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Revenue from contracts with customers | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2018
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract] |
Revenue from contracts with customers | Revenue is recognized when a performance obligation is satisfied by transferring control over a product or service to a customer. Revenue is measured based on consideration specified in a contract with a customer, and excludes any sales incentives and amounts collected on behalf of third parties. The Company is considered an agent for certain taxes collected from customers. As such, the Company presents revenues net of these taxes at the time of sale to be remitted to governmental authorities, including sales and use taxes. The electric and natural gas distribution segments generate revenue from the sales of electric and natural gas products and services, which includes retail and transportation services. These segments establish a customer's retail or transportation service account based on the customer's application/contract for service, which indicates approval of a contract for service. The contract identifies an obligation to provide service in exchange for delivering or standing ready to deliver the identified commodity; and the customer is obligated to pay for the service as provided in the applicable tariff. The product sales are based on a fixed rate that includes a base and per-unit rate, which are included in approved tariffs as determined by state or federal regulatory agencies. The quantity of the commodity consumed or transported determines the total per-unit revenue. The service provided, along with the product consumed or transported, are a single performance obligation because both are required in combination to successfully transfer the contracted product or service to the customer. Revenues are recognized over time as customers receive and consume the products and services. The method of measuring progress toward the completion of the single performance obligation is on a per-unit output method basis, with revenue recognized based on the direct measurement of the value to the customer of the goods or services transferred to date. For contracts governed by the Company’s utility tariffs, amounts are billed monthly with the amount due between 15 and 22 days of receipt of the invoice depending on the applicable state’s tariff. For other contracts not governed by tariff, payment terms are net thirty days. At this time, the segment has no material obligations for returns, refunds or other similar obligations. The pipeline and midstream segment generates revenue from providing natural gas transportation, gathering and underground storage services, as well as other energy-related services to both third parties and internal customers, largely the natural gas distribution segment. The pipeline and midstream segment establishes a contract with a customer based upon the customer’s request for firm or interruptible natural gas transportation, storage or gathering service(s). The contract identifies an obligation for the segment to provide the requested service(s) in exchange for consideration from the customer over a specified term. Depending on the type of service(s) requested and contracted, the service provided may include transporting, gathering or storing an identified quantity of natural gas and/or standing ready to deliver or store an identified quantity of natural gas. Natural gas transportation, gathering and storage revenues are based on fixed rates, which may include reservation fees and/or per-unit commodity rates. The services provided by the segment are generally treated as single performance obligations satisfied over time simultaneous to when the service is provided and revenue is recognized. Rates for the segment’s regulated services are based on its FERC approved tariff or customer negotiated rates on special projects, and rates for its non-regulated services are negotiated with its customers and set forth in the contract. For contracts governed by the company’s tariff, amounts are billed on or before the ninth business day of the following month and the amount is due within twelve days of receipt of the invoice. For gathering contracts not governed by the tariff, amounts are due within twenty days of invoice receipt. For other contracts not governed by the tariff, payment terms are net thirty days. At this time, the segment has no material obligations for returns, refunds or other similar obligations. The construction materials and contracting segment generates revenue from contracting services and construction materials sales. This segment focuses on the vertical integration of its contracting services with its construction materials to support the aggregate based product lines. This segment provides contracting services to a customer when a contract has been signed by both the customer and a representative of the segment obligating a service to be provided in exchange for the consideration identified in the contract. The nature of the services this segment provides generally includes integrating a set of services and related construction materials into a single project to create a distinct bundle of goods and services, which the Company evaluates to determine whether a separate performance obligation exists. The transaction price is the original contract price plus any subsequent change orders and variable consideration. Examples of variable consideration that exist in this segment's contracts include liquidated damages; performance bonuses or incentives and penalties; claims; unapproved/unpriced change orders; and index pricing. The variable amounts usually arise upon achievement of certain performance metrics or change in project scope. The Company estimates the amount of revenue to be recognized on variable consideration using estimation methods that best predict the most likely amount of consideration the Company expects to be entitled to or expects to incur. The Company includes variable consideration in the estimated transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur or when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. Changes in circumstances could impact management's estimates made in