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Employee Future Benefits | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2024
Employee Benefits [Abstract] |
Employee Future Benefits | Employee Future Benefits A. Description The Company sponsors registered pension plans in Canada and the U.S. covering substantially all employees of the Company in both countries and specific named employees working internationally. These plans have defined benefit and defined contribution options and in Canada there is an additional non-registered supplemental plan for eligible employees whose annual earnings exceed the Canadian income tax limit. Except for the Highvale pension plan acquired in 2013, the Canadian and U.S. defined benefit pension plans are closed to new entrants. The U.S. defined benefit pension plan was frozen effective Dec. 31, 2010, resulting in no future benefits being earned. The supplemental pension plan was closed as of Dec. 31, 2015, and a new defined contribution supplemental pension plan commenced for executive members effective Jan. 1, 2016. Current executives as of Dec. 31, 2015, were grandfathered into the old supplemental plan. The Company's U.S. defined benefit pension plan was terminated effective June 30, 2024 and annuitized in October 2024. The latest actuarial valuation for accounting purposes of the U.S. defined benefit pension plan was at Jan. 1, 2023. The latest actuarial valuation for accounting purposes of the Highvale pension plan was at Dec. 31, 2022. The latest actuarial valuation for accounting purposes of the Registered Supplemental, and Other Canadian pension plans were at Dec. 31, 2021, Dec. 31, 2022 and Dec. 31, 2023, respectively. The measurement date used for all plans to determine the fair value of plan assets and the present value of the defined benefit obligation was Dec. 31, 2024. Funding of the registered pension plans complies with applicable regulations that require actuarial valuations of the pension funds at least once every three years in Canada, or more, depending on funding status and every year in the U.S.. The supplemental pension plan is solely the obligation of the Company. The Company is not obligated to fund the supplemental plan but is obligated to pay benefits under the terms of the plan as they come due. The Company posted a letter of credit in March 2024 in the amount of $90 million, and provided $62 million in surety bonds, to secure the obligations under the supplemental plan and the Canadian defined benefit plan, respectively. The Company provides other health and dental benefits to certain eligible employees to the age of 65 for both disabled members and retired members through its other post-employment benefits plans. The measurement date used to determine the present value obligation for both plans was Dec. 31, 2024. The Company provides several defined contribution plans, including the acquired Heartland plan, an Australian superannuation plan and a U.S. 401(k) savings plan, that provide for company contributions from five to 11.5 per cent, depending on the plan. Optional employee contributions are allowed for all the defined contribution plans. B. Costs Recognized The costs recognized in net earnings during the year on the defined benefit, defined contribution and other post-employment benefits plans are as follows:
Year ended Dec. 31, 2024 | Registered | Supplemental | Other | Total
Current service cost | 1 |  | 1 |  | 1 |  | 3 |
Administration expenses | 1 |  | — |  | — |  | 1 |
Interest cost on defined benefit obligation | 14 |  | 4 |  | 1 |  | 19 |
Interest on plan assets | (12) |  | (1) |  | — |  | (13) |
Defined benefit expense | 4 |  | 4 |  | 2 |  | 10 |
Defined contribution expense | 12 |  | — |  | — |  | 12 |
Net expense | 16 |  | 4 |  | 2 |  | 22 |
Year ended Dec. 31, 2023 | Registered | Supplemental | Other | Total
Current service cost | 1 |  | 1 |  | — |  | 2 |
Administration expenses | 1 |  | — |  | — |  | 1 |
