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Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Basis of Presentation | Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto as of and for the year ended December 31, 2019 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (“Annual Report”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, since they are interim statements, the accompanying financial statements do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, the accompanying financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) that are necessary for a fair statement of the financial position, results of operations, cash flows, and stockholders’ equity for the interim periods presented. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Risk and Uncertainties | Risk and Uncertainties The global pandemic resulting from the disease known as COVID-19, caused by a novel strain of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has caused national and global economic and financial market disruptions and has impacted the Company’s business, including by causing the vast majority of the Company’s workforce to work remotely since March 2020. Although the Company did not see a material impact on its net revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company cannot predict the duration or magnitude of the pandemic or the full impact that it may have on the Company’s financial condition, operations, suppliers, and workforce.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash | Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the statement of cash flows that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the statement of cash flows (in thousands):
|  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 |  |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 |
|  | Beginning of period |  |  | End of period |  |  | Beginning of period |  |  | End of period |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 189,680 |  |  | $ | 452,352 |  |  | $ | 134,758 |  |  | $ | 385,474 |
Restricted cash |  |  | 4,787 |  |  |  | 5,770 |  |  |  | 4,826 |  |  |  | 4,787 |
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the statement of cash flows |  | $ | 194,467 |  |  | $ | 458,122 |  |  | $ | 139,584 |  |  | $ | 390,261 |
Accounts Receivable | Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable are recorded net of customer allowances for distribution fees, prompt payment discounts, chargebacks, and credit losses. Allowances for distribution fees, prompt payment discounts and chargebacks are based on contractual terms. As described further in Note 10, Recent Accounting Pronouncements, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification 326-20, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (“ASC 326-20”) as of January 1, 2020. The Company estimated the current expected credit losses of its accounts receivable by assessing the risk of loss and available relevant information about the collectability, including historical credit losses, existing contractual payment terms, actual payment patterns of its customers, individual customer circumstances, and reasonable and supportable forecast of economic conditions expected to exist throughout the contractual life of the receivable. Based on its assessment, as of September 30, 2020 the Company determined that an allowance for credit loss was not required. Although the Company has not historically experienced significant credit losses, the Company’s exposure may increase due to uncertainties associated with the global economic recession and other disruptions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic.
License Fees and Royalties | License Fees and Royalties The Company expenses amounts paid to acquire licenses associated with products under development when the ultimate recoverability of the amounts paid is uncertain and the technology has no alternative future use when acquired. Acquisitions of technology licenses are charged to expense or capitalized based upon management’s assessment regarding the ultimate recoverability of the amounts paid and the potential for alternative future use. The Company has determined that technological feasibility for its product candidates is reached when the requisite regulatory approvals are obtained to make the product available for sale. In connection with the FDA approval of NUPLAZID in April 2016, the Company made a one-time milestone payment of $8.0 million pursuant to its 2006 license agreement with the Ipsen Group in which the Company licensed certain intellectual property rights that complement its patent portfolio for its serotonin platform, including NUPLAZID. The Company capitalized the $8.0 million payment as an intangible asset and is amortizing the asset on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the licensed patents through the second half of 2021. The Company recorded amortization expense related to its intangible asset of $0.4 million and $1.1 million for each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. As of September 30, 2020, estimated future amortization expense related to the Company’s intangible asset was $0.4 million for the remainder of 2020 and $1.1 million for 2021. Royalties incurred in connection with the Company’s license agreement with the Ipsen Group, as disclosed in Note 9, Commitments and Contingencies, are expensed to license fees and royalties as revenue from product sales is recognized.
Acquisitions | Acquisitions The Company accounts for acquisitions of an asset or group of similar identifiable assets that do not meet the definition of a business as asset acquisition using the cost accumulation method, whereby the cost of the acquisition, including certain transaction costs, is allocated to the assets acquired on the basis of their relative fair values. No goodwill is recognized in an asset acquisition. Intangible assets acquired in an asset acquisition for use in research and development activities which have no alternative future use are expensed as in-process research and development on the acquisition date. Intangible assets acquired for use in research and development activities which have an alternative future use are capitalized as in-process research and development. Future costs to develop these assets are recorded to research and development expense as they are incurred. Contingent milestone payments associated with asset acquisitions are recognized when probable and estimable. These amounts are expensed to research and development if there is no alternative future use associated with the asset, or capitalized as an intangible asset if alternative future use of the asset exists.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements | In June 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which changes the impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments. For trade receivables and other instruments, entities will be required to use a new forward-looking expected loss model that generally will result in the earlier recognition of allowances for losses. For available-for-sale debt securities with unrealized losses, the losses will be recognized as allowances rather than as reductions in the amortized cost of the securities. This guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those years, with early adoption permitted only as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. In April 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-04, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments, which, among other things, provides entities with practical expedients and policy elections related to the presentation and disclosure of accrued interest and the related allowance for credit losses and clarifies how to disclose line-of-credit arrangements that are converted to term loans in the vintage table disclosure. ASU 2019-04 has the same effective date as the new credit impairment standard for entities that have not yet adopted the standard. For entities that early adopted the new credit impairment standard, ASU 2019-04 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods therein. Entities that early adopted the new credit impairment standard may early adopt ASU 2019-04. The Company adopted the above standards on January 1, 2020. The adoption of the new standards did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12 Income Taxes (Topic 740), Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The FASB issued this ASU as part of its Simplification Initiative to improve areas of GAAP and reduce cost and complexity while maintaining usefulness. The main provision that impacts the Company is the removal of the exception to the incremental approach of intra-period tax allocation when there is a loss from continuing operations and income or gain from other items (for example, discontinued operations and other comprehensive income). ASU 2019-12 is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company has elected to early adopt ASU 2019-12 as of the beginning of 2020, however, there is no cumulative effect to be recognized with the early adoption and no material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

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- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for completed business combinations (purchase method, acquisition method or combination of entities under common control). This accounting policy may include a general discussion of the purchase method or acquisition method of accounting (including for example, the treatment accorded contingent consideration, the identification of assets and liabilities, the purchase price allocation process, how the fair values of acquired assets and liabilities are determined) and the entity's specific application thereof. An entity that acquires another entity in a leveraged buyout transaction generally discloses the accounting policy followed by the acquiring entity in determining the basis used to value its interest in the acquired entity, and the rationale for that accounting policy. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 805 -SubTopic 10 -Section 05 -Paragraph 4 -Subparagraph (a)-(d) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6909625&loc=d3e227-128457 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 3 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84158767&loc=d3e18780-107790 + Details
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