determining the value of variable consideration recorded. The Company updates its estimate of the transaction price each reporting period and the effect of variable consideration on the transaction price is recognized as an adjustment to revenue on a cumulative catch-up basis. Revenue is recognized over time using the input method based on the measurement of progress on a project. The input method is the preferred method of measuring revenue because the costs incurred have been determined to represent the best indication of the overall progress toward the transfer of such goods or services promised to a customer. This segment also sells construction materials to third parties and internal customers. The contract for material sales is the use of a sales order or an invoice, which includes the pricing and payment terms. All material contracts contain a single performance obligation for the delivery of a single distinct product or a distinct separately identifiable bundle of products and services. Revenue is recognized at a point in time when the performance obligation has been satisfied with the delivery of the products or services. The warranties associated with the sales are those consistent with a standard warranty that the product meets certain specifications for quality or those required by law. For most contracts, amounts billed to customers are due within thirty days of receipt. There are no material obligations for returns, refunds or other similar obligations. The construction services segment generates revenue from specialty contracting services which also includes the sale of construction equipment and other supplies. This segment provides specialty contracting services to a customer when a contract has been signed by both the customer and a representative of the segment obligating a service to be provided in exchange for the consideration identified in the contract. The nature of the services this segment provides generally includes multiple promised goods and services in a single project to create a distinct bundle of goods and services, which the Company evaluates to determine whether a separate performance obligation exists. The transaction price is the original contract price plus any subsequent change orders and variable consideration. Examples of variable consideration that exist in this segment's contracts include claims, unapproved/unpriced change orders, bonuses, incentives, penalties and liquidated damages. The variable amounts usually arise upon achievement of certain performance metrics or change in project scope. The Company estimates the amount of revenue to be recognized on variable consideration using estimation methods that best predict the most likely amount of consideration the Company expects to be entitled to or expects to incur. The Company includes variable consideration in the estimated transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur or when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. Changes in circumstances could impact management's estimates made in determining the value of variable consideration recorded. The Company updates its estimate of the transaction price each reporting period and the effect of variable consideration on the transaction price is recognized as an adjustment to revenue on a cumulative catch-up basis. Revenue is recognized over time using the input method based on the measurement of progress on a project. The input method is the preferred method of measuring revenue because the costs incurred have been determined to represent the best indication of the overall progress toward the transfer of such goods or services promised to a customer. This segment also sells construction equipment and other supplies to third parties and internal customers. The contract for these sales is the use of a sales order or invoice, which includes the pricing and payment terms. All such contracts include a single performance obligation for the delivery of a single distinct product or a distinct separately identifiable bundle of products and services. Revenue is recognized at a point in time when the performance obligation has been satisfied with the delivery of the products or services. The warranties associated with the sales are those consistent with a standard warranty that the product meets certain specifications for quality or those required by law. For most contracts, amounts billed to customers are due within thirty days of receipt. There are no material obligations for returns, refunds or other similar obligations. The Company recognizes all other revenues when services are rendered or goods are delivered. Disaggregation In the following table, revenue is disaggregated by the type of customer or service provided. The Company believes this level of disaggregation best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. The table also includes a reconciliation of the disaggregated revenue by reportable segments. For more information on the Company's business segments, see Note 14.
Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 | Electric |  | Natural gas distribution |  | Pipeline and midstream |  | Construction materials and contracting |  | Construction services |  | Other |  | Total |
| (in thousands)
Residential utility sales | $ | 31,424 |  | $ | 43,825 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 75,249 |
Commercial utility sales | 36,259 |  | 28,174 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 64,433 |
Industrial utility sales | 8,738 |  | 4,421 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 13,159 |
Other utility sales | 2,056 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 2,056 |
Natural gas transportation | — |  | 10,841 |  | 21,400 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 32,241 |
Natural gas gathering | — |  | — |  | 2,320 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 2,320 |
Natural gas storage | — |  | — |  | 2,795 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 2,795 |
Contracting services | — |  | — |  | — |  | 409,006 |  | — |  | — |  | 409,006 |
Construction materials | — |  | — |  | — |  | 538,962 |  | — |  | — |  | 538,962 |
Intrasegment eliminations* | — |  | — |  | — |  | (204,040 | ) | — |  | — |  | (204,040 | )
