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Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 6 Months Ended
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Jun. 27, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Nature of Operations Kadant Inc. was incorporated in Delaware in November 1991 and trades on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol "KAI." Kadant Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, the Company) is a global supplier of high-value, critical components and engineered systems used in process industries worldwide. Its products, technologies, and services play an integral role in enhancing process efficiency, optimizing energy utilization, and maximizing productivity in resource-intensive industries. COVID-19 On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization designated the novel coronavirus a global pandemic (COVID-19), and a national emergency was subsequently declared by the U.S. government. The pandemic has negatively affected the global economy, disrupted global supply chains, and resulted in significant travel and transport restrictions, which have adversely affected the Company’s bookings and financial results. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including the resulting economic impact, continues to evolve and the Company is closely monitoring its impact on all aspects of its business. Interim Financial Statements The interim condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes presented have been prepared by the Company, are unaudited, and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments of a normal recurring nature necessary for a fair statement of the Company's financial position at June 27, 2020, its results of operations, comprehensive income, and stockholders' equity for the three- and six-month periods ended June 27, 2020 and June 29, 2019, and its cash flows for the six-month periods ended June 27, 2020 and June 29, 2019. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year or for any other interim period. The condensed consolidated balance sheet presented as of December 28, 2019 has been derived from the consolidated financial statements contained in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019. The condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes are presented as permitted by the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for Form 10-Q and do not contain certain information included in the annual consolidated financial statements and related notes of the Company. The condensed consolidated financial statements and notes included herein should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019, filed with the SEC. Financial Statement Presentation In the first quarter of 2020, the Company realigned its business segments into three new reportable operating segments: Flow Control, Industrial Processing, and Material Handling. The Company previously reported its financial results by combining its operating entities into three reportable operating segments: Papermaking Systems, Wood Processing Systems, and Material Handling Systems, and a separate product line, Fiber-based Products. Financial information for 2019 has been recast to conform to the new segment presentation. See Note 12, Business Segment Information, for further detail regarding the Company's segments. Use of Estimates and Critical Accounting Policies The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Although the Company makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of its condensed consolidated financial statements or in the application of accounting policies, if business conditions were different, or if the Company were to use different estimates and assumptions, it is possible that materially different amounts could be reported in the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements. Notes 1 and 3 to the consolidated financial statements in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019 describe the significant accounting estimates and policies used in preparation of the consolidated financial statements. There have been no material changes in the Company’s significant accounting policies during the six months ended June 27, 2020, except that the Company no longer considers its policy with respect to accounting for pension benefits to be a critical accounting policy due to the settlement of its U.S. pension plan in December 2019. Supplemental Cash Flow Information
|  | Six Months Ended
(In thousands) |  | June 27, 2020 |  | June 29, 2019
Cash Paid for Interest |  | $ | 4,186 |  |  | $ | 6,108 |
Cash Paid for Income Taxes, Net of Refunds |  | $ | 7,036 |  |  | $ | 12,975 |
Non-Cash Investing Activities: |  |  |  |
Fair value of assets acquired |  | $ | 9,164 |  |  | $ | 209,350 |
Cash paid for acquired businesses |  | (7,537 | ) |  | (179,286 | )
Liabilities Assumed of Acquired Businesses |  | $ | 1,627 |  |  | $ | 30,064 |
