10-Q 1 rnst10q9302017.htm 10-Q
Table of Contents
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
________________________________________________________
FORM 10-Q
________________________________________________________
(Mark One)

ý | Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2017
Or

o | Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from to
Commission file number: 001-13253
________________________________________________________
RENASANT CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
________________________________________________________

Mississippi |  | 64-0676974
(State or other jurisdiction of |  | (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) |  | Identification No.)
209 Troy Street, Tupelo, Mississippi |  | 38804-4827
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (Zip Code)

(662) 680-1001
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
________________________________________________________
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ý No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company”in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ý | Accelerated filer | o
Non-accelerated filer | o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | Smaller reporting company | o
Emerging growth company | o |  |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No ý
As of October 31, 2017, 49,320,225 shares of the registrant’s common stock, $5.00 par value per share, were outstanding.

Table of Contents
Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Form 10-Q
For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2017
CONTENTS

|  | Page
PART I | Financial Information |
Item 1. | Financial Statements (Unaudited) |
| Consolidated Balance Sheets | 1
| Consolidated Statements of Income | 2
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income | 3
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | 4
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | 6
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 55
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 88
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 88
PART II | Other Information |
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 89
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 89
Item 6. | Exhibits | 89
SIGNATURES | 91
EXHIBIT INDEX | 92

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In Thousands, Except Share Data)

| (Unaudited) |  |
| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Assets |  |  |
Cash and due from banks | $ | 194,985 |  |  | $ | 160,570 |
Interest-bearing balances with banks | 137,215 |  |  | 145,654 |
Cash and cash equivalents | 332,200 |  |  | 306,224 |
Securities held to maturity (fair value of as of December 31, 2016 - $362,893) | — |  |  | 356,282 |
Securities available for sale, at fair value | 1,150,459 |  |  | 674,248 |
Mortgage loans held for sale, at fair value | 207,288 |  |  | 177,866 |
Loans, net of unearned income: |  |  |
Non purchased loans and leases | 5,293,467 |  |  | 4,713,572 |
Purchased loans | 2,155,141 |  |  | 1,489,137 |
Total loans, net of unearned income | 7,448,608 |  |  | 6,202,709 |
Allowance for loan losses | (44,531 | ) |  | (42,737 | )
Loans, net | 7,404,077 |  |  | 6,159,972 |
Premises and equipment, net | 186,730 |  |  | 179,223 |
Other real estate owned: |  |  |
Non purchased | 4,524 |  |  | 5,929 |
Purchased | 13,296 |  |  | 17,370 |
Total other real estate owned, net | 17,820 |  |  | 23,299 |
Goodwill | 611,046 |  |  | 470,534 |
Other intangible assets, net | 26,218 |  |  | 24,074 |
Bank-owned life insurance | 174,739 |  |  | 152,305 |
Mortgage servicing rights | 35,930 |  |  | 26,302 |
Other assets | 177,180 |  |  | 149,522 |
Total assets | $ | 10,323,687 |  |  | $ | 8,699,851 |
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity |  |  |
Liabilities |  |  |
Deposits |  |  |
Noninterest-bearing | $ | 1,835,300 |  |  | $ | 1,561,357 |
Interest-bearing | 6,283,218 |  |  | 5,497,780 |
Total deposits | 8,118,518 |  |  | 7,059,137 |
Short-term borrowings | 384,230 |  |  | 109,676 |
Long-term debt | 207,703 |  |  | 202,459 |
Other liabilities | 101,410 |  |  | 95,696 |
Total liabilities | 8,811,861 |  |  | 7,466,968 |
Shareholders’ equity |  |  |
Preferred stock, $.01 par value – 5,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding | — |  |  | — |
Common stock, $5.00 par value – 150,000,000 shares authorized; 49,990,248 shares issued; 49,320,225 and 44,332,273 shares outstanding, respectively | 249,951 |  |  | 225,535 |
Treasury stock, at cost | (19,919 | ) |  | (21,692 | )
Additional paid-in capital | 896,551 |  |  | 707,408 |
Retained earnings | 388,209 |  |  | 337,536 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes | (2,966 | ) |  | (15,904 | )
Total shareholders’ equity | 1,511,826 |  |  | 1,232,883 |
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | $ | 10,323,687 |  |  | $ | 8,699,851 |

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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Table of Contents
Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)
(In Thousands, Except Share Data)

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Interest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans | $ | 92,536 |  |  | $ | 76,759 |  |  | $ | 247,076 |  |  | $ | 222,781 |
Securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Taxable | 5,061 |  |  | 3,717 |  |  | 14,040 |  |  | 12,832 |
Tax-exempt | 2,400 |  |  | 2,425 |  |  | 7,284 |  |  | 7,378 |
Other | 698 |  |  | 131 |  |  | 1,763 |  |  | 308 |
Total interest income | 100,695 |  |  | 83,032 |  |  | 270,163 |  |  | 243,299 |
Interest expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits | 6,834 |  |  | 4,638 |  |  | 17,297 |  |  | 13,018 |
Borrowings | 3,844 |  |  | 2,663 |  |  | 9,231 |  |  | 7,339 |
Total interest expense | 10,678 |  |  | 7,301 |  |  | 26,528 |  |  | 20,357 |
Net interest income | 90,017 |  |  | 75,731 |  |  | 243,635 |  |  | 222,942 |
Provision for loan losses | 2,150 |  |  | 2,650 |  |  | 5,400 |  |  | 5,880 |
Net interest income after provision for loan losses | 87,867 |  |  | 73,081 |  |  | 238,235 |  |  | 217,062 |
Noninterest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service charges on deposit accounts | 8,676 |  |  | 8,200 |  |  | 24,565 |  |  | 23,712 |
Fees and commissions | 5,618 |  |  | 4,921 |  |  | 16,287 |  |  | 14,042 |
Insurance commissions | 2,365 |  |  | 2,420 |  |  | 6,406 |  |  | 6,557 |
Wealth management revenue | 2,963 |  |  | 3,040 |  |  | 8,884 |  |  | 8,803 |
Mortgage banking income | 10,616 |  |  | 15,846 |  |  | 33,544 |  |  | 41,181 |
Net gain on sales of securities | 57 |  |  | — |  |  | 57 |  |  | 1,186 |
BOLI income | 1,136 |  |  | 979 |  |  | 3,234 |  |  | 2,929 |
Other | 1,982 |  |  | 2,866 |  |  | 6,722 |  |  | 8,750 |
Total noninterest income | 33,413 |  |  | 38,272 |  |  | 99,699 |  |  | 107,160 |
Noninterest expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Salaries and employee benefits | 48,530 |  |  | 44,702 |  |  | 135,753 |  |  | 132,482 |
Data processing | 4,179 |  |  | 4,560 |  |  | 12,248 |  |  | 13,220 |
Net occupancy and equipment | 9,470 |  |  | 8,830 |  |  | 27,603 |  |  | 25,585 |
Other real estate owned | 603 |  |  | 1,540 |  |  | 1,916 |  |  | 4,111 |
Professional fees | 1,552 |  |  | 1,824 |  |  | 5,501 |  |  | 5,459 |
Advertising and public relations | 1,802 |  |  | 1,661 |  |  | 5,824 |  |  | 5,040 |
Intangible amortization | 1,766 |  |  | 1,684 |  |  | 4,822 |  |  | 5,123 |
Communications | 1,927 |  |  | 2,097 |  |  | 5,698 |  |  | 6,308 |
Extinguishment of debt | — |  |  | 2,210 |  |  | 205 |  |  | 2,539 |
Merger and conversion related expenses | 6,266 |  |  | 268 |  |  | 9,655 |  |  | 4,023 |
Other | 4,565 |  |  | 7,092 |  |  | 15,585 |  |  | 19,651 |
Total noninterest expense | 80,660 |  |  | 76,468 |  |  | 224,810 |  |  | 223,541 |
Income before income taxes | 40,620 |  |  | 34,885 |  |  | 113,124 |  |  | 100,681 |
Income taxes | 14,199 |  |  | 11,706 |  |  | 37,447 |  |  | 33,386 |
Net income | $ | 26,421 |  |  | $ | 23,179 |  |  | $ | 75,677 |  |  | $ | 67,295 |
Basic earnings per share | $ | 0.54 |  |  | $ | 0.55 |  |  | $ | 1.64 |  |  | $ | 1.62 |
Diluted earnings per share | $ | 0.53 |  |  | $ | 0.55 |  |  | $ | 1.64 |  |  | $ | 1.61 |
Cash dividends per common share | $ | 0.18 |  |  | $ | 0.18 |  |  | $ | 0.54 |  |  | $ | 0.53 |

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)
(In Thousands, Except Share Data)

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Net income | $ | 26,421 |  |  | $ | 23,179 |  |  | $ | 75,677 |  |  | $ | 67,295 |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Securities available for sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized holding gains on securities | (764 | ) |  | 1,385 |  |  | 4,712 |  |  | 5,260 |
Reclassification adjustment for gains realized in net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (728 | )
Unrealized holding gains on securities transfered from held to maturity to available for sale | 8,108 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,108 |  |  | — |
Amortization of unrealized holding gains on securities transferred to the held to maturity category | (4 | ) |  | (11 | ) |  | (173 | ) |  | (49 | )
Total securities | 7,340 |  |  | 1,374 |  |  | 12,647 |  |  | 4,483 |
Derivative instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on derivative instruments | 100 |  |  | 495 |  |  | 104 |  |  | (1,199 | )
Total derivative instruments | 100 |  |  | 495 |  |  | 104 |  |  | (1,199 | )
Defined benefit pension and post-retirement benefit plans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Reclassification adjustment for net settlement gain realized in net income | — |  |  | (235 | ) |  | — |  |  | (235 | )
Amortization of net actuarial loss recognized in net periodic pension cost | 62 |  |  | 76 |  |  | 187 |  |  | 228 |
Total defined benefit pension and post-retirement benefit plans | 62 |  |  | (159 | ) |  | 187 |  |  | (7 | )
Other comprehensive income, net of tax | 7,502 |  |  | 1,710 |  |  | 12,938 |  |  | 3,277 |
Comprehensive income | $ | 33,923 |  |  | $ | 24,889 |  |  | $ | 88,615 |  |  | $ | 70,572 |

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
(In Thousands)

| Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Operating activities |  |  |
Net income | $ | 75,677 |  |  | $ | 67,295 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: |  |  |
Provision for loan losses | 5,400 |  |  | 5,880 |
Depreciation, amortization and accretion | 3,541 |  |  | 2,804 |
Deferred income tax expense | 1,669 |  |  | 5,663 |
Funding of mortgage loans held for sale | (1,256,233 | ) |  | (1,516,650 | )
Proceeds from sales of mortgage loans held for sale | 1,245,301 |  |  | 1,579,476 |
Gains on sales of mortgage loans held for sale | (15,719 | ) |  | (26,687 | )
Gains on sales of securities | (57 | ) |  | (1,186 | )
Penalty on prepayment of debt | 205 |  |  | 2,539 |
Losses on sales of premises and equipment | 553 |  |  | 105 |
Stock-based compensation expense | 3,771 |  |  | 2,563 |
Decrease in FDIC loss-share indemnification asset, net of accretion | — |  |  | 2,442 |
(Increase) decrease in other assets | (2,059 | ) |  | 5,591 |
Decrease in other liabilities | (9,652 | ) |  | (5,097 | )
Net cash provided by operating activities | 52,397 |  |  | 124,738 |
Investing activities |  |  |
Purchases of securities available for sale | (191,679 | ) |  | (82,243 | )
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale | 43,494 |  |  | 4,028 |
Proceeds from call/maturities of securities available for sale | 132,044 |  |  | 117,232 |
Purchases of securities held to maturity | — |  |  | (10,644 | )
Proceeds from sales of securities held to maturity | 4,876 |  |  | — |
Proceeds from call/maturities of securities held to maturity | 15,882 |  |  | 109,305 |
Net increase in loans | (272,618 | ) |  | (407,570 | )
Purchases of premises and equipment | (11,925 | ) |  | (8,958 | )
Proceeds from sales of premises and equipment | 1,255 |  |  | 2,462 |
Proceeds from sales of other assets | 11,485 |  |  | 11,040 |
Net cash received in acquisition of businesses | 41,685 |  |  | 25,263 |
Net cash used in investing activities | (225,501 | ) |  | (240,085 | )
Financing activities |  |  |
Net increase in noninterest-bearing deposits | 6,464 |  |  | 163,406 |
Net increase in interest-bearing deposits | 112,854 |  |  | 85,005 |
Net increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings | 274,554 |  |  | (157,685 | )
Proceeds from long-term borrowings | — |  |  | 98,434 |
Repayment of long-term debt | (169,961 | ) |  | (46,964 | )
Cash paid for dividends | (25,004 | ) |  | (22,108 | )
Net stock-based compensation transactions | 173 |  |  | 415 |
Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation | — |  |  | 664 |
Net cash provided by financing activities | 199,080 |  |  | 121,167 |
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | 25,976 |  |  | 5,820 |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 306,224 |  |  | 211,571 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 332,200 |  |  | $ | 217,391 |
Supplemental disclosures |  |  |
Cash paid for interest | $ | 26,974 |  |  | $ | 19,658 |
Cash paid for income taxes | $ | 29,491 |  |  | $ | 22,731 |
Noncash transactions: |  |  |
Transfers of loans to other real estate owned | $ | 5,418 |  |  | $ | 5,147 |
Financed sales of other real estate owned | $ | 257 |  |  | $ | 538 |
Transfers of loans held for sale to loan portfolio | $ | — |  |  | $ | 15,455 |
Common stock issued in acquisition of businesses | $ | 213,590 |  |  | $ | 55,290 |

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See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Nature of Operations: Renasant Corporation (referred to herein as the “Company”) owns and operates Renasant Bank (“Renasant Bank” or the “Bank”) and Renasant Insurance, Inc. The Company offers a diversified range of financial, wealth management and insurance services to its retail and commercial customers through its subsidiaries and full service offices located throughout north and central Mississippi, Tennessee, Georgia, Alabama and north Florida.
Basis of Presentation: The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. For further information regarding the Company’s significant accounting policies, refer to the audited consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2016 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2017.
Business Combinations: The Company completed its acquisitions of KeyWorth Bank (“KeyWorth”) and Metropolitan BancGroup, Inc. (“Metropolitan”) on April 1, 2016 and July 1, 2017, respectively. The acquired institutions' financial condition and results of operations are included in the Company's financial condition and results of operations as of the respective acquisition dates.
Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Subsequent Events: The Company has evaluated, for consideration of recognition or disclosure, subsequent events that have occurred through the date of issuance of its financial statements. The Company has determined that no significant events occurred after September 30, 2017 but prior to the issuance of these financial statements that would have a material impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements.
Impact of Recently-Issued Accounting Standards and Pronouncements:
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASU 2014-09”). ASU 2014-09 provides guidance that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods and services. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, which deferred the effective date of this standard to annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017. While the Company is currently evaluating the impact ASU 2014-09 will have on its financial position and results of operations, and its financial statement disclosures, the recognition of revenue for a majority of the Company’s income streams, including interest income earned on loans and leases, is governed by other accounting standards and is specifically excluded from the coverage of FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC 606”), “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASC 606”). The sources of the Company's revenue covered by ASC 606, the most significant of which is service charges on deposit accounts, are generally based on day-to-day contracts with Company customers; therefore, the Company does not expect significant changes in the timing of the recognition of revenue. The Company is continuing to evaluate the impact of the new standard on each line of revenue as well as prepare for the new disclosures required by the standard. The Company intends to adopt the standard in the first quarter of 2018 and use the modified retrospective transition method.
In January 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-01, “Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“ASU 2016-01”). ASU 2016-01 revises the accounting for the classification and measurement of investments in equity securities and revises the presentation of certain fair value changes for financial liabilities measured at fair value. For equity securities, the guidance in ASU 2016-01 requires equity investments to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income. For financial liabilities that are measured at fair value in accordance with the fair value option, the guidance requires presenting, in other comprehensive income, the change in fair value that relates to a change in instrument-specific credit risk. ASU 2016-01 also eliminates the disclosure assumptions used to estimate fair value for financial instruments measured at amortized cost and requires disclosure of an exit price notion in determining the fair value of financial instruments measured at amortized cost. ASU 2016-01 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company is evaluating the impact, if any, that ASU 2016-01 will have on its financial position and results of operations, and its financial statement disclosures.
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In February 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” (“ASU 2016-02”). ASU 2016-02 amends the accounting model and disclosure requirements for leases. The current accounting model for leases distinguishes between capital leases, which are recognized on-balance sheet, and operating leases, which are not. Under the new standard, the lease classifications are defined as finance leases, which are similar to capital leases under current GAAP, and operating leases. Further, a lessee will recognize a lease liability and a right-of-use asset for all leases with a term greater than 12 months on its balance sheet regardless of the lease’s classification, which may significantly increase reported assets and liabilities. The accounting model and disclosure requirements for lessors remains substantially unchanged from current GAAP. ASU 2016-02 is effective for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact ASU 2016-02 will have on its financial position and results of operations, and its financial statement disclosures, and the expected results include the recognition of leased assets and related lease liabilities on the balance sheet, along with leasehold amortization and interest expense recognized in the statement of income.
In March 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-09, “Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting” (“ASU 2016-09”). ASU 2016-09 is intended to reduce complexity in accounting standards by simplifying several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including (1) accounting for income taxes; (2) classification of excess tax benefits on the statement of cash flows; (3) forfeitures; (4) minimum statutory tax withholding requirements; and (5) classification of employee taxes paid on the statement of cash flows when an employer withholds shares for tax withholding purposes. The Company adopted ASU 2016-09 beginning January 1, 2017 and as a result recognized as income tax expense in the Company's consolidated statement of income for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 an excess tax benefit realized from the exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock. Furthermore, the presentation of certain elements of share-based payment transactions in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows was updated to comply with the standard update.
In June 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (“ASU 2016-13”). The update will significantly change the way entities recognize impairment on many financial assets by requiring immediate recognition of estimated credit losses expected to occur over the asset's remaining life. FASB describes this impairment recognition model as the current expected credit loss (“CECL”) model and believes the CECL model will result in more timely recognition of credit losses since the CECL model incorporates expected credit losses versus incurred credit losses. The scope of FASB’s CECL model would include loans, held-to-maturity debt instruments, lease receivables, loan commitments and financial guarantees that are not accounted for at fair value. For public companies, this update becomes effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company has formed an implementation committee comprised of both accounting and credit employees to guide Renasant Bank through the implementation of ASU 2016-13. Currently, this committee is gaining an understanding of the potential impact of the CECL model, reviewing the model requirements and ensuring data integrity across all reporting systems. The Company has also engaged consulting firms and software providers to assist in evaluating the varying approaches to the implementation of the CECL model.
In August 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments” (“ASU 2016-15”). ASU 2016-15 is intended to reduce the diversity in practice in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows, including (1) debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs, (2) settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments or other debt instruments with coupon interest rates that are insignificant in relation to the effective interest rate of the borrowing, (3) contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, (4) proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, (5) proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, including bank-owned life insurance policies, (6) distributions received from equity method investees, (7) beneficial interests in securitization transactions and (8) separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle. For public companies, this amendment becomes effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. ASU 2016-15 only impacts the presentation of specific items within the statement of cash flows and is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.
In January 2017, FASB issued ASU 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805), Clarifying the Definition of a Business” (“ASU 2017-01”), that changes the definition of a business when evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as the acquisition of assets or the acquisition of a business. ASU 2017-01 requires an entity to evaluate if substantially all of the fair value of the assets acquired is concentrated in a single asset or a group of similar identifiable assets; if so, the acquired assets or group of similar identifiable assets is not considered a business. In addition, the guidance requires that, to be considered a business, the acquired assets must include an input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create output. The ASU removes the evaluation of whether a market participant could replace any of the missing elements. ASU 2017-01 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.
In January 2017, FASB issued ASU 2017-03, “Accounting Changes and Error Corrections (Topic 250) and Investments – Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323) Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to Staff Announcements at the September 22,
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2016 and November 17, 2016 EITF Meetings” (“ASU 2017-03”), that provides guidance on additional qualitative disclosures required when the impact of the adoption of ASU 2014-09, ASU 2016-02 and ASU 2016-13 on a registrant's financial statements cannot reasonably be estimated by the registrant. ASU 2017-03 was effective when issued and the appropriate disclosures have been added where necessary.
In January 2017, FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350)” (“ASU 2017-04”). ASU 2017-04 will amend and simplify current goodwill impairment testing by eliminating certain testing under the current provisions. Under the new guidance, an entity should perform the goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying value and recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value. An entity still has the option to perform the quantitative assessment for a reporting unit to determine if a quantitative impairment test is necessary. ASU 2017-04 will be effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.
In March 2017, FASB issued ASU 2017-07, “Compensation - Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost” (“ASU 2017-07”). ASU 2017-07 requires employers to report the service cost component in the same line item or items as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period. The other components of net benefit cost are required to be presented in the income statement separately from the service cost component and outside a subtotal of income from operations, if one is presented. These amendments also allow only the service cost component to be eligible for capitalization when applicable. ASU 2017-07 will be effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company is evaluating the effect that ASU 2017-07 will have on its financial position and results of operations and its financial statement disclosures.
In March 2017, FASB issued ASU 2017-08, “Receivables - Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities” (“ASU 2017-08”). ASU 2017-08 requires the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium to be the earliest call date. ASU 2017-08 will be effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is evaluating the effect that ASU 2017-08 will have on its financial position and results of operations and its financial statement disclosures.
In August 2017, FASB issued ASU 2017-12, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities” (“ASU 2017-12”). ASU 2017-12 is intended to simplify hedge accounting by eliminating the requirement to separately measure and report hedge effectiveness. ASU 2017-12 also seeks to expand the application of hedge accounting by modifying current requirements to include hedge accounting on partial-term hedges, the hedging of prepayable financial instruments and other strategies. ASU 2017-12 will be effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is evaluating the effect that ASU 2017-12 will have on its financial position and results of operations and its financial statement disclosures.
Note 2 – Mergers and Acquisitions
(In Thousands, Except Share Data)
Acquisition of Metropolitan BancGroup, Inc.
Effective July 1, 2017, the Company completed its acquisition of Metropolitan, the parent company of Metropolitan Bank, in a transaction valued at approximately $219,461. The Company issued 4,883,182 shares of common stock and paid approximately $4,764 to Metropolitan stock option holders for 100% of the voting equity interest in Metropolitan. At closing, Metropolitan merged with and into the Company, with the Company the surviving corporation in the merger; immediately thereafter, Metropolitan Bank merged with and into Renasant Bank, with Renasant Bank the surviving banking corporation in the merger. On July 1, 2017, Metropolitan operated eight banking locations in Nashville and Memphis, Tennessee and the Jackson, Mississippi Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The Company recorded approximately $147,478 in intangible assets which consist of goodwill of $140,512 and a core deposit intangible of $6,966. Goodwill resulted from a combination of revenue enhancements from expansion in existing markets and efficiencies resulting from operational synergies. The fair value of the core deposit intangible is being amortized on an accelerated basis over the estimated useful life, currently expected to be approximately 10 years. The goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes.
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The following table summarizes the allocation of purchase price to assets and liabilities acquired in connection with the Company's acquisition of Metropolitan based on their fair values on July 1, 2017.

Purchase Price: |  |
Shares issued to common shareholders | 4,883,182 |  |
Purchase price per share | $ | 43.74 |  |
Value of stock paid |  | $ | 213,590 |
Cash paid for fractional shares |  | 5 |
Cash settlement for stock options |  | 4,764 |
Deal charges, net of taxes |  | 1,102 |
Total Purchase Price |  | $ | 219,461 |
Net Assets Acquired: |  |
Stockholders’ equity at acquisition date | $ | 89,253 |  |
Increase (decrease) to net assets as a result of fair value adjustments to assets acquired and liabilities assumed: |  |
Securities | (731 | ) |
Mortgage loans held for sale | 30 |  |
Loans, net of Metropolitan's allowance for loan losses | (13,071 | ) |
Premises and equipment | (4,629 | ) |
Intangible assets, net of Metropolitan's existing intangibles | 2,340 |  |
Other real estate owned | (1,251 | ) |
Other assets | 2,731 |  |
Deposits | (3,603 | ) |
Borrowings | (1,294 | ) |
Other liabilities | 3,930 |  |
Deferred income taxes | 5,244 |  |
Total Net Assets Acquired |  | 78,949 |
Goodwill resulting from merger(1) |  | $ | 140,512 |

(1) The goodwill resulting from the merger has been assigned to the Community Banks operating segment.
The following table summarizes the fair value on July 1, 2017 of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at acquisition date in connection with the merger with Metropolitan. The Company is finalizing the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed related to the Metropolitan acquisition; accordingly, the amounts in the table remain subject to change.

Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 47,556 |
Securities |  | 108,697 |
Loans, including mortgage loans held for sale, net of unearned income |  | 967,804 |
Premises and equipment |  | 8,576 |
Other real estate owned |  | 1,203 |
Intangible assets |  | 147,478 |
Other assets |  | 69,567 |
Total assets |  | 1,350,881 |
Deposits |  | 942,084 |
Borrowings |  | 174,522 |
Other liabilities |  | 20,685 |
Total liabilities |  | 1,137,291 |

The following unaudited pro forma combined condensed consolidated financial information presents the results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 of the Company as though the Metropolitan merger had been completed as of January 1, 2016 (and that the KeyWorth merger, discussed below, was still completed on April 1, 2016). The unaudited estimated pro forma information combines the historical results of Metropolitan with the Company's historical consolidated results and
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includes certain adjustments reflecting the estimated impact of certain fair value adjustments for the periods presented. The pro forma information is not indicative of what would have occurred had the acquisition taken place on January 1, 2016. The pro forma information does not include the effect of any cost-saving or revenue-enhancing strategies. Merger expenses are reflected in the period in which they were incurred.

| Nine Months Ended
| September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Net interest income - pro forma (unaudited) | $ | 263,525 |  |  | $ | 252,366 |
Net income - pro forma (unaudited) | $ | 72,915 |  |  | $ | 75,744 |
Earnings per share - pro forma (unaudited): |  |  |
Basic | $ | 1.50 |  |  | $ | 1.68 |
Diluted | $ | 1.50 |  |  | $ | 1.67 |

Acquisition of KeyWorth Bank
Effective April 1, 2016, the Company completed its acquisition of KeyWorth in a transaction valued at approximately $58,884. The Company issued 1,680,021 shares of common stock and paid approximately $3,594 to KeyWorth stock option and warrant holders for 100% of the voting equity interest in KeyWorth. At closing, KeyWorth merged with and into Renasant Bank, with Renasant Bank the surviving banking corporation in the merger.
As a result of the KeyWorth acquisition, the Company acquired total assets with a fair value of $415,232, total loans with a fair value of $272,330 and total deposits with a fair value of $348,961, and six banking locations in the Atlanta metropolitan area.
The Company recorded approximately $22,643 in intangible assets which consist of goodwill of $20,633 and a core deposit intangible of $2,010. Goodwill resulted from a combination of revenue enhancements from expansion into new markets and efficiencies resulting from operational synergies. The fair value of the core deposit intangible is being amortized on an accelerated basis over the estimated useful life, currently expected to be approximately 10 years. The goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes.
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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Note 3 – Securities
(In Thousands, Except Number of Securities)
The amortized cost and fair value of securities held to maturity were as follows as of the dates presented:

| Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of other U.S. Government agencies and corporations | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
| $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of other U.S. Government agencies and corporations | $ | 14,101 |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | (187 | ) |  | $ | 13,918 |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | 342,181 |  |  | 8,572 |  |  | (1,778 | ) |  | 348,975 |
| $ | 356,282 |  |  | $ | 8,576 |  |  | $ | (1,965 | ) |  | $ | 362,893 |

In light of the ongoing fiscal uncertainty in many state and local governments, and the fact that the Company’s held to maturity portfolio consisted primarily of municipal securities, the Company analyzes its exposure to potential losses in its security portfolio on at least a quarterly basis. Management reviews the underlying credit rating and analyzes the financial condition of the respective issuers. Although the Company’s analysis of its securities portfolio in the third quarter of 2017 showed that the municipal securities held by the Company had not experienced significant deterioration as of the date of such analysis, the Company transferred all held to maturity securities to available for sale during the third quarter of 2017. This transfer gives management the flexibility to quickly liquidate any municipal securities should further analysis reveal more significant deterioration than has been experienced to date. At the date of transfer, the securities transferred had a carrying value of $365,941, which includes an unrealized gain of $13,218. At transfer, the unrealized gain was included in the carrying value of the securities portfolio and in accumulated other comprehensive loss presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The amortized cost and fair value of securities available for sale were as follows as of the dates presented:

| Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of other U.S. Government agencies and corporations | $ | 14,648 |  |  | $ | 74 |  |  | $ | (84 | ) |  | $ | 14,638 |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | 337,725 |  |  | 12,787 |  |  | (158 | ) |  | 350,354 |
Residential mortgage backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Government agency mortgage backed securities | 459,336 |  |  | 2,876 |  |  | (2,654 | ) |  | 459,558 |
Government agency collateralized mortgage obligations | 234,224 |  |  | 764 |  |  | (2,330 | ) |  | 232,658 |
Commercial mortgage backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Government agency mortgage backed securities | 45,340 |  |  | 762 |  |  | (173 | ) |  | 45,929 |
Government agency collateralized mortgage obligations | 11,354 |  |  | 89 |  |  | — |  |  | 11,443 |
Trust preferred securities | 12,454 |  |  | — |  |  | (3,494 | ) |  | 8,960 |
Other debt securities | 26,546 |  |  | 429 |  |  | (56 | ) |  | 26,919 |
| $ | 1,141,627 |  |  | $ | 17,781 |  |  | $ | (8,949 | ) |  | $ | 1,150,459 |

| Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of other U.S. Government agencies and corporations | $ | 2,066 |  |  | $ | 92 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,158 |
Residential mortgage backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Government agency mortgage backed securities | 414,019 |  |  | 1,941 |  |  | (6,643 | ) |  | 409,317 |
Government agency collateralized mortgage obligations | 171,362 |  |  | 831 |  |  | (3,367 | ) |  | 168,826 |
Commercial mortgage backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Government agency mortgage backed securities | 50,628 |  |  | 696 |  |  | (461 | ) |  | 50,863 |
Government agency collateralized mortgage obligations | 2,528 |  |  | 38 |  |  | (16 | ) |  | 2,550 |
Trust preferred securities | 23,749 |  |  | — |  |  | (5,360 | ) |  | 18,389 |
Other debt securities | 22,053 |  |  | 310 |  |  | (218 | ) |  | 22,145 |
| $ | 686,405 |  |  | $ | 3,908 |  |  | $ | (16,065 | ) |  | $ | 674,248 |

During the third quarter of 2017, the Company sold one of its pooled trust preferred securities (XXIV) with a carrying value of $9,346 at the time of sale for net proceeds of $9,403 resulting in a gain of $57 on the sale. The Company also sold certain securities acquired in connection with its acquisition of Metropolitan. These included $14,750 in mortgage backed securities and $16,395 in collateralized mortgage obligations, which were classified as available for sale, and $4,876 in obligations of states and political subdivisions, which were classified as held to maturity. These securities were sold at carrying value and did not result in a gain or loss. During the first nine months of 2017, the Company also sold residential mortgage backed securities with a carrying value of $2,946 at the time of sale for net proceeds of $2,946 resulting in no gain or loss on the sale. During the first nine months of 2016, the Company sold "other equity" securities with a carrying value of $2,842 at the time of sale for net proceeds of $4,028 resulting in a net gain of $1,186.
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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Gross realized gains and losses on sales of securities available for sale for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, were as follows:

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Gross gains on sales of securities available for sale | $ | 57 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 57 |  |  | $ | 1,257 |
Gross losses on sales of securities available for sale | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (71 | )
Gains on sales of securities available for sale, net | $ | 57 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 57 |  |  | $ | 1,186 |

