | )

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-8

Table of Contents

Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

For the years e nded December 3 1, 2020, 2019 and 2018

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, except dividends per share)

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Profit reserve |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Equity attributable to: |  |
| Note |  | Share capital |  | Equity instrument granted |  | Capital reserve |  | Treasury shares |  | Revaluation reserve on subsidiaries |  | Legal reserve |  | Investments statutory reserve |  | Valuation adjustments |  | Cumulative translation adjustments |  | Retained earnings |  | Additional dividends to the minimum mandatory dividends |  | Shareholders of the Company |  | Non-controlling interests in subsidiaries |  | Consolidated equity
Balance as of December 31, 2019 |  |  | 5,171,752 |  | 11,970 |  | 542,400 |  | (485,383 | ) | 4,522 |  | 705,341 |  | 3,290,073 |  | (146,317) |  | 102,427 |  | - |  | 261,470 |  | 9,458,255 |  | 376,920 |  | 9,835,175
Net income for the year |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 893,383 |  | - |  | 893,383 |  | 34,314 |  | 927,697
Other comprehensive income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair value adjustments of available for financial instruments, net of income taxes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Subsidiaries | 25.g.1 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (313,271) |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (313,271) |  | - |  | (313,271)
Joint ventures | 12.a; 25.g.1 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 190 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 190 |  | - |  | 190
Actuarial (gain) losses of post-employment benefits, net of income taxes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Subsidiaries | 25.g.1 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (6,467) |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (6,467) |  | (11,295) |  | (17,762)
Joint ventures | 12.a; 25.g.1 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 875 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 875 |  | - |  | 875
Currency translation of foreign subsidiaries, including the effect of net investments hedge | 25.g.2 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 129,169 |  | - |  | - |  | 129,169 |  | - |  | 129,169
Total comprehensive income for the year |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (318,673) |  | 129,169 |  | 893,383 |  | - |  | 703,879 |  | 23,019 |  | 726,898
Issuance of shares related to the subscription warrants - indemnification - Extrafarma acquisition | 25.d |  | - |  | - |  | 54,763 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 54,763 |  | - |  | 54,763
Stock plan | 8.c |  | - |  | - |  | (3,114 | ) | (3,685 | ) | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (6,799) |  | - |  | (6,799)
Equity instrument granted | 25.b |  | - |  | 4,526 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 4,526 |  | - |  | 4,526
Equity instrument granted of subsidiaries | 25.b |  | - |  | 5,908 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 5,908 |  | - |  | 5,908
Income and social contribution taxes on realization of revaluation reserve of subsidiaries | 25.e |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (185) |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 185 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | -
Transfer to statutory reserve |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (774) |  | - |  | - |  | 774 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | -
Loss due to the payments fixed dividends to preferred shares |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (1,001) |  | - |  | (1,001) |  | 1,001 |  | -
Shareholder transaction – changes of investiments |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 42 |  | - |  | 42 |  | (42) |  | -
Dividends attributable to non-controlling interests |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (24,379) |  | (24,379)
Approval of additional dividends by the Shareholders’ Meeting | 25.h |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (261,470) |  | (261,470) |  | - |  | (261,470)
Allocation of net income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Legal reserve | 25.f; 25.h |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 44,669 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (44,669) |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | -
Investments statutory reserve | 25.f; 25.h |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 368,966 |  | - |  | - |  | (368,966) |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | -
Proposed dividends (R$ 0.44 per share) | 25.h |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (479,748) |  | 55,391 |  | (424,357) |  | - |  | (424,357)
Balance as of December 31, 2020 |  |  | 5,171,752 |  | 22,404 |  | 594,049 |  | (489,068 | ) | 4,337 |  | 750,010 |  | 3,658,265 |  | (464,990) |  | 231,596 |  | - |  | 55,391 |  | 9,533,746 |  | 376,519 |  | 9,910,265

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-9

Table of Contents

Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

For the years e nded December 3 1, 2020, 2019 and 2018

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, except dividends per share)

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Profit reserve |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Equity attributable to: |  |
| Note |  | Share capital |  | Equity instrument granted |  | Capital reserve |  | Treasury shares |  | Revaluation reserve on subsidiaries |  | Legal reserve |  | Investments statutory reserve |  | Valuation adjustments |  | Cumulative translation adjustments |  | Retained earnings |  | Additional dividends to the minimum mandatory dividends |  | Shareholders of the Company |  | Non-controlling interests in subsidiaries |  | Consolidated equity
Balance as of December 31, 2018 |  |  | 5,171,752 |  | 4,309 |  | 542,400 |  | (485,383) |  | 4,712 |  | 686,665 |  | 3,412,427 |  | (63,989) |  | 65,857 |  | - |  | 109,355 |  | 9,448,105 |  | 351,924 |  | 9,800,029
Net income for the year |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 373,526 |  | - |  | 373,526 |  | 29,418 |  | 402,944
Other comprehensive income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair value adjustments of available for financial instruments, net of income taxes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Subsidiaries | 25.g.1 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (51,340) |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (51,340) |  | 21 |  | (51,319)
Joint ventures | 12.a; 25.g.1 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (978) |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (978) |  | - |  | (978)
Actuarial losses of post-employment benefits, net of income taxes | 25.g.1 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (30,010) |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (30,010) |  | (6,777) |  | (36,787)
Currency translation of foreign subsidiaries, including the effect of net investments hedge | 25.g.2 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 36,570 |  | - |  | - |  | 36,570 |  | - |  | 36,570
Total comprehensive income for the year |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (82,328) |  | 36,570 |  | 373,526 |  | - |  | 327,768 |  | 22,662 |  | 350,430
Equity instrument granted os subsidiaries | 25.b |  | - |  | 7,661 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 7,661 |  | - |  | 7,661
Shareholder transaction - gain in reimbursement of shares pref. B from Oxiteno Nordeste |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 1,489 |  | - |  | 1,489 |  | (1,489) |  | -
Realization of revaluation reserve of subsidiaries | 25.e |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (190) |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 190 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | -
Income and social contribution taxes on realization of revaluation reserve of subsidiaries | 25.e |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (31) |  | - |  | (31) |  | - |  | (31)
Transfer to statutory reserve |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 1,648 |  | - |  | - |  | (1,648) |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | -
Dividends attributable to non-controlling interests |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (993) |  | (993)
Redemption of non-controlling shares of Oxiteno Nordeste |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (2,180) |  | (2,180)
Capital increase from Iconic non-controlling shareholders |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 6,996 |  | 6,996
Approval of additional dividends by the Shareholders’ Meeting | 25.h |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (109,355) |  | (109,355) |  | - |  | (109,355)
Allocation of net income: |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | -
Legal reserve | 25.f; 25.h |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 18,676 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (18,676) |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | -
Interim dividends (R$ 0.20 per share of the Company) | 25.h |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (217,382) |  | - |  | (217,382) |  | - |  | (217,382)
Proposed dividends (R$ 0.24 per share of the Company) | 25.h |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | (124,002) |  | - |  | - |  | (137,468) |  | 261,470 |  | - |  | - |  | -
Balance as of December 31, 2019 |  |  | 5,171,752 |  | 11,970 |  | 542,400 |  | (485,383) |  | 4,522 |  | 705,341 |  | 3,290,073 |  | (146,317) |  | 102,427 |  | - |  | 261,470 |  | 9,458,255 |  | 376,920 |  | 9,835,175

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-10

Table of Contents

Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

For the years ended December 3 1, 2020, 2019 and 2018

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, except dividends per share)

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Profit reserve |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Shareholders’ equity attributable to: |  |  |  |
| Note |  | Share capital |  | Equity instrument granted |  | Capital reserve |  |  | Treasury shares |  |  | Revaluation reserve on subsidiaries |  |  | Legal reserve |  | Investments statutory reserve |  | Valuation adjustments |  |  | Cumulative translation adjustments |  | Retained earnings |  |  | Additional dividends to the minimum mandatory dividends |  |  | Shareholders of the Company |  |  | Non-controlling interests in subsidiaries |  |  | Consolidated shareholders’ equity |
Balance as of December 31, 2017 |  |  | 5,171,752 |  | 536 |  | 549,778 |  |  | (482,260 | ) |  | 4,930 |  |  | 629,144 |  | 3,000,707 |  | 154,824 |  |  | 53,061 |  | - |  |  | 163,742 |  |  | 9,246,214 |  |  | 377,824 |  |  | 9,624,038 |
Net income for the year |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  | 1,150,421 |  |  | - |  |  | 1,150,421 |  |  | (18,101 | ) |  | 1,132,320 |
Other comprehensive income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair value adjustments of financial assets | 25.g.1 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  | (216,245 | ) |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (216,245 | ) |  | (21 | ) |  | (216,266) |
Actuarial losses of post-employment benefits, net of income taxes | 25.g.1 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  | (2,568 | ) |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (2,568 | ) |  | (4,089 | ) |  | (6,657) |
Currency translation of foreign subsidiaries, including the effect of net investments hedge | 25.g.2 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | 12,796 |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 12,796 |  |  | - |  |  | 12,796 |
Total comprehensive income for the year |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  | (218,813 | ) |  | 12,796 |  | 1,150,421 |  |  | - |  |  | 944,404 |  |  | (22,211 | ) |  | 922,193 |
Equity instrument granted | 25.b |  | - |  | 3,773 |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 3,773 |  |  | - |  |  | 3,773 |
Stock plan | 8.c; 25.c |  | - |  | - |  | (7,378 | ) |  | (3,123 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (10,501 | ) |  | - |  |  | (10,501) |
Realization of revaluation reserve of subsidiaries | 25.e |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (218 | ) |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  | 218 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Income and social contribution taxes on realization of revaluation reserve of subsidiaries | 25.e |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  | (3 | ) |  | - |  |  | (3 | ) |  | - |  |  | (3) |
Expired dividends |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  | 3,170 |  |  | - |  |  | 3,170 |  |  | - |  |  | 3,170 |
Transfer to investments reserve |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | 3,385 |  | - |  |  | - |  | (3,385 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Additional dividends attributable to non-controlling interests |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (3,689 | ) |  | (3,689) |
Approval of additional dividends by the Shareholders’ Meeting | 25.h |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  |  | (163,742 | ) |  | (163,742 | ) |  | - |  |  | (163,742) |
Allocation of net income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Legal reserve | 25.f; 25.h |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 57,521 |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  | (57,521 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Interim dividends (R$ 0.56 per share of the Company) | 25.h |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  | (304,241 | ) |  | - |  |  | (304,241 | ) |  | - |  |  | (304,241) |
Proposed dividends (R$ 0.70 per share of the Company) | 25.h |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  | (380,324 | ) |  | 109,355 |  |  | (270,969 | ) |  | - |  |  | (270,969) |
Statutory reserve | 25.f; 25.h |  | - |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | 408,335 |  | - |  |  | - |  | (408,335 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Balance as of December 30, 2018 |  |  | 5,171,752 |  | 4,309 |  | 542,400 |  |  | (485,383 | ) |  | 4,712 |  |  | 686,665 |  | 3,412,427 |  | (63,989 | ) |  | 65,857 |  | - |  |  | 109,355 |  |  | 9,448,105 |  |  | 351,924 |  |  | 9,800,029 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Indirect Method

For the years ended December 3 1, 2020, 2019 and 2018

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais)

| Note |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |
Cash flows from operating activities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income for the year |  |  | 927,697 |  |  | 402,944 |  |  | 1,132,320 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Share of loss (profit) of joint ventures and associates | 12 |  | 43,617 |  |  | 12,145 |  |  | 14,779 |
Amortization of contractual assets with customers – exclusive rights | 11 |  | 289,436 |  |  | 355,250 |  |  | 371,825 |
Amortization of right-of-use assets | 13.a |  | 328,322 |  |  | 300,058 |  |  | - |
Depreciation and amortization | 14; 15 |  | 938,841 |  |  | 844,647 |  |  | 812,489 |
PIS and COFINS credits on depreciation | 14; 15 |  | 15,683 |  |  | 14,918 |  |  | 15,721 |
Interest and foreign exchange rate variations |  |  | 904,937 |  |  | 1,248,741 |  |  | 1,026,515 |
Deferred income and social contribution taxes | 9.b |  | (87,939 | ) |  | (97,465 | ) |  | 162,417 |
(Loss) Gain on disposal of property, plant, and equipment and intangibles | 28 |  | (76,150 | ) |  | 30,019 |  |  | 22,088 |
Impairment | 15.a; 28 |  | - |  |  | 593,280 |  |  | - |
Expected losses on doubtful accounts | 5 |  | 13,947 |  |  | 30,003 |  |  | 69,250 |
Provision for losses in inventories | 6 |  | 269 |  |  | (816 | ) |  | (1,498 | )
Provision for post-employment benefits | 20.b |  | (22,950 | ) |  | 10,682 |  |  | 4,854 |
Equity instrument granted | 8.c |  | 10,434 |  |  | 7,661 |  |  | 3,773 |
Provision of decarbonization - CBIO | 15; 29 |  | 124,287 |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Provision for tax, civil, and labor risks | 22.a; 22.c |  | 18,817 |  |  | 6,604 |  |  | 48,828 |
Other provisions and adjustments |  |  | (795 | ) |  | 2,364 |  |  | (3,908 | )
|  |  | 3,428,453 |  |  | 3,761,035 |  |  | 3,679,453 |
(Increase) decrease in current assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Trade receivables and reseller financing | 5 |  | 209,468 |  |  | 361,563 |  |  | (355,854 | )
Inventories | 6 |  | (125,001 | ) |  | (357,553 | ) |  | 168,704 |
Recoverable taxes | 7 |  | 36,748 |  |  | (550,805 | ) |  | (11,467 | )
Dividends received from joint ventures |  |  | 4,836 |  |  | 4,108 |  |  | 42,436 |
Other receivables |  |  | (20,191 | ) |  | 21,737 |  |  | (14,536 | )
Prepaid expenses | 10 |  | (74,622 | ) |  | (15,507 | ) |  | (37,525 | )
Increase (decrease) in current liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Trade payables | 17 |  | 1,147,541 |  |  | (31,605 | ) |  | 576,164 |
Salaries and related charges | 18 |  | 62,994 |  |  | (22,556 | ) |  | 40,074 |
Taxes payable | 19 |  | 16,092 |  |  | 1,917 |  |  | 46,476 |
Income and social contribution taxes |  |  | 347,224 |  |  | 250,486 |  |  | 166,527 |
Post-employment benefits | 20.b |  | (1,874 | ) |  | (16,704 | ) |  | 15,596 |
Other payables |  |  | 307 |  |  | 66,819 |  |  | (59,237 | )
Deferred revenue | 23 |  | (9,344 | ) |  | 1,054 |  |  | 8,159 |
(Increase) decrease in non-current assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Trade receivables and reseller financing | 5 |  | (73,036 | ) |  | 11,422 |  |  | (99,622 | )
Recoverable taxes | 7 |  | (863,706 | ) |  | (19,526 | ) |  | (539,539 | )
Escrow deposits |  |  | (28,353 | ) |  | (39,936 | ) |  | (58,757 | )
Other receivables |  |  | (27,751 | ) |  | (797 | ) |  | 6,350 |
Prepaid expenses | 10 |  | 14,965 |  |  | (4,379 | ) |  | (58,735 | )

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Indirect Method

For the years ended December 3 1, 2020, 2019 and 2018

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais)

|  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |
Increase (decrease) in non-current liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Post-employment benefits | 20.b |  | 12,072 |  |  | (15,415 | ) |  | (8,457 | )
Other payables |  |  | (49,282 | ) |  | 27,698 |  |  | (4,397 | )
Deferred revenue | 23 |  | - |  |  | (11,850 | ) |  | (1,046 | )
Acquisition of CBIO | 15 |  | (125,345 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |
Payments of contractual assets with customers – exclusive rights | 11 |  | (356,045 | ) |  | (330,068 | ) |  | (390,177 | )
Payments of contingencies | 22.a |  | (45,367 | ) |  | (25,080 | ) |  | (23,745 | )
Income and social contribution taxes paid |  |  | (342,664 | ) |  | (141,206 | ) |  | (197,886 | )
Net cash provided by operating activities |  |  | 3,138,119 |  |  | 2,924,852 |  |  | 2,888,959 |
Cash flows from investing activities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial investments, net of redemptions | 4.b |  | (1,116,774 | ) |  | (555,378 | ) |  | (1,669,937 | )
Cash of companies acquired | 3.c |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 3,662 |
Acquisition of property, plant, and equipment | 14 |  | (965,747 | ) |  | (1,020,042 | ) |  | (1,178,312 | )
Acquisition of intangible assets | 15 |  | (185,067 | ) |  | (151,997 | ) |  | (237,593 | )
Acquisition of companies | 3.c |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (103,373 | )
Capital increase in joint ventures | 12.b |  | (28,840 | ) |  | (79,124 | ) |  | (31,908 | )
Capital reduction in associates | 12.b |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 1,250 |
Initial direct costs of right-of-use assets | 13 |  | - |  |  | (68,007 | ) |  | - |
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant, and equipment and intangibles | 28 |  | 160,023 |  |  | 39,287 |  |  | 38,578 |
Net cash used in investing activities |  |  | (2,136,405 | ) |  | (1,835,261 | ) |  | (3,177,633 | )
Cash flows from financing activities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans and debentures |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds | 16 |  | 3,591,624 |  |  | 2,105,737 |  |  | 4,461,112 |
Repayments | 16 |  | (2,795,002 | ) |  | (2,644,704 | ) |  | (3,710,718 | )
Interest paid | 16 |  | (740,853 | ) |  | (1,469,780 | ) |  | (737,564 | )
Payments of lease | 13 |  | (360,787 | ) |  | (321,716 | ) |  | (5,120 | )
Dividends paid | 25.h |  | (284,767 | ) |  | (596,436 | ) |  | (808,603 | )
Redemption of non-controlling shares of Oxiteno Nordeste |  |  | - |  |  | (2,180 | ) |  | - |
Capital increase from Iconic non-controlling shareholders |  |  | - |  |  | 6,996 |  |  | - |
Related parties | 8.a |  | (2,548 | ) |  | (146 | ) |  | (114 | )
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |  |  | (592,333 | ) |  | (2,922,229 | ) |  | (801,007 | )
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents in foreign currency |  |  | 136,734 |  |  | 9,066 |  |  | 26,628 |
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |  |  | 546,115 |  |  | (1,823,572 | ) |  | (1,063,053 | )
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year | 4.a |  | 2,115,379 |  |  | 3,938,951 |  |  | 5,002,004 |
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year | 4.a |  | 2,661,494 |  |  | 2,115,379 |  |  | 3,938,951 |
Transactions without cash effect: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Addition on right-of-use assets and leases payable | 13.a |  | 484,121 |  |  | 334,857 |  |  | - |
Addition on contractual assets with customers – exclusive rights | 11 |  | 193,040 |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Reversion fund – private pension | 10; 20.a |  | 47,088 |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Issuance of shares related to the subscription warrants - indemnification - Extrafarma acquisition | 25.d |  | 54,763 |  |  | - |  |  | - |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

# 1. Operations

Ultrapar Participações S.A. (“Ultrapar” or “Company”) is a publicly-traded company headquartered at the Brigadeiro Luis Antônio Avenue, 1343 in the city of São Paulo – SP, Brazil, listed on B3 S.A. – Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão (“B3”), in the Novo Mercado listing segment under the ticker “UGPA3” and on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) in the form of level III American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”) under the ticker “UGP”.

The Company engages in the investment of its own capital in services, commercial, and industrial activities, through the subscription or acquisition of shares of other companies. Through its subsidiaries, it operates in the segments of liquefied petroleum gas - LPG distribution (“Ultragaz”), fuel distribution and related businesses (“Ipiranga”), production and marketing of chemicals (“Oxiteno”), and storage services for liquid bulk (“Ultracargo”) and retail distribution of pharmaceutical, hygiene, beauty, and skincare products (“Extrafarma”). The information about segments are disclosed in Note 32.

a. Clarifications on the impacts of COVID-19

The World Health Organization (“WHO”) declared a coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) on March 11, 2020. To contain a spread of the virus in Brazil, the Ministry of Health (“MH”) and the state governments announced several actions to reduce the agglomeration and movement of people, including the closing of commerce, parks and common areas. In this context, the Company created a Crisis Committee to keep up with it and monitor the main risks and adopt preventive and emergency measures to reduce the pandemic effects.

Since the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic, the Company and its subsidiaries acted i n numerous initiatives to ensure the safety and security of its employees and the stability and continuity of its operations and partners, the financial solidity of the Company. All the activities of the companies controlled by the Company are classified as essential in the context of the measures adopted to face the pandemic.

The Company and its subsidiaries quickly adopted the work at home (expressed by home office) for the administrative public, with all the necessary support for the operational continuity. In addition to basic safety concerns with employees, companies implemented several initiatives aimed at welfare, such as virtual meetings, psychological support and concern for ergonomics, following the principle of valuing people.

Through a multidisciplinary committee, a plan for the gradual resumption of employees from administrative areas to offices was structured and included the adoption of numerous preventive measures and intensification of cleaning and safety, according to the guidelines of the state governments and municipal and health entities.

For the purpose to preserve job positions and mitigate the impacts of the crisis, the Company and its subsidiaries made use of resources made available by the government, such as reduced working hours and/or wages, suspension of contracts and reorganization of the vacation plan, as required.

The emergency measures and speed in answer to the first effects of the crisis, as well as initiatives to support the supply chain, were effective to keep the activities of the subsidiaries in operation, ensuring the delivery of essential services to the population and preserving the health and security of employees and partners.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

Uncertainty remains to what extent the financial information, after December 3 1, 2020, may be affected by the commercial, operational and financial impacts of the pandemic, because it will depend on its duration and the impacts on economic activities, as well as government, business in response to the crisis. In this context, some financial risk assessments, projections and impairment tests, in connection with the preparation of th ese financial statements, may be impacted by the pandemic, and may adversely affect the financial position of the Company and its subsidiaries.

Operational impacts

The implemented measures of social isolation, restrictions on the movement of people and the operation of certain businesses significantly impacted economic activity in Brazil.

Ultragaz presented in the second quarter a redu c tion in the volume sold in the bulk segment, because of the lower demand from industries and small and medium-sized companies, that were directly impacted by the social isolation measures. However, this effect was compensated by the increase in sales in the bottled segment, due to the higher demand for LPG for residential use. In terms of costs and expenses, Ultragaz incurred additional freight expenses, due to the need to remove LPG on more distant supply bases, protection materials and temporary workers, in addition to numerous donations to hospitals focused in the pandemic and needy communities. There was no record of an increase in clients payment defaults in the period. In the third and fourth quarters, Ultragaz had a recovery in volume in the bulk segment, due the resumption of the industry, while sales in the bottled segment continued gradually returning to pre-pandemic levels.

At Ultracargo no relevant operating impacts due to the pandemic were noted. Ultracargo provided support to the Pernambuco Solidário (solidarity) campaign against COVID-19, lead by Associação Incubadora Porto Social and the state government, and donated hospital equipment and beds in the states of Maranhão and Pará. Ultracargo also donated 3 thousand basic baskets of goods to local communities nearby its six port terminals.

At Oxiteno, the paint, automotive and oil & gas industries suffered a retraction in demand in the second quarter of 2020, an effect that was partially compensated by the higher sales volume in the Home & Personal Care and Crop Solutions segments. In the third quarter, Oxiteno had a recovery in sales volume for the automotive fluids, paint and varnishes, with maintenance of increasing volumes for the hygiene and beauty sector. In the fourth quarter of 2020, Oxiteno's volume was practically in line with the third quarter. In addition, the US A unit continued to ramp-up, contributing to the increase in sales volume in the period and the recovery of the company's profitability.

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

Ipiranga was the business most impacted by the crisis due to the measures for isolation and social distanc ing. In April, volumes sold for the Otto cycle and diesel registered a reduction of 37% (unaudited) and 17% (unaudited), respectively, compared to the same period of the last year. In May and June of 2020, volumes sold improved gradually compared to April. In addition, the volatility in the prices of oil and oil products since the end of March, combined with a fall in the price of ethanol in April, caused inventories losses in the second quarter. To mitigate these effects, the company acted promptly with initiatives to retain cash and reduce expenses in several areas, which made it possible to reduce general, administrative and sales expenses. In the third quarter of 2020, the Company is observed a gradual evolution in the volumes sold of fuels over the quarter and an improvement in the operating environment. In the fourth quarter, the volume sold was 5% (unaudited) higher than the third quarter, with an 18% (unaudited) growth in the Otto cycle, as a result of the gradual recovery over the months, offset by the 5% (unaudited) reduction in diesel.

Extrafarma recorded a 3% decrease in sales, mainly due to the temporary closure of brick-and-mortar drugstores located in shopping centers and reduced costumer’s flow at the drugstores that remained open. To oppose this effect, sales were implemented through alternative delivery channels and partnerships with delivery applications. In addition, the extension of Provisional Measure 936 by the government, involving the suspension of labor contracts and temporary reduction in wages. In the third quarter of 2020, Extrafarma reopen ed the stores located in malls, contributing to an increase in revenue and cost dilution compared to the second quarter. During the fourth quarter, stores located in malls remained with a flow of people below the pre-pandemic period.

Main risks and associated measures

Credit risk - the subsidiary Ipiranga implemented a help package for Ipiranga resellers, including anticipation of sales credits through the Abastece Aí application, postponement of lease and financing payments and temporary suspension of volume performance clauses. These actions soft e ned the impacts of the pandemic on Ipiranga’s clients' financial condition and, consequently, mitigated its potential effects on Ipiranga's default rates, that remained at the same levels as 2019. The effects of expected losses on doubtful accounts of quarter ended December 3 1, 2020 are disclosed in Notes 5 and 33.d.

Risk of impairment and intangible assets of indefinite useful life - the Company and its subsidiaries reviewed the projections used in impairment tests and assets allocated to cash generation units, considering the current impacts of the pandemic. The impairment tests did not indicate the need to recogni ze a provision for losses as of December 3 1, 2020.

Risk of realization of deferred tax assets - the Company and its subsidiaries realized technical feasibility study of the constitution and realization of deferred tax credits, considering the current projections approved by the Board of Directors for each business segment a nd did not identify the need for write-offs for the period ended on December 3 1, 2020.

Risks in financial instruments - the increase in volatility in financial markets may impact financial results according to sensitivity analyzes presented in Note 33.

Liquidity risk – w ith the objective to strengthen the Company's liquidity and cash position, in view of the uncertainty generated by the pandemic, at the end of March and start April 2020, the Company and the subsidiary IPP obtained R$ 1.5 billion in new financing maturing in one year. Of this total, R$ 1.3 billion was obtained through the issuance of promissory notes with credit in April 2020 of w hich R$ 0.3 billion was paid in advance in November 2020. In addition, as a measure of cash containment, the Company announced in April a reduction of approximately 30% in its investment plan for 2020 and in August, the management opted to not pay interim dividends for the year of 2020. As stated in the Bylaws, the minimum mandatory dividends will be paid after the disclosure of the year's results.

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

In July 2020, the Company reopened bonds issued on the market maturing in 2029 and raised US$ 350 million with a coupon of 5.25% per year. The proceeds were used to pay debts maturing in the short term, allowing the Company's debt profile to be lengthened, in addition to strengthening its cash position.

# 2. Presentation of f inancial statements and s ummary of s ignificant a ccounting p olicies

The consolidated financial statements (“financial statements”) were prepared in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standard s (“IFRS”) issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”).

The presentation currency of the Company’s financial statements is the Brazilian Real (“R$”), which is the Company’s functional currency.

The Company and its subsidiaries applied the accounting policies described below in a consistent manner for all years presented in these financial statements, except for the adoption of IFRS 16 as of January 1, 2019 as described in Note 2.h.

a. Recognition of revenue

Revenue of sales and services rendered is measured at the value of the consideration that the Company's subsidiaries expect to be entitled to, net of sales returns, discounts, amortization of contractual assets with customers and other deduction s, if applicable, being recognized as the entity fulfills its performance obligation and freight mode of delivery. At Ipiranga, the r evenue from sales of fuels and lubricants is recognized when the products are delivered to gas stations and to large consumers. At Ultragaz, r evenue from sales of LPG is recognized when the products are delivered to customers at home, to independent dealers and to industrial and commercial customers. At Extrafarma, the r evenue from sales of pharmaceutical s is recognized when the products are delivered to end user customers in own drugstores and when the products are delivered to independent resellers. At Oxiteno, the r evenue from sales of chemical products is recognized when the products are delivered to industrial customers. At Ultracargo, t he revenue provided from storage services is recognized as services are performed. The breakdown s of revenue s from sales and services are shown in N ote s 2 6 and 3 2.

Amortization of contract ual assets with customers for the exclusive rights in Ipiranga’s reseller service stations and the bonus es paid in performance obligation sales are recognized in the income statement as a d eduction of the revenue from sale a ccord ing to the conditions established in the agreements whic h is reviewed as per the changes occurred in the agreements (see Notes 2.f and 11).

The am/pm franchising upfront fee received by Ipiranga is deferred and recognized in profit or loss as the entity fulfills each performance obligation throughout the terms of the agreements with the franchisees. For more information, see Note 2 3.a.

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

Deferred revenue from loyalty program is recognized in the income statement when the points are redeemed, on which occasion the costs incurred are also recognized in profit or loss. Deferred revenue of unredeemed points is also recognized in profit or loss when points expire. For more information, see Note 23.b.

Costs of products sold and services provided include goods (mainly fuels, lubricants, LPG, and pharmaceutical products), raw materials (chemicals and petrochemicals) and production, distribution, storage, and fulfillment costs.

Exchange variations and the results of derivative financial instruments are presented in the statement of profit and loss on finance expenses.

Research and development expenses are recognized in the statements of profit or loss in general and administrative expenses and amounted to R$ 63,746 in 2020 (R$ 61,589 in 2019 and R$ 63,085 in 2018).

b. Cash and c ash e quivalents

Include s cash, banks deposits, and short-term up to 90 days of maturity, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into a known amount of cash and are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value. F or further information on cash and cash equivalents of the Company and its subsidiaries, see Note 4.a.

c. Financial assets

T he Company and its subsidiaries evaluated the classification and measurement of financial assets based on its business model of financial assets as follows:

- Amortized cost: financial assets held in order to collect contractual cash flows, solely principal and interest. The interest earned and the foreign currency exchange variation are recognized in profit or loss and balances are stated at acquisition cost plus the interest earned, using the effective interest rate method. Financial investments in guarantee of loans are classified as amortized cost.

- Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income: financial assets that are acquired or originated for the purpose of collecting contractual cash flows or selling financial assets. The balances are stated at fair value, and the interest earned, and the foreign currency exchange variation are recognized in profit or loss. Differences between fair value and initial amount of financial investments plus the interest earned are recognized in equity in other comprehensive income in the “Valuation adjustments”. Accumulated gains and losses recognized in equity are reclassified to profit or loss at the time of their settlement. Substantially the financial investments in Bank Certificates of Deposit (“CDB”) and repurchase agreements are classified as measured at fair value through other comprehensive income.

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

- Measured at fair value through profit or loss: financial assets that were not classified as amortized cost or measured at fair value through other comprehensive income. The b alances are stated at fair value and both the interest earned and the exchange variations and changes in fair value are r ecognized in the income statement. Investment funds and derivative s are classified as measured at fair value through profit or loss.

The Company and its subsidiaries use financial instruments for hedging purposes, applying the concepts described below:

- Hedge accounting – fair value hedge: financial instruments used to hedge exposure to changes in the fair value of an item, attributable to a particular risk, which can affect the entity’s statements of profit or loss. In the initial designation of the fair value hedge, the relationship between the hedging instrument and the hedged item is documented, including the objectives of risk management, the strategy in conducting the transaction, and the methods to be used to evaluate its effectiveness. Once the fair value hedge has been qualified as effective, the hedge item is also measured at fair value. Gains and losses from hedge instruments and hedge items are recognized in the statements of profit or loss. The hedge accounting must be discontinued when the hedge becomes ineffective.

- Hedge accounting – cash flow hedge: financial instruments used to hedge the exposure to variability in cash flows that is attributable to a risk associated with an asset or liability or highly probable transaction or firm commitment that may affect the statements of profit or loss. The portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument that is determined to be effective relating to the effects of exchange rate effect, is recognized directly in equity in accumulated other comprehensive income as “Valuation adjustments” while the ineffective portion is recognized in the statements of profit or loss. Gain s or loss es on the hedging instrument relating to the effective portion of this hedge that had been recognized directly in accumulated other comprehensive income shall be recognized in the statements of profit or loss in the period in which the hedged item is recognized in profit or loss or as initial cost of non- financial assets, in the same line of the statement that the hedged item is recognized. The hedge accounting shall be discontinued when (i) the hedging relationship is canceled; (ii) the hedging instrument expires; and (iii) the hedging instrument no longer qualifies for hedge accounting. When hedge accounting is discontinued, gains and losses recognized in equity in other comprehensive income are reclassified to the statements of profit or loss in the period which the hedged item is recognized in profit or loss. If the transaction hedged is canceled or is not expected to occur, the cumulative gains and losses in equity in other comprehensive income shall be recognized immediately in profit or loss.

- Hedge accounting – hedge of net investments in foreign operation: financial instruments used to hedge exposure on net investments in foreign subsidiaries due to the fact that the local functional currency is different from the functional currency of the Company. The portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument that is determined to be effective, referring to the exchange rate effect, is recognized directly in equity in accumulated other comprehensive income as cumulative translation adjustments, while the ineffective portion and the operating costs are recognized in the statements of profit or loss. The gain or loss on the hedging instrument that has been recognized directly in accumulated other comprehensive income shall be recognized in the statements of profit or loss when the disposal of the foreign subsidiary occur s.

For further information on financial instruments, see Note 3 3.

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

d. Trade receivables and reseller financing

Trade receivables are recognized at the amount invoiced to the counterparty that the Company subsidiaries are entitled (see Notes 5.a and 3 3.d.3). The expected losses take into account, (i) at the initial recognition of the contract, the expect ed losses for the next 12 months or (ii) for the life time of the contract when the deterioration or improvement of the customers’ credit quality, considering the customers’ characteristics in each business segment. The amount of the expected credit losses is deemed by management to be sufficient to cover any loss on realization of trade receivables.

Reseller financing is provided at subsidized rate for renovation and upgrading of service stations, purchase of products and development of the automotive fuels and lubricants distribution market (see Notes 5.b and 33.d.3). The terms of reseller financing range between 12 and 60 months, with an average term of 40 months. The minimum and maximum subsisted interest rates are 0% per month and 1% per month respectively. These financing are remeasured at a market rate for working capital loans and the remeasurement adjus t ment between the market rate and the rate subsidized is recognized as a reduction to the reseller’s revenue at the beginning of the contract. Throughout the contract, the interest appropriated by the market rate is recognized to the financial result.

e. Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of acquisition cost or net realizable value (see Note 6). The cost value of inventory is measured using the weighted average cost and includes the costs of acquisition and processing directly and indirectly related to the units produced based on the normal capacity of production. Estimates of net realizable value are based on the average selling prices at the end of the reporting period, net of applicable direct selling expenses. Subsequent events related to the fluctuation of prices and costs are also considered, if relevant. If net realizable values are below inventory costs, a provision corresponding to this difference is recognized. Provisions are also made for obsolescence of products, materials, or supplies that (i) do not meet its subsidiaries’ specifications, (ii) have exceeded their expiration date, or (iii) are considered slow-moving inventory. This classification is made by management with the support of its industrial and operation s team s.

f. Contractual assets with customers – exclusive rights

Exclusive rights disbursements as provided in Ipiranga’s agreements with reseller service stations and major consumers are recognized as contractual assets when paid and amortized according to the conditions established in the agreements (see Note 2.a and 11).

g. Investments

Investments in associates and joint ventures are accounted for under the equity method of accounting in the financial statements (see Note 12 items a and b). An associate is an investment, in which an investor has significant influence, that is, has the power to participate in the financial and operating decisions of the investee but does not exercise control. A joint venture is an investment in which the shareholders have the right to net assets on behalf of a joint control. Joint control is the agreement, which establish that decisions about the relevant activities of the investee require the consent from the parties that share control.

