2. Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share

Accounting Standards Codification 260, Earnings Per Share, requires companies to treat unvested share-based payment awards that have non-forfeitable rights to dividends prior to vesting as a separate class of securities in calculating earnings per share. We have granted and expect to continue to grant to certain employees restricted stock grants that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends. Such grants are considered participating securities. Therefore, we are required to apply the two-class method in calculating earnings per share. The two-class method of computing earnings per share is an earnings allocation formula that determines earnings per share for each class of common stock and participating security according to dividends declared (or accumulated) and participation rights in undistributed earnings. The dilutive effect of participating securities is calculated using the more dilutive of the treasury method or the two-class method.

Basic earnings per common share was computed using the two-class method by dividing basic net earnings attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per common share was computed using the two-class method by dividing diluted net earnings attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding plus dilutive common equivalent shares. Dilutive common equivalent shares include all in-the-money outstanding options or other contracts to issue common stock as if they were exercised or converted. The application of the two-class method did not have a material impact on the earnings per share calculation for fiscal 2014 and 2013.

During fiscal 2015, all shares of outstanding options were included in the computation of diluted earnings per share. During fiscal 2014 and 2013, options to purchase 0.04 million shares and 0.50 million shares, respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because they were anti-dilutive. During fiscal 2015, restricted stock awards of 0.5 million, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because they were anti-dilutive.

The following table summarizes basic and diluted earnings per common share attributable to common stockholders:


	Year Ended April 30,
	2015		2014		2013
	(in thousands, except per share data)
Net income	$	88,357	$	72,691	$	33,293
Less: distributed and undistributed earnings to nonvested restricted stockholders		860		—		—

Basic net earnings attributable to common stockholders		87,497		72,691		33,293
Add: undistributed earnings to nonvested restricted stockholders		815		—		—
Less: reallocation of undistributed earnings to nonvested restricted stockholders		804		—		—

Diluted net earnings attributable to common stockholders	$	87,508	$	72,691	$	33,293

Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Basic weighted-average number of common shares outstanding		49,052		48,162		47,224
Effect of dilutive securities:
Restricted stock		605		789		485
Stock options		105		194		174
ESPP		4		—		—

Diluted weighted-average number of common shares outstanding		49,766		49,145		47,883

Net earnings per common share:
Basic earnings per share	$	1.78	$	1.51	$	0.71

Diluted earnings per share	$	1.76	$	1.48	$	0.70