Non-cash additions to property, plant, and equipment |  | $ | 150 |  |  | $ | 306 |
Non-Cash Financing Activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Issuance of Company common stock upon vesting of restricted stock units |  | $ | 4,027 |  |  | $ | 3,743 |
Dividends declared but unpaid |  | $ | 2,760 |  |  | $ | 2,590 |
Restricted Cash The Company's restricted cash serves as collateral for potential claims in China and bank guarantees associated with providing assurance to customers that the Company will fulfill certain customer obligations entered into in the normal course of business. The majority of the bank guarantees will expire over the next twelve months. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheet that are shown in aggregate in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of cash flows:
(In thousands) |  | June 27, 2020 |  | June 29, 2019 |  | December 28, 2019 |  | December 29, 2018
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 57,499 |  |  | $ | 57,049 |  |  | $ | 66,786 |  |  | $ | 45,830 |
Restricted cash |  | 3,450 |  |  | 1,089 |  |  | 1,487 |  |  | 287 |
Total Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash |  | $ | 60,949 |  |  | $ | 58,138 |  |  | $ | 68,273 |  |  | $ | 46,117 |
Inventories The components of inventories are as follows:
|  | June 27, 2020 |  | December 28, 2019
(In thousands) |  |
Raw Materials |  | $ | 49,174 |  |  | $ | 49,332 |
Work in Process |  | 15,765 |  |  | 15,344 |
Finished Goods |  | 44,724 |  |  | 38,039 |
|  | $ | 109,663 |  |  | $ | 102,715 |
Intangible Assets, Net Acquired intangible assets by major asset class are as follows:
(In thousands) |  | Gross |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Currency Translation |  | Net
June 27, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Definite-Lived |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Customer relationships |  | $ | 174,423 |  |  | $ | (58,560 | ) |  | $ | (5,161 | ) |  | $ | 110,702 |
Product technology |  | 56,568 |  |  | (29,712 | ) |  | (1,878 | ) |  | 24,978 |
Tradenames |  | 6,753 |  |  | (2,677 | ) |  | (427 | ) |  | 3,649 |
Other |  | 18,248 |  |  | (13,572 | ) |  | (591 | ) |  | 4,085 |
|  | 255,992 |  |  | (104,521 | ) |  | (8,057 | ) |  | 143,414 |
Indefinite-Lived |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tradenames |  | 24,100 |  |  | — |  |  | (200 | ) |  | 23,900 |
Acquired Intangible Assets |  | $ | 280,092 |  |  | $ | (104,521 | ) |  | $ | (8,257 | ) |  | $ | 167,314 |
December 28, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Definite-Lived |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Customer relationships |  | $ | 171,583 |  |  | $ | (51,798 | ) |  | $ | (4,141 | ) |  | $ | 115,644 |
Product technology |  | 56,011 |  |  | (27,819 | ) |  | (1,709 | ) |  | 26,483 |
Tradenames |  | 6,527 |  |  | (2,421 | ) |  | (427 | ) |  | 3,679 |
Other |  | 17,964 |  |  | (13,295 | ) |  | (593 | ) |  | 4,076 |
|  | 252,085 |  |  | (95,333 | ) |  | (6,870 | ) |  | 149,882 |
Indefinite-Lived |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tradenames |  | 24,100 |  |  | — |  |  | (86 | ) |  | 24,014 |
Acquired Intangible Assets |  | $ | 276,185 |  |  | $ | (95,333 | ) |  | $ | (6,956 | ) |  | $ | 173,896 |
Gross intangible assets include $3,907,000 for acquired intangible assets from acquisitions that occurred in the second quarter of 2020. See Note 2, Acquisitions, for further details. Intangible assets are initially recorded at fair value at the date of acquisition. Subsequent impairment charges are reflected as a reduction in the gross balance, as applicable. Definite-lived intangible assets are stated net of accumulated amortization and currency translation in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet. The Company amortizes definite-lived intangible assets over lives that have been determined based on the anticipated cash flow benefits of the intangible asset. Goodwill The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment are as follows:
(In thousands) |  | Flow Control |  | Industrial Processing |  | Material Handling |  | Total
Balance at December 28, 2019 (a) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross balance |  | $ | 97,680 |  |  | $ | 207,536 |  |  | $ | 116,325 |  |  | $ | 421,541 |
Accumulated impairment losses |  | — |  |  | (85,509 | ) |  | — |  |  | (85,509 | )
Net balance |  | 97,680 |  |  | 122,027 |  |  | 116,325 |  |  | 336,032 |
2020 Adjustments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Acquisition (Note 2) |  | — |  |  | 4,001 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,001 |
Currency translation |  | (673 | ) |  | (1,614 | ) |  | 247 |  |  | (2,040 | )
Total 2020 adjustments |  | (673 | ) |  | 2,387 |  |  | 247 |  |  | 1,961 |
Balance at June 27, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross balance |  | 97,007 |  |  | 209,923 |  |  | 116,572 |  |  | 423,502 |