Other investments are stated at acquisition cost less provision for losses, unless the loss is considered temporary.

h. Right-of-use assets and leases payable

The Company and its subsidiaries recognized in the financial position, a right-of-use assets and the respective lease liabilities initially measured at the present value of future lease payments, considering the related contract costs (see Note 13). The amortization expenses of right-of-use assets is recognized in statement of profit or loss over the lease contract term. The liability is increased for interest and decreased by lease payments made. The interests are recognized in the statement of profit or loss using the effective interest rate method. The remeasurement of assets and liabilities based on the contractual index is recognized in the financial position, not having an effect in the result. In case of cancellation of the contract, the assets and respective liabilities are written off to the result, considering, if it is the case, any penalties provided in contractual clauses. The Company and its subsidiaries have no intention in purchasing the underlying asset. The Company and its subsidiaries periodically review the existence of an indication that the righ t-of-use assets may be impaired (see N ote 2.u).

Right-of-use assets include amo u nts related to area port leases grants (see Note 3 4.c).

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

The Company and its subsidiaries apply the recognition exemptions to short-term leases of 12 months or less, and leases of low amount assets such. In these cases, the recognition of the lease expense in the statements of profit or loss is on a straight-line basis.

The following standards, amendments, and interpretations to IFRS were issued by the IASB, which are effective as of January 1, 2019:

IFRS 16 - Lease:

With the adoption of IFRS 16, the leases contracted by the Company’s subsidiaries, identified and effective at the date of transition and with maturities of more than 12 months, were accounted in the financial statements:

- recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities in financial position, initially measured at the present value of future lease payments; and

- recognition of amortization expenses of right-of-use assets and interest expenses on the lease payable in the financial result in the statements of profits or loss.

The Company selected as transition method the modified retrospective approach, with the cumulative effect of initial application of this new pronouncement recorded as an adjustment to the opening balance of equity and without restatement of comparative periods.

In the analysis of the adoption, the Company’s management, with the assistance of specialized consulting, carried out the inventory of the contracts, evaluating whether or not each agreement contains a lease in accordance with IFRS 16. This analysis identified impacts mainly related to the lease of properties from third parties, port areas and lower amounts arising from other operations where the existence of leased assets individually or combined in service contracts was identified.

As allowed in the standard, short-term leases with a term of 12 months or less, variable amounts, indefinite term and leases of low amount assets such as computers and office furniture, are recognized as lease expenses on a straight-line basis in profit or loss.

In addition, the following practical expedients were used to transition to new lease accounting requirements:

• application of the IFRS 16 to all contracts initiated before January 1, 2019 that were identified as leases in accordance with IAS 7 and IFRIC 4;

• use of discount rate according to the lease term and similar characteristics;

• contracts with a term up to 12 months from the date of the initial adoption of the standard or less;

• exclusion of the initial direct costs of the measurement of the opening balance from right-of-use asset; and

• options for extension of the term or termination were considered, when applicable.

The table below summarizes the effects on the initial adoption of the IFRS 16:

|  | 01/01/2019 |
Current assets |  |  |
Prepaid expenses |  | (39,066 | )
Non-current assets |  |  |
Prepaid expenses |  | (288,630 | )
Right-of-use assets |  | 1,731,427 |
Intangible assets |  | (39,928 | )
Total assets |  | 1,363,803 |
Current liabilities |  |  |
Leases payable |  | 13,827 |
Non-current liabilities |  |  |
Leases payable |  | 1,349,976 |
Total liabilities |  | 1,363,803 |

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Table of Contents
Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

To measurement, the Company used an incremental discount rate, ranging between 4.81% p.a. and 11.04% p.a., according to the terms of the contracts, and estimated the payment flows for the gross portion of taxes.

The table below summarizes the reconciliation of the operating lease commitments to leases payable:

Operating lease commitments as of December 31, 2018 | 1,540,994 |
Discounted using the incremental borrowing rate on January 1, 2019 | (177,707 | )
Finance lease liabilities recognised as of December 31, 2018 | 46,066 |
(-) Recognition exemption for leases of low amount assets | (33,893 | )
(-) Recognition exemption for leases with less than 12 months of lease term at transition | (11,657 | )
(-) Extension options reasonably certain to be exercised | - |
Leases payable recognised on January 1, 2019 | 1,363,803 |

i. Property, plant, and equipment

Property, plant, and equipment (“PP&E”) is recognized at acquisition or construction cost, including financial charges incurred on PP&E under construction, as well as qualifying maintenance costs resulting from scheduled plant outages and estimated costs to remove, to decommission, or to restore assets (see Note s 2.n and 2 1), less accumulated depreciation and, when applicable, less provision for losses (see Note 1 4).

Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method, over the periods mentioned in Note 1 4, taking into account the estimated useful li ves of the assets, which are reviewed annually.

Lease hold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the lease contract term and useful life of the property.

j. Intangible a ssets

Intangible assets include assets acquired by the Company and its subsidiaries from third parties, and are recognized according to the criteria below:

- Goodwill is shown as intangible assets corresponding to the positive difference between the amount paid or payable to the seller and the fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities assumed of the acquired entity. Goodwill is tested annually for impairment. Goodwill is allocated to the business segments, which represent the lowest level that goodwill is monitored for impairment testing purposes (see Note 15.a).

- Other intangible assets acquired from third parties, such as software, technology, and commercial property rights, are measured at the total acquisition cost and amortized using straight-line method, over the periods mentioned in Note 15, taking into account their useful lives, which are reviewed annually.

The Company and its subsidiaries have not recognized intangible assets that were generated internally. The Company and its subsidiaries have goodwill and brands acquired in business combination s, which are evaluated as intangible assets with indefinite useful life (see Note 1 5 items a and e).

k. Other assets

Other assets are stated at the lower of cost and realizable value, including, if applicable, interest earned, monetary changes and changes in exchange rates incurred, less the provision s for loss es and, if applicable, adjusted to present value.

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

l. F inancial l iabilities

The financial liabilities include trade payables, loans, financing, debentures, leases payable and derivative financial instruments. Financial liabilities are classified as “financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss” or “financial liabilities at amorti z ed cost”. The financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss refer to derivative financial instruments, subscription warrants - indemnification, and financial liabilities designated as hedged items in a fair value hedge relationship upon initial recognition (see Note 2.c – F air V alue H edge). The financial liabilities at amorti z ed cost are stated at the initial transaction amount plus related charges and net of amortization and transaction costs. The charges are recognized in the statement of profit or loss using the effective interest rate method.

Transaction costs incurred and directly attributable to the activities necessary for contracting loans or for issuing bonds, as well as premiums and discounts upon issuance of debentures and other debt, are allocated to the instrument and amortized in the statement of profit or loss taking into its term, using the effective interest rate method (see Note 1 6.h).

m. Income and s ocial c ontribution t axes on i ncome

Current and deferred income tax (“IRPJ”) and social contribution on net income tax (“CSLL”) are calculated based on their current rates. For the calculation of current IRPJ, the value of tax incentives is also considered. Taxes are recognized based on the rates of IRPJ and CSLL provided for by the laws enacted on the last day of the financial statements. The current rates in Brazil are 25% for IRPJ and 9% for CSLL. For further information about recognition and realization of IRPJ and CSLL, see Note 9.

For purposes of disclosure, deferred tax assets were offset against the deferred tax liability, IRPJ and CSLL, in the same taxable entity and the same tax authority.

n. Provision for a sset r et i rement o bligation – f uel t anks

The subsidiar y Ipiranga ha s the legal obligation to remove the underground fuel tanks located at Ipiranga-branded service stations after a certain period. The estimated cost of the obligation to remove these fuel tanks is recognized as a liability when the tanks are installed. The estimated cost is recognized in PP&E and depreciated over the respective useful li ves of the asset. The amounts recognized as a liability accrue inflation effect using the Amplified Consumer Price Index (“IPCA”) until the tank is removed (see Note 2 1). The estimated removal cost is reviewed and updated annually or when there is significant change in its amount and change in the estimated cost s are recognized in statements of profit or loss when they become known.

o. Provisions for t ax, c ivil, and l abor r isks

A provision for tax, civil and labor risks is recognized for quantifiable risks, when the chance of loss is more-likely-than-not in the opinion of management and internal and external legal counsel, and the amounts are recognized based on the evaluation of the outcomes of the legal proceedings (see Note 2 2).

p. Post-e mployment b enefits

Post-employment benefits granted and to be granted to employees, retirees, and pensioners are based on an actuarial calculation prepared by an independent actuary and reviewed by management, using the projected unit credit method (see Note 20.b). The actuarial gains and losses are recognized in equity in cumulative other comprehensive income in the “Valuation adjustments”.

q. Other l iabilities

Other liabilities are stated at known or measurable amounts and changes in exchange rates incurred. When applicable, other liabilities are recognized at present value, based on interest rates that reflect the term, currency, and risk of each transaction.

r. Foreign c urrency t ransactions

Foreign currency transactions carried out by the Company or its subsidiaries are remeasured into their functional currency at the exchange rate prevailing at the date of each transaction. Outstanding monetary assets and liabilities of the Company and its subsidiaries are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the financial statements. The effect of the difference between those exchange rates is recognized in financial results until the conclusion of each transaction.

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

s. Basis for t ranslation of f inancial statements of f oreign s ubsidiaries

s.1 Subsidiaries with administrative autonomy

Assets and liabilities of the foreign subsidiaries, denominated in currencies other than Brazilian Real, which have administrative autonomy, are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the financial statements. Revenues and expenses are translated using the average exchange rate of each year and equity is translated at the historic al exchange rate of each transaction affecting equity. Gains and losses resulting from changes in these foreign investments are directly recognized in equity in the “cumulative translation adjustments” and will be recognized in profit or loss if and when these investments are disposed of. The balance in cumulative translation adjustments on December 3 1, 20 20 was a gain of R$ 231,596 (gain of R$ 102,427 on December 31, 2019) - see Note 2 5.g.2.

The foreign subsidiaries with functional currency different from the Company and which have administrative autonomy are listed below:

Subsidiary | Functional currency |  | Location
Oxiteno México S.A. de C.V. | Mexican Peso |  | Mexico
Oxiteno Servicios Corporativos S.A. de C.V. | Mexican Peso |  | Mexico
Oxiteno Servicios Industriales S.A. de C.V. | Mexican Peso |  | Mexico
Oxiteno USA LLC | U.S. Dollar |  | United States
Oxiteno Uruguay S.A. (i) | U.S. Dollar |  | Uruguay

(i) | The subsidiary Oxiteno Uruguay S.A. (“Oxiteno Uruguay”) determined its functional currency as the U.S. dollar (“US$”), as its inventory sales, purchases of raw material inputs, and financing activities are performed substantially in this currency.

s.2 Subsidiaries without self-administrative autonomy

Assets and liabilities of the other foreign subsidiaries, which do not have administrative autonomy, are considered an extension of the activities of their parent company and are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the financial statements. Gains and losses resulting from changes in these foreign investments are directly recognized as financial result. T he gain recognized in income in 2020 amounted to R$ 30,928 (R$ 2,444, gain in 2019 and R$ 4,090, gain in 2018).

t. Use of e stimates, a ssumptions and j udgments

The preparation of the financial statements requires the use of estimates, assumptions, and judgments for the accounting and disclosure of certain assets, liabilities, and profit or loss. Therefore, the Company and subsidiaries’ management use the best information available at the date of preparation of the financial statements, as well as the experience of past and current events, also considering assumptions regarding future events. The estimates and assumptions are reviewed periodically.

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

t.1 Judgments

Information on the judgments is included: in the determin ation of control in subsidiaries (Notes 2.g, 2.s.1 and 3), the determination of joint control in joint venture (Notes 2.g and 12.a) and the determin ation of significant influence in associates (Notes 2.g and 12.b).

t.2 Uncertainties related to the assumptions and estimates

The information regarding uncertainties related to the assumptions and estimates are included: in determining the fair value of financial instruments (Notes 2.c, 2.l, 4, 1 6 and 3 3), the determination of the expected losses on doubtful accounts (Note s 2.d, 5 and 3 3.d.3), the determination of provisions for losses of inventories (Note s 2.e and 6), the estimative of realization of deferred IRPJ and CSLL amounts (Note s 2.m and 9.a), the useful lives and discount rate of right-of-use assets (Notes 2.h and 13), the useful li ves of PP&E (Note s 2.i and 1 4), the useful li ves of intangible assets, and the determination of the recoverable amount of goodwill (Note s 2.j and 1 5.a), provisions for assets retirement obligations (Note s 2.n and 2 1), provisions for tax, civil, and labor risks (Note s 2.o and 2 2), estimates for the preparation of actuarial reports (Note s 2.p and 20.b) and the determination of fair value of subscription warrants – indemnification (Notes 2 4 and 3 3.j). The actual result of the transactions and information may differ from their estimates.

u. Impairment of assets

The Company and its subsidiaries review in every report ing period the existence of any indication that an asset may be impaired. To intangible assets with indefinite useful life the review is done annually. If there is an indication of impairment, the Company and its subsidiaries estimate the recoverable amount of the asset. Assets that cannot be evaluated individually are grouped in the smallest group of assets that generate cash inflow from continuous use and that are largely independent of cash flows of other assets (cash generating units “CGU”). The recoverable amount of assets or CGUs corresponds to the greater of their fair value net of applicable direct selling costs and their value in use.

The fair value less costs to sell is determined by the price that would be received to sell an asset in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, net of costs of removing the asset, and direct incremental costs to bring an asset into condition for its sale, legal costs, and taxes.

To assess the value in use, the projections of future cash flows, trends, and outlooks, as well as the effects of obsolescence, demand, competition, and other economic factors were considered. Such cash flows are discounted to their present values ​​using the discount rate before tax that reflects market conditions for the period of impairment testing and the specific risks of the asset or CGU being evaluated. In cases where the expected discounted future cash flows are less than their carrying amount, an impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value of these assets. Losses for impairment of assets are recognized in profit or loss. In case goodwill has been allocated to a CGU, the recognized losses are first allocated to reduce the corresponding goodwill. If the goodwill is not enough to absorb such losses, the surplus is allocated to the assets on a pro-rata basis. An impairment of goodwill cannot be reversed. For other assets, impairment losses may be reversed only to the extent that the asset's carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortization, if the impairment had not been recognized.

No impairment was recognized on December 3 1, 2020. On December 31, 2019, t he Company recognized an impairment loss for the subsidiary Imifarma Produtos Farmacêuticos e Cosméticos S.A. (“Extrafarma”) (see Note 15.a).

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Table of Contents
Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

v. Business c ombination

A business combination is accounted applying the acquisition method. The cost of the acquisition is measured based on the consideration transferred and to be transferred, measured at fair value at the acquisition date. In a business combination, the assets acquired, and liabilities assumed are measured in order to classify and allocate them accordingly to the contractual terms, economic circumstances and relevant conditions on the acquisition date. The non-controlling interest in the acquired company is measured based on its interest in net assets identified in the acquired company. Goodwill is measured as the excess of the consideration transferred and to be transferred over the fair value of net assets acquired (identifiable assets and liabilities assumed, net). After the initial recognition, goodwill is measured at cost less any accumulated impairment losses. For impairment testing purposes, goodwill is allocated to the Company’s operating segment s. When the c ost of the acquisition is lower than the fair value of net assets acquired, a gain is recognized directly in the statement of profit or loss. Costs related to the acquisition s are recorded in the statement of profit or loss when incurred. For the year ended on December 31, 2020 and 2019 there are not business combinations.

w. Statements of c ash f lows i ndirect m ethod

The Company and its subsidiaries present the interest paid on loans, financing, debentures, and leases payable in financing activities and present financial investments, net of redemptions, in the invest ing activities.

x. Adoption of the pronouncements issued by IASB

There are not standards, amendments and interpretations to IFRS issued by the IASB which are effective and could have impact in th ese financial statements to December 3 1, 2020 and 2019 that have not been adopted by the Company.

y. Authorization for i ssuance of the f inancial statements

Th ese financial statements were authorized for issuance by the Management on April 29, 202 1.

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

# 3. Principles of c onsolidation and i nvestments in s ubsidiaries

a. Principles of c onsolidation

In the preparation of the consolidated financial statements the i nvestments of one company in another, balances of asset and liability accounts, revenues transactions, costs and expenses were eliminated, as well as the effects of transactions conducted between the companies. Non-controlling interests in subsidiaries are presented within consolidated equity and net income.

Consolidation of a subsidiary begins when the p arent company obtains direct or indirect control over a c ompany and ceases when the p arent company loses control of a company. Income and expenses of a subsidiary acquired are included in the consolidated statement of profit or loss and comprehe nsive income from the date the p arent company gains the control. Income and expenses of a subsidiary, in which the p arent company loses control, are included in the consolidated statement of profit or loss and comprehen sive income until the date the p arent company loses control.

When necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring their accounting policies into line with the Company’s accounting policies.

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

b. Investments in s ubsidiaries

The consolidated financial statements include the following direct and indirect subsidiaries:

|  |  | 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019 |  | 12/31/2018 |
|  |  | Control |  | Control |  | Control |
| Location | Segment |  | Direct |  | Indirect |  | Direct |  | Indirect |  | Direct |  | Indirect |
Ipiranga Produtos de Petróleo S.A. | Brazil | Ipiranga |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |
am/pm Comestíveis Ltda. | Brazil | Ipiranga |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Icorban – Correspondente Bancário Ltda. | Brazil | Ipiranga |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Ipiranga Trading Limited | British Virgin Islands | Ipiranga |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Tropical Transportes Ipiranga Ltda. | Brazil | Ipiranga |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Ipiranga Imobiliária Ltda. | Brazil | Ipiranga |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Ipiranga Logística Ltda. | Brazil | Ipiranga |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Oil Trading Importadora e Exportadora Ltda. | Brazil | Ipiranga |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Iconic Lubrificantes S.A. | Brazil | Ipiranga |  | - |  | 56 |  | - |  | 56 |  | - |  | 56 |
Integra Frotas Ltda. | Brazil | Ipiranga |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Companhia Ultragaz S.A. | Brazil | Ultragaz |  | - |  | 99 |  | - |  | 99 |  | - |  | 99 |
Ultragaz Comercial Ltda. | Brazil | Ultragaz |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Nova Paraná Distribuidora de Gás Ltda. (1) | Brazil | Ultragaz |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Utingás Armazenadora S.A. (2) | Brazil | Ultragaz |  | - |  | 57 |  | - |  | 57 |  | - |  | 57 |
Bahiana Distribuidora de Gás Ltda. | Brazil | Ultragaz |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
LPG International Inc. | Cayman Islands | Ultragaz |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Imaven Imóveis Ltda. | Brazil | Others |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Imifarma Produtos Farmacêuticos e Cosméticos S.A. | Brazil | Extrafarma |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
UVC Investimentos Ltda. (3) | Brazil | Others |  | - |  | 99 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |
Centro de Conveniências Millennium Ltda. and subsidiaries (4) | Brazil | Ipiranga |  | 100 |  | - |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Oxiteno S.A. Indústria e Comércio | Brazil | Oxiteno |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |
Oxiteno Nordeste S.A. Indústria e Comércio (5) | Brazil | Oxiteno |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 99 |
Oxiteno Argentina Sociedad de Responsabilidad Ltda. | Argentina | Oxiteno |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Oleoquímica Indústria e Comércio de Produtos Químicos Ltda. | Brazil | Oxiteno |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Oxiteno Uruguay S.A. | Uruguay | Oxiteno |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Oxiteno México S.A. de C.V. | Mexico | Oxiteno |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Oxiteno Servicios Corporativos S.A. de C.V. | Mexico | Oxiteno |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Oxiteno Servicios Industriales S.A. de C.V. | Mexico | Oxiteno |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Oxiteno USA LLC | United States | Oxiteno |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Global Petroleum Products Trading Corp. | Virgin Islands | Oxiteno |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Oxiteno Andina, C.A. (6) | Venezuela | Oxiteno |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 100 |
Oxiteno Europe SPRL | Belgium | Oxiteno |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Oxiteno Colombia S.A.S | Colombia | Oxiteno |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Oxiteno Shanghai LTD. | China | Oxiteno |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Empresa Carioca de Produtos Químicos S.A. | Brazil | Oxiteno |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Ultracargo - Operações Logísticas e Participações Ltda. | Brazil | Ultracargo |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |
Terminal Químico de Aratu S.A. – Tequimar | Brazil | Ultracargo |  | - |  | 99 |  | - |  | 99 |  | - |  | 99 |
TEAS – Terminal Exportador de Álcool de Santos Ltda. | Brazil | Ultracargo |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
Tequimar Vila do Conde Logística Portuária S.A. | Brazil | Ultracargo |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | - |
Ultrapar International S.A. | Luxembourg | Others |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |
SERMA - Ass. dos usuários equip. proc. de dados | Brazil | Others |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |  | - |  | 100 |
UVC - Fundo de investimento em participações multiestratégia investimento no exterior (7) | Brazil | Others |  | 100 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |
Ea í Clube Automobilista S.A. (8) | Brazil | Abastece Aí |  | 100 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |

The percentages in the table above are rounded.

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

(1) | Non operating company in closing phase.
(2) | I n October 2020, there was a change in the share capital of the company Utingás, which became controlled by Companhia Ultragaz S.A. (“Ultragaz”).
(3) | Subsidiary created i n January 20 20 to provide valuation, business management and financial advisory services to UVC - Fundo de investimento em participações multiestratégia investimento no exterior. In September 2020 the company’s name was changed to “UVC Investimentos Ltda”.
(4) | In May 2020 t here was a c hange in the participation of the capital of the subsidiary Millen n ium which became a direct subsidiary of the Company.
(5) | On April 30, 2019, the shareholders of Oxiteno Nordeste S.A. Indústria e Comércio (“Oxiteno Nordeste”) approved the redemption of all of its preferred shares class “B”, with sub sequent cancellation. On December 2, 2019, in order to simplify the corporate structure, the subsidiary Oxiteno Nordeste was incorporated by its parent Oxiteno S.A. Indústria e Comércio (“Oxiteno S.A.”).
(6) | On October 15, 2019, the subsidiary Oxiteno S.A. approved the asset write-offs of Oxiteno Andina C.A. (“Oxiteno Andina”).
(7) | F und constituted on January 2020, the UVC has the purpose to invest in promising companies that can leverage or complement the Company's business, besides to supporting the mapping and sharing of startups and new technologies.
(8) | Subsidiary created in July 2020, adding the Abastece Aí app and Km de Vantagens programs to operate in the digital payments segment under the Abastece Aí brand.

c. TEAS – Terminal Exportador de Álcool de Santos Ltda. Acquisition

The Company through its subsidiary Terminal Químico de Aratu S.A. – Tequimar (“Tequimar”) acquired 100% of the quotas of TEAS Terminal Exportador de Álcool de Santos Ltda. (“TEAS”). On March 29, 2018, the acquisition was concluded through the closing of the operation.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

# 4. Cash and c ash e quivalents, f inancial i nvestments and h edge d erivative f inancial i nstruments

Cash equivalents and financial investments, excluding cash and bank deposits, are substantially represented by investments: (i) in Brazil, in certificates of deposit of financial institutions linked to interest rate of the Interbank Deposit s Interest Rate (“DI”), in repurchase agreement, financial bills, and in short term investments funds, whose portfolio comprised of Brazilian Federal Government bonds and in certificates of deposit of financial institutions; (ii) outside Brazil, in certificates of deposit of financial institutions and in short term investments funds, whose portfolio compris ed of F ederal G overnment bond s; and (iii) in currency and interest rate hedging instruments.

The financial assets were classified in Note 3 3.j, based on business model of financial assets of the Company and its subsidiaries.

Cash, cash equivalents and financial investments amounted to R$ 8,672,160 as of December 3 1, 20 20 (R$ 5,712,097 as of December 31, 201 9) are as follows:

a. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents of the Company and its subsidiaries are presented as follows:

| 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
Cash and bank deposits |  |  |
In local currency | 285,306 |  | 182,237
In foreign currency | 119,775 |  | 102,755
Financial investments considered cash equivalents |  |  |
In local currency |  |  |
Fixed-income securities | 2,241,852 |  | 1,780,939
In foreign currency |  |  |
Fixed-income securities | 14,561 |  | 49,448
Total cash and cash equivalents | 2,661,494 |  | 2,115,379

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

b. Financial investments and c urrency and i nterest r ate h edging i nstruments

The financial investments which are not classified as cash and cash equivalents are presented as follows:

| 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
Financial investments |  |  |
In local currency |  |  |
Fixed-income securities and funds | 3,749,852 |  | 2,610,686
In foreign currency |  |  |
Fixed-income securities and funds | 1,278,940 |  | 303,417
Currency and interest rate hedging instruments (a) | 981,874 |  | 682,615
Total financial investments | 6,010,666 |  | 3,596,718
Current | 5,033,258 |  | 3,090,212
Non-current | 977,408 |  | 506,506

(a) Accumulated gains, net of income tax (see Note 33.i).

# 5. Trade r eceivables and r eseller f inancing

a. Trade r eceivables

The composition of t rade receivables is as follows:

| 12/31/2020 |  |  | 12/31/2019 |
Domestic customers | 3,443,641 |  |  | 3,867,163 |
Domestic customers – related parties (see Note 8.a) | 151 |  |  | 739 |
Foreign customers | 326,442 |  |  | 223,308 |
Foreign customers – related parties (see Note 8.a) | 2,984 |  |  | 3,176 |
(-) Expected losses on doubtful accounts | (382,096 | ) |  | (404,886 | )
| 3,391,122 |  |  | 3,689,500 |
Current | 3,318,927 |  |  | 3,635,834 |
Non-current | 72,195 |  |  | 53,666 |

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

The breakdown of trade receivables, gross of expected losses on doubtful accounts, is as follows:

|  |  |  |  | Past due
| Total |  | Current |  | less than 30 days |  | 31-60 days |  | 61-90 days |  | 91-180 days |  | more than 180 days
12/31/2020 | 3,773,218 |  | 2,963,163 |  | 124,606 |  | 27,970 |  | 21,389 |  | 47,169 |  | 588,921
12/31/2019 | 4,094,386 |  | 3,199,315 |  | 159,350 |  | 27,320 |  | 12,245 |  | 61,489 |  | 634,667

The breakdown of expected losses on doubtful accounts, is as follows:

|  |  |  |  | Past due
| Total |  | Current |  | less than 30 days |  | 31-60 days |  | 61-90 days |  | 91-180 days |  | more than 180 days
12/31/2020 | 382,096 |  | 21,219 |  | 2,154 |  | 1,751 |  | 2,233 |  | 13,378 |  | 341,361
12/31/2019 | 404,886 |  | 28,861 |  | 1,456 |  | 1,625 |  | 3,749 |  | 23,698 |  | 345,497

Movements in the allowance for expected losses on doubtful accounts are as follows:

Balance as of December 31, 2018 |  | 385,080 |
Additions |  | 189,192 |
Reversals |  | (119,640 | )
Write-offs |  | (49,746 | )
Balance as of December 31, 2019 |  | 404,886 |
Additions |  | 194,220 |
Reversals |  | (203,994 | )
Write-offs |  | (13,016 | )
Balance as of December 31, 2020 |  | 382,096 |

For further information about the allowance for expected losses on doubtful accounts, see Note 3 3.d.3.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

b. Reseller financing

The composition of reseller financing is as follows:

| 12/31/2020 |  |  | 12/31/2019 |
Reseller financing – Ipiranga | 1,165,395 |  |  | 956,942 |
(-) Expected losses on doubtful accounts | (197,011 | ) |  | (156,006 | )
| 968,384 |  |  | 800,936 |
Current | 549,129 |  |  | 436,188 |
Non-current | 419,255 |  |  | 364,748 |

The breakdown of reseller financing, gross of expected losses on doubtful accounts, is as follows:

|  |  |  |  | Past due
| Total |  | Current |  | less than 30 days |  | 31-60 days |  | 61-90 days |  | 91-180 days |  | more than 180 days
12/31/2020 | 1,165,395 |  | 787,904 |  | 10,230 |  | 15,237 |  | 21,200 |  | 28,989 |  | 301,835
12/31/2019 | 956,942 |  | 644,488 |  | 26,262 |  | 10,481 |  | 12,616 |  | 30,144 |  | 232,951

The breakdown of expected losses on doubtful accounts, is as follows:

|  |  |  |  | Past due
| Total |  | Current |  | less than 30 days |  | 31-60 days |  | 61-90 days |  | 91-180 days |  | more than 180 days
12/31/2020 | 197,011 |  | 22,872 |  | 785 |  | 1,812 |  | 2,397 |  | 14,684 |  | 154,461
12/31/2019 | 156,006 |  | 21,337 |  | 2,519 |  | 1,063 |  | 1,313 |  | 14,639 |  | 115,135

Movements in the allowance for expected losses on doubtful accounts are as follows:

Balance as of December 31, 2018 |  | 139,699 |
Additions |  | 30,601 |
Reversals |  | (14,294 | )
Balance as of December 31, 2019 |  | 156,006 |
Additions |  | 74,745 |
Reversals |  | (29,791 | )
Write-offs |  | (3,949 | )
Balance as of December 31, 2020 |  | 197,011 |

For further information about the allowance for expected losses on doubtful accounts see Note 33.d.3.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

# 6. Inventories

The composition of i nventories is as follows:

| 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
| Cost |  | Provision for losses |  |  | Net balance |  | Cost |  | Provision for losses |  |  | Net balance
Fuels, lubricants and greases | 1,682,841 |  | (5,344 | ) |  | 1,677,497 |  | 1,843,257 |  | (2,073 | ) |  | 1,841,184
Finished goods | 646,180 |  | (22,281 | ) |  | 623,899 |  | 541,689 |  | (22,048 | ) |  | 519,641
Work in process | 1,450 |  | - |  |  | 1,450 |  | 1,971 |  | - |  |  | 1,971
Raw materials | 568,185 |  | (1,827 | ) |  | 566,358 |  | 365,960 |  | (2,552 | ) |  | 363,408
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) | 110,767 |  | (5,761 | ) |  | 105,006 |  | 101,715 |  | (5,761 | ) |  | 95,954
Consumable materials and other items for resale | 129,559 |  | (2,598 | ) |  | 126,961 |  | 140,058 |  | (2,587 | ) |  | 137,471
Pharmaceutical, hygiene, and beauty products | 521,689 |  | (2,611 | ) |  | 519,078 |  | 549,191 |  | (2,877 | ) |  | 546,314
Purchase for future delivery (1) | 198,986 |  | (464 | ) |  | 198,522 |  | 183,170 |  | (2,719 | ) |  | 180,451
Properties for resale | 27,532 |  | (107 | ) |  | 27,425 |  | 29,273 |  | (107 | ) |  | 29,166
| 3,887,189 |  | (40,993 | ) |  | 3,846,196 |  | 3,756,284 |  | (40,724 | ) |  | 3,715,560

(1) Refers substantially to ethanol, biodiesel and advance of fuels.

Movements in the provision for losses are as follows:

Balance as of December 31, 2017 | 37,099 |
Additions to net realizable value adjustment | 600 |
Additions of obsolescence and other losses | 3,903 |
Oxiteno Andina (i) | 985 |
Balance as of December 31, 2018 | 42,587 |
Reversals to net realizable value adjustment | (5,174 | )
Additions of obsolescence and other losses | 4,296 |
Oxiteno Andina (ii) | (985 | )
Balance as of December 31, 2019 | 40,724 |
Additions to net realizable value adjustment | 2,245 |
Reversals of obsolescence and other losses | (1,976 | )
Balance as of December 31, 2020 | 40,993 |

(i) R efers to impairment for subsidiary Oxiteno Andina.

(ii) R efers to the asset write-offs of Oxiteno Andina in 2019 (see Note 3.b.6).

The breakdown of provisions for losses related to inventories is shown in the table below:

| 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
Net realizable value adjustment | 17,488 |  | 15,243
Obsolescence and other losses | 23,505 |  | 25,481
Total | 40,993 |  | 40,724

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

# 7. Taxes to r ecover

a. Recoverable t axes

Recoverable taxes are substantially represented by credits of Tax on Goods and Services (“ICMS”, the Brazilian VAT), Contribution for Social Security Financing (“COFINS”) and Social Integration Program (“PIS”).

| 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
ICMS (a.1) | 1,129,325 |  | 872,670
PIS and COFINS (a.2) (a.3) | 1,297,029 |  | 930,570
Value-added tax (IVA) of foreign subsidiaries | 35,600 |  | 29,707
Others | 57,704 |  | 56,748
Total | 2,519,658 |  | 1,889,695
Current | 1,044,850 |  | 1,122,335
Non-current | 1,474,808 |  | 767,360

a.1 The recoverable ICMS net of provision for losses is substantially related to the following subsidiaries and operations:

(i) The subsidiar ies Oxiteno S.A., Empresa Carioca de Produtos Químicos S.A. (“EMCA”) and Oleoquímica Indústria e Comércio de Produtos Químicos Ltda. (“Oleoquímica”) accumulate credits in the amount of R$ 195,037 (R$ 151,393 as of December 31, 2019) due to sales and transfer transactions within and outside the State of Bahia at reduced rates;

(ii) The subsidiar ies Ipiranga Produtos de Petróleo S.A. (“IPP”), Bahiana Distribuidora de Gás Ltda. (“Bahiana”), Ultragaz, AMPM, Iconic Lubrificantes S.A. (“Iconic”) have credits in the amount of R$ 754,882 (R$ 563,565 as of December 31, 2019) recognized, mainly, of the following nature: a) transactions of inputs and outputs of products subject to taxation of the own ICMS; b) interstate outflows of oil-related products whose ICMS was prepaid by the supplier (Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. (“Petrobras”)), in the case of the subsidiaries Ipiranga, Bahiana and Ultragaz and c) credits for refunds of the ICMS-ST (tax substitution) overpaid when the estimated calculation base is used higher than the actual operation practiced by the subsidiary Ipiranga;

(iii) The subsidiary Extrafarma has ICMS credits and ICMS-ST (tax substitution) advances in the amount of R$ 179,405 (R$ 157,713 as of December 31, 2019) on the inflow and outflow of operations carried out by its distribution centers, mostly in the North and Northeast, as well as refunds of the ICMS-ST portion overpaid when the estimated calculation bas e is used higher than th e actual operation.

