Equity-Based Compensation (Tables)
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6 Months Ended |
Jun. 30, 2020 |
| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] |
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| Schedule of Restricted Stock Unit Activity |
Restricted Stock Unit (“RSU”) activity was as follows during the periods indicated: | | | | | | | | | | | | | Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 | | | | Restricted Stock Units | | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | | Unvested at beginning of period | — | | | $ | — | | | | | | | Granted | 511,537 | | | $ | 21.00 | | | | | | | Forfeited | (1,124) | | | $ | 21.00 | | | Unvested at June 30, 2020 | 510,413 | | | $ | 21.00 | |
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| Schedule of Unvested Options Activity |
Unvested Options activity was as follows during the periods indicated: | | | | | | | | | | | | | Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 | | | | Options | | Weighted Average Exercise Price | | Unvested at beginning of period | — | | | $ | — | | | Effect of Reorganization Transactions and IPO | 576,708 | | | $ | 21.00 | | | | | | | | | | | Forfeited | (7,165) | | | $ | 21.00 | | | Unvested at June 30, 2020 | 569,543 | | | $ | 21.00 | |
The aggregate intrinsic value and weighted average remaining contractual terms of Options outstanding and Options exercisable were as follows as of June 30, 2020. | | | | | | | June 30, 2020 | | Aggregate intrinsic value (in millions) | | | Unit Options outstanding | $ | 17.1 | | | Unit Options exercisable | $ | — | | | Weighted average remaining contractual life (in years) | | | Unit Options outstanding | 9.9 years | | Unit Options exercisable | N/A |
LTIP Unit activity was as follows during the periods indicated: | | | | | | | | | | | | | Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 | | | | LTIP Units | | Weighted Average Participation Threshold | | Unvested at beginning of period | — | | | $ | — | | | | | | | Granted | 47,620 | | | $ | 21.00 | | | | | | | | | | | Unvested at June 30, 2020 | 47,620 | | | $ | 21.00 | |
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| Schedule of Valuation Assumptions |
The fair value of Class A stock options was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumption ranges and fair value per unit: | | | | | | | Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 | | Volatility | 39.0% to 39.3% | | Expected life | 5.6 to 5.9 years | | Risk-free rate | 0.5% | | Fair value per unit | $21.00 |
The fair value of these Class P Units was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumption ranges and fair value per unit: | | | | | | | | | | | | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | | | 2020 | | 2019 | | Volatility | 39.9% | | 40.4% to 41.2% | | Expected life | 6.5 to 6.8 years | | 4 years | | Risk-free rate | 0.5% | | 1.8% to 2.5% | | Fair value per unit | $21.00 | | $5.20 to $9.04 |
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| Equity-based Units Activity |
HoldCo Units Unvested HoldCo Unit activity was as follows during the periods indicated: | | | | | | | | | | | | | Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 | | | | HoldCo Units | | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | | Unvested at beginning of period | — | | | $ | — | | | Effect of Reorganization Transactions and IPO | 1,332,239 | | | $ | 8.98 | | | | | | | Vested | (35,758) | | | $ | 5.43 | | | Forfeited | (6,262) | | | $ | 12.77 | | | Unvested at June 30, 2020 | 1,290,219 | | | $ | 9.06 | |
OpCo Units OpCo Unit activity was as follows during the periods indicated: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 | | | | Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 | | OpCo Units | | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | | OpCo Units | | Unvested at beginning of period | 228,819 | | | $ | 1.72 | | | 441,681 | | | Effect of Reorganization Transactions and IPO | (6,909) | | | $ | 10.48 | | | — | | | | | | | | | Vested | (162,218) | | | $ | 1.72 | | | (118,867) | | | Forfeited | (59,692) | | | $ | 0.68 | | | — | | | Unvested at June 30, 2020 | — | | | $ | — | | | 322,814 | |
Class P Units Class P Units were issued under both the prior and current LLC agreement of ZoomInfo OpCo. Class P Unit activity was as follows during the periods indicated: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 | | | | Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 | | Class P Units | | Weighted Average Participation Threshold | | Class P Units | | Unvested at beginning of period | 16,893,603 | | | $ | 6.19 | | | 5,716,467 | | | Effect of Reorganization Transactions and IPO | (1,950,930) | | | $ | 7.01 | | | — | | | Granted | 642,500 | | | $ | 21.00 | | | 7,376,918 | | | Vested | (3,504,844) | | | $ | 5.77 | | | — | | | Forfeited | (343,289) | | | $ | 6.56 | | | — | | | Unvested at June 30, 2020 | 11,737,040 | | | $ | 6.31 | | | 13,093,385 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 | | | | LTIP Units | | Weighted Average Participation Threshold | | Unvested at beginning of period | — | | | $ | — | | | | | | | Granted | 47,620 | | | $ | 21.00 | | | | | | | | | | | Unvested at June 30, 2020 | 47,620 | | | $ | 21.00 | |
