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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2023
or
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number: 001-36373

TRINET GROUP, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Delaware |  | 95-3359658
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
One Park Place, | Suite 600 |  |
Dublin, | CA |  | 94568
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (510) 352-5000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock par value $0.000025 per share | TNET | New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | x | Accelerated filer | o
Non-accelerated filer | o | Smaller reporting company | ☐
|  | Emerging growth company | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. Yes o No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No x
The number of shares of Registrant’s Common Stock outstanding as of July 19, 2023 was 59,681,266.

TABLE OF CONTENTS |

TRINET GROUP, INC.
Form 10-Q - Quarterly Report
For the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2023
TABLE OF CONTENTS

| Form 10-Q Cross Reference | Page
Glossary |  | 3
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements |  | 6
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | Part I, Item 1. | 30
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income |  | 30
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets |  | 31
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity |  | 32
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows |  | 33
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements |  | 34
Note 1. Description of Business and Significant Accounting Policies |  | 34
Note 2. Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments - Unrestricted and Restricted |  | 37
Note 3. Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements |  | 37
Note 4. Accrued Workers' Compensation Costs |  | 39
Note 5. Long-term Debt and Revolving Credit Agreements |  | 40
Note 6. Commitments and Contingencies |  | 41
Note 7. Stock Based Compensation |  | 41
Note 8. Stockholders' Equity |  | 42
Note 9. Income Taxes |  | 43
Note 10. Earnings Per Share |  | 43
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | Part I, Item 2. | 8
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | Part I, Item 3. | 28
Controls and Procedures | Part I, Item 4. | 29
Legal Proceedings | Part II, Item 1. | 44
Risk Factors | Part II, Item 1A. | 44
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | Part II, Item 2. | 44
Defaults Upon Senior Securities | Part II, Item 3. | 44
Mine Safety Disclosures | Part II, Item 4. | 44
Other Information | Part II, Item 5. | 44
Exhibits | Part II, Item 6. | 45

TRINET | 2 | 2023 Q2 FORM 10-Q

GLOSSARY | Table of Contents

Glossary of Acronyms and Abbreviations
Acronyms and abbreviations are used throughout this report, particularly in Part I, Item 1. Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Part I, Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

TRINET | 3 | 2023 Q2 FORM 10-Q

GLOSSARY | Table of Contents

2021 Credits | Our announced 2021 credits, which provided eligible clients with discretionary credits, subject to certain predefined conditions.
2022 Credits | Includes both of our announced 2022 credits, each of which provides eligible clients with discretionary credits, subject to certain predefined conditions.
2021 Credit Agreement | Our credit agreement dated February 26, 2021
2021 Revolver | Our $500 million revolving line of credit included in our 2021 Credit Agreement
2029 Notes | Our $500 million senior unsecured notes maturing in March 2029
AFS | Available-for-sale
CARES Act | Coronavirus Aid Relief and Economic Security Act
CEO | Chief Executive Officer
CFO | Chief Financial Officer
Clarus R+D | Clarus R+D Solutions, LLC
COBRA | Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act
Colleague | TriNet’s internal employees (as distinguished from WSEs and HRIS Users)
COPS | Cost of providing services
COVID-19 | Novel coronavirus
D&A | Depreciation and amortization expenses
EBITDA | Earnings before interest expense, taxes, depreciation and amortization of intangible assets
EPS | Earnings Per Share
ERISA | Employee Retirement Income Security Act
ESAC | Employer Services Assurance Corporation
ETR | Effective tax rate
FFCRA | Families First Coronavirus Response Act
G&A | General and administrative
GAAP | Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States
HCM | Human capital management
HR | Human Resources
HRIS | Human resources information system
HRIS User | A client employee who is not co-employed by a TriNet PEO (for example, employees of a TriNet Zenefits client)
IRS | Internal Revenue Service
ICR | Insurance cost ratio
ISR | Insurance service revenues
LIBOR | London Inter-bank Offered Rate
MD&A | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
OE | Operating expenses
PEO | Professional Employer Organization
PFC | Payroll funds collected
PPP | Paycheck Protection Program, a loan program administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration
PSR | Professional service revenues
R+D | Research and Development
Recovery Credit | Our 2020 Recovery Credit to provide eligible clients with one-time reductions against fees for future services
Recovery Credits | Collectively, our Recovery Credit, 2021 Credits, and 2022 Credits
Reg FD | Regulation Fair Disclosure
ROU | Right-of-use
RSA | Restricted Stock Award
RSU | Restricted Stock Unit
SBC | Stock Based Compensation
S&M | Sales and marketing
S&P | Standard & Poor's

TRINET | 4 | 2023 Q2 FORM 10-Q

GLOSSARY | Table of Contents

SD&P | Systems development and programming
SEC | U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
SMB | Small and medium-size business
U.S. | United States
WSE | A worksite employee who is co-employed by a TriNet PEO
YTD | Year to date
Zenefits | YourPeople, Inc. (dba Zenefits) and its subsidiaries

TRINET | 5 | 2023 Q2 FORM 10-Q

FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION | Table of Contents

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
For purposes of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Form 10-Q), the terms “TriNet,” “the Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to TriNet Group, Inc., and its subsidiaries. This Form 10-Q contains statements that are not historical in nature, are predictive in nature, or that depend upon or refer to future events or conditions or otherwise contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are often identified by the use of words such as, but not limited to, "ability," “anticipate,” “believe,” “can,” “continue,” “could,” “design,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “hope,” "impact," “intend,” “may,” “outlook,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “seek,” “should,” “strategy,” “target,” "value," “will,” “would” and similar expressions or variations intended to identify forward-looking statements. Examples of forward-looking statements include, among others, TriNet’s expectations regarding: the impact of the Zenefits and Clarus R+D acquisitions on our business; our ability to successfully diversify our overall service and technology offerings to support SMBs throughout their lifecycle; our plans and ability to grow our client base; our expectations regarding medical utilization rates by our WSEs and the impact of inflation on our insurance costs; the effect that our stock repurchase and tender offer programs will have on our business; our ability to leverage our scale and industry HR experience to deliver vertical focused offerings and the impact of such offerings; planned improvements to our technology platform and HRIS software; our ability to improve operating efficiencies; the impact of our client service initiatives and whether they enhance client experience and satisfaction; our continued ability to provide access to a broad range of benefit programs on a cost-effective basis; our expectations regarding the volume and severity of insurance claims and insurance claim trends; the effectiveness of our risk strategies for, and management of, workers' compensation, health benefit insurance costs and deductibles, and EPLI risk; the metrics that may be indicators of future financial performance; the relative value of our benefit offerings versus those SMBs can independently obtain; the impact that our benefit offerings have for SMBs seeking to attract and retain employees; the principal competitive drivers in our market; the impact of our plans to improve our sales performance, grow new clients, and manage client attrition; our investment strategy and its impact on our ability to generate future interest income, net income, and Adjusted EBITDA; seasonal trends and their impact on our business; fluctuations in the period-to-period timing of when we incur certain operating expenses; the estimates and assumptions we use to prepare our financial statements; our belief that we can meet our present and reasonably foreseeable operating cash needs and future commitments through existing liquid assets and continuing cash flows from corporate operating activities; and other expectations, outlooks and forecasts on our future business, operational and financial performance.
Important factors that could cause actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements are discussed above and throughout our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 filed with the SEC on February 15, 2023 (our 2022 Form 10-K), including those appearing under the heading “Risk Factors” in Item 1A, and under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part II, Item 7 of our 2022 Form 10-K, and those appearing in the other periodic filings we make with the SEC, and including risk factors associated with: our ability to manage unexpected changes in workers’ compensation and health insurance claims and costs by worksite employees; our ability to mitigate the unique business risks we face as a co-employer; the effects of volatility in the financial and economic environment on the businesses that make up our client base; loss of clients for reasons beyond our control and the short-term contracts we typically use with our clients; the impact of regional or industry-specific economic and health factors on our operations; the impact of failures or limitations in the business systems and service centers we rely upon; the impact of our Recovery Credits on our business and client loyalty and retention; changes in our insurance coverage or our relationships with key insurance carriers; our ability to improve our services and technology to satisfy client and regulatory expectations; our ability to effectively integrate businesses we have acquired or may acquire in the future; our ability to effectively manage and improve our operational effectiveness and resiliency; our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel; the effects of increased competition and our ability to compete effectively; the impact on our business of cyber-attacks, breaches, disclosures and other data-related incidents; our ability to protect against and remediate cyber-attacks, breaches, disclosures and other data-related incidents, whether intentional or inadvertent and whether attributable to us or our service providers; our ability to comply with evolving data privacy and security laws; our ability to manage changes in, uncertainty regarding, or adverse application of the complex laws and regulations that govern our business; changing laws and regulations governing health insurance and employee benefits; our ability to be recognized as an employer of worksite employees and for our benefits plans to satisfy all requirements under federal and state regulations; changes in the laws and regulations that govern what it means to be an employer, employee or independent contractor; the impact of new and changing laws regarding remote work; our ability to comply with the licensing requirements that govern our HCM solutions; the outcome of existing and future legal and tax proceedings; fluctuation in our results of operations and stock price due to factors outside of our control; our ability to comply with the restrictions of our credit facility and meet our debt obligations; and the impact of concentrated

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FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION | Table of Contents

ownership in our stock by Atairos and other large stockholders. Any of these factors could cause our actual results to differ materially from our anticipated results.
Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance but are based on management’s expectations as of the date of this Form 10-Q and assumptions that are inherently subject to uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from our current expectations and any past results, performance or achievements. Given these risks and uncertainties, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements.
The information provided in this Form 10-Q is based upon the facts and circumstances known as of the date of this Form 10-Q, and any forward-looking statements made by us in this Form 10-Q speak only as of the date of this Form 10-Q. We undertake no obligation to revise or update any of the information provided in this Form 10-Q, except as required by law.
The MD&A of this Form 10-Q includes references to our performance measures presented in conformity with GAAP and other non-GAAP financial measures that we use to manage our business, to make planning decisions, to allocate resources and to use as performance measures in our executive compensation plans. Refer to the Non-GAAP Financial Measures within our MD&A for definitions and reconciliations from GAAP measures.
Website Disclosures
We use our website (www.trinet.com) to announce material non-public information to the public and to comply with our disclosure obligations under Regulation Fair Disclosure (Reg FD). We also use our website to communicate with the public about our Company, our services, and other matters. Our SEC filings, press releases and recent public conference calls and webcasts can also be found on our website. The information we post on our website could be deemed to be material information under Reg FD. We encourage investors and others interested in our Company to review the information we post on our website. Information contained in or accessible through our website is not a part of this report.
Our Company is the sole owner of the trademark “TriNet” and other trademarks appearing in this report. Our Company does not intend to use or display trade names or trademarks owned by others in a manner that would imply any form of association with any of those companies.