The amounts of recoverable ICMS credits are classified as current assets and consumed by the operations itself, being a revolving credit, which means that the credits are monthly offset with the tax payable on sales and new credits are generated by the acquisition of inputs, as well as by the State's refund on tax substitution operations. Management estimates the realization of the credits classified in non-current assets within an average term of up to 10 years.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

The estimated recovery of ICMS assets is stated as follows:

Up to 1 year | 422,548
From 1 to 2 years | 362,062
From 2 to 3 years | 200,586
From 3 to 5 years | 88,483
From 5 to 7 years | 26,420
From 7 to 10 years | 29,226
Total of recoverable ICMS, net of provision | 1,129,325

The provision for ICMS losses relates to tax credits of the subsidiaries whose amounts are not included within the term determined by its policy.

a.2 The balance r efers, mainly, to the PIS and COFINS credits recorded under Laws 10,637/2002 and 10,833/2003 in the amount of R$ 651,051 (R$ 539,026 as of December 31, 2019), whose consumption will occur through the offset of debts administered by the Brazilian Federal Revenue Service (“RFB”) in an estimated term of 2 years by management. The subsidiaries Extrafarma, Tropical Transportes Ipiranga Ltda (“Tropical”), EMCA, Oleoquímica and Oxiteno S.A. have credits in the amount of R$ 645,978 (R$ 391,544 as of December 31, 2019) resulting from a definitive favorab le decision on the exclusion of ICMS from the calculation basis of PIS and COFINS (see Note 22.d.1). For these cases, management estimates the realization of these credits within up to 5 years.

a.3 On March 15, 2017, due to general repercussions, the STF decided that ICMS does not compose the basis for calculating PIS and COFINS. The subsidiaries Extrafarma, Tequimar, Tropical and Oxiteno SA have credits originated from final definitive decisions on the exclusion of ICMS from the PIS and COFINS calculation base (see note 22.d), having been recorded in results, up to the present year of 2020, the amount of R$ 746,962 (R$ 338,110 up to 2019). For these cases, management estimates that these credits will be realized within up to 5 years.

The estimated recovery of PIS and COFINS credits is stated as follows:

Up to 1 year | 528,999
From 1 to 2 years | 405,998
From 2 to 3 years | 178,049
From 3 to 5 years | 183,983
Total of recoverable PIS and COFINS | 1,297,029

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

b. Recoverable income tax and social contribution taxes

Represented by recoverable IRPJ and CSLL.

| 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
IRPJ and CSLL | 627,285 |  | 430,290
Current | 366,080 |  | 325,343
Non-current | 261,205 |  | 104,947

Relates to IRPJ and CSLL to be recovered by the Company and its subsidiaries arising from the tax advances of previous years, with management estimating the realization of these credits within up to 5 years.

# 8. Related p arties

a. Related parties

Balances and transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries and between subsidiaries have been eliminated in consolidation and are not disclosed in this note. The balances and transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries with other related parties are disclosed below:

| Loans
| Assets |  | Liabilities
Química da Bahia Indústria e Comércio S.A. (1) | - |  | 2,875
Routeasy Serviços de Assessoria Logística Ltda. (2) | 2,334 |  | -
Others (1) | 490 |  | 836
Total as of December 31, 2020 | 2,824 |  | 3,711

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

| Loans
| Assets |  | Liabilities
Química da Bahia Indústria e Comércio S.A. (1) | - |  | 2,875
Others (1) | 490 |  | 1,050
Total as of December 31, 2019 | 490 |  | 3,925

(1) Loans contracted have indefinite terms and do not contain remuneration clauses.

(2) The loans contracted have a term of 36 months and can be extended by mutual agreement between the parties being remunerated by the DI plus a premium of 3% p.a.

| Commercial transactions
| Receivables (1) |  | Payables (1) |  | Sales and services |  | Purchases |  | Expenses
Oxicap Indústria de Gases Ltda. | - |  | 1,772 |  | 471 |  | 19,077 |  | -
Refinaria de Petróleo Riograndense S.A. | - |  | 65,215 |  | - |  | 314,587 |  | -
ConectCar Soluções de Mobilidade Eletrônica S.A. | 151 |  | 104 |  | 3,062 |  | 154 |  | -
LA’7 Participações e Empreend. Imob. Ltda. (a) | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 1,613
Chevron (Thailand) Limited | 166 |  | 6 |  | - |  | 759 |  | -
Chevron Brasil Oleos Basicos LTDA | - |  | 6 |  | - |  | - |  | -
Chevron Latin America Marketing LLC | 118 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | -
Chevron Lubricants Lanka PLC | 3 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | -
Chevron Lubricants Oils S.A. | 823 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | -
Chevron Marine Products | 1,873 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | -
Chevron Oronite Brasil LTDA. | - |  | 37,482 |  | - |  | 108,198 |  | -
Chevron Products Company | - |  | 87,754 |  | - |  | 247,578 |  | -
Chevron Belgium NV | - |  | 785 |  | - |  | 6,707 |  | -
Chevron Petroleum CO Colombia | 1 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | -
Total as of December 31, 2020 | 3,135 |  | 193,124 |  | 3,533 |  | 697,060 |  | 1,613

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

| Commercial transactions
| Receivables (1) |  | Payables (1) |  | Other payables |  | Sales and services |  | Purchases |  | Expenses
Oxicap Indústria de Gases Ltda. | - |  | 1,545 |  | - |  | 1 |  | 18,565 |  | -
Refinaria de Petróleo Riograndense S.A. | - |  | 264,602 |  | - |  | - |  | 1,019,108 |  | -
ConectCar Soluções de Mobilidade Eletrônica S.A. | 739 |  | 113 |  | - |  | 7,385 |  | 121 |  | -
LA’7 Participações e Empreend. Imob. Ltda. (a) | - |  | 124 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 1,477
Chevron (Thailand) Limited | 1,333 |  | 5,177 |  | - |  | - |  | 90,912 |  | -
Chevron Brasil Oleos Basicos LTDA | - |  | - |  | 6 |  | - |  | 6,336 |  | -
Chevron Latin America Marketing LLC | 86 |  | 6 |  | - |  | 13 |  | 506 |  | -
Chevron Lubricants Lanka PLC | - |  | - |  | 285 |  | - |  | - |  | -
Chevron Lubricants Oils S.A. | 58 |  | - |  | - |  | 42 |  | - |  | -
Chevron Marine Products | 506 |  | - |  | - |  | 104 |  | - |  | -
Chevron Oronite Brasil LTDA. | 1,193 |  | - |  | - |  | 345 |  | - |  | -
Chevron Products Company | - |  | 16,302 |  | - |  | - |  | 212,915 |  | -
Chevron Belgium NV | - |  | 2,119 |  | - |  | - |  | 15,019 |  | -
Chevron Petroleum CO Colombia | - |  | - |  | 7 |  | 30 |  | - |  | -
Total as of December 31, 2019 | 3,915 |  | 289,988 |  | 298 |  | 7,920 |  | 1,363,482 |  | 1,477

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

| Commercial transactions
|  | Sales and services |  | Purchases |  | Expenses
Oxicap Indústria de Gases Ltda. |  | 6 |  | 9,032 |  | -
Refinaria de Petróleo Riograndense S.A. |  | - |  | 1,008,860 |  | -
ConectCar Soluções de Mobilidade Eletrônica S.A. |  | 3,844 |  | 186 |  | -
LA’7 Participações e Empreend. Imob. Ltda. (a) |  | - |  | - |  | 1,469
Total as of December 31, 2018 |  | 3,850 |  | 1,018,078 |  | 1,469

(1) Included in “domestic trade receivables”, “domestic trade payables” and “domestic trade payables – reverse factoring”, respectively.

(a) Refers to rental contracts of 15 drugstores owned by LA’7 as of December 3 1, 2020 and 2019, a company of the former shareholders of Extrafarma that are current shareholders of Ultrapar.

Purchase and sale transactions relate substantially to the purchase of raw materials, feedstock, transportation, and storage services based on similar market prices and terms with customers and suppliers with comparable operational performance. The operations of ConectCar Soluções de Mobilidade Eletrônica S.A. (“ConectCar”) refer to services provided. In the opinion of the Company and its subsidiaries’ management, transactions with related parties are not subject to credit risk, therefore, no provision for expected losses on accounts receivable or guarantees are recorded. Guarantees provided by the Company in loans of subsidiaries and affiliates are mentioned in Note 16.j.

b. Key executives

The Company’s compensation strategy combines short and long-term elements, following the principles of alignment of interests and of maintaining a competitive compensation, and is aimed at retaining key officers and remunerating them adequately according to their attributed responsibilities and the value created to the Company and its shareholders.

Short-term compensation is comprised of: (a) fixed monthly compensation paid with the objective of rewarding the executive’s experience, responsibility, and his/her position’s complexity, and includes salary and benefits such as medical coverage, check-up, life insurance, and others; (b) variable compensation paid annually with the objective of aligning the executive’s and the Company’s objectives, which is linked to: (i) the business performance measured through its economic value creation and (ii) the fulfillment of individual annual goals that are based on the strategic plan and are focused on expansion and operational excellence projects, people development and market positioning, among others. Further details about the Deferred Stock Plan are contained in Note 8.c and about post-employment benefits in Note 20.b.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

T he expenses for compensation of its key executives (Company’s directors and executive officers) as shown below:

| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Short-term compensation | 47,936 |  | 41,659 |  | 36,504
Stock compensation | 4,786 |  | 9,881 |  | 1,407
Post-employment benefits | 2,866 |  | 2,640 |  | 2,278
Termination benefit | - |  | - |  | 905
Total | 55,588 |  | 54,180 |  | 41,094

c. Deferred stock plan

Since 2003 Ultrapar has adopted a stock plan in which the executive h as the usufruct of shares held in treasury until the transfer of the full ownership of the shares to those eligible members of management after five to seven years from the initial concession of the rights subject to uninterrupted employment of the participant during the period. The volume of shares and the executives e ligible are determined by the Board of Directors, and there is no mandatory annual grant. The total number of shares to be used in the plan is subject to the number of shares in treasury. Ultrapar’s Board of Directors members are not eligible to participate in the stock plan. The fair value of the awards was determined on the grant date based on the market value of the shares on the B3, the Brazilian Securities, Commodities and Futures Exchange and the amounts are amortized between five to seven years from the grant date.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

The table below summarizes shares granted to the Company and its subsidiaries’ management:

Grant date | Balance of number of shares granted |  | Vesting period |  | Market price of shares on the grant date (in R$ per share) |  | Total grant costs, including taxes |  | Accumulated recognized grant costs |  |  | Accumulated unrecognized grant costs |
March 4, 2016 | 380,000 |  | 2021 to 2023 |  | 32.72 |  | 17,147 |  | (14,076 | ) |  | 3,071 |
December 10, 2014 | 266,660 |  | 2021 |  | 25.32 |  | 28,405 |  | (26,726 | ) |  | 1,679 |
March 5, 2014 | 55,600 |  | 2021 |  | 26.08 |  | 5,999 |  | (5,951 | ) |  | 48 |
| 702,260 |  |  |  |  |  | 51,551 |  | (46,753 | ) |  | 4,798 |

In 2020, t he amortization in the amount of R$ 2,360 (R$ 10,321 in 2019 and R$ 3,922 in 2018) was recognized as a general and administrative expense.

The table below summarizes the changes of number of shares granted:

Balance on December 31, 2018 |  | 1,700,128 |
Shares vested and transferred |  | (475,604 | )
Balance on December 31, 2019 |  | 1,224,524 |
Cancellation of granted shares due to termination of executive employment |  | (200,000 | )
Shares vested and transferred |  | (322,264 | )
Balance on December 31, 2020 |  | 702,260 |

In addition, on April 19, 2017, the Ordinary and Extraordinary General Shareholders’ Meeting (“OEGM”) of approved a new incentive plan based on shares (”Plan”), which establishes the general terms and conditions for the concession of common shares issued by the Company and held in treasury, that may or may not involve the granting of usufruct of part of these shares for later transfer of the ownership of the shares, in periods of three to six years, to directors or employees of the Company or its subsidiaries.

As a result of the Plan, common shares representing at most 1% of the Company's share capital may be delivered to the p articipants, which corresponds, at the date of approval of this Plan, to 11,128,102 common shares.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

The table below summarizes the r estricted and p erformance stock programs:

Program | Grant date |  | Balance of number of shares granted |  | Vesting period |  | Market price of shares on the grant date (in R$ per share) |  | Total grant costs, including taxes |  | Accumulated recognized grant costs |  |  | Accumulated unrecognized grant costs
Restricted | October 1, 2017 |  | 240,000 |  | 2023 |  | 38.19 |  | 12,642 |  | (6,848 | ) |  | 5,794
Restricted and performance | November 8, 2017 |  | 23,674 |  | 2021 to 2022 |  | 38.19 |  | 2,723 |  | (1,852 | ) |  | 871
Restricted and performance | April 4, 2018 |  | 121,720 |  | 2021 to 2023 |  | 34.35 |  | 8,451 |  | (5,522 | ) |  | 2,929
Restricted | September 19, 2018 |  | 80,000 |  | 2024 |  | 19.58 |  | 3,691 |  | (810 | ) |  | 2,881
Restricted | September 24, 2018 |  | 80,000 |  | 2024 |  | 18.40 |  | 2,030 |  | (761 | ) |  | 1,269
Restricted and performance | April 3, 2019 |  | 469,872 |  | 2022 to 2024 |  | 23.25 |  | 20,900 |  | (9,573 | ) |  | 11,327
Restricted | September 2, 2019 |  | 440,000 |  | 2025 |  | 16.42 |  | 9,965 |  | (2,215 | ) |  | 7,750
Restricted and performance | April 1, 2020 |  | 754,896 |  | 2023 to 2025 |  | 12.53 |  | 18,653 |  | (3,584 | ) |  | 15,069
Restricted | September 16, 2020 |  | 700,000 |  | 2026 |  | 23.03 |  | 22,236 |  | (1,235 | ) |  | 21,001
|  |  | 2,910,162 |  |  |  |  |  | 101,291 |  | (32,400 | ) |  | 68,891

In 2020, a general and administrative expense in the amount of R$ 12,664 was recognized in relation to the Plan (R$ 12,893 in 201 9 and R$ 6,001 in 201 8).

Balance on December 31, 2018 |  | 739,952 |
Shares granted on April 3, 2019 |  | 567,876 |
Shares granted on September 2, 2019 |  | 440,000 |
Cancellation of granted shares due to termination of executive employment |  | (9,168 | )
Balance on December 31, 2019 |  | 1,738,660 |
Shares granted on April 1, 2020 |  | 877,788 |
Shares granted on September 16, 2020 |  | 700,000 |
Cancellation of granted shares due to termination of executive employment |  | (353,294 | )
Cancellation of performance shares |  | (52,992 | )
Balance on December 31, 2020 |  | 2,910,162 |

The information above was adjusted restrospectively as disclosure in Note 25.a.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

# 9. Income and s ocial c ontribution t axes

a. Deferred income (IRPJ) and social contribution taxes (CSLL)

The Company and its subsidiaries recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are not subject to the statute of limitations, mainly resulting from p rovision for differences between cash and accrual basis, tax loss carryforwards, negative tax bases and provisions for tax, civil, and labor risks. Deferred tax assets are sustained by the continued profitability of their operations. Deferred IRPJ and CSLL are recognized under the following main categories:

| 12/31/2020 |  |  | 12/31/2019 |
Assets - deferred income and social contribution taxes on: |  |  |  |  |
Provision for impairment of assets | 75,231 |  |  | 72,377 |
Provisions for tax, civil, and labor risks | 138,516 |  |  | 150,085 |
Provision for post-employment benefits | 96,108 |  |  | 92,199 |
Provision for differences between cash and accrual basis (i) | 606,054 |  |  | 224,065 |
Goodwill | 5,161 |  |  | 8,161 |
Business combination – tax basis vs. accounting basis of goodwill | 75,515 |  |  | 75,745 |
Provision for asset retirement obligation | 15,728 |  |  | 14,762 |
Provision for suppliers | 49,501 |  |  | 35,214 |
Provision for profit sharing and bonus | 56,873 |  |  | 44,818 |
Leases payable | 41,932 |  |  | 19,003 |
Change in fair value of subscription warrants | 22,833 |  |  | 16,338 |
Provision for deferred revenue | 25,770 |  |  | 29,961 |
Other provisions | 14,917 |  |  | 15,355 |
Tax losses and negative basis for social contribution carryforwards (9.d) | 363,862 |  |  | 278,140 |
Total | 1,588,001 |  |  | 1,076,223 |
Offset liability balance of deferred IRPJ and CSLL | (613,290 | ) |  | (422,529 | )
Net balance of deferred taxes assets | 974,711 |  |  | 653,694 |
Liabilities - deferred income and social contribution taxes on: |  |  |  |  |
Revaluation of PP&E | 1,776 |  |  | 1,866 |
Leases payable | 1,895 |  |  | 2,356 |
Provision for differences between cash and accrual basis (i) | 402,780 |  |  | 257,718 |
Provision for goodwill | 92,242 |  |  | 39,186 |
Business combination – fair value of assets | 111,832 |  |  | 114,125 |
Other provisions | 15,497 |  |  | 14,809 |
Total | 626,022 |  |  | 430,060 |
Offset asset balance of deferred IRPJ and CSLL | (613,290 | ) |  | (422,529 | )
Net balance of deferred taxes liabilities | 12,732 |  |  | 7,531 |

(i) Refers mainly to the income tax on the exchange variation of the derivate hedging instruments.

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

Changes in the net balance of deferred IRPJ and CSLL are as follows:

| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |
Initial balance | 646,163 |  | 504,890 |  | 530,419 |
Deferred IRPJ and CSLL recognized in income of the year | 87,939 |  | 97,465 |  | (162,417 | )
Deferred IRPJ and CSLL recognized in other comprehensive income | 210,034 |  | 40,497 |  | 133,124 |
Deferred IRPJ and CSLL recognized in business combination | - |  | - |  | 1,054 |
Others | 17,843 |  | 3,311 |  | 2,710 |
Final balance | 961,979 |  | 646,163 |  | 504,890 |

The estimated recovery of deferred tax assets relating to IRPJ and CSLL is stated as follows:

Up to 1 year | 203,341
From 1 to 2 years | 154,684
From 2 to 3 years | 79,646
From 3 to 5 years | 189,231
From 5 to 7 years | 634,200
From 7 to 10 years | 326,899
Total of deferred tax assets relating to IRPJ and CSLL | 1,588,001

In order to evaluate the realization of deferred tax assets, the taxable income projections from business plans of each segment of the Company which indicates trends and perspectives, demand effects, competition and other economic factors, and that represent the management’s best estimate about the economic conditions existing during the period of realization of the deferred tax asset were taken into account.

The main key assumptions used to calculate the realization of deferred tax assets are: growth in Gross Domestic Product (“GDP”), exchange rate, basic interest rate (SELIC) and DI, inflation rate, commodity price index, among others. The balance of R$ 1,588,001 was supported by the technical study on taxable profit projections for the realization of deferred tax assets, examined by the Fiscal Council (“CF”) and by the Audit and Risks Committee (“CAR”).

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

b. Reconciliation of income and social contribution taxes

IRPJ and CSLL are reconciled to the statutory tax rates as follows:

| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |
Income (loss) before taxes and share of profit (loss) of joint ventures, and associates | 1,542,681 |  | 793,698 |  | 1,785,818 |
Statutory tax rates – % | 34 |  | 34 |  | 34 |
Income and social contribution taxes at the statutory tax rates | (524,512 | ) | (269,857 | ) | (607,178 | )
Adjustments to the statutory income and social contribution taxes: |  |  |  |  |  |
Nondeductible expenses (i) | (74,877 | ) | (68,795 | ) | (82,784 | )
Nontaxable revenues (ii) | 33,552 |  | 28,235 |  | 32,523 |
Adjustment to estimated income (iii) | 8,850 |  | 10,511 |  | 9,706 |
Interest on equity (iv) | - |  | - |  | (538 | )
Unrecorded deferred income and social contribution taxes carryforwards deferred (v) | (123,300 | ) | (146,820 | ) | (95,480 | )
Other adjustments | 24,992 |  | 24,873 |  | (2,634 | )
Income and social contribution taxes before tax incentives | (655,295 | ) | (421,853 | ) | (746,385 | )
Tax incentives - SUDENE | 83,928 |  | 43,244 |  | 107,666 |
Income and social contribution taxes in the income statement | (571,367 | ) | (378,609 | ) | (638,719 | )
Current | (659,306 | ) | (476,074 | ) | (476,302 | )
Deferred | 87,939 |  | 97,465 |  | (162,417 | )
Effective IRPJ and CSLL rates – % | 37.0 |  | 47.7 |  | 35.8 |

(i) | C onsist of certain expenses that cannot be deducted for tax purposes under applicable tax legislation, such as expenses with fines, donations, gifts, losses of assets, negative effects of foreign subsidiaries and certain provisions.
(ii) | C onsist of certain gains and income that are not taxable under applicable tax legislation, such as the reimbursement of taxes and the reversal of certain provisions.
(iii) | Brazilian tax law allows for an alternative method of taxation for companies that generated gross revenues of up to R$ 7 8 million in their previous fiscal year. Certain subsidiaries of the Company adopted this alternative form of taxation, whereby income and social contribution taxes are calculated on a basis equal to 32% of operating revenues, as opposed to being calculated based on the effective taxable income of these subsidiaries. The adjustment to estimated income represents the difference between the taxation under this alternative method and the income and social contribution taxes that would have been pa id based on the effective statutory rate applied to the taxable income of these subsidiaries.
(iv) | Interest on equity is an option foreseen in Brazilian corporate law to distribute profits to shareholders, calculated based on the long-term interest rate (“TJLP”), which does not affect the income statement, but is deductible for purposes of IRPJ and CSLL, being taxable to the beneficiary and deductible to the entity that pays.
(v) | See Note 9.d.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

c. Tax i ncentives – SUDENE

The following subsidiaries are entitled to federal tax benefits providing for IRPJ reduction under the program for development of northeastern Brazil operated by the Superintendence for the Development of the Northeast (“SUDENE”), as shown below:

Subsidiary | Units | Incentive - % | Expiration
Bahiana Distribuidora de Gás Ltda. | Mataripe base | 75 | 2024
| Caucaia base | 75 | 2025
| Juazeiro base | 75 | 2026
| Aracaju base | 75 | 2027
| Suape base | 75 | 2027
Terminal Químico de Aratu S.A. – Tequimar | Suape terminal (1) | 75 | 2020
| Aratu terminal | 75 | 2022
| Itaqui terminal | 75 | 2025
Oleoquímica Indústria e Comércio de Produtos Químicos Ltda. | Camaçari plant | 75 | 2021
Oxiteno S.A. Indústria e Comércio (2) | Camaçari plant | 75 | 2026
Empresa Carioca de Produtos Químicos S.A. (3) | Camaçari plant | 75 | 2026

(1) | Based on the legislation in force the enterprise belongs to the sectors identified as priorities for the development of the Northeast region of Brazil. C ombined with Tequimar's successful track record in meeting the requirements for maintaining and renewing the incentive, as well as in the fact that several investments have been made in the modernization of the production process of the unit that is the object of the benefit – Suape Terminal, the request for the extension of the incentive for another 10 years will be filed in 2021 at SUDENE. The ren ewal request is usually made in the year after the year in which the incentive expires and generates retroactive effects as of January of the year in which the request is filed.
(2) | The request for renewal of the Oleoquímica incentive will be filed in 2022, for the same reasons described in note 1 above.
(3) | The request to transfer the right to reduce the IRPJ to Oxiteno S.A. was submitted to SUDENE and waits decision.

d. Income and social contribution taxes carryforwards

In December 3 1, 20 20, the Company and certain subsidiaries ha d tax loss carryforwards related to income tax (IRPJ) of R$ 1,687,482 (R$ 1,268,964 as of December 31, 201 9) and negative basis of CSLL of R$ 1,689,232 (R$ 1,270,714 as of December 31, 201 9), whose compensations are limited to 30% of taxable income in a given tax year, which do not expire.

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

The balances which are constituted of deferred taxes related to income tax loss carryforwards and negative basis of social contribution base are as follows:

| 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
Oxiteno S.A. | 205,604 |  | 148,306
Extrafarma | 72,318 |  | 72,318
Ipiranga | 44,537 |  | -
Ultrapar | 27,736 |  | 27,051
Iconic | 5,691 |  |
Abastece Aí | 7,362 |  | -
Tequimar Vila do Conde | 489 |  | 17,657
Ultracargo | 107 |  | -
UVC Investimentos | 18 |  | -
Cia Ultragaz | - |  | 12,808
| 363,862 |  | 278,140

The balances which are not constituted of deferred taxes related to income tax loss carryforwards and negative basis of social contribution base are as follows:

| 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
Extrafarma | 294,400 |  | 237,664
Millennium | 640 |  | 96
Integra Frotas | 7,802 |  | 4,636
| 302,842 |  | 242,396

In addition, the following foreign subsidiaries that do not have deferred taxes recognized related to income tax, as shown below, subject to local compensation rules.

| 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019 |  | 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
| US$ (thousands) |  | US$ (thousands) |  | R$ (thousands) |  | R$ (thousands)
Oxiteno USA | 217,837 |  | 184,781 |  | 1,132,035 |  | 744,797
Oxiteno Uruguai | 7,943 |  | 7,444 |  | 41,279 |  | 30,005
Ultrapar International | 6,261 |  | 10,420 |  | 32,535 |  | 42,000
| 232,041 |  | 202,645 |  | 1,205,849 |  | 816,802

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

# 10. Prepaid e xpenses

| 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
Rents | 30,400 |  | 37,106
Advertising and publicity | 17,752 |  | 24,857
Deferred stock plan, net (see Note 8.c) | 9,900 |  | 15,965
Insurance premiums | 58,675 |  | 61,884
Software maintenance | 24,233 |  | 23,216
Employee benefits | 8,924 |  | 3,425
IPVA and IPTU | 2,632 |  | 937
Contribution - private pension fund (see Note 20.a) | 36,068 |  | -
Other prepaid expenses | 14,045 |  | 13,181
| 202,629 |  | 180,571
Current | 132,122 |  | 111,355
Non-current | 70,507 |  | 69,216

# 11. Contractual a ssets with c ustomers – e xclusive r ights

Refers to exclusive rights disbursements of Ipiranga’s agreements with reseller service stations and major consumers that are recognized at the time of their occurrence and recognized as a reduction s of the revenue from sales and services in the statement of profit or loss according to the conditions established in the agreement, being reviewed as changes occur under the terms of the agreements. In December 31, 2020 the contracts amortization weighted average term was five years.

Balance and changes are shown below:

Balance as of December 31, 2017 |  | 1,502,360 |
Additions |  | 390,177 |
Amortization |  | (371,825 | )
Transfer |  | (2,235 | )
Balance as of December 31, 2018 |  | 1,518,477 |
Additions |  | 330,068 |
Amortization |  | (355,250 | )
Transfer |  | (27,306 | )
Balance as of December 31, 2019 |  | 1,465,989 |
Additions |  | 549,085 |
Amortization |  | (289,436 | )
Transfer |  | (19,307 | )
Balance as of December 31, 2020 |  | 1,706,331 |
Current |  | 478,908 |
Non-current |  | 1,227,423 |

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

# 12. Investments

a. Joint ventures

The Company holds an interest in Refinaria de Petróleo Riograndense (“RPR”), which is primarily engaged in oil refining.

The subsidiary Ultracargo – Operações Logísticas e Participações Ltda. (“Ultracargo Participações”) holds an interest in Uni ã o Vopak – Armazéns Gerais Ltda. (“União Vopak”), which is primarily engaged in liquid bulk storage in the port of Paranaguá.

The subsidiary IPP holds an interest in ConectCar, which is primarily engaged in automatic payment of tolls and parking in the State s of Bahia, Ceará, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, São Paulo and Distrito Federal.

The subsidiary IPP participat e s in the port concession BEL02A at the port of Miramar, in Belém (PA), through Latitude Log í stica Portuária S.A. (“Latitude”); f or the port of Vitória (ES), participate s through Navegantes Logística Portuária S.A. (“Navegantes”); in Cabedelo (PB), has participat ion in the Nordeste Logística I S.A. ("Nordeste Logística I"), Nordeste Logística II S.A. ("Nordeste Logística II") and Nordeste Logística III S.A. ("Nordeste Logística III”) (see Note 3 4.c).

These investments are accounted for under the equity method of accounting based on their financial statements as of December 3 1, 20 20.

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

Balances and changes in joint ventures are as follows:

| União Vopak |  |  | RPR |  |  | ConectCar |  |  | Latitude Logística |  |  | Navegantes Logística |  |  | Nordeste Logística I |  |  | Nordeste Logística II |  |  | Nordeste Logística III |  |  | Total |
Balance as of December 31, 2017 | 6,096 |  |  | 54,739 |  |  | 61,226 |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | 122,061 |
Capital increase | - |  |  | - |  |  | 31,908 |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | 31,908 |
Valuation adjustments | - |  |  | (3,704 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | (3,704 | )
Dividends | - |  |  | (32,065 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | (32,065 | )
Share of profit (loss) of joint ventures | 1,350 |  |  | 1,148 |  |  | (18,744 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | (16,246 | )
Balance as of December 31, 2018 | 7,446 |  |  | 20,118 |  |  | 74,390 |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | 101,954 |
Capital increase | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | 35,000 |  |  | 10,351 |  |  | 23,581 |  |  | 1,930 |  |  | 4,183 |  |  | 4,079 |  |  | 79,124 |
Valuation adjustments | ‐ |  |  | (7,771 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | (7,771 | )
Dividends | (1,474 | ) |  | (4,295 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | (5,769 | )
Share of profit (loss) of joint ventures | 1,370 |  |  | 10,740 |  |  | (26,572 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | (14,462 | )
Balance as of December 31, 2019 | 7,342 |  |  | 18,792 |  |  | 82,818 |  |  | 10,351 |  |  | 23,581 |  |  | 1,930 |  |  | 4,183 |  |  | 4,079 |  |  | 153,076 |
Capital increase | - |  |  | - |  |  | 20,000 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 303 |  |  | 3,894 |  |  | 5,006 |  |  | 29,203 |
Capital reduction (i) | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (363 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (363 | )
Valuation adjustments | - |  |  | 1,065 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 1,065 |
Dividends | - |  |  | (165 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (165 | )
Share of profit (loss) of joint ventures | 392 |  |  | (21,788 | ) |  | (21,638 | ) |  | - |  |  | (1,594 | ) |  | (1,409 | ) |  | (401 | ) |  | 626 |  |  | (45,812 | )
Transfer to provision for short-term liabilities | - |  |  | 2,096 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 2,096 |
Balance as of December 31, 2020 | 7,734 |  |  | - |  |  | 81,180 |  |  | 10,351 |  |  | 21,624 |  |  | 824 |  |  | 7,676 |  |  | 9,711 |  |  | 139,100 |

(i) Refers to reimbursement of expenses that preceded the port auctions and that were apportioned among the members of the consortium.

| Provision for short-term liabilities
| RPR
Balance as of December 31, 2019 | -
Transfer to provision for short-term liabilities | 2,096
Balance as of December 31, 2020 | 2,096

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

The table below presents the statements of financial position and statements of profit or loss of joint ventures:

| 12/31/2020 |
| União Vopak |  |  | RPR |  |  | ConectCar |  |  | Navegantes Logística |  |  | Nordeste Logística I |  |  | Nordeste Logística II |  |  | Nordeste Logística III |
Current assets | 8,510 |  |  | 291,720 |  |  | 161,371 |  |  | 24,691 |  |  | 972 |  |  | 18,531 |  |  | 21,513 |
Non-current assets | 9,796 |  |  | 171,270 |  |  | 169,843 |  |  | 166,389 |  |  | 6,021 |  |  | 18,005 |  |  | 30,503 |
Current liabilities | 2,698 |  |  | 363,388 |  |  | 168,854 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 6 |
Non-current liabilities | 140 |  |  | 105,912 |  |  | - |  |  | 126,201 |  |  | 4,516 |  |  | 13,504 |  |  | 22,877 |
Equity | 15,468 |  |  | (6,310 | ) |  | 162,360 |  |  | 64,871 |  |  | 2,473 |  |  | 23,027 |  |  | 29,133 |
Net revenue from sales and services | 15,666 |  |  | 1,455,668 |  |  | 91,096 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Costs, operating expenses and income | (14,408 | ) |  | (1,531,652 | ) |  | (134,961 | ) |  | (3,480 | ) |  | (4,225 | ) |  | (1,203 | ) |  | 1,878 |
Net finance income and income and social contribution taxes | (474 | ) |  | 10,361 |  |  | 589 |  |  | (1,301 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Net income (loss) | 784 |  |  | (65,623 | ) |  | (43,276 | ) |  | (4,781 | ) |  | (4,226 | ) |  | (1,203 | ) |  | 1,878 |
Number of shares or units held | 29,995 |  |  | 5,078,888 |  |  | 248,768,000 |  |  | 22,298,195 |  |  | 681,637 |  |  | 3,933,265 |  |  | 4,871,241 |
% of capital held | 50 |  |  | 33 |  |  | 50 |  |  | 33 |  |  | 33 |  |  | 33 |  |  | 33 |

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

| 12/31/2019 |
| União Vopak |  |  | RPR |  |  | Con ectCar |
Current assets | 6,818 |  |  | 428,880 |  |  | 159,972 |
Non-current assets | 9,182 |  |  | 133,565 |  |  | 161,817 |
Current liabilities | 1,116 |  |  | 418,289 |  |  | 155,542 |
Non-current liabilities | 200 |  |  | 87,562 |  |  | 612 |
Equity | 14,684 |  |  | 56,594 |  |  | 165,635 |
Net revenue from sales and services | 15,400 |  |  | 2,156,432 |  |  | 80,387 |
Costs, operating expenses and income | (12,083 | ) |  | (2,130,323 | ) |  | (136,764 | )
Net finance income and income and social contribution taxes | (577 | ) |  | 6,237 |  |  | 3,234 |
Net income (loss) | 2,740 |  |  | 32,346 |  |  | (53,143 | )
Number of shares or units held | 29,995 |  |  | 5,078,888 |  |  | 228,768,000 |
% of capital held | 50 |  |  | 33 |  |  | 50 |

| 12/31/2018 |
| União Vopak |  |  | RPR |  |  | Con ectCar |
Net revenue from sales and services | 16,938 |  |  | 2,092,548 |  |  | 57,506 |
Costs, operating expenses and income | (13,154 | ) |  | (2,083,592 | ) |  | (114,336 | )
Net finance income and income and social contribution taxes | (1,084 | ) |  | (261 | ) |  | 19,343 |
Net income (loss) | 2,700 |  |  | 8,695 |  |  | (37,487 | )
Number of shares or units held | 29,995 |  |  | 5,078,888 |  |  | 193,768,000 |
% of capital held | 50 |  |  | 33 |  |  | 50 |

The percentages in the table above are rounded.

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Table of Contents

Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

b. Associates

Subsidiary IPP holds an interest in Transportadora Sulbrasileira de Gás S.A., which is primarily engaged in natural gas transportation services.

Subsidiary Oxiteno S.A. holds an interest in Oxicap Indústria de Gases Ltda. (“Oxicap”), which is primarily engaged in the supply of nitrogen and oxygen for its shareholders in the Mauá petrochemical complex. T he subsidiary Oxiteno S.A. holds an interest in Química da Bahia Indústria e Comércio S.A., which is primarily engaged in manufacturing, marketing, and processing of chemicals. The operations of Química da Bahia are currently suspended.

Subsidiary Cia. Ultragaz holds an interest in Metalúrgica Plus S.A., which is primarily engaged in the manufacture and trading of LPG containers. The operations of this associate are currently suspended.

Subsidiary Cia. Ultragaz holds an interest in Plenogás Distribuidora de Gás S.A., which is primarily engaged in the marketing of LPG. The operations of this associate are currently suspended.

The se investment s are accounted for under the equity method of accounting based on the financial statements as of December 3 1, 2020.

