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Earnings per Share - Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Apr. 02, 2016	Apr. 04, 2015
Amounts Attributable to Kadant:
Income from Continuing Operations	$ 6,876	$ 6,832
Income from Discontinued Operation	0	65
Net Income Attributable to Kadant	$ 6,876	$ 6,897
Basic Weighted Average Shares (in shares)	10,793	10,892
Effect of Stock Options, Restricted Stock Units and Employee Stock Purchase Plan (in shares)	225	194
Diluted Weighted Average Shares (in shares)	11,018	11,086
Basic Earnings per Share:
Continuing operations (in dollars per share)	$ 0.64	$ 0.63
Discontinued operation (in dollars per share)	0.00	0.01
Net Income per Basic Share (in dollars per share)	0.64	0.63
Diluted Earnings per Share:
Continuing operations (in dollars per share)	0.62	0.62
Discontinued operation (in dollars per share)	0.00	0.01
Net Income per Diluted Share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.62	$ 0.62

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