TRINET | 7 | 2023 Q2 FORM 10-Q

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS | Table of Contents

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Executive Summary
Overview
TriNet is a leading provider of comprehensive and flexible HCM solutions designed to address a wide range of SMB needs as they change over time. Our flexible HCM solutions free SMBs from HR complexities and empower SMBs to focus on what matters most - growing their business and enabling their people.
TriNet offers access to human capital expertise, benefits, payroll, risk mitigation and compliance, all enabled by industry leading technology capabilities. TriNet's suite of products also includes services and software-based solutions to help streamline workflows by connecting HR, benefits, payroll, time and attendance, and employee engagement. Clients can use our industry tailored PEO services and technology platform to receive the full benefit of our HCM services enabling their WSEs to participate in our TriNet-sponsored employee benefit plans. Clients can alternatively choose to use our self-directed, cloud-based HRIS software solution and add HR services such as payroll and access to benefits management as needed. By providing PEO and HRIS services, we believe that we can support a wider range of SMBs and create a pipeline of HRIS clients that may be able to benefit from and transition to TriNet’s higher-touch PEO services at future points in their business lifecycle.
Operational Highlights
Our consolidated results for the first half of 2023 reflect our continuing efforts to serve our clients through the current economic uncertainty and invest in our platform.
So far in 2023 we:
•continued to focus on improving customer retention and sales performance,
•grew total revenues,
•continued to invest in expanding our sales organization to drive future growth,
•utilized our scale and knowledge to assist our WSEs, PEO clients and HRIS clients during and following the liquidity challenges in regional banks ensuring that all of our SMB clients were able to successfully run payroll in the critical week following the Silicon Valley Bank failure,
•launched our new branding campaign, and
•received authorization for an incremental $1 billion increase to our stock repurchase program.

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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS | Table of Contents

Performance Highlights
Our results for the second quarter and first half of 2023, when compared to the same periods of 2022, are noted below:
Q2 2023

| $1.2B |  | $97M |  | 84%
| Total revenues |  | Operating income |  | Insurance cost ratio
| 1 | % | increase |  | (18) | % | decrease |  | — | % | flat
| $83M |  | $1.38 |  | $105M
| Net income |  | Diluted EPS |  | Adjusted Net income *
| (2) | % | decrease |  | 2 | % | increase |  | (3) | % | decrease
| 327,376 |  | 334,046 |  | 219,026
| Average WSEs |  | Total WSEs |  | Average HRIS Users
| (7) | % | decrease |  | (7) | % | decrease |  | (13) | % | decrease
* | Non-GAAP measure. See definitions below under the heading "Non-GAAP Financial Measures".

We achieved 1% revenue growth compared to the same period in 2022, reflecting our insurance and service fee rate increases, partially offset by lower volume due to decreases in Average WSEs. In addition, as part of our 2022 Credit program, we recognized a $25 million reduction in revenue in the second quarter of 2022, which did not recur in 2023.
During the second quarter of 2023, our Average WSEs and Total WSEs decreased 7% compared to the same periods in 2022 primarily due to the cumulative impact of lower hiring in our installed base during the past twelve months, which did not offset our normal attrition. This trend was partially offset by stronger new client additions and net positive hiring during the second quarter of 2023.
Our ICR was flat compared to the same period in 2022 as insurance costs grew at approximately the same rate as ISR.
Growth in our health insurance costs and operating expenses, partially offset by higher revenues and interest income, resulted in decreases of net income and Adjusted Net income of 2% and 3%, respectively, as compared to the same period in 2022.
YTD 2023

| $2.5B |  | $267M |  | 83%
| Total revenues |  | Operating income |  | Insurance cost ratio
| 2 | % | increase |  | (17) | % | decrease |  | 1 | % | increase
| $214M |  | $3.56 |  | $256M
| Net income |  | Diluted EPS |  | Adjusted Net income *
| (7) | % | decrease |  | (1) | % | decrease |  | (7) | % | decrease
| 327,242 |  | 334,046 |  | 223,155
| Average WSEs |  | Total WSEs |  | Average HRIS Users
| (6) | % | decrease |  | (7) | % | decrease |  | (12) | % | decrease
* | Non-GAAP measure. See definitions below under the heading "Non-GAAP Financial Measures".

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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS | Table of Contents

Results of Operations
The following table summarizes our results of operations for the second quarter and first half of 2023 when compared to the same periods of 2022. For details of the critical accounting judgments and estimates that could affect our Results of Operations, see the Critical Accounting Judgments and Estimates section within the MD&A in Item 7 of our 2022 Form 10-K.

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions, except operating metrics data) | 2023 | 2022 | % Change |  | 2023 | 2022 | % Change
Income Statement Data: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Professional service revenues | $ | 177 |  | $ | 182 |  | (3) | % |  | $ | 382 |  | $ | 376 |  | 2 | %
Insurance service revenues | 1,032 |  | 1,018 |  | 1 |  |  | 2,073 |  | 2,042 |  | 2 |
Total revenues | 1,209 |  | 1,200 |  | 1 |  |  | 2,455 |  | 2,418 |  | 2 |
Insurance costs | 868 |  | 852 |  | 2 |  |  | 1,720 |  | 1,675 |  | 3 |
Operating expenses | 244 |  | 229 |  | 7 |  |  | 468 |  | 420 |  | 11 |
Total costs and operating expenses | 1,112 |  | 1,081 |  | 3 |  |  | 2,188 |  | 2,095 |  | 4 |
Operating income | 97 |  | 119 |  | (18) |  |  | 267 |  | 323 |  | (17) |
Other income (expense): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense, bank fees and other | (6) |  | (5) |  | 20 |  |  | (13) |  | (11) |  | 18 |
Interest income | 20 |  | 2 |  | 900 |  |  | 38 |  | 3 |  | 1,167 |
Income before provision for income taxes | 111 |  | 116 |  | (4) |  |  | 292 |  | 315 |  | (7) |
Income taxes | 28 |  | 31 |  | (10) |  |  | 78 |  | 85 |  | (8) |
Net income | $ | 83 |  | $ | 85 |  | (2) | % |  | $ | 214 |  | $ | 230 |  | (7) | %
Cash Flow Data: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net cash provided by operating activities |  |  |  |  | 67 |  | 125 |  | (46) |
Net cash used in investing activities |  |  |  |  | (31) |  | (191) |  | (84) |
Net cash used in financing activities |  |  |  |  | (100) |  | (385) |  | (74) |
Non-GAAP measures (1): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 161 |  | 162 |  | (1) |  |  | $ | 385 |  | 404 |  | (5) |
Adjusted Net income | $ | 105 |  | 108 |  | (3) |  |  | $ | 256 |  | 276 |  | (7) |
Corporate Operating Cash Flows |  |  |  |  | 255 |  | 293 |  | (13) |
Operating Metrics: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Insurance Cost Ratio | 84 | % | 84 | % | — | % |  | 83 | % | 82 | % | 1 | %
Average WSEs | 327,376 |  | 351,366 |  | (7) | % |  | 327,242 |  | 347,306 |  | (6) | %
Total WSEs | 334,046 |  | 357,855 |  | (7) | % |  | 334,046 |  | 357,855 |  | (7) | %
Average HRIS Users (2) | 219,026 |  | 252,565 |  | (13) | % |  | 223,155 |  | 252,969 |  | (12) | %

(1) Refer to Non-GAAP measures definitions and reconciliations from GAAP measures under the heading "Non-GAAP Financial Measures".
(2) For the six months ended June 30, 2022, reflects HRIS Users from February 15, 2022, the date on which we acquired Zenefits, to the end of the period.
The following table summarizes our balance sheet data as of June 30, 2023 compared to December 31, 2022.

(in millions) | June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022 |  | % Change |
Balance Sheet Data: |  |  |  |  |  |
Working capital | $ | 470 |  |  | $ | 338 |  |  | 39 | % |
Total assets | 3,290 |  |  | 3,443 |  |  | (4) |  |
Debt | 496 |  |  | 496 |  |  | — |  |
Total stockholders’ equity | 915 |  |  | 775 |  |  | 18 |  |

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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS | Table of Contents

Non-GAAP Financial Measures
In addition to financial measures presented in accordance with GAAP, we monitor other non-GAAP financial measures that we use to manage our business, to make planning decisions, to allocate resources and to use as performance measures in our executive compensation plan. These key financial measures provide an additional view of our operational performance over the long-term and provide information that we use to maintain and grow our business.
The presentation of these non-GAAP financial measures is used to enhance the understanding of certain aspects of our financial performance. It is not meant to be considered in isolation from, superior to, or as a substitute for the directly comparable financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP.