At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, securities with a carrying value of $459,369 and $642,447, respectively, were pledged to secure government, public and trust deposits. Securities with a carrying value of $27,164 and $24,426 were pledged as collateral for short-term borrowings and derivative instruments at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
The amortized cost and fair value of securities at September 30, 2017 by contractual maturity are shown below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because issuers may call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

| Available for Sale
| Amortized Cost |  | Fair Value
Due within one year | $ | 23,491 |  |  | $ | 23,798 |
Due after one year through five years | 106,577 |  |  | 110,274 |
Due after five years through ten years | 147,761 |  |  | 153,199 |
Due after ten years | 94,150 |  |  | 93,983 |
Residential mortgage backed securities: |  |  |
Government agency mortgage backed securities | 459,336 |  |  | 459,558 |
Government agency collateralized mortgage obligations | 234,224 |  |  | 232,658 |
Commercial mortgage backed securities: |  |  |
Government agency mortgage backed securities | 45,340 |  |  | 45,929 |
Government agency collateralized mortgage obligations | 11,354 |  |  | 11,443 |
Other debt securities | 19,394 |  |  | 19,617 |
| $ | 1,141,627 |  |  | $ | 1,150,459 |

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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The following table presents the age of gross unrealized losses and fair value by investment category as of the dates presented:

| Less than 12 Months |  | 12 Months or More |  | Total
| # |  | Fair Value |  | Unrealized Losses |  | # |  | Fair Value |  | Unrealized Losses |  | # |  | Fair Value |  | Unrealized Losses
Held to Maturity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of other U.S. Government agencies and corporations | 4 |  | $ | 11,915 |  |  | $ | (187 | ) |  | 0 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 4 |  | $ | 11,915 |  |  | $ | (187 | )
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | 102 |  | 83,362 |  |  | (1,778 | ) |  | 0 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 102 |  | 83,362 |  |  | (1,778 | )
Total | 106 |  | $ | 95,277 |  |  | $ | (1,965 | ) |  | 0 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 106 |  | $ | 95,277 |  |  | $ | (1,965 | )
Available for Sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of other U.S. Government agencies and corporations | 4 |  | $ | 12,018 |  |  | $ | (84 | ) |  | 0 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 4 |  | $ | 12,018 |  |  | $ | (84 | )
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | 16 |  | 11,248 |  |  | (105 | ) |  | 3 |  | 2,037 |  |  | (53 | ) |  | 19 |  | 13,285 |  |  | (158 | )
Residential mortgage backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Government agency mortgage backed securities | 97 |  | 249,318 |  |  | (1,902 | ) |  | 12 |  | 31,392 |  |  | (752 | ) |  | 109 |  | 280,710 |  |  | (2,654 | )
Government agency collateralized mortgage obligations | 34 |  | 126,612 |  |  | (974 | ) |  | 19 |  | 44,790 |  |  | (1,356 | ) |  | 53 |  | 171,402 |  |  | (2,330 | )
Commercial mortgage backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Government agency mortgage backed securities | 4 |  | 9,906 |  |  | (25 | ) |  | 3 |  | 5,978 |  |  | (148 | ) |  | 7 |  | 15,884 |  |  | (173 | )
Government agency collateralized mortgage obligations | 0 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0 |  | — |  |  | — |
Trust preferred securities | 0 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  | 8,960 |  |  | (3,494 | ) |  | 2 |  | 8,960 |  |  | (3,494 | )
Other debt securities | 5 |  | 9,105 |  |  | (48 | ) |  | 1 |  | 1,205 |  |  | (8 | ) |  | 6 |  | 10,310 |  |  | (56 | )
Total | 160 |  | $ | 418,207 |  |  | $ | (3,138 | ) |  | 40 |  | $ | 94,362 |  |  | $ | (5,811 | ) |  | 200 |  | $ | 512,569 |  |  | $ | (8,949 | )
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of other U.S. Government agencies and corporations | 0 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 0 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 0 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Residential mortgage backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Government agency mortgage backed securities | 131 |  | 298,400 |  |  | (6,042 | ) |  | 5 |  | 11,504 |  |  | (601 | ) |  | 136 |  | 309,904 |  |  | (6,643 | )
Government agency collateralized mortgage obligations | 40 |  | 97,356 |  |  | (1,845 | ) |  | 14 |  | 33,786 |  |  | (1,522 | ) |  | 54 |  | 131,142 |  |  | (3,367 | )
Commercial mortgage backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Government agency mortgage backed securities | 9 |  | 21,933 |  |  | (453 | ) |  | 2 |  | 1,101 |  |  | (8 | ) |  | 11 |  | 23,034 |  |  | (461 | )
Government agency collateralized mortgage obligations | 1 |  | 1,729 |  |  | (16 | ) |  | 0 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  | 1,729 |  |  | (16 | )
Trust preferred securities | 0 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |  | 18,389 |  |  | (5,360 | ) |  | 3 |  | 18,389 |  |  | (5,360 | )
Other debt securities | 3 |  | 7,946 |  |  | (208 | ) |  | 2 |  | 2,475 |  |  | (10 | ) |  | 5 |  | 10,421 |  |  | (218 | )
Total | 184 |  | $ | 427,364 |  |  | $ | (8,564 | ) |  | 26 |  | $ | 67,255 |  |  | $ | (7,501 | ) |  | 210 |  | $ | 494,619 |  |  | $ | (16,065 | )

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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The Company evaluates its investment portfolio for other-than-temporary-impairment (“OTTI”) on a quarterly basis. Impairment is assessed at the individual security level. The Company considers an investment security impaired if the fair value of the security is less than its cost or amortized cost basis. Impairment is considered to be other-than-temporary if the Company intends to sell the investment security or if the Company does not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security before the Company is required to sell the security or before the security’s maturity.
The Company does not intend to sell any securities in an unrealized loss position that it holds, and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell any such security prior to the recovery of its amortized cost basis, which may be at maturity. Furthermore, even though a number of these securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for a period greater than twelve months, the Company has experienced an overall improvement in the fair value of its investment portfolio and is collecting principal and interest payments from the respective issuers as scheduled. As such, the Company did not record any OTTI for the three or nine months ended September 30, 2017 or 2016.
The Company holds investments in pooled trust preferred securities that had an amortized cost basis of $12,454 and $23,749 and a fair value of $8,960 and $18,389 at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. At September 30, 2017, the investments in pooled trust preferred securities consisted of two securities representing interests in various tranches of trusts collateralized by debt issued by over 160 financial institutions. Management’s determination of the fair value of each of its holdings in pooled trust preferred securities is based on the current credit ratings, the known deferrals and defaults by the underlying issuing financial institutions and the degree to which future deferrals and defaults would be required to occur before the cash flow for the Company’s tranches is negatively impacted. In addition, management continually monitors key credit quality and capital ratios of the issuing institutions. This determination is further supported by quarterly valuations, which are performed by third parties, of each security obtained by the Company. The Company does not intend to sell the investments before recovery of the investments' amortized cost, and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investments before recovery of the investments’ amortized cost, which may be at maturity. At September 30, 2017, management did not, and does not currently, believe such securities will be settled at a price less than the amortized cost of the investment, but the Company previously concluded that it was probable that there had been an adverse change in estimated cash flows for both trust preferred securities and recognized credit related impairment losses on these securities in 2011. No additional impairment was recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.
The following table provides information regarding the Company’s investments in pooled trust preferred securities at September 30, 2017:

Name | Single/ Pooled |  | Class/ Tranche |  | Amortized Cost |  | Fair Value |  | Unrealized Loss |  | Lowest Credit Rating |  | Issuers Currently in Deferral or Default
XXIII | Pooled |  | B-2 |  | $ | 8,302 |  |  | $ | 5,813 |  |  | $ | (2,489 | ) |  | A1 |  | 15 | %
XXVI | Pooled |  | B-2 |  | 4,152 |  |  | 3,147 |  |  | (1,005 | ) |  | Ba3 |  | 19 | %
|  |  |  |  | $ | 12,454 |  |  | $ | 8,960 |  |  | $ | (3,494 | ) |  |  |  |

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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The following table provides a summary of the cumulative credit related losses recognized in earnings for which a portion of OTTI has been recognized in other comprehensive income:

| 2017 |  | 2016
Balance at January 1 | $ | (3,337 | ) |  | $ | (3,337 | )
Additions related to credit losses for which OTTI was not previously recognized | — |  |  | — |
Increases in credit loss for which OTTI was previously recognized | — |  |  | — |
Reductions for securities sold during the period | $ | 3,076 |  |  | $ | — |
Balance at September 30 | $ | (261 | ) |  | $ | (3,337 | )

Note 4 – Non Purchased Loans
(In Thousands, Except Number of Loans)
For purposes of this Note 4, all references to “loans” mean non purchased loans.
The following is a summary of non purchased loans and leases as of the dates presented:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 707,835 |  |  | $ | 589,290 |
Lease financing | 54,688 |  |  | 49,250 |
Real estate – construction | 477,638 |  |  | 483,926 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 1,644,060 |  |  | 1,425,730 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 2,311,340 |  |  | 2,075,137 |
Installment loans to individuals | 100,692 |  |  | 92,648 |
Gross loans | 5,296,253 |  |  | 4,715,981 |
Unearned income | (2,786 | ) |  | (2,409 | )
Loans, net of unearned income | 5,293,467 |  |  | 4,713,572 |

Past Due and Nonaccrual Loans
Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. Generally, the recognition of interest on mortgage and commercial loans is discontinued at the time the loan is 90 days past due unless the credit is well-secured and in process of collection. Consumer and other retail loans are typically charged-off no later than the time the loan is 120 days past due. In all cases, loans are placed on nonaccrual status or charged-off at an earlier date if collection of principal or interest is considered doubtful. Loans may be placed on nonaccrual status regardless of whether or not such loans are considered past due. All interest accrued for the current year, but not collected, for loans that are placed on nonaccrual status or charged-off is reversed against interest income. The interest on these loans is accounted for on the cash-basis or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual status. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.
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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The following table provides an aging of past due and nonaccrual loans, segregated by class, as of the dates presented:

| Accruing Loans |  | Nonaccruing Loans |  |
| 30-89 Days Past Due |  | 90 Days or More Past Due |  | Current Loans |  | Total Loans |  | 30-89 Days Past Due |  | 90 Days or More Past Due |  | Current Loans |  | Total Loans |  | Total Loans
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 1,808 |  |  | $ | 774 |  |  | $ | 703,574 |  |  | $ | 706,156 |  |  | $ | 538 |  |  | $ | 863 |  |  | $ | 278 |  |  | $ | 1,679 |  |  | $ | 707,835 |
Lease financing | 476 |  |  | — |  |  | 54,047 |  |  | 54,523 |  |  | — |  |  | 165 |  |  | — |  |  | 165 |  |  | 54,688 |
Real estate – construction | 403 |  |  | — |  |  | 477,235 |  |  | 477,638 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 477,638 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 6,307 |  |  | 984 |  |  | 1,632,983 |  |  | 1,640,274 |  |  | 210 |  |  | 1,342 |  |  | 2,234 |  |  | 3,786 |  |  | 1,644,060 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 3,140 |  |  | 1,505 |  |  | 2,302,423 |  |  | 2,307,068 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,303 |  |  | 2,969 |  |  | 4,272 |  |  | 2,311,340 |
Installment loans to individuals | 258 |  |  | 32 |  |  | 100,334 |  |  | 100,624 |  |  | — |  |  | 45 |  |  | 23 |  |  | 68 |  |  | 100,692 |
Unearned income | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,786 | ) |  | (2,786 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,786 | )
Total | $ | 12,392 |  |  | $ | 3,295 |  |  | $ | 5,267,810 |  |  | $ | 5,283,497 |  |  | $ | 748 |  |  | $ | 3,718 |  |  | $ | 5,504 |  |  | $ | 9,970 |  |  | $ | 5,293,467 |
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 811 |  |  | $ | 720 |  |  | $ | 586,730 |  |  | $ | 588,261 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 932 |  |  | $ | 97 |  |  | $ | 1,029 |  |  | $ | 589,290 |
Lease financing | 193 |  |  | — |  |  | 48,919 |  |  | 49,112 |  |  | — |  |  | 138 |  |  | — |  |  | 138 |  |  | 49,250 |
Real estate – construction | 995 |  |  | — |  |  | 482,931 |  |  | 483,926 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 483,926 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 6,189 |  |  | 1,136 |  |  | 1,414,254 |  |  | 1,421,579 |  |  | 161 |  |  | 1,222 |  |  | 2,768 |  |  | 4,151 |  |  | 1,425,730 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 2,283 |  |  | 99 |  |  | 2,066,821 |  |  | 2,069,203 |  |  | 580 |  |  | 2,778 |  |  | 2,576 |  |  | 5,934 |  |  | 2,075,137 |
Installment loans to individuals | 324 |  |  | 124 |  |  | 92,179 |  |  | 92,627 |  |  | — |  |  | 21 |  |  | — |  |  | 21 |  |  | 92,648 |
Unearned income | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,409 | ) |  | (2,409 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,409 | )
Total | $ | 10,795 |  |  | $ | 2,079 |  |  | $ | 4,689,425 |  |  | $ | 4,702,299 |  |  | $ | 741 |  |  | $ | 5,091 |  |  | $ | 5,441 |  |  | $ | 11,273 |  |  | $ | 4,713,572 |

Impaired Loans
A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Impairment is measured on a loan-by-loan basis for commercial, consumer and construction loans above a minimum dollar amount threshold by, as applicable, the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s obtainable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are evaluated collectively for impairment. When the ultimate collectability of an impaired loan’s principal is in doubt, wholly or partially, all cash receipts are applied to principal. Once the recorded balance has been reduced to zero, future cash receipts are applied to interest income, to the extent any interest has been foregone, and then they are recorded as recoveries of any amounts previously charged-off. For impaired loans, a specific reserve is established to adjust the carrying value of the loan to its estimated net realizable value.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Loans accounted for under FASB ASC 310-20, “Nonrefundable Fees and Other Cost” (“ASC 310-20”), and which are impaired loans recognized in conformity with ASC 310, “Receivables” (“ASC 310”), segregated by class, were as follows as of the dates presented:

| Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance |  | Recorded Investment With Allowance |  | Recorded Investment With No Allowance |  | Total Recorded Investment |  | Related Allowance
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 2,118 |  |  | $ | 1,843 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,843 |  |  | $ | 30 |
Real estate – construction | 897 |  |  | 897 |  |  | — |  |  | 897 |  |  | 4 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 10,508 |  |  | 8,004 |  |  | 704 |  |  | 8,708 |  |  | 809 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 9,777 |  |  | 7,189 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,189 |  |  | 1,958 |
Installment loans to individuals | 140 |  |  | 136 |  |  | — |  |  | 136 |  |  | 1 |
Total | $ | 23,440 |  |  | $ | 18,069 |  |  | $ | 704 |  |  | $ | 18,773 |  |  | $ | 2,802 |
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 1,577 |  |  | $ | 1,175 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,175 |  |  | $ | 136 |
Real estate – construction | 517 |  |  | 517 |  |  | — |  |  | 517 |  |  | 1 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 10,823 |  |  | 9,207 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,207 |  |  | 1,091 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 15,007 |  |  | 10,053 |  |  | 568 |  |  | 10,621 |  |  | 2,397 |
Installment loans to individuals | 87 |  |  | 87 |  |  | — |  |  | 87 |  |  | 1 |
Totals | $ | 28,011 |  |  | $ | 21,039 |  |  | $ | 568 |  |  | $ | 21,607 |  |  | $ | 3,626 |

The following table presents the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on loans accounted for under ASC 310-20 and which are impaired loans for the periods presented:

| Three Months Ended |  | Three Months Ended
| September 30, 2017 |  | September 30, 2016
| Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized |  | Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 1,960 |  |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | 1,841 |  |  | $ | 22 |
Real estate – construction | 897 |  |  | 33 |  |  | 862 |  |  | 26 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 8,897 |  |  | 71 |  |  | 16,119 |  |  | 97 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 7,575 |  |  | 46 |  |  | 10,953 |  |  | 46 |
Installment loans to individuals | 140 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 67 |  |  | 1 |
Total | $ | 19,469 |  |  | $ | 159 |  |  | $ | 29,842 |  |  | $ | 192 |

| Nine Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, 2017 |  | September 30, 2016
| Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized |  | Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 2,140 |  |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | 1,762 |  |  | $ | 42 |
Real estate – construction | 861 |  |  | 36 |  |  | 671 |  |  | 27 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 8,944 |  |  | 165 |  |  | 16,354 |  |  | 283 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 7,844 |  |  | 134 |  |  | 11,800 |  |  | 236 |
Installment loans to individuals | 148 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 67 |  |  | 2 |
Total | $ | 19,937 |  |  | $ | 345 |  |  | $ | 30,654 |  |  | $ | 590 |

Restructured Loans
Restructured loans are those for which concessions have been granted to the borrower due to a deterioration of the borrower’s financial condition and which are performing in accordance with the new terms. Such concessions may include reduction in interest
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
rates or deferral of interest or principal payments. In evaluating whether to restructure a loan, management analyzes the long-term financial condition of the borrower, including guarantor and collateral support, to determine whether the proposed concessions will increase the likelihood of repayment of principal and interest.
The following tables illustrate the impact of modifications classified as restructured loans which were held on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at period end and are segregated by class for the periods presented.

| Number of Loans |  | Pre- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |  | Post- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
Three months ended September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 4 |  |  | $ | 307 |  |  | $ | 307 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 1 |  |  | 230 |  |  | 175 |
Installment loans to individuals | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | 5 |  |  | $ | 537 |  |  | $ | 482 |
Three months ended September 30, 2016 |  |  |  |  |
Real estate – construction | 1 |  |  | 510 |  |  | 510 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 2 |  |  | $ | 194 |  |  | $ | 147 |
Total | 3 |  |  | $ | 704 |  |  | $ | 657 |

| Number of Loans |  | Pre- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |  | Post- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
Nine months ended September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 9 |  |  | $ | 611 |  |  | $ | 601 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 3 |  |  | 683 |  |  | 318 |
Installment loans to individuals | 1 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 3 |
Total | 13 |  |  | $ | 1,298 |  |  | $ | 922 |
Nine months ended September 30, 2016 |  |  |  |  |
Real estate – construction | 1 |  |  | 510 |  |  | 510 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 10 |  |  | $ | 1,199 |  |  | $ | 1,096 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 1 |  |  | 529 |  |  | 525 |
Total | 12 |  |  | $ | 2,238 |  |  | $ | 2,131 |

Restructured loans not performing in accordance with their restructured terms that are either contractually 90 days or more past due or placed on nonaccrual status are reported as nonperforming loans. There were three restructured loans in the amount of $597 contractually 90 days past due or more and still accruing at September 30, 2017 and no restructured loans contractually 90 days past due or more and still accruing at September 30, 2016. The outstanding balance of restructured loans on nonaccrual status was $4,651 and $6,485 at September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively.
Changes in the Company’s restructured loans are set forth in the table below:
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

| Number of Loans |  | Recorded Investment
Totals at January 1, 2017 | 53 |  |  | $ | 7,447 |
Additional loans with concessions | 13 |  |  | 965 |
Reclassified as performing | 1 |  |  | 55 |
Reductions due to: |  |  |
Reclassified as nonperforming | (5 | ) |  | (670 | )
Paid in full | (7 | ) |  | (1,086 | )
Charge-offs | (1 | ) |  | (250 | )
Principal paydowns | — |  |  | (238 | )
Lapse of concession period | (1 | ) |  | (923 | )
Totals at September 30, 2017 | 53 |  |  | $ | 5,300 |

The allocated allowance for loan losses attributable to restructured loans was $98 and $287 at September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively. The Company had no remaining availability under commitments to lend additional funds on these restructured loans at September 30, 2017 and had $11 in remaining availability under commitments to lend additional funds on restructured loans at September 30, 2016.
Credit Quality
For commercial and commercial real estate loans, internal risk-rating grades are assigned by lending, credit administration or loan review personnel, based on an analysis of the financial and collateral strength and other credit attributes underlying each loan. Management analyzes the resulting ratings, as well as other external statistics and factors such as delinquency, to track the migration performance of the portfolio balances of these loans. Loan grades range between 1 and 9, with 1 being loans with the least credit risk. Loans that migrate toward the “Pass” grade (those with a risk rating between 1 and 4) or within the “Pass” grade generally have a lower risk of loss and therefore a lower risk factor applied to the loan balances. The “Watch” grade (those with a risk rating of 5) is utilized on a temporary basis for “Pass” grade loans where a significant adverse risk-modifying action is anticipated in the near term. Loans that migrate toward the “Substandard” grade (those with a risk rating between 6 and 9) generally have a higher risk of loss and therefore a higher risk factor applied to the related loan balances. The following table presents the Company’s loan portfolio by risk-rating grades as of the dates presented:

| Pass |  | Watch |  | Substandard |  | Total
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 522,410 |  |  | $ | 4,505 |  |  | $ | 726 |  |  | $ | 527,641 |
Real estate – construction | 415,168 |  |  | 130 |  |  | 88 |  |  | 415,386 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 247,584 |  |  | 3,778 |  |  | 5,492 |  |  | 256,854 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 1,964,371 |  |  | 13,408 |  |  | 10,654 |  |  | 1,988,433 |
Installment loans to individuals | 504 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 504 |
Total | $ | 3,150,037 |  |  | $ | 21,821 |  |  | $ | 16,960 |  |  | $ | 3,188,818 |
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 434,323 |  |  | $ | 4,531 |  |  | $ | 850 |  |  | $ | 439,704 |
Real estate – construction | 402,156 |  |  | 393 |  |  | — |  |  | 402,549 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 190,882 |  |  | 3,374 |  |  | 6,129 |  |  | 200,385 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 1,734,523 |  |  | 18,118 |  |  | 13,088 |  |  | 1,765,729 |
Total | $ | 2,761,884 |  |  | $ | 26,416 |  |  | $ | 20,067 |  |  | $ | 2,808,367 |

For portfolio balances of consumer, small balance consumer mortgage loans, such as 1-4 family mortgage loans and certain other loans originated for other than commercial purposes, allowance factors are determined based on historical loss ratios by portfolio for the preceding eight quarters and may be adjusted by other qualitative criteria. The following table presents the performing status of the Company’s loan portfolio not subject to risk rating as of the dates presented:
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

| Performing |  | Non- Performing |  | Total
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 178,294 |  |  | $ | 1,900 |  |  | $ | 180,194 |
Lease financing | 51,737 |  |  | 165 |  |  | 51,902 |
Real estate – construction | 62,252 |  |  | — |  |  | 62,252 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 1,384,865 |  |  | 2,341 |  |  | 1,387,206 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 321,404 |  |  | 1,503 |  |  | 322,907 |
Installment loans to individuals | 100,088 |  |  | 100 |  |  | 100,188 |
Total | $ | 2,098,640 |  |  | $ | 6,009 |  |  | $ | 2,104,649 |
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 148,499 |  |  | $ | 1,087 |  |  | $ | 149,586 |
Lease financing | 46,703 |  |  | 138 |  |  | 46,841 |
Real estate – construction | 81,377 |  |  | — |  |  | 81,377 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 1,222,816 |  |  | 2,529 |  |  | 1,225,345 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 308,609 |  |  | 799 |  |  | 309,408 |
Installment loans to individuals | 92,504 |  |  | 144 |  |  | 92,648 |
Total | $ | 1,900,508 |  |  | $ | 4,697 |  |  | $ | 1,905,205 |

Note 5 – Purchased Loans
(In Thousands, Except Number of Loans)
For purposes of this Note 5, all references to “loans” mean purchased loans.
The following is a summary of purchased loans as of the dates presented:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 301,100 |  |  | $ | 128,200 |
Real estate – construction | 100,082 |  |  | 68,753 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 651,792 |  |  | 452,447 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 1,079,049 |  |  | 823,758 |
Installment loans to individuals | 23,118 |  |  | 15,979 |
Gross loans | 2,155,141 |  |  | 1,489,137 |
Unearned income | — |  |  | — |
Loans, net of unearned income | 2,155,141 |  |  | 1,489,137 |

Past Due and Nonaccrual Loans
The Company’s policies with respect to placing loans on nonaccrual status or charging off loans, and its accounting for interest on any such loans, are described above in Note 4, “Non Purchased Loans.”
The following table provides an aging of past due and nonaccrual loans, segregated by class, as of the dates presented:
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

| Accruing Loans |  | Nonaccruing Loans |  |
| 30-89 Days Past Due |  | 90 Days or More Past Due |  | Current Loans |  | Total Loans |  | 30-89 Days Past Due |  | 90 Days or More Past Due |  | Current Loans |  | Total Loans |  | Total Loans
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 616 |  |  | $ | 481 |  |  | $ | 299,473 |  |  | $ | 300,570 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 287 |  |  | $ | 243 |  |  | $ | 530 |  |  | $ | 301,100 |
Real estate – construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | 100,082 |  |  | 100,082 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 100,082 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 3,650 |  |  | 2,294 |  |  | 642,147 |  |  | 648,091 |  |  | 139 |  |  | 1,422 |  |  | 2,140 |  |  | 3,701 |  |  | 651,792 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 3,448 |  |  | 4,566 |  |  | 1,070,563 |  |  | 1,078,577 |  |  | 196 |  |  | 99 |  |  | 177 |  |  | 472 |  |  | 1,079,049 |
Installment loans to individuals | 346 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 22,599 |  |  | 22,953 |  |  | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | 162 |  |  | 165 |  |  | 23,118 |
Total | $ | 8,060 |  |  | $ | 7,349 |  |  | $ | 2,134,864 |  |  | $ | 2,150,273 |  |  | $ | 338 |  |  | $ | 1,808 |  |  | $ | 2,722 |  |  | $ | 4,868 |  |  | $ | 2,155,141 |
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 823 |  |  | $ | 990 |  |  | $ | 125,417 |  |  | $ | 127,230 |  |  | $ | 260 |  |  | $ | 381 |  |  | $ | 329 |  |  | $ | 970 |  |  | $ | 128,200 |
Real estate – construction | 527 |  |  | 321 |  |  | 67,760 |  |  | 68,608 |  |  | — |  |  | 145 |  |  | — |  |  | 145 |  |  | 68,753 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 4,572 |  |  | 3,382 |  |  | 440,258 |  |  | 448,212 |  |  | 417 |  |  | 2,047 |  |  | 1,771 |  |  | 4,235 |  |  | 452,447 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 3,045 |  |  | 6,112 |  |  | 808,886 |  |  | 818,043 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,661 |  |  | 3,054 |  |  | 5,715 |  |  | 823,758 |
Installment loans to individuals | 96 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 15,591 |  |  | 15,697 |  |  | — |  |  | 156 |  |  | 126 |  |  | 282 |  |  | 15,979 |
Total | $ | 9,063 |  |  | $ | 10,815 |  |  | $ | 1,457,912 |  |  | $ | 1,477,790 |  |  | $ | 677 |  |  | $ | 5,390 |  |  | $ | 5,280 |  |  | $ | 11,347 |  |  | $ | 1,489,137 |

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Impaired Loans
The Company’s policies with respect to the determination of whether a loan is impaired and the treatment of such loans are described above in Note 4, “Non Purchased Loans.”
Loans accounted for under ASC 310-20, and which are impaired loans recognized in conformity with ASC 310, segregated by class, were as follows as of the dates presented:

| Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance |  | Recorded Investment With Allowance |  | Recorded Investment With No Allowance |  | Total Recorded Investment |  | Related Allowance
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 459 |  |  | $ | 433 |  |  | $ | 15 |  |  | $ | 448 |  |  | $ | 66 |
Real estate – construction | 1,837 |  |  | 759 |  |  | 1,074 |  |  | 1,833 |  |  | 5 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 5,239 |  |  | 1,521 |  |  | 3,118 |  |  | 4,639 |  |  | 46 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 897 |  |  | 720 |  |  | 169 |  |  | 889 |  |  | 5 |
Installment loans to individuals | 167 |  |  | 154 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 165 |  |  | 4 |
Total | $ | 8,599 |  |  | $ | 3,587 |  |  | $ | 4,387 |  |  | $ | 7,974 |  |  | $ | 126 |
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 732 |  |  | $ | 487 |  |  | $ | 224 |  |  | $ | 711 |  |  | $ | 310 |
Real estate – construction | 147 |  |  | 145 |  |  | — |  |  | 145 |  |  | — |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 3,095 |  |  | 1,496 |  |  | 1,385 |  |  | 2,881 |  |  | 43 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 2,485 |  |  | 2,275 |  |  | 183 |  |  | 2,458 |  |  | 48 |
Installment loans to individuals | 215 |  |  | 135 |  |  | 55 |  |  | 190 |  |  | 114 |
Totals | $ | 6,674 |  |  | $ | 4,538 |  |  | $ | 1,847 |  |  | $ | 6,385 |  |  | $ | 515 |

The following table presents the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on loans accounted for under ASC 310-20 and which are impaired loans for the periods presented:

| Three Months Ended |  | Three Months Ended
| September 30, 2017 |  | September 30, 2016
| Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized |  | Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 413 |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | 2,387 |  |  | $ | 28 |
Real estate – construction | 829 |  |  | 62 |  |  | 1,010 |  |  | 26 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 5,174 |  |  | 41 |  |  | 18,914 |  |  | 114 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 899 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 13,425 |  |  | 87 |
Installment loans to individuals | 167 |  |  | — |  |  | 234 |  |  | 1 |
Total | $ | 7,482 |  |  | $ | 117 |  |  | $ | 35,970 |  |  | $ | 256 |

| Nine Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, 2017 |  | September 30, 2016
| Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized |  | Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 332 |  |  | $ | 9 |  |  | $ | 2,233 |  |  | $ | 48 |
Real estate – construction | 741 |  |  | 62 |  |  | 819 |  |  | 28 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 5,221 |  |  | 103 |  |  | 19,146 |  |  | 309 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 915 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 14,271 |  |  | 294 |
Installment loans to individuals | 169 |  |  | — |  |  | 239 |  |  | 2 |
Total | $ | 7,378 |  |  | $ | 199 |  |  | $ | 36,708 |  |  | $ | 681 |

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Loans accounted for under ASC 310-30, “Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality” (“ASC 310-30”), and which are impaired loans recognized in conformity with ASC 310, segregated by class, were as follows as of the dates presented:

| Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance |  | Recorded Investment With Allowance |  | Recorded Investment With No Allowance |  | Total Recorded Investment |  | Related Allowance
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 26,853 |  |  | $ | 6,770 |  |  | $ | 10,689 |  |  | $ | 17,459 |  |  | $ | 325 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 71,858 |  |  | 17,639 |  |  | 42,130 |  |  | 59,769 |  |  | 614 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 198,563 |  |  | 65,175 |  |  | 100,791 |  |  | 165,966 |  |  | 985 |
Installment loans to individuals | 1,824 |  |  | 693 |  |  | 992 |  |  | 1,685 |  |  | 1 |
Total | $ | 299,098 |  |  | $ | 90,277 |  |  | $ | 154,602 |  |  | $ | 244,879 |  |  | $ | 1,925 |
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 20,697 |  |  | $ | 4,555 |  |  | $ | 7,439 |  |  | $ | 11,994 |  |  | $ | 372 |
Real estate – construction | 1,141 |  |  | — |  |  | 840 |  |  | 840 |  |  | — |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 86,725 |  |  | 21,887 |  |  | 50,065 |  |  | 71,952 |  |  | 841 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 229,075 |  |  | 62,449 |  |  | 122,538 |  |  | 184,987 |  |  | 1,606 |
Installment loans to individuals | 2,466 |  |  | 366 |  |  | 1,619 |  |  | 1,985 |  |  | 1 |
Totals | $ | 340,104 |  |  | $ | 89,257 |  |  | $ | 182,501 |  |  | $ | 271,758 |  |  | $ | 2,820 |

