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Pension and Other Post-retirement Benefits (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Schedule of Changes in Benefit Obligations and Plan Assets
The following table presents the changes in benefit obligations and plan assets for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 and the funded status and weighted-average assumptions used to determine the benefit obligation at the measurement date (dollars in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
20232022
Pension BenefitsOther BenefitsTotalPension BenefitsOther BenefitsTotal
Projected benefit obligation:
BALANCE at the beginning of the period$611.5 $11.6 $623.1 $827.9 $15.6 $843.5 
Interest cost30.6 0.6 31.2 22.0 0.4 22.4 
Actuarial loss (gain)6.1 (0.4)5.7 (191.0)(3.8)(194.8)
Plan settlements— — — (1.4)— (1.4)
Benefits paid(41.7)(0.8)(42.5)(46.0)(0.6)(46.6)
BALANCE at the end of the period$606.5 $11.0 $617.5 $611.5 $11.6 $623.1 
Plan assets
Fair value, at the beginning of the period$458.5 $— $458.5 $634.6 $— $634.6 
Actual return48.5 — 48.5 (132.2)— (132.2)
Employer contributions5.9 — 5.9 3.5 — 3.5 
Plan settlements— — — (1.4)— (1.4)
Benefits paid(41.7)— (41.7)(46.0)— (46.0)
Fair value, at the end of the period$471.2 $— $471.2 $458.5 $— $458.5 
Net benefit liabilities$135.3 $11.0 $146.3 $153.0 $11.6 $164.6 
Amounts recognized in Consolidated Balance Sheet:
 Accrued liabilities$(3.6)$(1.1)$(4.7)$(3.7)$(1.1)$(4.8)
Other liabilities (long-term)(131.7)(9.9)(141.6)(149.3)(10.5)(159.8)
Net benefit liabilities$(135.3)$(11.0)$(146.3)$(153.0)$(11.6)$(164.6)
Accumulated contributions less than net periodic benefit cost$(152.9)$(18.9)$(171.8)$(159.8)$(19.5)$(179.3)
Amounts not yet reflected in net periodic benefit cost:
Actuarial loss17.8 7.9 25.7 7.0 7.9 14.9 
Prior service cost(0.2)— (0.2)(0.2)— (0.2)
Total accumulated other comprehensive income
$17.6 $7.9 $25.5 $6.8 $7.9 $14.7 
Net benefit liabilities$(135.3)$(11.0)$(146.3)$(153.0)$(11.6)$(164.6)
Weighted-average assumptions:
Discount rate4.97 %5.00 %5.21 %5.30 %
Cash balance interest credit rate3.26 %N/A3.23 %N/A
Schedule of Accumulated and Projected Benefit Obligations
The accumulated benefit obligation, which is presented below for all plans in the aggregate at December 31, 2023 and 2022, is based on services rendered to date, but exclude the effect of future salary increases (in millions):
20232022
Accumulated benefit obligation$617.5 $623.1 
Schedule of Net Periodic Pension Costs and Weighted Average Assumptions
The components of net periodic pension, retiree medical income and the weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic pension and retiree medical income were as follows (dollars in millions):
SuccessorPredecessor
Year Ended December 31, 2023Year Ended December 31, 2022Eight Months Ended December 31, 2021Four Months Ended April 30, 2021
Interest cost
$31.2 $22.4 $15.6 $6.6 
Expected return on plan assets
(31.4)(38.3)(24.7)(12.1)
Amortization of net (gain) loss
(0.7)(0.1)— 0.1 
Settlement (gain) loss recognized (1)
— (0.4)0.4 — 
Net periodic pension and retiree medical income (2)
$(0.9)$(16.4)$(8.7)$(5.4)
Discount rate5.21 %2.73 %2.84 %2.30 %
Expected return on assets7.10 %6.26 %6.03 %6.03 %
Cash balance interest credit rate3.23 %3.05 %2.94 %2.94 %

(1)    Settlement accounting is necessary when actual lump sums paid during a fiscal year exceed the sum of the service cost and interest cost for the year. During the year ended December 31, 2022 and eight months ended December 31, 2021 (Successor), the settlement threshold was reached for certain of our pension plans and we recognized a corresponding settlement (gain) loss in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(2) All components of Net periodic pension and retiree medical income are included in Other, net, in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Schedule of Allocation of Plan Assets
Target allocations among asset categories and the fair value of each category of plan assets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, are presented below. The plans will reallocate assets in accordance with the allocation targets, after giving consideration to the expected level of cash required to pay current benefits and plan expenses (dollars in millions):
December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Target range (1)
TotalTotal
Equities:
U.S. equity:
23.9% to 33.9%
   U.S. large cap$105.5 $99.4 
   U.S. small/mid cap28.7 25.4 
Global Low Volatility Equity
3.4% to 13.4%
38.5 38.0 
Non-U.S. equity:
19.7% to 29.7%
International all cap51.3 50.7 
International small cap23.1 22.4 
Emerging markets39.3 39.7 
Real estate equities
3% to 13%
40.4 49.0 
Fixed income:
25% to 35%
Long-term corporate bonds
46.6 45.3 
U.S. Treasury STRIPS93.0 83.7 
Cash and equivalents
$0 - $5.0
4.8 4.9 
Total$471.2 $458.5 
(1)Our investment policy only sets allocation target ranges for general asset classes and not specific investment types.
Schedule of Expected Benefit Payments
Estimated future annual benefit payments from plan assets are presented below. Such amounts are based on existing benefit formulas and include the effect of future service (in millions):
Pension BenefitsOther Post-Retirement Benefits
Year ended December 31,
2024$42.4 $1.2 
202541.2 1.0 
202640.7 0.9 
202740.4 0.9 
202840.1 0.8 
2029 through 2033193.0 3.7