Non-GAAP Measure | Definition | How We Use The Measure
Adjusted EBITDA | • Net income, excluding the effects of: - income tax provision, - interest expense, bank fees and other, - depreciation, - amortization of intangible assets, - stock based compensation expense, - amortization of cloud computing arrangements, and - transaction and integration costs. | • Provides period-to-period comparisons on a consistent basis and an understanding as to how our management evaluates the effectiveness of our business strategies by excluding certain non-recurring costs, which include transaction and integration costs, as well as certain non-cash charges such as depreciation and amortization, and stock-based compensation and certain impairment charges recognized based on the estimated fair values. We believe these charges are either not directly resulting from our core operations or not indicative of our ongoing operations. • Enhances comparisons to the prior period and, accordingly, facilitates the development of future projections and earnings growth prospects. • Provides a measure, among others, used in the determination of incentive compensation for management. • We also sometimes refer to Adjusted EBITDA margin, which is the ratio of Adjusted EBITDA to total revenues.
Adjusted Net Income | • Net income, excluding the effects of: - effective income tax rate (1), - stock based compensation, - amortization of intangible assets, net, - non-cash interest expense, - transaction and integration costs, and - the income tax effect (at our effective tax rate (1) of these pre-tax adjustments. | • Provides information to our stockholders and board of directors to understand how our management evaluates our business, to monitor and evaluate our operating results, and analyze profitability of our ongoing operations and trends on a consistent basis by excluding certain non-cash charges.
Corporate Operating Cash Flows | • Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities, excluding the effects of: - Assets associated with WSEs (accounts receivable, unbilled revenue, prepaid expenses and other current assets) and - Liabilities associated with WSEs (client deposits and other client liabilities, accrued wages, payroll tax liabilities and other payroll withholdings, accrued health benefit costs, accrued workers' compensation costs, insurance premiums and other payables, and other current liabilities). | • Provides information that our stockholders and management can use to evaluate our cash flows from operations independent of the current assets and liabilities associated with our WSEs. • Enhances comparisons to prior periods and, accordingly, used as a liquidity measure to manage liquidity between corporate and WSE related activities, and to help determine and plan our cash flow and capital strategies.

(1) Non-GAAP effective tax rate is 25.6% for the second quarter and full year of 2023 and 25.5% for the second quarter and full year of 2022, which excludes the income tax impact from stock-based compensation, changes in uncertain tax positions, and nonrecurring benefits or expenses from federal legislative changes.

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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS | Table of Contents

Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Measures
The table below presents a reconciliation of Net income to Adjusted EBITDA:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2023 | 2022 |  | 2023 | 2022
Net income | $ | 83 |  | $ | 85 |  |  | $ | 214 |  | $ | 230 |
Provision for income taxes | 28 |  | 31 |  |  | 78 |  | 85 |
Stock based compensation | 17 |  | 18 |  |  | 28 |  | 30 |
Interest expense, bank fees and other | 6 |  | 5 |  |  | 13 |  | 11 |
Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets | 18 |  | 16 |  |  | 36 |  | 29 |
Amortization of cloud computing arrangements | 2 |  | — |  |  | 4 |  | 2 |
Transaction and integration costs | 7 |  | 7 |  |  | 12 |  | 17 |
Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 161 |  | $ | 162 |  |  | $ | 385 |  | $ | 404 |
Adjusted EBITDA Margin | 13.3 | % | 13.5 | % |  | 15.7 | % | 16.7 | %

The table below presents a reconciliation of Net income to Adjusted Net Income:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2023 | 2022 |  | 2023 | 2022
Net income | $ | 83 |  | $ | 85 |  |  | $ | 214 |  | $ | 230 |
Effective income tax rate adjustment | — |  | — |  |  | 3 |  | 5 |
Stock based compensation | 17 |  | 18 |  |  | 28 |  | 30 |
Amortization of other intangible assets, net | 5 |  | 5 |  |  | 11 |  | 8 |
Non-cash interest expense | 1 |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  | 1 |
Transaction and integration costs | 7 |  | 7 |  |  | 12 |  | 17 |
Income tax impact of pre-tax adjustments | (8) |  | (8) |  |  | (13) |  | (15) |
Adjusted Net Income | $ | 105 |  | $ | 108 |  |  | $ | 256 |  | $ | 276 |

The table below presents a reconciliation of net cash provided by operating activities to Corporate Operating Cash Flows:

| Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2023 | 2022
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 67 |  | $ | 125 |
Less: Change in WSE related other current assets | 89 |  | 9 |
Less: Change in WSE related liabilities | (277) |  | (177) |
Net cash used in operating activities - WSE | $ | (188) |  | $ | (168) |
Net cash provided by operating activities - Corporate | $ | 255 |  | $ | 293 |

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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS | Table of Contents

Operating Metrics
Worksite Employees (WSE)
Average WSE change is a volume measure we use to monitor the performance of our business. Our clients generally change their payroll service providers at the beginning of the payroll tax and benefits enrollment year; as a result, we have historically experienced our highest volumes of new clients and terminating clients in the month of January. Client attrition, new client additions and increases in employment within our installed client base all impact our Average WSEs and Total WSEs as we move through a calendar year.
Average WSEs decreased 7% when comparing the second quarter of 2023 to the same period in 2022 primarily due to lower hiring in our installed base across most verticals during the past twelve months, especially within our Technology vertical. This trend was partially offset by stronger new client additions and net positive hiring during the second quarter of 2023.
Total WSEs can be used to estimate our beginning WSEs for the next period and, as a result, can be used as an indicator of our potential future success in generating revenue, growing our business and retaining clients. Total WSEs decreased 7% when compared to the same period in 2022, as net client attrition over the past year has outpaced new client additions and increases in employment in our installed client base over the past year.
Anticipated revenues for future periods can diverge from the revenue expectation derived from Average WSEs or Total WSEs due to pricing differences across our HR solutions and services and the degree to which clients and WSEs elect to participate in our solutions during future periods. In addition to focusing on growing our Average WSE and Total WSE counts, we also focus on pricing strategies, benefit participation and service differentiation to expand our revenue opportunities. We report the impact of client and WSE participation differences as a change in mix.
We continue to invest in efforts intended to enhance client experience, improve our new sales performance, and manage client attrition, through product development as well as operational and process improvements. In addition to focusing on retaining and growing our WSE base, we continue to review acquisition opportunities that would add appropriately to expand our product offering and to provide scale.
HRIS Users
Average HRIS Users is a volume measure we use to monitor the performance of our cloud-based HRIS services. Average HRIS Users for the second quarter and first half of 2023 was 219,026, and 223,155, respectively. Average HRIS Users for the second quarter and first half of 2022 was 252,565 and 252,969, respectively. The decrease in Average HRIS Users was primarily driven by client attrition outpacing new client additions.

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Insurance Cost Ratio (ICR)
ICR is a performance measure calculated as the ratio of insurance costs to insurance service revenues. We believe that ICR promotes an understanding of our insurance cost trends and our ability to align our relative pricing to risk performance.
We purchase workers' compensation and health benefits coverage for our colleagues and WSEs. Under the insurance policies for this coverage, we bear claims costs up to a defined deductible amount. Our insurance costs, which comprise a significant portion of our overall costs, are significantly affected by our WSEs’ health and workers' compensation insurance claims experience. We set our insurance service fees for workers’ compensation and health benefits in advance for fixed benefit periods. As a result, increases in insurance costs above our projections, reflected as a higher ICR, result in lower net income. Decreases in insurance costs below our projections, reflected as a lower ICR, result in higher net income, but can be an indicator that insurance costs are developing more slowly than our projections, which are reflected in our fees, and this can have a negative impact on client retention and new sales.
Under our fully-insured workers' compensation insurance policies, we assume the risk for losses up to $1 million per claim occurrence (deductible layer). The ultimate cost of the workers’ compensation services provided cannot be known until all the claims are settled. Our ability to predict these costs is limited by unexpected increases in frequency or severity of claims, which can vary due to changes in the cost of treatments or claim settlements.
Under our risk-based health insurance policies, we assume the risk of variability in future health claims costs for our enrollees. This variability typically results from changing trends in the volume, severity and ultimate cost of medical and pharmaceutical claims, due to changes to the components of medical cost trend, which we define as changes in participant use of services, including the introduction of new treatment options, changes in treatment guidelines and mandates, and changes in the mix, cost of providing treatment and timing of services provided to plan participants. These trends change, and other seasonal trends and variability may develop. As a result, it is difficult for us to predict our insurance costs with accuracy and a significant increase in these costs could have a material adverse effect on our business.

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2023 | 2022 |  | 2023 | 2022
Insurance costs | $ | 868 |  | $ | 852 |  |  | $ | 1,720 |  | $ | 1,675 |
Insurance service revenues | 1,032 |  | 1,018 |  |  | 2,073 |  | 2,042 |
Insurance Cost Ratio | 84 | % | 84 | % |  | 83 | % | 82 | %

ICR was approximately flat for the second quarter as insurance costs grew at approximately the same rate as ISR. ISR grew in the second quarter of 2023 as compared to the same period in 2022 due to rate increases. In addition, as part of our 2022 Credit program, we recognized a $25 million reduction in revenue in the second quarter of 2022 which did not recur in 2023. This was partially offset by lower Average WSEs compared to last year.
We continued to see early evidence of health cost increases. ICR increased for the first half of 2023 as insurance costs grew at a higher rate than ISR. Insurance costs increased for the first half of 2023 due to higher costs associated with medical services utilization, in particular outpatient services and pharmacy costs. This was partially offset by lower volume due to lower Average WSEs.
Total Revenues
Our revenues consist of PSR and ISR. PSR represents fees charged to clients for processing payroll-related transactions on behalf of our PEO and HRIS clients, access to our HR expertise, employment and benefit law compliance services, other HR-related services and fees charged to access our cloud-based HRIS services. ISR consists of insurance-related billings and administrative fees collected from clients and withheld from WSEs for workers' compensation insurance and health benefit insurance plans provided by third-party insurance carriers.

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Monthly total revenues per Average WSE is a measure we use to monitor our PEO pricing strategies. This measure increased 8% during the second quarter and first half of 2023 compared to the same periods in 2022.
We also use the following measures to further analyze changes in total revenue:
•Volume - the percentage change in period over period Average WSEs,
•Rate - the combined weighted average percentage changes in service fees for each vertical service and changes in service fees associated with each insurance service offering,
•Mix - the change in composition of Average WSEs within our verticals combined with the composition of our enrolled WSEs within our insurance service offerings and the composition of products and services our clients receive, including Clarus R+D,
•Credit - the weighted average change in amounts recognized for our previously announced 2022 Credits, and
•HRIS - incremental HRIS cloud services revenue from our acquisition of Zenefits in February 2022.

|  | PSR |  |
|  | ISR - % represents proportion of insurance service revenues to total revenues |
|  | *Total revenues generated from PEO services only |  |

The growth in total revenues for the second quarter and first half of 2023 was primarily driven by rate increases and that no reduction in revenue was recognized in 2023 related to our previously announced 2022 Credits, partially offset by lower volume from our PEO services. Lower volume was driven by lower WSEs primarily in our Technology vertical due to client attrition and lower employment in our client base.