The following table presents the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on loans accounted for under ASC 310-30 and which are impaired loans for the periods presented:

| Three Months Ended |  | Three Months Ended
| September 30, 2017 |  | September 30, 2016
| Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized |  | Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 14,201 |  |  | $ | 507 |  |  | $ | 15,317 |  |  | $ | 252 |
Real estate – construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | 987 |  |  | 15 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 67,802 |  |  | 808 |  |  | 92,830 |  |  | 1,056 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 174,394 |  |  | 2,578 |  |  | 226,533 |  |  | 2,635 |
Installment loans to individuals | 1,812 |  |  | 18 |  |  | 2,509 |  |  | 25 |
Total | $ | 258,209 |  |  | $ | 3,911 |  |  | $ | 338,176 |  |  | $ | 3,983 |

| Nine Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, 2017 |  | September 30, 2016
| Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized |  | Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 13,530 |  |  | $ | 988 |  |  | $ | 15,768 |  |  | $ | 839 |
Real estate – construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | 991 |  |  | 48 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 68,933 |  |  | 2,301 |  |  | 93,900 |  |  | 3,000 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 177,039 |  |  | 6,886 |  |  | 224,004 |  |  | 7,859 |
Installment loans to individuals | 1,865 |  |  | 55 |  |  | 2,625 |  |  | 80 |
Total | $ | 261,367 |  |  | $ | 10,230 |  |  | $ | 337,288 |  |  | $ | 11,826 |

Restructured Loans
An explanation of what constitutes a “restructured loan,” and management’s analysis in determining whether to restructure a loan, are described above in Note 4, “Non Purchased Loans.”
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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The following tables illustrate the impact of modifications classified as restructured loans which were held on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at period end and are segregated by class for the periods presented:

| Number of Loans |  | Pre- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |  | Post- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
Three months ended September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 18 |  |  | $ | 1,624 |  |  | $ | 1,189 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 1 |  |  | 393 |  |  | 244 |
Total | 19 |  |  | $ | 2,017 |  |  | $ | 1,433 |
Three months ended September 30, 2016 |  |  |  |  |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 2 |  |  | $ | 132 |  |  | $ | 120 |
Total | 2 |  |  | $ | 132 |  |  | $ | 120 |

| Number of Loans |  | Pre- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |  | Post- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
Nine months ended September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 28 |  |  | $ | 3,789 |  |  | $ | 3,062 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 3 |  |  | 2,851 |  |  | 2,025 |
Total | 31 |  |  | $ | 6,640 |  |  | $ | 5,087 |
Nine months ended September 30, 2016 |  |  |  |  |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 7 |  |  | $ | 412 |  |  | $ | 325 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 1 |  |  | 83 |  |  | 81 |
Total | 8 |  |  | $ | 495 |  |  | $ | 406 |

There were two restructured loans in the amount of $146 contractually 90 days past due or more and still accruing at September 30, 2017 and no restructured loans contractually 90 days past due or more and still accruing at September 30, 2016. The outstanding balance of restructured loans on nonaccrual status was $504 and $3,279 at September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively.
Changes in the Company’s restructured loans are set forth in the table below:

| Number of Loans |  | Recorded Investment
Totals at January 1, 2017 | 42 |  |  | $ | 4,028 |
Additional loans with concessions | 31 |  |  | 5,182 |
Reclassified as performing restructured loan | 6 |  |  | 534 |
Reductions due to: |  |  |
Reclassified to nonperforming loans | (8 | ) |  | (679 | )
Paid in full | (1 | ) |  | (6 | )
Charge-offs | (1 | ) |  | (17 | )
Principal paydowns | — |  |  | (278 | )
Lapse of concession period | (1 | ) |  | (101 | )
Totals at September 30, 2017 | 68 |  |  | $ | 8,663 |

The allocated allowance for loan losses attributable to restructured loans was $97 and $34 at September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively. The Company had $7 in remaining availability under commitments to lend additional funds on these
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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
restructured loans at September 30, 2017 and no remaining availability under commitments to lend additional funds on these restructured loans at September 30, 2016.
Credit Quality
A discussion of the Company’s policies regarding internal risk-rating of loans is discussed above in Note 4, “Non Purchased Loans.” The following table presents the Company’s loan portfolio by risk-rating grades as of the dates presented:

| Pass |  | Watch |  | Substandard |  | Total
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 269,798 |  |  | $ | 2,381 |  |  | $ | 663 |  |  | $ | 272,842 |
Real estate – construction | 92,825 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 92,825 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 105,040 |  |  | 6,042 |  |  | 252 |  |  | 111,334 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 877,455 |  |  | 7,583 |  |  | 1,835 |  |  | 886,873 |
Installment loans to individuals | 696 |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | 699 |
Total | $ | 1,345,814 |  |  | $ | 16,006 |  |  | $ | 2,753 |  |  | $ | 1,364,573 |
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 102,777 |  |  | $ | 2,370 |  |  | $ | 1,491 |  |  | $ | 106,638 |
Real estate – construction | 61,206 |  |  | 2,640 |  |  | — |  |  | 63,846 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 105,265 |  |  | 7,665 |  |  | 364 |  |  | 113,294 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 608,192 |  |  | 8,445 |  |  | 723 |  |  | 617,360 |
Installment loans to individuals | — |  |  | — |  |  | 114 |  |  | 114 |
Total | $ | 877,440 |  |  | $ | 21,120 |  |  | $ | 2,692 |  |  | $ | 901,252 |

The following table presents the performing status of the Company’s loan portfolio not subject to risk rating as of the dates presented:

| Performing |  | Non- Performing |  | Total
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 10,741 |  |  | $ | 58 |  |  | $ | 10,799 |
Real estate – construction | 7,257 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,257 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 479,069 |  |  | 1,620 |  |  | 480,689 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 26,088 |  |  | 122 |  |  | 26,210 |
Installment loans to individuals | 20,572 |  |  | 162 |  |  | 20,734 |
Total | $ | 543,727 |  |  | $ | 1,962 |  |  | $ | 545,689 |
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 9,489 |  |  | $ | 79 |  |  | $ | 9,568 |
Real estate – construction | 3,601 |  | 5 |  | 466 |  |  | 4,067 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 265,697 |  |  | 1,504 |  |  | 267,201 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 21,353 |  |  | 58 |  |  | 21,411 |
Installment loans to individuals | 13,712 |  |  | 168 |  |  | 13,880 |
Total | $ | 313,852 |  |  | $ | 2,275 |  |  | $ | 316,127 |

Loans Purchased with Deteriorated Credit Quality
Loans purchased in business combinations that exhibited, at the date of acquisition, evidence of deterioration of the credit quality since origination, such that it was probable that all contractually required payments would not be collected, were as follows as of the dates presented:
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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

| Total Purchased Credit Deteriorated Loans
September 30, 2017 |
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 17,459 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 59,769 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 165,966 |
Installment loans to individuals | 1,685 |
Total | $ | 244,879 |
December 31, 2016 |
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 11,994 |
Real estate – construction | 840 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 71,952 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 184,987 |
Installment loans to individuals | 1,985 |
Total | $ | 271,758 |

The following table presents the fair value of loans that exhibited evidence of deteriorated credit quality at the time of acquisition at September 30, 2017:

| Total Purchased Credit Deteriorated Loans
Contractually-required principal and interest | $ | 340,513 |
Nonaccretable difference(1) | (61,435 | )
Cash flows expected to be collected | 279,078 |
Accretable yield(2) | (34,199 | )
Fair value | $ | 244,879 |

(1) | Represents contractual principal and interest cash flows of $52,109 and $9,326, respectively, not expected to be collected.

(2) | Represents contractual principal and interest cash flows of $1,643 and $32,556, respectively, expected to be collected.

Changes in the accretable yield of loans purchased with deteriorated credit quality were as follows:

| Total Purchased Credit Deteriorated Loans
Balance at January 1, 2017 | $ | (37,474 | )
Additions due to acquisition | (1,794 | )
Reclasses from nonaccretable difference | (7,718 | )
Accretion | 11,619 |
Charge-offs | 1,168 |
Balance at September 30, 2017 | $ | (34,199 | )

The following table presents the fair value of loans purchased from KeyWorth as of the April 1, 2016 acquisition date.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

At acquisition date: |  | April 1, 2016
Contractually-required principal and interest |  | $ | 289,495 |
Nonaccretable difference |  | (3,848 | )
Cash flows expected to be collected |  | 285,647 |
Accretable yield |  | (13,317 | )
Fair value |  | $ | 272,330 |

The following table presents the fair value of loans purchased from Metropolitan as of the July 1, 2017 acquisition date.

At acquisition date: |  | July 1, 2017
Contractually-required principal and interest |  | $ | 1,198,132 |
Nonaccretable difference |  | (80,887 | )
Cash flows expected to be collected |  | 1,117,245 |
Accretable yield |  | (152,821 | )
Fair value |  | $ | 964,424 |

Note 6 – Allowance for Loan Losses
(In Thousands, Except Number of Loans)
The following is a summary of total non purchased and purchased loans as of the dates presented:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 1,008,935 |  |  | $ | 717,490 |
Lease financing | 54,688 |  |  | 49,250 |
Real estate – construction | 577,720 |  |  | 552,679 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 2,295,852 |  |  | 1,878,177 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 3,390,389 |  |  | 2,898,895 |
Installment loans to individuals | 123,810 |  |  | 108,627 |
Gross loans | 7,451,394 |  |  | 6,205,118 |
Unearned income | (2,786 | ) |  | (2,409 | )
Loans, net of unearned income | 7,448,608 |  |  | 6,202,709 |
Allowance for loan losses | (44,531 | ) |  | (42,737 | )
Net loans | $ | 7,404,077 |  |  | $ | 6,159,972 |

Allowance for Loan Losses
The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level believed adequate by management based on its ongoing analysis of the loan portfolio to absorb probable credit losses inherent in the entire loan portfolio, including collective impairment as recognized under ASC 450, “Contingencies”. Collective impairment is calculated based on loans grouped by grade. Another component of the allowance is losses on loans assessed as impaired under ASC 310. The balance of these loans and their related allowance is included in management’s estimation and analysis of the allowance for loan losses. Management and the internal loan review staff evaluate the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses quarterly. The allowance for loan losses is evaluated based on a continuing assessment of problem loans, the types of loans, historical loss experience, new lending products, emerging credit trends, changes in the size and character of loan categories and other factors, including its risk rating system, regulatory guidance and economic conditions. This evaluation is inherently subjective, as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available. The allowance for loan losses is established through a provision for loan losses charged to earnings resulting from measurements of inherent credit risk in the loan portfolio and estimates of probable losses or impairments of individual loans. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectability of a loan balance is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The following table provides a roll forward of the allowance for loan losses and a breakdown of the ending balance of the allowance based on the Company’s impairment methodology for the periods presented:

| Commercial |  | Real Estate - Construction |  | Real Estate - 1-4 Family Mortgage |  | Real Estate - Commercial Mortgage |  | Installment and Other(1) |  | Total
Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance | $ | 5,092 |  |  | $ | 2,580 |  |  | $ | 12,104 |  |  | $ | 22,600 |  |  | $ | 1,773 |  |  | $ | 44,149 |
Charge-offs | (974 | ) |  | — |  |  | (575 | ) |  | (543 | ) |  | (124 | ) |  | (2,216 | )
Recoveries | 137 |  |  | 67 |  |  | 145 |  |  | 72 |  |  | 27 |  |  | 448 |
Net (charge-offs) recoveries | (837 | ) |  | 67 |  |  | (430 | ) |  | (471 | ) |  | (97 | ) |  | (1,768 | )
Provision for loan losses charged to operations (2) | 938 |  |  | 161 |  |  | 439 |  |  | 481 |  |  | 131 |  |  | 2,150 |
Ending balance | $ | 5,193 |  |  | $ | 2,808 |  |  | $ | 12,113 |  |  | $ | 22,610 |  |  | $ | 1,807 |  |  | $ | 44,531 |

| Commercial |  | Real Estate - Construction |  | Real Estate - 1-4 Family Mortgage |  | Real Estate - Commercial Mortgage |  | Installment and Other(1) |  | Total
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance | $ | 5,486 |  |  | $ | 2,380 |  |  | $ | 14,294 |  |  | $ | 19,059 |  |  | $ | 1,518 |  |  | $ | 42,737 |
Charge-offs | (2,110 | ) |  | — |  |  | (1,401 | ) |  | (1,204 | ) |  | (513 | ) |  | (5,228 | )
Recoveries | 258 |  |  | 101 |  |  | 291 |  |  | 884 |  |  | 88 |  |  | 1,622 |
Net (charge-offs) recoveries | (1,852 | ) |  | 101 |  |  | (1,110 | ) |  | (320 | ) |  | (425 | ) |  | (3,606 | )
Provision for loan losses charged to operations (2) | 1,559 |  |  | 327 |  |  | (1,071 | ) |  | 3,871 |  |  | 714 |  |  | 5,400 |
Ending balance | $ | 5,193 |  |  | $ | 2,808 |  |  | $ | 12,113 |  |  | $ | 22,610 |  |  | $ | 1,807 |  |  | $ | 44,531 |
Period-End Amount Allocated to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 96 |  |  | $ | 9 |  |  | $ | 855 |  |  | $ | 1,963 |  |  | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | 2,928 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 4,772 |  |  | 2,799 |  |  | 10,644 |  |  | 19,662 |  |  | 1,801 |  |  | 39,678 |
Purchased with deteriorated credit quality | 325 |  |  | — |  |  | 614 |  |  | 985 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1,925 |
Ending balance | $ | 5,193 |  |  | $ | 2,808 |  |  | $ | 12,113 |  |  | $ | 22,610 |  |  | $ | 1,807 |  |  | $ | 44,531 |

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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

| Commercial |  | Real Estate - Construction |  | Real Estate - 1-4 Family Mortgage |  | Real Estate - Commercial Mortgage |  | Installment and Other(1) |  | Total
Three Months Ended September 30, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance | $ | 4,512 |  |  | $ | 2,269 |  |  | $ | 14,219 |  |  | $ | 21,683 |  |  | $ | 1,415 |  |  | $ | 44,098 |
Charge-offs | (394 | ) |  | — |  |  | (242 | ) |  | (466 | ) |  | (201 | ) |  | (1,303 | )
Recoveries | 85 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 188 |  |  | 181 |  |  | 21 |  |  | 479 |
Net (charge-offs) recoveries | (309 | ) |  | 4 |  |  | (54 | ) |  | (285 | ) |  | (180 | ) |  | (824 | )
Provision for loan losses | 1,308 |  |  | (52 | ) |  | 1,154 |  |  | (87 | ) |  | 353 |  |  | 2,676 |
Benefit attributable to FDIC loss-share agreements | (61 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (47 | ) |  | (41 | ) |  | (149 | )
Recoveries payable to FDIC | 4 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 93 |  |  | 24 |  |  | — |  |  | 123 |
Provision for loan losses charged to operations | 1,251 |  |  | (50 | ) |  | 1,247 |  |  | (110 | ) |  | 312 |  |  | 2,650 |
Ending balance | $ | 5,454 |  |  | $ | 2,223 |  |  | $ | 15,412 |  |  | $ | 21,288 |  |  | $ | 1,547 |  |  | $ | 45,924 |

| Commercial |  | Real Estate - Construction |  | Real Estate - 1-4 Family Mortgage |  | Real Estate - Commercial Mortgage |  | Installment and Other(1) |  | Total
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance | $ | 4,186 |  |  | $ | 1,852 |  |  | $ | 13,908 |  |  | $ | 21,111 |  |  | $ | 1,380 |  |  | $ | 42,437 |
Charge-offs | (1,099 | ) |  | — |  |  | (745 | ) |  | (1,653 | ) |  | (573 | ) |  | (4,070 | )
Recoveries | 243 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 753 |  |  | 582 |  |  | 84 |  |  | 1,677 |
Net (charge-offs) recoveries | (856 | ) |  | 15 |  |  | 8 |  |  | (1,071 | ) |  | (489 | ) |  | (2,393 | )
Provision for loan losses | 2,174 |  |  | 348 |  |  | 1,333 |  |  | 1,067 |  |  | 697 |  |  | 5,619 |
Benefit attributable to FDIC loss-share agreements | (61 | ) |  | — |  |  | (115 | ) |  | (48 | ) |  | (41 | ) |  | (265 | )
Recoveries payable to FDIC | 11 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 278 |  |  | 229 |  |  | — |  |  | 526 |
Provision for loan losses charged to operations | 2,124 |  |  | 356 |  |  | 1,496 |  |  | 1,248 |  |  | 656 |  |  | 5,880 |
Ending balance | $ | 5,454 |  |  | $ | 2,223 |  |  | $ | 15,412 |  |  | $ | 21,288 |  |  | $ | 1,547 |  |  | $ | 45,924 |
Period-End Amount Allocated to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 1,004 |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 5,144 |  |  | $ | 2,635 |  |  | $ | 114 |  |  | $ | 8,899 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 4,002 |  |  | 2,221 |  |  | 9,542 |  |  | 16,410 |  |  | 1,432 |  |  | 33,607 |
Purchased with deteriorated credit quality | 448 |  |  | — |  |  | 726 |  |  | 2,243 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 3,418 |
Ending balance | $ | 5,454 |  |  | $ | 2,223 |  |  | $ | 15,412 |  |  | $ | 21,288 |  |  | $ | 1,547 |  |  | $ | 45,924 |

(1) | Includes lease financing receivables.

(2) | Due to the termination of the loss-share agreements on December 8, 2016, there was no loss-share impact to the provision for loan losses in 2017.

The following table provides the recorded investment in loans, net of unearned income, based on the Company’s impairment methodology as of the dates presented:
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

| Commercial |  | Real Estate - Construction |  | Real Estate - 1-4 Family Mortgage |  | Real Estate - Commercial Mortgage |  | Installment and Other(1) |  | Total
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 2,291 |  |  | $ | 2,730 |  |  | $ | 13,347 |  |  | $ | 8,078 |  |  | $ | 301 |  |  | $ | 26,747 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 989,185 |  |  | 574,990 |  |  | 2,222,736 |  |  | 3,216,345 |  |  | 173,726 |  |  | 7,176,982 |
Purchased with deteriorated credit quality | 17,459 |  |  | — |  |  | 59,769 |  |  | 165,966 |  |  | 1,685 |  |  | 244,879 |
Ending balance | $ | 1,008,935 |  |  | $ | 577,720 |  |  | $ | 2,295,852 |  |  | $ | 3,390,389 |  |  | $ | 175,712 |  |  | $ | 7,448,608 |
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 1,886 |  |  | $ | 662 |  |  | $ | 12,088 |  |  | $ | 13,079 |  |  | $ | 277 |  |  | $ | 27,992 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 703,610 |  |  | 551,177 |  |  | 1,794,137 |  |  | 2,700,829 |  |  | 153,206 |  |  | 5,902,959 |
Purchased with deteriorated credit quality | 11,994 |  |  | 840 |  |  | 71,952 |  |  | 184,987 |  |  | 1,985 |  |  | 271,758 |
Ending balance | $ | 717,490 |  |  | $ | 552,679 |  |  | $ | 1,878,177 |  |  | $ | 2,898,895 |  |  | $ | 155,468 |  |  | $ | 6,202,709 |

(1) | Includes lease financing receivables.

Note 7 – Other Real Estate Owned
(In Thousands)
The following table provides details of the Company’s other real estate owned (“OREO”) purchased and non purchased, net of
valuation allowances and direct write-downs, as of the dates presented:

| Purchased OREO |  | Non Purchased OREO |  | Total OREO
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate | $ | 1,780 |  |  | $ | 847 |  |  | $ | 2,627 |
Commercial real estate | 5,552 |  |  | 1,401 |  |  | 6,953 |
Residential land development | 1,233 |  |  | 829 |  |  | 2,062 |
Commercial land development | 4,731 |  |  | 1,447 |  |  | 6,178 |
Total | $ | 13,296 |  |  | $ | 4,524 |  |  | $ | 17,820 |
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate | $ | 2,230 |  |  | $ | 699 |  |  | $ | 2,929 |
Commercial real estate | 6,401 |  |  | 1,680 |  |  | 8,081 |
Residential land development | 2,344 |  |  | 1,688 |  |  | 4,032 |
Commercial land development | 6,395 |  |  | 1,862 |  |  | 8,257 |
Total | $ | 17,370 |  |  | $ | 5,929 |  |  | $ | 23,299 |

Changes in the Company’s purchased and non purchased OREO were as follows:

| Purchased OREO |  | Non Purchased OREO |  | Total OREO
Balance at January 1, 2017 | $ | 17,370 |  |  | $ | 5,929 |  |  | $ | 23,299 |
Acquired OREO | 1,203 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,203 |
Transfers of loans | 4,513 |  |  | 905 |  |  | 5,418 |
Capitalized improvements | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Impairments | (935 | ) |  | (519 | ) |  | (1,454 | )
Dispositions | (8,474 | ) |  | (2,262 | ) |  | (10,736 | )
Other | (381 | ) |  | 471 |  |  | 90 |
Balance at September 30, 2017 | $ | 13,296 |  |  | $ | 4,524 |  |  | $ | 17,820 |

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Components of the line item “Other real estate owned” in the Consolidated Statements of Income were as follows for the periods presented:

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Repairs and maintenance | $ | 206 |  |  | $ | 209 |  |  | $ | 602 |  |  | $ | 815 |
Property taxes and insurance | 87 |  |  | 127 |  |  | 495 |  |  | 745 |
Impairments | 697 |  |  | 1,048 |  |  | 1,454 |  |  | 2,330 |
Net losses (gains) on OREO sales | (350 | ) |  | 204 |  |  | (488 | ) |  | 435 |
Rental income | (37 | ) |  | (48 | ) |  | (147 | ) |  | (214 | )
Total | $ | 603 |  |  | $ | 1,540 |  |  | $ | 1,916 |  |  | $ | 4,111 |

Note 8 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
(In Thousands)
The carrying amounts of goodwill by operating segments for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 were as follows:

| Community Banks |  | Insurance |  | Total
Balance at January 1, 2017 | $ | 467,767 |  |  | $ | 2,767 |  |  | $ | 470,534 |
Addition to goodwill from acquisition | 140,512 |  |  | — |  |  | 140,512 |
Adjustment to previously recorded goodwill | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Balance at September 30, 2017 | $ | 608,279 |  |  | $ | 2,767 |  |  | $ | 611,046 |

The addition to goodwill during 2017 represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the Metropolitan acquisition. The Company is finalizing the fair values of certain assets, including property and equipment and taxes, related to the acquisition; as such, the recorded balance of goodwill is subject to change.
The following table provides a summary of finite-lived intangible assets as of the dates presented:

| Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net Carrying Amount
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |
Core deposit intangibles | $ | 54,958 |  |  | $ | (29,911 | ) |  | $ | 25,047 |
Customer relationship intangible | 1,970 |  |  | (799 | ) |  | 1,171 |
Total finite-lived intangible assets | $ | 56,928 |  |  | $ | (30,710 | ) |  | $ | 26,218 |
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |
Core deposit intangibles | $ | 47,992 |  |  | $ | (25,188 | ) |  | $ | 22,804 |
Customer relationship intangible | 1,970 |  |  | (700 | ) |  | 1,270 |
Total finite-lived intangible assets | $ | 49,962 |  |  | $ | (25,888 | ) |  | $ | 24,074 |

Current year amortization expense for finite-lived intangible assets was as follows for the periods presented.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Amortization expense for: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Core deposit intangibles | $ | 1,733 |  |  | $ | 1,651 |  |  | $ | 4,723 |  |  | $ | 5,024 |
Customer relationship intangible | 33 |  |  | 33 |  |  | 99 |  |  | 99 |
Total intangible amortization | $ | 1,766 |  |  | $ | 1,684 |  |  | $ | 4,822 |  |  | $ | 5,123 |

The estimated amortization expense of finite-lived intangible assets for the year ending December 31, 2017 and the succeeding four years is summarized as follows:

| Core Deposit Intangibles |  | Customer Relationship Intangible |  | Total
2017 | $ | 6,399 |  |  | $ | 131 |  |  | $ | 6,530 |
2018 | 6,130 |  |  | 131 |  |  | 6,261 |
2019 | 5,212 |  |  | 131 |  |  | 5,343 |
2020 | 4,186 |  |  | 131 |  |  | 4,317 |
2021 | 3,107 |  |  | 131 |  |  | 3,238 |

Note 9 – Mortgage Servicing Rights
(In Thousands)
The Company retains the right to service certain mortgage loans that it sells to secondary market investors. These mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”) are recognized as a separate asset on the date the corresponding mortgage loan is sold. MSRs are amortized in proportion to and over the period of estimated net servicing income. These servicing rights are carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value. Fair value is determined using an income approach with various assumptions including expected cash flows, prepayment speeds, market discount rates, servicing costs, and other factors. Impairment losses on MSRs are recognized to the extent by which the unamortized cost exceeds fair value. During the first nine months of 2016, the Company recognized an impairment loss on MSRs in earnings in the amount of $40, which was included in “Mortgage banking income” in the Consolidated Statements of Income. There were no impairment losses recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.
During the first nine months of 2016, the Company sold MSRs relating to mortgage loans having an aggregate unpaid principal balance totaling $1,830,444 to a third party for net proceeds of $18,508. There were no sales of MSRs during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.
Changes in the Company’s MSRs were as follows:

Balance at January 1, 2017 | $ | 26,302 |
Capitalization | 12,379 |
Amortization | (2,751 | )
Balance at September 30, 2017 | $ | 35,930 |

Data and key economic assumptions related to the Company’s MSRs as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are as follows:
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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Unpaid principal balance | $ | 3,703,064 |  |  | $ | 2,763,344 |
Weighted-average prepayment speed (CPR) | 8.89 | % |  | 7.34 | %
Estimated impact of a 10% increase | $ | (1,501 | ) |  | $ | (1,034 | )
Estimated impact of a 20% increase | (2,910 | ) |  | (2,010 | )
Discount rate | 9.68 | % |  | 9.64 | %
Estimated impact of a 10% increase | $ | (1,711 | ) |  | $ | (1,368 | )
Estimated impact of a 20% increase | (3,292 | ) |  | (2,629 | )
Weighted-average coupon interest rate | 3.89 | % |  | 3.83 | %
Weighted-average servicing fee (basis points) | 26.22 |  |  | 25.87 |
Weighted-average remaining maturity (in years) | 14.94 |  |  | 11.11 |

The Company recorded servicing fees of $1,461 and $595 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $4,128 and $2,212 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, which are included in “Mortgage banking income” in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Note 10 – Redemption of Long-term Debt
(In Thousands)
During the first quarter of 2017, the Company redeemed the Heritage Financial Statutory Trust I junior subordinated debentures. The debentures were redeemed for an aggregate amount of $10,515, which included the principal amount of $10,310 and a prepayment penalty of $205. Prior to the redemption, the Company obtained all required board and regulatory approval.
During the third quarter of 2016, the Company incurred a prepayment penalty of $2,210 in connection with the prepayment of $38,886 in long-term borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank. Additionally, during the second quarter of 2016, the Company incurred a prepayment penalty of $329 in connection with the prepayment of $3,483 of similar long-term borrowings.
There were no other prepayments of long-term debt during the first nine months of 2017 or 2016.
Note 11 - Employee Benefit and Deferred Compensation Plans
(In Thousands, Except Share Data)
The Company sponsors a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan, under which participation and future benefit accruals ceased as of December 31, 1996. In connection with the acquisition of Heritage Financial Group, Inc. (“Heritage”) in July 2015, the Company assumed the noncontributory defined benefit pension plan maintained by HeritageBank of the South, Heritage's wholly-owned banking subsidiary (“HeritageBank”), under which accruals had ceased and the plan had been terminated by HeritageBank immediately prior to the acquisition date. Final distribution of all benefits under the plan was completed in August 2016.
The Company also provides retiree health benefits for certain employees who were employed by the Company and enrolled in the Company's health plan as of December 31, 2004. To receive benefits, an eligible employee must retire from service with the Company and its affiliates between age 55 and 65 and be credited with at least 15 years of service or with 70 points, determined as the sum of age and service at retirement. The Company periodically determines the portion of the premium to be paid by each eligible retiree and the portion to be paid by the Company. Coverage ceases when an employee attains age 65 and is eligible for Medicare. The Company also provides life insurance coverage for each retiree in the face amount of $5 until age 70. Retirees can purchase additional insurance or continue coverage beyond age 70 at their sole expense.
The plan expense for the legacy Renasant defined benefit pension plan (“Pension Benefits - Renasant”), the assumed HeritageBank defined pension plan (“Pension Benefits - HeritageBank”) and post-retirement health and life plans (“Other Benefits”) for the periods presented was as follows:
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

| Pension Benefits |  | Pension Benefits |  |
| Renasant |  | HeritageBank |  | Other Benefits
| Three Months Ended |  | Three Months Ended |  | Three Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Service cost | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 1 |
Interest cost | 292 |  |  | 304 |  |  | — |  |  | 34 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 14 |
Expected return on plan assets | (485 | ) |  | (468 | ) |  | — |  |  | (23 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |
Recognized actuarial loss | 101 |  |  | 101 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 23 |
Settlement/curtailment/termination gains | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (780 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |
Net periodic benefit (return) cost | $ | (92 | ) |  | $ | (63 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (769 | ) |  | $ | 15 |  |  | $ | 38 |

| Pension Benefits |  | Pension Benefits |  |
| Renasant |  | HeritageBank |  | Other Benefits
| Nine Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Service cost | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | 9 |
Interest cost | 876 |  |  | 912 |  |  | — |  |  | 172 |  |  | 32 |  |  | 43 |
Expected return on plan assets | (1,456 | ) |  | (1,404 | ) |  | — |  |  | (113 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |
Recognized actuarial loss | 301 |  |  | 303 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5 |  |  | 57 |
Settlement/curtailment/termination gains | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (780 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |
Net periodic benefit (return) cost | $ | (279 | ) |  | $ | (189 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (721 | ) |  | $ | 43 |  |  | $ | 109 |

In March 2011, the Company adopted a long-term equity incentive plan, which provides for the grant of stock options and the award of restricted stock. The plan replaced the long-term incentive plan adopted in 2001, which expired in October 2011. The Company issues shares of treasury stock to satisfy stock options exercised or restricted stock granted under the plan. Options granted under the plan allow participants to acquire shares of the Company's common stock at a fixed exercise price and expire ten years after the grant date. Options vest and become exercisable in installments over a three-year period measured from the grant date. Options that have not vested are forfeited and canceled upon the termination of a participant's employment. There were no stock options granted during the three or nine months ended September 30, 2017 or 2016.
The following table summarizes the changes in stock options as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2017:

|  | Shares |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price
Options outstanding at beginning of period |  | 185,625 |  |  | $ | 15.97 |
Granted |  | — |  |  | — |
Exercised |  | (93,625 | ) |  | 16.22 |
Forfeited |  | — |  |  | — |
Options outstanding at end of period |  | 92,000 |  |  | $ | 15.72 |

The Company awards performance-based restricted stock to executives and other officers and employees and time-based restricted stock to directors, executives and other officers and employees under the long-term equity incentive plan. The performance-based restricted stock vests upon completion of a specified performance cycle and the attainment of designated performance goals. Performance-based restricted stock is issued at the target level; the number of shares ultimately awarded is determined at the end of each performance cylce and may be increased or decreased depending on the Company falling short of, meeting or exceeding financial performance measures defined by the Board of Directors. Time-based restricted stock vests at the end of the service period defined in the respective grant. The fair value of each restricted stock award is the closing price of the Company's common
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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
stock on the day immediately preceding the award date. The following table summarizes the changes in restricted stock as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2017:

|  | Performance-Based Restricted Stock |  | Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value |  | Time- Based Restricted Stock |  | Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Nonvested at beginning of period |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 117,345 |  |  | $ | 31.76 |
Awarded |  | 54,450 |  |  | 42.22 |  |  | 153,270 |  |  | 42.81 |
Vested |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (43,305 | ) |  | 32.36 |
Cancelled |  | (2,000 | ) |  | 42.22 |  |  | (5,460 | ) |  | 37.74 |
Nonvested at end of period |  | 52,450 |  |  | $ | 42.22 |  |  | 221,850 |  |  | $ | 39.13 |

