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Unaudited Quarterly Information - Summary of Quarterly Information (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jul. 01, 2017	Apr. 01, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Oct. 01, 2016	Jul. 02, 2016	Apr. 02, 2016	Dec. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Jan. 02, 2016
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Revenues	$ 149,140	$ 152,794	$ 110,242	$ 102,857	$ 100,241	$ 105,519	$ 111,828	$ 96,538	$ 515,033	$ 414,126	$ 390,107
Gross Profit	64,590	64,628	52,824	48,992	46,073	48,079	50,261	43,976
Amounts Attributable to Kadant:
Income from Continuing Operations					7,733	9,154	8,311	6,876	31,092	32,074	34,315
Income from Discontinued Operation					0	3	0	0	0	3	74
Net Income Attributable to Kadant	$ 760	$ 13,285	$ 8,096	$ 8,951	$ 7,733	$ 9,157	$ 8,311	$ 6,876	$ 31,092	$ 32,077	$ 34,389
Basic Earnings per Share:
Continuing Operations (in dollars per share)					$ 0.71	$ 0.84	$ 0.76	$ 0.64	$ 2.83	$ 2.95	$ 3.16
Net Income Attributable to Kadant (in dollars per share)	$ 0.07	$ 1.21	$ 0.74	$ 0.82	0.71	0.84	0.76	0.64	2.83	2.95	3.16
Earnings Per Share, Diluted [Abstract]
Continuing Operations (in dollars per share)					0.69	0.82	0.75	0.62	2.75	2.88	3.09
Net Income Attributable to Kadant (in dollars per share)	0.07	1.17	0.72	0.80	0.69	0.82	0.75	0.62	2.75	2.88	3.10
Cash Dividends Declared per Common Share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.21	$ 0.21	$ 0.21	$ 0.21	$ 0.19	$ 0.19	$ 0.19	$ 0.19	$ 0.84	$ 0.76	$ 0.68

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