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Operating Income
Our operating income consists of total revenues less insurance costs and OE. Our insurance costs include insurance premiums for coverage provided by insurance carriers, expenses for claims costs and risk management and administrative services, and changes in accrued costs related to contractual obligations with our workers' compensation and health benefit carriers. Our OE consists primarily of our colleagues' compensation related expenses, which includes payroll, payroll taxes, SBC, bonuses, commissions and other payroll-and benefits-related costs.
The table below provides a view of the changes in components of operating income for the second quarter and first half of 2023, as compared to the same periods in 2022.

(in millions) |
$119 |  | Second Quarter 2022 Operating Income
| +9 |  |  | Higher total revenues primarily driven by rate increases and that no reduction in revenue was recognized in 2023 related to our 2022 Credits, partially offset by lower Average WSEs.
| -16 |  |  | Higher insurance costs primarily as a result of higher health cost rates, partially offset by lower Average WSEs.
| -15 |  |  | Higher OE primarily as a result of higher compensation expenses to improve client experience, enhance service offerings, and improve processes, together with higher sales and marketing expenses to support sales.
$97 |  | Second Quarter 2023 Operating Income

(in millions) |
$323 |  | YTD 2022 Operating Income
| +37 |  |  | Higher total revenues primarily driven by rate increases and that no reduction in revenue was recognized in 2023 related to our 2022 Credits, partially offset by lower Average WSEs.
| -45 |  |  | Higher insurance costs primarily as a result of higher health cost rates, partially offset by lower Average WSEs.
| -48 |  |  | Higher OE primarily as a result of higher compensation expenses to improve client experience, enhance service offerings, and improve processes, including a full six months of supporting the HRIS product, together with higher sales and marketing expenses to support sales.
$267 |  | YTD 2023 Operating Income

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Professional Service Revenues
Our PEO and HRIS clients are primarily billed on a fee per WSE or HRIS User per month per transaction. Our vertical approach provides us the flexibility to offer our PEO clients in different industries with varied services at different prices, which we believe potentially reduces the value of solely using Average WSE and Total WSE counts as indicators of future potential revenue performance.
PSR from PEO Services customers and HRIS cloud services clients was as follows:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2023 | 2022 |  | 2023 | 2022
PEO Services | $ | 166 |  | $ | 170 |  |  | $ | 359 |  | $ | 358 |
HRIS Cloud Services | 11 |  | 12 |  |  | 23 |  | 18 |
Total | $ | 177 |  | $ | 182 |  |  | $ | 382 |  | $ | 376 |

We also analyze changes in PSR with the following measures:
•Volume - the percentage change in period over period Average WSEs,
•Rate - the weighted average percentage change in fees for each vertical,
•Mix - the change in composition of Average WSEs across our verticals and the composition of products and services our clients receive, including Clarus R+D, and
•HRIS - incremental HRIS cloud services revenue from our acquisition of Zenefits in February 2022.
The decrease in PSR for the second quarter of 2023 was primarily driven by lower WSEs, primarily in our Technology vertical due to client attrition. The decrease was partially offset by rate increases from our PEO services.

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The growth in PSR for the first half of 2023 was primarily driven by rate increases from our PEO services, as well as the higher HRIS revenue. These increases were partially offset by lower WSEs, primarily in our Technology vertical due to client attrition.
Insurance Service Revenues
ISR consists of insurance services-related billings and administrative fees collected from PEO clients and withheld from WSE payroll for health benefits and workers' compensation insurance provided by third-party insurance carriers.
We use the following measures to analyze changes in ISR:
•Volume - the percentage change in period over period Average WSEs,
•Rate - the weighted average percentage change in fees associated with each of our insurance service offerings,
•Mix - all other changes including the composition of our enrolled WSEs within our insurance service offerings (health plan enrollment), and
•Credit - the weighted average amounts recognized for our previously announced 2022 Credits.
The growth in ISR for the second quarter and first half of 2023 was primarily driven by rate increases. In addition, as part of our 2022 Credit program, we recognized a $25 million reduction in revenue in the second quarter of 2022, which did not recur in 2023. This was partially offset by lower volume due to lower Average WSEs.

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Insurance Costs
Insurance costs include insurance premiums for coverage provided by insurance carriers, expenses for claims costs and other risk management and administrative services, reimbursement of claims payments made by insurance carriers or third-party administrators below a predefined deductible limit, and changes in accrued costs related to contractual obligations with our workers' compensation and health benefit carriers.
We use the following measures to analyze changes in insurance costs:
•Volume - the percentage change in period over period Average WSEs,
•Rate - the weighted average percentage change in cost trend associated with each of our insurance service offerings, and
•Mix - all other changes including the composition of our enrolled WSEs within our insurance service offerings (health plan enrollment).
The increase in insurance costs from the second quarter and first half of 2023 was primarily driven by higher costs associated with medical services utilization, in particular outpatient services and pharmacy costs. These trends were partially offset by lower volume due to lower Average WSEs.

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Operating Expenses
OE includes cost of providing services (COPS), sales and marketing (S&M), general and administrative (G&A), systems development and programming (SD&P), and depreciation and amortization expenses (D&A).
We had approximately 3,600 corporate employees as of June 30, 2023 primarily across the U.S. but also in India and Canada following our 2022 acquisition of Zenefits. Compensation costs for our colleagues include payroll, payroll taxes, SBC, bonuses, commissions and other payroll- and benefits-related costs. Compensation-related expense represented 63% and 66% of our OE in the second quarters of 2023 and 2022 and 64% and 67% in the first half of 2023 and 2022 , respectively.
Transaction and integration costs associated with our acquisitions of Zenefits and Clarus R+D are included in G&A. These costs include advisory, legal, employee retention costs tied to ongoing employment.
During the second quarter and first half of 2023, OE increased 7% and 11%, respectively, when compared to the same periods in 2022. During the second quarter and first half of 2023, the ratio of OE to total revenues was 20% and 19%, respectively.

|  |  |  |  |  | % represents portion of compensation related expense included in operating expenses

We analyze and present our OE based upon the business functions COPS, S&M, G&A and SD&P and D&A. The charts below provide a view of the expenses of the business functions. Dollars are presented in millions and percentages represent year-over-year change.

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(in millions) |
$229 | Q2 2022 Operating Expenses
| +3 |  | COPS increased, driven primarily by higher compensation and consulting expenses to support our efforts to improve client experience.
| +8 |  | S&M increased, driven primarily by higher advertising and compensation expenses to support sales.
| +5 |  | G&A increased, driven primarily by higher technology spend, partially offset by lower compensation expenses.
| -3 |  | SD&P decreased, driven primarily by lower compensation and consulting expenses.
| +2 |  | D&A increased due to the amortization of intangible assets recognized for the Zenefits and Clarus R+D acquisitions.
| $244 | Q2 2023 Operating Expenses

(in millions) |
$420 |  | YTD 2022 Operating Expenses
| +10 |  |  | COPS increased, driven primarily by higher compensation expense to support WSEs and incremental costs related to our HRIS cloud services.
| +32 |  |  | S&M increased, driven primarily by higher advertising, broker commissions and compensation expenses to support sales.
| +1 |  |  | G&A was largely consistent with the prior year on a YTD basis.
| -2 |  |  | SD&P decreased, driven primarily by lower consulting and technology services expenses.
| +7 |  |  | D&A increased, due to the amortization of intangible assets recognized for the Zenefits and Clarus R+D acquisitions.
$468 |  | YTD 2023 Operating Expenses

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The primary spend type drivers to the changes in our OE are presented below:
Other Income (Expense)
Other income (expense) consists primarily of interest and dividend income from cash and investments and interest expense on our 3.50% Senior Notes due 2029 (our 2029 Notes) issued in February 2021 and the interest on our temporary draw-down under our 2021 Revolver.

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The growth in interest income for the second quarter and first half of 2023 was primarily driven by higher interest earned on cash deposits due to higher market interest rates in 2023. Interest expense, bank fees and other for the second quarter and first half of 2023 was higher compared to prior period due to the interest on our temporary draw-down under our 2021 Revolver following the Silicon Valley Bank failure.
Income Taxes
Our ETR was 25% and 27% for the second quarter of 2023 and 2022, respectively and 27% and 27% for the first half of 2023 and 2022, respectively. The decrease in rates for the second quarter of 2023 compared with the same period in 2022 was primarily due to increase in tax credits and an increase in tax benefits related to stock-based compensation.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity
Liquidity is a measure of our ability to access sufficient cash flows to meet the short-term and long-term cash requirements of our business operations. Our principal source of liquidity for operations is derived from cash provided by operating activities. We rely on cash provided by operating activities to meet our short-term liquidity requirements, which primarily relate to the payment of corporate payroll and other operating costs, and capital expenditures. Our cash flow related to WSE payroll and benefits is generally matched by advance collection from our clients. To minimize the credit risk associated with remitting the payroll and associated taxes and benefits costs, we require PEO clients to prefund the payroll and related payroll taxes and benefits costs.
To ensure that we maintained liquidity during the regional banking liquidity challenges, we drew down the available $495 million of capacity under our 2021 Revolver with $295 million of borrowings outstanding in March 2023, which we subsequently repaid in full in April 2023.
We believe that we can meet our present and reasonably foreseeable operating cash needs and future commitments through existing liquid assets and continuing cash flows from corporate operating activities. We hold both corporate cash and cash associated with WSEs across multiple financial institutions to reduce concentrations of counterparty risk.
Included in our balance sheets are assets and liabilities resulting from transactions directly or indirectly associated with WSEs, including payroll and related taxes and withholdings, our sponsored workers' compensation and health insurance programs, and other benefit programs. Although we are not subject to regulatory restrictions that require us to do so, we distinguish and manage our corporate assets and liabilities separately from those current assets and liabilities held by us to satisfy our employer obligations associated with our WSEs as follows:

| June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
(in millions) | Corporate | WSE | Total |  | Corporate | WSE | Total
Current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 482 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 482 |  |  | $ | 354 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 354 |
Investments | 69 |  | — |  | 69 |  |  | 76 |  | — |  | 76 |
Restricted cash, cash equivalents and investments | 21 |  | 1,053 |  | 1,074 |  |  | 22 |  | 1,241 |  | 1,263 |
Other current assets | 86 |  | 466 |  | 552 |  |  | 78 |  | 555 |  | 633 |
Total current assets | $ | 658 |  | $ | 1,519 |  | $ | 2,177 |  |  | $ | 530 |  | $ | 1,796 |  | $ | 2,326 |
Total current liabilities | $ | 188 |  | $ | 1,519 |  | $ | 1,707 |  |  | $ | 192 |  | $ | 1,796 |  | $ | 1,988 |
Working capital | $ | 470 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 470 |  |  | $ | 338 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 338 |

