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Financial Instruments And Risks (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Financial Instruments And Risks [Abstract]  
Summary of Illustrates the Impact of an Appreciation or Depreciation
The table below illustrates the impact of an appreciation or depreciation of RMB spot and forward rates against USD by 5% on the Group’s profit before income tax expenses.
 
    
As of December 31,
 
    
2021
    
2022
 
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
 
5% appreciation of RMB
     699,049        (124,798
5% depreciation of RMB
     (699,049      124,798  
Summary of out the Group's Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities Exposed to Interest Rate Risk
The following table sets out the Group’s financial assets and financial liabilities exposed to interest rate risk by repricing date, contractual maturity date or expected maturity date (whichever is the earlier):
 
    
As of December 31, 2021
 
    
Less than

3 months
    
3 months to

1 year
    
1-2
years
    
2-3
years
    
More than

3 years
    
Overdue
    
No interest
    
Total
 
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
 
ASSETS
                                                                       
Cash at bank
     29,263,128        70,579        363,691        1,538,551        3,507,239        —          —          34,743,188  
Restricted cash
     27,792,006        554,499        1,786,219        306,371        14,444        —          —          30,453,539  
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
     12,544,935        3,459,334        919,458        262,969        —          1,164,095        12,672,420        31,023,211  
Financial assets at amortized cost
     1,168,502        500,740        920,815        107,676        —          1,086,880        —          3,784,613  
Financial assets purchased under reverse repurchase agreements
     5,527,177        —          —          —          —          —          —          5,527,177  
Accounts and other receivables and contract assets
     —          —          —          —          —          —          22,344,773        22,344,773  
Loans to customers
     51,563,466        98,295,888        51,345,667        11,182,096        1,002        2,583,991        —          214,972,110  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total financial assets
     127,859,214        102,881,040        55,335,850        13,397,663        3,522,685        4,834,966        35,017,193        342,848,611  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
 

    
As of December 31, 2021
 
    
Less than

3 months
   
3 months to

1 year
   
1-2
years
   
2-3
years
    
More than

3 years
    
Overdue
    
No interest
    
Total
 
    
RMB’000
   
RMB’000
   
RMB’000
   
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
 
LIABILITIES
                                                                    
Payable to platform investors
     —         —         —         —          —          —          2,747,891        2,747,891  
Borrowings
     13,074,069       12,853,348       —         —          —          —          —          25,927,417  
Accounts and other payables and contract liabilities
     —         —         —         —          —          —          8,814,255        8,814,255  
Payable to investors of consolidated structured entities
     46,086,474       95,848,045       48,048,309       5,463,312        —          —          —          195,446,140  
Financing guarantee liabilities
     —         —         —         —          —          —          2,697,109        2,697,109  
Lease liabilities
     141,719       322,317       238,250       83,166        9,092        —          —          794,544  
Convertible promissory note payable
     —         —         10,669,498       —          —          —          —          10,669,498  
Optionally convertible promissory notes
     —         —         7,405,103       —          —          —          —          7,405,103  
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total financial liabilities
     59,302,262       109,023,710       66,361,160       5,546,478        9,092        —          14,259,255        254,501,957  
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Nominal amount of interest rate swap
     (8,224,653     —         8,224,653       —          —          —          —          —    
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total interest rate sensitivity gap
     76,781,605       (6,142,670     (19,249,963     7,851,185        3,513,593        4,834,966        20,757,938        88,346,654  
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
    
As of December 31, 2022
 
    
Less than

3 months
    
3 months to
1 year
    
1-2
years
    
2-3
years
    
More than

3 years
    
Overdue
    
No interest
    
Total
 
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
 
ASSETS
                                                                       
Cash at bank
     33,218,805        42,142        1,602,690        3,490,181        5,528,309        —          —          43,882,127  
Restricted cash
     24,333,782        1,544,978        482,037        147,478        356        —          —          26,508,631  
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
     7,128,410        1,131,041        313,221        —          —          2,454,227        18,062,548        29,089,447  
Financial assets at amortized cost
     2,502,673        647,026        112,128        856,808        —          597,813        —          4,716,448  
Accounts and other receivables and contract assets
     —          —          —          —          —          —          15,758,135        15,758,135  
Loans to customers
     51,150,197        95,812,445        49,552,823        9,616,373        158,248        5,156,559        —          211,446,645  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total financial assets
  
 
118,333,867
 
  
 