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company reissued 99,318 shares from treasury in connection with the exercise of stock options and awards of restricted stock. The Company recorded total stock-based compensation expense of $1,359 and $848 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $3,770 and $2,563 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Note 12 – Derivative Instruments
(In Thousands)
The Company utilizes derivative financial instruments, including interest rate contracts such as swaps, caps and/or floors, as part of its ongoing efforts to mitigate its interest rate risk exposure and to facilitate the needs of its customers. The Company also from time to time enters into derivative instruments that are not designated as hedging instruments to help its commercial customers manage their exposure to interest rate fluctuations. To mitigate the interest rate risk associated with these customer contracts, the Company enters into an offsetting derivative contract position. The Company manages its credit risk, or potential risk of default by its commercial customers, through credit limit approval and monitoring procedures. At September 30, 2017, the Company had notional amounts of $219,914 on interest rate contracts with corporate customers and $219,914 in offsetting interest rate contracts with other financial institutions to mitigate the Company’s rate exposure on its corporate customers’ contracts and certain fixed-rate loans.
In June 2014, the Company entered into two forward interest rate swap contracts on floating rate liabilities at the Bank level with notional amounts of $15,000 each. The interest rate swap contracts are each accounted for as a cash flow hedge with the objective of protecting against any interest rate volatility on future FHLB borrowings for a four-year and five-year period beginning June 1, 2018 and December 3, 2018 and ending June 2022 and June 2023, respectively. Under these contracts, Renasant Bank will pay a fixed interest rate and will receive a variable interest rate based on the three-month LIBOR plus a pre-determined spread, with quarterly net settlements.
In March and April 2012, the Company entered into two interest rate swap agreements effective March 30, 2014 and March 17, 2014, respectively. Under these swap agreements, the Company receives a variable rate of interest based on the three-month LIBOR plus a pre-determined spread and pays a fixed rate of interest. The agreements, which both terminate in March 2022, are accounted for as cash flow hedges to reduce the variability in cash flows resulting from changes in interest rates on $32,000 of the Company’s junior subordinated debentures.
In connection with its merger with First M&F Corporation (“First M&F”), the Company assumed an interest rate swap designed to convert floating rate interest payments into fixed rate payments. Based on the terms of the agreement, which terminates in March 2018, the Company receives a variable rate of interest based on the three-month LIBOR plus a pre-determined spread and pays a fixed rate of interest. The interest rate swap is accounted for as a cash flow hedge to reduce the variability in cash flows resulting from changes in interest rates on $30,000 of the junior subordinated debentures assumed in the merger with First M&F.
The Company enters into interest rate lock commitments with its customers to mitigate the interest rate risk associated with the commitments to fund fixed-rate and adjustable-rate residential mortgage loans. The notional amount of commitments to fund fixed-rate and adjustable-rate mortgage loans was $188,614 and $120,050 at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The Company also enters into forward commitments to sell residential mortgage loans to secondary market investors. The notional amount of commitments to sell residential mortgage loans to secondary market investors was $304,000 and $257,000 at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The following table provides details on the Company’s derivative financial instruments as of the dates presented:

|  |  | Fair Value
| Balance Sheet Location |  | September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Derivative assets: |  |  |  |  |
Not designated as hedging instruments: |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts | Other Assets |  | $ | 4,681 |  |  | $ | 1,985 |
Interest rate lock commitments | Other Assets |  | 3,327 |  |  | 2,643 |
Forward commitments | Other Assets |  | 561 |  |  | 4,480 |
Totals |  |  | $ | 8,569 |  |  | $ | 9,108 |
Derivative liabilities: |  |  |  |  |
Designated as hedging instruments: |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps | Other Liabilities |  | $ | 3,242 |  |  | $ | 3,410 |
Totals |  |  | $ | 3,242 |  |  | $ | 3,410 |
Not designated as hedging instruments: |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts | Other Liabilities |  | $ | 4,681 |  |  | $ | 1,985 |
Interest rate lock commitments | Other Liabilities |  | 57 |  |  | 246 |
Forward commitments | Other Liabilities |  | 449 |  |  | 269 |
Totals |  |  | $ | 5,187 |  |  | $ | 2,500 |

Gains (losses) included in the Consolidated Statements of Income related to the Company’s derivative financial instruments were as follows as of the periods presented:

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Included in interest income on loans | $ | 1,652 |  |  | $ | 660 |  |  | $ | 3,021 |  |  | $ | 1,786 |
Interest rate lock commitments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Included in mortgage banking income | (441 | ) |  | 2,297 |  |  | 874 |  |  | 3,359 |
Forward commitments |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Included in mortgage banking income | (486 | ) |  | 3,020 |  |  | (4,099 | ) |  | (1,599 | )
Total | $ | 725 |  |  | $ | 5,977 |  |  | $ | (204 | ) |  | $ | 3,546 |

For the Company's derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, changes in fair value of the cash flow hedges are, to the extent that the hedging relationship is effective, recorded as other comprehensive income and are subsequently recognized in earnings at the same time that the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The ineffective portions of the changes in fair value of the hedging instruments are immediately recognized in earnings. The assessment of the effectiveness of the hedging relationship is evaluated under the hypothetical derivative method. There were no ineffective portions for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 or 2016. The impact on other comprehensive income for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, can be seen at Note 16, "Other Comprehensive Income."
Offsetting
Certain financial instruments, including derivatives, may be eligible for offset in the consolidated balance sheet when the "right of offset" exists or when the instruments are subject to an enforceable master netting agreement, which includes the right of the non-defaulting party or non-affected party to offset recognized amounts, including collateral posted with the counterparty, to determine a net receivable or net payable upon early termination of the agreement. Certain of the Company's derivative instruments
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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
are subject to master netting agreements; however, the Company has not elected to offset such financial instruments in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The following table presents the Company's gross derivative positions as recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as well as the net derivative positions, including collateral pledged to the extent the application of such collateral did not reduce the net derivative liability position below zero, had the Company elected to offset those instruments subject to an enforceable master netting agreement:

| Offsetting Derivative Assets |  | Offsetting Derivative Liabilities
| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016 |  | September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Gross amounts recognized | $ | 892 |  |  | $ | 4,778 |  |  | $ | 7,879 |  |  | $ | 4,893 |
Gross amounts offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Net amounts presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets | 892 |  |  | 4,778 |  |  | 7,879 |  |  | 4,893 |
Gross amounts not offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial instruments | 780 |  |  | 567 |  |  | 780 |  |  | 567 |
Financial collateral pledged | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,922 |  |  | 4,326 |
Net amounts | $ | 112 |  |  | $ | 4,211 |  |  | $ | 177 |  |  | $ | — |

Note 13 – Income Taxes
(In Thousands)
The following table is a summary of the Company's temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts that give rise to deferred income tax assets and liabilities and their approximate tax effects as of the dates presented.

| September 30, |  | December 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2016
Deferred tax assets |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses | $ | 20,421 |  |  | $ | 21,418 |  |  | $ | 19,934 |
Loans | 25,585 |  |  | 24,299 |  |  | 23,240 |
Deferred compensation | 10,857 |  |  | 12,368 |  |  | 11,254 |
Securities | 2,573 |  |  | 2,346 |  |  | 2,439 |
Net unrealized losses on securities - OCI | 1,942 |  |  | 4,016 |  |  | 10,096 |
Impairment of assets | 2,383 |  |  | 3,877 |  |  | 2,512 |
Federal and State net operating loss carryforwards | 3,338 |  |  | 3,113 |  |  | 2,867 |
Intangibles | — |  |  | 1,012 |  |  | 1,247 |
Other | 7,319 |  |  | 7,958 |  |  | 3,463 |
Total deferred tax assets | 74,418 |  |  | 80,407 |  |  | 77,052 |
Deferred tax liabilities |  |  |  |  |
FDIC loss-share indemnification asset | — |  |  | 1,939 |  |  | — |
Investment in partnerships | 946 |  |  | 2,001 |  |  | 1,556 |
Intangibles | 428 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Fixed assets | 1,429 |  |  | 2,598 |  |  | 2,517 |
Mortgage servicing rights | 3,360 |  |  | 3,589 |  |  | 3,360 |
Junior subordinated debt | 3,620 |  |  | 4,128 |  |  | 4,111 |
Other | 1,770 |  |  | 4,294 |  |  | 2,876 |
Total deferred tax liabilities | 11,553 |  |  | 18,549 |  |  | 14,420 |
Net deferred tax assets | $ | 62,865 |  |  | $ | 61,858 |  |  | $ | 62,632 |

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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The Company acquired federal and state net operating losses as part of the Heritage acquisition. The federal net operating loss acquired totaled $18,321, of which $6,160 remained to be utilized as of September 30, 2017, while state net operating losses totaled $17,168, of which $7,995 remained to be utilized as of September 30, 2017. Both the federal and state net operating losses will expire at various dates beginning in 2024.
The Company expects to utilize the federal and state net operating losses prior to expiration. Because the benefits are expected to be fully realized, the Company recorded no valuation allowance against the net operating losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 or 2016 or the year ended December 31, 2016.
Note 14 – Investments in Qualified Affordable Housing Projects
(In Thousands)
The Company has investments in qualified affordable housing projects (“QAHPs”) that provide low income housing tax credits and operating loss benefits over an extended period. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company’s carrying value of QAHPs was $8,359 and $6,331, respectively. During the first quarter of 2017, the Company sold its interest in a limited liability partnership which reduced the carrying value of the investment in QAHPs by approximately $2,450. On July 1, 2017, the Company acquired $5,469 in QAHPs in connection with its acquisition of Metropolitan. The Company has no remaining funding obligations related to the QAHPs. The investments in QAHPs are being accounted for using the effective yield method. The investments in QAHPs are included in “Other assets” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Components of the Company's investments in QAHPs were included in the line item “Income taxes” in the Consolidated Statements of Income for the periods presented:

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Tax credit amortization | $ | 472 |  |  | $ | 353 |  |  | $ | 995 |  |  | $ | 1,001 |
Tax credits and other benefits | (671 | ) |  | (503 | ) |  | (1,519 | ) |  | (1,445 | )
Total | $ | (199 | ) |  | $ | (150 | ) |  | $ | (524 | ) |  | $ | (444 | )

Note 15 – Fair Value Measurements
(In Thousands)
Fair Value Measurements and the Fair Level Hierarchy
ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” provides guidance for using fair value to measure assets and liabilities and also establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to a valuation based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities (Level 1), moderate priority to a valuation based on quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities and/or based on assumptions that are observable in the market (Level 2), and the lowest priority to a valuation based on assumptions that are not observable in the market (Level 3).
Recurring Fair Value Measurements
The Company carries certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis in accordance with applicable standards. The Company’s recurring fair value measurements are based on the requirement to carry such assets and liabilities at fair value or the Company’s election to carry certain eligible assets and liabilities at fair value. Assets and liabilities that are required to be carried at fair value on a recurring basis include securities available for sale and derivative instruments. The Company has elected to carry mortgage loans held for sale at fair value on a recurring basis as permitted under the guidance in ASC 825, “Financial Instruments” (“ASC 825”).
The following methods and assumptions are used by the Company to estimate the fair values of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are measured on a recurring basis:
Securities available for sale: Securities available for sale consist primarily of debt securities, such as obligations of U.S. Government agencies and corporations, obligations of states and political subdivisions, mortgage-backed securities, trust preferred securities, and other debt securities. Where quoted market prices in active markets are available, securities are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. If quoted prices from active markets are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices for
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
similar instruments traded in active markets, quoted market prices for identical or similar instruments traded in markets that are not active, or model-based valuation techniques where all significant assumptions are observable in the market. Such instruments are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. When assumptions used in model-based valuation techniques are not observable in the market, the assumptions used by management reflect estimates of assumptions used by other market participants in determining fair value. When there is limited transparency around the inputs to the valuation, the instruments are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.
Derivative instruments: The Company uses derivatives to manage various financial risks. Most of the Company’s derivative contracts are extensively traded in over-the-counter markets and are valued using discounted cash flow models which incorporate observable market based inputs including current market interest rates, credit spreads, and other factors. Such instruments are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy and include interest rate swaps and other interest rate contracts such as interest rate caps and/or floors. The Company’s interest rate lock commitments are valued using current market prices for mortgage-backed securities with similar characteristics, adjusted for certain factors including servicing and risk. The value of the Company’s forward commitments is based on current prices for securities backed by similar types of loans. Because these assumptions are observable in active markets, the Company’s interest rate lock commitments and forward commitments are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Mortgage loans held for sale: Mortgage loans held for sale are primarily agency loans which trade in active secondary markets. The fair value of these instruments is derived from current market pricing for similar loans, adjusted for differences in loan characteristics, including servicing and risk. Because the valuation is based on external pricing of similar instruments, mortgage loans held for sale are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
The following table presents assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates presented:
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Totals
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Securities available for sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of other U.S. Government agencies and corporations | $ | — |  |  | $ | 14,638 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 14,638 |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | — |  |  | 350,354 |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 350,354 |
Residential mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Government agency mortgage backed securities | — |  |  | 459,558 |  |  | — |  |  | 459,558 |
Government agency collateralized mortgage obligations | — |  |  | 232,658 |  |  | — |  |  | 232,658 |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Government agency mortgage backed securities | — |  |  | 45,929 |  |  | — |  |  | 45,929 |
Government agency collateralized mortgage obligations | — |  |  | 11,443 |  |  | — |  |  | 11,443 |
Trust preferred securities | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,960 |  |  | 8,960 |
Other debt securities | — |  |  | 26,919 |  |  | — |  |  | 26,919 |
Total securities available for sale | — |  |  | 1,141,499 |  |  | 8,960 |  |  | 1,150,459 |
Derivative instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts | — |  |  | 4,681 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,681 |
Interest rate lock commitments | — |  |  | 3,327 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,327 |
Forward commitments | — |  |  | 561 |  |  | — |  |  | 561 |
Total derivative instruments | — |  |  | 8,569 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,569 |
Mortgage loans held for sale | — |  |  | 207,288 |  |  | — |  |  | 207,288 |
Total financial assets | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,357,356 |  |  | $ | 8,960 |  |  | $ | 1,366,316 |
Financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivative instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,242 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,242 |
Interest rate contracts | — |  |  | 4,681 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,681 |
Interest rate lock commitments | — |  |  | 57 |  |  | — |  |  | 57 |
Forward commitments | — |  |  | 449 |  |  | — |  |  | 449 |
Total derivative instruments | — |  |  | 8,429 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,429 |
Total financial liabilities | $ | — |  |  | $ | 8,429 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 8,429 |

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Totals
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Securities available for sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of other U.S. Government agencies and corporations | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,158 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,158 |
Residential mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Government agency mortgage backed securities | — |  |  | 409,317 |  |  | — |  |  | 409,317 |
Government agency collateralized mortgage obligations | — |  |  | 168,826 |  |  | — |  |  | 168,826 |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Government agency mortgage backed securities | — |  |  | 50,863 |  |  | — |  |  | 50,863 |
Government agency collateralized mortgage obligations | — |  |  | 2,550 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,550 |
Trust preferred securities | — |  |  | — |  |  | 18,389 |  |  | 18,389 |
Other debt securities | — |  |  | 22,145 |  |  | — |  |  | 22,145 |
Total securities available for sale | — |  |  | 655,859 |  |  | 18,389 |  |  | 674,248 |
Derivative instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts | — |  |  | 1,985 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,985 |
Interest rate lock commitments | — |  |  | 2,643 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,643 |
Forward commitments | — |  |  | 4,480 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,480 |
Total derivative instruments | — |  |  | 9,108 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,108 |
Mortgage loans held for sale | — |  |  | 177,866 |  |  | — |  |  | 177,866 |
Total financial assets | $ | — |  |  | $ | 842,833 |  |  | $ | 18,389 |  |  | $ | 861,222 |
Financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivative instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swaps | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,410 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,410 |
Interest rate contracts | — |  |  | 1,985 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,985 |
Interest rate lock commitments | — |  |  | 246 |  |  | — |  |  | 246 |
Forward commitments | — |  |  | 269 |  |  | — |  |  | 269 |
Total derivative instruments | — |  |  | 5,910 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,910 |
Total financial liabilities | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,910 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,910 |

The Company reviews fair value hierarchy classifications on a quarterly basis. Changes in the Company’s ability to observe inputs to the valuation may cause reclassification of certain assets or liabilities within the fair value hierarchy. Transfers between levels of the hierarchy are deemed to have occurred at the end of period. There were no such transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.
The following tables provide a reconciliation for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs, or Level 3 inputs, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively:
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 | Trust preferred securities
Balance at July 1, 2017 | $ | 16,992 |
Accretion included in net income | 28 |
Unrealized gains included in other comprehensive income | 1,307 |
Purchases | — |
Sales | (9,346 | )
Issues | — |
Settlements | (21 | )
Transfers into Level 3 | — |
Transfers out of Level 3 | — |
Balance at September 30, 2017 | $ | 8,960 |

Three Months Ended September 30, 2016 | Trust preferred securities
Balance at July 1, 2016 | $ | 18,179 |
Accretion included in net income | 8 |
Unrealized losses included in other comprehensive income | (41 | )
Purchases | — |
Sales | — |
Issues | — |
Settlements | (54 | )
Transfers into Level 3 | — |
Transfers out of Level 3 | — |
Balance at September 30, 2016 | $ | 18,092 |

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 | Trust preferred securities
Balance at January 1, 2017 | $ | 18,389 |
Accretion included in net income | 74 |
Unrealized gains included in other comprehensive income | 1,866 |
Purchases | — |
Sales | (9,346 | )
Issues | — |
Settlements | (2,023 | )
Transfers into Level 3 | — |
Transfers out of Level 3 | — |
Balance at September 30, 2017 | $ | 8,960 |

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 | Trust preferred securities
Balance at January 1, 2016 | $ | 19,469 |
Accretion included in net income | 23 |
Unrealized losses included in other comprehensive income | (168 | )
Reclassification adjustment | — |
Purchases | — |
Sales | — |
Issues | — |
Settlements | (1,232 | )
Transfers into Level 3 | — |
Transfers out of Level 3 | — |
Balance at September 30, 2016 | $ | 18,092 |

For each of the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, there were no gains or losses included in earnings that were attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses related to assets or liabilities held at the end of each respective period that were measured on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The following table presents information as of September 30, 2017 about significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) used in the valuation of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

Financial instrument | Fair Value |  | Valuation Technique |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs |  | Range of Inputs
Trust preferred securities | $ | 8,960 |  |  | Discounted cash flows |  | Default rate |  | 0-100%

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements
Certain assets and liabilities may be recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically are a result of the application of the lower of cost or market accounting or a write-down occurring during the period. The following table provides the fair value measurement for assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis that were still held on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of the dates presented and the level within the fair value hierarchy each is classified:

September 30, 2017 | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Totals
Impaired loans | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 8,107 |  |  | $ | 8,107 |
OREO | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,942 |  |  | 7,942 |
Total | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 16,049 |  |  | $ | 16,049 |

December 31, 2016 | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Totals
Impaired loans | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,101 |  |  | $ | 4,101 |
OREO | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,741 |  |  | 6,741 |
Mortgage servicing rights | — |  |  | — |  |  | 26,302 |  |  | 26,302 |
Total | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 37,144 |  |  | $ | 37,144 |

The following methods and assumptions are used by the Company to estimate the fair values of the Company’s financial assets measured on a nonrecurring basis:
Impaired loans: Loans considered impaired are reserved for at the time the loan is identified as impaired taking into account the fair value of the collateral less estimated selling costs. Collateral may be real estate and/or business assets including but not limited to equipment, inventory and accounts receivable. The fair value of real estate is determined based on appraisals by qualified licensed appraisers. The fair value of the business assets is generally based on amounts reported on the business’s financial statements. Appraised and reported values may be adjusted based on changes in market conditions from the time of valuation and management’s knowledge of the client and the client’s business. Since not all valuation inputs are observable, these nonrecurring fair value determinations are classified as Level 3. Impaired loans are reviewed and evaluated on at least a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly, based on the same factors previously identified. Impaired loans that were measured or re-measured at fair value had a carrying value of $8,301 and $4,406 at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, and a specific reserve for these loans of $194 and $305 was included in the allowance for loan losses as of such dates.
Other real estate owned: OREO is comprised of commercial and residential real estate obtained in partial or total satisfaction of loan obligations. OREO acquired in settlement of indebtedness is recorded at the fair value of the real estate less estimated costs to sell. Subsequently, it may be necessary to record nonrecurring fair value adjustments for declines in fair value. Fair value, when recorded, is determined based on appraisals by qualified licensed appraisers and adjusted for management’s estimates of costs to sell. Accordingly, values for OREO are classified as Level 3.
The following table presents OREO measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis that was still held in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of the dates presented:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Carrying amount prior to remeasurement | $ | 9,174 |  |  | $ | 8,290 |
Impairment recognized in results of operations | (1,232 | ) |  | (1,549 | )
Fair value | $ | 7,942 |  |  | $ | 6,741 |

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Mortgage servicing rights: Mortgage servicing rights are carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value. Fair value is determined using an income approach with various assumptions including expected cash flows, market discount rates, prepayment speeds, servicing costs, and other factors. Because these factors are not all observable and include management’s assumptions, mortgage servicing rights are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Mortgage servicing rights were carried at amortized cost at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, and $40 in impairment charges were recognized in earnings during the twelve months ended December 31, 2016. There were no impairment charges recognized in earnings for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.
The following table presents information as of September 30, 2017 about significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) used in the valuation of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis:

Financial instrument | Fair Value |  | Valuation Technique |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs |  | Range of Inputs
Impaired loans | $ | 8,107 |  |  | Appraised value of collateral less estimated costs to sell |  | Estimated costs to sell |  | 4-10%
OREO | 7,942 |  |  | Appraised value of property less estimated costs to sell |  | Estimated costs to sell |  | 4-10%

Fair Value Option
The Company elected to measure all mortgage loans originated for sale on or after July 1, 2012 at fair value under the fair value option as permitted under ASC 825. Electing to measure these assets at fair value reduces certain timing differences and better matches the changes in fair value of the loans with changes in the fair value of derivative instruments used to economically hedge them.
Net gains of $5,093 and net losses of $145 resulting from fair value changes of these mortgage loans were recorded in income during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The amount does not reflect changes in fair values of related derivative instruments used to hedge exposure to market-related risks associated with these mortgage loans. The change in fair value of both mortgage loans held for sale and the related derivative instruments are recorded in “Mortgage banking income” in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
The Company’s valuation of mortgage loans held for sale incorporates an assumption for credit risk; however, given the short-term period that the Company holds these loans, valuation adjustments attributable to instrument-specific credit risk is nominal. Interest income on mortgage loans held for sale measured at fair value is accrued as it is earned based on contractual rates and is reflected in loan interest income on the Consolidated Statements of Income.
The following table summarizes the differences between the fair value and the principal balance for mortgage loans held for sale measured at fair value as of September 30, 2017:

| Aggregate Fair Value |  | Aggregate Unpaid Principal Balance |  | Difference
Mortgage loans held for sale measured at fair value | $ | 207,288 |  |  | $ | 200,293 |  |  | $ | 6,995 |
Past due loans of 90 days or more | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Nonaccrual loans | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments, including those assets and liabilities that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis or nonrecurring basis, were as follows as of the dates presented:

|  |  | Fair Value
As of September 30, 2017 | Carrying Value |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Financial assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 332,200 |  |  | $ | 332,200 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 332,200 |
Securities available for sale | 1,150,459 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,141,499 |  |  | 8,960 |  |  | 1,150,459 |
Mortgage loans held for sale | 207,288 |  |  | — |  |  | 207,288 |  |  | — |  |  | 207,288 |
Loans, net | 7,404,077 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,373,870 |  |  | 7,373,870 |
Mortgage servicing rights | 35,930 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 41,822 |  |  | 41,822 |
Derivative instruments | 8,569 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,569 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,569 |
Financial liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits | $ | 8,118,518 |  |  | $ | 6,290,726 |  |  | $ | 1,827,910 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 8,118,636 |
Short-term borrowings | 384,230 |  |  | 384,230 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 384,230 |
Other long-term borrowings | 111 |  |  | 111 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 111 |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 7,760 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,005 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,005 |
Junior subordinated debentures | 85,744 |  |  | — |  |  | 67,785 |  |  | — |  |  | 67,785 |
Subordinated notes | 114,088 |  |  | — |  |  | 118,575 |  |  | — |  |  | 118,575 |
Derivative instruments | 8,429 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,429 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,429 |

|  |  | Fair Value
As of December 31, 2016 | Carrying Value |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Financial assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 306,224 |  |  | $ | 306,224 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 306,224 |
Securities held to maturity | 356,282 |  |  | — |  |  | 362,893 |  |  | — |  |  | 362,893 |
Securities available for sale | 674,248 |  |  | — |  |  | 655,859 |  |  | 18,389 |  |  | 674,248 |
Mortgage loans held for sale | 177,866 |  |  | — |  |  | 177,866 |  |  | — |  |  | 177,866 |
Loans, net | 6,159,972 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,989,790 |  |  | 5,989,790 |
Mortgage servicing rights | 26,302 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 32,064 |  |  | 32,064 |
Derivative instruments | 9,108 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,108 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,108 |
Financial liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits | $ | 7,059,137 |  |  | $ | 5,438,384 |  |  | $ | 1,631,027 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 7,069,411 |
Short-term borrowings | 109,676 |  |  | 109,676 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 109,676 |
Other long-term borrowings | 147 |  |  | 147 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 147 |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 8,542 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,777 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,777 |
Junior subordinated debentures | 95,643 |  |  | — |  |  | 73,301 |  |  | — |  |  | 73,301 |
Subordinated notes | 98,127 |  |  | — |  |  | 101,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 101,000 |
Derivative instruments | 5,910 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,910 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,910 |

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate that value. The methodologies for estimating the fair value of financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring basis were discussed previously.
Cash and cash equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and due from banks and interest-bearing balances with banks. The carrying amount reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for cash and cash equivalents approximates fair value based on the short-term nature of these assets.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Securities held to maturity: Securities held to maturity consist of debt securities such as obligations of U.S. Government agencies, states, and other political subdivisions. Where quoted market prices in active markets are available, securities are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. If quoted prices in active markets are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices for similar instruments traded in active markets, quoted market prices for identical or similar instruments traded in markets that are not active, or model-based valuation techniques where all significant assumptions are observable in the market. Such instruments are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. When assumptions used in model-based valuation techniques are not observable in the market, the assumptions used by management reflect estimates of assumptions used by other market participants in determining fair value. When there is limited transparency around the inputs to the valuation, the instruments are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.
Loans, net: For variable-rate loans that reprice frequently and with no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying values. Fair values of fixed-rate loans, including mortgages, commercial, agricultural and consumer loans, are estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis based on interest rates currently being offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality.
Deposits: The fair values disclosed for demand deposits, both interest-bearing and noninterest-bearing, are, by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. Such deposits are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. The fair values of certificates of deposit and individual retirement accounts are estimated using a discounted cash flow based on currently effective interest rates for similar types of deposits. These deposits are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Short-term borrowings: Short-term borrowings consist of securities sold under agreements to repurchase and short-term FHLB advances. The fair value of these borrowings approximates the carrying value of the amounts reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for each respective account given the short-term nature of the liabilities.
Federal Home Loan Bank advances: The fair value for Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) advances is determined by discounting the expected future cash outflows using current market rates for similar borrowings, or Level 2 inputs.
Junior subordinated debentures and subordinated notes: The fair value for the Company’s junior subordinated debentures and subordinated notes is determined using quoted market prices for similar instruments traded in active markets.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Note 16 – Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(In Thousands)
Changes in the components of other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, were as follows for the periods presented:

| Pre-Tax |  | Tax Expense (Benefit) |  | Net of Tax
Three months ended September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |
Securities available for sale: |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized holding losses on securities | $ | (1,245 | ) |  | $ | (481 | ) |  | $ | (764 | )
Unrealized holding gains on securities transfered from held to maturity to available for sale | 13,218 |  |  | 5,110 |  |  | 8,108 |
Amortization of unrealized holding gains on securities transferred to the held to maturity category | (7 | ) |  | (3 | ) |  | (4 | )
Total securities available for sale | 11,966 |  |  | 4,626 |  |  | 7,340 |
Derivative instruments: |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized holding gains on derivative instruments | 163 |  |  | 63 |  |  | 100 |
Total derivative instruments | 163 |  |  | 63 |  |  | 100 |
Defined benefit pension and post-retirement benefit plans: |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of net actuarial loss recognized in net periodic pension cost | 101 |  |  | 39 |  |  | 62 |
Total defined benefit pension and post-retirement benefit plans | 101 |  |  | 39 |  |  | 62 |
Total other comprehensive income | $ | 12,230 |  |  | $ | 4,728 |  |  | $ | 7,502 |
Three months ended September 30, 2016 |  |  |  |  |
Securities available for sale: |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized holding gains on securities | $ | 2,258 |  |  | $ | 873 |  |  | $ | 1,385 |
Amortization of unrealized holding gains on securities transferred to the held to maturity category | (18 | ) |  | (7 | ) |  | (11 | )
Total securities available for sale | 2,240 |  |  | 866 |  |  | 1,374 |
Derivative instruments: |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized holding gains on derivative instruments | 807 |  |  | 312 |  |  | 495 |
Total derivative instruments | 807 |  |  | 312 |  |  | 495 |
Defined benefit pension and post-retirement benefit plans: |  |  |  |  |
Reclassification adjustment for net settlement gain realized in net income | (383 | ) |  | (148 | ) |  | (235 | )
Amortization of net actuarial loss recognized in net periodic pension cost | 124 |  |  | 48 |  |  | 76 |
Total defined benefit pension and post-retirement benefit plans | (259 | ) |  | (100 | ) |  | (159 | )
Total other comprehensive income | $ | 2,788 |  |  | $ | 1,078 |  |  | $ | 1,710 |

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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

| Pre-Tax |  | Tax Expense (Benefit) |  | Net of Tax
Nine months ended September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |
Securities available for sale: |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized holding gains on securities | $ | 7,682 |  |  | $ | 2,970 |  |  | $ | 4,712 |
Unrealized holding gains on securities transfered from held to maturity to available for sale | 13,218 |  |  | 5,110 |  |  | 8,108 |
Amortization of unrealized holding gains on securities transferred to the held to maturity category | (282 | ) |  | (109 | ) |  | (173 | )
Total securities available for sale | 20,618 |  |  | 7,971 |  |  | 12,647 |
Derivative instruments: |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized holding gains on derivative instruments | 169 |  |  | 65 |  |  | 104 |
Total derivative instruments | 169 |  |  | 65 |  |  | 104 |
Defined benefit pension and post-retirement benefit plans: |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of net actuarial loss recognized in net periodic pension cost | 305 |  |  | 118 |  |  | 187 |
Total defined benefit pension and post-retirement benefit plans | 305 |  |  | 118 |  |  | 187 |
Total other comprehensive income | $ | 21,092 |  |  | $ | 8,154 |  |  | $ | 12,938 |
Nine months ended September 30, 2016 |  |  |  |  |
Securities available for sale: |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized holding gains on securities | $ | 8,573 |  |  | $ | 3,313 |  |  | $ | 5,260 |
Reclassification adjustment for gains realized in net income | (1,186 | ) |  | (458 | ) |  | (728 | )
Amortization of unrealized holding gains on securities transferred to the held to maturity category | (79 | ) |  | (30 | ) |  | (49 | )
Total securities available for sale | 7,308 |  |  | 2,825 |  |  | 4,483 |
Derivative instruments: |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized holding losses on derivative instruments | (1,959 | ) |  | (760 | ) |  | (1,199 | )
Total derivative instruments | (1,959 | ) |  | (760 | ) |  | (1,199 | )
Defined benefit pension and post-retirement benefit plans: |  |  |  |  |
Reclassification adjustment for net settlement gain realized in net income | (383 | ) |  | (148 | ) |  | (235 | )
Amortization of net actuarial loss recognized in net periodic pension cost | 360 |  |  | 132 |  |  | 228 |
Total defined benefit pension and post-retirement benefit plans | (23 | ) |  | (16 | ) |  | (7 | )
Total other comprehensive income | $ | 5,326 |  |  | $ | 2,049 |  |  | $ | 3,277 |

The accumulated balances for each component of other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, were as follows as of the dates presented:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Unrealized gains on securities | $ | 14,732 |  |  | $ | 9,490 |
Non-credit related portion of other-than-temporary impairment on securities | (9,313 | ) |  | (16,719 | )
Unrealized losses on derivative instruments | (1,252 | ) |  | (1,355 | )
Unrecognized losses on defined benefit pension and post-retirement benefit plans obligations | (7,133 | ) |  | (7,320 | )
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss | $ | (2,966 | ) |  | $ | (15,904 | )

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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Note 17 – Net Income Per Common Share
(In Thousands, Except Share Data)
Basic net income per common share is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net income per common share reflects the pro forma dilution of shares outstanding, assuming outstanding service-based restricted stock awards fully vested and outstanding stock options were exercised into common shares, calculated in accordance with the treasury method. Basic and diluted net income per common share calculations are as follows for the periods presented:

| Three Months Ended
| September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Basic |  |  |
Net income applicable to common stock | $ | 26,421 |  |  | $ | 23,179 |
Average common shares outstanding | 49,316,572 |  |  | 42,091,164 |
Net income per common share - basic | $ | 0.54 |  |  | $ | 0.55 |
Diluted |  |  |
Net income applicable to common stock | $ | 26,421 |  |  | $ | 23,179 |
Average common shares outstanding | 49,316,572 |  |  | 42,091,164 |
Effect of dilutive stock-based compensation | 118,653 |  |  | 219,194 |
Average common shares outstanding - diluted | 49,435,225 |  |  | 42,310,358 |
Net income per common share - diluted | $ | 0.53 |  |  | $ | 0.55 |

| Nine Months Ended
| September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Basic |  |  |
Net income applicable to common stock | $ | 75,677 |  |  | $ | 67,295 |
Average common shares outstanding | 46,050,250 |  |  | 41,500,407 |
Net income per common share - basic | $ | 1.64 |  |  | $ | 1.62 |
Diluted |  |  |
Net income applicable to common stock | $ | 75,677 |  |  | $ | 67,295 |
Average common shares outstanding | 46,050,250 |  |  | 41,500,407 |
Effect of dilutive stock-based compensation | 117,891 |  |  | 229,501 |
Average common shares outstanding - diluted | 46,168,141 |  |  | 41,729,908 |
Net income per common share - diluted | $ | 1.64 |  |  | $ | 1.61 |

There were no stock options that could potentially dilute basic net income per common share in the future that were not included in the computation of diluted net income per common share due to their anti-dilutive effect for the periods presented above.

