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Share Based Compensation
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Share Based Compensation SHARE BASED COMPENSATION
Valaris Limited adopted the MIP as of April 30, 2021 and authorized and reserved 9.0 million Common Shares for issuance pursuant to equity incentive awards to be granted under the MIP, which may be in the form of incentive stock options, nonstatutory stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, dividend equivalents and cash awards or any combination thereof. As of December 31, 2024, there were 6.9 million shares available for issuance under the MIP.

Time-Based Share Awards

Under the Company's MIP, time-based restricted stock unit awards have been granted to certain employees and senior officers which generally vest ratably over a three-year period from the date of grant. The grant-date fair value per share for these time-based restricted stock awards is equal to the closing price of the Company's stock on the grant date. For senior officers, delivery of the shares underlying certain vested restricted stock unit awards is deferred until the third anniversary of the date of grant.

Non-employee directors received a one-time grant of time-based restricted awards in 2021, which vested ratably over a three-year period from the date of grant. Additionally, non-employee directors receive an annual grant of time-based restricted awards which vest in full on the earlier of the first anniversary of the grant date or the next annual meeting of shareholders following the grant. Non-employee directors are permitted to elect to receive deferred share awards which can be settled and delivered on the six-month anniversary following the termination of the director's service or a specific pre-determined date.

Our time-based share awards do not have voting or participating rights as the dividend equivalent provided for in the award agreement is forfeitable (except in certain limited circumstances) and further our debt agreements limit our ability to pay dividends and none have been declared. Compensation expense for share awards is measured at fair value on the date of grant and recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period (usually the vesting period). Our compensation cost is reduced for forfeited awards in the period in which the forfeitures occur.
Compensation expense for our time-based share awards is allocated to Contract drilling expense and General and administrative expense within our Consolidated Statement of Operations based on the award holder's employment function. The following table summarizes time-based share award compensation expense and the related income tax benefit recognized (in millions):
Years Ended December 31,
202420232022
Contract drilling$8.8 $6.8 $3.9 
General and administrative8.7 9.0 6.8 
17.5 15.8 10.7 
Tax benefit(1.1)(1.6)(0.9)
Total $16.4 $14.2 $9.8 

As of December 31, 2024, there was $24.7 million of total estimated unrecognized compensation cost related to time-based share awards, which has a weighted-average remaining vesting period of 1.4 years.

The following table summarizes the value of time-based share awards granted and vested:
Years Ended December 31,
202420232022
Weighted-average grant date fair value of share awards granted during the period (per share)
$69.89 $63.22 $45.39 
Total fair value of share awards vested during the period (in millions)
$30.0 $25.2 $12.8 

The following table summarizes time-based share awards activity for the year ended December 31, 2024 (shares in thousands):
Share Awards
AwardsWeighted-Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Share awards as of December 31, 2023
758 $45.29 
Granted312 $69.89 
Vested
(408)$39.88 
Forfeited(65)$56.66 
Share awards as of December 31, 2024
597 $60.58 

Performance Awards

Under the Company's MIP, performance awards may be issued to our senior officers. Performance awards generally vest at the end of a three-year measurement period based on attainment of performance goals.
The performance awards granted in 2021 and 2022 were based on three performance goals and subject to achievement of those performance goals based on (a) designated share price hurdles whereby our closing stock price must equal or exceed certain market price targets for ninety consecutive trading days (the "Share Price Objective"); (b) relative return on capital employed ("ROCE") as compared to a specified peer group, all as defined in the award agreements (the "ROCE Objective"), and (c) specified strategic goals as established by the Compensation Committee of the board of directors (the "Strategic Goal Objective" and together with the ROCE Objective, the "Performance-Based Objectives"). These awards were paid in equity during 2024 following a three-year performance period and were subject to attainment of such objectives ranging from 0% to 150% of target performance under such objectives.

The performance awards granted in 2023 and 2024 include awards which are subject to the achievement of goals based on our absolute total shareholder return and our total shareholder return relative to a specified peer group (the "TSR Objectives" and together with the Share Price Objective, the "Market-Based Objectives"). These awards are payable in equity at a range from 0% to 200% of target performance following three-year performance periods. Also, in 2023, incremental awards based on the Strategic Goal Objective were granted.

The estimated probable outcome of attainment of the specified performance goals is based primarily on relative performance over the requisite performance period. Any subsequent changes in this estimate as it relates to the Performance-Based Objectives are recognized as a cumulative adjustment to compensation cost in the period in which the change in estimate occurs. Compensation cost for the Market-Based Objectives is recognized as long as the requisite service period is completed and will not be reversed even if the Market-Based Objectives are never satisfied. Compensation expense for performance awards is recognized over the requisite service period using the accelerated method and is reduced for forfeited awards in the period in which the forfeitures occur.

The fair value of the performance awards is measured on the date of grant. The grant-date fair value per unit for the portion of the performance awards related to Performance-Based Objectives was equal to the closing price of the Company's stock on the grant date. The portion of these awards that were based on the Company's achievement of Market-based Objectives were valued at the date of grant using a Monte Carlo simulation with the following weighted average assumptions for the grants made in the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022:

Years Ended December 31,
202420232022
Expected price volatility49 %60 %61 %
Expected dividend yield— — — 
Risk-free interest rate4.31 %4.32 %3.49 %

The expected price volatility assumption is estimated using market data for certain peer companies during periods in which our own trading history is limited. As our trading history increases, it will bear greater weight in determining our expected price volatility assumption.

The weighted average grant-date fair value of performance awards granted during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $63.05, $62.09 and $38.08, respectively.
The following table summarizes the performance award activity for the year ended December 31, 2024 (shares in thousands):

Awards(2)
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Price(2)
Balance as of December 31, 2023
894 $27.49 
Granted - Market-Based Objectives(1)
173 $63.05 
Vested - Market-Based Objectives
(557)$17.72 
Vested - Performance-Based Objectives
(234)$38.54 
Total Vested
(791)$23.88 
Forfeited - Performance-Based Objectives
(5)$71.63 
Balance as of December 31, 2024
271 $61.69 

(1)The number of awards granted reflects the shares that would be granted if the target level of performance were to be achieved. The number of shares actually issued after considering forfeitures may range from zero to 381,000.

During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, we recognized $10.6 million, $11.7 million and $6.7 million of compensation expense for performance awards, respectively, which was included in General and administrative expense in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
As of December 31, 2024, there was $9.2 million of total estimated unrecognized compensation cost related to performance awards, which has a weighted-average remaining vesting period of 1.8 years.