99,177,632
 
  
 
52,062,899
 
  
 
14,110,840
 
  
 
5,686,913
 
  
 
8,208,599
 
  
 
33,820,683
 
  
 
331,401,433
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
 

    
As of December 31, 2022
 
    
Less than

3 months
   
3 months to
1 year
   
1-2
years
    
2-3
years
    
More than

3 years
    
Overdue
    
No interest
    
Total
 
    
RMB’000
   
RMB’000
   
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
 
LIABILITIES
                                                                     
Payable to platform investors
     —         —         —          —          —          —          1,569,367        1,569,367  
Borrowings
     9,086,732       27,828,781       —          —          —          —          —          36,915,513  
Bond payable
     —         2,143,348       —          —          —          —          —          2,143,348  
Accounts and other payables and contract liabilities
     3,745,929       —         —          —          —          —          5,385,010        9,130,939  
Payable to investors of consolidated structured entities
     42,664,737       86,300,977       44,005,269        4,111,964        64,779        —          —          177,147,726  
Financing guarantee liabilities
     —         —         —          —          —          —          5,763,369        5,763,369  
Lease liabilities
     126,034       294,856       253,475        67,629        6,813        —          —          748,807  
Convertible promissory note payable
     —         —         —          —          5,164,139        —          —          5,164,139  
Optionally convertible promissory notes
     —         8,142,908       —          —          —          —          —          8,142,908  
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total financial liabilities
  
 
55,623,432
 
 
 
124,710,870
 
 
 
44,258,744
 
  
 
4,179,593
 
  
 
5,235,731
 
  
 
—  
 
  
 
12,717,746
 
  
 
246,726,116
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Nominal amount of interest rate swap
     (8,984,334     8,984,334       —          —          —          —          —          —    
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total interest rate sensitivity gap
  
 
71,694,769
 
 
 
(34,517,572
 
 
7,804,155
 
  
 
9,931,247
 
  
 
451,182
 
  
 
8,208,599
 
  
 
21,102,937
 
  
 
84,675,317
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Summary of Impact to Profit Before Tax on the Structure of Interest-bearing Assets and Liabilities
The table below illustrates the impact to profit before tax of the coming year as of each reporting date based on the structure of interest-bearing assets, liabilities and interest rate derivative instruments as of December 31, 2021 and 2022, caused by a parallel shift of 100 basis points in interest rates.
 
    
As of December 31,
 
    
2021
    
2022
 
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
 
Change in interest rate
                 
-100 basis points
     (648,804      (497,888
+100 basis points
     648,804        497,888  
Summary of Credit Exposure of the Group The following table sets forth the credit exposure of the Group as of December 31, 2021 and 2022:
 
    
As of December 31,
 
    
2021
    
2022
 
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
 
On-balance
sheet
                 
Cash at bank
     34,743,188        43,882,127  
Restricted cash
     30,453,539        26,508,631  
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
     31,023,211        29,089,447  
Financial assets at amortized cost
     3,784,613        4,716,448  
Financial assets purchased under reverse repurchase agreements
     5,527,177        —    
Accounts and other receivables and contract assets
     22,344,773        15,758,135  
Loans to customers
     214,972,110        211,446,645  
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
       342,848,611        331,401,433  
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Off-balance
sheet
                 
Financing guarantee contracts
     64,731,369        68,502,938  
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Summary of Macro Economic Assumptions used to Estimate Expected Credit Losses
The Group considered different macroeconomic scenarios. As of December 31, 2021 and 2022, the key macroeconomic assumptions used to estimate expected credit losses are listed below.
 
    
As of December 31,
 
    
2021
  
2022
 
GDP – year on year percentage change
  
5.0%-6.2%
    
3.8%-5.5%
 
CPI – year on year percentage change
  
2.3%-2.6%
    
2.0%-2.4%
 
Broad measure of money supply (M1) – year on year percentage change
  
8.1%-9.1%
    
7.3%-8.6%
 
Summary of Changes of ECL Impairment Provision on Loans to Customers and Financing Guarantee liabilities Related to ECL Assuming the Financial Assets
The following table shows the changes of ECL impairment provision on loans to customers and financing guarantee liabilities related to ECL assuming the financial assets in stage 2 reclassified to stage 1 due to significant improvement in credit risk.
 