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| Equity-Based Compensation Expense |
Including this extra charge as a result of completing the IPO, compensation expense incurred from all the equity-based incentive awards described above was the following (in millions): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Three Months Ended June 30, | | | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | | | 2020 | | 2019 | | 2020 | | 2019 | | (unaudited) | | | | (unaudited) | | | Cost of service and Operating expenses include equity-based compensation expenses as follows: | | | | | | | | | Cost of service | $ | 15.3 | | | $ | 0.7 | | | $ | 17.0 | | | $ | 1.9 | | | Sales and marketing | 32.0 | | | 1.4 | | | 38.4 | | | 4.1 | | | Research and development | 8.5 | | | 2.6 | | | 10.1 | | | 2.9 | | | General and administrative | 8.7 | | | 1.3 | | | 10.3 | | | 2.7 | | | Total equity-based compensation expense | $ | 64.5 | | | $ | 6.0 | | | $ | 75.8 | | | $ | 11.6 | |
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| Summary of Unamortized Equity-Based Compensation Costs |
As of June 30, 2020, unamortized equity-based compensation costs related to each equity-based incentive award described above is the following: | | | | | | | | | | | | | Amount | | Weighted Average Remaining Service Period (years) | | Restricted Stock Units | $ | 10.3 | | | 3.2 | | Class A Common Stock Options | 1.6 | | | 3.0 | | HoldCo Units | 9.2 | | | 2.9 | | Class P Units | 30.4 | | | 2.5 | | LTIP Units | 1.0 | | | 4.4 | | HSKB Incentive Units | 96.4 | | | 2.2 | | HSKB Phantom Units | 5.7 | | | 3.0 | | Total unamortized equity-based compensation cost | $ | 154.6 | | | 2.4 |
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| DiscoverOrg Holdings |
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| Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] |
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| Schedule of Valuation Assumptions |
The fair value of each grant was estimated on the date of the award using a Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumption ranges and fair value per unit: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Year Ended December 31, | | | | | | 2019 | | 2018 | | Risk free rate | | | 1.58% - 2.49% | | 2.49% - 2.82% | | Volatility of the underlying assets | | | 38.4% - 41.9% | | 39.1% - 41.2% | | Expected life | | | 4 years | | 4 years | | Marketability discount | | | (A) | | 29% | | Fair value per common unit | | | $5.20 - $14.36 | | $4.00 - $5.20 |
__________________ (A)In June 2019, the Company began to apply a probability weighted expected return method, where equity values were calculated using an option pricing model under an IPO and non-IPO scenarios and each value was weighted based on estimated probability of occurrence. For common units, an estimated time until a liquidation event of 1.5 - 4.0 years and a marketability discount of 13% - 25% was used, depending on an IPO or non-IPO scenarios. As of December 31, 2019, an 80% weight was applied to an IPO scenario.
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| Equity-based Units Activity |
The number and weighted-average grant date fair value for Common Units and Class P Incentive Units for key activities are as follows: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Common Units | | | | Class P Units | | | | Units | | Weighted Avg Grant Date Fair Value/Unit | | Units | | Weighted Avg Grant Date Fair Value/Unit | | Non-vested units at December 31, 2018 | 441,681 | | | $ | 0.43 | | | 5,716,467 | | | $ | 1.72 | | | Granted | — | | | $ | — | | | 13,310,663 | | | $ | 4.10 | | | Vested | (118,867) | | | $ | 0.22 | | | (280,563) | | | $ | 4.22 | | | Forfeited/Canceled | (93,995) | | | $ | 0.17 | | | (1,852,964) | | | $ | 2.08 | | Non-vested units at December 31, 2019 (1) | 228,819 | | | $ | 1.72 | | | 16,893,603 | | | $ | 3.52 | |
__________________ (1)During the year 24,872 units were modified when non-vested units were permitted to be retained by a separating employee without vesting or forfeiting as per the terms of the original agreement. The fair value of these Common units at the time of the modification was $10.48 per unit.
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| Equity-Based Compensation Expense |
The following table summarizes equity-based compensation expense related to all employee incentive unit awards including Class P Incentive Units, DOH Phantom Units, HSKB Grants, and HSKB Phantom Units (in millions): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Year Ended December 31, | | | | | | 2019 | | 2018 | Cost of service and Operating expenses include equity-based compensation expenses as follows: | | | | | | | Cost of service | | | $ | 4.0 | | | $ | 8.3 | | | Sales and marketing | | | 11.2 | | | 15.8 | | | Research and development | | | 4.7 | | | 1.1 | | | General and administrative | | | 5.2 | | | 7.5 | | | Total equity-based compensation expense | | | $ | 25.1 | | | $ | 32.7 | |
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