As of June 30, 2023, we did not have any material off-balance sheet arrangements that are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
Working capital for WSEs related activities
We designate funds to ensure that we have adequate current assets to satisfy our current obligations associated with WSEs. We manage our WSE payroll and benefits obligations through collections of payments from our clients which generally occur two to three days in advance of client payroll dates. We regularly review our short-term obligations associated with our WSEs (such as payroll and related taxes, insurance premium and claim payments) and designate funds required to fulfill these short-term obligations, which we refer to as PFC. PFC is included in current assets as restricted cash, cash equivalents and investments.
We manage our sponsored benefit and workers' compensation insurance obligations by maintaining collateral funds in restricted cash, cash equivalents and investments. These collateral amounts are generally determined at the beginning of each plan year and we may be required by our insurance carriers to adjust our collateral balances when facts and circumstances change. We regularly review our collateral balances with our insurance carriers and anticipate funding further collateral in the future based upon our capital requirements. We classify our restricted cash, cash equivalents and investments as current and noncurrent assets to match against the anticipated timing of payments to carriers.

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Working capital for corporate purposes
Corporate working capital as of June 30, 2023 increased $132 million from December 31, 2022, primarily driven by the $128 million increase in corporate unrestricted cash and cash equivalents.
We use our available cash and cash equivalents to satisfy our operational and regulatory requirements and to fund capital expenditures. We believe that we can meet our present and reasonably foreseeable operating cash needs and future commitments through existing liquid assets, continuing cash flows from corporate operating activities and the potential issuance of debt or equity securities. We believe our existing corporate cash and cash equivalents and positive working capital will be sufficient to meet our working capital expenditure needs for at least the next twelve months.
Cash Flows
The following table presents our cash flow activities for the stated periods:

| Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2023 |  | 2022
| Corporate | WSE | Total |  | Corporate | WSE | Total
Net cash provided by (used in): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating activities | $ | 255 |  | $ | (188) |  | $ | 67 |  |  | $ | 293 |  | $ | (168) |  | $ | 125 |
Investing activities | (31) |  | — |  | (31) |  |  | (184) |  | (7) |  | (191) |
Financing activities | (100) |  | — |  | (100) |  |  | (385) |  | — |  | (385) |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents, unrestricted and restricted | $ | 124 |  | $ | (188) |  | $ | (64) |  |  | $ | (276) |  | $ | (175) |  | $ | (451) |
Cash and cash equivalents, unrestricted and restricted: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning of period | $ | 406 |  | $ | 1,131 |  | $ | 1,537 |  |  | $ | 660 |  | $ | 1,078 |  | $ | 1,738 |
End of period | $ | 530 |  | $ | 943 |  | $ | 1,473 |  |  | $ | 384 |  | $ | 903 |  | $ | 1,287 |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unrestricted | $ | 127 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 127 |  |  | $ | (276) |  | $ | — |  | $ | (276) |
Restricted | $ | (3) |  | $ | (188) |  | $ | (191) |  |  | $ | — |  | $ | (175) |  | $ | (175) |

Operating Activities
Components of net cash provided by (used in) operating activities are as follows:

| Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2023 | 2022
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 67 |  | $ | 125 |
Net cash used in operating activities - WSE | (188) |  | (168) |
Net cash provided by operating activities - Corporate | 255 |  | 293 |

The year-over-year change in net cash used in operating activities for WSE purposes was primarily driven by timing of client payments, payments of payroll and payroll taxes, settlement of our previously announced Recovery Credits, and insurance claim activities. We expect the changes in restricted cash and cash equivalents to correspond to WSE cash provided by (or used in) operations as we manage our obligations associated with WSEs through restricted cash.
Our corporate operating cash flows in the first half of June 30, 2023 decreased, when compared to the same period in 2022, primarily due to the timing of our payments of corporate obligations.

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Investing Activities
Cash used in investing activities for the periods presented below primarily consisted of purchases of investments, capital expenditures and acquisition of business, partially offset by proceeds from the sale and maturity of investments.

| Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2023 | 2022
Investments: |  |
Purchases of investments | $ | (170) |  | $ | (157) |
Proceeds from sale and maturity of investments | 173 |  | 175 |
Acquisition of subsidiary | — |  | (183) |
Cash provided by (used in) investments | $ | 3 |  | $ | (165) |
Cash used in capital expenditures | $ | (34) |  | $ | (26) |
Cash used in investing activities | $ | (31) |  | $ | (191) |

Investments
We invest a portion of available cash in investment-grade securities with effective maturities less than five years that are classified on our balance sheets as investments. We consider industry and issuer concentrations in our investment policy.
We also invest funds held as collateral to satisfy our long-term obligation towards workers' compensation liabilities. These investments are classified on our balance sheets as restricted cash, cash equivalents and investments. We review the amount and the anticipated holding period of these investments regularly in conjunction with our estimated long-term workers' compensation liabilities and anticipated claims payment trend. At June 30, 2023, our investments had a weighted average duration of less than two years and an average S&P credit rating of AA.
As of June 30, 2023, we held approximately $1.9 billion in restricted and unrestricted cash, cash equivalents and investments, of which $482 million was unrestricted cash and cash equivalents and $215 million was unrestricted investments. Refer to Note 2 in the condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included in this Form 10-Q.
Capital Expenditures
During the first half of June 30, 2023 and 2022, we continued to make investments in software and hardware and we enhanced our existing service offerings and technology platform. We expect capital investments in our software and hardware to continue in the future.
We had lower cash used in investing activities in the first half of 2023 as compared the same period in 2022 primarily as our acquisition of Zenefits occurred in the first quarter of 2022.
Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities in the first half of 2023 and 2022 consisted of our debt and equity-related activities.

| Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2023 | 2022
Financing activities |  |
Repurchase of common stock, net of issuance costs | (100) |  | (385) |
Revolver drawdown | 495 |  | — |
Revolver repayment | (495) |  | — |
Cash used in financing activities | $ | (100) |  | $ | (385) |

In February 2023, our board of directors authorized a $300 million incremental increase to our ongoing stock repurchase program initiated in May 2014. In July 2023, our board of directors authorized a further $1 billion incremental increase to this stock repurchase program. We use this program to return value to our stockholders and to offset dilution from the issuance of stock under our equity-based incentive plan and employee purchase plan.
During the first half of June 30, 2023, we repurchased 1,265,889 shares of our common stock for approximately $99 million through our stock repurchase program in addition to 53,721 shares acquired to satisfy tax withholding

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obligations related to stock based compensation vesting. As of June 30, 2023, approximately $446 million remained available for repurchase under all authorizations by our board of directors. We plan to use current cash and cash generated from ongoing operating activities to fund this stock repurchase program.
In March 2023, to ensure that we maintained liquidity during the regional banking liquidity challenges, we drew down the available $495 million of capacity under our 2021 Revolver. As concerns about market liquidity subsided, we repaid $200 million in March and $295 million in April. As of June 30, 2023, we had no borrowings outstanding under the 2021 Revolver.
Capital Resources
As of June 30, 2023, $500 million aggregate principal of our 2029 Notes was outstanding. The Indenture governing the 2029 Notes includes restrictive covenants limiting our ability to: (i) create liens on certain assets to secure debt; (ii) grant subsidiary guarantees of certain debt without also providing a guarantee of the 2029 Notes; and (iii) consolidate or merge with or into, or sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets to, another person, subject, in each case, to certain customary exceptions.
Our 2021 Credit Agreement includes a $500 million revolving credit facility of which $295 million remained outstanding as of March 2023. This amount was subsequently fully repaid in April 2023. The 2021 Credit Agreement includes negative covenants that limit our ability to incur indebtedness and liens, sell assets and make restricted payments, including dividends and investments, subject to certain exceptions. In addition, the 2021 Credit Agreement also contains other customary affirmative and negative covenants and customary events of default. The 2021 Credit Agreement also contains a financial covenant that requires the Company to maintain certain maximum total net leverage ratios.
We were in compliance with all financial covenants under our 2021 Credit Agreement at June 30, 2023.
Critical Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgments
There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies, estimates and judgments as discussed in our 2022 Form 10-K.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
There have been no material changes to our recent accounting pronouncements as discussed in our 2022 Form 10-K.

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Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Our exposure to changes in interest rates relates primarily to our investment portfolio. Changes in U.S. interest rates affect the interest earned on the Company's cash, cash equivalents and the fair value of our investments.
Our cash equivalents consist primarily of money market mutual funds, which are not significantly exposed to interest rate risk. Our investments are subject to interest rate risk because these securities generally include a fixed interest rate. As a result, the market values of these securities are affected by changes in prevailing interest rates. We attempt to limit our exposure to interest rate risk and credit risk by investing in instruments that meet the minimum credit quality, liquidity, diversification and other requirements of our investment policy. Our investments consist of liquid, investment-grade securities. The risk of rate changes on investment balances was not material at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

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Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We have, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and our Chief Financial Officer (CFO), evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2023, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act.
Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2023, our CEO and CFO have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of such date in ensuring that (i) information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the CEO and CFO, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and (ii) such information is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms.
We have concluded that the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fairly present, in all material respects, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented in conformity with GAAP.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d) and 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act that occurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2023, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls and Procedures
In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and that management is required to apply judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs.