Note 18 – Regulatory Matters
(In Thousands)
Renasant Bank is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory, and possibly additional discretionary, actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on Renasant Bank’s financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, Renasant Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of Renasant Bank’s assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Renasant Bank’s capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors.
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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The Federal Reserve, the FDIC and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency have issued guidelines governing the levels of capital that banks must maintain. Those guidelines specify capital tiers, which include the following classifications:

Capital Tiers | Tier 1 Capital to Average Assets (Leverage) |  | Common Equity Tier 1 to Risk - Weighted Assets |  | Tier 1 Capital to Risk – Weighted Assets |  | Total Capital to Risk – Weighted Assets
Well capitalized | 5% or above |  | 6.5% or above |  | 8% or above |  | 10% or above
Adequately capitalized | 4% or above |  | 4.5% or above |  | 6% or above |  | 8% or above
Undercapitalized | Less than 4% |  | Less than 4.5% |  | Less than 6% |  | Less than 8%
Significantly undercapitalized | Less than 3% |  | Less than 3% |  | Less than 4% |  | Less than 6%
Critically undercapitalized | Tangible Equity / Total Assets less than 2%

The following table provides the capital and risk-based capital and leverage ratios for the Company and for Renasant Bank as of the dates presented:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio
Renasant Corporation |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tier 1 Capital to Average Assets (Leverage) | $ | 970,005 |  |  | 10.05 | % |  | $ | 858,850 |  |  | 10.59 | %
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets | 887,234 |  |  | 11.21 | % |  | 766,560 |  |  | 11.47 | %
Tier 1 Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets | 970,005 |  |  | 12.26 | % |  | 858,850 |  |  | 12.86 | %
Total Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets | 1,131,605 |  |  | 14.30 | % |  | 1,004,038 |  |  | 15.03 | %
Renasant Bank |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tier 1 Capital to Average Assets (Leverage) | $ | 990,117 |  |  | 10.28 | % |  | $ | 824,850 |  |  | 10.20 | %
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets | 990,117 |  |  | 12.54 | % |  | 824,850 |  |  | 12.38 | %
Tier 1 Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets | 990,117 |  |  | 12.54 | % |  | 824,850 |  |  | 12.38 | %
Total Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets | 1,038,473 |  |  | 13.15 | % |  | 871,911 |  |  | 13.09 | %

In July 2013, the Federal Reserve, the FDIC and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency approved the implementation of the Basel III regulatory capital reforms and issued rules effecting certain changes required by the Dodd-Frank Act (the “Basel III Rules”) that call for broad and comprehensive revision of regulatory capital standards for U.S. banking organizations. Generally, the new Basel III Rules became effective on January 1, 2015, although parts of the Basel III Rules will be phased in through 2019. The Basel III Rules implemented a new common equity Tier 1 minimum capital requirement (“CET1”), and a higher minimum Tier 1 capital requirement, as reflected in the table above, and adjusted other items affecting the calculation of the numerator of a banking organization’s risk-based capital ratios. The new CET1 capital ratio includes common equity as defined under GAAP and does not include any other type of non-common equity under GAAP. Additionally, the Basel III Rules apply limits to a banking organization’s capital distributions and certain discretionary bonus payments if the banking organization does not hold a specified amount of CET1 capital in addition to the amount necessary to meet its minimum risk-based capital requirements.
Further, the Basel III Rules changed the agencies’ general risk-based capital requirements for determining risk-weighted assets, which affect the calculation of the denominator of a banking organization’s risk-based capital ratios. The Basel III Rules have revised the agencies’ rules for calculating risk-weighted assets to enhance risk sensitivity and to incorporate certain international capital standards of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision set forth in the standardized approach of the “International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards: A Revised Framework”.
The calculation of risk-weighted assets in the denominator of the Basel III capital ratios has been adjusted to reflect the higher risk nature of certain types of loans. Specifically, as applicable to the Company and Renasant Bank:
— Residential mortgages: Replaced the former 50% risk weight for performing residential first-lien mortgages and a 100% risk-weight for all other mortgages with a risk weight of between 35% and 200% determined by the mortgage’s loan-to-value ratio and whether the mortgage falls into one of two categories based on eight criteria that include the
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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
term, use of negative amortization and balloon payments, certain rate increases and documented and verified borrower income.
— Commercial mortgages: Replaced the former 100% risk weight with a 150% risk weight for certain high volatility commercial real estate acquisition, development and construction loans.
— Nonperforming loans: Replaced the former 100% risk weight with a 150% risk weight for loans, other than residential mortgages, that are 90 days past due or on nonaccrual status.
The Basel III Rules also introduce a new capital conservation buffer designed to absorb losses during periods of economic stress. The capital conservation buffer is composed entirely of CET1, on top of these minimum risk-weighted asset ratios. In addition, the Final Rules provide for a countercyclical capital buffer applicable only to certain covered institutions. It is not expected that the countercyclical capital buffer will be applicable to the Company or Renasant Bank. Banking institutions with a ratio of CET1 to risk-weighted assets above the minimum but below the capital conservation buffer (or below the combined capital conservation buffer and countercyclical capital buffer, when the latter is applied) will face constraints on dividends, equity repurchases and compensation based on the amount of the shortfall. The implementation of the capital conservation buffer began on January 1, 2016 at the 0.625% level and will be phased in over a 4-year period (increasing by that amount on each subsequent January 1, until it reaches 2.5% on January 1, 2019).
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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Note 19 – Segment Reporting
(In Thousands)
The operations of the Company’s reportable segments are described as follows:

• | The Community Banks segment delivers a complete range of banking and financial services to individuals and small to medium-sized businesses including checking and savings accounts, business and personal loans, asset-based lending and equipment leasing, as well as safe deposit and night depository facilities.

• | The Insurance segment includes a full service insurance agency offering all major lines of commercial and personal insurance through major carriers.

• | The Wealth Management segment offers a broad range of fiduciary services which include the administration and management of trust accounts including personal and corporate benefit accounts, self-directed IRAs, and custodial accounts. In addition, the Wealth Management segment offers annuities, mutual funds and other investment services through a third party broker-dealer.

In order to give the Company’s divisional management a more precise indication of the income and expenses they can control, the results of operations for the Community Banks, the Insurance and the Wealth Management segments reflect the direct revenues and expenses of each respective segment. Indirect revenues and expenses, including but not limited to income from the Company’s investment portfolio, as well as certain costs associated with data processing and back office functions, primarily support the operations of the community banks and, therefore, are included in the results of the Community Banks segment. Included in “Other” are the operations of the holding company and other eliminations which are necessary for purposes of reconciling to the consolidated amounts.
The following table provides financial information for the Company’s operating segments as of and for the periods presented:

| Community Banks |  | Insurance |  | Wealth Management |  | Other |  | Consolidated
Three months ended September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net interest income (loss) | $ | 92,007 |  |  | $ | 114 |  |  | $ | 564 |  |  | $ | (2,668 | ) |  | $ | 90,017 |
Provision for loan losses | 2,150 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,150 |
Noninterest income | 28,120 |  |  | 2,394 |  |  | 3,213 |  |  | (314 | ) |  | 33,413 |
Noninterest expense | 75,681 |  |  | 1,805 |  |  | 2,887 |  |  | 287 |  |  | 80,660 |
Income (loss) before income taxes | 42,296 |  |  | 703 |  |  | 890 |  |  | (3,269 | ) |  | 40,620 |
Income tax expense (benefit) | 15,199 |  |  | 275 |  |  | — |  |  | (1,275 | ) |  | 14,199 |
Net income (loss) | $ | 27,097 |  |  | $ | 428 |  |  | $ | 890 |  |  | $ | (1,994 | ) |  | $ | 26,421 |
Total assets | $ | 10,216,826 |  |  | $ | 25,729 |  |  | $ | 59,703 |  |  | $ | 21,429 |  |  | $ | 10,323,687 |
Goodwill | 608,279 |  |  | 2,767 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 611,046 |
Three months ended September 30, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net interest income (loss) | $ | 77,064 |  |  | $ | 85 |  |  | $ | 472 |  |  | $ | (1,890 | ) |  | $ | 75,731 |
Provision for loan losses | 2,655 |  |  | — |  |  | (5 | ) |  | — |  |  | 2,650 |
Noninterest income | 32,773 |  |  | 2,454 |  |  | 3,248 |  |  | (203 | ) |  | 38,272 |
Noninterest expense | 71,784 |  |  | 1,762 |  |  | 2,745 |  |  | 177 |  |  | 76,468 |
Income (loss) before income taxes | 35,398 |  |  | 777 |  |  | 980 |  |  | (2,270 | ) |  | 34,885 |
Income tax expense (benefit) | 12,284 |  |  | 301 |  |  | — |  |  | (879 | ) |  | 11,706 |
Net income (loss) | $ | 23,114 |  |  | $ | 476 |  |  | $ | 980 |  |  | $ | (1,391 | ) |  | $ | 23,179 |
Total assets | $ | 8,446,403 |  |  | $ | 22,708 |  |  | $ | 51,176 |  |  | $ | 22,184 |  |  | $ | 8,542,471 |
Goodwill | 467,767 |  |  | 2,767 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 470,534 |

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Renasant Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

| Community Banks |  | Insurance |  | Wealth Management |  | Other |  | Consolidated
Nine months ended September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net interest income (loss) | $ | 249,355 |  |  | $ | 330 |  |  | $ | 1,575 |  |  | $ | (7,625 | ) |  | $ | 243,635 |
Provision for loan losses | 5,400 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,400 |
Noninterest income (loss) | 83,290 |  |  | 7,207 |  |  | 9,599 |  |  | (397 | ) |  | 99,699 |
Noninterest expense | 209,920 |  |  | 5,263 |  |  | 8,788 |  |  | 839 |  |  | 224,810 |
Income (loss) before income taxes | 117,325 |  |  | 2,274 |  |  | 2,386 |  |  | (8,861 | ) |  | 113,124 |
Income tax expense (benefit) | 40,021 |  |  | 888 |  |  | — |  |  | (3,462 | ) |  | 37,447 |
Net income (loss) | $ | 77,304 |  |  | $ | 1,386 |  |  | $ | 2,386 |  |  | $ | (5,399 | ) |  | $ | 75,677 |
Total assets | $ | 10,216,826 |  |  | $ | 25,729 |  |  | $ | 59,703 |  |  | $ | 21,429 |  |  | $ | 10,323,687 |
Goodwill | 608,279 |  |  | 2,767 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 611,046 |
Nine months ended September 30, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net interest income (loss) | $ | 225,449 |  |  | $ | 259 |  |  | $ | 1,349 |  |  | $ | (4,115 | ) |  | $ | 222,942 |
Provision for loan losses | 5,893 |  |  | — |  |  | (13 | ) |  | — |  |  | 5,880 |
Noninterest income | 89,515 |  |  | 7,734 |  |  | 9,296 |  |  | 615 |  |  | 107,160 |
Noninterest expense | 209,442 |  |  | 5,240 |  |  | 8,312 |  |  | 547 |  |  | 223,541 |
Income (loss) before income taxes | 99,629 |  |  | 2,753 |  |  | 2,346 |  |  | (4,047 | ) |  | 100,681 |
Income tax expense (benefit) | 33,875 |  |  | 1,074 |  |  | — |  |  | (1,563 | ) |  | 33,386 |
Net income (loss) | $ | 65,754 |  |  | $ | 1,679 |  |  | $ | 2,346 |  |  | $ | (2,484 | ) |  | $ | 67,295 |
Total assets | $ | 8,446,403 |  |  | $ | 22,708 |  |  | $ | 51,176 |  |  | $ | 22,184 |  |  | $ | 8,542,471 |
Goodwill | 467,767 |  |  | 2,767 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 470,534 |

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
(In Thousands, Except Share Data)
This Form 10-Q may contain or incorporate by reference statements regarding Renasant Corporation (referred to herein as the “Company”, “we”, “our”, or “us”) which may constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such forward-looking statements usually include words such as “expects,” “projects,” “proposes,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “intends,” “estimates,” “strategy,” “plan,” “potential,” “possible” and other similar expressions. Prospective investors are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties and that actual results may differ materially from those contemplated by such forward-looking statements.
Important factors currently known to management that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in forward-looking statements include (1) the Company’s ability to efficiently integrate acquisitions into its operations, retain the customers of these businesses and grow the acquired operations; (2) the effect of economic conditions and interest rates on a national, regional or international basis; (3) the timing of the implementation of changes in operations to achieve enhanced earnings or effect cost savings; (4) competitive pressures in the consumer finance, commercial finance, insurance, financial services, asset management, retail banking, mortgage lending and auto lending industries; (5) the financial resources of, and products available to, competitors; (6) changes in laws and regulations, including changes in accounting standards; (7) changes in policy by regulatory agencies; (8) changes in the securities and foreign exchange markets; (9) the Company’s potential growth, including its entrance or expansion into new markets, and the need for sufficient capital to support that growth; (10) changes in the quality or composition of the Company’s loan or investment portfolios, including adverse developments in borrower industries or in the repayment ability of individual borrowers; (11) an insufficient allowance for loan losses as a result of inaccurate assumptions; (12) general economic, market or business conditions; (13) changes in demand for loan products and financial services; (14) concentration of credit exposure; (15) changes or the lack of changes in interest rates, yield curves and interest rate spread relationships; and (16) other circumstances, many of which are beyond management’s control. Management undertakes no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence of unanticipated events or changes to future operating results over time.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
In addition to results presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America ("GAAP"), this document contains certain non-GAAP financial measures that exclude net interest income collected on problem loans and purchase accounting adjustments from loan interest income and net interest income when calculating the Company's taxable equivalent loan yields and net interest margin, respectively. Management uses these non-GAAP financial measures to evaluate ongoing operating results and to assess ongoing profitability. The reconciliations from GAAP to non-GAAP for these financial measures can be found in “Results of Operations” below.
The presentation of these non-GAAP financial measures is not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for any measure prepared in accordance with GAAP. Readers of this Form 10-Q should note that, because there are no standard definitions for the calculations as well as the results, the Company's calculations may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures presented by other companies. Also, there may be limits in the usefulness of these measures to readers of this document. As a result, the Company encourages readers to consider its consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto in their entirety and not to rely on any single financial measure.
Financial Condition
The following discussion provides details regarding the changes in significant balance sheet accounts at September 30, 2017 compared to December 31, 2016.
Mergers and Acquisitions
On July 1, 2017, the Company completed its acquisition of Metropolitan BancGroup, Inc. (“Metropolitan”), the parent company of Metropolitan Bank. At closing, Metropolitan merged with and into the Company, with the Company the surviving corporation in the merger; immediately thereafter, Metropolitan Bank merged with and into Renasant Bank, with Renasant Bank the surviving banking corporation in the merger. The acquisition increased total assets $1,350,881, including an increase in total loans of $967,804, and increased total deposits by $942,084. The Company is finalizing the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as part of the acquisition; accordingly, the foregoing amounts remain subject to change.
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See Note 2, “Mergers and Acquisitions,” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1, “Financial Statements,” for details regarding the Company’s recent mergers and acquisitions. The Company's financial condition and results of operations include the impact of Metropolitan's operations since the acquisition date.
Assets
Total assets were $10,323,687 at September 30, 2017 compared to $8,699,851 at December 31, 2016.
Investments
The securities portfolio is used to provide a source for meeting liquidity needs and to supply securities to be used in collateralizing certain deposits and other types of borrowings. The following table shows the carrying value of our securities portfolio by investment type and the percentage of such investment type relative to the entire securities portfolio as of the dates presented:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| Balance |  | Percentage of Portfolio |  | Balance |  | Percentage of Portfolio
Obligations of other U.S. Government agencies and corporations | $ | 14,638 |  |  | 1.27 | % |  | $ | 16,259 |  |  | 1.58 | %
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | 350,354 |  |  | 30.45 |  |  | 342,181 |  |  | 33.20 |
Mortgage-backed securities | 749,588 |  |  | 65.16 |  |  | 631,556 |  |  | 61.29 |
Trust preferred securities | 8,960 |  |  | 0.78 |  |  | 18,389 |  |  | 1.78 |
Other debt securities | 26,919 |  |  | 2.34 |  |  | 22,145 |  |  | 2.15 |
| $ | 1,150,459 |  |  | 100.00 | % |  | $ | 1,030,530 |  |  | 100.00 | %

The balance of our securities portfolio at September 30, 2017 increased $119,929 to $1,150,459 from $1,030,530 at December 31, 2016. On the acquisition date, Metropolitan added approximately $108,697 to our securities portfolio. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we purchased $191,679 in investment securities. Mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”), in the aggregate, comprised approximately 96% of these purchases. CMOs are included in the “Mortgage-backed securities” line item in the above table. The mortgage-backed securities and CMOs held in our investment portfolio are primarily issued by government sponsored entities. Proceeds from maturities, calls, sales and principal payments on securities during the first nine months of 2017 totaled $196,296. For information about the Company's decision to transfer all held to maturity securities to securities available for sale in the third quarter of 2017,see Note 3, “Securities,” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company in Item 1, “Financial Statements,” in this report.
The Company holds investments in pooled trust preferred securities. This portfolio had a cost basis of $12,454 and $23,749 and a fair value of $8,960 and $18,389 at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. At September 30, 2017, the investment in pooled trust preferred securities consisted of two securities representing interests in various tranches of trusts collateralized by debt issued by over 160 financial institutions. During the third quarter of 2017, the Company sold one of its pooled trust preferred securities (XXIV) with a carrying value of $9,346 at the time of sale for net proceeds of $9,403 resulting in a gain of $57 on the sale. For more information about the Company’s trust preferred securities, see Note 3, “Securities,” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company in Item 1, “Financial Statements,” in this report.
Loans
Total loans at September 30, 2017 were $7,448,608, an increase of $1,245,899 from $6,202,709 at December 31, 2016.
The table below sets forth the balance of loans, net of unearned income, outstanding by loan type and the percentage of each loan type to total loans as of the dates presented:
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| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| Balance |  | Percentage of Total Loans |  | Balance |  | Percentage of Total Loans
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 1,008,935 |  |  | 13.55 | % |  | $ | 717,490 |  |  | 11.57 | %
Lease financing | 51,902 |  |  | 0.70 |  |  | 46,841 |  |  | 0.75 |
Real estate – construction | 577,720 |  |  | 7.75 |  |  | 552,679 |  |  | 8.91 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 2,295,852 |  |  | 30.82 |  |  | 1,878,177 |  |  | 30.28 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 3,390,389 |  |  | 45.52 |  |  | 2,898,895 |  |  | 46.74 |
Installment loans to individuals | 123,810 |  |  | 1.66 |  |  | 108,627 |  |  | 1.75 |
Total loans, net of unearned income | $ | 7,448,608 |  |  | 100.00 | % |  | $ | 6,202,709 |  |  | 100.00 | %

Loan concentrations are considered to exist when there are amounts loaned to a number of borrowers engaged in similar activities which would cause them to be similarly impacted by economic or other conditions. At September 30, 2017, there were no concentrations of loans exceeding 10% of total loans which are not disclosed as a category of loans separate from the categories listed above.
Non purchased loans totaled $5,293,467 at September 30, 2017 compared to $4,713,572 at December 31, 2016. With the exception of construction loans, the Company experienced loan growth across all categories of non purchased loans, with loans from our specialty commercial business lines, which consist of our asset-based lending, healthcare, factoring, and equipment lease financing banking groups as well as loans meeting the criteria to be guaranteed by the Small Business Administration (“SBA”), contributing $85,068 of the total increase in loans from December 31, 2016.
Looking at the change in loans geographically, non purchased loans in our Mississippi, Georgia, and Tennessee markets increased by $99,173, $285,017, and $64,802, respectively, when compared to December 31, 2016. Non purchased loans in our Alabama and Florida markets (collectively referred to as our “Central Region”) increased $129,347.
Loans purchased in previous acquisitions totaled $2,155,141 and $1,489,137 at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The following tables provide a breakdown of non purchased loans and purchased loans as of the dates presented:

| September 30, 2017
| Non Purchased |  | Purchased |  | Total Loans
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 707,835 |  |  | $ | 301,100 |  |  | $ | 1,008,935 |
Lease financing, net of unearned income | 51,902 |  |  | — |  |  | 51,902 |
Real estate – construction: |  |  |  |  |
Residential | 178,080 |  |  | 42,499 |  |  | 220,579 |
Commercial | 295,144 |  |  | 54,345 |  |  | 349,489 |
Condominiums | 4,414 |  |  | 3,238 |  |  | 7,652 |
Total real estate – construction | 477,638 |  |  | 100,082 |  |  | 577,720 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage: |  |  |  |  |
Primary | 862,541 |  |  | 426,286 |  |  | 1,288,827 |
Home equity | 431,826 |  |  | 122,644 |  |  | 554,470 |
Rental/investment | 271,471 |  |  | 78,115 |  |  | 349,586 |
Land development | 78,222 |  |  | 24,747 |  |  | 102,969 |
Total real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 1,644,060 |  |  | 651,792 |  |  | 2,295,852 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage: |  |  |  |  |
Owner-occupied | 884,376 |  |  | 447,187 |  |  | 1,331,563 |
Non-owner occupied | 1,298,198 |  |  | 581,246 |  |  | 1,879,444 |
Land development | 128,766 |  |  | 50,616 |  |  | 179,382 |
Total real estate – commercial mortgage | 2,311,340 |  |  | 1,079,049 |  |  | 3,390,389 |
Installment loans to individuals | 100,692 |  |  | 23,118 |  |  | 123,810 |
Total loans, net of unearned income | $ | 5,293,467 |  |  | $ | 2,155,141 |  |  | $ | 7,448,608 |

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| December 31, 2016
| Non Purchased |  | Purchased |  | Total Loans
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 589,290 |  |  | $ | 128,200 |  |  | $ | 717,490 |
Lease financing, net of unearned income | 46,841 |  |  | — |  |  | 46,841 |
Real estate – construction: |  |  |  |  |
Residential | 197,029 |  |  | 19,282 |  |  | 216,311 |
Commercial | 285,638 |  |  | 49,471 |  |  | 335,109 |
Condominiums | 1,259 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,259 |
Total real estate – construction | 483,926 |  |  | 68,753 |  |  | 552,679 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage: |  |  |  |  |
Primary | 747,678 |  |  | 281,721 |  |  | 1,029,399 |
Home equity | 400,448 |  |  | 86,151 |  |  | 486,599 |
Rental/investment | 219,237 |  |  | 62,917 |  |  | 282,154 |
Land development | 58,367 |  |  | 21,658 |  |  | 80,025 |
Total real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 1,425,730 |  |  | 452,447 |  |  | 1,878,177 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage: |  |  |  |  |
Owner-occupied | 833,509 |  |  | 378,756 |  |  | 1,212,265 |
Non-owner occupied | 1,106,727 |  |  | 397,404 |  |  | 1,504,131 |
Land development | 134,901 |  |  | 47,598 |  |  | 182,499 |
Total real estate – commercial mortgage | 2,075,137 |  |  | 823,758 |  |  | 2,898,895 |
Installment loans to individuals | 92,648 |  |  | 15,979 |  |  | 108,627 |
Total loans, net of unearned income | $ | 4,713,572 |  |  | $ | 1,489,137 |  |  | $ | 6,202,709 |

Mortgage Loans Held for Sale
Mortgage loans held for sale were $207,288 at September 30, 2017 compared to $177,866 at December 31, 2016.
Mortgage loans to be sold are sold either on a “best efforts” basis or under a mandatory delivery sales agreement. Under a “best efforts” sales agreement, residential real estate originations are locked in at a contractual rate with third party private investors or directly with government sponsored agencies, and the Company is obligated to sell the mortgages to such investors only if the mortgages are closed and funded. The risk we assume is conditioned upon loan underwriting and market conditions in the national mortgage market. Under a mandatory delivery sales agreement, the Company commits to deliver a certain principal amount of mortgage loans to an investor at a specified price and delivery date. Penalties are paid to the investor if we fail to satisfy the contract. Gains and losses are realized at the time consideration is received and all other criteria for sales treatment have been met. These loans are typically sold within 30-40 days after the loan is funded. Although loan fees and some interest income are derived from mortgage loans held for sale, the main source of income is gains from the sale of these loans in the secondary market.
Deposits
The Company relies on deposits as its major source of funds. Total deposits were $8,118,518 and $7,059,137 at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. Noninterest-bearing deposits were $1,835,300 and $1,561,357 at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, while interest-bearing deposits were $6,283,218 and $5,497,780 at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. On the acquisition date, Metropolitan added approximately $267,479 in noninterest-bearing deposits and approximately $674,605 in interest-bearing deposits. Management continues to focus on growing and maintaining a stable source of funding, specifically core deposits. Under certain circumstances, however, management may elect to acquire non-core deposits in the form of public fund deposits or time deposits. The source of funds that we select depends on the terms and how those terms assist us in mitigating interest rate risk, maintaining our liquidity position and managing our net interest margin. Accordingly, funds are acquired to meet anticipated funding needs at the rate and with other terms that, in management's view, best address our interest rate risk, liquidity and net interest margin parameters.
Public fund deposits are those of counties, municipalities or other political subdivisions and may be readily obtained based on the Company’s pricing bid in comparison with competitors. Since public fund deposits are obtained through a bid process, these deposit balances may fluctuate as competitive and market forces change. The Company has focused on growing stable sources of deposits to reduce reliance on public fund deposits. However, the Company continues to participate in the bidding process for public fund deposits when it is reasonable under the circumstances. Our public fund transaction accounts are principally obtained
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from municipalities including school boards and utilities. Public fund deposits were $969,032 and $894,321 at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
Looking at the change in deposits geographically, and excluding deposits assumed in connection with the Metropolitan acquisition, deposits in our Mississippi, Georgia, and Tennessee markets increased $150,560, $24,012 and $3,902, respectively, from December 31, 2016, while deposits in our Central Division market decreased $41,897 from December 31, 2016.
Borrowed Funds
Total borrowings include securities sold under agreements to repurchase, short-term borrowings, advances from the FHLB, subordinated notes and junior subordinated debentures and are classified on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as either short-term borrowings or long-term debt. Short-term borrowings have original maturities less than one year and typically include securities sold under agreements to repurchase, federal funds purchased and short-term FHLB advances. At September 30, 2017, short-term borrowings consisted of $9,230 in security repurchase agreements and short-term borrowings from the FHLB of $375,000, compared to security repurchase agreements of $9,676 and short-term borrowings from the FHLB of $100,000 at December 31, 2016. Our short-term borrowings increased from December 31, 2016 in order to fund our growth, as growth in non purchased loans outpaced our organic deposit growth.
At September 30, 2017, long-term debt totaled $207,703 compared to $202,459 at December 31, 2016. Funds are borrowed from the FHLB primarily to match-fund against certain loans, negating interest rate exposure when rates rise. Such match-funded loans are typically large, fixed rate commercial or real estate loans with long-term maturities. Long-term FHLB advances were $7,760 and $8,542 at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. At September 30, 2017, $103 of the total long-term FHLB advances outstanding were scheduled to mature within twelve months or less. The Company had $2,205,612 of availability on unused lines of credit with the FHLB at September 30, 2017 compared to $2,633,543 at December 31, 2016.
The Company owns the outstanding common securities of business trusts that issued corporation-obligated mandatorily redeemable preferred capital securities to third-party investors. The trusts used the proceeds from the issuance of their preferred capital securities and common securities (collectively referred to as “capital securities”) to buy floating rate junior subordinated debentures issued by the Company (or by companies that the Company subsequently acquired.) The debentures are the trusts' only assets and interest payments from the debentures finance the distributions paid on the capital securities. During the first quarter of 2017, the Company prepaid $10,310 of junior subordinated debentures and incurred a prepayment penalty of $205. The Company's junior subordinated debentures totaled $85,744 at September 30, 2017 compared to $95,643 at December 31, 2016.
The Company’s subordinated notes, net of unamortized debt issuance costs, totaled $114,088 at September 30, 2017 compared to $98,127 at December 31, 2016. As part of the Metropolitan acquisition, the Company assumed $15,000 of 6.50% fixed-to-floating rate subordinated notes due July 1, 2026.
Results of Operations
Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 as Compared to the Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
Net Income
Net income for the three month period ended September 30, 2017 was $26,421 compared to net income of $23,179 for the three month period ended September 30, 2016. Basic and diluted earnings per share ("EPS") for the three month period ended September 30, 2017 were $0.54 and $0.53, respectively, compared to basic and diluted EPS of $0.55 for the three month period ended September 30, 2016.
The Company incurred expenses and charges in connection with certain transactions that are considered to be infrequent or non-recurring in nature. The following table presents the impact of these charges on reported earnings per share for the dates presented:

| Three Months Ended
| September 30, 2017 |  | September 30, 2016
| Pre-tax | After-tax | Impact to Diluted EPS |  | Pre-tax | After-tax | Impact to Diluted EPS
Merger and Conversion expenses | $ | 6,266 |  | $ | 4,075 |  | $ | 0.09 |  |  | $ | 268 |  | $ | 178 |  | $ | — |
Debt prepayment penalty | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 2,210 |  | 1,468 |  | 0.03 |

Net Interest Income
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Net interest income, the difference between interest earned on assets and the cost of interest-bearing liabilities, is the largest component of our net income, comprising 73.34% of total net revenue for the third quarter of 2017. Total net revenue consists of net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent basis and noninterest income. The primary concerns in managing net interest income are the volume, mix and repricing of assets and liabilities.
Net interest income increased to $90,017 for the third quarter of 2017 compared to $75,731 for the same period in 2016. On a tax equivalent basis, net interest income was $91,935 for the third quarter of 2017 as compared to $77,483 for the third quarter of 2016. Net interest margin, the tax equivalent net yield on earning assets, decreased to 4.08% during the third quarter of 2017 compared to 4.15% for the third quarter of 2016. Net interest margin, excluding the impact from interest income collected on problem loans and purchase accounting adjustments on loans, was 3.76% and 3.72% for the third quarter of 2017 and 2016, respectively. The table below presents the reconciliation of this non-GAAP financial measure to reported net interest margin.

| Three Months Ended
| September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Taxable equivalent net interest income, as reported | $ | 91,935 |  |  | $ | 77,483 |
Net interest income collected on problem loans | 963 |  |  | 1,019 |
Accretable yield recognized on purchased loans(1) | 6,259 |  |  | 6,866 |
Net interest income (adjusted) | $ | 84,713 |  |  | $ | 69,598 |
Average earning assets | $ | 8,944,067 |  |  | $ | 7,433,461 |
Net interest margin, as reported | 4.08 | % |  | 4.15 | %
Net interest margin, adjusted | 3.76 | % |  | 3.72 | %

(1) | Includes additional interest income recognized in connection with the acceleration of paydowns and payoffs from purchased loans of $2,770 and $3,317 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, which increased net interest margin by 12 basis points and 18 basis points for the same periods, respectively.