    
As of December 31,
 
    
2021
   
2022
 
    
RMB’000
   
RMB’000
 
Total ECL and financing guarantee liabilities under assumption of reclassification of financial instruments from stage 2 to stage 1
     4,897,881       10,479,472  
Total ECL and financing guarantee liabilities related to ECL recognized in the consolidated balance sheet
     5,450,980       12,826,347  
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Difference-amount
     (553,099     (2,346,875
Difference-ratio
     -10     -18
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Summary of Credit Risk Exposure of the Financial Instruments under the Scope of Expected Credit Loss
The following presents the credit risk exposure of the financial instruments under the scope of expected credit loss mentioned in measurement of ECL without considering guarantee or any other credit enhancement measures:
 
 
    
As of December 31, 2021
 
    
Stage I
    
Stage II
    
Stage III
    
POCI
    
Maximum
Credit Risk
Exposure
 
(in RMB’000)
Book value
On-balance
sheet
                                            
Financial assets at amortized cost
     2,697,852        —          584,739        502,022        3,784,613  
Loans to customers
     213,665,161        1,263,965        42,984        —          214,972,110  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total
     216,363,013        1,263,965        627,723        502,022        218,756,723  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Off-balance
sheet
                                            
Financing guarantee contracts
     64,416,918        314,451        —          —          64,731,369  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
    
As of December 31, 2022
 
    
Stage I
    
Stage II
    
Stage III
    
POCI
    
Maximum
Credit Risk
Exposure
 
(in RMB’000)
Book value
On-balance
sheet
                                            
Financial assets at amortized cost
     4,118,635        —          281,531        316,282        4,716,448  
Loans to customers
     208,609,176        2,763,586        73,883        —          211,446,645  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total
     212,727,811        2,763,586        355,414        316,282        216,163,093  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Off-balance
sheet
                                            
Financing guarantee contracts
     67,011,692        1,491,246        —          —          68,502,938  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Summary of Liquidity Risk The following table analyses the Group’s financial liabilities into relevant maturity grouping based on the remaining period at the end of each reporting period to the contractual or expected maturity date. The amounts disclosed in the table are undiscounted contractual or expected cash flows including interest payments computed using contractual rates, or, if floating, based on current rates, and interests with financial liabilities denominated in foreign currencies translated into RMB using the spot rate as of balance sheet date:
 
 
    
As of December 31, 2021
 
    
Repayable
on demand
or undated
    
Within 1 year
    
1 to 2 years
    
2 to 3 years
    
Over 3 years
    
Total
 
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
 
Financial liabilities -
                                                     
Payable to platform investors
     2,747,891        —          —          —          —          2,747,891  
Borrowings
     —          16,717,997        9,628,462        —          —          26,346,459  
Accounts and other payables and contract liabilities
     8,814,255        —          —          —          —          8,814,255  
Payable to investors of consolidated structured entities
     45,628        148,079,478        49,505,033        5,570,774        —          203,200,913  
Financing guarantee liabilities
     64,731,369        —          —          —          —          64,731,369  
Lease liabilities
     —          484,497        248,770        85,180        9,329        827,776  
Convertible promissory note payable
     —          91,869        12,502,777        —          —          12,594,646  
Optionally convertible promissory notes
     —          442,840        7,823,510        —          —          8,266,350  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
       76,339,143        165,816,681        79,708,552        5,655,954        9,329        327,529,659  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
    
As of December 31, 2022
 
    
Repayable
on demand
or undated
    
Within 1 year
    
1 to 2 years
    
2 to 3 years
    
Over 3 years
    
Total
 
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
 
Financial liabilities -
                                                     
Payable to platform investors
     1,569,367        —          —          —          —          1,569,367  
Borrowings
     —          37,506,884        —          —          —          37,506,884  
Bond payable
     —          2,209,274        —          —          —          2,209,274  
Accounts and other payables and contract liabilities
     5,385,010        3,745,929        —          —          —          9,130,939  
Payable to investors of consolidated structured entities
     47,351        133,933,056        45,293,609        4,182,362        65,607        183,521,985  
Financing guarantee liabilities
     68,502,938        —          —          —          —          68,502,938  
Lease liabilities
     —          462,785        247,494        67,737        6,819        784,835  
Convertible promissory note payable
     —          50,177        50,177        50,177        6,867,555        7,018,086  
Optionally convertible promissory notes
     —          8,546,138        —          —          —          8,546,138  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
    
 
75,504,666
 
  
 
186,454,243
 
  
 
45,591,280
 
  
 