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | Table of Contents

TRINET GROUP, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions except per share data) | 2023 | 2022 |  | 2023 | 2022
Professional service revenues | $ | 177 |  | $ | 182 |  |  | $ | 382 |  | $ | 376 |
Insurance service revenues | 1,032 |  | 1,018 |  |  | 2,073 |  | 2,042 |
Total revenues | 1,209 |  | 1,200 |  |  | 2,455 |  | 2,418 |
Insurance costs | 868 |  | 852 |  |  | 1,720 |  | 1,675 |
Cost of providing services | 79 |  | 76 |  |  | 156 |  | 146 |
Sales and marketing | 70 |  | 62 |  |  | 139 |  | 107 |
General and administrative | 60 |  | 55 |  |  | 103 |  | 102 |
Systems development and programming | 17 |  | 20 |  |  | 34 |  | 36 |
Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets | 18 |  | 16 |  |  | 36 |  | 29 |
Total costs and operating expenses | 1,112 |  | 1,081 |  |  | 2,188 |  | 2,095 |
Operating income | 97 |  | 119 |  |  | 267 |  | 323 |
Other income (expense): |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense, bank fees and other | (6) |  | (5) |  |  | (13) |  | (11) |
Interest income | 20 |  | 2 |  |  | 38 |  | 3 |
Income before provision for income taxes | 111 |  | 116 |  |  | 292 |  | 315 |
Income taxes | 28 |  | 31 |  |  | 78 |  | 85 |
Net income | $ | 83 |  | $ | 85 |  |  | $ | 214 |  | $ | 230 |
Other comprehensive loss, net of income taxes | (4) |  | (3) |  |  | (1) |  | (11) |
Comprehensive income | $ | 79 |  | $ | 82 |  |  | $ | 213 |  | $ | 219 |
Net income per share: |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | 1.40 |  | $ | 1.36 |  |  | $ | 3.58 |  | $ | 3.62 |
Diluted | $ | 1.38 |  | $ | 1.35 |  |  | $ | 3.56 |  | $ | 3.58 |
Weighted average shares: |  |  |  |  |
Basic | 60 |  | 62 |  |  | 60 |  | 64 |
Diluted | 60 |  | 63 |  |  | 60 |  | 64 |

See accompanying notes.

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TRINET GROUP, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)

|  | June 30, |  | December 31,
(in millions, except share and per share data) |  | 2023 |  | 2022
ASSETS |  |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 482 |  |  | $ | 354 |
Investments |  | 69 |  |  | 76 |
Restricted cash, cash equivalents and investments |  | 1,074 |  |  | 1,263 |
Accounts receivable, net |  | 18 |  |  | 19 |
Unbilled revenue, net |  | 363 |  |  | 375 |
Prepaid expenses, net |  | 72 |  |  | 71 |
Other payroll assets |  | 54 |  |  | 122 |
Other current assets |  | 45 |  |  | 46 |
Total current assets |  | 2,177 |  |  | 2,326 |
Restricted cash, cash equivalents and investments, noncurrent |  | 157 |  |  | 153 |
Investments, noncurrent |  | 146 |  |  | 151 |
Property and equipment, net |  | 29 |  |  | 24 |
Operating lease right-of-use asset |  | 27 |  |  | 31 |
Goodwill |  | 462 |  |  | 462 |
Software and other intangible assets, net |  | 156 |  |  | 163 |
Other assets |  | 136 |  |  | 133 |
Total assets |  | $ | 3,290 |  |  | $ | 3,443 |
Liabilities and stockholders' equity |  |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |
Accounts payable and other current liabilities |  | $ | 100 |  |  | $ | 98 |
Client deposits and other client liabilities |  | 78 |  |  | 106 |
Accrued wages |  | 437 |  |  | 437 |
Accrued health insurance costs, net |  | 170 |  |  | 174 |
Accrued workers' compensation costs, net |  | 51 |  |  | 54 |
Payroll tax liabilities and other payroll withholdings |  | 846 |  |  | 1,087 |
Operating lease liabilities |  | 15 |  |  | 15 |
Insurance premiums and other payables |  | 10 |  |  | 17 |
Total current liabilities |  | 1,707 |  |  | 1,988 |
Long-term debt, noncurrent |  | 496 |  |  | 496 |
Accrued workers' compensation costs, noncurrent, net |  | 122 |  |  | 128 |
Deferred taxes |  | 7 |  |  | 8 |
Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent |  | 33 |  |  | 41 |
Other non-current liabilities |  | 10 |  |  | 7 |
Total liabilities |  | 2,375 |  |  | 2,668 |
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 6) |  |  |  |
Stockholders' equity: |  |  |  |
Preferred stock |  | — |  |  | — |
($0.000025 par value per share; 20,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022) |  |  |  |
Common stock and additional paid-in capital |  | 934 |  |  | 899 |
($0.000025 par value per share; 750,000,000 shares authorized; 59,674,960 and 60,555,661 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively) |  |  |  |
Accumulated deficit |  | (13) |  |  | (119) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  | (6) |  |  | (5) |
Total stockholders' equity |  | 915 |  |  | 775 |
Total liabilities & stockholders' equity |  | $ | 3,290 |  |  | $ | 3,443 |

See accompanying notes.

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TRINET GROUP, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2023 | 2022 |  | 2023 | 2022
Total Stockholders' Equity, beginning balance | $ | 825 |  | $ | 695 |  |  | $ | 775 |  | $ | 881 |
Common Stock and Additional Paid-In Capital |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance | 910 |  | 837 |  |  | 899 |  | 808 |
Issuance of common stock from exercise of stock options | 1 |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  | 1 |
Issuance of common stock for employee stock purchase plan | 6 |  | 5 |  |  | 6 |  | 5 |
Issuance of common stock for the acquisition of Zenefits | — |  | — |  |  | — |  | 17 |
Stock based compensation expense | 17 |  | 18 |  |  | 28 |  | 30 |
Ending balance | 934 |  | 861 |  |  | 934 |  | 861 |
Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance | (83) |  | (133) |  |  | (120) |  | 74 |
Net income | 83 |  | 85 |  |  | 214 |  | 230 |
Repurchase of common stock | (8) |  | (33) |  |  | (98) |  | (382) |
Awards effectively repurchased for required employee withholding taxes | (5) |  | (5) |  |  | (9) |  | (8) |
Ending balance | (13) |  | (86) |  |  | (13) |  | (86) |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance | (2) |  | (9) |  |  | (5) |  | (1) |
Other comprehensive loss | (4) |  | (3) |  |  | (1) |  | (11) |
Ending balance | (6) |  | (12) |  |  | (6) |  | (12) |
Total Stockholders' Equity, ending balance | $ | 915 |  | $ | 763 |  |  | $ | 915 |  | $ | 763 |

See accompanying notes.

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | Table of Contents

TRINET GROUP, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

| Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2023 | 2022
Operating activities |  |
Net income | $ | 214 |  | $ | 230 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |
Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets | 36 |  | 29 |
Amortization of deferred costs | 20 |  | 18 |
Amortization of ROU asset, lease modification, impairment, and abandonment | 2 |  | 6 |
Stock based compensation | 28 |  | 30 |
Other | 2 |  | 2 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |  |
Accounts receivable, net | (1) |  | 8 |
Unbilled revenue, net | 12 |  | 16 |
Other assets and prepaid expenses, net | (24) |  | (17) |
Other payroll assets | 68 |  | (4) |
Accounts payable and other liabilities | — |  | 2 |
Client deposits and other client liabilities | (27) |  | (23) |
Accrued wages | — |  | 196 |
Accrued health insurance costs, net | (5) |  | (23) |
Accrued workers' compensation costs, net | (9) |  | (9) |
Payroll taxes payable and other payroll withholdings | (241) |  | (328) |
Operating lease liabilities | (8) |  | (8) |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 67 |  | 125 |
Investing activities |  |
Purchases of marketable securities | (170) |  | (157) |
Proceeds from sale and maturity of marketable securities | 173 |  | 175 |
Acquisitions of property and equipment | (34) |  | (26) |
Acquisition of subsidiary, net of cash acquired | — |  | (183) |
Net cash used in investing activities | (31) |  | (191) |
Financing activities |  |
Repurchase of common stock | (98) |  | (382) |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock | 7 |  | 5 |
Revolver drawdown | 495 |  | — |
Revolver repayment | (495) |  | — |
Awards effectively repurchased for required employee withholding taxes | (9) |  | (8) |
Net cash used in financing activities | (100) |  | (385) |
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents, unrestricted and restricted | (64) |  | (451) |
Cash and cash equivalents, unrestricted and restricted: |  |
Beginning of period | 1,537 |  | 1,738 |
End of period | $ | 1,473 |  | $ | 1,287 |
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information |  |
Interest paid | $ | 12 |  | $ | 9 |
Income taxes paid, net | $ | 58 |  | $ | 37 |
Supplemental schedule of noncash investing and financing activities |  |
Payable for purchase of property and equipment | $ | 5 |  | $ | 3 |

See accompanying notes.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Description of Business
TriNet Group, Inc. (TriNet, or the Company, we, our and us) provides comprehensive HCM solutions for small and medium-size businesses under both a co-employment model and an administrative services only model. These HCM solutions include multi-state payroll processing and tax administration, employee benefits programs, including health insurance and retirement plans, workers' compensation insurance and claims management, employment and benefit law compliance, and other HR-related services. Through our PEO service model, we are the employer of record for certain employment-related administrative and regulatory purposes for the worksite employees (WSEs), including:
•compensation through wages and salaries,
•certain employer payroll-related tax payments,
•employee payroll-related tax withholdings and payments,
•employee benefit programs, including health and life insurance, and others, and
•workers' compensation coverage.
Our clients are responsible for the day-to-day job responsibilities of the WSEs.
Through our HCM services model, we provide cloud-based HCM services to small and medium-size businesses that allows them to manage hiring, onboarding and managing employee information, payroll processing and payroll tax administration, health insurance, and other benefits, from a single cloud-based software platform. We are not the co-employer or employer of record for such users.
We operate in one reportable segment. All of our service revenues are generated from external clients. Less than 1% of our revenue is generated outside of the U.S.
Basis of Presentation
These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial reporting and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X of the Rules and Regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and note disclosures included in our annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. In the opinion of management, the condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, that are normal and recurring in nature, necessary for fair financial statement presentation. The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results anticipated for the full year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (2022 Form 10-K). Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation.
Reclassifications
Certain prior year amounts within operating activities of the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. In particular, the amortization of deferred costs, consisting of costs to obtain contracts with customers, cloud computing implementation and debt issuance costs, were previously included in depreciation and amortization and are now separately classified as Amortization of deferred costs.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain reported amounts and related disclosures.
These estimates are based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable from the facts available to us. Some of the assumptions are highly uncertain at the time of estimation. To the extent actual experience differs from the assumptions used, our condensed consolidated financial statements could be materially affected.

