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Earnings per Share - Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 30, 2024
Apr. 01, 2023
Income Amounts Attributable to Parent, Disclosures [Abstract]    
Net Income Attributable to Kadant $ 24,689 $ 28,075
Basic Weighted Average Shares 11,724 11,681
Effect of Restricted Stock Units and Employee Stock Purchase Plan Shares 20 13
Diluted Weighted Average Shares 11,744 11,694
Basic Earnings per Share (in dollars per share) $ 2.11 $ 2.40
Diluted Earnings per Share (in dollars per share) $ 2.10 $ 2.40