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Acquisitions - Pro Forma Information (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended	9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Oct. 01, 2016	Jul. 01, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Oct. 01, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016
Pro Forma Information
Nonrecurring adjustments	$ 13,285	$ 9,157		$ 30,332	$ 24,344
NII FPG and Unaflex, LLC [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Revenues				416,570	383,450
Net Income Attributable to Kadant				$ 40,929	$ 20,680
Earnings per Share Attributable to Kadant:
Basic (in dollars per share)				$ 3.73	$ 1.91
Diluted (in dollars per share)				$ 3.63	$ 1.86
NII FPG and Unaflex, LLC [Member] | Acquisition-related transaction costs [Member]
Pro Forma Information
Nonrecurring adjustments				$ (5,002)		$ 5,002
NII FPG and Unaflex, LLC [Member] | Inventory revalued [Member]
Pro Forma Information
Nonrecurring adjustments				(3,360)	$ 4,986
NII FPG and Unaflex, LLC [Member] | Intangible amortization related to acquired backlog [Member]
Pro Forma Information
Nonrecurring adjustments				$ (958)	$ 1,610
NII FPG [Member] | Gain on sale of a building [Member]
Pro Forma Information
Nonrecurring adjustments			$ (852)

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