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Revenue Recognition
Variable Consideration and Pricing Allocation
From time to time, we may offer credits to our clients considered to be variable consideration. Incentive credits related to contract renewals are recorded as a reduction to revenue as part of the transaction price at contract inception and are allocated among the performance obligations based on their relative standalone selling prices.
We allocate the total transaction price to each performance obligation based on the estimated relative standalone selling prices of the promised services underlying each performance obligation. The transaction price for the payroll and payroll tax processing performance obligations is determined upon establishment of the contract that contains the final terms of the arrangement, including the description and price of each service purchased. The estimated service fee is determined based on observable inputs and include the following key assumptions: target profit margin, pricing strategies including the mix of services purchased and competitive factors, and client and industry specifics.
The fees for access to health benefits and workers' compensation insurance performance obligations is determined during the new client on-boarding and enrollment processes based on the types of benefits coverage the WSEs have elected and the applicable risk profile of the client. We estimate our service fees based on actuarial forecasts of our expected insurance premiums and loss sensitive premium costs and amounts to cover our costs to administer these programs.
We require our clients to prefund payroll and related taxes and other withholding liabilities before payroll is processed or due for payment. Under the provision of our contracts with clients, we generally will process the payment of a client’s payroll only when the client successfully funds the amount required. As a result, there is no financing arrangement for the contracts. However, certain contracts to provide payroll and payroll tax processing services permit the client to pay certain payroll tax components ratably over periods of up to 12 months rather than as payroll tax is otherwise determined and due, which may be considered a significant financing arrangement under ASC Topic 606. However, as the period between our performing the service under the contract and when the client pays for the service is less than one year, we have elected, as a practical expedient, not to adjust the transaction price.
In previous years, we created our previously announced Recovery Credits to assist in the economic recovery of our existing PEO clients and enhance our ability to retain these clients. These credits were based on the performance of our insurance costs and were recorded as a reduction to insurance services revenues and included in client deposits and other client liabilities on the balance sheet. The change in balance for the liability for credits previously accrued is the following:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2023 | 2022 |  | 2023 | 2022
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 67 |  | $ | 35 |  |  | $ | 75 |  | $ | 48 |
(+) Accruals | — |  | 25 |  |  | — |  | 25 |
(-) Distributions to clients | (17) |  | (34) |  |  | (25) |  | (47) |
Balance at end of period | $ | 50 |  | $ | 26 |  |  | $ | 50 |  | $ | 26 |

Accrued Health Insurance Costs
We sponsor and administer a number of employee benefit plans for our PEO WSEs, including group health, dental, and vision as an employer plan sponsor under section 3(5) of the ERISA. In the six months ended June 30, 2023, the majority of our group health insurance costs related to risk-based plans. Our remaining group health insurance costs were for guaranteed-cost policies.
Accrued health insurance costs are established to provide for the estimated unpaid costs of reimbursing the carriers for paying claims within the deductible layer in accordance with risk-based health insurance policies. These accrued costs include estimates for reported losses, plus estimates for claims incurred but not paid. We assess accrued health insurance costs regularly based upon actuarial studies that include other relevant factors such as current and historical claims payment patterns, plan enrollment and medical trend rates.

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In certain carrier contracts we are required to prepay our obligations for the expected claims activity for subsequent periods. These prepaid balances by agreement permit net settlement of obligations and offset the accrued health insurance costs. As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, prepayments and miscellaneous receivables offsetting accrued health insurance costs were $59 million and $57 million, respectively. When the prepaid amount is in excess of our recorded liability the net asset position is included in prepaid expenses. As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, accrued health insurance costs offsetting prepaid expenses were $77 million and $73 million, respectively.

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NOTE 2. CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND INVESTMENTS - UNRESTRICTED AND RESTRICTED
Under the terms of the agreements with certain of our workers' compensation and health benefit insurance carriers, we are required to maintain collateral in trust accounts for the benefit of specified insurance carriers and to reimburse the carriers’ claim payments within our deductible layer. We invest a portion of the collateral amounts in marketable securities. We report the current and noncurrent portions of these trust accounts as restricted cash, cash equivalents and investments on the consolidated balance sheets.
We require our clients to prefund their payroll and related taxes and other withholding liabilities before payroll is processed or due for payment. This prefund is included in restricted cash, cash equivalents and investments as payroll funds collected, which is designated to pay pending payrolls, payroll tax liabilities and other payroll withholdings.
We also invest available corporate funds, primarily in fixed income securities which meet the requirements of our corporate investment policy and are classified as available for sale (AFS).
Our total cash, cash equivalents and investments are summarized below:

| June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
(in millions) | Cash and cash equivalents | Available-for-sale marketable securities |  | Total |  | Cash and cash equivalents | Available-for-sale marketable securities |  | Total
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 482 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 482 |  |  | $ | 354 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 354 |
Investments | — |  | 69 |  |  | 69 |  |  | — |  | 76 |  |  | 76 |
Restricted cash, cash equivalents and investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Payroll funds collected | 875 |  | — |  |  | 875 |  |  | 1,062 |  | — |  |  | 1,062 |
Collateral for health benefits claims | 31 |  | 110 |  |  | 141 |  |  | 29 |  | 110 |  |  | 139 |
Collateral for workers' compensation claims | 55 |  | — |  |  | 55 |  |  | 58 |  | — |  |  | 58 |
Other security deposits | 3 |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | 4 |  | — |  |  | 4 |
Total restricted cash, cash equivalents and investments | 964 |  | 110 |  |  | 1,074 |  |  | 1,153 |  | 110 |  |  | 1,263 |
Investments, noncurrent | — |  | 146 |  |  | 146 |  |  | — |  | 151 |  |  | 151 |
Restricted cash, cash equivalents and investments, noncurrent |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collateral for workers' compensation claims | 24 |  | 130 |  |  | 154 |  |  | 27 |  | 123 |  |  | 150 |
Other security deposits | 3 |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | 3 |  | — |  |  | 3 |
Total | $ | 1,473 |  | $ | 455 |  |  | $ | 1,928 |  |  | $ | 1,537 |  | $ | 460 |  |  | $ | 1,997 |

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NOTE 3. INVESTMENTS
The following tables summarize our financial instruments by significant categories and fair value measurement on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses, fair value of our AFS investments:

(in millions) | Fair Value Level | Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Gains | Gross Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Cash and Cash Equivalents | Investments | Restricted Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments
June 30, 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market mutual funds | Level 1 | $ | 163 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 163 |  | $ | 77 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 86 |
U.S. treasuries | Level 2 | 26 |  | — |  | — |  | 26 |  | 26 |  | — |  | — |
Total cash equivalents |  | 189 |  | — |  | — |  | 189 | 103 |  | — |  | 86 |
AFS Investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Asset-backed securities | Level 2 | 47 |  | — |  | (2) |  | 45 |  | — |  | 45 |  | — |
Corporate bonds | Level 2 | 122 |  | — |  | (1) |  | 121 |  | — |  | 96 |  | 25 |
Agency securities | Level 2 | 36 |  | — |  | (1) |  | 35 |  | — |  | 6 |  | 29 |
U.S. treasuries | Level 2 | 245 |  | — |  | (3) |  | 242 |  | — |  | 62 |  | 180 |
Certificate of deposit | Level 2 | 6 |  | — |  | — |  | 6 |  | — |  | — |  | 6 |
Other debt securities | Level 2 | 6 |  | — |  | — |  | 6 |  | — |  | 6 |  | — |
Total AFS Investments |  | $ | 462 |  | $ | — |  | $ | (7) |  | $ | 455 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 215 |  | $ | 240 |

(in millions) | Fair Value Level | Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Gains | Gross Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Cash and Cash Equivalents | Investments | Restricted Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments
December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market mutual funds | Level 1 | $ | 314 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 314 |  | $ | 225 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 89 |
U.S. treasuries | Level 2 | 18 |  | — |  | — |  | 18 | 18 |  | — |  | — |
Total cash equivalents |  | 332 |  | — |  | — |  | 332 | 243 |  | — |  | 89 |
AFS Investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Asset-backed securities | Level 2 | 42 |  | — |  | (2) |  | 40 |  | — |  | 40 |  | — |
Corporate bonds | Level 2 | 140 |  | — |  | (1) |  | 139 |  | — |  | 112 |  | 27 |
Agency securities | Level 2 | 33 |  | — |  | (1) |  | 32 |  | — |  | 5 |  | 27 |
U.S. treasuries | Level 2 | 229 |  | — |  | — |  | 229 |  | — |  | 62 |  | 167 |
Certificate of deposit | Level 2 | 12 |  | — |  | — |  | 12 |  | — |  | — |  | 12 |
Other debt securities | Level 2 | 8 |  | — |  | — |  | 8 |  | — |  | 7 |  | 1 |
Total AFS Investments |  | $ | 464 |  | $ | — |  | $ | (4) |  | $ | 460 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 226 |  | $ | 234 |

Fair Value of Financial Instruments
We use an independent pricing source to determine the fair value of our securities. The independent pricing source utilizes various pricing models for each asset class, including the market approach. The inputs and assumptions for the pricing models are market observable inputs including trades of comparable securities, dealer quotes, credit spreads, yield curves and other market-related data.
We have not adjusted the prices obtained from the independent pricing service and we believe the prices received from the independent pricing service are representative of the prices that would be received to sell the assets at the measurement date (exit price).