Accumulated impairment losses |  | — |  |  | (85,509 | ) |  | — |  |  | (85,509 | )
Net balance |  | $ | 97,007 |  |  | $ | 124,414 |  |  | $ | 116,572 |  |  | $ | 337,993 |
(a) Goodwill balances as of December 28, 2019 have been recast to conform to the current period presentation. See Note 12, Business Segment Information, for further details regarding the Company's change in reportable operating segments. Impairment of Indefinite-Lived Assets The Company evaluates the recoverability of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets as of the end of each fiscal year or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the carrying value of an asset might be impaired. Potential impairment indicators include a significant decline in sales, earnings, or cash flows, material adverse changes in the business climate, and a significant decline in the Company's market capitalization due to a sustained decrease in its stock price. In March 2020, the Company experienced a significant decrease in market capitalization due to a decline in the Company’s stock price. During that time, the overall U.S. stock market also declined significantly amid market volatility driven by the uncertainty surrounding the outbreak of COVID-19. Based on these occurrences, the Company concluded that a triggering event had occurred related to the indefinite-lived assets within its material handling reporting unit. As a result, the Company prepared a quantitative impairment analysis (Step 1) for its material handling reporting unit, which indicated that its fair value exceeded its carrying value and the indefinite-lived assets were not impaired. In the second quarter of 2020, the Company’s market capitalization and the overall stock market, which are potential impairment indicators, recovered from their decreased levels that existed at the end of the first quarter of 2020. No other events that would trigger an impairment analysis were identified during the second quarter of 2020. The Company will continue to monitor for impairment indicators throughout the remainder of 2020 and will conduct an interim period impairment analysis as required. Warranty Obligations The Company's contracts covering the sale of its products include warranty provisions that provide assurance to its customers that the products will comply with agreed-upon specifications during a defined period of time. The Company negotiates the terms regarding warranty coverage and length of warranty depending on the products and applications. The Company's liability for warranties is included in other current liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet. The changes in the carrying amount of product warranty obligations are as follows:
|  | Six Months Ended
(In thousands) |  | June 27, 2020 |  | June 29, 2019
Balance at Beginning of Year |  | $ | 6,467 |  |  | $ | 5,726 |
Provision charged to expense |  | 2,675 |  |  | 2,368 |
Usage |  | (2,721 | ) |  | (1,755 | )
Acquisition |  | — |  |  | 303 |
Currency translation |  | (67 | ) |  | 37 |
Balance at End of Period |  | $ | 6,354 |  |  | $ | 6,679 |
Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue under Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Most of the Company’s revenue is recognized at a point in time for each performance obligation under the contract when the customer obtains control of the goods or service. Most of the Company’s parts and consumables products and its capital products with minimal customization are accounted for at a point in time. The Company has made a policy election to not treat the obligation to ship as a separate performance obligation under the contract and, as a result, the associated shipping costs are reflected in cost of revenue when revenue is recognized. The remaining portion of the Company’s revenue is recognized on an over time basis based on an input method that compares the costs incurred to date to the total expected costs required to satisfy the performance obligation. Contracts are accounted for on an over time basis when they include products which have no alternative use and an enforceable right to payment over time. Most of the contracts recognized on an over time basis are for large capital projects. These projects are highly customized for the customer and, as a result, would include a significant cost to rework in the event of cancellation. The following table presents revenue by revenue recognition method:
|  | Three Months Ended |  | Six Months Ended
|  | June 27, |  | June 29, |  | June 27, |  | June 29,
(In thousands) |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2020 |  | 2019
Point in Time |  | $ | 129,797 |  |  | $ | 157,716 |  |  | $ | 265,889 |  |  | $ | 305,992 |
Over Time |  | 23,063 |  |  | 19,449 |  |  | 46,098 |  |  | 42,489 |
|  | $ | 152,860 |  |  | $ | 177,165 |  |  | $ | 311,987 |  |  | $ | 348,481 |