4,300,276
 
  
 
6,939,981
 
  
 
318,790,446
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Summary of Group's Maximum Exposure to Structured Entities
    
As of December 31, 2021
 
(In RMB’000)
  
Size
    
Carrying
amount of
investment
in structured
entities
    
Group’s
maximum
exposure
    
Interest held by
Group
 
Unconsolidated structured products managed by third parties (a)
     NA        8,661,387        8,661,387        Investment income  
Unconsolidated structured products managed by affiliated entities (a)
     NA        12,219,226        12,219,226        Investment income  
Unconsolidated structured products serviced by the Group.
     18,178,437        —          1,428,320        Service fees  
 
    
As of December 31, 2022
 
(In RMB’000)
  
Size
    
Carrying amount
of investment in
structured entities
    
Group’s
maximum
exposure
    
Interest held by
Group
 
Unconsolidated structured products managed by third parties (a)
     NA        17,312,195        17,312,195        Investment income  
Unconsolidated structured products managed by affiliated entities (a)
     NA        8,321,066        8,321,066        Investment income  
Unconsolidated structured products serviced by the Group.
     2,581,999        —          1,849,897        Service fee  
Summary of Fair Value Estimation
The following table sets forth the financial instruments recorded at fair value by level of the fair value hierarchy:
 
 
As of December 31, 2021
  
Level 1
    
Level 2
    
Level 3
    
Total
 
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
 
Unlisted Securities
                                   
Asset management plans
     —          7,802,270        505,503        8,307,773  
Trust plans
     —          2,448,373        603,716        3,052,089  
Private fund and other equity investments
     —          2,765,016        —          2,765,016  
Mutual funds
     2,486,541        —          —          2,486,541  
Corporate bonds
     —          3,017,849        47,023        3,064,872  
Bank wealth management products
     —          4,589,101        —          4,589,101  
Structured deposits
     —          6,640,977        —          6,640,977  
Others debt investments
     —          —          108,991        108,991  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Listed Securities
                                   
Stock
     7,851        —          —          7,851  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Derivative instruments
                                   
Interest rate swap
     —          38,403        —          38,403  
Foreign currency swap
     —          (25,772      —          (25,772
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total
  
 
2,494,392
 
  
 
27,276,217
 
  
 
1,265,233
 
  
 
31,035,842
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
As of December 31, 2022
  
Level 1
    
Level 2
    
Level 3
    
Total
 
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
 
Unlisted Securities
                                   
Asset management plans
     —          4,667,559        342,154        5,009,713  
Trust plans
     —          3,268,709        621,840        3,890,549  
Private fund and other equity investments
     —          1,603,219        440,832        2,044,051  
Mutual funds
     7,125,498        —          —          7,125,498  
Corporate bonds
     —          —          46,435        46,435  
Bank wealth management products
     —          7,563,450        —          7,563,450  
Structured deposits
     —          2,406,785        —          2,406,785  
Others debt investments
     —          —          1,002,966        1,002,966  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Derivative instruments
                                   
Interest rate swap
     —          222,086        —          222,086  
Foreign currency swap
     —          225,357        —          225,357  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total
  
 
7,125,498
 
  
 
19,957,165
 
  
 
2,454,227
 
  
 
29,536,890
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Summary of the Changes in Level 3 Instruments
The following table presents the changes in level 3 instruments for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022:
 
    
Year ended December 31,
 
    
2020
    
2021
    
2022
 
                            
    
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
 
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
 
As of beginning of the year
     2,842,839        1,266,495        1,265,233  
Additions
     —          131,829        1,548,065  
Disposal
     (1,266,827      (29,664      (300,136
Transfer into level 3
     —          1,035,642        —    
Transfer out of level 3
     —          (3,047      —    
Gains or losses recognized in profit or loss
     (309,517      (1,136,022      (58,935
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
As of end of the year
  
 
1,266,495
 
  
 
1,265,233
 
  
 
2,454,227
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Summary of Impact to Profit/(Loss) Before Income Tax
The table below illustrates the impact to profit/(loss) before income tax for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022, if the risk-adjusted discount rate had increased/decreased by 100 basis points with all other variables held constant.
 
    
As of December 31,
 
    
2020
    
2021
    
2022
 
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
    
RMB’000
 
Expected changes in profit/(loss) before income tax
                          
+100 basis points
     (28,078      (42,509      (42,824
-100 basis points
     29,023        45,553        45,826