Net interest margin and net interest income are influenced by internal and external factors. Internal factors include balance sheet changes in volume, mix and pricing decisions. External factors include changes in market interest rates, competition and the shape of the interest rate yield curve. The Company is continuing its efforts to replace maturing loans with new or renewed loans at similar rates. For the three months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to the same period in 2016, the increase in loan yields, after excluding the impact of purchase accounting, outpaced the increases in the cost of deposits, which is a result of competitive market forces, driving the increase in net interest income and the expansion of our net interest margin on an adjusted basis.
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The following table sets forth average balance sheet data, including all major categories of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, together with the interest earned or interest paid and the average yield or average rate paid on each such category for the periods presented:

| Three Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016
| Average Balance |  | Interest Income/ Expense |  | Yield/ Rate |  | Average Balance |  | Interest Income/ Expense |  | Yield/ Rate
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-earning assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Not purchased | $ | 5,095,445 |  |  | $ | 57,560 |  |  | 4.48 | % |  | $ | 4,424,727 |  |  | $ | 47,809 |  |  | 4.30 | %
Purchased | 2,279,965 |  |  | 33,133 |  |  | 5.77 | % |  | 1,584,179 |  |  | 26,618 |  |  | 6.68 | %
Purchased and covered(1) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — | % |  | 39,111 |  |  | 701 |  |  | 7.13 | %
Total Loans | 7,375,410 |  |  | 90,693 |  |  | 4.88 | % |  | 6,048,017 |  |  | 75,128 |  |  | 4.94 | %
Mortgage loans held for sale | 226,512 |  |  | 2,419 |  |  | 4.24 | % |  | 241,314 |  |  | 2,026 |  |  | 3.34 | %
Securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Taxable(2) | 807,001 |  |  | 4,758 |  |  | 2.34 |  |  | 695,589 |  |  | 3,418 |  |  | 1.95 |
Tax-exempt | 340,156 |  |  | 4,046 |  |  | 4.72 |  |  | 350,316 |  |  | 4,081 |  |  | 4.63 |
Interest-bearing balances with banks | 194,988 |  |  | 697 |  |  | 1.42 |  |  | 98,225 |  |  | 131 |  |  | 0.53 |
Total interest-earning assets | 8,944,067 |  |  | 102,613 |  |  | 4.55 |  |  | 7,433,461 |  |  | 84,784 |  |  | 4.54 |
Cash and due from banks | 152,654 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 124,794 |  |  |  |  |
Intangible assets | 636,977 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 497,064 |  |  |  |  |
FDIC loss-share indemnification asset(1) | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,816 |  |  |  |  |
Other assets | 543,778 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 502,064 |  |  |  |  |
Total assets | $ | 10,277,476 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 8,562,199 |  |  |  |  |
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing demand(3) | $ | 3,869,297 |  |  | $ | 2,757 |  |  | 0.28 | % |  | $ | 3,106,568 |  |  | $ | 1,515 |  |  | 0.19 | %
Savings deposits | 575,684 |  |  | 101 |  |  | 0.07 |  |  | 528,794 |  |  | 94 |  |  | 0.07 |
Time deposits | 1,814,268 |  |  | 3,976 |  |  | 0.87 |  |  | 1,619,740 |  |  | 3,029 |  |  | 0.74 |
Total interest-bearing deposits | 6,259,249 |  |  | 6,834 |  |  | 0.43 |  |  | 5,255,102 |  |  | 4,638 |  |  | 0.35 |
Borrowed funds | 575,816 |  |  | 3,844 |  |  | 2.65 |  |  | 550,222 |  |  | 2,663 |  |  | 1.93 |
Total interest-bearing liabilities | 6,835,065 |  |  | 10,678 |  |  | 0.62 |  |  | 5,805,324 |  |  | 7,301 |  |  | 0.50 |
Noninterest-bearing deposits | 1,849,396 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,510,309 |  |  |  |  |
Other liabilities | 97,424 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 111,493 |  |  |  |  |
Shareholders’ equity | 1,495,591 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,135,073 |  |  |  |  |
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | $ | 10,277,476 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 8,562,199 |  |  |  |  |
Net interest income/net interest margin |  |  | $ | 91,935 |  |  | 4.08 | % |  |  |  | $ | 77,483 |  |  | 4.15 | %

(1) | Represents information associated with purchased loans covered under loss-share agreements with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”) prior to the termination of such agreements on December 8, 2016.

(2) | U.S. Government and some U.S. Government agency securities are tax-exempt in the states in which we operate.

(3) | Interest-bearing demand deposits include interest-bearing transactional accounts and money market deposits.

The average balances of nonaccruing assets are included in the table above. Interest income and weighted average yields on tax-exempt loans and securities have been computed on a fully tax equivalent basis assuming a federal tax rate of 35% and a state tax rate of 3.66%, which is net of federal tax benefit.
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The following table sets forth a summary of the changes in interest earned, on a tax equivalent basis, and interest paid resulting from changes in volume and rates for the Company for the third quarter of 2017 compared to the third quarter of 2016:

| Volume |  | Rate |  | Net(1)
Interest income: |  |  |  |  |
Loans: |  |  |  |  |
Not purchased | $ | 7,680 |  |  | $ | 2,071 |  |  | $ | 9,751 |
Purchased | 10,226 |  |  | (3,711 | ) |  | 6,515 |
Purchased and covered (2) | (701 | ) |  | — |  |  | (701 | )
Mortgage loans held for sale | (161 | ) |  | 554 |  |  | 393 |
Securities: |  |  |  |  |
Taxable | 661 |  |  | 679 |  |  | 1,340 |
Tax-exempt | (92 | ) |  | 57 |  |  | (35 | )
Interest-bearing balances with banks | 346 |  |  | 220 |  |  | 566 |
Total interest-earning assets | 17,959 |  |  | (130 | ) |  | 17,829 |
Interest expense: |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing demand deposits | 546 |  |  | 696 |  |  | 1,242 |
Savings deposits | 8 |  |  | (1 | ) |  | 7 |
Time deposits | 430 |  |  | 517 |  |  | 947 |
Borrowed funds | 172 |  |  | 1,009 |  |  | 1,181 |
Total interest-bearing liabilities | 1,156 |  |  | 2,221 |  |  | 3,377 |
Change in net interest income | $ | 16,803 |  |  | $ | (2,351 | ) |  | $ | 14,452 |

(1) | Changes in interest due to both volume and rate have been allocated on a pro-rata basis using the absolute ratio value of amounts calculated.

(2) | Represents information associated with purchased loans covered under loss-share agreements with the FDIC prior to the termination of such agreements on December 8, 2016.

Interest income, on a tax equivalent basis, was $102,613 for the third quarter of 2017 compared to $84,784 for the same period in 2016. This increase in interest income, on a tax equivalent basis, is due primarily to the additional earning assets from the Metropolitan acquisition and loan growth in the Company's non purchased loan portfolio as well as an overall increase in the yield on the Company's earning assets due to replacing maturing assets with assets earning similar or higher rates of interest.
The following table presents the percentage of total average earning assets, by type and yield, for the periods presented:

| Percentage of Total Average Earning Assets |  | Yield
| Three Months Ended |  | Three Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Loans | 82.46 | % |  | 81.36 | % |  | 4.88 | % |  | 4.94 | %
Mortgage loans held for sale | 2.53 |  |  | 3.25 |  |  | 4.24 |  |  | 3.34 |
Securities | 12.83 |  |  | 14.07 |  |  | 3.04 |  |  | 2.85 |
Other | 2.18 |  |  | 1.32 |  |  | 1.42 |  |  | 0.53 |
Total earning assets | 100.00 | % |  | 100.00 | % |  | 4.55 | % |  | 4.54 | %

For the third quarter of 2017, loan income, on a tax equivalent basis, increased $15,565 to $90,693 from $75,128 compared to the same period in 2016. The average balance of loans increased $1,327,393 from the third quarter of 2017 compared to the third quarter of 2016 due to the Metropolitan acquisition coupled with strong organic loan growth. The tax equivalent yield on loans was 4.88% for the second quarter of 2017, a 6 basis point decrease from the third quarter of 2016. Excluding the impact from interest income collected on problem loans and purchase accounting adjustments on loans, the tax equivalent yield on loans was
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4.49% and 4.42% for the third quarter of 2017 and 2016, respectively. The table below presents the reconciliation of this non-GAAP financial measure to reported taxable equivalent yield on loans.

| Three Months Ended
| September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Taxable equivalent interest income on loans, as reported | $ | 90,693 |  |  | $ | 75,128 |
Net interest income collected on problem loans | 963 |  |  | 1,019 |
Accretable yield recognized on purchased loans(1) | 6,259 |  |  | 6,866 |
Interest income on loans (adjusted) | $ | 83,471 |  |  | $ | 67,243 |
Average loans | $ | 7,375,410 |  |  | $ | 6,048,017 |
Loan yield, as reported | 4.88 | % |  | 4.94 | %
Loan yield, adjusted | 4.49 | % |  | 4.42 | %

(1) | Includes additional interest income recognized in connection with the acceleration of paydowns and payoffs from purchased loans of $2,770 and $3,317 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, which increased our taxable equivalent loan yield by 15 basis points and 22 basis points for the same periods, respectively.

Investment income, on a tax equivalent basis, increased $1,305 to $8,804 for the third quarter of 2017 from $7,499 for the third quarter of 2016. The average balance in the investment portfolio for the third quarter of 2017 was $1,147,157 compared to $1,045,905 for the same period in 2016. The growth in the investment portfolio resulting from the Metropolitan acquisition was offset by our use of the proceeds from the investment portfolio to fund loan growth. The tax equivalent yield on the investment portfolio for the third quarter of 2017 was 3.04%, up 19 basis points from the same period in 2016.
Interest expense was $10,678 for the third quarter of 2017 as compared to $7,301 for the same period in 2016. The cost of interest-bearing liabilities was 0.62% for the three months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to 0.50% for the three months ended September 30, 2016.
The following table presents, by type, the Company’s funding sources, which consist of total average deposits and borrowed funds, and the total cost of each funding source for the periods presented:

| Percentage of Total Average Deposits and Borrowed Funds |  | Cost of Funds
| Three Months Ended |  | Three Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Noninterest-bearing demand | 21.30 | % |  | 20.65 | % |  | — | % |  | — | %
Interest-bearing demand | 44.55 |  |  | 42.46 |  |  | 0.28 |  |  | 0.19 |
Savings | 6.63 |  |  | 7.23 |  |  | 0.07 |  |  | 0.07 |
Time deposits | 20.89 |  |  | 22.14 |  |  | 0.87 |  |  | 0.74 |
Short term borrowings | 4.24 |  |  | 5.20 |  |  | 1.17 |  |  | 0.46 |
Long-term Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 0.09 |  |  | 0.43 |  |  | 3.36 |  |  | 3.89 |
Subordinated notes | 1.31 |  |  | 0.58 |  |  | 5.88 |  |  | 5.47 |
Other borrowed funds | 0.99 |  |  | 1.31 |  |  | 4.63 |  |  | 5.54 |
Total deposits and borrowed funds | 100.00 | % |  | 100.00 | % |  | 0.49 | % |  | 0.40 | %

Interest expense on deposits was $6,834 and $4,638 for the third quarter of 2017 and 2016, respectively. The cost of total deposits was 0.33% and 0.27% for the same periods. The increase is attributable to both the increase in the average balance of total interest bearing deposits resulting from the Metropolitan acquisition as well as an increase in the interest rates on interest bearing demand deposits and time deposits. Although the Company continues to seek changes in the mix of our deposits from higher costing time deposits to lower costing interest-bearing deposits and noninterest-bearing deposits, rates offered on the Company's interest-bearing
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deposit accounts, including time deposits, have increased to match competitive market interest rates in order to maintain stable sources of funding.
Interest expense on total borrowings was $3,844 and $2,663 for the third quarter of 2017 and 2016, respectively. The average balance of borrowings increased $25,594 to $575,816 for the three months ended September 30, 2017, as compared to $550,222 for the same period in 2016. The increase is attributable to the subordinated notes offered in the third quarter of 2016 offset by a decrease in average short-term borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank. The cost of total borrowed funds was 2.65% and 1.93% for the third quarter of 2017 and 2016, respectively.
A more detailed discussion of the cost of our funding sources is set forth below under the heading “Liquidity and Capital Resources” in this item.
Noninterest Income

Noninterest Income to Average Assets
Three Months Ended September 30,
2017 |  | 2016
1.29% |  | 1.78%

Total noninterest income includes fees generated from deposit services, originations and sales of mortgage loans, insurance products, trust and other wealth management products and services, security gains and all other noninterest income. Our focus is to develop and enhance our products that generate noninterest income in order to diversify our revenue sources. Noninterest income was $33,413 for the third quarter of 2017 as compared to $38,272 for the same period in 2016. The decrease in noninterest income and its related components is primarily attributable to a decrease in mortgage banking income as compared to the corresponding period in 2016.
Service charges on deposit accounts include maintenance fees on accounts, per item charges, account enhancement charges for additional packaged benefits and overdraft fees. Service charges on deposit accounts were $8,676 and $8,200 for the third quarter of 2017 and 2016, respectively. Overdraft fees, the largest component of service charges on deposits, were $5,957 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 compared to $5,946 for the same period in 2016.
Fees and commissions increased to $5,618 during the third quarter of 2017 as compared to $4,921 for the same period in 2016. Fees and commissions include fees related to deposit services, such as ATM fees and interchange fees on debit card transactions. For the third quarter of 2017, interchange fees on debit card transactions, the largest component of fees and commissions, were $4,562 as compared to $4,024 for the same period in 2016. At September 30, 2017, our assets were in excess of $10,000,000. If our assets remain above $10,000,000 at December 31, 2017, then beginning on July 1, 2018 we will become subject to the limitations on interchange fees imposed pursuant to §1075 of the Dodd-Frank Act (this provision, which is commonly referred to as the “Durbin Amendment,” is discussed in more detail in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2016). Based on management’s current estimates, the impact of the Durbin Amendment on the Company’s interchange fee income will be approximately $2,100 to $2,300 per quarter. Management is continuing to examine this issue and develop strategies to offset the impact of the Durbin Amendment.
Through Renasant Insurance, we offer a range of commercial and personal insurance products through major insurance carriers.
Income earned on insurance products was $2,365 and $2,420 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Contingency income is a bonus received from the insurance underwriters and is based both on commission income and claims experience on our clients' policies during the previous year. Increases and decreases in contingency income are reflective of corresponding increases and decreases in the amount of claims paid by insurance carriers. Contingency income, which is included in “Other noninterest income” in the Consolidated Statements of Income, was $23 and $25 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
The Trust division within the Wealth Management segment operates on both a fully discretionary and a directed basis which includes administration of employee benefit plans, as well as accounting and money management for trust accounts. The division manages a number of trust accounts inclusive of personal, corporate and employee benefit accounts, self-directed IRAs, and custodial accounts. Fees for managing these accounts are based on changes in market values of the assets under management in the account, with the amount of the fee depending on the type of account. Additionally, the Financial Services division within the Wealth Management segment provides specialized investment products and services to our customers, which include fixed and variable annuities, mutual funds, and stocks offered through a third party provider. Wealth Management revenue was $2,963 for
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the third quarter of 2017 compared to $3,040 for the same period in 2016. The market value of assets under management or administration was $3,073,271 and $3,091,815 at September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively.
Mortgage banking income is derived from the origination and sale of mortgage loans and the servicing of mortgage loans that the Company has sold but retained the right to service. Although loan fees and some interest income are derived from mortgage loans held for sale, the main source of income is gains from the sale of these loans in the secondary market. Originations of mortgage loans to be sold totaled $483,777 in the three months ended September 30, 2017 compared to $510,143 for the same period in 2016. The decrease in mortgage loan originations is due to a reduction in the refinancing of mortgage loans as mortgage interest rates have increased. This impact is compounded by margin compression as a result of increased competition due to a reduction in the housing supply in a number of our markets. We expect conditions to remain competitive while mortgage rates remain high and housing supply remains down. The following table presents the components of mortgage banking income included in noninterest income for the three months ending September 30:

| 2017 |  | 2016
Mortgage servicing income, net | $ | 387 |  |  | $ | (158 | )
Gain on sales of loans, net | 4,111 |  |  | 13,716 |
Fees, net | 6,118 |  |  | 2,288 |
Mortgage banking income, net | $ | 10,616 |  |  | $ | 15,846 |

Bank-owned life insurance (“BOLI”) income is derived from changes in the cash surrender value of the bank-owned life insurance policies. BOLI income increased slightly to $1,136 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to $979 for the same period in 2016.
Other noninterest income was $1,982 and $2,866 for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Other noninterest income includes contingency income from our insurance underwriters, income from our SBA banking division, and other miscellaneous income and can fluctuate based on the claims experience in our Insurance agency, production in our SBA banking division, and recognition of other unseasonal income items.
Noninterest Expense

Noninterest Expense to Average Assets
Three Months Ended September 30,
2017 |  | 2016
3.11% |  | 3.55%

Noninterest expense was $80,660 and $76,468 for the third quarter of 2017 and 2016, respectively. The Company recorded merger and conversion expenses of $6,266 for the three months ended September 30, 2017, as compared to $268 for the same period in 2016. During the third quarter of 2016, the Company recognized a penalty charge of $2,210 in connection with the prepayment of certain long-term FHLB advances. No such charge was incurred during the comparable quarter in 2017. Merger and conversion expenses and debt prepayment penalties are considered nonrecurring expenses.
Salaries and employee benefits increased $3,828 to $48,530 for the third quarter of 2017 as compared to $44,702 for the same period in 2016. The increase in salaries and employee benefits as a result of the Metropolitan acquisition was slightly offset by a decrease in commission expense from the mortgage production decrease during the third quarter of 2017 compared to the same period of 2016.
Data processing costs decreased to $4,179 in the third quarter of 2017 from $4,560 for the same period in 2016. The decrease for the third quarter of 2017 as compared to the same period in 2016 was primarily attributable to the cost savings realized through contract renegotiations.
Net occupancy and equipment expense for the third quarter of 2017 was $9,470, up from $8,830 for the same period in 2016. The increase is attributable to the addition of Metropolitan operations and the enhancements to our IT infrastructure in response to banking and governmental regulation and increased global risk from cyber security breaches.
Expenses related to other real estate owned for the third quarter of 2017 were $603 compared to $1,540 for the same period in 2016. Expenses on other real estate owned for the third quarter of 2017 included write downs of $697 of the carrying value to fair
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value on certain pieces of property held in other real estate owned. Other real estate owned with a cost basis of $3,750 was sold during the three months ended September 30, 2017, resulting in a net gain of $350. Expenses on other real estate owned for the three months ended September 30, 2016 included a $1,048 write down of the carrying value to fair value on certain pieces of property held in other real estate owned. Other real estate owned with a cost basis of $3,287 was sold during the three months ended September 30, 2016, resulting in a net loss of $204.
Professional fees include fees for legal and accounting services. Professional fees were $1,552 for the third quarter of 2017 as compared to $1,824 for the same period in 2016. Professional fees remain elevated in large part due to additional legal, accounting and consulting fees associated with compliance costs of newly enacted as well as existing banking and governmental regulation. Professional fees attributable to legal fees associated with loan workouts and foreclosure proceedings remain at higher levels in correlation with the credit deterioration identified in our loan portfolio and the Company’s efforts to bring these credits to resolution.
Advertising and public relations expense was $1,802 for the third quarter of 2017 compared to $1,661 for the same period in 2016. This increase is primarily attributable to an increased focus on digital and television marketing throughout our footprint in 2017.
Amortization of intangible assets totaled $1,766 and $1,684 for the third quarter of 2017 and 2016, respectively. This amortization relates to finite-lived intangible assets which are being amortized over the useful lives as determined at acquisition. These finite-lived intangible assets have remaining estimated useful lives ranging from approximately 3 years to approximately 10 years.
Communication expenses, those expenses incurred for communication to clients and between employees, were $1,927 for the third quarter of 2017 as compared to $2,097 for the same period in 2016. The decrease can be attributed to the transition from a traditional telephone system to a Voice over IP phone system, which is more cost efficient.

Efficiency Ratio
Three Months Ended September 30,
2017 |  | 2016
64.35% |  | 66.06%

The efficiency ratio is one measure of productivity in the banking industry. This ratio is calculated to measure the cost of generating one dollar of revenue. That is, the ratio is designed to reflect the percentage of one dollar which must be expended to generate that dollar of revenue. The Company calculates this ratio by dividing noninterest expense by the sum of net interest income on a fully tax equivalent basis and noninterest income. Merger and conversion expenses contributed approximately 500 basis points to the efficiency ratio for the third quarter of 2017. Merger and conversion expenses and debt prepayment penalties contributed approximately 23 basis points and 191 basis points, respectively, to the efficiency ratio for the third quarter of 2016. We remain committed to aggressively managing our costs within the framework of our business model. We expect the efficiency ratio to improve from currently reported levels as a result of revenue growth while at the same time controlling noninterest expenses.
Income Taxes
Income tax expense for the third quarter of 2017 and 2016 was $14,199 and $11,706, respectively. The effective tax rates for those periods were 34.96% and 33.56%, respectively. The increase in taxable income has contributed to the increase in the effective tax rate for the third quarter of 2017 as compared to the same period in 2016.
Results of Operations
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 as Compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
Net Income
Net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 was $75,677 compared to net income of $67,295 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. Basic and diluted EPS for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 were both $1.64, as compared to basic and diluted EPS of $1.62 and $1.61, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2016.
The Company incurred expenses and charges in connection with certain transactions that are considered to be infrequent or non-recurring in nature. The following table presents the impact of these charges on reported earnings per share for the dates presented:
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| Nine Months Ended
| September 30, 2017 |  | September 30, 2016
| Pre-tax | After-tax | Impact to Diluted EPS |  | Pre-tax | After-tax | Impact to Diluted EPS
Merger and Conversion expenses | $ | 9,655 |  | $ | 6,459 |  | $ | 0.14 |  |  | $ | 4,023 |  | $ | 2,689 |  | $ | 0.07 |
Debt prepayment penalty | 205 |  | 137 |  | — |  |  | 2,539 |  | 1,697 |  | 0.05 |

Net Interest Income
Net interest income, the difference between interest earned on assets and the cost of interest-bearing liabilities, is the largest component of our net income, comprising 71.43% of total net revenue for the first nine months of 2017. Total net revenue consists of net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent basis and noninterest income. The primary concerns in managing net interest income are the volume, mix and repricing of assets and liabilities.
Net interest income increased to $243,635 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 compared to $222,942 for the same period in 2016. On a tax equivalent basis, net interest income was $249,295 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to $228,228 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. Net interest margin, the tax equivalent net yield on earning assets, decreased to 4.12% during the nine months ended September 30, 2017, as compared to 4.21% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. Net interest margin, excluding the impact from interest income collected on problem loans and purchase accounting adjustments on loans, was 3.76% and 3.78% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The following table presents the reconciliation of this non-GAAP financial measure to reported net interest margin.

| Nine Months Ended
| September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Taxable equivalent net interest income, as reported | $ | 249,295 |  |  | $ | 228,228 |
Net interest income collected on problem loans | 4,264 |  |  | 2,610 |
Accretable yield recognized on purchased loans(1) | 17,273 |  |  | 21,135 |
Net interest income (adjusted) | $ | 227,758 |  |  | $ | 204,483 |
Average earning assets | $ | 8,094,838 |  |  | $ | 7,233,302 |
Net interest margin, as reported | 4.12 | % |  | 4.21 | %
Net interest margin, adjusted | 3.76 | % |  | 3.78 | %

(1) | Includes additional interest income recognized in connection with the acceleration of paydowns and payoffs from purchased loans of $8,185 and $9,616 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, which increased net interest margin by 14 basis points and 18 basis points for the same periods, respectively.

Net interest margin and net interest income are influenced by internal and external factors. Internal factors include balance sheet changes in volume, mix and pricing decisions. External factors include changes in market interest rates, competition and the shape of the interest rate yield curve. Growth in the Company's loan portfolio is the largest contributing factor to the increase in net interest income. Furthermore, the Company is continuing its efforts to replace maturing loans with new or renewed loans at similar rates driving further interest income and interest margin expansion (after excluding the impact from purchase accounting adjustments).
The following table sets forth average balance sheet data, including all major categories of interest-earning assets and interest bearing liabilities, together with the interest earned or interest paid and the average yield or average rate paid on each such category for the periods presented:
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| Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016
| Average Balance |  | Interest Income/ Expense |  | Yield/ Rate |  | Average Balance |  | Interest Income/ Expense |  | Yield/ Rate
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-earning assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Not purchased | $ | 4,930,254 |  |  | $ | 163,530 |  |  | 4.43 | % |  | $ | 4,186,798 |  |  | $ | 136,982 |  |  | 4.37 | %
Purchased | 1,696,594 |  |  | 79,730 |  |  | 6.28 |  |  | 1,569,785 |  |  | 77,175 |  |  | 6.57 |
Purchased and covered(1) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 54,767 |  |  | 2,909 |  |  | 7.10 |
Total Loans | 6,626,848 |  |  | 243,260 |  |  | 4.91 |  |  | 5,811,350 |  |  | 217,066 |  |  | 4.99 |
Mortgage loans held for sale | 169,508 |  |  | 5,399 |  |  | 4.26 |  |  | 254,930 |  |  | 6,870 |  |  | 3.60 |
Securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Taxable(2) | 750,141 |  |  | 13,168 |  |  | 2.35 |  |  | 732,915 |  |  | 11,875 |  |  | 2.16 |
Tax-exempt | 336,937 |  |  | 12,234 |  |  | 4.85 |  |  | 353,954 |  |  | 12,466 |  |  | 4.70 |
Interest-bearing balances with banks | 211,404 |  |  | 1,762 |  |  | 1.11 |  |  | 80,153 |  |  | 308 |  |  | 0.51 |
Total interest-earning assets | 8,094,838 |  |  | 275,823 |  |  | 4.56 |  |  | 7,233,302 |  |  | 248,585 |  |  | 4.59 |
Cash and due from banks | 133,846 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 134,238 |  |  |  |  |
Intangible assets | 541,571 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 490,225 |  |  |  |  |
FDIC loss-share indemnification asset(1) | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5,725 |  |  |  |  |
Other assets | 487,833 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 493,949 |  |  |  |  |
Total assets | $ | 9,258,088 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 8,357,439 |  |  |  |  |
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing demand(3) | $ | 3,551,102 |  |  | $ | 6,487 |  |  | 0.24 |  |  | $ | 3,058,663 |  |  | $ | 4,277 |  |  | 0.19 |
Savings deposits | 566,148 |  |  | 295 |  |  | 0.07 |  |  | 521,176 |  |  | 276 |  |  | 0.07 |
Time deposits | 1,679,165 |  |  | 10,515 |  |  | 0.84 |  |  | 1,573,749 |  |  | 8,465 |  |  | 0.72 |
Total interest-bearing deposits | 5,796,415 |  |  | 17,297 |  |  | 0.40 |  |  | 5,153,588 |  |  | 13,018 |  |  | 0.34 |
Borrowed funds | 364,865 |  |  | 9,231 |  |  | 3.38 |  |  | 561,294 |  |  | 7,339 |  |  | 1.75 |
Total interest-bearing liabilities | 6,161,280 |  |  | 26,528 |  |  | 0.58 |  |  | 5,714,882 |  |  | 20,357 |  |  | 0.48 |
Noninterest-bearing deposits | 1,673,289 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,435,438 |  |  |  |  |
Other liabilities | 88,798 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 104,464 |  |  |  |  |
Shareholders’ equity | 1,334,721 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,102,655 |  |  |  |  |
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | $ | 9,258,088 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 8,357,439 |  |  |  |  |
Net interest income/net interest margin |  |  | $ | 249,295 |  |  | 4.12 | % |  |  |  | $ | 228,228 |  |  | 4.21 | %

(1)Represents information associated with purchased loans covered under loss-share agreements with the FDIC prior to the termination of such agreements on December 8, 2016.
(2)U.S. Government and some U.S. Government Agency securities are tax-exempt in the states in which we operate.
(3)Interest-bearing demand deposits include interest-bearing transactional accounts and money market deposits.
The average balances of nonaccruing assets are included in the table above. Interest income and weighted average yields on tax-exempt loans and securities have been computed on a fully tax equivalent basis assuming a federal tax rate of 35% and a state tax rate of 3.66%, which is net of federal tax benefit.
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The following table sets forth a summary of the changes in interest earned, on a tax equivalent basis, and interest paid resulting from changes in volume and rates for the Company for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 compared to the same period in 2016:

| Volume |  | Rate |  | Net
Interest income: |  |  |  |  |
Loans: |  |  |  |  |
Not purchased | $ | 24,543 |  |  | $ | 2,005 |  |  | $ | 26,548 |
Purchased | 5,870 |  |  | (3,315 | ) |  | 2,555 |
Purchased and covered (1) | (2,909 | ) |  | — |  |  | (2,909 | )
Mortgage loans held for sale | (2,732 | ) |  | 1,261 |  |  | (1,471 | )
Securities: |  |  |  |  |
Taxable | 300 |  |  | 993 |  |  | 1,293 |
Tax-exempt | (650 | ) |  | 418 |  |  | (232 | )
Interest-bearing balances with banks | 1,094 |  |  | 360 |  |  | 1,454 |
Total interest-earning assets | 25,516 |  |  | 1,722 |  |  | 27,238 |
Interest expense: |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing demand deposits | 898 |  |  | 1,312 |  |  | 2,210 |
Savings deposits | 23 |  |  | (4 | ) |  | 19 |
Time deposits | 658 |  |  | 1,392 |  |  | 2,050 |
Borrowed funds | (4,951 | ) |  | 6,843 |  |  | 1,892 |
Total interest-bearing liabilities | (3,372 | ) |  | 9,543 |  |  | 6,171 |
Change in net interest income | $ | 28,888 |  |  | $ | (7,821 | ) |  | $ | 21,067 |

(1) | Represents information associated with purchased loans covered under loss-share agreements with the FDIC prior to the termination of such agreements on December 8, 2016.