The transaction price includes estimated variable consideration where applicable. Such variable consideration relates to certain performance guarantees and rights to return the product. The Company estimates variable consideration as the most likely amount to which it expects to be entitled based on the terms of the contracts with customers and historical experience, where relevant. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation based on the relative stand-alone selling price. The Company disaggregates its revenue from contracts with customers by reportable operating segment, product type and geography as this best depicts how its revenue is affected by economic factors. The following table presents the disaggregation of revenue by product type and geography:
|  | Three Months Ended |  | Six Months Ended
|  | June 27, |  | June 29, |  | June 27, |  | June 29,
(In thousands) |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2020 |  | 2019
Revenue by Product Type: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Parts and Consumables |  | $ | 97,261 |  |  | $ | 111,917 |  |  | $ | 202,358 |  |  | $ | 224,767 |
Capital |  | 55,599 |  |  | 65,248 |  |  | 109,629 |  |  | 123,714 |
|  | $ | 152,860 |  |  | $ | 177,165 |  |  | $ | 311,987 |  |  | $ | 348,481 |
Revenue by Geography: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
North America |  | $ | 88,718 |  |  | $ | 98,667 |  |  | 182,541 |  |  | 199,543 |
Europe |  | 37,916 |  |  | 43,813 |  |  | 73,930 |  |  | 82,798 |
Asia |  | 16,237 |  |  | 23,696 |  |  | 32,145 |  |  | 40,774 |
Rest of World |  | 9,989 |  |  | 10,989 |  |  | 23,371 |  |  | 25,366 |
|  | $ | 152,860 |  |  | $ | 177,165 |  |  | $ | 311,987 |  |  | $ | 348,481 |
See Note 12, Business Segment Information, for information on the disaggregation of revenue by reportable operating segment. The following table presents contract balances from contracts with customers:
|  | June 27, 2020 |  | December 28, 2019
(In thousands) |  |
Accounts Receivable |  | $ | 89,393 |  |  | $ | 95,740 |
Contract Assets |  | $ | 10,444 |  |  | $ | 13,162 |
Contract Liabilities |  | $ | 30,730 |  |  | $ | 37,216 |
Contract assets represent unbilled revenue associated with revenue recognized on contracts accounted for on an over time basis, which will be billed in future periods based on the contract terms. Contract liabilities consist of customer deposits, advanced billings, and deferred revenue. Deferred revenue is included in other current liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet. Contract liabilities will be recognized as revenue in future periods once the revenue recognition criteria are met. The majority of the contract liabilities relate to advance payments on contracts accounted for at a point in time. These advance payments will be recognized as revenue when the Company's performance obligations have been satisfied, which typically occurs when the product has shipped and control of the asset has transferred to the customer. The Company recognized revenue of $7,158,000 in the second quarter of 2020 and $4,427,000 in the second quarter of 2019, $26,866,000 in the first six months of 2020, and $23,522,000 in the first six months of 2019 that was included in the contract liabilities balance at the beginning of 2020 and 2019, respectively. The majority of the Company's contracts for capital equipment have an original expected duration of one year or less. For contracts with an original expected duration of over one year, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the remaining partially unsatisfied performance obligations as of June 27, 2020 was $9,798,000. The Company will recognize revenue for these performance obligations as they are satisfied, approximately 98% of which is expected to be recognized within the next twelve months. Customers in China will often settle their accounts receivable with banker's acceptance drafts, in which case cash settlement will be delayed until the drafts mature or are settled prior to maturity. For customers outside of China, final payment for the majority of the Company's products is received in the quarter following the product shipment. Certain of the Company's contracts include a longer period before final payment is due, which is typically within one year of final shipment or transfer of control to the customer. The Company includes in revenue amounts invoiced for shipping and handling with the corresponding costs reflected in cost of revenue. Provisions for discounts, warranties, returns and other adjustments are provided for in the period in which the related sale was recorded. Sales taxes, value-added taxes, and certain excise taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are accounted for on a net basis and therefore are excluded from revenue. Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses The Company's accounts receivable arise from sales on credit to customers, are recorded at the invoiced amount, and do not bear interest. The Company establishes an allowance for credit losses to reduce accounts receivable to the net amount expected to be collected. The Company exercises judgment in determining its allowance for credit losses, which is based on its historical collection and write-off experience, adjusted for current macroeconomic trends and conditions, credit policies, specific customer collection issues, and accounts receivable aging. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and adjusts credit limits based upon payment history and each customer's current creditworthiness. The Company continuously monitors collections and payments from its customers. Account balances are charged off against the allowance when the Company believes it is probable the receivable will not be recovered. In some instances, the Company utilizes letters of credit to mitigate its credit exposure. The changes in the allowance for credit losses are as follows:
|  | Six Months Ended
(In thousands) |  | June 27, 2020 |  | June 29, 2019
Balance at Beginning of Period |  | $ | 2,698 |  |  | $ | 2,897 |
Provision charged to expense |  | 303 |  |  | 39 |
Accounts written off |  | (42 | ) |  | (122 | )
Currency translation |  | (45 | ) |  | (4 | )
Balance at End of Period |  | $ | 2,914 |  |  | $ | 2,810 |
Banker's Acceptance Drafts included in Accounts Receivable The Company's Chinese subsidiaries may receive banker's acceptance drafts from customers as payment for their trade accounts receivable. The drafts are noninterest-bearing obligations of the issuing bank and mature within six months of the origination date. The Company's Chinese subsidiaries may sell the drafts at a discount to a third-party financial institution or transfer the drafts to vendors in settlement of current accounts payable prior to the scheduled maturity date. These drafts, which totaled $3,224,000 at June 27, 2020 and $5,230,000 at December 28, 2019, are included in accounts receivable in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet until the subsidiary sells the drafts to a bank and receives a discounted amount, transfers the banker's acceptance drafts in settlement of current accounts payable prior to maturity, or obtains cash payment on the scheduled maturity date. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-13, which changes the way entities recognize impairment of financial assets, such as accounts receivable, by requiring immediate recognition of estimated credit losses expected to occur over their remaining lives. During 2018 and 2019, the FASB issued additional guidance and clarification. The Company adopted this ASU using a modified retrospective method at the beginning of fiscal 2020 and its adoption did not have a material impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements. See Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses in this section for information on the Company's allowance for credit losses. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, which provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by the discontinuation of reference rates, such as the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), if certain criteria are met. Generally, contract modifications related to reference rate reform may be considered an event that does not require remeasurement or reassessment of a previous accounting determination at the modification date. The guidance in this ASU is applicable to the Company's existing contracts and hedging relationships that reference LIBOR and may be adopted prospectively beginning March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the effects that the adoption of this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements. Income Taxes (Topic 740), Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, which simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and by clarifying and amending existing guidance, including the recognition of franchise tax, the treatment of a step up in the tax basis of goodwill, and the timing for recognition of enacted changes in tax laws or rates in the interim period annual effective tax rate computation. This new guidance is effective in fiscal 2021, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effects that the adoption of this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the business description and accounting policies concepts. Business description describes the nature and type of organization including but not limited to organizational structure as may be applicable to holding companies, parent and subsidiary relationships, business divisions, business units, business segments, affiliates and information about significant ownership of the reporting entity. Accounting policies describe all significant accounting policies of the reporting entity. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 275 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2134479 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2122369 + Details
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