Balances and changes in associates are as follows:

| Transportadora Sulbrasileira de Gás S.A. |  |  | Oxicap Indústria de Gases Ltda. |  |  | Química da Bahia Indústria e Comércio S.A. |  |  | Metalúrgica Plus S.A. |  |  | Plenogás Distribuidora de Gás S.A. |  |  | Total |
Balance as of December 31, 2017 | 6,348 |  |  | 14,458 |  |  | 3,618 |  |  | 340 |  |  | 577 |  |  | 25,341 |
Capital reduction | (1,250 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (1,250 | )
Dividends | (984 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (236 | ) |  | (1,220 | )
Share of profit (loss) of associates | 575 |  |  | 908 |  |  | (28 | ) |  | (112 | ) |  | 124 |  |  | 1,467 |
Balance as of December 31, 2018 | 4,689 |  |  | 15,366 |  |  | 3,590 |  |  | 228 |  |  | 465 |  |  | 24,338 |
Dividends | (818 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (87 | ) |  | (905 | )
Share of profit (loss) of associates | 1,790 |  |  | 568 |  |  | (36 | ) |  | (90 | ) |  | 85 |  |  | 2,317 |
Balance as of December 31, 2019 | 5,661 |  |  | 15,934 |  |  | 3,554 |  |  | 138 |  |  | 463 |  |  | 25,750 |
Dividends | (2,357 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (2,357 | )
Share of profit (loss) of associates | 1,846 |  |  | 414 |  |  | (12 | ) |  | (91 | ) |  | 38 |  |  | 2,195 |
Balance as of December 31, 2020 | 5,150 |  |  | 16,348 |  |  | 3,542 |  |  | 47 |  |  | 501 |  |  | 25,588 |

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

The table below presents the stat e ments of financial position and statements of profit or loss of associates:

| 12/31/2020 |
| Transportadora Sulbrasileira de Gás S.A. |  |  | Oxicap Indústria de Gases Ltda. |  |  | Química da Bahia Indústria e Comércio S.A. |  |  | Metalúrgica Plus S.A. |  |  | Plenogás Distribuidora de Gás S.A. |
Current assets | 10,570 |  |  | 65,136 |  |  | 47 |  |  | 58 |  |  | 352 |
Non-current assets | 12,822 |  |  | 77,339 |  |  | 10,146 |  |  | 414 |  |  | 2,196 |
Current liabilities | 2,189 |  |  | 26,116 |  |  | - |  |  | 28 |  |  | 154 |
Non-current liabilities | 602 |  |  | 7,994 |  |  | 3,109 |  |  | 302 |  |  | 890 |
Equity | 20,601 |  |  | 108,365 |  |  | 7,084 |  |  | 142 |  |  | 1,504 |
Net revenue from sales and services | 14,295 |  |  | 58,677 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Costs, operating expenses and income | (6,475 | ) |  | (54,163 | ) |  | (24 | ) |  | (212 | ) |  | 396 |
Net finance income and income and social contribution taxes | (437 | ) |  | (1,770 | ) |  | - |  |  | (60 | ) |  | (39 | )
Net income (loss) | 7,383 |  |  | 2,744 |  |  | (24 | ) |  | (272 | ) |  | 357 |
Number of shares or units held | 20,124,996 |  |  | 1,987 |  |  | 1,493,120 |  |  | 3,000 |  |  | 1,384,308 |
% of capital held | 25 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 50 |  |  | 33 |  |  | 33 |

| 12/31/2019 |
| Transportadora Sulbrasileira de Gás S.A. |  |  | Oxicap Indústria de Gases Ltda. |  |  | Química da Bahia Indústria e Comércio S.A. |  |  | Metalúrgica Plus S.A. |  |  | Plenogás Distribuidora de Gás S.A. |
Current assets | 12,172 |  |  | 45,178 |  |  | 71 |  |  | 40 |  |  | 151 |
Non-current assets | 14,041 |  |  | 84,705 |  |  | 10,147 |  |  | 703 |  |  | 2,440 |
Current liabilities | 2,944 |  |  | 11,041 |  |  | - |  |  | 25 |  |  | 34 |
Non-current liabilities | 626 |  |  | 9,634 |  |  | 3,110 |  |  | 302 |  |  | 1,167 |
Equity | 22,643 |  |  | 109,208 |  |  | 7,108 |  |  | 416 |  |  | 1,390 |
Net revenue from sales and services | 12,348 |  |  | 43,463 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Costs, operating expenses and income | (4,815 | ) |  | (36,791 | ) |  | (84 | ) |  | (213 | ) |  | 285 |
Net finance income and income and social contribution taxes | (157 | ) |  | (2,483 | ) |  | 12 |  |  | (57 | ) |  | (29 | )
Net income (loss) | 7,376 |  |  | 4,189 |  |  | (72 | ) |  | (270 | ) |  | 256 |
Number of shares or units held | 20,124,996 |  |  | 1,987 |  |  | 1,493,120 |  |  | 3,000 |  |  | 1,384,308 |
% of capital held | 25 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 50 |  |  | 33 |  |  | 33 |

| 12/31/2018 |
| Transportadora Sulbrasileira de Gás S.A. |  |  | Oxicap Indústria de Gases Ltda. |  |  | Química da Bahia Indústria e Comércio S.A. |  |  | Metalúrgica Plus S.A. |  |  | Plenogás Distribuidora de Gás S.A. |
Net revenue from sales and services | 10,595 |  |  | 53,288 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Costs, operating expenses and income | (7,957 | ) |  | (43,814 | ) |  | (78 | ) |  | (266 | ) |  | 399 |
Net finance income and income and social contribution taxes | (211 | ) |  | (3,453 | ) |  | 22 |  |  | (69 | ) |  | (27 | )
Net income (loss) | 2,427 |  |  | 6,021 |  |  | (56 | ) |  | (335 | ) |  | 372 |
Number of shares or units held | 20,124,996 |  |  | 1,987 |  |  | 1,493,120 |  |  | 3,000 |  |  | 1,384,308 |
% of capital held | 25 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 50 |  |  | 33 |  |  | 33 |

The percentages in the table above are rounded.

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Table of Contents

Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

# 13. Right-of-u se as sets and l eases p ayable

Some of the subsidiaries of the Company have real estate leases, substantially related to: (i) Ipiranga: fuel stations and distribution center; (ii) Extrafarma: pharmacies and distribution center; (iii) Ultragaz: points of sale and bottling base; (iv) Ultracargo: port areas; and (v) Oxiteno: industrial plant. Some subsidiaries also have lease agreements relating to vehicles.

a. Right-of-u se a ssets

| Weighted average useful life (years) | Balance on 12/31/2019 |  |  | Additions and remeasurement |  |  | Write-offs |  |  | Effect of foreign currency exchange rate variation |  |  | Amortization |  |  | Balance on 12/31/2020 |
Cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate | 10 | 2,068,254 |  |  | 259,244 |  |  | (78,529 | ) |  | 5,463 |  |  | - |  |  | 2,254,432 |
Port area (i) | 20 | 68,007 |  |  | 200,527 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 268,534 |
Vehicles | 4 | 91,868 |  |  | 55,616 |  |  | (7,893 | ) |  | 252 |  |  | - |  |  | 139,843 |
Equipment | 6 | 31,822 |  |  | 7,833 |  |  | (572 | ) |  | 5,853 |  |  | - |  |  | 44,936 |
Others | 20 | 27,846 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 27,846 |
|  | 2,287,797 |  |  | 523,220 |  |  | (86,994 | ) |  | 11,568 |  |  | - |  |  | 2,735,591 |
Accumulated amortization: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate |  | (256,430 | ) |  | - |  |  | 46,282 |  |  | (697 | ) |  | (271,130 | ) |  | (481,975 | )
Port area (i) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (3,962 | ) |  | (3,962 | )
Vehicles |  | (27,492 | ) |  | - |  |  | 5,509 |  |  | 232 |  |  | (41,340 | ) |  | (63,091 | )
Equipment |  | (7,600 | ) |  | - |  |  | 572 |  |  | (1,996 | ) |  | (10,595 | ) |  | (19,619 | )
Others |  | (15,363 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (1,295 | ) |  | (16,658 | )
|  | (306,885 | ) |  | - |  |  | 52,363 |  |  | (2,461 | ) |  | (328,322 | ) |  | (585,305 | )
Net amount |  | 1,980,912 |  |  | 523,220 |  |  | (34,631 | ) |  | 9,107 |  |  | (328,322 | ) |  | 2,150,286 |

| Weighted average useful life (years) | Adoption IFRS 16 |  |  | Additions and remeasurement |  |  | Write-offs |  |  | Transfer |  |  | Effect of foreign currency exchange rate variation |  |  | Amortization |  |  | Balance on 12/3 1/2019 |
Cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate | 7 | 1,636,330 |  |  | 308,622 |  |  | (55,605 | ) |  | 98,043 |  |  | 80,930 |  |  | - |  |  | 2,068,320 |
Port area (i) | - | - |  |  | 68,007 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 68,007 |
Others | 4 | 95,097 |  |  | 26,235 |  |  | (1,981 | ) |  | 27,847 |  |  | 4,272 |  |  | - |  |  | 151,470 |
|  | 1,731,427 |  |  | 402,864 |  |  | (57,586 | ) |  | 125,890 |  |  | 85,202 |  |  | - |  |  | 2,287,797 |
Accumulated amortization: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 6,682 |  |  | - |  |  | 36 |  |  | (262,750 | ) |  | (256,032 | )
Others |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 442 |  |  | (14,068 | ) |  | 81 |  |  | (37,308 | ) |  | (50,853 | )
|  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 7,124 |  |  | (14,068 | ) |  | 117 |  |  | (300,058 | ) |  | (306,885 | )
Net amount |  | 1,731,427 |  |  | 402,864 |  |  | (50,462 | ) |  | 111,822 |  |  | 85,319 |  |  | (300,058 | ) |  | 1,980,912 |

(i) Refers to the area port lease, which R$ 68,007 was paid by the Company’s subsidiaries in the fourth quarter of 2019 (see Note 34.c).

The amortization expenses were recognized in the f inancial statements as shown below:

| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Cost of products and services sold | 66,604 |  | 48,134 |  | 15,044
Selling and marketing | 257,846 |  | 244,974 |  | 8,920
General and administrative | 3,872 |  | 6,950 |  | 75,370
| 328,322 |  | 300,058 |  | 99,334

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Table of Contents

Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

b. Lease s p ayable

The changes in leases payable are shown below:

Balance as of December 31, 2018 | 46,066 |
Adoption IFRS 16 | 1,363,803 |
Interest accrued | 128,996 |
Payments | (321,716 | )
Additions and remeasurement | 334,857 |
Write-offs | (52,129 | )
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate variation | 88,796 |
Balance as of December 31, 2019 | 1,588,673 |
Interest accrued | 144,655 |
Payments | (360,787 | )
Additions and remeasurement | 484,121 |
Write-offs | (35,381 | )
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate variation | 12,007 |
Balance as of December 31, 2020 | 1,833,288 |
Current | 260,189 |
Non-current | 1,573,099 |

The future disbursements (installments) assumed under leases contracts are presented below:

| 12/31/2020
Up to 1 year | 396,010
From 1 to 2 years | 351,894
From 2 to 3 years | 316,195
From 3 to 4 years | 284,575
From 4 to 5 years | 256,429
More than 5 years | 1,129,281
Total | 2,734,384

The contracts related to the leases payable are substantially indexed by the IGP-M (General Market Price Index is a measure of Brazilian inflation, calculated by the Getúlio Vargas Foundation).

The weighted average discount rates for the lease payable are presented below:

Maturity date of the contracts | Up to 5 years |  | From 5 to 10 years |  | From 10 to 15 years |  | More than 15 years
Weighted average discount rates (% p.a.) | 7.2 |  | 8.8 |  | 8.9 |  | 9.2

c. Lease contracts of low amount assets

Subsidiaries Cia. Ultragaz, Bahiana, Extrafarma, Ipiranga, Serma and Oxiteno S.A. have operating lease contracts consider as low value, short term and variable payments for the use of factory and IT equipment’s, vehicles and real states. The subsidiaries have the option to purchase the assets referring to IT equipment at a price equal to the fair value on the date of option, and management does not intend to exercise such option.

The future disbursements (payments), assumed as a result of these contracts amount approximately to:

| Up to 1 year |  | Between 1 and 5 years |  | More than 5 years |  | Total
12/31/2020 | 1,147 |  | 6,145 |  | - |  | 7,292
12/31/2019 | 3,474 |  | 6,028 |  | ‐ |  | 9,502

The amount of lease considered as of low value, short term and variable payments, recognized as an expense in 2020 was R$ 17,749 (R$ 11,400 in 2019 and R$ 11,386 in 2018).

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

# 14. Property, p lant, and e quipment

Balances and changes in PP&E are as follows:

| Weighted average useful life (years) | Balance on 12/31/2019 |  |  | Additions |  |  | Depreciation |  |  | Transfer (i) |  |  | Write- offs and disposals |  |  | Effect of foreign currency exchange rate variation |  |  | Balance on 12/31/2020 |
Cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land | - | 667,865 |  |  | 21,300 |  |  | - |  |  | 2,113 |  |  | (14,427 | ) |  | 10,257 |  |  | 687,108 |
Buildings | 32 | 1,925,946 |  |  | 25,572 |  |  | - |  |  | 148,527 |  |  | (27,210 | ) |  | 81,875 |  |  | 2,154,710 |
Leasehold improvements | 9 | 1,121,528 |  |  | 28,374 |  |  | - |  |  | 89,559 |  |  | (16,954 | ) |  | 315 |  |  | 1,222,822 |
Machinery and equipment | 13 | 5,707,721 |  |  | 144,089 |  |  | - |  |  | 378,883 |  |  | (5,554 | ) |  | 273,223 |  |  | 6,498,362 |
Automotive fuel/lubricant distribution equipment and facilities | 13 | 2,991,472 |  |  | 90,279 |  |  | - |  |  | 133,963 |  |  | (46,394 | ) |  | - |  |  | 3,169,320 |
LPG tanks and bottles | 10 | 755,460 |  |  | 65,230 |  |  | - |  |  | 289 |  |  | (44,500 | ) |  | - |  |  | 776,479 |
Vehicles | 8 | 320,161 |  |  | 22,495 |  |  | - |  |  | 8,363 |  |  | (40,517 | ) |  | 334 |  |  | 310,836 |
Furniture and utensils | 9 | 295,604 |  |  | 13,985 |  |  | - |  |  | 6,775 |  |  | (3,694 | ) |  | 4,042 |  |  | 316,712 |
Construction in progress | - | 827,086 |  |  | 506,367 |  |  | - |  |  | (765,785 | ) |  | (1,167 | ) |  | 14,194 |  |  | 580,695 |
Advances to suppliers | - | 12,544 |  |  | 28,339 |  |  | - |  |  | (6,185 | ) |  | (56 | ) |  | - |  |  | 34,642 |
Imports in progress | - | 250 |  |  | 1,437 |  |  | - |  |  | (822 | ) |  | - |  |  | 1 |  |  | 866 |
IT equipment | 5 | 412,809 |  |  | 32,134 |  |  | - |  |  | 539 |  |  | (2,827 | ) |  | 2,189 |  |  | 444,844 |
|  | 15,038,446 |  |  | 979,601 |  |  | - |  |  | (3,781 | ) |  | (203,300 | ) |  | 386,430 |  |  | 16,197,396 |

|  | Balance on 12/31/2019 |  |  | Additions |  |  | Depreciation |  |  | Transfer (i) |  |  | Write- offs and disposals |  |  | Effect of foreign currency exchange rate variation |  |  | Balance on 12/31/2020 |
Accumulated depreciation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Buildings |  | (793,835 | ) |  | - |  |  | (65,318 | ) |  | 2,376 |  |  | 20,021 |  |  | (14,641 | ) |  | (851,397 | )
Leasehold improvements |  | (614,379 | ) |  | - |  |  | (80,995 | ) |  | 49 |  |  | 6,252 |  |  | (88 | ) |  | (689,161 | )
Machinery and equipment |  | (3,231,627 | ) |  | - |  |  | (317,694 | ) |  | 59 |  |  | 4,091 |  |  | (53,133 | ) |  | (3,598,304 | )
Automotive fuel/lubricant distribution equipment and facilities |  | (1,766,878 | ) |  | - |  |  | (176,404 | ) |  | (6 | ) |  | 36,335 |  |  | - |  |  | (1,906,953 | )
LPG tanks and bottles |  | (425,554 | ) |  | - |  |  | (56,267 | ) |  | (30 | ) |  | 27,200 |  |  | - |  |  | (454,651 | )
Vehicles |  | (139,045 | ) |  | - |  |  | (24,585 | ) |  | 48 |  |  | 19,997 |  |  | (269 | ) |  | (143,854 | )
Furniture and utensils |  | (171,475 | ) |  | - |  |  | (21,060 | ) |  | 7 |  |  | 2,988 |  |  | (2,173 | ) |  | (191,713) |
IT equipment |  | (318,063 | ) |  | - |  |  | (35,080 | ) |  | 122 |  |  | 2,676 |  |  | (1,911 | ) |  | (352,256 | )
|  | (7,460,856 | ) |  | - |  |  | (777,403 | ) |  | 2,625 |  |  | 119,560 |  |  | (72,215 | ) |  | (8,188,289 | )
Provision for losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Advances to suppliers |  | (110 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (110 | )
Land |  | (146 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (146 | )
Leasehold improvements |  | (1,599 | ) |  | 910 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 639 |  |  | (11 | ) |  | (61 | )
Machinery and equipment |  | (2,875 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 156 |  |  | (138 | ) |  | (2,857 | )
Automotive fuel/lubricant distribution equipment and facilities |  | (98 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 25 |  |  | - |  |  | (73 | )
|  | (4,828 | ) |  | 910 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 820 |  |  | (149 | ) |  | (3,247 | )
Net amount |  | 7,572,762 |  |  | 980,511 |  |  | (777,403 | ) |  | (1,156 | ) |  | (82,920 | ) |  | 314,066 |  |  | 8,005,860 |

(i) Refers to amounts transferred between rubrics and to intangible assets.

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Ultrapar Participações S.A. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

| Weighted average useful life (years) | Balance on 12/31/2018 |  |  | Additions |  |  | Depreciation |  |  | Transfer (i) |  |  | Write-offs and disposals |  |  | Effect of foreign currency exchange rate variation |  |  | Oxiteno Andina (*) |  |  | Balance on 12/30/2019 |
Cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land | - | 620,879 |  |  | 43,420 |  |  | - |  |  | 4,785 |  |  | (2,017 | ) |  | 1,059 |  |  | (261 | ) |  | 667,865 |
Buildings | 32 | 1,801,073 |  |  | 18,117 |  |  | - |  |  | 105,861 |  |  | (4,339 | ) |  | 7,023 |  |  | (1,789 | ) |  | 1,925,946 |
Leasehold improvements | 10 | 1,015,640 |  |  | 19,191 |  |  | - |  |  | 129,234 |  |  | (42,552 | ) |  | 15 |  |  | - |  |  | 1,121,528 |
Machinery and equipment | 13 | 5,219,256 |  |  | 131,831 |  |  | - |  |  | 365,953 |  |  | (4,967 | ) |  | 9,596 |  |  | (13,948 | ) |  | 5,707,721 |
Automotive fuel/lubricant distribution equipment and facilities | 14 | 2,864,333 |  |  | 103,288 |  |  | - |  |  | 81,038 |  |  | (57,187 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 2,991,472 |
LPG tanks and bottles | 10 | 743,016 |  |  | 65,351 |  |  | - |  |  | (6,993 | ) |  | (45,914 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 755,460 |
Vehicles | 7 | 308,756 |  |  | 24,686 |  |  | - |  |  | 7,564 |  |  | (20,353 | ) |  | (394 | ) |  | (98 | ) |  | 320,161 |
Furniture and utensils | 9 | 279,016 |  |  | 15,009 |  |  | - |  |  | 4,399 |  |  | (2,665 | ) |  | 198 |  |  | (353 | ) |  | 295,604 |
Construction in progress | - | 922,799 |  |  | 591,525 |  |  | - |  |  | (695,301 | ) |  | (108 | ) |  | 8,344 |  |  | (173 | ) |  | 827,086 |
Advances to suppliers | - | 14,088 |  |  | 7,378 |  |  | - |  |  | (8,921 | ) |  | - |  |  | (1 | ) |  | - |  |  | 12,544 |
Imports in progress | - | 41 |  |  | 9,513 |  |  | - |  |  | (9,304 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 250 |
IT equipment | 5 | 395,063 |  |  | 21,771 |  |  | - |  |  | 872 |  |  | (5,249 | ) |  | 352 |  |  | - |  |  | 412,809 |
|  | 14,183,960 |  |  | 1,051,080 |  |  | - |  |  | (20,813 | ) |  | (185,351 | ) |  | 26,192 |  |  | (16,622 | ) |  | 15,038,446 |

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

|  | Balance on 12/31/2018 |  |  | Additions |  |  | Depreciation |  |  | Transfer (i) |  |  | Write-offs and disposals |  |  | Effect of foreign currency exchange rate variation |  |  | Oxiteno Andina (*) |  |  | Balance on 12/31/2019 |
Accumulated depreciation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Buildings |  | (743,117 | ) |  | - |  |  | (58,158 | ) |  | 187 |  |  | 4,681 |  |  | 893 |  |  | 1,679 |  |  | (793,835 | )
Leasehold improvements |  | (558,042 | ) |  | - |  |  | (84,664 | ) |  | 2,040 |  |  | 26,291 |  |  | (4 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | (614,379 | )
Machinery and equipment |  | (2,969,209 | ) |  | - |  |  | (298,767 | ) |  | 2,983 |  |  | 3,510 |  |  | 16,340 |  |  | 13,516 |  |  | (3,231,627 | )
Automotive fuel/lubricant distribution equipment and facilities |  | (1,657,608 | ) |  | - |  |  | (159,961 | ) |  | - |  |  | 50,691 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (1,766,878 | )
LPG tanks and bottles |  | (401,056 | ) |  | - |  |  | (57,890 | ) |  | 4,467 |  |  | 28,925 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (425,554 | )
Vehicles |  | (123,650 | ) |  | - |  |  | (27,106 | ) |  | 28 |  |  | 11,274 |  |  | 311 |  |  | 98 |  |  | (139,045 | )
Furniture and utensils |  | (155,339 | ) |  | - |  |  | (18,944 | ) |  | (12 | ) |  | 2,280 |  |  | 204 |  |  | 336 |  |  | (171,475 | )
IT equipment |  | (288,083 | ) |  | - |  |  | (34,782 | ) |  | 50 |  |  | 5,061 |  |  | (309 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | (318,063 | )
Construction in progress |  | (6,896,104 | ) |  | - |  |  | (740,272 | ) |  | 9,743 |  |  | 132,713 |  |  | 17,435 |  |  | 15,629 |  |  | (7,460,856 | )
Provision for losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Advances to suppliers |  | (83 | ) |  | (27 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (110 | )
Buildings |  | (306 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 306 |  |  | - |
Land |  | (827 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 681 |  |  | (146 | )
Leasehold improvements |  | (1,385 | ) |  | (1,528 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 111 |  |  | 1,203 |  |  | - |  |  | (1,599 | )
Machinery and equipment |  | (6,117 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 769 |  |  | 1,138 |  |  | 1,335 |  |  | (2,875 | )
Automotive fuel/lubricant distribution equipment and facilities |  | (165 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 67 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (98 | )
Construction in progress |  | (38 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 38 |  |  | - |
Furniture and utensils |  | (70 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 1 |  |  | - |  |  | 69 |  |  | - |
|  | (8,991 | ) |  | (1,555 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 948 |  |  | 2,341 |  |  | 2,429 |  |  | (4,828 | )
Net amount |  | 7,278,865 |  |  | 1,049,525 |  |  | (740,272 | ) |  | (11,070 | ) |  | (51,690 | ) |  | 45,968 |  |  | 1,436 |  |  | 7,572,762 |

(i) Refers to amounts transferred to intangible assets, inventories and right-of-use assets.

(*) Refers to the asset write-offs of Oxiteno Andina (see Note 3.b.6).

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

| Weighted average useful life (years) | Balance on 12/31/2017 |  |  | Additions |  |  | Depreciation |  |  | Transfer (i) |  |  | Write-offs and disposals |  |  | Effect of foreign currency exchange rate variation |  |  | Balance acquisition TEAS (ii) |  |  | Balance on 12/31/2018 |
Cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land | - | 576,642 |  |  | 3,994 |  |  | ‐ |  |  | 9,261 |  |  | (895 | ) |  | (1,238 | ) |  | 33,115 |  |  | 620,879 |
Buildings | 32 | 1,637,871 |  |  | 7,041 |  |  | ‐ |  |  | 151,937 |  |  | (2,929 | ) |  | (10,914 | ) |  | 18,067 |  |  | 1,801,073 |
Leasehold improvements | 8 | 912,555 |  |  | 11,931 |  |  | ‐ |  |  | 103,371 |  |  | (12,273 | ) |  | 56 |  |  | - |  |  | 1,015,640 |
Machinery and equipment | 13 | 4,721,931 |  |  | 115,171 |  |  | ‐ |  |  | 588,696 |  |  | (4,895 | ) |  | (261,955 | ) |  | 60,308 |  |  | 5,219,256 |
Automotive fuel/lubricant distribution equipment and facilities | 13 | 2,729,522 |  |  | 98,478 |  |  | ‐ |  |  | 98,573 |  |  | (62,240 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 2,864,333 |
LPG tanks and bottles | 8 | 692,856 |  |  | 78,995 |  |  | ‐ |  |  | 2,552 |  |  | (31,387 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 743,016 |
Vehicles | 6 | 287,295 |  |  | 29,141 |  |  | ‐ |  |  | 18,061 |  |  | (23,996 | ) |  | (1,745 | ) |  | - |  |  | 308,756 |
Furniture and utensils | 8 | 265,909 |  |  | 18,417 |  |  | ‐ |  |  | 6,078 |  |  | (863 | ) |  | (10,570 | ) |  | 45 |  |  | 279,016 |
Construction in progress | - | 929,000 |  |  | 796,909 |  |  | ‐ |  |  | (883,994 | ) |  | (578 | ) |  | 81,462 |  |  | - |  |  | 922,799 |
Advances to suppliers | - | 112,167 |  |  | 6,317 |  |  | ‐ |  |  | (100,233 | ) |  | - |  |  | (4,163 | ) |  | - |  |  | 14,088 |
Imports in progress | - | 786 |  |  | 699 |  |  | ‐ |  |  | (1,446 | ) |  | - |  |  | 2 |  |  | - |  |  | 41 |
IT equipment | 5 | 352,986 |  |  | 34,921 |  |  | ‐ |  |  | 7,942 |  |  | (1,953 | ) |  | 1,161 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 395,063 |
|  | 13,219,520 |  |  | 1,202,014 |  |  | ‐ |  |  | 798 |  |  | (142,009 | ) |  | (207,904 | ) |  | 111,541 |  |  | 14,183,960 |

(i) R efers to amounts transferred to intangible assets, inventories and right-of-use assets as from 2019.

(ii) S ee Note 3.c.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

|  | Balance on 12/31/2017 |  |  | Additions |  |  | Depreciation |  |  | Transfer (i) |  |  | Write-offs and disposals |  |  | Effect of foreign currency exchange rate variation |  |  | Balance acquisition TEAS (ii) |  |  | Balance on 12/31/2018 |
Accumulated depreciation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Buildings |  | (724,408 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | (53,462 | ) |  | 10,046 |  |  | 2,608 |  |  | 26,533 |  |  | (4,434 | ) |  | (743,117 | )
Leasehold improvements |  | (475,651 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | (83,208 | ) |  | (4,574 | ) |  | 5,398 |  |  | (7 | ) |  | - |  |  | (558,042 | )
Machinery and equipment |  | (2,980,166 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | (271,867 | ) |  | 1,143 |  |  | 3,449 |  |  | 288,461 |  |  | (10,229 | ) |  | (2,969,209 | )
Automotive fuel/lubricant distribution equipment and facilities |  | (1,545,806 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | (162,815 | ) |  | (7,232 | ) |  | 58,245 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (1,657,608 | )
LPG tanks and bottles |  | (328,384 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | (88,308 | ) |  | (2,347 | ) |  | 17,983 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (401,056 | )
Vehicles |  | (112,200 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | (28,792 | ) |  | 498 |  |  | 15,002 |  |  | 1,842 |  |  | - |  |  | (123,650 | )
Furniture and utensils |  | (148,575 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | (18,482 | ) |  | (292 | ) |  | 513 |  |  | 11,517 |  |  | (20 | ) |  | (155,339 | )
IT equipment |  | (260,859 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | (30,659 | ) |  | 2,702 |  |  | 1,819 |  |  | (1,080 | ) |  | (6 | ) |  | (288,083 | )
|  | (6,576,049 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | (737,593 | ) |  | (56) |  |  | 105,017 |  |  | 327,266 |  |  | (14,689 | ) |  | (6,896,104 | )
Provision for losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Advances to suppliers |  | (83 | ) |  | - |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | ‐ |  |  | (83 | )
Buildings |  | - |  |  | (306 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | ‐ |  |  | (306 | )
Land |  | (104 | ) |  | (723 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | ‐ |  |  | (827 | )
Leasehold improvements |  | (564 | ) |  | (733 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | 2 |  |  | (90 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | (1,385 | )
Machinery and equipment |  | (4,724 | ) |  | (1,532 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | 444 |  |  | (305 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | (6,117 | )
Automotive fuel/lubricant distribution equipment and facilities |  | (169 | ) |  | - |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | 4 |  |  | - |  |  | ‐ |  |  | (165 | )
Construction in progress |  | - |  |  | (38 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (38 | )
Furniture and utensils |  | (1 | ) |  | (69 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | ‐ |  |  | (70 | )
|  | (5,645 | ) |  | (3,401 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | 450 |  |  | (395 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | (8,991 | )
Net amount |  | 6,637,826 |  |  | 1,198,613 |  |  | (737,593 | ) |  | 742 |  |  | (36,542 | ) |  | 118,967 |  |  | 96,852 |  |  | 7,278,865 |

(i) Refers to amounts transferred to intangible assets, inventories and right-of-use assets as from 2019.

(ii) See Note 3.c.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

Construction in progress relates substantially to expansions, renovations, constructions and upgrade of industrial facilities, terminals, stores, service stations and distribution bases.

Advances to suppliers is related, basically, to manufacturing of assets for expansion of plants, terminals, stores, service stations and bases and acquisition of real estate.

The depreciation expenses were recognized in the f inancial statements as shown below:

| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |
Inventories and cost of products and services sold | 429,984 |  | 405,966 |  | 406,002 |
Selling and marketing | 297,172 |  | 285,671 |  | 279,023 |
General and administrative | 50,247 |  | 48,635 |  | 52,568 |
| 777,403 |  | 740,272 |  | 737,593 |

# 15. Intangible a ssets

Balances and changes in intangible assets are as follows:

| Weighted average useful life (years) | Balance on 12/31/2019 |  |  | Additions |  |  | Amortization |  |  | Transfer (i) |  |  | Write-offs and disposals |  |  | Effect of foreign currency exchange rate variation |  |  | Balance on 12/31/2020 |
Cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Goodwill (a) | - | 1,525,088 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 1,525,088 |
Software (b) | 4 | 1,210,529 |  |  | 184,027 |  |  | - |  |  | 993 |  |  | (6,633 | ) |  | 6,130 |  |  | 1,395,046 |
Technology (c) | - | 32,617 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 32,617 |
Commercial property rights | - | 7,934 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (7,934 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |
Distribution rights | 10 | 133,599 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 133,599 |
Brands (d) | - | 122,504 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 14,458 |  |  | 136,962 |
Trademark rights (d) | 39 | 114,792 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 114,792 |
Others (e) | 10 | 44,900 |  |  | 1,040 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 4,758 |  |  | 50,698 |
Decarbonization credits (f) |  | - |  |  | 125,345 |  |  | - |  |  | (1,058 | ) |  | (124,287 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |
|  | 3,191,963 |  |  | 310,412 |  |  | - |  |  | (65 | ) |  | (138,854 | ) |  | 25,346 |  |  | 3,388,802 |
Accumulated amortization: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Software |  | (648,861 | ) |  | - |  |  | (175,144 | ) |  | - |  |  | 3,375 |  |  | (4,394 | ) |  | (825,024 | )
Technology |  | (32,616 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (32,616 | )
Commercial property rights |  | (6,384 | ) |  | - |  |  | (85 | ) |  | - |  |  | 6,469 |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Distribution rights |  | (108,932 | ) |  | - |  |  | (4,394 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (113,326 | )
Trademark rights |  | (6,119 | ) |  | - |  |  | (2,937 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (9,056 | )
Others |  | (32,713 | ) |  | - |  |  | (121 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (11 | ) |  | (32,845 | )
|  | (835,625 | ) |  | - |  |  | (182,681 | ) |  | - |  |  | 9,844 |  |  | (4,405 | ) |  | (1,012,867 | )
Provision for losses and impairment: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Goodwill (a) |  | (593,280 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (593,280 | )
Commercial property rights |  | (465 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 465 |  |  | - |  |  | - |
|  | (593,745 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 465 |  |  | - |  |  | (593,280 | )
Net amount |  | 1,762,593 |  |  | 310,412 |  |  | (182,681 | ) |  | (65 | ) |  | (128,545 | ) |  | 20,941 |  |  | 1,782,655 |

(i) Refers to amounts transferred to PP&E and prepaid expenses.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

| Weighted average useful life (years) | Balance on 12/31/2018 |  |  | Adoption IFRS 16 |  |  | Additions |  |  | Amortization |  |  | Transfer (i) |  |  | Write-offs and disposals |  |  | Effect of foreign currency exchange rate variation |  |  | Oxiteno Andina (*) |  |  | Balance on 12/31/2019 |
Cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Goodwill (a) | - | 1,525,088 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 1,525,088 |
Software (b) | 3 | 1,062,486 |  |  | - |  |  | 145,004 |  |  | - |  |  | 2,553 |  |  | (784 | ) |  | 1,551 |  |  | (281 | ) |  | 1,210,529 |
Technology (c) | 5 | 32,617 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 32,617 |
Commercial property rights | 10 | 64,032 |  |  | (56,114 | ) |  | 3,820 |  |  | - |  |  | (1,401 | ) |  | (2,403 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 7,934 |
Distribution rights | 6 | 142,989 |  |  | - |  |  | 1,505 |  |  | - |  |  | (10,895 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 133,599 |
Brands (d) | - | 120,571 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 1,933 |  |  | - |  |  | 122,504 |
Trademark rights (d) | 35 | 114,792 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 114,792 |
Others (e) | 10 | 43,281 |  |  | - |  |  | 1,668 |  |  | - |  |  | (355 | ) |  | - |  |  | 306 |  |  | - |  |  | 44,900 |
|  | 3,105,856 |  |  | (56,114 | ) |  | 151,997 |  |  | - |  |  | (10,098 | ) |  | (3,187 | ) |  | 3,790 |  |  | (281 | ) |  | 3,191,963 |
Accumulated amortization: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Software |  | (537,438 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (110,088 | ) |  | 13 |  |  | (611 | ) |  | (998 | ) |  | 261 |  |  | (648,861 | )
Technology |  | (32,613 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (3 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (32,616 | )
Commercial property rights |  | (23,931 | ) |  | 16,186 |  |  | - |  |  | (848 | ) |  | (669 | ) |  | 2,878 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (6,384 | )
Distribution rights |  | (106,597 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (6,511 | ) |  | 4,176 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (108,932 | )
Trademark rights |  | (3,182 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (2,937 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (6,119 | )
Others |  | (32,740 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (105 | ) |  | 136 |  |  | - |  |  | (4 | ) |  | - |  |  | (32,713 | )
|  | (736,501 | ) |  | 16,186 |  |  | - |  |  | (120,492 | ) |  | 3,656 |  |  | 2,267 |  |  | (1,002 | ) |  | 261 |  |  | (835,625 | )
Provision for losses and impairment: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Goodwill (a) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (593,280 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (593,280 | )
Commercial property rights |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (465 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (465 | )
|  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (593,745 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (593,745 | )
Net amount |  | 2,369,355 |  |  | (39,928 | ) |  | (441,748 | ) |  | (120,492 | ) |  | (6,442 | ) |  | (920 | ) |  | 2,788 |  |  | (20 | ) |  | 1,762,593 |

(i) Refers to amounts transferred to PP&E and right-of-use assets.