Interest income, on a tax equivalent basis, was $275,823 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 compared to $248,585 for the same period in 2016. This increase in interest income, on a tax equivalent basis, is due primarily to the additional earning assets from the Metropolitan acquisition and loan growth in the Company's non purchased loan portfolio as well as an overall increase in the yield on the Company's earning assets due to replacing maturing assets with assets earning similar or higher rates of interest.
The following table presents the percentage of total average earning assets, by type and yield, for the periods presented:

| Percentage of Total Average Earning Assets |  | Yield
| Nine Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Loans | 81.87 | % |  | 80.34 | % |  | 4.91 | % |  | 4.99 | %
Mortgage loans held for sale | 2.09 |  |  | 3.52 |  |  | 4.26 |  |  | 3.60 |
Securities | 13.43 |  |  | 15.03 |  |  | 3.12 |  |  | 2.99 |
Other | 2.61 |  |  | 1.11 |  |  | 1.11 |  |  | 0.51 |
Total earning assets | 100.00 | % |  | 100.00 | % |  | 4.56 | % |  | 4.59 | %

For the nine months ending September 30, 2017, loan income, on a tax equivalent basis, increased $26,194 to $243,260 from $217,066 in the same period in 2016. The average balance of loans increased $815,498 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 compared to the same period in 2016 due to the Metropolitan acquisition coupled with strong organic loan growth. The tax equivalent yield on loans was 4.91% for the nine months ending September 30, 2017, a 8 basis point decrease from the same period in 2016. Excluding the impact from interest income collected on problem loans and purchase accounting adjustments, the
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tax equivalent yield on loans was 4.47% and 4.44% for the nine months ending September 30, 2017 and 2016. The table below presents the reconciliation of this non-GAAP financial measure to reported taxable equivalent yield on loans.

| Nine Months Ended
| September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Taxable equivalent interest income on loans, as reported | $ | 243,260 |  |  | $ | 217,066 |
Net interest income collected on problem loans | 4,264 |  |  | 2,610 |
Accretable yield recognized on purchased loans(1) | 17,273 |  |  | 21,135 |
Interest income on loans (adjusted) | $ | 221,723 |  |  | $ | 193,321 |
Average loans | $ | 6,626,848 |  |  | $ | 5,811,350 |
Loan yield, as reported | 4.91 | % |  | 4.99 | %
Loan yield, adjusted | 4.47 | % |  | 4.44 | %

(1) | Includes additional interest income recognized in connection with the acceleration of paydowns and payoffs from purchased loans of $8,185 and $9,616 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, which increased our taxable equivalent loan yield by 17 basis points and 22 basis points for the same periods, respectively.

Investment income, on a tax equivalent basis, increased $1,061 to $25,402 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 from $24,341 for the same period in 2016. The average balance in the investment portfolio for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 was $1,087,078 compared to $1,086,869 for the same period in 2016. The tax equivalent yield on the investment portfolio for the first nine months of 2017 was 3.12%, up 13 basis points from 2.99% in the same period in 2016. Due to the recent increases in interest rates, the prepayment speeds for mortgage backed securities slowed in the first quarter of 2017 which led to a higher yield on these securities.
Interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 was $26,528 as compared to $20,357 for the same period in 2016. The cost of interest-bearing liabilities was 0.58% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to 0.48% for the same period in 2016.
The following table presents, by type, the Company’s funding sources, which consist of total average deposits and borrowed funds, and the total cost of each funding source for the periods presented:

| Percentage of Total Average Deposits and Borrowed Funds |  | Cost of Funds
| Nine Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Noninterest-bearing demand | 21.36 | % |  | 20.08 | % |  | — | % |  | — | %
Interest-bearing demand | 45.33 |  |  | 42.78 |  |  | 0.24 |  |  | 0.19 |
Savings | 7.23 |  |  | 7.29 |  |  | 0.07 |  |  | 0.07 |
Time deposits | 21.43 |  |  | 22.01 |  |  | 0.84 |  |  | 0.72 |
Short-term borrowings | 2.11 |  |  | 5.68 |  |  | 1.08 |  |  | 0.47 |
Long-term Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 0.10 |  |  | 0.63 |  |  | 3.43 |  |  | 4.05 |
Subordinated notes | 1.32 |  |  | 0.20 |  |  | 5.64 |  |  | 5.45 |
Other long term borrowings | 1.12 |  |  | 1.33 |  |  | 5.06 |  |  | 5.54 |
Total deposits and borrowed funds | 100.00 | % |  | 100.00 | % |  | 0.45 | % |  | 0.38 | %

Interest expense on deposits was $17,297 and $13,018 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The cost of total deposits was 0.31% and 0.26% for the same periods. The increase is attributable to both the increase in the average balance of all interest bearing deposits resulting from the Metropolitan acquisition and organic deposit growth as well as an increase in the interest rates on interest bearing demand deposits and time deposits. Although the Company continues to seek changes in the mix of our deposits from higher costing time deposits to lower costing interest-bearing deposits and non-interest bearing
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deposits, rates offered on the Company's interest-bearing deposit accounts, including time deposits, have increased to match competitive market interest rates in order to maintain stable sources of funding.
Interest expense on total borrowings was $9,231 and $7,339 for the first nine months of 2017 and 2016, respectively. The average balance of borrowings decreased $196,429 to $364,865 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, as compared to $561,294 for the same period in 2016. The decrease is attributable to a decrease in short-term borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank offset by the subordinated notes offered in the third quarter of 2016. The cost of total borrowed funds was 3.38% and 1.75% for the first nine months of 2017 and 2016, respectively. Although the average balance of borrowings have decreased, the lower costing short-term borrowings discussed above were replaced with the higher costing subordinated notes.
A more detailed discussion of the cost of our funding sources is set forth below under the heading “Liquidity and Capital Resources” in this item.
Noninterest Income

Noninterest Income to Average Assets
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2017 |  | 2016
1.44% |  | 1.71%

Noninterest income was $99,699 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to $107,160 for the same period in 2016. The decrease in noninterest income and its related components is primarily attributable to a decrease in mortgage banking income and the absence of a material gain on the sale of securities in the first nine months of 2017 as compared to the corresponding period in 2016.
Service charges on deposit accounts include maintenance fees on accounts, per item charges, account enhancement charges for additional packaged benefits and overdraft fees. Service charges on deposit accounts were $24,565 and $23,712 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Overdraft fees, the largest component of service charges on deposits, were $17,414 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 compared to $17,014 for the same period in 2016.
Fees and commissions increased to $16,287 for the first nine months of September 30, 2017 as compared to $14,042 for the same period in 2016. Fees and commissions include fees related to deposit services, such as ATM fees and interchange fees on debit card transactions. Interchange fees on debit card transactions, the largest component of fees and commissions, were $13,440 for the nine months ending September 30, 2017 as compared to $12,178 for the same period in 2016. Please refer to the section above addressing our noninterest income for the three months ended September 30, 2017 for a discussion of the potential impact of the Durbin Amendment on the Company.
Through Renasant Insurance, we offer a range of commercial and personal insurance products through major insurance carriers. Income earned on insurance products was $6,406 and $6,557 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Contingency income is a bonus received from the insurance underwriters and is based both on commission income and claims experience on our clients' policies during the previous year. Increases and decreases in contingency income are reflective of corresponding increases and decreases in the amount of claims paid by insurance carriers. Contingency income, which is included in “Other noninterest income” in the Consolidated Statements of Income, was $789 and $1,154 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
The Trust division within the Wealth Management segment operates on both a fully discretionary and a directed basis which includes administration of employee benefit plans, as well as accounting and money management for trust accounts. The division manages a number of trust accounts inclusive of personal, corporate and employee benefit accounts, self-directed IRAs, and custodial accounts. Fees for managing these accounts are based on changes in market values of the assets under management in the account, with the amount of the fee depending on the type of account. Additionally, the Financial Services division within the Wealth Management segment provides specialized products and services to our customers, which include fixed and variable annuities, mutual funds, and stocks offered through a third party provider. Wealth Management revenue was $8,884 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 compared to $8,803 for the same period in 2016. The market value of assets under management or administration was $3,073,271 and $3,091,815 at September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively.
Mortgage banking income is derived from the origination and sale of mortgage loans and the servicing of mortgage loans that the Company has sold but retained the right to service. Although loan fees and some interest income are derived from mortgage loans held for sale, the main source of income is gains from the sale of these loans in the secondary market. Originations of mortgage
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loans to be sold totaled $1,256,233 in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 compared to $1,516,650 for the same period in 2016. The decrease in mortgage loan originations is due to a reduction in the refinancing of mortgage loans as mortgage interest rates have increased. This impact is compounded by margin compression as a result of increased competition due to a reduction in the housing supply in a number of our markets. We expect conditions to remain competitive while mortgage rates remain high and housing supply remains down. The following table presents the components of mortgage banking income included in noninterest income for the nine months ending September 30:

| 2017 |  | 2016
Mortgage servicing income, net | $ | 1,380 |  |  | $ | 187 |
Gain on sales of loans, net | 15,719 |  |  | 26,685 |
Fees, net | 16,445 |  |  | 14,309 |
Mortgage banking income, net | $ | 33,544 |  |  | $ | 41,181 |

Bank-owned life insurance (“BOLI”) income is derived from changes in the cash surrender value of the bank-owned life insurance policies. BOLI income increased to $3,234 for the first nine months of September 30, 2017 as compared to $2,929 for the same period in 2016. The increase is primarily driven by death benefits received from existing policies.
Other noninterest income was $6,722 and $8,750 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Other noninterest income includes contingency income from our insurance underwriters, income from our SBA banking division, and other miscellaneous income and can fluctuate based on the claims experience in our Insurance agency, production in our SBA banking division, and recognition of other unseasonal income items.
Noninterest Expense

Noninterest Expense to Average Assets
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2017 |  | 2016
3.25% |  | 3.57%

Noninterest expense was $224,810 and $223,541 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Merger and conversion expense was $9,655 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, as compared to $4,023 for the same period in 2016. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company recognized a penalty charge of $205 in connection with the prepayment of $10,310 of junior subordinated debentures. The Company recognized a penalty charge of $2,539 in connection with the prepayment of certain long-term FHLB advances during the same time period in 2016. Merger and conversion expenses and debt prepayment penalties are considered nonrecurring expenses.
Salaries and employee benefits increased $3,271 to $135,753 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to $132,482 for the same period in 2016. The increase in salaries and employee benefits as a result of the Metropolitan acquisition was slightly offset by a decrease in commission expense from the mortgage production decrease during the first nine months of 2017 compared to the same period of 2016.
Data processing costs decreased to $12,248 in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 from $13,220 for the same period in 2016. The decrease for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to the same period in 2016 was primarily attributable to the cost savings realized through contract renegotiations.
Net occupancy and equipment expense for the first nine months of 2017 was $27,603, up from $25,585 for the same period in 2016. The increase in occupancy and equipment expense is primarily attributable to the Metropolitan acquisition coupled with enhancements to our IT infrastructure in response to banking and governmental regulation and increased global risk from cyber security breaches.
Expenses related to other real estate owned for the first nine months of 2017 were $1,916 compared to $4,111 for the same period in 2016. Expenses on other real estate owned for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 included write downs of $1,454 of the carrying value to fair value on certain pieces of property held in other real estate owned. Other real estate owned with a cost basis of $10,736 was sold during the nine months ended September 30, 2017, resulting in a net gain of $488. Expenses on other real estate owned for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 included a $2,330 write down of the carrying value to fair value
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on certain pieces of property held in other real estate owned. Other real estate owned with a cost basis of $11,475 was sold during the nine months ended September 30, 2016, resulting in a net loss of $435.
Professional fees include fees for legal and accounting services. Professional fees were $5,501 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to $5,459 for the same period in 2016. Professional fees remain elevated in large part due to additional legal, accounting and consulting fees associated with compliance costs of newly enacted as well as existing banking and governmental regulation. Professional fees attributable to legal fees associated with loan workouts and foreclosure proceedings remain at higher levels in correlation with the credit deterioration identified in our loan portfolio and the Company’s efforts to bring these credits to resolution.
Advertising and public relations expense was $5,824 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 compared to $5,040 for the same period in 2016. This increase is primarily attributable to an increased focus on digital and television marketing throughout our footprint in 2017.
Amortization of intangible assets totaled $4,822 and $5,123 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. This amortization relates to finite-lived intangible assets which are being amortized over the useful lives as determined at acquisition. These finite-lived intangible assets have remaining estimated useful lives ranging from approximately 3 years to approximately 10 years.
Communication expenses, those expenses incurred for communication to clients and between employees, were $5,698 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to $6,308 for the same period in 2016. The decrease can be attributed to the transition from a traditional telephone system to a Voice over IP phone system, which is more cost efficient.

Efficiency Ratio
Nine Months Ended September 30,
2017 |  | 2016
64.42% |  | 66.65%

The efficiency ratio is one measure of productivity in the banking industry. This ratio is calculated to measure the cost of generating one dollar of revenue. That is, the ratio is designed to reflect the percentage of one dollar which must be expended to generate that dollar of revenue. The Company calculates this ratio by dividing noninterest expense by the sum of net interest income on a fully tax equivalent basis and noninterest income. Merger and conversion expenses and debt prepayment penalties contributed approximately 277 basis points and 6 basis points, respectively, to the efficiency ratio for the first nine months of 2017. Merger and conversion expenses and debt prepayment penalties contributed approximately 120 basis points and 76 basis points, respectively, to the efficiency ratio for first nine months of 2016. We remain committed to aggressively managing our costs within the framework of our business model. We expect the efficiency ratio to continue to improve from currently reported levels as a result of revenue growth while at the same time controlling noninterest expenses.
Income Taxes
Income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 was $37,447 and $33,386, respectively. The effective tax rates for those periods were 33.10% and 33.16%, respectively. Although taxable income has continued to increase, the decreased effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to the same period in 2016 is the result of the excess tax benefit realized from the exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock.
Risk Management
The management of risk is an on-going process. Primary risks that are associated with the Company include credit, interest rate and liquidity risk. Credit risk and interest rate risk are discussed below, while liquidity risk is discussed in the next subsection under the heading “Liquidity and Capital Resources.”
Credit Risk and Allowance for Loan Losses
Inherent in any lending activity is credit risk, that is, the risk of loss should a borrower default. Credit risk is monitored and managed on an ongoing basis by a credit administration department, senior loan committee, a loss management committee and the Board of Directors loan committee. Credit quality, adherence to policies and loss mitigation are major concerns of credit administration and these committees. The Company’s central appraisal review department reviews and approves third-party appraisals obtained
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by the Company on real estate collateral and monitors loan maturities to ensure updated appraisals are obtained. This department is managed by a State Certified General Real Estate Appraiser and employs two additional State Certified General Real Estate Appraisers, one Appraisal Intern and four real estate evaluators.
We have a number of documented loan policies and procedures that set forth the approval and monitoring process of the lending function. Adherence to these policies and procedures is monitored by management and the Board of Directors. A number of committees and an underwriting staff oversee the lending operations of the Company. These include in-house loan and loss management committees and the Board of Directors loan committee. In addition, we maintain a loan review staff to independently monitor loan quality and lending practices. Loan review personnel monitor and, if necessary, adjust the grades assigned to loans through periodic examination, focusing their review on commercial and real estate loans rather than consumer and small balance consumer mortgage loans, such as 1-4 family mortgage loans.
In compliance with loan policy, the lending staff is given lending limits based on their knowledge and experience. In addition, each lending officer’s prior performance is evaluated for credit quality and compliance as a tool for establishing and enhancing lending limits. Before funds are advanced on consumer and commercial loans below certain dollar thresholds, loans are reviewed and scored using centralized underwriting methodologies. Loan quality, or “risk-rating,” grades are assigned based upon certain factors, which include the scoring of the loans. This information is used to assist management in monitoring credit quality. Loan requests of amounts greater than an officer’s lending limits are reviewed by senior credit officers, in-house loan committees or the loan committee of the Board of Directors.
For commercial and commercial real estate secured loans, risk-rating grades are assigned by lending, credit administration or loan review personnel, based on an analysis of the financial and collateral strength and other credit attributes underlying each loan. Loan grades range from 1 to 9, with 1 being loans with the least credit risk. Allowance factors established by management are applied to the total balance of loans in each grade to determine the amount needed in the allowance for loan losses. The allowance factors are established based on historical loss ratios experienced by the Company for these loan types, as well as the credit quality criteria underlying each grade, adjusted for trends and expectations about losses inherent in our existing portfolios. In making these adjustments to the allowance factors, management takes into consideration factors which it believes are causing, or are likely in the future to cause, losses within our loan portfolio but that may not be fully reflected in our historical loss ratios. For portfolio balances of consumer, small balance consumer mortgage loans, such as 1-4 family mortgage loans, and certain other similar loan types, allowance factors are determined based on historical loss ratios by portfolio for the preceding eight quarters and may be adjusted by other qualitative criteria.
The loss management committee and the Board of Directors’ loan committee monitor loans that are past due or those that have been downgraded and placed on the Company’s internal watch list due to a decline in the collateral value or cash flow of the debtor; the committees then adjust loan grades accordingly. This information is used to assist management in monitoring credit quality. In addition, the Company’s portfolio management committee monitors and identifies risks within the Company’s loan portfolio by focusing its efforts on reviewing and analyzing loans which are not on the Company’s internal watch list. The portfolio management committee monitors loans in portfolios or regions that management believes could be stressed or experiencing credit deterioration.
A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal and interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Impairment is measured on a loan-by-loan basis for problem loans of $500 or greater by, as applicable, the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s obtainable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. For real estate collateral, the fair market value of the collateral is based upon a recent appraisal by a qualified and licensed appraiser of the underlying collateral. When the ultimate collectability of a loan’s principal is in doubt, wholly or partially, the loan is placed on nonaccrual.
After all collection efforts have failed, collateral securing loans may be repossessed and sold or, for loans secured by real estate, foreclosure proceedings initiated. The collateral is sold at public auction for fair market value (based upon recent appraisals described in the above paragraph), with fees associated with the foreclosure being deducted from the sales price. The purchase price is applied to the outstanding loan balance. If the loan balance is greater than the sales proceeds, the deficient balance is sent to the Board of Directors’ loan committee for charge-off approval. These charge-offs reduce the allowance for loan losses. Charge-offs reflect the realization of losses in the portfolio that were recognized previously through the provision for loan losses.
Net charge-offs for the third quarter of 2017 were $1,768, or 0.10% of average loans (annualized), compared to net charge-offs of $824, or 0.05% of average loans (annualized), for the same period in 2016. The levels of net charge-offs relative to the size of our loan portfolio continue to represent the lowest levels of charge-offs since the 2008-2009 recession. These metrics are due in
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part to the pace of the economic recovery, declining unemployment levels, improved labor participation rate, improved performance in the housing market, and the Company's continued efforts to bring problem credits to resolution.
The allowance for loan losses is available to absorb probable credit losses inherent in the entire loan portfolio. The appropriate level of the allowance is based on an ongoing analysis of the loan portfolio and represents an amount that management deems adequate to provide for inherent losses, including collective impairment as recognized under the Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic (“ASC”) 450, “Contingencies.” Collective impairment is calculated based on loans grouped by grade. Another component of the allowance is losses on loans assessed as impaired under ASC 310, “Receivables.” The balance of these loans and their related allowance is included in management’s estimation and analysis of the allowance for loan losses. Other considerations in establishing the allowance for loan losses include economic conditions reflected within industry segments, the unemployment rate in our markets, loan segmentation and historical losses that are inherent in the loan portfolio. The allowance for loan losses is established after input from management, loan review and the loss management committee. An evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance is calculated quarterly based on the types of loans, an analysis of credit losses and risk in the portfolio, economic conditions and trends within each of these factors. In addition, on a regular basis, management and the Board of Directors review loan ratios. These ratios include the allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans, net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans, the provision for loan losses as a percentage of average loans, nonperforming loans as a percentage of total loans and the allowance coverage on nonperforming loans. Also, management reviews past due ratios by officer, community bank and the Company as a whole.
The following table presents the allocation of the allowance for loan losses by loan category as of the dates presented:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016 |  | September 30, 2016
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 5,193 |  |  | $ | 5,486 |  |  | $ | 5,454 |
Lease financing | 556 |  |  | 196 |  |  | 208 |
Real estate – construction | 2,808 |  |  | 2,380 |  |  | 2,223 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 12,113 |  |  | 14,294 |  |  | 15,412 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 22,610 |  |  | 19,059 |  |  | 21,288 |
Installment loans to individuals | 1,251 |  |  | 1,322 |  |  | 1,339 |
Total | $ | 44,531 |  |  | $ | 42,737 |  |  | $ | 45,924 |

For impaired loans, specific reserves are established to adjust the carrying value of the loan to its estimated net realizable value. The following table quantifies the amount of the specific reserves component of the allowance for loan losses and the amount of the allowance determined by applying allowance factors to graded loans as of the dates presented:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016 |  | September 30, 2016
Specific reserves for impaired loans | $ | 2,928 |  |  | $ | 4,141 |  |  | $ | 8,899 |
Allocated reserves for remaining portfolio | 39,678 |  |  | 35,776 |  |  | 33,607 |
Purchased with deteriorated credit quality | 1,925 |  |  | 2,820 |  |  | $ | 3,418 |
Total | $ | 44,531 |  |  | $ | 42,737 |  |  | $ | 45,924 |

The provision for loan losses charged to operating expense is an amount which, in the judgment of management, is necessary to maintain the allowance for loan losses at a level that is believed to be adequate to meet the inherent risks of losses in our loan portfolio. Factors considered by management in determining the amount of the provision for loan losses include the internal risk rating of individual credits, historical and current trends in net charge-offs, trends in nonperforming loans, trends in past due loans, trends in the market values of underlying collateral securing loans and the current economic conditions in the markets in which we operate. The provision for loan losses was $5,400 and $5,880 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The consistent amounts of provisioning period over period reflects improving credit quality trends offset by providing for significant loan growth. For purchased loans, the provision is calculated based on evidence a loan has deteriorated from performance expectations established in conjunction with the determination of its "Day 1 Fair Value" (which equals the outstanding customer balance of a purchased loan on the acquisition date less any credit and/or yield discount applied against the purchased loan) or since our most recent review of such portfolio's performance. Purchased loans will either (1) exceed the performance expectations established in determining the Day 1 Fair Values, resulting in a reversal of any previous provision for such loans, or (2) deteriorate from the performance expectations established in determining the Day 1 Fair Values, resulting in partial or full
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charge-offs of the carrying value of such purchased loans. If a purchased loan continues to exceed expectations subsequent to the reversal of previously established provision, then an adjustment to accretable yield is warranted, which has a positive impact on interest income.
A majority of the loans purchased in the Company’s FDIC-assisted acquisitions and certain loans purchased and not covered under the Company's FDIC loss-share agreements (prior to the termination of such agreements in December 2016) are accounted for under ASC 310-30, “Loans and Debt Securities Purchased with Deteriorated Credit Quality” (“ASC 310-30”), and are carried at values which, in management’s opinion, reflect the estimated future cash flows, based on the facts and circumstances surrounding each respective loan at the date of acquisition. As of September 30, 2017, the fair value of loans accounted for in accordance with ASC 310-30 was $244,879. The Company continually monitors these loans as part of our normal credit review and monitoring procedures for changes in the estimated future cash flows; to the extent future cash flows deteriorate below initial projections, the Company may be required to reserve for these loans in the allowance for loan losses through future provision for loan losses. Of the entire allowance for loan losses as of September 30, 2017 and 2016, $1,925 and $3,418, respectively, is allocated to loans accounted for under ASC 310-30.
The table below reflects the activity in the allowance for loan losses for the periods presented:

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 44,149 |  |  | $ | 44,098 |  |  | $ | 42,737 |  |  | $ | 42,437 |
Charge-offs |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural | 974 |  |  | 394 |  |  | 2,110 |  |  | 1,099 |
Lease financing | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Real estate – construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 575 |  |  | 242 |  |  | 1,401 |  |  | 745 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 543 |  |  | 466 |  |  | 1,204 |  |  | 1,653 |
Installment loans to individuals | 124 |  |  | 201 |  |  | 513 |  |  | 573 |
Total charge-offs | 2,216 |  |  | 1,303 |  |  | 5,228 |  |  | 4,070 |
Recoveries |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial, agricultural | 137 |  |  | 85 |  |  | 258 |  |  | 243 |
Lease financing | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Real estate – construction | 67 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 101 |  |  | 15 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 145 |  |  | 188 |  |  | 291 |  |  | 753 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage | 72 |  |  | 181 |  |  | 884 |  |  | 582 |
Installment loans to individuals | 27 |  |  | 21 |  |  | 88 |  |  | 84 |
Total recoveries | 448 |  |  | 479 |  |  | 1,622 |  |  | 1,677 |
Net charge-offs | 1,768 |  |  | 824 |  |  | 3,606 |  |  | 2,393 |
Provision for loan losses | 2,150 |  |  | 2,650 |  |  | 5,400 |  |  | 5,880 |
Balance at end of period | $ | 44,531 |  |  | $ | 45,924 |  |  | $ | 44,531 |  |  | $ | 45,924 |
Net charge-offs (annualized) to average loans | 0.10 | % |  | 0.05 | % |  | 0.07 | % |  | 0.06 | %
Allowance for loan losses to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total non purchased loans | 0.84 | % |  | 1.01 | % |  | 0.84 | % |  | 1.01 | %
Nonperforming non purchased loans | 335.70 | % |  | 310.95 | % |  | 335.70 | % |  | 310.95 | %

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The following table provides further details of the Company’s net charge-offs (recoveries) of loans secured by real estate for the periods presented:

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Real estate – construction: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential | $ | (67 | ) |  | $ | (4 | ) |  | $ | (101 | ) |  | $ | (13 | )
Condominiums | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2 | )
Total real estate – construction | (67 | ) |  | (4 | ) |  | (101 | ) |  | (15 | )
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Primary | 338 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 851 |  |  | 104 |
Home equity | 119 |  |  | 62 |  |  | 208 |  |  | 113 |
Rental/investment | (12 | ) |  | 3 |  |  | 68 |  |  | 137 |
Land development | (15 | ) |  | (15 | ) |  | (17 | ) |  | (362 | )
Total real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 430 |  |  | 54 |  |  | 1,110 |  |  | (8 | )
Real estate – commercial mortgage: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Owner-occupied | 319 |  |  | 115 |  |  | 399 |  |  | 343 |
Non-owner occupied | 141 |  |  | 80 |  |  | 211 |  |  | 325 |
Land development | 11 |  |  | 90 |  |  | (290 | ) |  | 403 |
Total real estate – commercial mortgage | 471 |  |  | 285 |  |  | 320 |  |  | 1,071 |
Total net charge-offs of loans secured by real estate | $ | 834 |  |  | $ | 335 |  |  | $ | 1,329 |  |  | $ | 1,048 |

Nonperforming Assets
Nonperforming assets consist of nonperforming loans, other real estate owned and nonaccruing investment securities. Nonperforming loans are those on which the accrual of interest has stopped or loans which are contractually 90 days past due on which interest continues to accrue. Generally, the accrual of interest is discontinued when the full collection of principal or interest is in doubt or when the payment of principal or interest has been contractually 90 days past due, unless the obligation is both well secured and in the process of collection. Management, the loss management committee and our loan review staff closely monitor loans that are considered to be nonperforming.
Investment securities may be transferred to nonaccrual status where the recognition of investment interest is discontinued. A number of qualitative factors, including but not limited to the financial condition of the underlying issuer and current and projected deferrals or defaults, are considered by management in the determination of whether an investment security should be transferred to nonaccrual status. The interest on these nonaccrual investment securities is accounted for on the cash-basis method until qualifying for return to accrual status. As discussed above in the “Investments” section under the “Financial Condition” heading, there were no nonaccruing investment securities available-for-sale held in our portfolio at September 30, 2017, while at December 31, 2016 one of the Company’s investments in pooled trust preferred securities was on nonaccrual status. This security was sold during the third quarter of 2017. For more information about the Company’s trust preferred securities, see Note 3, “Securities,” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company in Item 1, “Financial Statements,” in this report.
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The following table provides details of the Company’s non purchased and purchased nonperforming assets as of the dates presented. The nonperforming assets that were covered under FDIC loss-share agreements at the time of termination are included in the “Purchased” column as of December 31, 2016.

| Non Purchased |  | Purchased |  | Total
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |
Nonaccruing loans | $ | 9,970 |  |  | $ | 4,868 |  |  | $ | 14,838 |
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more | 3,295 |  |  | 7,349 |  |  | 10,644 |
Total nonperforming loans | 13,265 |  |  | 12,217 |  |  | 25,482 |
Other real estate owned | 4,524 |  |  | 13,296 |  |  | 17,820 |
Total nonperforming loans and OREO | 17,789 |  |  | 25,513 |  |  | 43,302 |
Total nonperforming assets | $ | 17,789 |  |  | $ | 25,513 |  |  | $ | 43,302 |
Nonperforming loans to total loans |  |  |  |  | 0.34 | %
Nonperforming assets to total assets |  |  |  |  | 0.42 | %
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |
Nonaccruing loans | $ | 11,273 |  |  | $ | 11,347 |  |  | $ | 22,620 |
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more | 2,079 |  |  | 10,815 |  |  | 12,894 |
Total nonperforming loans | 13,352 |  |  | 22,162 |  |  | 35,514 |
Other real estate owned | 5,929 |  |  | 17,370 |  |  | 23,299 |
Total nonperforming loans and OREO | 19,281 |  |  | 39,532 |  |  | 58,813 |
Nonaccruing securities available-for-sale, at fair value | 9,646 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,646 |
Total nonperforming assets | $ | 28,927 |  |  | $ | 39,532 |  |  | $ | 68,459 |
Nonperforming loans to total loans |  |  |  |  | 0.57 | %
Nonperforming assets to total assets |  |  |  |  | 0.79 | %

The Company experienced improving credit quality metrics during the first nine months of 2017. The level of nonperforming loans decreased $10,032 from December 31, 2016 while OREO decreased $5,479 during the same period. As of September 30, 2017, the acquisition of Metropolitan added nonperforming loans of $230 and OREO of $1,175. As discussed above, at September 30, 2017, the Company had no investment securities on nonaccrual status as compared to $9,646 at December 31, 2016.
The following table presents nonperforming loans by loan category as of the dates presented:
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| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016 |  | September 30, 2016
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | 3,464 |  |  | $ | 3,709 |  |  | $ | 3,428 |
Real estate – construction: |  |  |  |  |
Residential | — |  |  | 466 |  |  | 707 |
Total real estate – construction | — |  |  | 466 |  |  | 707 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage: |  |  |  |  |
Primary | 6,006 |  |  | 6,179 |  |  | 8,722 |
Home equity | 2,031 |  |  | 2,777 |  |  | 1,342 |
Rental/investment | 1,734 |  |  | 2,292 |  |  | 2,446 |
Land development | 994 |  |  | 1,656 |  |  | 2,550 |
Total real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 10,765 |  |  | 12,904 |  |  | 15,060 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage: |  |  |  |  |
Owner-occupied | 6,732 |  |  | 8,282 |  |  | 10,287 |
Non-owner occupied | 3,001 |  |  | 6,821 |  |  | 9,161 |
Land development | 1,082 |  |  | 2,757 |  |  | 2,632 |
Total real estate – commercial mortgage | 10,815 |  |  | 17,860 |  |  | 22,080 |
Installment loans to individuals | 273 |  |  | 575 |  |  | 290 |
Lease financing | 165 |  |  | — |  |  | 342 |
Total nonperforming loans | $ | 25,482 |  |  | $ | 35,514 |  |  | $ | 41,907 |

The decrease in the level of nonperforming loans from December 31, 2016 is a reflection of the Company's continued strategy to aggressively manage problem loans and assets. The Company continues its efforts to bring problem credits to resolution. Total nonperforming loans as a percentage of total loans were 0.34% as of September 30, 2017 as compared to 0.57% as of December 31, 2016 and 0.69% as of September 30, 2016. The Company’s coverage ratio, or its allowance for loan losses as a percentage of nonperforming loans, was 174.75% as of September 30, 2017 as compared to 120.34% as of December 31, 2016 and 109.59% as of September 30, 2016. The coverage ratio for non purchased, nonperforming loans was 335.70% as of September 30, 2017 as compared to 320.08% as of December 31, 2016 and 310.95% as of September 30, 2016.
Management has evaluated the aforementioned loans and other loans classified as nonperforming and believes that all nonperforming loans have been adequately reserved for in the allowance for loan losses at September 30, 2017. Management also continually monitors past due loans for potential credit quality deterioration. Total loans 30-89 days past due were $20,452 at September 30, 2017 as compared to $19,858 at December 31, 2016 and $22,380 at September 30, 2016. The acquisition of Metropolitan added $570 of purchased loans 30-89 days past due at September 30, 2017.
Another category of assets which contribute to our credit risk is restructured loans. Restructured loans are those for which concessions have been granted to the borrower due to a deterioration of the borrower’s financial condition and are performing in accordance with the new terms. Such concessions may include reduction in interest rates or deferral of interest or principal payments. In evaluating whether to restructure a loan, management analyzes the long-term financial condition of the borrower, including guarantor and collateral support, to determine whether the proposed concessions will increase the likelihood of repayment of principal and interest. Restructured loans that are not performing in accordance with their restructured terms that are either contractually 90 days past due or placed on nonaccrual status are reported as nonperforming loans.
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The following table shows the principal amounts of nonperforming and restructured loans as of the dates presented. All loans where information exists about possible credit problems that would cause us to have serious doubts about the borrower’s ability to comply with the current repayment terms of the loan have been reflected in the table below.