Interest cost on defined benefit obligation | 16 |  | 4 |  | 1 |  | 21 |
Interest on plan assets | (13) |  | (1) |  | — |  | (14) |
Defined benefit expense | 5 |  | 4 |  | 1 |  | 10 |
Defined contribution expense | 11 |  | — |  | — |  | 11 |
Net expense | 16 |  | 4 |  | 1 |  | 21 |
Year ended Dec. 31, 2022 | Registered | Supplemental | Other | Total
Current service cost | 1 |  | 1 |  | — |  | 2 |
Administration expenses | 1 |  | — |  | — |  | 1 |
Interest cost on defined benefit obligation | 13 |  | 3 |  | — |  | 16 |
Interest on plan assets | (9) |  | — |  | — |  | (9) |
Defined benefit expense | 6 |  | 4 |  | — |  | 10 |
Defined contribution expense | 11 |  | — |  | — |  | 11 |
Net expense | 17 |  | 4 |  | — |  | 21 |
C. Status of Plans The status of the defined benefit pension and other post-employment benefit plans is as follows:
Year ended Dec. 31, 2024 | Registered | Supplemental | Other | Total
Fair value of plan assets | 241 |  | 16 |  | — |  | 257 |
Present value of defined benefit obligation | (303) |  | (90) |  | (18) |  | (411) |
Funded status – plan deficit | (62) |  | (74) |  | (18) |  | (154) |
Amount recognized in the Consolidated Financial Statements: |  |  |  |
Accrued current liabilities | (1) |  | (6) |  | (1) |  | (8) |
Other long-term liabilities | (61) |  | (68) |  | (17) |  | (146) |
Total amount recognized | (62) |  | (74) |  | (18) |  | (154) |
Year ended Dec. 31, 2023 | Registered | Supplemental | Other | Total
Fair value of plan assets | 269 |  | 15 |  | — |  | 284 |
Present value of defined benefit obligation | (340) |  | (89) |  | (17) |  | (446) |
Funded status – plan deficit | (71) |  | (74) |  | (17) |  | (162) |
Amount recognized in the Consolidated Financial Statements: |  |  |  |
Accrued current liabilities | (1) |  | (5) |  | (1) |  | (7) |
Other long-term liabilities | (70) |  | (69) |  | (16) |  | (155) |
Total amount recognized | (71) |  | (74) |  | (17) |  | (162) |
D. Plan Assets The fair value of the plan assets of the defined benefit pension and other post-employment benefit plans is as follows:
| Registered | Supplemental | Other | Total
As at Dec. 31, 2022 | 274 |  | 15 |  | — |  | 289 |
Interest on plan assets | 13 |  | 1 |  | — |  | 14 |
Net return on plan assets | 15 |  | (1) |  | — |  | 14 |
Contributions(1) | 5 |  | 6 |  | 2 |  | 13 |
Benefits paid | (36) |  | (6) |  | (2) |  | (44) |
Administration expenses | (1) |  | — |  | — |  | (1) |
Change in foreign exchange rates | (1) |  | — |  | — |  | (1) |
As at Dec. 31, 2023 | 269 |  | 15 |  | — |  | 284 |
Interest on plan assets | 12 |  | 1 |  | — |  | 13 |
Net return on plan assets | 13 |  | (1) |  | — |  | 12 |
Contributions | 1 |  | 6 |  | 1 |  | 8 |
Benefits paid | (31) |  | (5) |  | (1) |  | (37) |
Administration expenses | (1) |  | — |  | — |  | (1) |
Effect of settlement from annuitization of the U.S. defined benefit plan (Note 27) | (23) |  | — |  | — |  | (23) |
Change in foreign exchange rates | 1 |  | — |  | — |  | 1 |
As at Dec. 31, 2024 | 241 |  | 16 |  | — |  | 257 |
(1)The Company made a voluntary contribution of nil (2023 — $4 million) to further improve the funded status of the U.S. defined benefit pension plan for the Centralia thermal facility. The fair value of the Company’s defined benefit plan assets by major category is as follows:
As at Dec. 31, 2024 | Level I | Level II | Level III | Total
Equity securities |  |  |  |
Canadian | — |  | 12 |  | — |  | 12 |
International | — |  | 53 |  | — |  | 53 |
Private | — |  | — |  | 1 |  | 1 |
Bonds |  |  |  |
A - AAA | — |  | 18 |  | 81 |  | 99 |
BBB | — |  | 1 |  | 16 |  | 17 |
Below BBB | — |  | — |  | 5 |  | 5 |
Loans(1) | — |  | 1 |  | — |  | 1 |
Other |  |  |  |
Alternative funds(2) | — |  | — |  | 46 |  | 46 |
Money market and cash and cash equivalents | 2 |  | 19 |  | 2 |  | 23 |
Total | 2 |  | 104 |  | 151 |  | 257 |
(1)Includes A credit rating loans of $1 million. (2)Alternative funds include investments in infrastructure and real estate funds.