(*) Refers to the asset write-offs of Oxiteno Andina (s ee Note 3.b.6).

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

| Weighted average useful life (years) | Balance on 12/31/2017 |  |  | Additions |  |  | Amortization |  |  | Transfer (i) |  |  | Write-offs and disposals |  |  | Effect of foreign currency exchange rate variation |  |  | Balance acquisition TEAS (ii) |  |  | Balance on 12/31/2018 |
Cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Goodwill (a) | - | 1,524,291 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 797 |  |  | 1,525,088 |
Software (b) | 5 | 853,079 |  |  | 223,964 |  |  | - |  |  | (1,258 | ) |  | (15,401 | ) |  | 2,053 |  |  | 49 |  |  | 1,062,486 |
Technology (c) | 5 | 32,617 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 32,617 |
Commercial property rights (d) | 10 | 55,069 |  |  | 11,117 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (2,154 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 64,032 |
Distribution rights | 8 | 142,669 |  |  | 690 |  |  | - |  |  | (350 | ) |  | - |  |  | (20 | ) |  | - |  |  | 142,989 |
Brands (e) | - | 113,543 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 7,028 |  |  | - |  |  | 120,571 |
Trademark rights (e) | 39 | 114,792 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 114,792 |
Others (f) | 10 | 40,514 |  |  | 1,822 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 945 |  |  | - |  |  | 43,281 |
|  | 2,876,574 |  |  | 237,593 |  |  | ‐ |  |  | (1,608 | ) |  | (17,555 | ) |  | 10,006 |  |  | 846 |  |  | 3,105,856 |
Accumulated amortization: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Software |  | (456,799 | ) |  | - |  |  | (79,845 | ) |  | 59 |  |  | 28 |  |  | (832 | ) |  | (49 | ) |  | (537,438 | )
Technology |  | (32,541 | ) |  | - |  |  | (72 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (32,613 | )
Commercial property rights |  | (21,292 | ) |  | - |  |  | (4,679 | ) |  | - |  |  | 2,040 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (23,931 | )
Distribution rights |  | (96,704 | ) |  | - |  |  | (10,018 | ) |  | 125 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (106,597 | )
Trademark rights |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (3,182 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (3,182 | )
Others |  | (31,196 | ) |  | - |  |  | (1,538 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | (6 | ) |  | - |  |  | (32,740 | )
|  | (638,532 | ) |  | ‐ |  |  | (99,334 | ) |  | 184 |  |  | 2,068 |  |  | (838 | ) |  | (49 | ) |  | (736,501 | )
Net amount |  | 2,238,042 |  |  | 237,593 |  |  | (99,334 | ) |  | (1,424 | ) |  | (15,487 | ) |  | 9,168 |  |  | 797 |  |  | 2,369,355 |

(i) Refers to amounts transferred to PP&E.

(ii) See Note 3.c.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

The amortization expenses were recognized in the financial statements as shown below:

| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Inventories and cost of products and services sold | 9,575 |  | 11,183 |  | 15,044
Selling and marketing | 7,825 |  | 3,872 |  | 8,920
General and administrative | 165,281 |  | 105,437 |  | 75,370
| 182,681 |  | 120,492 |  | 99,334

a. Goodwill

The balance of the goodwill is tested annually for impairment and is represented by the following acquisitions:

| Segment | 12/31/2020 |  |  | 12/31/2019 |
Goodwill on the acquisition of: |  |  |  |  |  |
Extrafarma | Extrafarma | 661,553 |  |  | 661,553 |
Extrafarma – impairment | Extrafarma | (593,280 | ) |  | (593,280 | )
Extrafarma – net | Extrafarma | 68,273 |  |  | 68,273 |
Ipiranga (1) | Ipiranga | 276,724 |  |  | 276,724 |
União Terminais | Ultracargo | 211,089 |  |  | 211,089 |
Texaco | Ipiranga | 177,759 |  |  | 177,759 |
Iconic (CBLSA) | Ipiranga | 69,807 |  |  | 69,807 |
Oxiteno Uruguay | Oxiteno | 44,856 |  |  | 44,856 |
Temmar | Ultracargo | 43,781 |  |  | 43,781 |
DNP | Ipiranga | 24,736 |  |  | 24,736 |
Repsol | Ultragaz | 13,403 |  |  | 13,403 |
TEAS | Ultracargo | 797 |  |  | 797 |
Others | Oxiteno | 583 |  |  | 583 |
|  | 931,808 |  |  | 931,808 |

(1) Including R$ 246,163 at Ultrapar.

On December 31, 20 20, the Company tested the balances of goodwill shown in the table above for impairment. The determination of value in use involves assumptions, judgments, and estimates of cash flows, such as growth rates of revenues, costs and expenses, estimates of investments and working capital, and discount rates. The assumptions about growth projections and future cash flows are based on the Company’s business plan of its operating segments, as well as comparable market data, and represent management’s best estimate of the economic conditions that will exist over the economic life of the various CGUs, to which goodwill is related. The main key-assumptions used by the Company to calculate the value in use are described below:

Period of evaluation: t he evaluation of the value in use is calculated for a period of five years (exce p t the Extrafarma segment), after which the Company calculate d the perpetuity, considering the possibility of carrying the business on indefinitely. For the Extrafarma segment, a period of ten years was used due to a four-year period to maturity of new stores were considered.

Discount and real growth rates: o n December 31, 20 20, t he discount and real growth rates used to extrapolate the projections ranged from 8.5% to 11.0% and from 0% to 1% p.a., respectively, depending on the CGU analyzed.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

Revenue from sales and services, costs and expenses, and gross margin considers the budget prepared for 202 1 and the long-term strategic plan prepared by management and approved by the Board of Directors.

The goodwill impairment tests, and net assets of the Company and its subsidiaries did not result in the recognition of impairment. In the year ended December 31, 2019 recorded an impairment provision in the amount of R$ 593,280 for subsidiary Extrafarma (see Note 2.u).

The Company assessed a sensitivity analysis of discount and growth rate of perpetuity, due to their significant impact on cash flows and value in use. An increase of 0.5 percentage points in the discount rate or a decrease of 0.5 percentage points in the growth rate of the perpetuity of the cash flow of each business segment would not result in the recognition of impairment.

b. Software

I ncludes user licenses and costs for the implementation of the various systems used by the Company and its subsidiaries: integrated management and control, financial management, foreign trade, industrial automation, operational and storage management, accounting information, and other systems. Also include expenses related to software in progress in the amount of R$ 35,718 on December 3 1, 2020 and R$ 56,472 on December 31, 2019.

c. Technology

The subsidiaries Oxiteno S.A. and Oleoquímica recognize as technology certain rights of use held by them. Such licenses include the production of ethylene oxide, ethylene glycols, ethanolamines, glycol ethers, ethoxylates, solvents, fatty acids from vegetable oils, fatty alcohols, and specialty chemicals, which are products that are supplied to various industries.

d. Brands and t rademark rights

Brands are represented by the acquisition cost of the ‘am/pm’ brand in Brazil and of the Extrafarma brand, acquired in the business combination, and Chevron and Texaco trademark rights.

e. Other intangible s

R efer s mainly to the loyalty program “Clube Extrafarma”.

f. Decarboni z ation credits

The decarbonization credits (“CBIO”) acquired are recorded at acquisition cost and are retired in the year to fulfillment the individual target set by the National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (“ANP”).

1

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

# 16. Loans, f inancing, d ebentures and h edge d erivative f inancial i nstruments

a. Composition

Description | 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019 |  | Index/ Currency | Weighted average financial charges 12/31/2020 – % p.a. | Maturity
Foreign currency – denominated loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Notes in the foreign market (b) (*) | 7,267,687 |  | 4,213,662 |  | US$ | 5.3 | 2026 to 2029
Foreign loan (c.1) (*) | 1,047,644 |  | 1,057,407 |  | US$ | 3.9 | 2021 to 2023
Financial institutions (e) | 312,200 |  | 604,741 |  | US$ + LIBOR (1) | 1.4 | 2021
Foreign loan (c.1) (*) | 261,284 |  | 608,685 |  | US$ + LIBOR (1) | 1.0 | 2022
Financial institutions (e) | 154,783 |  | 132,417 |  | US$ | 2.5 | 2020 to 2022
Advances on foreign exchange contracts | 105,579 |  | - |  | US$ | 3.7 | 2021
Financial institutions (e) | 39,350 |  | 41,164 |  | MX$ (2) | 8.4 | 2021
Foreign loan (c.2) | - |  | 243,837 |  | US$ + LIBOR (1) | - | 2020
BNDES (d) | - |  | 208 |  | US$ | - | 2020
Total foreign currency | 9,188,527 |  | 6,902,121 |  |  |  |
Brazilian Reais – denominated loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debentures – CRA (g.2, g.4 and g.6) | 2,037,602 |  | 2,036,647 |  | DI | 95.8 | 2022 to 2023
Debentures - 6ª issuance (g.5) | 1,734,113 |  | 1,752,080 |  | DI | 105.3 | 2023
Debentures – Ipiranga (g.1 and g.3) | 1,679,036 |  | 1,868,612 |  | DI | 105.0 | 2021 to 2022
Notes - Ultrapar (h.1) | 1,038,499 |  | - |  | R$ + DI | 3.1 | 2021
Debentures – CRA (g.2, g.4 and g.6) (*) | 1,000,824 |  | 941,614 |  | IPCA | 4.6 | 2024 to 2025
Banco do Brasil (f) | 407,420 |  | 611,276 |  | DI | 110.9 | 2021 to 2022
Bank Credit Bill | 50,692 |  | - |  | R$ + DI | 3.5 | 2021
Debentures – Tequimar (g.7) | 92,541 |  | 89,278 |  | R$ | 6.5 | 2024
FINEP | 29,803 |  | 41,345 |  | TJLP (3) | 1.6 | 2020 to 2023
BNDES (d) | - |  | 62,578 |  | TJLP (3) | - | 2021
Banco do Nordeste do Brasil | - |  | 10,039 |  | R$ (4) | - | 2021
FINEP | - |  | 12,820 |  | R$ | - | 2020 to 2021
BNDES (d) | - |  | 30,392 |  | SELIC (5) | - | 2020
BNDES (d) | - |  | 3,913 |  | R$ | - | 2020 to 2022
FINAME | - |  | 22 |  | TJLP (3) | - | 2020 to 2022
Total in Brazilian Reais | 8,070,530 |  | 7,460,616 |  |  |  |
Total foreign currency and Brazilian Reais | 17,259,057 |  | 14,362,737 |  |  |  |
Currency and interest rate hedging instruments (**) | 117,159 |  | 29,985 |  |  |  |
Total | 17,376,216 |  | 14,392,722 |  |  |  |
Current | 3,255,944 |  | 1,117,441 |  |  |  |
Non-current | 14,120,272 |  | 13,275,281 |  |  |  |

(*) These transactions were designated for hedge accounting (see Note 3 3.h).

(**) Accumulated losses (see Note 3 3.i).

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

(1) LIBOR = London Interbank Offered Rate.

(2) MX$ = Mexican Peso; TIIE = the Mexican interbank balance interest rate.

(3) TJLP (Long-term Interest Rate) = set by the National Monetary Council, TJLP is the basic financing cost of Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (“BNDES”), the Brazilian Development Bank. On December 3 1, 2020, TJLP was fixed at 4.55% p.a.

(4) Contract linked to the rate of FNE (Northeast Constitutional Financing Fund) fund whose purpose is to promote the development of the industrial sector, managed by Banco do Nordeste do Brasil. On December 3 1, 2020, the FNE interest rate was 10% p.a. FNE grants a discount of 15% on the interest rate for timely payments.

(5) SELIC = basic interest rate set by the Brazilian Central Bank.

The changes in loans and debentures are shown below:

Balance as of December 31, 2018 | 15,116,139 |
New loans and debentures with cash effect | 2,105,737 |
Interest accrued | 845,844 |
Principal payment | (2,644,704 | )
Interest payment | (1,469,780 | )
Monetary and exchange rate variation | 296,441 |
Change in fair value | 113,060 |
Balance as of December 31, 2019 | 14,362,737 |
New loans and debentures with cash effect | 3,591,624 |
Interest accrued | 757,161 |
Principal payment | (2,795,002 | )
Interest payment | (740,853 | )
Monetary and exchange rate variation | 2,048,688 |
Change in fair value | 34,702 |
Balance as of December 31, 2020 | 17,259,057 |

The long-term debt had the following principal maturity schedule:

| 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
From 1 to 2 years | 2,702,626 |  | 1,424,775
From 2 to 3 years | 3,091,641 |  | 3,115,495
From 3 to 4 years | 784,778 |  | 3,451,988
From 4 to 5 years | 231,271 |  | 765,263
More than 5 years | 7,309,956 |  | 4,517,760
| 14,120,272 |  | 13,275,281

T he transaction costs and issuance premiums associated with debt issuance were added to their financial liabilities, as shown in Note 1 6.i.

The Company’s management entered into hedging instruments against foreign exchange and interest rate variations for a portion of its debt obligations (see Note 3 3.h).

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

b. Notes in the f oreign m arket

On October 6, 2016, the subsidiary Ultrapar Internat ional S.A. (“Ultrapar International”) issued US$ 750,000 (equivalent to R$ 3,897,525 as of December 3 1, 20 20) in notes in the foreign market, maturing in October 2026, with interest rate o f 5.25% p.a., paid semiannually. The issue price was 98.097% of the face value of the note. The notes were guaranteed by the Company and its subsidiary IPP. The Company has designated hedge relationships for this transaction (see N ote 3 3.h.3).

On June 6, 2019, the subsidiary Ultrapar International issued US$ 500,000 (equivalent to R$ 2,598,350 a s of December 3 1, 20 20) in notes in the foreign market, maturing in June 2029, with interest rate of 5.25% p. a., paid semiannually. The issue price was 100% of the face value of the note. The notes were guaranteed by the Company and its subsidiary IPP. The Company has designated hedge relationships for part of this transaction (see Note 3 3.h.3).

On June 21, 2019, the subsidiary Ultrapar International repurchased US$ 200,000 (equivalent to R$ 1,039,340 as of December 3 1, 20 20) in notes in the foreign market maturing in October 2026.

On July 13, 2020, the subsidiary Ultrapar Interna t ional made the reopening of notes in the foreign market issued in 2019, in the amount of US$ 350,000 (equivalent to R$ 1,818,845 as of December 31, 2020) maturing in June 2029, to the coupon (interest) and yield of 5.25% per year, paid semiannually. The issue price was 99.994% of face value of the note. The notes were guaranteed by the Company and the subsidiary IPP.

As a result of the issuance of the notes in the foreign market, the Company and its subsidiaries are required to perform certain obligations, including:

- Restriction on sale of all or substantially all assets of the Company and subsidiaries Ultrapar International and IPP.

- Restriction o n encumbrance of assets exceeding US$ 150,000 (equivalent to R$ 779,505 as of December 3 1, 20 20) or 15% of the amount of the consolidated tangible assets.

The Company and its subsidiaries are in compliance with the levels of covenants required by this debt. The restrictions imposed on the Company and its subsidiaries are customary in transactions of this nature and have not limited their ability to conduct their business to date.

c. Foreign l oans

c.1. T he subsidiary IPP has foreign loan s in the amount of US$ 235,000 (equivalent to R$ 1,221,225 as of December 3 1, 20 20). IPP also contracted hedging instruments with floating interest rate in U.S. dollar and exchange rate variation, changing the foreign loan s charge s, on average, to 104.1% of DI. IPP designated th ese hedging instrument s as a fair value hedge (see Note 3 3.h.1). T herefore, loan s and hedging instrument s are both measured at fair value from inception, with changes in fair value recognized through profit or loss. The foreign loan s are secured by the Company.

The foreign loans ha ve the maturity distributed as follows:

Maturity | US$ (thousands) |  | R$ (thousands) |  | Cost in % of DI
Charges (1) | 16,877 |  | 87,703 |  | -
Jul/2021 | 60,000 |  | 311,802 |  | 101.8
Jun/2022 | 50,000 |  | 259,835 |  | 105.0
Sep/2023 | 60,000 |  | 311,802 |  | 105.0
Sep/2023 | 65,000 |  | 337,786 |  | 104.8
Total / average cost | 251,877 |  | 1,308,928 |  | 104.1

(1) Includes interest, transaction costs and fair value adjustments.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

The subsidiary IPP paid off in advance of such financing in the amount of US$ 160,000 in 2020. From the 2020, the subsidiary IPP does not have contracts of foreign loans with covenants.

c.2 The subsidiary Global Petroleum Products Trading Corporation (“GPPTC”) contracted a foreign loan in the amount of US$ 60,000 with maturity on June 22, 2020 and interest of LIBOR + 2.0% p.a., paid quarterly. The Company, through the subsidiary Cia. Ultragaz, contracted hedging instruments subject to floating interest rate s in dollar and exchange rate variation, changing the foreign loan charge to 105.9% of DI. The foreign loan is guaranteed by the Company and its subsidiary Oxiteno S.A. The foreign loan w as settled by sudsidiary GPPTC on the maturity date.

d. BNDES

The subsidiaries ha d financing from BNDES for some of their investments and for working capital.

The subsidiaries paid such loans off in advance in the amount of R$ 39,843 on December 2020.

e. Financial i nstitutions

The subsidiaries Oxiteno Mexico S.A. de C.V., Oxiteno USA LLC (“Oxiteno USA”) and Oxiteno Uruguay have loans for investments and working capital.

The subsidiary Oxiteno USA has loan s with bearing interest of LIBOR + 1.4% and maturity as shown below:

Maturity | US$ (thousands) |  | R$ (thousands)
Charges (1) | 3 |  | 15
Mar/2021 | 60,000 |  | 312,185
Total | 60,003 |  | 312,200

(1) Includes interest.

The proceeds of this loan were used in the working capital and to fund the construction of a new alkoxylation plant in the state of Texas.

The subsidiary Oxiteno USA paid off in advance of such financing in the amount of US$ 70,000 in 2020. As from the third quarter of 2020, t he subsidiary Oxiteno USA does not have the need to maintain the levels of covenants required by these loans.

f. Banco do Brasil

The subsidiary IPP has floating interest rate loans with Banco do Brasil to marketing, processing, or manufacturing of agricultural goods (ethanol).

These loans mature, as follows (includes accrued interest through December 3 1, 20 20):

Maturity |  | 12/31/2020
May/2021 |  | 204,328
May/2022 |  | 203,092
Total |  | 407,420

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

g. Debentures

g.1. In May 2016, the subsidiary IPP made its fourth issuance of public debentures, in one single series of 500 simple, nominative, registered debentures, nonconvertible into shares and unsecured, which main characteristics are as follows:

Face value unit: | R$ 1,000,000.00
Final maturity: | May 25, 2021
Payment of the face value: | Annual as from May 2019
Interest: | 105.0% of DI
Payment of interest: | Semiannually
Reprice: | Not applicable

g.2. In April 2017, the subsidiary IPP carried out its fifth issuance of debentures, in two series, being one of 660,139 and another of 352,361, simple, nonconvertible into shares, nominative, book-entry and unsecured debentures. The debentures have been subscribed by Eco Consult – Consultoria de Operações Financeiras Agropecuárias Ltda. T he proceeds from this issuance were used exclusively for the purchase of ethanol by subsidiary IPP.

The debentures were later assigned and transferred to Eco Securitizadora de Direitos Creditórios do Agronegócio S.A. that acquired these agribusiness credit rights with the purpose to bind the issuance of Certificates of Agribusiness Receivables (CRA). The debentures have an additional guarantee from Ultrapar and the main characteristics of the debentures are as follows:

Amount: | 660,139
Face value unit: | R$ 1,000.00
Final maturity: | April 18, 2022
Payment of the face value: | Lump sum at final maturity
Interest: | 95.0% of DI
Payment of interest: | Semiannually
Reprice: | Not applicable

Amount: | 352,361
Face value unit: | R$ 1,000.00
Final maturity: | April 15, 2024
Payment of the face value: | Lump sum at final maturity
Interest: | IPCA + 4.68%
Payment of interest: | Annually
Reprice: | Not applicable

The subsidiary IPP contracted hedging instruments subjected to IPCA variation, changing the debentures charge s linked to IPCA to 93.9% of DI. IPP designated these hedging instruments as fair value hedge s; therefore, debentures and hedging instruments are both measured at fair value from inception, with changes in fair value recognized through profit or loss.

g.3. In July 2017, the subsidiary IPP made its sixth issuance of public debentures, in one single series of 1,500,000 simple, nonconvertible into shares and unsecured debentures, which main characteristics are as follows:

Face value unit: | R$ 1,000.00
Final maturity: | July 28, 2022
Payment of the face value: | Annual as from July 2021
Interest: | 105.0% of DI
Payment of interest: | Annually
Reprice: | Not applicable

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

g.4. In October 2017, the subsidiary IPP carried out its seventh issuance of debentures in the amount of R$ 944,077, in two series, being on of 730,384 and another of 213,693, simple, nonconvertible into shares, nominative, book-entry and unsecured debentures. The debentures have been subscribed by Vert Companhia Securitizadora. T he proceeds from this issuance were used exclusively for the purchase of ethanol by subsidiary IPP.

The debentures were later assigned and transferred to Vert Créditos Ltda., that acquired these agribusiness credit rights with the purpose to bind the issuance of Certificates of Agribusiness Receivables (CRA). The financial settlement occurred on November 1, 2017. T he debentures have an additional guarantee from Ultrapar and the main characteristics of the debentures are as follows:

Amount: | 730,384
Face value unit: | R$ 1,000.00
Final maturity: | October 24, 2022
Payment of the face value: | Lump sum at final maturity
Interest: | 95.0% of DI
Payment of interest: | Semiannually
Reprice: | Not applicable

Amount: | 213,693
Face value unit: | R$ 1,000.00
Final maturity: | October 24, 2024
Payment of the face value: | Lump sum at final maturity
Interest: | IPCA + 4.34%
Payment of interest: | Annually
Reprice: | Not applicable

The subsidiary IPP contracted hedging instruments subjected to IPCA variation, changing the debentures charges linked to IPCA to 97.3% of DI. IPP designated these hedging instruments as fair value hedges; therefore, debentures and hedging instruments are both measured at fair value from inception, with changes in fair value recognized through profit or loss.

g.5. In March 2018, the Company made its sixth issuance of public debentures, in a single series of 1,725,000 simple, nonconvertible into shares and unsecured debentures, which main characteristics are as follows:

Face value unit: | R$ 1,000.00
Final maturity: | March 5, 2023
Payment of the face value: | Lump sum at final maturity
Interest: | 105.25% of DI
Payment of interest: | Semiannually
Reprice: | Not applicable

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

g.6. In December 2018, the subsidiary IPP carried out its eighth issuance of debentures in the amount of R$ 900,000, in two series, being one of 660,000 and another of 240,000, simple, nonconvertible into shares, nominative, book-entry and unsecured debentures. The debentures have been subscribed by Vert Companhia Securitizadora. The proceeds from this issuance were used exclusively for the purchase of ethanol by subsidiary IPP. The debentures were subscribed with the purpose to bind the issuance of CRA. T he financial settlement occurred on December 21, 2018. T he debentures have an additional guarantee from Ultrapar and the main characteristics of the debentures are as follows:

Amount: | 660,000
Face value unit: | R$ 1,000.00
Final maturity: | December 18, 2023
Payment of the face value: | Lump sum at final maturity
Interest: | 97.5% of DI
Payment of interest: | Semiannually
Reprice: | Not applicable

Amount: | 240,000
Face value unit: | R$ 1,000.00
Final maturity: | December 15, 2025
Payment of the face value: | Lump sum at final maturity
Interest: | IPCA + 4.61%
Payment of interest: | Annually
Reprice: | Not applicable

The subsidiary IPP contracted hedging instruments subjected to IPCA variation, changing the debentures charges linked to IPCA to 97.1% of DI. IPP designated these hedging instruments as fair value hedges; therefore, debentures and hedging instruments are both measured at fair value from inception, with changes in fair value recognized through profit or loss.

g.7. In November 2019, the subsidiary Tequimar made its first issuance of debentures, in a single series of 90,000 simple, nonconvertible into shares and unsecured debentures, which main characteristics are as follows:

Face value unit: | R$ 1,000.00
Final maturity: | November 19, 2024
Payment of the face value: | Lump sum at final maturity
Interest: | 6.47%
Payment of interest: | Semiannually
Reprice: | Not applicable

The subsidiary Tequimar contracted hedging instruments subjected interest rate variation, changing the debentures fixed for 99.94% of the DI. Tequimar designated these hedging instruments as fair value hedges; therefore, debentures and hedging instruments are both measured at fair value from inception, with changes in fair value recognized in profit or loss.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

The debentures have maturity dates distributed as shown below (includes accrued interest through December 3 1, 20 20).

Maturity |  | 12/31/2020
Charges (1) |  | 205,533
May/2021 |  | 166,670
Jul/2021 |  | 750,000
Apr/2022 |  | 660,139
Jul/2022 |  | 750,000
Oct/2022 |  | 730,384
Mar/2023 |  | 1,725,336
Dec/2023 |  | 660,000
Apr/2024 |  | 352,361
Oct/2024 |  | 213,693
Nov/2024 |  | 90,000
Dec/2025 |  | 240,000
Total |  | 6,544,116

(1) Includes interest, transaction cost and mark to market.

h. Notes

h.1 In April 2020, the Company made its second public issuance of notes in a single series of 40 commercial notes, not convertible into shares, of unsecured type, whose main characteristics are:

Face value unit: | R$ 25,000,000.00
Final maturity: | April 6, 2021
Payment of the face value: | Lump sum at final maturity
Interest: | DI + 3.10%
Payment of interest: | Lump sum at final maturity
Reprice: | Not applicable

h.2 In April 2020, the subsidiary IPP made its first public issuance of notes in a single series of 15 commercial notes, not convertible into shares, of unsecured type, whose main characteristics are:

Face value unit: | R$ 20,000,000.00
Final maturity: | April 3, 2021
Payment of the face value: | Lump sum at final maturity
Interest: | DI + 2.00%
Payment of interest: | Lump sum at final maturity
Reprice: | Not applicable

The subsidiary IPP paid off in advance the notes in November 2020.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

i. Transaction c osts

Transaction costs incurred in issuing debt were deducted from the value of the related financial instrument s and are recognized as an expense according to the effective interest rate method, as follows:

| Effective rate of transaction costs (% p.a.) |  | Balance on 12/31/2019 |  | Incurred cost |  | Amortization |  | Balance on 12/31/2020
Debentures (g) | 0.2 |  | 41,406 |  | - |  | (13,058) |  | 28,348
Notes in the foreign market (b) | 0.1 |  | 28,114 |  | 13,263 |  | (4,265) |  | 37,112
Notes (h) | 0.5 |  | - |  | 6,802 |  | (5,484) |  | 1,318
Banco do Brasil (f) | 0.1 |  | 770 |  | - |  | (438) |  | 332
Foreign loans (c) | - |  | 94 |  | - |  | (94) |  | -
Others | - |  | 1,382 |  | - |  | (1,382) |  | -
Total |  |  | 71,766 |  | 20,065 |  | (24,721) |  | 67,110

| Effective rate of transaction costs (% p.a.) |  | Balance on 12/31/2018 |  | Incurred cost |  | Amortization |  | Balance on 12/31/2019
Debentures (g) | 0.2 |  | 56,376 |  | 692 |  | (15,662) |  | 41,406
Notes in the foreign market (b) | 0.1 |  | 13,881 |  | 18,442 |  | (4,209) |  | 28,114
Banco do Brasil (f) | 0.2 |  | 3,437 |  | - |  | (2,667) |  | 770
Foreign loans (c) | - |  | 331 |  | - |  | (237) |  | 94
Others | 0.2 |  | 2,432 |  | - |  | (1,050) |  | 1,382
Total |  |  | 76,457 |  | 19,134 |  | (23,825) |  | 71,766

| Effective rate of transaction costs (% p.a.) |  | Balance on 12/31/2017 |  | Incurred cost |  | Amortization |  | Balance on 12/31/2018
Debentures (g) | 0.2 |  | 44,709 |  | 21,308 |  | (9,641) |  | 56,376
Notes in the foreign market (b) | ‐ |  | 15,298 |  | - |  | (1,417) |  | 13,881
Banco do Brasil (f) | 0.2 |  | 8,065 |  | - |  | (4,628) |  | 3,437
Foreign loans (c) | 0.1 |  | 1,213 |  | - |  | (882) |  | 331
Other | 0.2 |  | 2,801 |  | 366 |  | (735) |  | 2,432
Total |  |  | 72,086 |  | 21,674 |  | (17,303) |  | 76,457

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

The amount to be appropriated to profit or loss in the future is as follows:

| Up to 1 year |  | 1 to 2 years |  | 2 to 3 years |  | 3 to 4 years |  | 4 to 5 years |  | More than 5 years |  | Total
Debentures (g) | 12,403 |  | 9,274 |  | 5,318 |  | 1,139 |  | 214 |  | - |  | 28,348
Notes in the foreign market (b) | 4,890 |  | 4,893 |  | 4,896 |  | 4,913 |  | 4,903 |  | 12,617 |  | 37,112
Notes (h) | 1,318 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 1,318
Banco do Brasil (f) | 257 |  | 75 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 332
Total | 18,868 |  | 14,242 |  | 10,214 |  | 6,052 |  | 5,117 |  | 12,617 |  | 67,110

j. Guarantees

The financings are guaranteed by collateral in the amount of R$ 75,251 as of December 3 1, 20 20 (R$ 73,536 as of December 31, 201 9) and by guarantees and promissory notes in the amount of R$ 13,758,033 as of December 3 1, 20 20 (R$ 11,833,294 as of December 31, 201 9).

T he Company and its subsidiaries offer collateral in the form of letters of credit for commercial and legal proceedings in the amount of R$ 129,139 as of December 3 1, 20 20 (R$ 293,509 as of December 31, 201 9).

Some subsidiaries of Company issue collateral to financial institutions in connection with the amounts owed by some of their customers to such institutions (vendor financing) as follows:

| IPP |  | Oxiteno
| 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019 |  | 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
Maximum amount of future payments related to these collaterals | 330,944 |  | 81,344 |  | - |  | 2,753
Maturities of up to | 46 months |  | 60 months |  | - |  | 4 months
Fair value of collaterals | 5,496 |  | 1,237 |  | - |  | 68

If a subsidiary is required to make any payment under these collaterals, this subsidiary may recover the amount paid directly from its customers through commercial collection. Until December 3 1, 20 20, the subsidiaries did not have losses in connection with these collaterals. The fair value of collaterals is recognized in current liabilities as “other payables”, which is recognized in the statement of profit or loss as customers settle their obligations with the financial institutions.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

# 17. Trade p ayables

| 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
Domestic suppliers | 2,306,398 |  | 1,800,348
Domestic suppliers – related parties (see Note 8.a) | 5,102 |  | 96,908
Domestic suppliers – reverse factoring (i) | 1,021,424 |  | 262,870
Domestic suppliers – reverse factoring (i) - related parties (see Note 8.a) | 61,989 |  | 193,080
Foreign suppliers | 307,486 |  | 237,618
Foreign suppliers - related parties (see Note 8.a) | 126,033 |  | 23,604
Foreign suppliers – reverse factoring (i) | 212,220 |  | 85,643
| 4,040,652 |  | 2,700,071

(i) Suppliers – reverse factoring: s ome subsidiaries of the Company entered into an agreement s with a financial institution s. These agreements consist in the anticipation of the receipt of trade payables by the supplier, in which the financial institution s prepay a certain amount fr om the supplier, and receives on the maturity date the amount payable by the subsidiaries of the Company. The decision to join this type of transaction is solely and exclusively of the supplier. The agreement does not substantially change the main characteristics of the commercial conditions previously established between the subsidiaries of the Company and the supplier s. These transactions are presented in operating activities in the statements of cash flow.

Some Company’s subsidiaries acquire oil-based fuels and LPG from Petrobras and its subsidiaries and ethylene from Braskem S.A. These suppliers control almost all the markets for these products in Brazil.

# 18. Salaries and r elated c harges

| 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
Provisions on salaries | 195,286 |  | 184,716
Profit sharing, bonus and premium | 184,306 |  | 133,533
Social charges | 73,267 |  | 70,228
Others | 15,771 |  | 17,159
| 468,630 |  | 405,636

#

# 19. Taxes p ayable

| 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
ICMS | 180,522 |  | 149,547
PIS and COFINS | 13,187 |  | 40,676
ISS | 38,328 |  | 26,986
Value-added tax (IVA) of foreign subsidiaries | 27,322 |  | 25,619
Others | 26,655 |  | 27,094
| 286,014 |  | 269,922

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

# 20. Employee b enefits and p rivate p ension p lan

a. ULTRAPREV - A ssociaçăo de P revidência C omplementar

In February 2001, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the adoption of a defined contribution pension plan to be sponsored by the Company and each of its subsidiaries. Participating employees have been contributing to this plan, managed by Ultraprev - Associaç ã o de Previdência Complementar (“Ultraprev”), since August 2001. Under the terms of the plan, every year each participating employee chooses his or her basic contribution to the plan. Each sponsoring company provides a matching contribution in an amount equivalent to each basic contribution, up to a limit of 11% of the employee’s reference salary, according to the rules of the plan. As participating employees retire, they may choose to receive either (i) a monthly sum ranging between 0.3% and 1.0% of their respective accumulated fund in Ultraprev or (ii) a fixed monthly amount, which will exhaust their respective accumulated fund over a period of 5 to 35 years. The sponsoring company does not take responsibility for guarantee ing amounts or the duration of the benefits received by the retired employee.

In May 2020, the Deliberative Council of Ultraprev approved the use of the reversion fund in the amount of R$ 47,088, which R$ 11,020 used to deduct the sponsors’ normal contributions. The balance of R$ 36,068 on December 3 1, 2020 will be used to deduct normal sponsor contributions in an average period between 10 and 70 months depending on the sponsor.

In 2020, the subsidiaries contributed to Ultraprev with R$ 20,505, including the use of the reversion fund of R$ 11,020 (in 2019 the subsidiaries contributed to Ultraprev with R$ 21,357 and R$ 24,323 in 2018), which is recognized as expense in the income statement. The total number of participating employees as of December 3 1, 2020 was 7,290 active participants and 361 retired participants. In addition, Ultraprev had 23 former employees receiving benefits under the rules of a previous plan whose reserves are fully constituted.

b. Post-employment b enefits

The subsidiaries recognized a provision for post-employment benefits mainly related to seniority bonus, payment of G overnment Severance Indemnity Fund (“FGTS”), and health, dental care, and life insurance plan for eligible retirees.

The amounts related to such benefits were determined based on a valuation conducted by an independent actuary and reviewed by management as of December 3 1, 20 20.

| 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
Health and dental care plan(1) | 200,318 |  | 154,142
Indemnification of FGTS | 53,952 |  | 66,309
Seniority bonus(2) | 16,336 |  | 34,485
Life insurance(1) | 14,118 |  | 17,931
Total | 284,724 |  | 272,867
Current | 27,077 |  | 28,951
Non-current | 257,647 |  | 243,916

(1) Only IPP, Tropical and Iconic.

