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Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Summary of Domestic and Foreign Pre-tax Loss | Domestic and foreign pre-tax loss is as follows (in thousands):
|  | Years Ended December 31, |
|  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |
Domestic |  | $ | (123,411 | ) |  | $ | (78,112 | ) |  | $ | (45,249 | )
Foreign |  |  | (110,972 | ) |  |  | (165,824 | ) |  |  | (243,035 | )
|  | $ | (234,383 | ) |  | $ | (243,936 | ) |  | $ | (288,284 | )
Components of Deferred Tax Assets | The components of the deferred tax assets are as follows (in thousands):
|  | December 31, |
|  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |
Deferred tax assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
NOL carryforwards |  |  | 182,948 |  |  |  | 170,476 |
R&D credit carryforwards |  |  | 48,069 |  |  |  | 32,984 |
Capitalized R&D |  |  | 7,607 |  |  |  | 7,421 |
Stock-based compensation |  |  | 45,440 |  |  |  | 45,492 |
Intangibles |  |  | 59,783 |  |  |  | — |
Charitable contributions |  |  | 18,303 |  |  |  | 8,530 |
Lease liabilities |  |  | 2,366 |  |  |  | — |
Other |  |  | 8,568 |  |  |  | 6,220 |
Total deferred tax assets |  |  | 373,084 |  |  |  | 271,123 |
Valuation allowance |  |  | (370,783 | ) |  |  | (271,123 | )
Deferred tax liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Right-of-use assets |  |  | (2,301 | ) |  |  | — |
Total deferred tax liabilities |  |  | (2,301 | ) |  |  | — |
Total net deferred tax assets |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Reconciliation of Income Taxes to Amount Computed by Applying Statutory Federal Income Tax Rate to Pretax Loss | A reconciliation of income taxes to the amount computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to the pretax loss is summarized as follows (in thousands):
|  | Years Ended December 31, |
|  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |
Amounts computed at statutory federal rate |  | $ | (49,365 | ) |  | $ | (51,226 | ) |  | $ | (98,016 | )
Stock-based compensation and other permanent differences |  |  | 6,070 |  |  |  | 3,432 |  |  |  | 1,341 |
R&D credits |  |  | (16,687 | ) |  |  | (7,941 | ) |  |  | (5,573 | )
Change in valuation allowance |  |  | 99,846 |  |  |  | 34,333 |  |  |  | (28,230 | )
State taxes |  |  | (2,138 | ) |  |  | (1,017 | ) |  |  | (26 | )
Contingencies |  |  | 1,861 |  |  |  | 2,938 |  |  |  | 360 |
Foreign rate differential |  |  | 20,413 |  |  |  | 20,896 |  |  |  | 61,480 |
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 68,889 |
Switzerland Tax Reform |  |  | (59,181 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Other |  |  | 57 |  |  |  | (159 | ) |  |  | 894 |
Income tax expense |  | $ | 876 |  |  | $ | 1,256 |  |  | $ | 1,119 |
Unrecognized Tax Benefits | The following table provides a reconciliation of changes in unrecognized tax benefits (in thousands):
|  | Years Ended December 31, |
|  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |
Balance at beginning of period |  | $ | 5,037 |  |  | $ | 1,933 |  |  | $ | 2,664 |
Additions related to current period tax positions |  |  | 1,908 |  |  |  | 3,104 |  |  |  | 361 |
Impact of Tax Cuts and Jobs Act |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1,092 | )
Balance at end of period |  | $ | 6,945 |  |  | $ | 5,037 |  |  | $ | 1,933 |

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