As at Dec. 31, 2023 | Level I | Level II | Level III | Total
Equity securities |  |  |  |
Canadian | — |  | 12 |  | — |  | 12 |
U.S. | — |  | 6 |  | — |  | 6 |
International | — |  | 86 |  | — |  | 86 |
Private | — |  | — |  | 1 |  | 1 |
Bonds |  |  |  |
A - AAA | — |  | 30 |  | 62 |  | 92 |
BBB | 1 |  | 5 |  | 10 |  | 16 |
Below BBB | — |  | — |  | 4 |  | 4 |
Loans(1) | — |  | 2 |  | — |  | 2 |
Other |  |  |  |
Alternative funds(2) | — |  | — |  | 44 |  | 44 |
Money market and cash and cash equivalents | 2 |  | 19 |  | — |  | 21 |
Total | 3 |  | 160 |  | 121 |  | 284 |
(1)Includes A credit rating loans of $1 million. (2)Alternative funds include investments in infrastructure and real estate funds. Plan assets do not include any common shares of the Company at Dec. 31, 2024 and Dec. 31, 2023. E. Defined Benefit Obligation The present value of the obligation for the defined benefit pension and other post-employment benefit plans is as follows:
| Registered | Supplemental | Other | Total
Present value of defined benefit obligation as at Dec. 31, 2022 | 345 |  | 85 |  | 17 |  | 447 |
Current service cost | 1 |  | 1 |  | — |  | 2 |
Interest cost | 16 |  | 4 |  | 1 |  | 21 |
Benefits paid | (36) |  | (6) |  | (2) |  | (44) |
Actuarial gain arising from demographic assumptions | 1 |  | — |  | — |  | 1 |
Actuarial gain arising from financial assumptions | 12 |  | 4 |  | 1 |  | 17 |
Actuarial gain arising from experience adjustments | 2 |  | 1 |  | — |  | 3 |
Change in foreign exchange rates | (1) |  | — |  | — |  | (1) |
Present value of defined benefit obligation as at Dec. 31, 2023 | 340 |  | 89 |  | 17 |  | 446 |
Current service cost | 1 |  | — |  | 1 |  | 2 |
Interest cost | 14 |  | 4 |  | 1 |  | 19 |
Benefits paid | (31) |  | (5) |  | (1) |  | (37) |
Actuarial gain arising from financial assumptions | 1 |  | 1 |  | — |  | 2 |
Actuarial gain arising from experience adjustments | — |  | 1 |  | — |  | 1 |
Effect of settlement from the termination of the U.S. defined benefit plan (Note 27) | (23) |  | — |  | — |  | (23) |
Change in foreign exchange rates | 1 |  | — |  | — |  | 1 |
Present value of defined benefit obligation as at Dec. 31, 2024(1) | 303 |  | 90 |  | 18 |  | 411 |
(1)The weighted average duration of the defined benefit plan obligation as at Dec. 31, 2024, is 9.8 years. F. Contributions The expected employer contributions for 2025 for the defined benefit pension and other post-employment benefit plans are as follows:
| Registered | Supplemental | Other | Total
Expected employer contributions | 1 |  | 6 |  | 1 |  | 8 |
G. Assumptions The significant actuarial assumptions used in measuring the Company’s defined benefit obligation for the defined benefit pension and other post-employment benefit plans are as follows:
| 2024 |  | 2023
As at Dec. 31 (per cent) | Registered | Supplemental | Other |  | Registered | Supplemental | Other
Accrued benefit obligation |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discount rate | 4.5 |  | 4.5 |  | 4.8 |  |  | 4.6 |  | 4.6 |  | 4.7 |
Rate of compensation increase | 2.9 |  | 3.0 |  | — |  |  | 2.9 |  | 3.0 |  | — |
Assumed health-care cost trend rate |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Health-care cost escalation(1)(3) | — |  | — |  | 6.7 |  |  | — |  | — |  | 6.8 |
Dental-care cost escalation | — |  | — |  | 4.1 |  |  | — |  | — |  | 4.2 |
Benefit cost for the year |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discount rate | 4.6 |  | 4.6 |  | 4.7 |  |  | 5.0 |  | 5.0 |  | 5.0 |
Rate of compensation increase | 2.9 |  | 3.0 |  | — |  |  | 2.7 |  | 3.0 |  | — |
Assumed health-care cost trend rate |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Health-care cost escalation(2)(4) | — |  | — |  | 6.7 |  |  | — |  | — |  | 7.1 |
Dental-care cost escalation | — |  | — |  | 4.6 |  |  | — |  | — |  | 4.7 |
(1)2024 Post- and pre-65 rates: decreasing gradually to 4.5 per cent by 2034 and remaining at that level thereafter for the U.S. and decreasing gradually by 0.3 per cent per year to 4.5 per cent in 2030 for Canada. (2)2024 Post- and pre-65 rates: decreasing gradually to 4.5 per cent by 2033 and remaining at that level thereafter for the U.S. and decreasing gradually by 0.3 per cent per year to 4.5 per cent in 2030 for Canada. (3)2023 Post- and pre-65 rates: decreasing gradually to 4.5 per cent by 2033 and remaining at that level thereafter for the U.S. and decreasing gradually by 0.3 per cent per year to 4.5 per cent in 2030 for Canada. (4)2023 Post- and pre-65 rates: decreasing gradually to 4.5 per cent by 2032 and remaining at that level thereafter for the U.S. and decreasing gradually by 0.3 per cent per year to 4.5 per cent in 2030 for Canada. H. Sensitivity Analysis The following table outlines the estimated increase in the net defined benefit obligation assuming certain changes in key assumptions:
| Canadian plans |  | U.S. plans
As at Dec. 31, 2024 | Registered | Supplemental | Other |  | Pension |
1% decrease in the discount rate | 28 |  | 10 |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |
1% increase in the salary scale | 1 |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |
1% increase in the health-care cost trend rate | — |  | — |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |
10% improvement in mortality rates | 14 |  | 3 |  | — |  |  | — |  |

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