(2) In September 2020, there was a change in the bonus policy to retirement with reduced benefit.

The change in the present value of the post-employment benefit obligation occurred as follows:

| 12/31/2020 |  |  | 12/31/2019 |
Opening balance | 272,867 |  |  | 249,815 |
Current service cost | (13,568 | ) |  | (10,704 | )
Interest cost | 18,779 |  |  | 21,386 |
Expense for the year | 5,211 |  |  | 10,682 |
Losses from changes in actuarial assumptions | 24,822 |  |  | 44,489 |
Benefits paid directly by Company and its subsidiaries | (18,969 | ) |  | (33,510 | )
Exchange rates from post employment benefits | 793 |  |  | 1,391 |
Ending balance | 284,724 |  |  | 272,867 |

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

The total of expense in each period is presented below:

| 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |
Health and dental care plan | 11,127 |  |  | 10,442 |  |  | 9,559 |
Indemnification of FGTS | 6,689 |  |  | (5,818 | ) |  | 11,159 |
Seniority bonus | (13,722 | ) |  | 4,765 |  |  | 5,460 |
Life insurance | 1,117 |  |  | 1,293 |  |  | 1,380 |
Total | 5,211 |  |  | 10,682 |  |  | 27,558 |

The main actuarial assumptions used are:

Economic factors | 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
| % p.a. |  | % p.a.
Discount rate for the actuarial obligation at present value | 8.22 |  | 8.79
Average projected salary growth rate | 7.07 |  | 7.64
Inflation rate (long term) | 3.25 |  | 3.80
Growth rate of medical services | 7.38 |  | 7.95

Demographic factors
Mortality Table for the life insurance benefit – CSO-80
Mortality Table for other benefits – AT 2000 Basic decreased by 10%
Disabled Mortality Table – RRB 1983 and RRB-1944
Disability Table – Weak light

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

Sensitivity analysis

The significant actuarial assumptions to determine the provision for post-employment benefits are: discount rate, wage and medical costs increases. The following sensitivity analyses on December 31, 2020, as shown below, were determined based on possible changes of assumptions occurring at the reporting date of the financial statements, keeping all other assumptions constant.

12/31/2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Assumption | Change in assumptions |  | Decrease in liability |  | Change in assumptions |  | Increase in liability
Discount rate | increase by 1.0 p.p. |  | 2,559 |  | decrease by 1.0 p.p. |  | 2,857
Medical services growth rate | decrease by 1.0 p.p. |  | 18,391 |  | increase by 1.0 p.p. |  | 23,271

The sensitivity analyses presented may not represent the real change in the post-employment benefits obligation, since it is unlikely that changes occur in just one assumption alone, considering that some of these assumptions may be correlated.

Inherent risks related to post-employment benefits

Interest rate risk: a long-term interest rate is used to calculate the present value of post-employment liabilities. A reduction in this interest rate will increase the corresponding liability.

Wage growth risk: the present value of the liability is calculated using as reference the wages of the plan participants, projected with the average nominal wage growth rate. An increase in the real wages of plan participants will increase the corresponding liability.

Medical costs growth risk: the present value of the liability is calculated using as reference the medical cost by age based on actual healthcare costs, projected based on the growth rate of medical services costs. An increase in the real medical costs will increase the corresponding liability.

# 21. Provision for a sset r etirement o bligation – f uel t anks

T h e provision corresponds to the legal obligation to remove the subsidiary IPP’s underground fuel tanks located at by Ipiranga-branded service stations after a certain use period (see Note 2.n).

Changes in the provision for asset retirement obligation are as follows:

Balance as of December 31, 2017 | 64,774 |
Additions (new tanks) | 264 |
Expenditure with tanks removed | (12,752 | )
Accretion expense | 2,381 |
Balance as of December 31, 2018 | 54,667 |
Additions (new tanks) | 290 |
Expenditure with tanks removed | (5,456 | )
Accretion expense | 1,741 |
Balance as of December 31, 2019 | 51,242 |
Additions (new tanks) | 163 |
Expenditure with tanks removed | (4,306 | )
Accretion expense | 6,336 |
Balance as of December 31, 2020 | 53,435 |
Current | 4,267 |
Non-current | 49,168 |

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

# 22. Provisions and contingencies

a. Provisions for tax, civil, and labor risks

The Company and its subsidiaries are parties in tax, civil, environmental, regulatory, and labor disputes at the administrative and judiciary levels, which, when applicable, are backed by escrow deposits. Provisions for losses are estimated and updated by m anagement based on the opinion of the Company’s legal department and its external legal advisors.

The table below demonstrates the breakdown of provisions by nature and its movement:

Provisions | Balance on 12/31/2019 |  | Additions |  | Reversals |  |  | Payments |  |  | Interest |  | Balance on 12/31/2020
IRPJ and CSLL (a.1.1) | 541,281 |  | - |  | (537 | ) |  | - |  |  | 7,118 |  | 547,862
PIS and COFINS | 10,155 |  | - |  | (10,264 | ) |  | - |  |  | 109 |  | -
ICMS | 96,472 |  | 15,580 |  | - |  |  | (4,085 | ) |  | 601 |  | 108,568
Civil, environmental and regulatory claims (a.2.1) | 85,855 |  | - |  | (4,070 | ) |  | (24,199 | ) |  | 186 |  | 57,772
Labor litigation (a.3.1) | 98,010 |  | 6,382 |  | - |  |  | (17,083 | ) |  | 3,366 |  | 90,675
Others | 92,822 |  | - |  | (254 | ) |  | - |  |  | 600 |  | 93,168
Total | 924,595 |  | 21,962 |  | (15,125 | ) |  | (45,367 | ) |  | 11,980 |  | 898,045
Current | 40,455 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 43,660
Non-current | 884,140 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 854,385

Some of the provisions above involve, in whole or in part, escrow deposits.

Balances of escrow deposits are as follows:

| 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
Tax matters | 789,624 |  | 753,810
Labor litigation | 57,603 |  | 71,605
Civil and other | 102,569 |  | 96,028
Total – non-current assets | 949,796 |  | 921,443

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

a.1 Provisions for tax matters and social security

a.1.1 On October 7, 2005, the subsidiaries Cia. Ultragaz and Bahiana filed for and obtained a preliminary injunction to recognize and offset PIS and COFINS credits on LPG purchases, against other taxes levied by the R FB, notably IRPJ and CSLL. The decision was confirmed by a trial court on May 16, 2008. Under the preliminary injunction, the subsidiaries made escrow deposits for these debits which amounted to R$ 523,136 as of December 3 1, 20 20 (R$ 515,825 as of December 31, 201 9). On July 18, 2014, a second instance unfavorable decision was published, and the subsidiaries suspended the escrow deposits, and started to pay income taxes from that date. To revert the court decision, the subsidiaries presented a writ of prevention which was dismissed on December 30, 2014, and the subsidiaries appealed this decision on February 3, 2015. Appeals were also presented to the respective higher courts Superior Court of Justice (“STJ”) and Federal Supreme Court (“STF”) whose final trial are pending.

a.2 Provisions for c ivil, e nvironmental and r egulatory c laims

a.2.1 The Company and its subsidiaries maintain provisions for lawsuits and administrative proceedings, mainly derived from contracts entered into with customers and former services providers, as well as proceedings related to environmental and regulatory issues in the amount of R$ 57,772 as of December 3 1, 20 20 (R$ 85,855 as of December 31, 201 9). The subsidiary IPP entered into an agreement in two civil lawsuits that were provisioned for the expected loss in the amount of R$ 27,995 due to the end of the lawsuits, this provision was written-off in the period.

a.3 Provisions for labor matters

a.3.1 The Company and its subsidiaries maintain provisions of R$ 90,675 as of December 3 1, 20 20 (R$ 98,010 as of December 31, 201 9) for labor litigation filed by former employees and by employees of our service providers, mainly, contesting the non-payment of labor rights.

b. Contingent l iabilities

The Company and its subsidiaries are parties in tax, civil, environmental, regulatory, and labor claims whose loss is assessed as possible (proceedings whose chance of loss is more than 25% and less or equal than 50%) by the Company and its subsidiaries’ legal departments, based on the opinion of its external legal advisors and, based on th ese assessment s, these claims were not recognized in the financial statements. The estimated amount of this contingency is R$ 3,236,982 as of December 3 1, 20 20 (R$ 2,840,086 as of December 31, 201 9).

b.1 Contingent l iabilities for t ax m atters and s ocial s ecurity

The Company and its subsidiaries have contingent liabilities for tax matters and social security in the amount of R$ 2,419,000 as of December 3 1, 20 20 (R$ 2,028,159 as of December 31, 201 9), mainly represented by:

b.1.1 The subsidiary IPP and its subsidiaries have assessments invalidating the offset of excise tax (“IPI”) credits in connection with the purchase of raw materials used in the manufacturing of products which sales are not subject to IPI under the protection of tax immunity. The amount of this contingency is R$ 176,390 a s of December 3 1, 20 20 (R$ 173,738 as of December 31, 201 9).

b.1.2 The subsidiary IPP and its subsidiaries have legal proceedings related to ICMS. The total amount involved in these proceedings, was R$ 958,134 as of December 3 1, 20 20 (R$ 836,822 as of December 31, 201 9). Such proceedings arise mostly of the disregard of ICMS credits amounting to R$ 300,707 as of December 3 1, 20 20 (R$ 319,849 as of December 31, 201 9), of which R$ 92,687 (R$ 126,772 as of December 31, 201 9) refer to proportional reversal requirement of ICMS credits related to the acquisition of hydrated alcohol; of alleged non-payment in the amount of R$ 98,157 as of December 3 1, 20 20 (R$ 92,567 as of December 31, 201 9); of conditioned fruition of fiscal incentive in the amount of R$ 119,894 as of December 31, 20 20 (R$ 117,753 as of December 31, 201 9); and inventory differences in the amount of R$ 269,581 as of December 3 1, 20 20 (R$ 172,736 as of December 31, 201 9) related to the leftovers or faults due to temperature changes or product handling.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

b.1.3 The Company and its subsidiaries are parties to administrative and judicial suits involving Income Tax, Social Security Contribution, PIS and COFINS, substantially about denials of offset claims and credits disallowance which total amount is R$ 709,338 as of December 3 1, 20 20 (R$ 699,360 as of December 31, 201 9), mainly represented by:

b.1.3.1 T he subsidiary IPP received a tax assessment related to the IRPJ and CSLL resulting from the supposedly undue amortization of the goodwill paid on acquisition of a subsidiary, in the amount of R$ 212,350 as of December 3 1, 20 20 (R$ 208,449 as of December 31, 201 9), which includes the amount of the income taxes, interest and penalty. Management assessed the likelihood of the tax assessment, supported by the opinion of its legal advisors, as “possible”, and therefore did not recognize a provision for this contingent liability.

b.2 Contingent l iabilities for c ivil, e nvironmental and r egulatory c laims

The Company and its subsidiaries have contingent liabilities for civil, environmental and regulatory claims in the amount of R$ 561,713, totaling 2,840 lawsuits as of December 3 1, 20 20 (R$ 549,664, totaling 3,109 lawsuits as of December 31, 201 9), mainly represented by:

b.2.1 The subsidiary Cia. Ultragaz is party to an administrative proceeding before CADE based on alleged anti-competitive practices in the State of Minas Gerais in 2001. The CADE entered a decision against Cia. Ultragaz and imposed a penalty of R$ 33,895 as of December 3 1, 20 20 (R$ 33,603 as of December 31, 201 9). The imposition of such administrative decision was suspended by a court order and its merit is being judicially reviewed.

b.2.2 In 2016, the subsidiary Cia. Ultragaz became party to two administrative proceedings filed by CADE, related to allegations of anti-competitive practices: i) one of the proceedings relate to practices in the State of Paraíba and other Northeast States, in which the subsidiary Bahiana is part along with Cia. Ultragaz. On this proceeding, Cia. Ultragaz and Bahiana signed a Cessation Commitment Agreement (“TCC”) with CADE, approved on November 22, 2017, in the amount of R$ 95,987, paid in 8 (eight) equal installments updated semiannually by SELIC, with maturity of the first one in 180 (one hundred and eighty) days from the date of publication of the approval. Three employees and one former employee signed TCC in the total amount of R$ 1,100. With the TCC, the administrative proceeding will be suspended in relation to the Cia. Ultragaz and Bahiana until final decision; ii) the second proceeding relate to practices in the Federal District and around, in which only Cia. Ultragaz is part. On this proceeding, Cia. Ultragaz signed a TCC with CADE, approved on September 6, 2017, in the amount of R$ 2,154, paid in a single installment in March 8, 2018. Two former employees signed TCC in the amount of R$ 50 each. With the TCC, the administrative proceeding will be suspended in relation to the Cia. Ultragaz until final decision.

b.2.3 The subsidiary IPP became party to two administrative proceedings filed by CADE, related to allegations of anti-competitive practices in the city of Joinville, S tate of Santa Catarina and in the Distrito Federal. The process related to the anti-competitive acts of Joinville, established in October 2015, is under judgment (until now two favorable votes and one unfavorable vote have been pronounced) while the lawsuit related to the Distrito Federal, from an administrative inquiry initiated in May 2012, which was converted into an administrative proceeding in June 2020, is in the stage of presentation of defense. Besides these, i n April, 2019, IPP received an administrative fine in the amount of R$ 40,693, for allegedly influencing uniform commercial conduct among fuel resellers around the city of Belo Horizonte, state of Minas Gerais. In this case, there was an option for the judicial discussion of the assessment and penalty applied, which has as last relevant movement the presentation of a reply by IPP, and it is certain that a decision has already been issued granting protection to suspend the enforceability of the fine. Management did not recognize a provision for these contingencies, s upported by the opinion of external legal counsel that classified the probability of loss as remote.

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b.2.4 On November 29, 2016, a technical opinion was issued by the Operational Support Center for Execution (Centro de Apoio Operacional à Execução - CAEX), a technical body linked to the São Paulo State Public Prosecutor (“MPE”), presenting a proposal of compensation for the alleged environmental damages caused by the fire on April 2nd, 2015 at the Santos Terminal of the subsidiary Tequimar. This technical opinion is non-binding, with no condemnatory or sanctioning nature, and will still be evaluated by the authorities and parties. The subsidiary disagrees with the methodology and the assumptions adopted in the proposal and is negotiating an agreement with the MPE and the Brazilian Federal Public Prosecutor (“MPF”), since the beginning of the investigation and currently there is no civil lawsuit filed on the matter. The negotiations relate to in natura repair of the any damages. T hus, on May 15, 2019, the subsidiary Tequimar signed a Partial Conduct Adjustment Commitment Agreement (“TAC”) in the amount of R$ 67,539 with the MPE and MPF to compensate for diffuse and collective damages of any kind arising from the fish mortality and the damage caused to the ichthyofauna. The n egotiations on compensation for other alleged damages are still ongoing and once concluded, the payments related to the project costs may affect the future Company’s f inancial statements. In the criminal sphere, the MP F denounced the subsidiary Tequimar, which was summoned and replied to the complaint on June 19, 2018. On September 12, 2019, at a hearing in the federal court of Santos, the MPF and Tequimar agreed, and the judicial authority approved, the conditional suspension of the criminal proceedings for a period of 2 years, when Tequimar shall then prove compliance with the execution of the Partial TAC signed, with the obligation of a complementary allocation of R$ 13,000 to the Fisheries Management Project, to obtain the definitive filing of the process. In addition, as of December 3 1, 20 20, there are contingent liabilities not recognized related to lawsuits in the amount of R$ 4,428 (R$ 11,403 as of December 31, 201 9). O n December 3 1 and December 31, 2019, there were no t extrajudicial claims.

b.3 Contingent l iabilities for l abor m atters

The Company and its subsidiaries have contingent liabilities for labor matters in the amount of R$ 256,269, totaling 1,306 lawsuits as of December 3 1, 20 20 (R$ 262,263, totaling 1,649 lawsuits as of December 31, 201 9), mainly represented by:

b.3.1 T he Petrochemical Industry Labor Union (Sindiquímica), of which the employees of Oxiteno S.A. and EMCA, companies located in the Camaçari Petrochemical Complex, are members, filed, in 1990, collective lawsuits against the subsidiaries, demanding the compliance of the fourth section of the collective labor agreement 1989/1990 (CCT 1989/1990), which provided for a salary, adjustment in lieu of the salary policies practiced. The collective actions against the subsidiaries, which have already become final, were judged in a favorable way to Oxiteno Nordeste and EMCA. At the same time, in 1990, there was the proposal for a collective agreement of, which appeared in the collective action, the Union of Employees and the Union of Companies (SINPEQ), discussing the same object (validity of the fourth clause of CCT 1989/1990). This action that transit judged only in October 2019, and remained unfavorable to SINPEQ, having the STF declared valid the fourth clause. During the process of collective a greement between the Unions, some companies in the Camaçari Petrochemical Complex signed an agreement with Sindiquímica. In October 2015, Sindiquímica filed enforcement lawsuits against Oxiteno Nordeste and, in 2017, EMCA, because these companies did not sign the agreement of 2010 with Sindiquímica. In addition to collective actions, individual claims containing the same object have been filed. In all the ongoing lawsuits whose object is the fourth clause, all applicable legal measures have been taken to defend companies and there are no t new final decisions in addition to those judged in favor of companies in the 1990s.

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(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

c. Lubricants operation between IPP and Chevron

In the process of transaction of the lubricants' operation in Brazil between Chevron and subsidiary IPP, it was agreed that each shareholder is responsible for any claims arising out of acts, facts or omissions that occurred prior to the transaction. T he liability provisions of the Chevron shareholder in the amount of R$ 101,663 (R$ 5,423 as of December 31, 201 9) are reflected in the consolidation of these financial statements. Additionally, in connection with the business combination, a provision in the amount of R$ 198,900 was recognized on December 1, 2017 due contingent liabilities, amounted to R$ 102,777 as of December 3 1, 20 20 (R$ 188,073 as of December 31, 201 9. The amounts of provisions of Chevron's liability recognized in the business combination will be reimbursed to subsidiary Iconic in the event of losses and an indemnity asset was hereby constituted in the same amount, without the need to establish a provision for uncollectible amounts.

d. Exclusion of ICMS from the calculation basis of PIS and COFINS (contingent assets)

In March 15, 2017, STF decided that ICMS is not included in the PIS and COFINS basis. All subsidiaries of the Company have actions aimed at obtaining this right, as long as applicable. The subsidiaries Oxiteno S.A., Extrafarma, Tequimar and Tropical have final and unappealable decision, and management confirmed the respective subsidies to prove the amounts to be refunded and recorded in results (see Note 7.a.3). As a result of injunctions obtained, some subsidiaries have already excluded ICMS from the PIS and COFINS calculation base in the amount of R$ 215,365 until December 3 1, 20 20 (R$ 141,618 as of December 31, 2019). The amounts to be recovered from the other subsidiaries will be recognized to the extent that, there are both the final and unappealable decision of the individual action and confirmation of the evidences.

The Company's management emphasizes that it is possible for the STF to modulate the effects of its judgment, either by restricting its effectiveness or determining when the decision will become effective, or by reinterpreting the value of ICMS to be excluded. After the decision of the STF has become final and unappealable, the Company's management will assess the impact on the claims of its subsidiaries, which may result in a reduction in the claimed tax credits.

# 23. Deferred r evenue

The subsidiaries of the Company have recognized the following deferred revenue:

| 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
‘am/pm’ and Jet Oil franchising upfront fee (a) | 814 |  | 956
Loyalty program “Km de Vantagens” (b) | 15,424 |  | 25,096
Loyalty program “Clube Extrafarma” (b) | 2,044 |  | 1,574
Total current | 18,282 |  | 27,626

a. Franchising u pfront f ee

am/pm is the convenience stores chain of the Ipiranga service stations and, on December 31, 2020, had 58 stores with initial deferred franchi sing upfront fee (63 stores as of December 31, 201 9). Jet Oil is Ipiranga’s lubricant-changing and automotive service specialized network and, on December 31, 2020 had 45 stores with initial deferred franchi sing upfront fee (46 stores as of December 31, 201 9). For more information on the deferred revenue from the franchi sing upfront fee, see N ote 2.a.

b. Loyalty p rogram s

Subsidiary Ipiranga participates in a loyalty program called Km de Vantagens (www.kmdevantagens.com.br) under which registered customers are rewarded with points when they buy products at Ipiranga service stations or at its partners. The customers may exchange these points, during the period of one year, for discounts on products and services offered by Ipiranga and its partners. Points received by Ipiranga’s customers that may be used with the partner Multiplus Fidelidade and for discounts of fuel in Ipiranga’s website (www.postoipiranganaweb.com.br) and recognized as a reduction of revenue from sales and services.

Subsidiary Extrafarma has a loyalty program called Clube Extrafarma (www.club e extra farma.com.br) under which registered customers are rewarded with points when they buy products at its drugstore chain. The customers may exchange these points, during the period of six months, for discounts in products at its drugstore chain, recharge credit on a mobile phone, and prizes offered by partners Multiplus Fidelidade and Ipiranga, through Km de Vantagens. Points received by Extrafarma’s customers are recognized as a reduction of revenue from sales and services.

Deferred revenue is estimated based on the fair value of the points granted, considering the value of the prizes and the expected redemption of these points. For more information on deferred revenue from loyalty program, see Note 2.a.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

# 24. Subscription w arrants – i ndemnification

Because of the association between the Company and Extrafarma o n January 31, 2014, 7 subscription warrants – indemnification could be issued, corresponding to up to 6,411,244 shares of the Company. The subscription warrants – indemnification may be exercised beginning 2020 by the former shareholders of Extrafarma and are adjusted according to the changes in the amounts of provisions for tax, civil, and labor risks and contingent liabilities related to the period prior to January 31, 2014. The subscription warrants – indemnification’s fair value is measured based on the share price of Ultrapar (UGPA3) and is reduced by the dividend yield until 2020, since the exercise is possible only from 2020, and they are not entitled to dividends while they are not converted into shares.

The Company’s Board of Directors confirmed on February 19 and August 12, 2020, the issuance of, respectively, 2,108,542 and 86,978 common shares and on February 24, 2021 the issuance of 70,939 common shares (see Note 35.b) within the authorized capital limit provided by the art. 6 of the Bylaws, due to the partial exercise of the rights conferred by the subscription warrants issued by the Company when the merger of all Extrafarma shares by the Company, approved by the extraordinary general meeting of the Company held in January 31, 2014.

In the association agreement between the Company and Extrafarma on January 31, 2014 and due to the unfavorable decisions of some processes prior on January 31, 2014, 574,648 shares linked to the subscription warrants – indemnification were canceled and not issue d. Also, 3,641,075 shares were retained, linked to subscription warrants – indemnification, which will be issued or canceled according as the final decision of the processes are favorable or unfavorable, respectively. On December 31, 2020, the maximum number of shares, which may be issued in the future, linked to the subscription warrants – indemnification, is up to 3,641,075 shares, totaling R$ 86,439.

# 25. Equity

a. Share c apital

On December 3 1, 20 20, t he subscribed and paid-in capital stock consists of 1,115,005,712 (1,112,810,192 as of December 31, 2019) common shares with no par value and the issuance of preferred shares and participation certificates is prohibited. Each common share entitles its holder to one vote at Shareholders’ Meetings.

The price of the outstanding shares as of December 3 1, 2020, on B3 was R$ 23.74 (R$ 25.48 as of December 31, 2019).

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

As of December 3 1, 20 20, t he Company is authorized to increase capital up to the limit of 1,600,000,000 common shares, without amendment to the Bylaws, by resolution of the Board of Directors. As a result of the conversion of the subscription warrants – indemnification into shares on February 19, August 12, 2020 and on February 24, 2021 the Company’s Board of Directors confirmed the issuance of 2,108,542, 86,978 and 70,939 common shares, see note 24.

As of December 3 1, 20 20, there were 47,413,094 common shares outstanding abroad in the form of ADRs (46,518,315 shares as of December 31, 201 9 and 55,725,974 shares as of December 31, 2018).

On April 10, 2019, the Company’s extraordinary and annual general meeting approved the stock split of common shares issued by Ultrapar, at a ratio of one currently existing share to two shares of the same class and type as well as the changing of the number of shares in which the capital stock of the Company is divided. The stock split approved herein shall not imply in any change in the Ultrapar’s capital stock. T he new shares and ADRs resulting from the stock split approved herein are of the same class and type and grant ed to its holders the same rights of the current shares and ADRs.

b. Equity instrument granted

The Company has a share-based incentive plan, which establishes the general terms and conditions for the concession of common shares issued by the Company held in treasury (see N ote 8.c).

c. Treasury s hares

The Company acquired its own shares at market prices, without capital reduction, to be held in treasury and to be subsequently disposed of or cancelled.

As of December 3 1, 20 20, 24,739,626 common shares were held in the Company's treasury, acquired at an average cost of R$ 19.77 (R$ 18.12 as of December 31, 2019 and 2018) (26,780,298 as of December 31, 2019 and 2018).

d. Capital r eserve

The capital reserve reflects the gain on the transfer of shares at market price used in the Deferred Stock Plan granted to executives of the subsidiaries of the Company, as mentioned in Note 8.c.

Because of Extrafarma’s associa tion in 2014, the Company recognized an increase in the capital reserves in the amount of R$ 498,812, due to the difference between the value attributable to share capital and the market value of the Ultrapar shares on the date of issue, deducted by R$ 2,260 related to the incurred costs directly attributable to issuing new shares. Additionally, on February 19 and August 12, 2020, there was an increase in the reserve in the amount of R$ 53,072 and R$ 1,691, respectively, due to the partial exercise of the subscription warrants – indemnification (see note 24).

e. Revaluation r eserve

The revaluation reserve, recognized prior to the adoption of the international accounting standards (IFRS), reflects the revaluation of assets of subsidiaries and is based on depreciation, write-off, or disposal of the revalued assets of the subsidiaries, as well as the tax effects recognized by these subsidiaries.

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f. Profit r eserves

f.1 Legal r eserve

Under Brazilian Corporate Law, the Company is required to allocate 5% of net annual earnings to a legal reserve, until the balance reaches 20% of capital stock. This reserve may be used to increase capital or to absorb losses but may not be distributed as dividends.

f.2 Investments r eserve

In compliance with Article 194 of the Brazilian Corporate Law and Article 5 4.b) of the Bylaws this reserve is aimed to protect the integrity of the Company’s assets and to supplement its capital stock, in order to allow new investments to be made. As provided in its Bylaws, the Company may allocate up to 50% of the annual net income to the investments reserve, up to the limit of 100% of the share capital.

The investments reserve is free of distribution restrictions and totaled R$ 3,658,265, as of December 3 1, 20 20 (R$ 3,290,073 as of December 31, 201 9).

g. Other comprehensive income

g.1 Valuation a djustments

(i) | Actuarial g ains and losses relating to post-employment benefits, calculated based on a valuation conducted by an independent actuary, are recognized in equity under the title “valuation adjustments”. Actuarial g ains and losses recorded in equity are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.
(ii) | Gains and losses on the hedging instruments of exchange rate related to firm commitment and highly probable transactions designated as cash flows hedges are recognized in equity as “v aluation adjustments”. Gains and losses are reclassified to initial cost of non-financial assets.
(iii) | The differences between the fair value of financial investments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income and the initial amount of financial investments plus the earned income and the foreign currency exchange variation are recognized in equity as valuation adjustments. Gains and losses are reclassified to statements of profit or loss when the financial investment is settled.
(iv) | The Company also recognizes in this item the effect of changes in the non-controlling interest in subsidiaries that do not result in loss of control. This amount corresponds to the difference between the amount by which the non-controlling interest was adjusted and the fair value of the consideration received or paid and represents a transaction with shareholders.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

Balance and changes in valuation adjustments of the Company are as follows:

| Fair value of cash flow hedging instruments (i) |  |  | Fair value of financial instruments (ii) |  |  | Actuarial gains (losses) of post-employment benefits (iii) |  |  | Non- controlling shareholders interest change (iv) |  | Total |
Balance as of December 31, 2017 | (27,364 | ) |  | - |  |  | (15,181 | ) |  | 197,369 |  | 154,824 |
Changes in fair value of financial instruments | (326,030 | ) |  | (273 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |  | (326,303 | )
IRPJ and CSLL on fair value | 110,058 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | 110,058 |
Actuarial loss of post-employment benefits | - |  |  | - |  |  | (2,810 | ) |  | - |  | (2,810 | )
Income and social contribution taxes on actuarial losses | - |  |  | - |  |  | 242 |  |  | - |  | 242 |
Balance as of December 31, 2018 | (243,336 | ) |  | (273 | ) |  | (17,749 | ) |  | 197,369 |  | (63,989 | )
Changes in fair value of financial instruments | (76,479 | ) |  | 478 |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  | (76,001 | )
IRPJ and CSLL on fair value | 23,683 |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  | 23,683 |
Actuarial loss of post-employment benefits | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | (41,794 | ) |  | ‐ |  | (41,794 | )
Income and social contribution taxes on actuarial losses | ‐ |  |  | ‐ |  |  | 11,784 |  |  | ‐ |  | 11,784 |
Balance as of December 31, 2019 | (296,132 | ) |  | 205 |  |  | (47,759 | ) |  | 197,369 |  | (146,317 | )
Changes in fair value of financial instruments | (477,570 | ) |  | 64 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | (477,507 | )
IRPJ and CSLL on fair value | 164,425 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | 164,425 |
Actuarial loss of post-employment benefits | - |  |  | - |  |  | (7,725 | ) |  | - |  | (7,724 | )
Income and social contribution taxes on actuarial losses | - |  |  | - |  |  | 2,133 |  |  | - |  | 2,133 |
Balance as of December 31, 2020 | (609,277 | ) |  | 269 |  |  | (53,351 | ) |  | 197,369 |  | (464,990 | )

(i) See Note 25.g.1.ii above.
(ii) See Note 25.g.1.iii above.
(iii) See Note 25.g.1.i above.
(iv) See Note 25.g.1.iv above.

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(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

g.2 Cumulative T ranslation A djustments

The change in exchange rates on assets, liabilities, and income of foreign subsidiaries that have functional currency other than the presentation currency of the Company and an independent management (see Note 2.s.1) and the exchange rate variation on notes i n the foreign market, net of income taxes (see Note 3 3.h.3) is directly recognized in the equity. This cumulative effect is reflected in profit or loss as a gain or loss only in case of disposal or write-off of the investment.

Balance and changes in cumulative translation adjustments of the Company are as follows:

| 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |
Initial balance | 102,427 |  |  | 65,857 |  |  | 53,061 |
Currency translation adjustment of foreign subsidiaries | 202,277 |  |  | 46,330 |  |  | 52,531 |
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate variation on financial instruments | (110,770 | ) |  | (14,788 | ) |  | (60,204 | )
IRPJ and CSLL on foreign currency exchange rate variation on financial instruments | 37,662 |  |  | 5,028 |  |  | 20,469 |
Final balance | 231,596 |  |  | 102,427 |  |  | 65,857 |

h. Dividends and a llocation of n et i ncome

The shareholders of the Company is entitled under the Bylaws to a minimum annual dividend of 50% of adjusted net income, after allocation of 5% to the legal reserve, calculated in accordance with Brazilian Corporate Law. The dividends and interest on equity in excess of the obligation established in the Bylaws are recognized in equity until the Shareholders approve them. T he proposed dividends payable that refers of the exercise of 2019, the amount of which on as of December 31, 201 9 totaled R$ 261,470 (R$ .0.24 – twenty-four cents of Brazilian Real per share), were approved by the Board of Directors on February 19, 202 0, and were paid as of March 06, 20 2 0. The proposed dividends payable that refers of the exercise of 2020, the amount of which on as of December 31, 2020 totaled R$ 479,748 (R$ 0.44 – forty-four cents of Brazilian Real per share), were approved by the Board of Directors on February 24, 2021, and will be paid from March 12, 2021 onwards.

The management proposal for the allocation of net income for 2020 and for distribution of dividends is as follow:

| 12/31/2020
Allocation of net income |
Net income for the period attributable to shareholders of Ultrapar | 893,383
Legal reserve (5% of the net income) | 44,669
Adjusted net income (basis for dividends) | 848,714
Minimum mandatory dividends for the period (50% of the adjusted net income) | 424,357
Additional dividends to minimum mandatory dividends | 55,391
Legal reserve (5% of the net income) | 44,669
Investments statutory reserve | 368,966
Total allocation of net income | 893,383
Allocation of dividends |
Minimum mandatory dividends for the period (50% of the adjusted net income) | 424,357
Additional dividends to minimum mandatory dividends | 55,391
Total allocation (R$ 0.44 per share) | 479,748

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(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

Balances and changes in dividends payable are as follows:

Balance as of December 31, 2018 | 284,024 |
Provisions | 329,106 |
Payments | (596,436 | )
Balance as of December 31, 2019 | 16,694 |
Provisions | 710,206 |
Payments | (284,767 | )
Balance as of December 31, 2020 | 442,133 |

# 26. Net r evenue from s ale and s ervices

| 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |
Gross revenue from sale | 86,754,003 |  |  | 94,296,759 |  |  | 94,693,178 |
Gross revenue from services | 929,304 |  |  | 869,084 |  |  | 750,791 |
Sales taxes (i) | (4,291,081 | ) |  | (4,031,295 | ) |  | (3,027,597 | )
Discounts and sales returns | (1,871,825 | ) |  | (1,494,814 | ) |  | (1,342,799 | )
Amortization of contractual assets with customers (see Note 11) | (289,436 | ) |  | (355,250 | ) |  | (371,825 | )
Deferred revenue (see Note 23) | 10,137 |  |  | 13,491 |  |  | (3,765 | )
Net revenue from sales and services | 81,241,102 |  |  | 89,297,975 |  |  | 90,697,983 |

(i) Presented as required by the Brazilian law.

# 27. Expenses by n ature

The Company presents its expenses by function in the consolidated statement of profit or loss and presents below its expenses by nature:

| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Raw materials and materials for use and consumption | 73,933,944 |  | 81,819,820 |  | 83,116,950
Personnel expenses | 2,275,115 |  | 2,415,581 |  | 2,513,586
Freight and storage | 1,424,753 |  | 1,170,870 |  | 1,178,990
Depreciation and amortization | 938,841 |  | 844,647 |  | 812,489
Amortization of right-of-use assets | 328,322 |  | 300,058 |  | ‐
Advertising and marketing | 153,057 |  | 206,103 |  | 173,988
Services provided by third parties | 357,195 |  | 322,589 |  | 328,361
Other expenses | 301,417 |  | 444,078 |  | 709,710
Total | 79,712,644 |  | 87,523,746 |  | 88,834,074
Classified as: |  |  |  |  |
Cost of products and services sold | 75,628,214 |  | 83,187,109 |  | 84,537,368
Selling and marketing | 2,547,850 |  | 2,610,384 |  | 2,670,867
General and administrative | 1,536,580 |  | 1,726,253 |  | 1,625,839
Total | 79,712,644 |  | 87,523,746 |  | 88,834,074

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# 28. Gain (loss) on d isposal of PP&E and i ntangibles and impairment

The gain or loss is determined as the difference between the selling price and residual book value of the investment, PP&E, and intangible asset. In 2020 th e gain was R$ 76,150 (loss es of R$ 30,019 in 201 9 and losses of R$ 22,088 in 2018), represented primarily from sale o f PP&E. In 2019 the impairment tests identified the need to recognize a loss in the amount of R$ 593,280 for Extrafarma's goodwill.