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016 |  | September 30, 2016
Nonaccruing loans | $ | 14,838 |  |  | $ | 22,620 |  |  | $ | 26,187 |
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more | 10,644 |  |  | 12,894 |  |  | 15,721 |
Total nonperforming loans | 25,482 |  |  | 35,514 |  |  | 41,908 |
Restructured loans in compliance with modified terms | 13,963 |  |  | 11,475 |  |  | 10,720 |
Total nonperforming and restructured loans | $ | 39,445 |  |  | $ | 46,989 |  |  | $ | 52,628 |

As shown above, restructured loans totaled $13,963 at September 30, 2017 compared to $11,475 at December 31, 2016 and $10,720 at September 30, 2016. At September 30, 2017, loans restructured through interest rate concessions represented 27% of total restructured loans, while loans restructured by a concession in payment terms represented the remainder. The following table provides further details of the Company’s restructured loans in compliance with their modified terms as of the dates presented:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016 |  | September 30, 2016
Commercial, financial, agricultural | $ | — |  |  | $ | 17 |  |  | $ | 244 |
Real estate – construction: |  |  |  |  |
Residential | — |  |  | 518 |  |  | 510 |
Total real estate – construction | — |  |  | 518 |  |  | 510 |
Real estate – 1-4 family mortgage: |  |  |  |  |
Primary | 6,026 |  |  | 5,060 |  |  | 4,542 |
Home equity | 286 |  |  | 246 |  |  | 250 |
Rental/investment | 2,304 |  |  | 868 |  |  | 744 |
Land development | 4 |  |  | 12 |  |  | 10 |
Total real estate – 1-4 family mortgage | 8,620 |  |  | 6,186 |  |  | 5,546 |
Real estate – commercial mortgage: |  |  |  |  |
Owner-occupied | 3,324 |  |  | 2,496 |  |  | 2,406 |
Non-owner occupied | 1,503 |  |  | 1,589 |  |  | 1,439 |
Land development | 448 |  |  | 603 |  |  | 508 |
Total real estate – commercial mortgage | 5,275 |  |  | 4,688 |  |  | 4,353 |
Installment loans to individuals | 68 |  |  | 66 |  |  | 67 |
Total restructured loans in compliance with modified terms | $ | 13,963 |  |  | $ | 11,475 |  |  | $ | 10,720 |

Changes in the Company’s restructured loans are set forth in the table below:
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| 2017 |  | 2016
Balance at January 1, | $ | 11,475 |  |  | $ | 13,453 |
Additional loans with concessions | 6,147 |  |  | 2,926 |
Reclassified as performing | 589 |  |  | — |
Reductions due to: |  |  |
Reclassified as nonperforming | (1,349 | ) |  | (1,336 | )
Paid in full | (1,092 | ) |  | (3,304 | )
Charge-offs | (267 | ) |  | (32 | )
Transfer to other real estate owned | — |  |  | (51 | )
Paydowns | (516 | ) |  | (936 | )
Lapse of concession period | (1,024 | ) |  | — |
Balance at September 30, | $ | 13,963 |  |  | $ | 10,720 |

Other real estate owned consists of properties acquired through foreclosure or acceptance of a deed in lieu of foreclosure. These properties are carried at the lower of cost or fair market value based on appraised value less estimated selling costs. Losses arising at the time of foreclosure of properties are charged against the allowance for loan losses. Reductions in the carrying value subsequent to acquisition are charged to earnings and are included in “Other real estate owned” in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Other real estate owned with a cost basis of $10,736 was sold during the nine months ended September 30, 2017, resulting in a net gain of $488, while other real estate owned with a cost basis of $11,475 was sold during the nine months ended September 30, 2016, resulting in a net loss of $435.
The following table provides details of the Company’s other real estate owned as of the dates presented:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016 |  | September 30, 2016
Residential real estate | $ | 2,627 |  |  | $ | 2,929 |  |  | $ | 3,028 |
Commercial real estate | 6,953 |  |  | 8,081 |  |  | 8,412 |
Residential land development | 2,062 |  |  | 4,032 |  |  | 4,140 |
Commercial land development | 6,178 |  |  | 8,257 |  |  | 10,748 |
Total other real estate owned | $ | 17,820 |  |  | $ | 23,299 |  |  | $ | 26,328 |

Changes in the Company’s other real estate owned were as follows:

| 2017 |  | 2016
Balance at January 1, | $ | 23,299 |  |  | $ | 35,402 |
Acquired OREO | 1,203 |  |  | — |
Transfers of loans | 5,418 |  |  | 5,147 |
Impairments | (1,454 | ) |  | (2,427 | )
Dispositions | (10,736 | ) |  | (11,475 | )
Other | 90 |  |  | (319 | )
Balance at September 30, | $ | 17,820 |  |  | $ | 26,328 |

Interest Rate Risk
Market risk is the risk of loss from adverse changes in market prices and rates. The majority of assets and liabilities of a financial institution are monetary in nature and therefore differ greatly from most commercial and industrial companies that have significant investments in fixed assets and inventories. Our market risk arises primarily from interest rate risk inherent in lending and deposit-taking activities. Management believes a significant impact on the Company’s financial results stems from our ability to react to changes in interest rates. To that end, management actively monitors and manages our interest rate risk exposure.
We have an Asset/Liability Committee (“ALCO”) which is authorized by the Board of Directors to monitor our interest rate sensitivity and to make decisions relating to that process. The ALCO’s goal is to structure our asset/liability composition to maximize
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net interest income while managing interest rate risk so as to minimize the adverse impact of changes in interest rates on net interest income and capital. Profitability is affected by fluctuations in interest rates. A sudden and substantial change in interest rates may adversely impact our earnings because the interest rates borne by assets and liabilities do not change at the same speed, to the same extent or on the same basis.
We utilize an asset/liability model as the primary quantitative tool in measuring the amount of interest rate risk associated with changing market rates. The model is used to perform both net interest income forecast simulations for multiple year horizons, and economic value of equity (“EVE”) analyses, under various interest rate scenarios.
Net interest income simulations measure the short and medium-term earnings exposure from changes in market interest rates in a rigorous and explicit fashion. Our current financial position is combined with assumptions regarding future business to calculate net interest income under varying hypothetical rate scenarios. EVE measures our long-term earnings exposure from changes in market rates of interest. EVE is defined as the present value of assets minus the present value of liabilities at a point in time for a given set of market rate assumptions. An increase in EVE due to a specified rate change indicates an improvement in the long-term earnings capacity of the balance sheet assuming that the rate change remains in effect over the life of the current balance sheet.
The following table presents the projected impact of a change in interest rates on (1) static EVE and (2) earnings at risk (that is, net interest income) for the 1-12 and 13-24 month periods commencing October 1, 2017, in each case as compared to the result under rates present in the market on September 30, 2017. The changes in interest rates assume an instantaneous and parallel shift in the yield curve and does not take into account changes in the slope of the yield curve.

|  | Percentage Change In:
Immediate Change in Rates of: |  | Economic Value Equity (EVE) |  | Earning at Risk (EAR) (Net Interest Income)
| Static |  | 1-12 Months |  | 13-24 Months
+400 |  | 17.93% |  | 10.25% |  | 18.77%
+300 |  | 13.56% |  | 8.17% |  | 14.98%
+200 |  | 7.68% |  | 5.82% |  | 10.63%
+100 |  | 3.71% |  | 3.25% |  | 5.91%
-100 |  | (9.09)% |  | (8.56)% |  | (12.08)%

The rate shock results for the net interest income simulations for the next twenty-four months produce a slightly asset sensitive position at September 30, 2017. The Company's interest rate risk strategy is to remain in an asset sensitive position with a focus on increasing variable rate loan production and generating deposits that are less sensitive to increases in interest rates.
The preceding measures assume no change in the size or asset/liability compositions of the balance sheet. The measures do not reflect future actions the ALCO may undertake in response to such changes in interest rates. The above results of the interest rate shock analysis are within the parameters set by the Board of Directors. The scenarios assume instantaneous movements in interest rates in increments of plus 100, 200, 300 and 400 basis points and minus 100 basis points. As interest rates are adjusted over a period of time, it is our strategy to proactively change the volume and mix of our balance sheet in order to mitigate our interest rate risk. The computation of the prospective effects of hypothetical interest rate changes requires numerous assumptions regarding characteristics of new business and the behavior of existing positions. These business assumptions are based upon our experience, business plans and published industry experience. Key assumptions employed in the model include asset prepayment speeds, competitive factors, the relative price sensitivity of certain assets and liabilities and the expected life of non-maturity deposits. Because these assumptions are inherently uncertain, actual results will differ from simulated results.
The Company utilizes derivative financial instruments, including interest rate contracts such as swaps, caps and/or floors, forward commitments, and interest rate lock commitments, as part of its ongoing efforts to mitigate its interest rate risk exposure. For more information about the Company’s derivative financial instruments, see the “Off-Balance Sheet Transactions” section below and Note 12, “Derivative Instruments,” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company in Item 1, Financial Statements.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity management is the ability to meet the cash flow requirements of customers who may be either depositors wishing to withdraw funds or borrowers needing assurance that sufficient funds will be available to meet their credit needs. Management
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continually monitors the Bank's liquidity and non-core dependency ratios to ensure compliance with targets established by the Asset/Liability Management Committee.
Core deposits, which are deposits excluding time deposits and public fund deposits, are a major source of funds used by Renasant Bank to meet cash flow needs. Maintaining the ability to acquire these funds as needed in a variety of markets is the key to assuring Renasant Bank’s liquidity.
Our investment portfolio is another alternative for meeting liquidity needs. These assets generally have readily available markets that offer conversions to cash as needed. Within the next twelve months the securities portfolio is forecasted to generate cash flow through principal payments and maturities equal to approximately 14.20% of the carrying value of the total securities portfolio. Securities within our investment portfolio are also used to secure certain deposit types and short-term borrowings. At September 30, 2017, securities with a carrying value of $486,533 were pledged to secure public fund deposits and as collateral for short-term borrowings and derivative instruments as compared to securities with a carrying value of $666,873 similarly pledged at December 31, 2016.
Other sources available for meeting liquidity needs include federal funds purchased and short-term and long-term advances from the FHLB. Interest is charged at the prevailing market rate on federal funds purchased and FHLB advances. There were short-term borrowings from the FHLB in the amount of $375,000 at September 30, 2017 compared to $100,000 at December 31, 2016. Long-term funds obtained from the FHLB are used primarily to match-fund fixed rate loans in order to minimize interest rate risk and also are used to meet day to day liquidity needs, particularly when the cost of such borrowing compares favorably to the rates that we would be required to pay to attract deposits. At September 30, 2017, the balance of our outstanding long-term advances with the FHLB was $7,760. The total amount of the remaining credit available to us from the FHLB at September 30, 2017 was $2,205,612. We also maintain lines of credit with other commercial banks totaling $80,000. These are unsecured lines of credit with the majority maturing at various times within the next twelve months. There were no amounts outstanding under these lines of credit at September 30, 2017 or December 31, 2016.
In the third quarter of 2016, the Company issued and sold $60,000 aggregate principal amount of its 5.00% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes due 2026 and $40,000 aggregate principal amount of its 5.50% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes due 2031. As part of the Metropolitan acquisition, the Company assumed $15,000 aggregate principal amount of 6.50% fixed-to-floating rate subordinated notes due July 1, 2026. The carrying value of the subordinated notes, net of unamortized debt issuance costs, was $114,088 at September 30, 2017.
The following table presents, by type, the Company’s funding sources, which consist of total average deposits and borrowed funds, and the total cost of each funding source for the periods presented:

| Percentage of Total Average Deposits and Borrowed Funds |  | Cost of Funds
| Nine Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Noninterest-bearing demand | 21.36 | % |  | 20.08 | % |  | — | % |  | — | %
Interest-bearing demand | 45.33 |  |  | 42.78 |  |  | 0.24 |  |  | 0.19 |
Savings | 7.23 |  |  | 7.29 |  |  | 0.07 |  |  | 0.07 |
Time deposits | 21.43 |  |  | 22.01 |  |  | 0.84 |  |  | 0.72 |
Short-term borrowings | 2.11 |  |  | 5.68 |  |  | 1.08 |  |  | 0.47 |
Long-term Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 0.10 |  |  | 0.63 |  |  | 3.43 |  |  | 4.05 |
Subordinated notes | 1.32 |  |  | 0.20 |  |  | 5.64 |  |  | 5.45 |
Other borrowed funds | 1.12 |  |  | 1.33 |  |  | 5.06 |  |  | 5.54 |
Total deposits and borrowed funds | 100.00 | % |  | 100.00 | % |  | 0.45 | % |  | 0.38 | %

Our strategy in choosing funds is focused on minimizing cost in the context of our balance sheet composition and interest rate risk position. Accordingly, management targets growth of non-interest bearing deposits. While we do not control the types of deposit instruments our clients choose, we do influence those choices with the rates and the deposit specials we offer. We constantly monitor our funds position and evaluate the effect that various funding sources have on our financial position.
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Cash and cash equivalents were $332,200 at September 30, 2017 compared to $217,391 at September 30, 2016. Cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 was $225,501 compared to $240,085 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. Proceeds from the sale, maturity or call of securities within our investment portfolio were $196,296 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 compared to $230,565 for the same period in 2016. These proceeds were reinvested into the investment portfolio or used to fund loan growth. Purchases of investment securities were $191,679 for the first nine months of 2017 compared to $92,887 for the same period in 2016.
Cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 was $199,080 and $121,167, respectively. Deposits increased $119,318 and $248,411 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Cash provided through deposit growth was primarily used to fund loan growth.
Restrictions on Bank Dividends, Loans and Advances
The Company’s liquidity and capital resources, as well as its ability to pay dividends to its shareholders, are substantially dependent on the ability of Renasant Bank to transfer funds to the Company in the form of dividends, loans and advances. Under Mississippi law, a Mississippi bank may not pay dividends unless its earned surplus is in excess of three times capital stock. A Mississippi bank with earned surplus in excess of three times capital stock may pay a dividend, subject to the approval of the Mississippi Department of Banking and Consumer Finance. Accordingly, the approval of this supervisory authority is required prior to Renasant Bank paying dividends to the Company.
Federal Reserve regulations also limit the amount Renasant Bank may loan to the Company unless such loans are collateralized by specific obligations. At September 30, 2017, the maximum amount available for transfer from Renasant Bank to the Company in the form of loans was $99,012. The Company maintains a line of credit collateralized by cash with Renasant Bank totaling $3,045. There were no amounts outstanding under this line of credit at September 30, 2017. These restrictions did not have any impact on the Company’s ability to meet its cash obligations in the nine months ended September 30, 2017, nor does management expect such restrictions to materially impact the Company’s ability to meet its currently-anticipated cash obligations.
Off-Balance Sheet Transactions
The Company enters into loan commitments and standby letters of credit in the normal course of its business. Loan commitments are made to accommodate the financial needs of the Company’s customers. Standby letters of credit commit the Company to make payments on behalf of customers when certain specified future events occur. Both arrangements have credit risk essentially the same as that involved in extending loans to customers and are subject to the Company’s normal credit policies. Collateral (e.g., securities, receivables, inventory, equipment, etc.) is obtained based on management’s credit assessment of the customer.
Loan commitments and standby letters of credit do not necessarily represent future cash requirements of the Company in that while the borrower has the ability to draw upon these commitments at any time, these commitments often expire without being drawn upon. The Company’s unfunded loan commitments and standby letters of credit outstanding were as follows as of the dates presented:

| September 30, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Loan commitments | $ | 1,600,771 |  |  | $ | 1,263,059 |
Standby letters of credit | 55,404 |  |  | 44,086 |

The Company closely monitors the amount of remaining future commitments to borrowers in light of prevailing economic conditions and adjusts these commitments as necessary. The Company will continue this process as new commitments are entered into or existing commitments are renewed.
The Company utilizes derivative financial instruments, including interest rate contracts such as swaps, caps and/or floors, as part of its ongoing efforts to mitigate its interest rate risk exposure and to facilitate the needs of its customers. The Company enters into derivative instruments that are not designated as hedging instruments to help its commercial customers manage their exposure to interest rate fluctuations. To mitigate the interest rate risk associated with these customer contracts, the Company enters into an offsetting derivative contract position with other financial institutions. The Company manages its credit risk, or potential risk of default by its commercial customers, through credit limit approval and monitoring procedures. At September 30, 2017, the Company had notional amounts of $219,914 on interest rate contracts with corporate customers and $219,914 in offsetting interest rate contracts with other financial institutions to mitigate the Company’s rate exposure on its corporate customers’ contracts.
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Additionally, the Company enters into interest rate lock commitments with its customers to mitigate the interest rate risk associated with the commitments to fund fixed-rate residential mortgage loans and also enters into forward commitments to sell residential mortgage loans to secondary market investors.
The Company has also entered into forward interest rate swap contracts on FHLB borrowings, as well as interest rate swap agreements on junior subordinated debentures that are all accounted for as cash flow hedges. Under each of these contracts, the Company will pay a fixed rate of interest and will receive a variable rate of interest based on the three-month LIBOR plus a predetermined spread.
For more information about the Company’s off-balance sheet transactions, see Note 12, “Derivative Instruments,” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company in Item 1, Financial Statements.
Shareholders’ Equity and Regulatory Matters
Total shareholders’ equity of the Company was $1,511,826 at September 30, 2017 compared to $1,232,883 at December 31, 2016. Book value per share was $30.65 and $27.81 at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The growth in shareholders’ equity was attributable to the Metropolitan acquisition, earnings retention and changes in accumulated other comprehensive income offset by dividends declared.
On September 15, 2015, the Company filed a shelf registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The shelf registration statement, which was automatically effective upon filing, allows the Company to raise capital from time to time through the sale of common stock, preferred stock, depositary shares, debt securities, rights, warrants and units, or a combination thereof, subject to market conditions. Specific terms and prices will be determined at the time of any offering under a separate prospectus supplement that the Company will file with the SEC at the time of the specific offering. The proceeds of the sale of securities, if and when offered, will be used for general corporate purposes or as otherwise described in the prospectus supplement applicable to the offering and could include the expansion of the Company’s banking, insurance and wealth management operations as well as other business opportunities.
The Company has junior subordinated debentures with a carrying value of $85,744 at September 30, 2017, of which $82,866 are included in the Company’s Tier 1 capital. The Federal Reserve Board issued guidance in March 2005 providing more strict quantitative limits on the amount of securities that, similar to our junior subordinated debentures, are includable in Tier 1 capital, but these guidelines did not impact the amount of debentures we include in Tier 1 capital. Although our existing junior subordinated debentures are unaffected, on account of changes enacted as part of the Dodd-Frank Act, any trust preferred securities issued after May 19, 2010 may not be included in Tier 1 capital.
The Company has subordinated notes with a carrying value of $114,088 at September 30, 2017. These notes are included in the Company's Tier 2 capital.
The Federal Reserve, the FDIC and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency have issued guidelines governing the levels of capital that banks must maintain. Those guidelines specify capital tiers, which include the following classifications:

Capital Tiers | Tier 1 Capital to Average Assets (Leverage) |  | Common Equity Tier 1 to Risk - Weighted Assets |  | Tier 1 Capital to Risk – Weighted Assets |  | Total Capital to Risk – Weighted Assets
Well capitalized | 5% or above |  | 6.5% or above |  | 8% or above |  | 10% or above
Adequately capitalized | 4% or above |  | 4.5% or above |  | 6% or above |  | 8% or above
Undercapitalized | Less than 4% |  | Less than 4.5% |  | Less than 6% |  | Less than 8%
Significantly undercapitalized | Less than 3% |  | Less than 3% |  | Less than 4% |  | Less than 6%
Critically undercapitalized | Tangible Equity / Total Assets less than 2%

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The following table provides the capital and risk-based capital and leverage ratios for the Company and for Renasant Bank as of the dates presented:

| Actual |  | Minimum Capital Requirement to be Well Capitalized |  | Minimum Capital Requirement to be Adequately Capitalized (including the phase-in of the Capital Conservation Buffer)
| Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Renasant Corporation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Risk-based capital ratios: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common equity tier 1 capital ratio | $ | 887,234 |  |  | 11.21 | % |  | $ | 514,261 |  |  | 6.50 | % |  | $ | 454,923 |  |  | 5.75 | %
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio | 970,005 |  |  | 12.26 | % |  | 632,937 |  |  | 8.00 | % |  | 573,599 |  |  | 7.25 | %
Total risk-based capital ratio | 1,131,605 |  |  | 14.30 | % |  | 791,171 |  |  | 10.00 | % |  | 731,833 |  |  | 9.25 | %
Leverage capital ratios: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tier 1 leverage ratio | 970,005 |  |  | 10.05 | % |  | 482,424 |  |  | 5.00 | % |  | 385,939 |  |  | 4.00 | %
Renasant Bank: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Risk-based capital ratios: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common equity tier 1 capital ratio | $ | 990,117 |  |  | 12.54 | % |  | $ | 513,199 |  |  | 6.50 | % |  | $ | 453,984 |  |  | 5.75 | %
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio | 990,117 |  |  | 12.54 | % |  | 631,630 |  |  | 8.00 | % |  | 572,415 |  |  | 7.25 | %
Total risk-based capital ratio | 1,038,473 |  |  | 13.15 | % |  | 789,537 |  |  | 10.00 | % |  | 730,322 |  |  | 9.25 | %
Leverage capital ratios: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tier 1 leverage ratio | 990,117 |  |  | 10.28 | % |  | 481,665 |  |  | 5.00 | % |  | 385,332 |  |  | 4.00 | %
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Renasant Corporation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Risk-based capital ratios: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common equity tier 1 capital ratio | $ | 766,560 |  |  | 11.47 | % |  | $ | 434,267 |  |  | 6.50 | % |  | $ | 342,403 |  |  | 5.125 | %
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio | 858,850 |  |  | 12.86 | % |  | 534,483 |  |  | 8.00 | % |  | 442,619 |  |  | 6.625 | %
Total risk-based capital ratio | 1,004,038 |  |  | 15.03 | % |  | 668,103 |  |  | 10.00 | % |  | 576,239 |  |  | 8.625 | %
Leverage capital ratios: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tier 1 leverage ratio | 858,850 |  |  | 10.59 | % |  | 405,441 |  |  | 5.00 | % |  | 324,353 |  |  | 4.00 | %
Renasant Bank: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Risk-based capital ratios: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common equity tier 1 capital ratio | $ | 824,850 |  |  | 12.38 | % |  | $ | 433,105 |  |  | 6.50 | % |  | $ | 341,487 |  |  | 5.125 | %
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio | 824,850 |  |  | 12.38 | % |  | 533,052 |  |  | 8.00 | % |  | 441,434 |  |  | 6.625 | %
Total risk-based capital ratio | 871,911 |  |  | 13.09 | % |  | 666,315 |  |  | 10.00 | % |  | 574,697 |  |  | 8.625 | %
Leverage capital ratios: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tier 1 leverage ratio | 824,850 |  |  | 10.20 | % |  | 404,442 |  |  | 5.00 | % |  | 323,554 |  |  | 4.00 | %

In July 2013, the Federal Reserve, the FDIC and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency approved the implementation of the Basel III regulatory capital reforms and issued rules effecting certain changes required by the Dodd-Frank Act (the “Basel III Rules”) that call for broad and comprehensive revision of regulatory capital standards for U.S. banking organizations. Generally, the Basel III Rules became effective on January 1, 2015, although parts of the Basel III Rules will be phased in through 2019.
The Basel III Rules implemented a new common equity Tier 1 minimum capital requirement (“CET1”) and a higher minimum Tier 1 capital requirement, as reflected in the table above, and adjusted other items affecting the calculation of the numerator of a banking organization’s risk-based capital ratios. The new CET1 capital ratio includes common equity as defined under GAAP and does not include any other type of non-common equity under GAAP. Additionally, the Basel III Rules apply limits to a banking organization’s capital distributions and certain discretionary bonus payments if the banking organization does not hold a specified amount of CET1 capital in addition to the amount necessary to meet its minimum risk-based capital requirements.
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Further, the Basel III Rules changed the agencies’ general risk-based capital requirements for determining risk-weighted assets, which affect the calculation of the denominator of a banking organization’s risk-based capital ratios. The Basel III Rules have revised the agencies’ rules for calculating risk-weighted assets to enhance risk sensitivity and to incorporate certain international capital standards of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision set forth in the standardized approach of the “International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards: A Revised Framework”.
The calculation of risk-weighted assets in the denominator of the Basel III capital ratios has been adjusted to reflect the higher risk nature of certain types of loans. Specifically, as applicable to the Company and Renasant Bank:
— Residential mortgages: Replaced the former 50% risk weight for performing residential first-lien mortgages and a 100% risk-weight for all other mortgages with a risk weight of between 35% and 200% determined by the mortgage’s loan-to-value ratio and whether the mortgage falls into one of two categories based on eight criteria that include the term, use of negative amortization and balloon payments, certain rate increases and documented and verified borrower income.
— Commercial mortgages: Replaced the former 100% risk weight with a 150% risk weight for certain high volatility commercial real estate acquisition, development and construction loans.
— Nonperforming loans: Replaced the former 100% risk weight with a 150% risk weight for loans, other than residential mortgages, that are 90 days past due or on nonaccrual status.
The Basel III Rules also introduce a new capital conservation buffer designed to absorb losses during periods of economic stress. The capital conservation buffer is composed entirely of CET1, on top of these minimum risk-weighted asset ratios. In addition, the Basel III Rules provide for a countercyclical capital buffer applicable only to certain covered institutions. It is not expected that the countercyclical capital buffer will be applicable to the Company or Renasant Bank. Banking institutions with a ratio of CET1 to risk-weighted assets above the minimum but below the capital conservation buffer (or below the combined capital conservation buffer and countercyclical capital buffer, when the latter is applied) will face constraints on dividends, equity repurchases and compensation based on the amount of the shortfall. The implementation of the capital conservation buffer began on January 1, 2016 at the 0.625% level and will be phased in over a 4-year period (increasing by that amount on each subsequent January 1, until it reaches 2.5% on January 1, 2019).
Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
There have been no material changes in our market risk since December 31, 2016. For additional information regarding our market risk, see our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2016.
Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Based on their evaluation as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) are effective for ensuring that information the Company is required to disclose in reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company's management, including its Principal Executive and Principal Financial Officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter covered by this quarterly report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
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Part II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1A. RISK FACTORS
Information regarding risk factors appears in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2016. There have been no material changes in the risk factors disclosed in the Annual Report on Form 10-K/A.
Item 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
None.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The Company did not repurchase any shares of its outstanding stock during the three month period ended September 30, 2017.
Please refer to the information discussing restrictions on the Company’s ability to pay dividends under the heading “Liquidity and Capital Resources” in Part I, Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” of this report, which is incorporated by reference herein.
Item 6. EXHIBITS
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Exhibit Number |  | Description
(2)(i) |  | Agreement and Plan of Merger by and among Renasant Corporation, Renasant Bank, First M&F Corporation and Merchants and Farmers Bank dated as of February 6, 2013(1)
(2)(ii) |  | Agreement and Plan of Merger by and among Renasant Corporation, Renasant Bank, Heritage Financial Group, Inc. and HeritageBank of the South (2)
(2)(iii) |  | Agreement and Plan of Merger by and among Renasant Corporation, Renasant Bank and KeyWorth Bank dated as of October 20, 2015 (3)
(2)(iv) |  | Agreement and Plan of Merger by and among Renasant Corporation, Renasant Bank, Metropolitan BancGroup, Inc. and Metropolitan Bank dated as of January 17, 2017 (4)
(3)(i) |  | Articles of Incorporation of Renasant Corporation, as amended (5)
(3)(ii) |  | Restated Bylaws of Renasant Corporation, as amended (6)
(4)(i) |  | Articles of Incorporation of Renasant Corporation, as amended (5)
(4)(ii) |  | Restated Bylaws of Renasant Corporation, as amended (6)
(10)(i) |  | Executive Employment Agreement dated July 1, 2017 between Renasant Bank and Curtis J. Gabardi (7)
(12)(i) |  | Computation of Ratios of Earnings to Fixed Charges
(31)(i) |  | Certification of the Principal Executive Officer, as required pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
(31)(ii) |  | Certification of the Principal Financial Officer, as required pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
(32)(i) |  | Certification of the Principal Executive Officer, as required pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
(32)(ii) |  | Certification of the Principal Financial Officer, as required pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
(101) |  | The following materials from Renasant Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2017 were formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (v) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

(1) | Filed as exhibit 2.1 to the Form 8-K of the Company filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 11, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.

(2) | Filed as exhibit 2.1 to the Form 8-K of the Company filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 15, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.

(3) | Filed as exhibit 2.1 to the Form 8-K of the Company filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 23, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference.

(4) | Filed as exhibit 2.1 to the Form 8-K of the Company filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 19, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.

(5) | Filed as exhibit 3.1 to the Form 10-Q of the Company filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 10, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.

(6) | Filed as exhibit 3.2 to the Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form S-4 Registration Statement of the Company (File No. 333-208753) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 29, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.

(7) | Filed as exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K of the Company filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 7, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.

The Company does not have any long-term debt instruments under which securities are authorized exceeding ten percent of the total assets of the Company and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. The Company will furnish to the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon its request, a copy of all long-term debt instruments.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

|  | RENASANT CORPORATION
|  | (Registrant)
Date: | November 9, 2017 | /s/ E. Robinson McGraw
|  | E. Robinson McGraw
|  | Chairman of the Board, Director,
|  | and Chief Executive Officer
|  | (Principal Executive Officer)
Date: | November 9, 2017 | /s/ Kevin D. Chapman
|  | Kevin D. Chapman
|  | Executive Vice President and
|  | Chief Financial Officer
|  | (Principal Financial Officer)

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EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit Number |  | Description
(12)(i) |  | Computation of Ratios of Earnings to Fixed Charges.
(31)(i) |  | Certification of the Principal Executive Officer, as required pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
(31)(ii) |  | Certification of the Principal Financial Officer, as required pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
(32)(i) |  | Certification of the Principal Executive Officer, as required pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
(32)(ii) |  | Certification of the Principal Financial Officer, as required pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
(101) |  | The following materials from Renasant Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2017 were formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (v) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

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