Inside specialty contracting | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 217,474 |  | — |  | 217,474 |
Outside specialty contracting | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 100,988 |  | — |  | 100,988 |
Other | 6,158 |  | 3,208 |  | 5,701 |  | — |  | 15 |  | 3,084 |  | 18,166 |
Intersegment eliminations | — |  | — |  | (3,187 | ) | (165 | ) | (782 | ) | (3,037 | ) | (7,171 | )
Revenues from contracts with customers | 84,635 |  | 90,469 |  | 29,029 |  | 743,763 |  | 317,695 |  | 47 |  | 1,265,638 |
Revenues out of scope | 1,445 |  | 1,779 |  | 42 |  | — |  | 11,883 |  | — |  | 15,149 |
Total external operating revenues | $ | 86,080 |  | $ | 92,248 |  | $ | 29,071 |  | $ | 743,763 |  | $ | 329,578 |  | $ | 47 |  | $ | 1,280,787 |
* | Intrasegment revenues are presented within the construction materials and contracting segment to highlight the focus on vertical integration as this segment sells materials to both third parties and internal customers. Due to consolidation requirements, these revenues must be eliminated against construction materials to arrive at the external operating revenue total for the segment.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 | Electric |  | Natural gas distribution |  | Pipeline and midstream |  | Construction materials and contracting |  | Construction services |  | Other |  | Total |
| (in thousands)
Residential utility sales | $ | 93,359 |  | $ | 305,399 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 398,758 |
Commercial utility sales | 103,636 |  | 185,885 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 289,521 |
Industrial utility sales | 25,734 |  | 17,457 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 43,191 |
Other utility sales | 5,766 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 5,766 |
Natural gas transportation | — |  | 32,104 |  | 64,505 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 96,609 |
Natural gas gathering | — |  | — |  | 6,900 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 6,900 |
Natural gas storage | — |  | — |  | 8,563 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 8,563 |
Contracting services | — |  | — |  | — |  | 730,628 |  | — |  | — |  | 730,628 |
Construction materials | — |  | — |  | — |  | 1,100,185 |  | — |  | — |  | 1,100,185 |
Intrasegment eliminations* | — |  | — |  | — |  | (363,877 | ) | — |  | — |  | (363,877 | )
Inside specialty contracting | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 667,664 |  | — |  | 667,664 |
Outside specialty contracting | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 283,432 |  | — |  | 283,432 |
Other | 22,836 |  | 10,821 |  | 13,353 |  | — |  | 32 |  | 8,536 |  | 55,578 |
Intersegment eliminations | — |  | — |  | (31,485 | ) | (501 | ) | (1,332 | ) | (8,343 | ) | (41,661 | )
Revenues from contracts with customers | 251,331 |  | 551,666 |  | 61,836 |  | 1,466,435 |  | 949,796 |  | 193 |  | 3,281,257 |
Revenues out of scope | 653 |  | 2,786 |  | 129 |  | — |  | 36,853 |  | — |  | 40,421 |
Total external operating revenues | $ | 251,984 |  | $ | 554,452 |  | $ | 61,965 |  | $ | 1,466,435 |  | $ | 986,649 |  | $ | 193 |  | $ | 3,321,678 |
* | Intrasegment revenues are presented within the construction materials and contracting segment to highlight the focus on vertical integration as this segment sells materials to both third parties and internal customers. Due to consolidation requirements, these revenues must be eliminated against construction materials to arrive at the external operating revenue total for the segment.
Contract balances The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. The timing of invoicing to customers does not necessarily correlate with the timing of revenues being recognized under the cost‐to‐cost method of accounting. Contracts from contracting services are billed as work progresses in accordance with agreed upon contractual terms. Generally, billing to the customer occurs contemporaneous to revenue recognition. A variance in timing of the billings may result in a contract asset or a contract liability. A contract asset occurs when revenues are recognized under the cost-to-cost measure of progress, which exceeds amounts billed on uncompleted contracts. Such amounts will be billed as standard contract terms allow, usually based on various measures of performance or achievement. A contract liability occurs when there are billings in excess of revenues recognized under the cost-to-cost measure of progress on uncompleted contracts. Contract liabilities decrease as revenue is recognized from the satisfaction of the related performance obligation. The changes in contract assets and liabilities were as follows:
| September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017 |  | Change |  | Location on Consolidated Balance Sheets
| (In thousands) |  |
Contract assets | $ | 142,376 |  | $ | 109,540 |  | $ | 32,836 |  | Receivables, net
Contract liabilities - current | (98,470 | ) | (84,123 | ) | (14,347 | ) | Accounts payable
Contract liabilities - noncurrent | (399 | ) | — |  | (399 | ) | Deferred credits and other liabilities - other
Net contract assets | $ | 43,507 |  | $ | 25,417 |  | $ | 18,090 |  |
At September 30, 2018, the Company's net contract assets increased $18.1 million compared to December 31, 2017. Included in the change of total net contract assets was an increase in contract assets due to revenue recognized in excess of billings on contracts and an increase in contract liabilities due to billings on contracts in excess of revenues recognized. The Company recognized $10.3 million and $79.2 million in revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, which was previously included in contract liabilities at December 31, 2017. The Company recognized a net decrease in revenues of $8.7 million and $3.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, from performance obligations satisfied in prior periods, which primarily resulted from changes in estimates of variable consideration on certain construction contracts.

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- Definition The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=49130388 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2122369 + Details
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