# 29. Other o perating i ncome, n et

| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Commercial partnerships(1) | 24,367 |  | 40,816 |  | 53,671
Merchandising(2) | 29,672 |  | 44,396 |  | 52,092
Loyalty program(3) | 145 |  | 12,943 |  | 25,682
Ultracargo – fire accident in Santos(4) | - |  | (3,733) |  | (4,951)
Fine for unrealized acquisition(5) | - |  | - |  | (286,160)
Extraordinary tax credits(6) | 292,977 |  | 144,949 |  | 208,038
Conduct adjustment commitment – Tequimar(7) | - |  | (65,539) |  | -
Provision for decarbonization obligation(8) | (124,287) |  | - |  | -
Others | (1,480) |  | 5,793 |  | 9,161
Other operating income, net | 221,394 |  | 179,625 |  | 57,533

(1) | Refers to contracts with service providers and suppliers, which establish trade agreements for convenience stores and gas stations.
(2) | Refers to contracts with suppliers of convenience stores, which establish, among other agreements, promotional campaigns.
(3) | Refers to sales of “Km de Vantagens” to partners of the loyalty program. Revenue is recognized at the time that the partners transfer the points to their customers.
(4) | For more information about the fire accident in Ultracargo, see Note 22.b.2.4.
(5) | Refers to a contractual fine paid in 2018 by Cia. Ultragaz in favor of Petrobras due to the non-closing of the acquisition of Liquigás Distribuidora S.A (“Liquigás”) transaction rejected by the CADE.
(6) | Refers substantially to Oxiteno S.A., Ipiranga, Oleoqu í mica, EMCA, Tequimar, Ultracargo and Tropical PIS and COFINS credits (see Note 7.a.2), and 2019 substantially to Extrafarma, Ipiranga and Iconic credits.
(7) | For more information, see Note 22.b.2.4.
(8) | Refers to the obligation adopted by the Brazilian National Biofuels Policy – "RenovaBio" (implemented by Law No. 13,576/2017, with additional regulations established by Decree No. 9,888/2019 and Ordinance No. 419 of November 20, 2019 issued by the Brazilian Ministry of Mines and Energy) to set decarbonization targets for its sector.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

# 30. Finance i ncome (Expense)

| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Finance income: |  |  |  |  |
Interest on financial investments | 135,502 |  | 302,793 |  | 328,625
Interest from customers | 134,001 |  | 138,462 |  | 135,514
Changes in subscription warrants – indemnification (see Note 24) | - |  | - |  | 44,484
Selic interest on extraordinary PIS/COFINS credits (see Note 7.a.2) | 242,661 |  | 11,146 |  | 168,564
Other finance income | 15,546 |  | 4,888 |  | 4,048
| 527,710 |  | 457,289 |  | 681,235
Finance expenses: |  |  |  |  |
Interest on loans | (372,017) |  | (388,897) |  | (440,641)
Interest on debentures | (321,654) |  | (482,361) |  | (441,394)
Interest on leases payable | (147,687) |  | (132,994) |  | (2,670)
Bank charges, financial transactions tax, and other charges | (79,882) |  | (62,687) |  | (92,558)
Exchange variation, net of gains and losses with derivative financial instruments | 158,007 |  | 134,544 |  | 172,701
Changes in subscription warrants – indemnification (see Note 24) | (17,353) |  | (7,760) |  | -
Interest of provisions and other expenses | (16,498) |  | (23,988) |  | 9,791
| (797,084) |  | (964,143) |  | (794,771)
Finance income (expense) | (269,374) |  | (506,854) |  | (113,536)

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

# 31. Earnings per s hare

The table below presents a reconciliation of numerators and denominators used in computing earnings per share. The Company has a deferred stock plan and subscription warrants – indemnification, as mentioned in Notes 8.c and 2 4, respectively.

| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Basic earnings per share |  |  |  |  |
Net income for the year of the Company | 893,383 |  | 373,526 |  | 1,150,421
Weighted average shares outstanding (in thousands) | 1,087,050 |  | 1,086,642 |  | 1,086,394
Basic earnings per share – R$ | 0.8218 |  | 0.3437 |  | 1.0589
Diluted earnings per share |  |  |  |  |
Net income for the year of the Company | 893,383 |  | 373,526 |  | 1,150,421
Weighted average shares outstanding (in thousands), including dilution effects | 1,093,478 |  | 1,092,826 |  | 1,092,566
Diluted earnings per share – R$ | 0.8170 |  | 0.3418 |  | 1.0530

Weighted average shares outstanding (in thousands) |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average shares outstanding for basic per share | 1,087,050 |  | 1,086,642 |  | 1,086,394
Dilution effect |  |  |  |  |
Subscription warrants – indemnification | 3,570 |  | 3,570 |  | 3,570
Deferred stock plan | 2,858 |  | 2,614 |  | 2,602
Weighted average shares outstanding for diluted per share | 1,093,478 |  | 1,092,826 |  | 1,092,566

Earnings per share were adjusted retrospectively by the issue of 2,195,520 common shares due to the partial exercise of the rights conferred by the subscription warrants disclosed in note 24 and by the issue of 70,939 common shares disclosed in note 35.b.

# 32. Segment i nformation

The Company operates five main business segments: gas distribution, fuel distribution, chemicals, storage and drugstores. The gas distribution segment (Ultragaz) distributes LPG to residential, commercial, and industrial consumers, especially in the South, Southeast, and Northeast regions of Brazil. The fuel distribution segment (Ipiranga) operates the distribution and marketing of gasoline, ethanol, diesel, fuel oil, kerosene, natural gas for vehicles, and lubricants and related activities throughout all the Brazilian territory. The chemicals segment (Oxiteno) produces ethylene oxide and its main derivatives and fatty alcohols, which are raw materials used in the home and personal care, agrochemical, paints, varnishes, and other industries. The storage segment (Ultracargo) operates liquid bulk terminals, especially in the Southeast and Northeast regions of Brazil. T he drugstores segment (Extrafarma) trade s pharmaceutical, hygiene, and beauty products through its own drugstore chain in the North, Northeast and Southeast regions of the country. The segments shown in the f inancial statements are strategic business units supplying different products and services. Intersegment sales are at prices similar to those that would be charged to third parties.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

a. Financial information related to segments

The main financial information of each of the Company’s segments are stated as follows:

| 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |
Net revenue from sales and services: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ultragaz | 7,408,342 |  |  | 7,094,823 |  |  | 7,043,246 |
Ipiranga | 66,133,035 |  |  | 75,452,481 |  |  | 76,477,640 |
Oxiteno | 5,210,704 |  |  | 4,254,237 |  |  | 4,748,428 |
Ultracargo | 644,177 |  |  | 540,758 |  |  | 493,649 |
Extrafarma | 1,988,411 |  |  | 2,060,568 |  |  | 2,027,988 |
Abastece Aí | 17,223 |  |  | - |  |  | - |
| 81,401,892 |  |  | 89,402,867 |  |  | 90,790,951 |
Others (1) | 48,325 |  |  | 44,770 |  |  | 46,937 |
Intersegment sales | (209,115 | ) |  | (149,662 | ) |  | (139,905 | )
Total | 81,241,102 |  |  | 89,297,975 |  |  | 90,697,983 |
Intersegment sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ultragaz | 4,710 |  |  | 3,794 |  |  | 2,879 |
Ipiranga | 207 |  |  | 535 |  |  | 2,919 |
Oxiteno | 16,069 |  |  | 22,265 |  |  | 6,325 |
Ultracargo | 139,452 |  |  | 78,390 |  |  | 82,573 |
| 160,438 |  |  | 104,984 |  |  | 94,696 |
Others (1) | 48,677 |  |  | 44,678 |  |  | 45,209 |
Total | 209,115 |  |  | 149,662 |  |  | 139,905 |
Net revenue from sales and services, excluding intersegment sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ultragaz | 7,403,632 |  |  | 7,091,029 |  |  | 7,040,367 |
Ipiranga | 66,132,828 |  |  | 75,451,946 |  |  | 76,474,721 |
Oxiteno | 5,194,635 |  |  | 4,231,971 |  |  | 4,742,103 |
Ultracargo | 504,725 |  |  | 462,368 |  |  | 411,076 |
Extrafarma | 1,988,411 |  |  | 2,060,569 |  |  | 2,027,988 |
Abastece Aí | 17,223 |  |  | - |  |  | - |
| 81,241,454 |  |  | 89,297,883 |  |  | 90,696,255 |
Others (1) | (352 | ) |  | 92 |  |  | 1,728 |
Total | 81,241,102 |  |  | 89,297,975 |  |  | 90,697,983 |
Operating income (expense): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ultragaz | 494,213 |  |  | 368,975 |  |  | 52,564 |
Ipiranga | 915,432 |  |  | 1,674,439 |  |  | 1,461,513 |
Oxiteno | 355,852 |  |  | (12,833 | ) |  | 471,927 |
Ultracargo | 251,759 |  |  | 83,171 |  |  | 129,490 |
Extrafarma | (69,672 | ) |  | (720,252 | ) |  | (113,769 | )
Abastece Aí | (28,966 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |
Holding (2) | (107,451 | ) |  | (96,432 | ) |  | (106,065 | )
| 1,811,167 |  |  | 1,297,068 |  |  | 1,895,660 |
Others (1) | 888 |  |  | 3,484 |  |  | 3,694 |
Total | 1,812,055 |  |  | 1,300,552 |  |  | 1,899,354 |

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

| 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |
Share of profit (loss) of joint ventures and associates: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ultragaz | (53 | ) |  | (5) |  |  | 12 |
Ipiranga | (932 | ) |  | 1,790 |  |  | 576 |
Oxiteno | 402 |  |  | 532 |  |  | 880 |
Ultracargo | 392 |  |  | 1,370 |  |  | 1,350 |
| (191 | ) |  | 3,687 |  |  | 2,818 |
Others(3) | (43,426 | ) |  | (15,832 | ) |  | (17,597 | )
Total | (43,617 | ) |  | (12,145 | ) |  | (14,779 | )
Income before financial result, income and social contribution taxes | 1,768,438 |  |  | 1,288,407 |  |  | 1,884,575 |
Financial result, net | (269,374 | ) |  | (506,854 | ) |  | (113,536 | )
Income before income and social contribution taxes | 1,499,064 |  |  | 781,553 |  |  | 1,771,039 |
Additions to PP&E and intangible assets (excluding intersegment account balances): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ultragaz | 309,083 |  |  | 249,784 |  |  | 245,069 |
Ipiranga | 338,848 |  |  | 370,864 |  |  | 417,519 |
Oxiteno | 210,144 |  |  | 255,016 |  |  | 473,026 |
Ultracargo | 218,898 |  |  | 217,377 |  |  | 167,034 |
Extrafarma | 39,824 |  |  | 89,850 |  |  | 118,577 |
Abastece Aí | 15,434 |  |  | - |  |  | - |
| 1,132,231 |  |  | 1,182,891 |  |  | 1,421,225 |
Others(1) | 32,437 |  |  | 20,186 |  |  | 18,382 |
Total additions to PP&E and intangible assets (see Notes 14 and 15) | 1,164,668 |  |  | 1,203,077 |  |  | 1,439,607 |
Asset retirement obligation – fuel tanks (see Note 21) | (163 | ) |  | (290 | ) |  | (264 | )
Provision for demobilization of machinery and equipment | (375 | ) |  | - |  |  | - |
Capitalized borrowing costs | (13,316 | ) |  | (30,748 | ) |  | (23,438 | )
Total investments in PP&E and intangible assets (cash flow) | 1,150,814 |  |  | 1,172,039 |  |  | 1,415,905 |
Addition on contractual assets with customers – exclusive rights (see Note 11): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ipiranga | 543,382 |  |  | 330,068 |  |  | 390,177 |
Ultragaz | 5,703 |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Total | 549,085 |  |  | 330,068 |  |  | 390,177 |

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Depreciation of PP&E and amortization of intangible assets charges: |  |  |  |  |
Ultragaz | 192,241 |  | 186,221 |  | 222,527
Ipiranga | 314,511 |  | 290,747 |  | 283,426
Oxiteno | 260,780 |  | 212,328 |  | 167,357
Ultracargo | 65,838 |  | 59,618 |  | 52,414
Extrafarma | 82,530 |  | 80,550 |  | 71,552
Abastece Aí | 4,053 |  | - |  | -
| 919,953 |  | 829,464 |  | 797,276
Others (1) | 18,888 |  | 15,183 |  | 15,213
Total | 938,841 |  | 844,647 |  | 812,489
Amortization of contractual assets with customers – exclusive rights (see Note 11): |  |  |  |  |
Ipiranga | 287,800 |  | 355,055 |  | 371,825
Ultragaz | 1,636 |  | 195 |  | -
Total | 289,436 |  | 355,250 |  | 371,825
Amortization of right-of-use assets: |  |  |  |  |
Ultragaz | 41,015 |  | 31,264 |  | ‐
Ipiranga | 177,039 |  | 164,543 |  | ‐
Oxiteno | 14,283 |  | 9,676 |  | ‐
Ultracargo | 19,482 |  | 20,673 |  | ‐
Extrafarma | 71,369 |  | 73,774 |  | ‐
Abastece Aí | 40 |  | - |  | ‐
| 323,228 |  | 299,930 |  | ‐
Others (1) | 5,094 |  | 128 |  | ‐
Total | 328,322 |  | 300,058 |  | ‐

| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Total assets (excluding intersegment account balances): |  |  |  |  |
Ultragaz | 2,927,062 |  | 2,998,623 |  | 2,719,425
Ipiranga | 18,761,207 |  | 16,278,320 |  | 15,381,887
Oxiteno | 8,892,850 |  | 7,453,476 |  | 7,452,331
Ultracargo | 2,197,675 |  | 1,871,799 |  | 1,478,697
Extrafarma | 1,845,038 |  | 2,060,182 |  | 2,107,901
Abastece Aí | 85,787 |  | - |  | -
| 34,709,619 |  | 30,662,400 |  | 29,140,241
Others (1) | 1,540,543 |  | 533,072 |  | 1,359,154
Total | 36,250,162 |  | 31,195,472 |  | 30,499,395

(1) | Composed of the parent company Ultrapar (including goodwill of certain acquisitions) and s ubsidiaries Serma - Associação dos Usuários de Equipamentos de Processamento de Dados e Serviços Correlatos (“Serma”) and Imaven Imóveis Ltda.

(2) | New reporting practices were adopted that allocate holding expenses previously recognized by our five businesses segments as Ultrapar's expenses (on an unconsolidated basis). These holding expenses include those incurred by our main governance bodies (including our Board of Directors, Fiscal Council, advisory committees to the Board of Directors, holding CEO and CFO), in addition to areas that were considered and related to a holding-company framework such as investor relations and M&A. The segregation of these expenses was adjusted retroactively to maintain comparability among the results of the Company in 2020, 2019 and 2018.
(3) | Includes the share of profit (loss) in the joint ventures ConectCar and RPR.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

b. Geographic a rea i nformation

The fixed and intangible assets of the Company and its subsidiaries are located in Brazil, except those related to Oxiteno’ plants abroad, as shown below:

| 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
United States of America | 1,152,876 |  | 909,787
Mexico | 163,042 |  | 124,809
Uruguay | 90,347 |  | 74,732
| 1,406,265 |  | 1,109,328

The subsidiaries generate revenue from operations in Brazil, United Stated of America, Mexico and Uruguay, as well as from exports of products to foreign customers, as disclosed below:

| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Net revenue from sale and services: |  |  |  |  |
Brazil | 79,364,726 |  | 87,927,198 |  | 89,183,342
Mexico | 239,968 |  | 220,021 |  | 207,615
Uruguay | 59,606 |  | 41,648 |  | 48,096
Venezuela (i) | - |  | - |  | 68,877
Other Latin American countries | 647,469 |  | 418,368 |  | 425,973
United States of America and Canada | 590,926 |  | 437,669 |  | 465,840
Far East | 91,428 |  | 74,093 |  | 96,394
Europe | 151,150 |  | 118,917 |  | 138,347
Other | 95,829 |  | 60,061 |  | 63,499
Total | 81,241,102 |  | 89,297,975 |  | 90,697,983

(i) S ee Note 3.b.6.

Sales to the foreign market are made substantially by the Oxiteno.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

# 33. Risks and f inancial i nstruments

a. Risk m anagement and f inancial i nstruments – g overnance

The main risks to which the Company and its subsidiaries are exposed reflect strategic/operational and economic/financial aspects. Operational/strategic risks (including, but not limited to, demand behavior, competition, technological innovation, and material changes in the industry structure) are addressed by the Company’s management model. Economic/financial risks primarily reflect default of customers, behavior of macroeconomic variables, such as exchange and interest rates, as well as the characteristics of the financial instruments used by the Company and its subsidiaries and their counterparties. These risks are managed through control policies, specific strategies, and the establishment of limits.

The Company has a policy for the management of resources, financial instruments, and risks approved by its C ompany’s Board of Directors (“Policy”). In accordance with the Policy, the main objectives of financial management are to preserve the value and liquidity of financial assets and ensure financial resources for the development of the business, including expansions. The main financial risks considered in the Policy are market risks (currencies, interest rates and commodities), liquidity and credit. The g overnance of the management of financial risks follows the segregation of duties below:

The execution of the Policy has done by corporate financial board, through its treasury department, with the assistance of the accounting, legal and tax departments.

The monitoring of compliance of the Policy and possible issues is the responsibility of the Risk and Investment Committee, (“Committee”), which is composed of CFO, Treasury Director, Controller and other directors designated by the CFO. The Committee holds quarte r ly meetings and monitors the risk standards established by the Policy through a monitoring map on a monthly basis.

Approval of the Policy and the periodic assessment of Company exposure to financial risks are subject to the approval of the C ompany’s Board of Directors of Ultrapar.

The Audit and Risks Committee advises the C ompany’s Board of Directors in the assessment of controls, management and exposure of financial risks and revision of Policy. The Risk, Compliance and Audit board monitors of standards compliance of the Policy and reports to the Audit and Risks Committee the risks exposure and compliance or noncompliance of the Policy.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

b. Currency r isk

Most transactions of the Company, through its subsidiaries, are located in Brazil and, therefore, the reference currency for risk management is the Brazilian Real. Currency risk management is guided by neutrality of currency exposures and considers the risks of the Company and its subsidiaries and their exposure to changes in exchange rates. The Company considers as its main currency exposures the changes in assets and liabilities in foreign currency.

The Company and its subsidiaries use exchange rate hedging instruments (especially between the Brazilian Real and the U.S. dollar) available in the financial market to protect their assets, liabilities, receipts, and disbursements in foreign currency and net investment s in foreign operation s. Hedge is used in order to reduce the effects of changes in exchange rates on the Company´s income and cash flows in Brazilian Reais within the exposure limits under its Policy. Such foreign exchange hedging instruments have amounts, periods, and rates substantially equivalent to those of assets, liabilities, receipts, and disbursements in foreign currenc ies to which they are related.

Assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are stated below, translated into Brazilian Reais:

b.1 Assets and l iabilities in f oreign c urrencies

| 12/31/2020 |  |  | 12/31/2019 |
Assets in foreign currency |  |  |  |  |
Cash, cash equivalents and financial investments in foreign currency (except hedging instruments) | 1,413,276 |  |  | 455,620 |
Foreign trade receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts and advances to foreign customers | 307,829 |  |  | 213,544 |
Other assets | 1,767,626 |  |  | 1,445,022 |
| 3,488,731 |  |  | 2,114,186 |
Liabilities in foreign currency |  |  |  |  |
Financing in foreign currency, gross of transaction costs and discount | (9,246,707 | ) |  | (6,895,052 | )
Payables arising from imports, net of advances to foreign suppliers | (633,013 | ) |  | (344,523 | )
| (9,879,720 | ) |  | (7,239,575 | )
Foreign currency hedging instruments | 4,837,554 |  |  | 3,636,418 |
Net liability position – total | (1,553,435 | ) |  | (1,488,971 | )
Net asset (liability) position – income statement effect | 186,306 |  |  | 452,178 |
Net liability position – equity effect | (1,739,741 | ) |  | (1,941,149 | )

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

b.2 Sensitivity a nalysis of a ssets and l iabilities in f oreign c urrency

Scenarios I, II and III were based on 10%, 25% and 50% variations, respectively, applied on the net position of the Company exposed to the currency risk, simulating the effects of appreciation and devaluation of the Real in the income statement and the equity:

The table below shows, in the three scenarios, the effect s of exchange rate changes o n the net liability position of R$ 1,553,435 in foreign currency as of December 3 1, 20 20:

| Risk | Scenario I |  |  | Scenario II |  |  | Scenario III |
|  | Base |  |  | 25% |  |  | 50% |
(1) Income statement effect | Real devaluation | 18,631 |  |  | 46,577 |  |  | 93,153 |
(2) Equity effect | (173,974 | ) |  | (434,935 | ) |  | (869,871 | )
(1) + (2) | Net effect | (155,343 | ) |  | (388,358 | ) |  | (776,718 | )
(3) Income statement effect | Real appreciation | (18,631 | ) |  | (46,577 | ) |  | (93,153 | )
(4) Equity effect | 173,974 |  |  | 434,935 |  |  | 869,871 |
(3) + (4) | Net effect | 155,343 |  |  | 388,358 |  |  | 776,718 |

The table below shows, in the three scenarios, the effects of exchange rate changes on the net liability position of R$ 1,488,971 in foreign currency as of December 3 1, 20 19:

| Risk | Scenario I |  |  | Scenario II |  |  | Scenario III |
|  | Base |  |  | 25% |  |  | 50% |
(1) Income statement effect | Real devaluation | 45,218 |  |  | 113,045 |  |  | 226,089 |
(2) Equity effect | (194,115 | ) |  | (485,287 | ) |  | (970,575 | )
(1) + (2) | Net effect | (148,897 | ) |  | (372,242 | ) |  | (744,486 | )
(3) Income statement effect | Real appreciation | (45,218 | ) |  | (113,045 | ) |  | (226,089 | )
(4) Equity effect | 194,115 |  |  | 485,287 |  |  | 970,575 |
(3) + (4) | Net effect | 148,897 |  |  | 372,242 |  |  | 744,486 |

The equity effect refer s to cumulative translation adjustments of changes in the exchange rate on equity of foreign subsidiaries (see Note s 2.s.1 and 2 5.g.2), net investments hedge in foreign entities, cash flow hedge of firm commitment and highly probable transaction (see Note 2.c and “h. Hedge Accounting” below).

c. Interest r ate r isk

The Company and its subsidiaries adopt policies for borrowing and investing financial resources and for capital cost minimization. The financial investments of the Company and its subsidiaries are primarily held in transactions linked to the DI, as set forth in Note 4. Borrowings primarily relate to financing from Banco do Bra s il, as well as debentures and borrowings in foreign currency, as shown in Note 1 6.

The Company attempts to maintain most of its financial interest assets and liabilities at floating rates.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

c.1 Assets and liabilities exposed to floating interest rates

T he financial assets and liabilities exposed to floating interest rates are demonstrated below:

| Note | 12/31/2020 |  |  | 12/31/2019 |
DI |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents | 4.a | 2,241,852 |  |  | 1,780,939 |
Financial investments | 4.b | 3,749,852 |  |  | 2,610,686 |
Asset position of foreign exchange hedging instruments – DI | 33.g | - |  |  | 19,323 |
Loans and debentures | 16.a | (6,947,362 | ) |  | (6,268,615 | )
Liability position of foreign exchange hedging instruments – DI | 33.g | (2,124,146 | ) |  | (3,318,289 | )
Liability position of fixed interest instruments + IPCA – DI | 33.g | (2,203,705 | ) |  | (821,902 | )
Net liability position in DI |  | (5,283,509 | ) |  | (5,997,858 | )
TJLP |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans –TJLP | 16.a | (29,803 | ) |  | (103,945 | )
Net liability position in TJLP |  | (29,803 | ) |  | (103,945 | )
LIBOR |  |  |  |  |  |
Asset position of foreign exchange hedging instruments – LIBOR | 33.g | 260,958 |  |  | 850,307 |
Loans – LIBOR | 16.a | (573,484 | ) |  | (1,457,263 | )
Net liability position in LIBOR |  | (312,526 | ) |  | (606,956 | )
SELIC |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans – SELIC | 16.a | - |  |  | (30,392 | )
Net liability position in SELIC |  | - |  |  | (30,392 | )
Total net liability position exposed to floating interest |  | (5,625,838 | ) |  | (6,739,151 | )

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

c.2 Sensitivity a nalysis of f loating i nterest r ate r isk

For sensitivity analysis of floating interest rate risk, the Company used the accumulated amount of the reference indexes (DI, TJLP, LIBOR and SELIC) as a base scenario. Scenarios I, II and III were based on 10%, 25% and 50% variation s, respectively, applied in the floating interest rate of the base scenario:

The tables below show the incremental expenses and income that would be recognized in finance income, due to the effect of floating interest rate changes in different scenarios.

|  | 12/31/2020
| Risk | Scenario I |  | Scenario II |  | Scenario III
|  | Base |  | 25% |  | 50%
Exposure of interest rate risk |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest effect on cash equivalents and financial | Increase in DI | 13,175 |  | 32,937 |  | 65,875
Interest effect on debt in DI | Increase in DI | (19,674) |  | (49,184) |  | (98,368)
Interest rate hedging instruments (liabilities in DI) effect | Increase in DI | (1,137) |  | (11,934) |  | (29,929)
Incremental expenses |  | (7,636) |  | (28,181) |  | (62,422)
Interest effect on debt in TJLP | Increase in TJLP | (301) |  | (752) |  | (1,503)
Incremental expenses |  | (301) |  | (752) |  | (1,503)
Foreign exchange hedging instruments (assets in LIBOR) effect | Increase in LIBOR | 528 |  | 1,320 |  | 2,640
Interest effect on debt in LIBOR | Increase in LIBOR | (1,410) |  | (3,525) |  | (7,050)
Incremental expenses |  | (882) |  | (2,205) |  | (4,410)
Interest effect on debt in SELIC | Increase in SELIC | (41) |  | (102) |  | (203)
Incremental expenses |  | (41) |  | (102) |  | (203)

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

|  | 12/31/2019
| Risk | Scenario I |  | Scenario II |  | Scenario III
|  | Base |  | 25% |  | 50%
Exposure of interest rate risk |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest effect on cash equivalents and financial | Increase in DI | 29,304 |  | 73,261 |  | 146,522
Foreign exchange hedging instruments (assets in DI) | Increase in DI | 55 |  | 137 |  | 274
Interest effect on debt in DI | Increase in DI | (44,469) |  | (111,173) |  | (222,345)
Interest rate hedging instruments (liabilities in DI) effect | Increase in DI | (39,175) |  | (85,571) |  | (162,897)
Incremental expenses |  | (54,285) |  | (123,346) |  | (238,446)
Interest effect on debt in TJLP | Increase in TJLP | (1,213) |  | (3,033) |  | (6,065)
Incremental expenses |  | (1,213) |  | (3,033) |  | (6,065)
Foreign exchange hedging instruments (assets in LIBOR) effect | Increase in LIBOR | 1,722 |  | 4,305 |  | 8,609
Interest effect on debt in LIBOR | Increase in LIBOR | (3,551) |  | (8,876) |  | (17,753)
Incremental expenses |  | (1,829) |  | (4,571) |  | (9,144)
Interest effect on debt in SELIC | Increase in SELIC | (251) |  | (628) |  | (1,257)
Incremental expenses |  | (251) |  | (628) |  | (1,257)

d. Credit r isks

The financial instruments that would expose the Company and its subsidiaries to credit risks of the counterparty are basically represented by cash and bank deposits, financial investments, hedging instruments (see Note 4), and trade receivables (see Note 5).

d.1 Credit risk of financial institutions

Such risk results from the inability of financial institutions to comply with their financial obligations to the Company and its subsidiaries due to insolvency. The Company and its subsidiaries regularly conduct a credit review of the institutions with which they hold cash and cash equivalents, financial investments, and hedging instruments through various methodologies that assess liquidity, solvency, leverage, portfolio quality, etc. Cash and cash equivalents, financial investments, and hedging instruments are held only with institutions with a solid credit history, chosen for safety and soundness. The volume of cash and cash equivalents, financial investments, and hedging instruments are subject to maximum limits by each institution and, therefore, require diversification of counterpart ies.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

d.2 Government credit risk

The Company's policy allows investments in government securities from countries classified as investment grade AAA or a aa by specialized credit rating agencies (S&P, Moody’s and Fitch) and in Brazilian government bonds. The volume of such financial investments is subject to maximum limits by each country and, therefore, requires diversification of counterparties.

The credit risk of financial institution and government of cash, cash equivalents and financial investments is summarized below:

|  | Fair value
Counterparty credit rating |  | 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
AAA |  | 8,190,428 |  | 4,906,077
AA |  | 317,894 |  | 331,512
A |  | 163,839 |  | 418,020
BBB |  | - |  | 56,488
Total |  | 8,672,160 |  | 5,712,097

d.3 Customer credit risk

The credit policy establishes the analysis of the profile of each new customer, individually, regarding their financial condition. The review carried out by the subsidiaries of the Company includes the evaluation of external ratings, when available, f inancial statements, credit bureau information, industry information and, when necessary, bank references. Credit limits are established for each customer and reviewed periodically, in a shorter period the greater the risk, depending on the approval of the responsible area in cases of sales that exceed these limits.

In monitoring credit risk, customers are grouped according to their credit characteristics and depending on the business the grouping takes into account, for example, whether they are natural or legal clients, whether they are wholesalers, resellers or final customers, considering also the geographic area.

The expected of credit loss es are calculated by the expected loss ap p roach based on the probability of default rates. Loss rates are calculated on the basis of the average probability of a receivable amount to advance through successive stages of default until full write-off. The probability of default calculation takes into account a credit risk score for each exposure, based on data considered to be capable of fores eeing the risk of loss (external classifications, audited f inancial statements, cash flow projections, customer information available in the press, for example), with addition of the credit assessment based on experience.

Such credit risks are managed by each business unit through specific criteria for acceptance of customers and their credit rating and are additionally mitigated by the diversification of sales. No single customer or group accounts for more than 10% of total revenue.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

The subsidiaries of the Company request guarantees related to trade receivables and other receivables in specific situations to customers, but these guarantees don’t influence in the calculation of risk of loss. The subsidiaries of the Company maintained the following allowance for expected losses on doubtful accounts balances on trade receivables:

| 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
Ipiranga | 447,389 |  | 447,235
Ultragaz | 113,621 |  | 94,985
Oxiteno | 16,430 |  | 13,252
Extrafarma | 73 |  | 3,419
Ultracargo | 1,594 |  | 2,001
Total | 579,107 |  | 560,892

The table below presents information about credit risk exposure:

| 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
| Weighted average rate of losses |  | Accounting balance |  | Provision for losses |  | Weighted average rate of losses |  | Accounting balance |  | Provision for losses
Current | 1.2% |  | 3,751,067 |  | 44,091 |  | 1.3% |  | 3,843,803 |  | 50,198
less than 30 days | 2.2% |  | 134,836 |  | 2,939 |  | 2.1% |  | 185,612 |  | 3,975
31-60 days | 8.2% |  | 43,207 |  | 3,563 |  | 7.1% |  | 37,801 |  | 2,688
61-90 days | 10.9% |  | 42,589 |  | 4,630 |  | 20.4% |  | 24,861 |  | 5,062
91-180 days | 36.8% |  | 76,158 |  | 28,062 |  | 41.8% |  | 91,633 |  | 38,337
more than 180 days | 55.7% |  | 890,756 |  | 495,822 |  | 53.1% |  | 867,618 |  | 460,632
|  |  | 4,938,613 |  | 579,107 |  |  |  | 5,051,328 |  | 560,892

The information about expected losses on doubtful accounts balances by geographic area are as follows:

| 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
Brazil | 568,461 |  | 550,928
Mexico | - |  | 1,123
Uruguay | 76 |  | 267
Other Latin American countries | 271 |  | 561
United States of America and Canada | 1,146 |  | 889
Europe | 9,120 |  | 7,075
Others | 33 |  | 49
| 579,107 |  | 560,892

For further information about the allowance for expected losses on doubtful accounts, see Notes 5.a and 5.b.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

d.4 Price risk

The Company and its subsidiaries are exposed to commodity price risk, due the fluctuation in prices for diesel and gasoline, among others.

To mitigate th e risk of the fluctuation of diesel and gasoline prices, the Company and its subsidiaries permanently monitor the market, seeking to protect ion of price movements through hedge transactions for cargo purchased in the international market, used contracts of derivative for heating oil (diesel) and RBOB (gasoline) traded on the stock exchange. These products are traded on the stock exchange and are subject ed to the impacts of macroeconomic and geopolitical factors outside the control of the Company and its subsidiaries.

The table below shows the positions of derivative financial instruments to hedge commodity price risk at December 3 1, 2020:

Derivative |  | Contract |  | Notional amount (m3) |  | Notional amount (USD thousands) |  | Fair value
|  | Position |  | Product |  | Maturity |  | 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019 |  | 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019 |  | 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | R$ thousands |  | R$ thousands
Term |  | Sold |  | Heating Oil |  | jan-21 |  | 108,429 |  | 76,950 |  | 42,399 |  | 40,529 |  | (563) |  | (2,378)
Term |  | Sold |  | RBOB |  | - |  | - |  | 64,867 |  | - |  | 29,243 |  | - |  | 1,107
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (563) |  | (1,271)

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

e. Liquidity r isk

The Company and its subsidiaries’ main sources of liquidity derive from (i) cash, cash equivalents, and financial investments, (ii) cash generated from operations and (iii) financing. The Company and its subsidiaries believe that these sources are sufficient to satisfy their current funding requirements, which include, but are not limited to, working capital, capital expenditures, amortization of debt, and payment of dividends.

The Company and its subsidiaries periodically examine opportunities for acquisitions and investments. They consider different types of investments, either directly, through joint ventures, or through associated companies, and finance such investments using cash generated from operations, debt financing, through capital increases, or through a combination of these methods.

On December 31, 2020 t he Company and its subsidiaries believe to have enough working capital and sources of financing to satisfy their current needs. The gross indebtedness due over the next twelve months total ed R$ 3,620,550 including estimated interests on loans (for quantitative information, see Note 1 6.a). Furthermore, the investment for 20 2 1 total ed R$ 1,890,763. On December 3 1, 20 20, the Company and its subsidiaries had R$ 7,694,752 in c ash, cash equivalents, and short-term financial investments (for quantitative information, see Note 4).

The table below presents a summary of financial liabilities as of December 3 1, 20 20 by the Company and its subsidiaries, listed by maturity. The amounts disclosed in this table are the contractual undiscounted cash outflows, and, therefore, these amounts ​​may be different from the amounts disclosed on the balance sheet.

