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Earnings per Share - Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 26, 2020	Sep. 28, 2019	Sep. 26, 2020	Sep. 28, 2019
Income Amounts Attributable to Parent, Disclosures [Abstract]
Net Income Attributable to Kadant	$ 14,851	$ 16,115	$ 38,989	$ 43,319
Basic Weighted Average Shares (in shares)	11,504	11,267	11,472	11,198
Effect of Stock Options, Restricted Stock Units and Employee Stock Purchase Plan Shares (in shares)	85	202	78	236
Diluted Weighted Average Shares (in shares)	11,589	11,469	11,550	11,434
Basic Earnings per Share (in dollars per share)	$ 1.29	$ 1.43	$ 3.40	$ 3.87
Diluted Earnings per Share (in dollars per share)	$ 1.28	$ 1.41	$ 3.38	$ 3.79

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The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.

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