Financial liabilities | Total | Less than 1 year | Between 1 and 3 years | Between 3 and 5 years | More than 5 years
Loans including future contractual interest (1) (2) | 20,131,159 | 3,620,550 | 6,716,208 | 1,695,276 | 8,099,125
Currency and interest rate hedging instruments (3) | 472,647 | 133,092 | 88,918 | 106,885 | 143,752
Trade payables | 4,040,652 | 4,040,652 | - | - | -
Leases payable | 2,734,384 | 396,010 | 668,089 | 541,004 | 1,129,281

(1) | To calculate the estimated interest on loans some macroeconomic assumptions were used, including averag ing for the period the following: (i) DI of % 2.29% to 2021, 3.74% to 2022 and 4.84% to 2023; (ii) exchange rate of the R eal against the U.S. dollar of R$ 4.86 in 2021, R$ 4.33 in 2022, R$ 4.17 in 2023, R$ 4.20 in 2024, R$ 4.22 in 2025, R$ 4.24 in 2026, R$ 4.26 in 2027, R$ 4.28 in 2028 and R$ 4.30 in 2029; (iii) TJLP of 4.39%; (iv) IGP-M of 4.79% in 2021, 4.02% in 2022, 3.25% as from 20 2 3; (v) IPCA of 3.6% in 202 1, 3.3% in 202 2, 3.0% as from 202 3 (source: B3, B ulletin Focus and financial institutions).
(2) | Includes estimated interest payments on short-term and long-term loans until the payment date.
(3) | The currency and interest rate hedging instruments were estimated based on projected U.S dollar futures contracts and the futures curve s of DI x Pre and Pre x IPCA contract s quoted on B3 on December 3 1, 2020 and on the futures curve of LIBOR (ICE – Intercontinental Exchange) and commodities heating oil contracts and RBOB quoted on New York Mercantile Exchange (“NYMEX”) on December 3 1, 2020. In the table above, only the hedging instruments with negative result s at the time of settlement were considered.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

f. Capital m anagement

The Company manages its capital structure based on indicators and benchmarks. The key performance indicators related to the capital structure management are the weighted average cost of capital, net debt / EBITDA, interest coverage, and indebtedness / equity ratios. Net debt is composed of cash, cash equivalents, and financial investments (see Note 4) and loans, including debentures (see Note 1 6). The Company can change its capital structure depending on the economic and financial conditions, in order to optimize its financial leverage and capital management. The Company seeks to improve its return on invested capital by implementing efficient working capital management and a selective investment program.

g. Selection and u se of f inancial i nstruments

In selecting financial investments and hedging instruments, an analysis is conducted to estimate rates of return, risks involved, liquidity, calculation methodology for the carrying value and fair value, and a review is conducted of any documentation applicable to the financial instruments. The financial instruments used to manage the financial resources of the Company and its subsidiaries are intended to preserve value and liquidity.

The Policy contemplates the use of derivative financial instruments only to cover identified risks and in amounts consistent with the risk (limited to 100% of the identified risk). The risks identified in the Policy are described in the above sections and are subject to risk management. In accordance with the Policy, the Company and its subsidiaries can use forward contracts, S waps, options, and futures contracts to manage identified risks. Leveraged derivative instruments are not permitted. Because the use of derivative financial instruments is limited to the coverage of identified risks, the Company and its subsidiaries use the term “hedging instruments” to refer to derivative financial instruments.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

The table below summarizes the position of hedging instruments entered by the Company and its subsidiaries:

Designated as hedge accounting |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Product |  | Hedged object |  | Rates agreement |  | Maturity |  | Note |  | Notional amount 1 |  | Fair value
|  |  |  | Assets | Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  | 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019 |  | 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
Foreign exchange swap |  | Debt |  | USD + 4.58 % | 103.9% DI |  | nov-23 |  | 33.h.1 |  | USD 185,000 |  | USD 245,000 |  | 298,889 |  | 69,298
Foreign exchange swap |  | Debt |  | USD + LIBOR-3M + 1.14% | 105.0% DI |  | jun-22 |  | 33.h.1 |  | USD 50,000 |  | USD 150,000 |  | 94,782 |  | 74,970
Interest rate swap |  | Debt |  | 4.57% + IPCA | 95.8% DI |  | dec-25 |  | 33.h.1 |  | R$ 806,054 |  | R$ 806,054 |  | 203,837 |  | 144,123
Interest rate swap |  | Debt |  | 6.47% | 99.9% DI |  | nov-24 |  | 33.h.1 |  | R$ 90,000 |  | R$ 90,000 |  | 3,498 |  | 584
Term |  | Firm commitments |  | BRL | Heating Oil / RBOB |  | jan-21 |  | 33.h.1 |  | USD 42,399 |  | - |  | (563) |  | -
NDF |  | Firm commitments |  | BRL | USD |  | jan-21 |  | 33.h.1 |  | USD 23,124 |  | - |  | (733) |  | -
Zero Cost Collar |  | Operating margin |  | Put USD 3.86 | Call USD 4.33 |  | - |  | 33.h.2 |  | - |  | USD 60,000 |  | - |  | (121)
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 599,710 |  | 288,854

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

Not designated as hedge accounting |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Product |  | Hedged object |  | Rates agreement |  | Maturity |  | Notional amount 1 |  | Fair value
|  |  |  | Assets | Liabilities |  |  |  | 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019 |  | 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
Foreign exchange swap |  | Debt |  | USD + 0.18% | 55.5% DI |  | jun-29 |  | USD 320,000 |  | USD 853,000 |  | 519,260 |  | 353,451
NDF |  | Firm commitments |  | BRL | USD |  | may-21 |  | USD 378,550 |  | USD 71,600 |  | (112,152) |  | (1,080)
Interest rate swap |  | Debt |  | 1.9% | 100% DI |  | jan-21 |  | R$ 1,300,000 |  | - |  | (5) |  | -
Foreign exchange swap |  | Debt |  | LIBOR-3M + 2.0% | 105.9% DI |  | - |  | - |  | USD 60,000 |  | - |  | 48,535
Foreign exchange swap |  | Firm commitments |  | USD + 0.00% | 33.5% DI |  | - |  | - |  | USD 17,896 |  | - |  | (2,203)
Foreign exchange swap |  | Operating margin |  | 34.8% DI | USD + 0.00% |  | - |  | - |  | USD 4,680 |  | - |  | 612
Term |  | Firm commitments |  | BRL | Heating Oil / RBOB |  | - |  | - |  | USD 56,000 |  | - |  | (1,271)
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 407,103 |  | 398,044

(1) Currency as indicated.

All transactions mentioned above were properly registered with CETIP S.A.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

h. Hedge a ccounting

The Company and its subsidiaries use derivative and non-derivative financial instruments for hedging purposes and test, throughout the duration of the hedge, the ir effectiveness, as well as the changes in their fair value.

h.1 Fair value hedge

The Company and its subsidiaries designate as fair value hedges certain financial instruments used to offset the variations in interest and exchange rates, which are based on the market value of financing contracted in Brazilian Reais and U.S. dollars.

T he foreign exchange hedging instruments designated as fair value hedge are:

In thousands, except the DI % | 2020 |  | 2019
Notional amount – US$ | 235,000 |  | 395,000
Result of hedging instruments – gain/(loss) – R$ | 574,378 |  | 79,466
Fair value adjustment of debt – R$ | (13,131) |  | (36,764)
Finance expense in the statements of profit or loss – R$ | (597,735) |  | (130,320)
Average effective cost – DI % | 104.1 |  | 104.4

For more information, see Note 16.c.1.

T he interest rate hedging instruments designated as fair value hedge are:

In thousands, except the DI % | 2020 |  | 2019
Notional amount – US$ | 806,054 |  | 806,054
Result of hedging instruments – gain/(loss) – R$ | 67,446 |  | 72,957
Fair value adjustment of debt – R$ | (18,446) |  | (76,992)
Finance expense in the statements of profit or loss – R$ | (99,555) |  | (68,054)
Average effective cost – DI % | 95.8 |  | 95.8

For more information, see Note s 16.g.2, 16.g.4 and 16.g.6.

In thousands, except the DI % | 2020 |  | 2019
Notional amount – US$ | 90,000 |  | 90,000
Result of hedging instruments – gain/(loss) – R$ | 6,528 |  | 584
Fair value adjustment of debt – R$ | 3,250 |  | (208)
Finance expense in the statements of profit or loss – R$ | (8,968) |  | (377)
Average effective cost – DI % | 99.9 |  | 99.9

For more information, see Note 16.g.7.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

The foreign exchange hedging instruments and commodities designated as fair value hedge are as described below. The purpose of this relationship is to transform the cost of the imported product from fixed to variable until the moment of blend the fuel, as occurs with the price practiced in its sales. The subsidiary Ipiranga realizes these operations with over-the-counter derivatives that are designated in a hedge accounting relationship, as a fair value hedge in an amount equivalent to the inventories of imported product.

In thousands, except the DI % | 2020 |  | 2019
Notional amount – US$ | 65,523 |  | -
Result of hedging instruments – gain/(loss) – R$ | (87,448) |  | -
Fair value adjustment of inventories – R$ | 18,468 |  | -

h.2 Cash flow hedge

The Company and its subsidiaries designate, as cash flow hedge of firm commitment and highly probable transactions, derivative financial instruments to hedge firm commitments and non-derivative financial instruments to hedge highly probable future transactions, to hedge against fluctuations arising from changes in exchange rate.

On December 3 1, 20 20, the notional amount of foreign exchange hedging instruments for highly probable future transactions designated as cash flow hedge, related to notes in the foreign market totaled US$ 468,215 (US$ 550,000 on December 31, 201 9). On December 3 1, 20 20, t he unrealized loss of “Other comprehensive income” is R$ 315,403 (loss of R$ 293,277 on December 31, 201 9), net of deferred IRPJ and CSLL.

On December 3 1, 20 20, the notional amount of foreign exchange hedging instruments for highly probable future transactions designated as cash flow hedge, related to future sales revenues of Oxiteno (zero cost collars) have not been renewed and did not have balance (US$ 60,000 on December 31, 20 19) or loss recognized in “Other comprehensive income” (loss of R$ 74 on December 31, 201 9).

h.3 Net investment hedge in foreign entities

The Company and its subsidiaries designate, as net investment hedge in foreign entities, notes in the foreign market, for hedging net investment in foreign entities, to offset changes in exchange rates.

On December 3 1, 20 20, the balance of foreign exchange hedging instruments designated as net investments hedge in foreign entities, related to part of the investments made in entities which functional currency is other than the Brazilian Real, totaled US$ 95,000 (US$ 95,000 on December 31, 201 9).On December 3 1, 20 20, t he unrealized loss of “Other comprehensive income” is R$ 73,108 (l oss of R$ 55,682 on December 31, 201 9), net of deferred income and social contribution taxes. The effects of exchange rate changes on investments and hedg ing instruments were offset in equity.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

i. Gains (losses) on h edging i nstruments

The following tables summarize the value of gains (losses) recognized, which affected the equity of the Company and its subsidiaries:

| 2020
| Profit or loss |  | Equity
a – Exchange rate derivates receivable in U.S. dollars (i) and (ii) and commodities | 497,210 |  | -
b – Exchange rate derivates payable in U.S. dollars (ii) | (330,999) |  | 80
c – Interest rate swaps in R$ (iii) | 58,131 |  | -
d – Non-derivative financial instruments (iv) | (919,219) |  | (737,471)
Total | (694,877) |  | (737,391)

| 2019
| Profit or loss |  | Equity
a – Exchange rate derivates receivable in U.S. dollars (i) and (ii) and commodities | 230,000 |  | -
b – Exchange rate derivates payable in U.S. dollars (ii) | (1,667) |  | (80)
c – Interest rate swaps in R$ (iii) | (4,035) |  | -
d – Non-derivative financial instruments (iv) | (262,098) |  | (348,959)
Total | (37,800) |  | (349,039)

| 2018
| R$ million
| Profit or loss |  | Equity
a – Exchange rate swaps receivable in U.S. dollars (i) (ii) | 181,544 |  | -
b – Exchange rate swaps payable in U.S. dollars (ii) | (3.903) |  | 0,176
c – Interest rate swaps in R$ (iii) | 12,474 |  | -
d – Non-derivative financial instruments (iv) | (133,951) |  | (284,624)
Total | 56,163 |  | (289,448)

(i) | D oes not consider the effect of exchange rate variation of exchange S waps receivable in U.S. dollars when this effect is offset in the gain or loss of the hedged item (debt/firm commitments).
(ii) | Considers the designation effect of foreign exchange hedging.
(iii) | C onsiders the designation effect of interest rate hedging in Brazilian Reais; and
(iv) | Considers the results of notes in the foreign market (for further information see Note 1 6.b).

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

j. Fair v alue of f inancial i nstruments

The fair values and the carrying values of the financial instruments, including currency and interest rate hedging instruments, are stated below:

|  |  | 12/31/2020 |  | 12/31/2019
| Category | Note | Carrying value |  | Fair value |  | Carrying value |  | Fair value
Financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and bank | Measured at amortized cost | 4.a | 405,081 |  | 405,081 |  | 284,992 |  | 284,992
Financial investments in local currency | Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income | 4.a | 2,241,852 |  | 2,241,852 |  | 1,780,939 |  | 1,780,939
Financial investments in foreign currency | Measured at fair value through profit or loss | 4.a | 14,561 |  | 14,561 |  | 49,448 |  | 49,448
Financial investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed-income securities and funds in local currency | Measured at fair value through profit or loss | 4.b | 3,643,286 |  | 3,643,286 |  | 1,937,967 |  | 1,937,967
Fixed-income securities and funds in local currency | Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income | 4.b | 31,315 |  | 31,315 |  | 595,816 |  | 595,816
Fixed-income securities (guarantee of loans) | Measured at amortized cost | 4.b | 75,251 |  | 75,251 |  | 76,904 |  | 76,904
Fixed-income securities and funds in foreign currency | Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income | 4.b | 1,278,940 |  | 1,278,940 |  | 303,417 |  | 303,417
Currency and interest rate hedging and commodities instruments | Measured at fair value through profit or loss | 4.b | 981,874 |  | 981,874 |  | 682,615 |  | 682,615
Trade Receivables | Measured at amortized cost | 5.a | 3,391,122 |  | 3,369,766 |  | 3,689,500 |  | 3,663,247
Reseller Financing | Measured at amortized cost | 5.b | 968,384 |  | 965,645 |  | 800,936 |  | 839,090
Total |  |  | 13,031,666 |  | 13,007,571 |  | 10,202,534 |  | 10,214,435
Financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financing | Measured at fair value through profit or loss | 16.a | 1,308,928 |  | 1,308,928 |  | 1,666,092 |  | 1,666,092
Financing | Measured at amortized cost | 16.a | 9,406,013 |  | 10,186,947 |  | 6,008,414 |  | 7,268,742
Debentures | Measured at amortized cost | 16.a | 5,450,751 |  | 5,363,621 |  | 5,657,339 |  | 5,603,669
Debentures | Measured at fair value through profit or loss | 16.a | 1,093,365 |  | 1,093,365 |  | 1,030,892 |  | 1,030,891
Leases payable | Measured at amortized cost | 13 | 1,833,288 |  | 1,833,288 |  | 1,588,673 |  | 1,588,673
Commodities, currency and interest rate hedging instruments | Measured at fair value through profit or loss | 16.a | 117,159 |  | 117,159 |  | 29,985 |  | 29,985
Trade payables | Measured at amortized cost | 17 | 4,040,652 |  | 4,008,457 |  | 2,700,071 |  | 2,678,808
Subscription warrants – indemnification | Measured at fair value through profit or loss | 24 | 86,439 |  | 86,439 |  | 130,657 |  | 130,657
Total |  |  | 23,336,595 |  | 23,998,204 |  | 18,812,123 |  | 19,997,517

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

The fair value of financial instruments, including currency and interest hedging instruments, was determined as follows:

- The fair value of cash and bank deposit balances are identical to their carrying values.

- Financial investments in investment funds are valued at the value of the fund unit as of the date of the financial statements, which corresponds to their fair value.

- Financial investments in CDBs (Bank Certificates of Deposit) and similar investments offer daily liquidity through repurchase at the “yield curve” and the Company calculates their fair value through methodologies commonly used for mark to the market.

- The fair value of trade receivables and trade payables are approximate to their carrying values and the Company calculates its fair value through methodologies commonly used in the market.

- The subscription warrants – indemnification was measured based on the share price of Ultrapar (UGPA3) at the financial statements date and are adjusted to the Company’s dividend yield, since the exercise is only possible starting in 2020 onwards and they are not entitled to dividends until then. The number of shares of subscription warrants – indemnification is also adjusted according to the changes in the amounts of provision for tax, civil, and labor risks and contingent liabilities related to the period prior to January 31, 2014 (s ee Note 24).

- The fair value calculation of notes in the foreign market is based on the quoted price in an active market (see Note 16.b).

The fair value of other financial investments, financing and leases payable was determined using calculation methodologies commonly used for mark-to-market reporting, which consist of calculating future cash flows associated with each instrument adopted and adjusting them to present value at the market rates as of the date of the f inancial statements. For some cases where there is no active market for the financial instrument, the Company and its subsidiaries can use quotes provided by the transaction counterparties.

The interpretation of market information on the choice of calculation methodologies for the fair value requires considerable judgment and estimates to obtain a value deemed appropriate to each situation. Consequently, the estimates presented do not necessary indicate the amounts that may be realiz able in the current market.

Financial instruments were classified as financial assets or liabilities measured at amortized cost, except (i) all exchange rate and interest rate hedging instruments, which are measured at fair value through profit or loss, financial investments classified as measured at fair value through profit or loss and financial investments that are classified as measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (see Note 4.b), (ii) loans and financing measured at fair value through profit or loss (see Note 1 6.a), (iii) guarantees to customers that have vendor arrangements (see Note 1 6.i), which are measured at fair value through profit or loss, and (iv) subscription warrants – indemnification, which are measured at fair value through profit or loss (see Note 2 4). Cash, banks, trade receivables and reseller financing are classified as measured at amortized cost. Trade payables, leases payable and other payables are classified as financial liabilities measured at amortized cost.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

j.1 Fair v alue h ierarchy of f inancial i nstruments

The financial instruments are classified in the following categories:

(a) Level 1 – prices negotiated (without adjustment) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

(b) Level 2 – inputs other than prices negotiated in active markets included in Level 1 and observable for the asset or liability, either directly (as prices) or indirectly (derived from prices).

The table below shows the categories of the financial assets and financial liabilities:

| Category | Note | 12/31/2020 |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2
Financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and bank | Measured at amortized cost | 4.a | 405,081 |  | - |  | -
Financial investments in local currency | Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income | 4.a | 2,241,852 |  | - |  | 2,241,852
Financial investments in foreign currency | Measured at fair value through profit or loss | 4.a | 14,561 |  | 14,561 |  | -
Financial investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed-income securities and funds in local currency | Measured at fair value through profit or loss | 4.b | 3,643,286 |  | 3,643,286 |  | -
Fixed-income securities and funds in local currency | Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income | 4.b | 31,315 |  | - |  | 31,315
Fixed-income securities (guarantee of loans) | Measured at amortized cost | 4.b | 75,251 |  | - |  | -
Fixed-income securities and funds in foreign currency | Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income | 4.b | 1,278,940 |  | 30,245 |  | 1,248,695
Currency and interest rate hedging and commodities instruments | Measured at fair value through profit or loss | 4.b | 981,874 |  | - |  | 981,874
Trade Receivables | Measured at amortized cost | 5.a | 3,369,766 |  | - |  | -
Reseller Financing | Measured at amortized cost | 5.b | 965,645 |  | - |  | -
Total |  |  | 13,007,571 |  |  |  |
Financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financing | Measured at fair value through profit or loss | 16.a | 1,308,928 |  | - |  | 1,308,928
Financing | Measured at amortized cost | 16.a | 10,186,947 |  | - |  | -
Debentures | Measured at amortized cost | 16.a | 5,363,621 |  | - |  | -
Debentures | Measured at fair value through profit or loss | 16.a | 1,093,365 |  | - |  | 1,093,365
Leases payable | Measured at amortized cost | 13 | 1,833,288 |  | - |  | -
Commodities, currency and interest rate hedging instruments | Measured at fair value through profit or loss | 16.a | 117,159 |  | - |  | 117,159
Trade payables | Measured at amortized cost | 17 | 4,008,457 |  | - |  | -
Subscription warrants – indemnification (1) | Measured at fair value through profit or loss | 24 | 86,439 |  | - |  | 86,439
Total |  |  | 23,998,204 |  |  |  |
| Category | Note | 12/31/2019 |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2
Financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and bank | Measured at amortized cost | 4.a | 284,992 |  | - |  | -
Financial investments in local currency | Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income | 4.a | 1,780,939 |  | - |  | 1,780,939
Financial investments in foreign currency | Measured at fair value through profit or loss | 4.a | 49,448 |  | 49,448 |  | -
Financial investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed-income securities and funds in local currency | Measured at fair value through profit or loss | 4.b | 1,937,967 |  | 1,937,967 |  | -
Fixed-income securities and funds in local currency | Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income | 4.b | 595,816 |  | - |  | 595,816
Fixed-income securities (guarantee of loans) | Measured at amortized cost | 4.b | 76,904 |  | - |  | -
Fixed-income securities and funds in foreign currency | Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income | 4.b | 303,417 |  | 18,985 |  | 284,432
Currency and interest rate hedging and commodities instruments | Measured at fair value through profit or loss | 4.b | 682,615 |  | - |  | 682,615
Trade Receivables | Measured at amortized cost | 5.a | 3,663,247 |  | - |  | -
Reseller Financing | Measured at amortized cost | 5.b | 839,090 |  | - |  | -
Total |  |  | 10,214,435 |  |  |  |
Financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financing | Measured at fair value through profit or loss | 16.a | 1,666,092 |  | - |  | 1,666,092
Financing | Measured at amortized cost | 16.a | 7,268,742 |  | - |  | -
Debentures | Measured at amortized cost | 16.a | 5,603,669 |  | - |  | -
Debentures | Measured at fair value through profit or loss | 16.a | 1,030,891 |  | - |  | 1,030,891
Leases payable | Measured at amortized cost | 13 | 1,588,673 |  | - |  | -
Commodities, currency and interest rate hedging instruments | Measured at fair value through profit or loss | 16.a | 29,985 |  | - |  | 29,985
Trade payables | Measured at amortized cost | 17 | 2,678,808 |  | - |  | -
Subscription warrants – indemnification (1) | Measured at fair value through profit or loss | 24 | 130,657 |  | - |  | 130,657
Total |  |  | 19,997,517 |  |  |  |

(1) Refers to subscription warrants issued by the Company in the Extrafarma acquisition.

The fair value of trade receivables and trade payables are classified as level 2.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

k. Sensitivity a nalysis of d erivative f inancial i nstruments

The Company and its subsidiaries use derivative financial instruments only to hedge against identified risks and in amounts consistent with the risk (limited to 100% of the identified risk). Thus, for purposes of sensitivity analysis of market risks associated with financial instruments, the Company analyzes the hedging instrument and the hedged item together, as shown on the charts below.

For the sensitivity analysis of foreign exchange hedging instruments as of December 3 1, 20 20 and December 31, 201 9, management adopted as a base scenario the Real/U.S. dollar exchange rates at maturity of each swap, projected by U.S dollar futures contracts quoted on B3. As a reference, the exchange rate for the last maturity of foreign exchange hedging instruments is R$ 8.23 (R$ 5.76 as of December 31, 201 9) in the base scenario. Scenarios II and III were estimated with a 25% and 50% additional appreciation or depreciation of the Brazilian Real against the base scenario, according to the risk to which the hedged item is exposed.

Based on the balances of the hedging instruments and hedged items as of December 3 1, 20 20 and December 31, 201 9, the exchange rates were replaced, and the changes between the new balance in Brazilian Reais and the original balance in Brazilian Reais were calculated in each of the three scenarios. The table below shows the change in the values of the main derivative instruments and their hedged items, considering the changes in the exchange rate in the different scenarios:

12/31/2020 | Risk | Scenario I Base |  | Scenario II |  | Scenario III
Currency swaps receivable in U.S. dollars |  |  |  |  |  |
(1) U.S. Dollar / Real swaps | Dollar | 1,013,826 |  | 1,522,343 |  | 2,030,860
(2) Debts / firm commitments in dollars | appreciation | (1,013,824) |  | (1,522,330) |  | (2,030,835)
(1)+(2) | Net effect | 2 |  | 13 |  | 25
Currency swaps payable in U.S. dollars |  |  |  |  |  |
(3) Real / U.S. Dollar swaps | Dollar | 59 |  | 17,877 |  | 35,694
(4) Gross margin of Oxiteno/Ipiranga | devaluation | (59) |  | (17,877) |  | (35,694)
(3)+(4) | Net effect | - |  | - |  | -

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

12/31/2019 | Risk | Scenario I Base |  | Scenario II |  | Scenario III
Currency swaps receivable in U.S. dollars |  |  |  |  |  |
(1) U.S. Dollar / Real swaps | Dollar | 700,499 |  | 1,668,202 |  | 2,635,905
(2) Debts / firm commitments in dollars | appreciation | (700,465) |  | (1,668,031) |  | (2,635,596)
(1)+(2) | Net effect | 34 |  | 171 |  | 309
Currency swaps payable in U.S. dollars |  |  |  |  |  |
(3) Real / U.S. Dollar swaps | Dollar | 376 |  | 62,559 |  | 124,742
(4) Gross margin of Oxiteno | devaluation | (376) |  | (62,559) |  | (124,742)
(3)+(4) | Net effect | - |  | - |  | -
Options |  |  |  |  |  |
(5) Options Real / U.S. Dollar swaps | Dollar | - |  | 42,101 |  | 102,917
(6) Gross margin of Oxiteno | devaluation | - |  | (42,101) |  | (102,917)
(5)+(6) | Net effect | - |  | - |  | -

For sensitivity analysis of hedging instruments for interest rate s in Brazilian Reais as of December 3 1, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company u s ed the future s curve of the DI x Pre contract quoted on B3 as of December 3 1, 20 20 for each of the swap and debt (hedged item) maturities, to determine the base scenario. Scenarios II and III were estimated based on a 25% and 50% deterioration, respectively, of the base scenario pre-fixed interest rate.

Based on the three scenarios of interest rate s in Brazilian Reais, the Company estimated the values of its debt and hedging instruments according to the risk which is being hedged (variations in the pre-fixed interest rate s in Brazilian Reais), by projecting them to future value at the contracted rates and bringing them to present value at the interest rate s of the estimated scenarios. The result s are shown in the table below:

12/31/2020 | Risk | Scenario I Base |  | Scenario II |  | Scenario III
Interest rate swap (Real) – Debentures - CRA |  |  |  |  |  |
(1) Fixed rate swap - DI | Decrease in | (39,412) |  | (230,705) |  | (187,597)
(2) Fixed rate debt | Pre-fixed rate | 39,412 |  | 230,705 |  | 187,597
(1)+(2) | Net effect | - |  | - |  | -

12/31/2019 | Risk | Scenario I Base |  | Scenario II |  | Scenario III
Interest rate swap (Real) – Debentures - CRA |  |  |  |  |  |
(1) Fixed rate swap - DI | Decrease in | (195,123) |  | (137,260) |  | (74,027)
(2) Fixed rate debt | Pre-fixed rate | 195,123 |  | 137,260 |  | 74,027
(1)+(2) | Net effect | - |  | - |  | -

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

For the sensitivity analysis of the commodity price swings hedging instruments on December 3 1, 20 20 and December 31, 2019, the Company used the futures heating oil and gasoline (RBOB) contracts quoted on NYMEX. Scenarios II and III were estimated based on 25% and 50% deterioration, respectively, of the base scenario commodity price.

Based on the balances of the hedging instruments and the objects hedged on December 3 1, 2020 and December 31, 2019, prices were substituted and the variations between the new balance in Reais and the balance in Reais in the report date were calculated in each of the three scenarios. The table below shows the variation of the amounts of the derivative instruments and their objects of hedge, considering the variations in commodity prices in the different scenarios:

12/31/2020 | Risk | Scenario I Base |  | Scenario II |  | Scenario III
NDF Commodities |  |  |  |  |  |
(1) NDF Commodities | Decrease in | - |  | 551,794 |  | 1,103,589
(2) Gross margin from Ipiranga | Commodities Price | - |  | (551,794 | ) | (1,103,589)
(1)+(2) | Net effect | - |  | - |  | -

12/31/2019 | Risk | Scenario I Base |  |  | Scenario II |  |  | Scenario III |
NDF Commodities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(1) NDF Commodities | Decrease in | 100,542 |  |  | 1,490,893 |  |  | 2,881,245 |
(2) Gross margin from Ipiranga | Commodities Price | (100,542 | ) |  | (1,490,893 | ) |  | (2,881,245 | )
(1)+(2) | Net effect | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |

# 34. Commitments

a. Contracts

a.1 Subsidiary Tequimar has agreements with CODEBA, with the Complexo Industrial Portuário Governador Eraldo Gueiros and with the company Empresa Maranhense de Administração Portuária, in connection with its port facilities in Aratu, Suape and Itaqui, respectively. Such agreements establish a minimum cargo movement of products, as shown below:

Port | Minimum movement per year | Maturity
Aratu | 900,000 ton. | 2022
Suape | 250,000 ton. | 2027
Suape | 400,000 ton. | 2029
Aratu | 397,000 ton. | 2031
Itaqui | 1,222,377 m³ | 2049

If the annual movement is less than the minimum contractual movement, the subsidiary is liable to pay the difference between the effective movement and the minimum contractual movement, based on the port tariff rates in effect on the date established for payment. As of December 3 1, 20 20, these rates were R$ 8.37 and R$ 2.67. per ton for Aratu and Suape, respectively and R$ 0.78 per m³ for Itaqui. According to contractual conditions and tolerances, there are not material pending issues regarding the minimum purchase limits of the contract.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

a.2 Subsidiary Oxiteno S.A. has a supply agreement with Braskem S.A. which establishes and regulates the conditions for the supply of ethylene to Oxiteno based on the international market for this product. These contracts establish a minimum commitment to according to the table below:

Plant | Minimum purchase (tons) per year | Maturity
Camaçari | 205,000 | 2021
Mauá | 44,100 | 2023

Should the minimum purchase commitment not be met, the subsidiary would be liable for a fine based on the current ethylene price for the quantity not purchased. According to contractual conditions and tolerances, there are no material issues regarding the minimum purchase commitment.

b. Insurance c overage

The Company is supported by insurance policies with the objective of covering several risks to which it is exposed, including loss of profits, losses and damage from fire, lightning, explosion of any kind, gale, aircraft crash, electric damage, and other risks, covering the industrial plants and distribution bases and branches of all subsidiaries. The maximum compensation values based on the risk analysis of certain locations are shown below:

Maximum compensation value (*) |
Oxiteno | US$ 1,142 | (equivalent to R$ 5,935 million as of 12/31/2020)
Ipiranga | R$ 1,530 |
Ultracargo | R$ 1,000 |
Ultragaz | R$ 272 |
Extrafarma | R$ 160 |

(*) In million s. In accordance with policy conditions.

The General Liability Insurance program covers the Company and its subsidiaries with a maximum aggregate coverage of US$ 250 million (equivalent to R$ 1,299 million as of December 3 1, 20 20), against losses caused to third parties as a result of accidents related to commercial and industrial operations and/or distribution and sale of products and services.

T he Company maintain s liability insurance policies for directors and executive officers to indemnify the members of the Board of Directors, F iscal C ouncil, directors and executive officers of Ultrapar and its subsidiaries (“Insured”) in the total amount of US$ 80 million (equivalent to R$ 416 million as of December 3 1, 20 20), which cover any of the Insured liabilities resulting from wrongful acts, including any act or omission committed or attempted, except if the act, omission or the claim is consequence of gross negligence or willful misconduct.

In addition, group life and personal accident, health and national and international transportation, cyber risks and other insurance policies are also maintained.

The coverage and limit of the insurance policies are based on a careful study of risks and losses conducted by independent insurance advisors. T he type of insurance is considered by management to be sufficient to cover potential losses based on the nature of the business conducted by the companies.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

c. Area port lease

On March 22, 2019, Ultrapar, through its subsidiary IPP, won the port concessions of three areas with minimum storage capacity of 64 thousand m³ (unaudited) located at the port of Cabedelo, in the state of Paraíba, and one area with minimum storage capacity of 66 thousand m³ (not reviewed) at the port of Vitória, in the state of Espírito Santo, which will be designated for handling, storage and distribution of fuels. These concessions were carried out by two consortiums of which IPP holds one third of the total participation. . For the port of Cabedelo, the companies Nordeste Logística I, Nordeste Logística II and Nordeste Logística III were incorporated, in partnership with Raízen Combustível S.A. and Petrobrás Distribuidora S.A. For the port of Vitória, the company Navegantes was incorporated, in partnership with Raízen Combustível S.A. and Petrobrás Distribuidora S.A. T he total investments regarding IPP’s stake sums up to R$160 million (unaudited) for a concession term of 25 years.

On April 5, 2019, Company, through its subsidiary IPP and Tequimar, also won three concessions. IPP won two concessions in the port of Miramar, in Belém, state of Pará: (i) area BEL02A, through a consortium 50% owned by IPP,that shall have minimum storage capacity of 41 thousand m³ (unaudited), and (ii) area BEL04, which is currently operated by IPP with minimum storage capacity of 23 thousand m³. Such areas will be operated for at least 15 years, according to the auction notice. For the area BEL02 A, Latitude was incorporated, together with Petróleo Sabbá S.A.. T equimar won the concession of area VDC12 in the port of Vila do Conde, in Barcarena, state of Pará. The minimum storage capacity will be 59 thousand m³ (unaudited). The area will be operated by Tequi m ar for at least 25 years, according to the auction notice. For the area VDC12, Tequimar Vila do Conde Logística Portuária S.A. (“Tequimar Vila do Conde”) was incorporated (see Note 3.b). T he estimated investments regarding the participation of IPP and Tequimar sums up to R$ 450 million, approximately, to be disbursed throughout the next five years including the auction grants and the minimum investment required for these areas.

# 3 5. Subsequent events

a. Clarifications on the cyber incident

The Company suffered on January 11, 2021 a cyber incident of type ransomware in its information technology environment.

As a precautionary measure, the Company interrupted its systems, partially affecting, for a short period of time, the operations of its subsidiaries. Immediately, a ll security and control measures were adopted to remedy the situation and as of January 14, 2021 the operational systems of the Company and its subsidiaries began to be gradually re stored, with caution and security, according with the priority and relevance of each affected process. Until the issuance of these financial statements, all the critical information systems of the Company and its subsidiaries are in full operation.

During the ongoing investigations, the Company identified the un authorized copy and disclosure of certain data and is investigating the amount of exfiltrated and/or disclosed information, as well as the existence of impacts to its businesses and third parties, in order to adopt the appropriate measures.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(In thousands of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated)

According to the assessment made to this date, the Company does not expect material effects o n its results due to this incident. The Company has a specific insurance policy for cyber incidents, which has already been duly activated.

b. Issuance of Extrafarma subscription bonus shares

On February 24, 2021, the Company’s Board of Directors confirmed the issuance of 70,939 common shares within the authorized capital limit provided by art. 6 of the Company's Bylaws, due to the partial exercise of the rights conferred by the subscription warrants (see note 25) issued by the Company when the merger of all Extrafarma shares by the Company, approved by the e xtraordinary g eneral m eeting of the Company held in January 31, 2014. The share capital of the Company will therefore be represented by 1,115,076,651 common shares, all of which are registered and without par value.

c. Issuance of debentures
On March 19, 2021, our subsidiary Tequimar Vila do Conde Logística Portuária S.A. completed its first issuance of R$360 million nonconvertible unsecured debentures due on March 15, 2028 . The debentures bear semiannual interest of IPCA plus 4.04%. The issuer hedged its exposition by swapping the IPCA to 111.4% of DI.

On March 26, 2021, our subsidiary Terminal Químico de Aratu S.A. – Tequimar completed its second issuance of R$100 million nonconvertible unsecured debentures due on March 15, 2028 .The debentures bear semiannual interest of IPCA plus 4.37%. The issuer hedged its exposition by swapping the IPCA to 111.4% of DI.

d. Port concessions

On April 9, 2021, Ultracargo, was awarded the concession of IQI13 area in the Itaqui port, state of Maranhão, for storage and handling of liquid bulk products, specially fuels. The minimum installed capacity will be 79 thousand cubic meters. The area will be operated by Ultracargo for at least 20 years, according to the auction notice. The estimated investments regarding this port concession is approximately R$ 310 million, to be disbursed throughout the next six years.

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