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The carrying value of the Company's cash equivalents and restricted cash equivalents approximate their fair values due to their short-term maturities.
We did not have any Level 3 financial instruments recognized in our Balance sheets as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. There were no transfers between levels as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
Sales and Maturities
The fair value of debt investments by contractual maturity are shown below:

(in millions) |  | June 30, 2023 |
One year or less |  | $ | 84 |  |
Over one year through five years |  | 341 |  |
Over five years through ten years |  | 11 |  |
Over ten years |  | 19 |  |
Total fair value |  | $ | 455 |  |

The gross proceeds from sales and maturities of AFS securities for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022 are presented below. We had immaterial gross realized gains and losses from sales of investments for the first half of 2023 and 2022.

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2023 | 2022 |  | 2023 | 2022
Gross proceeds from sales | $ | 52 |  | $ | 21 |  |  | $ | 84 |  | $ | 43 |
Gross proceeds from maturities | 45 |  | 83 |  |  | 89 |  | 132 |
Total | $ | 97 |  | $ | 104 |  |  | $ | 173 |  | $ | 175 |

Fair Value of Long-Term Debt
The fair value of our 2029 Notes was obtained from a third-party pricing service and is based on observable market inputs. As such, the fair value of the senior notes is considered Level 2 in the hierarchy for fair value measurement. As of June 30, 2023, our 2029 Notes were carried at their cost, net of issuance costs, and had a fair value of $436 million.
NOTE 4. ACCRUED WORKERS' COMPENSATION COSTS
The following table summarizes the accrued workers’ compensation cost activity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2023 | 2022 |  | 2023 | 2022
Total accrued costs, beginning of period | $ | 187 |  | $ | 199 |  |  | $ | 189 |  | $ | 198 |
Incurred |  |  |  |  |
Current year | 18 |  | 16 |  |  | 34 |  | 33 |
Prior years | (17) |  | (15) |  |  | (23) |  | (20) |
Total incurred | 1 |  | 1 |  |  | 11 |  | 13 |
Paid |  |  |  |  |
Current year | (1) |  | (2) |  |  | (2) |  | (2) |
Prior years | (9) |  | (9) |  |  | (20) |  | (20) |
Total paid | (10) |  | (11) |  |  | (22) |  | (22) |
Total accrued costs, end of period | $ | 178 |  | $ | 189 |  |  | $ | 178 |  | $ | 189 |

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | Table of Contents

The following summarizes workers' compensation liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets:

(in millions) | June 30, 2023 | December 31, 2022
Total accrued costs, end of period | $ | 178 |  | $ | 189 |
Collateral paid to carriers and offset against accrued costs | (5) |  | (7) |
Total accrued costs, net of carrier collateral offset | $ | 173 |  | $ | 182 |
Payable in less than 1 year (net of collateral paid to carriers of $1 and $2 at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively) | $ | 51 |  | $ | 54 |
Payable in more than 1 year (net of collateral paid to carriers of $4 and $5 at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively) | 122 |  | 128 |
Total accrued costs, net of carrier collateral offset | $ | 173 |  | $ | 182 |

Incurred claims related to prior years represents changes in estimates for ultimate losses on workers' compensation claims. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the favorable development is due to lower than expected reported claim frequency and severity for the more recent years.
As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had $43 million for both periods of collateral held by insurance carriers of which $5 million and $7 million at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively was offset against accrued workers' compensation costs as the agreements permit and are net settled of insurance obligations against collateral held.
NOTE 5. LONG-TERM DEBT AND REVOLVING CREDIT AGREEMENTS
In March 2023, as a precaution to ensure we maintained liquidity during the uncertainty of the banking crisis that followed the failure of Silicon Valley Bank, we drew down the available $495 million of capacity under our 2021 Revolver. As concerns about market liquidity subsided, we repaid $200 million in March and the remaining $295 million in April. As of June 30, 2023, we had no borrowings outstanding under the 2021 Revolver.
The annual interest rate for borrowings under our 2021 Revolver was previously calculated based on an applicable LIBOR tenor of our choosing, plus a margin of 1.25% to 2.00%, or, at our option, the alternative base rate (ABR), plus a margin of 0.25% to 1.00%. In the second quarter of 2023, we replaced the interest rate based on LIBOR and related LIBOR-based mechanics with an interest rate based on the forward-looking Secured Overnight Financing Rate (Term SOFR). Term SOFR loans will be charged interest at the Term SOFR rate (subject to a 0.00% floor), plus a margin between 1.25% and 2.00%, depending on the borrower’s total net leverage ratio, plus a credit adjustment spread of 10 basis points for all tenors (such Term SOFR rate plus the credit adjustment spread, the "Adjusted Term SOFR Rate"). The applicable Term SOFR or ABR margin is based on our Total Leverage Ratio, as defined in the 2021 Credit Agreement. The ABR is the highest of (a) the applicable Federal Reserve Bank of New York rate in effect on such day (which rate is the greater of the Federal funds Effective Rate in effect on such day and the Overnight Bank Funding Rate in effect on such day), as defined in our 2021 Credit Agreement plus 0.50% (b) the prime rate in effect on such day, and (c) the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate for a one month interest period, as published two U.S. Government Securities Business Days prior to such day daily plus 1.00%. The interest rate for 2023 borrowings under our 2021 Revolver was 7.875% - 8.125%.
In the event TriNet Group, Inc. receives a Corporate Issuer Credit Rating that is one level below investment grade rating or higher from at least two Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations, then rating based pricing applies and, for so long as rating-based pricing applies, irrespective of the Total Leverage Ratio, the Term SOFR margin will be 1.125% and the ABR margin will be 0.125%.
The indenture governing our 2029 Notes includes restrictive covenants limiting our ability to: (i) create liens on certain assets to secure debt; (ii) grant a subsidiary guarantee of certain debt without also providing a guarantee of the 2029 Notes; and (iii) consolidate or merge with or into, or sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets to, another person, subject, in each case, to certain customary exceptions.
The 2021 Credit Agreement includes negative covenants that limit our ability to incur indebtedness and liens, sell assets and make restricted payments, including dividends and investments, subject to certain exceptions. In addition, the 2021 Credit Agreement also contains other customary affirmative and negative covenants and customary events of default. The 2021 Credit Agreement also contains a financial covenant that requires the Company to maintain certain maximum total net leverage ratios. We were in compliance with all financial covenants under the 2021 Credit Agreement at June 30, 2023.

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | Table of Contents

NOTE 6. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Contingencies
On September 29, 2020, a class action was filed in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida against the directors of certain TriNet subsidiaries and other TriNet employees on behalf of a putative class of participants in two retirement plans available to TriNet’s eligible worksite employees, the TriNet 401(k) Plan and the TriNet Select 401(k) Plan. The complaint is similar to claims recently brought against a number of employers including PEOs and generally alleges that the defendants violated certain fiduciary obligations to Plan participants under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 with respect to overseeing plan investment and recordkeeping fees. On October 21, 2022, the court issued an order declining to certify a class with respect to claims against the TriNet 401(k) Plan, but certified a class with respect to claims against the TriNet Select 401(k) Plan. On April 26, 2023, the court entered an order granting TriNet's motion for summary judgment on all remaining claims. No appeal was timely filed and the matter is closed.
We are and, from time to time, have been and may in the future become involved in various litigation matters, legal proceedings, and claims arising in the ordinary course of our business, including disputes with our clients or various class action, collective action, representative action, and other proceedings arising from the nature of our co-employment relationship with our clients and WSEs in which we are named as a defendant. In addition, due to the nature of our co-employment relationship with our clients and WSEs, we could be subject to liability for federal and state law violations, even if we do not participate in such violations. While our agreements with our clients contain indemnification provisions related to the conduct of our clients, we may not be able to avail ourselves of such provisions in every instance. We have accrued our current best estimates of probable losses with respect to these matters, which are individually and in aggregate immaterial to our consolidated financial statements.
While the outcome of the matters described above cannot be predicted with certainty, management currently does not believe that any such claims or proceedings will have a materially adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. However, the unfavorable resolution of any particular matter or our reassessment of our exposure for any of the above matters based on additional information obtained in the future could have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
NOTE 7. STOCK BASED COMPENSATION
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Time-based RSUs generally vest over a four-year term. Performance-based RSUs are subject to vesting requirements and are earned, in part, based on certain financial performance metrics as defined in the grant notice. Actual number of shares earned may range from 0% to 200% of the target award. Performance-based awards granted in 2023 and 2022 are earned based on a single-year performance period subject to subsequent multi-year time-based vesting with 50% of the shares earned vesting in one year after the performance period and the remaining shares in the year after. RSUs are generally forfeited if the participant terminates service prior to vesting.

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | Table of Contents

The following tables summarize RSU activity for the six months ended June 30, 2023:
Time-based RSUs

| Total Number of RSUs |  | Total Number of Shares | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested at December 31, 2022 | 1,198,561 |  |  | 1,198,561 |  | $ | 80.75 |
Granted | 748,096 |  |  | 748,096 |  | 77.22 |
Vested | (302,926) |  |  | (302,926) |  | 76.34 |
Forfeited | (64,172) |  |  | (64,172) |  | 82.91 |
Nonvested at June 30, 2023 | 1,579,559 |  |  | 1,579,559 |  | $ | 79.53 |

Performance-based RSUs

| Total Number of RSUs |  | Total Number of Shares | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Nonvested at December 31, 2022 | 202,586 |  |  | 202,586 |  | $ | 86.82 |
Granted | 177,067 |  |  | 177,067 |  | 79.05 |
Nonvested at June 30, 2023 | 379,653 |  |  | 379,653 |  | $ | 83.20 |

Stock Based Compensation
Stock based compensation expense for stock-based awards made to our employees pursuant to our equity plans were as follows:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions) | 2023 | 2022 |  | 2023 | 2022
Cost of providing services | $ | 4 |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | 7 |  | $ | 6 |
Sales and marketing | 2 |  | 2 |  |  | 4 |  | 3 |
General and administrative | 10 |  | 11 |  |  | 15 |  | 19 |
Systems development and programming costs | 1 |  | 1 |  |  | 2 |  | 2 |
Total stock based compensation expense | $ | 17 |  | $ | 18 |  |  | $ | 28 |  | $ | 30 |
Total stock based compensation capitalized | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1 |  | $ | — |

NOTE 8. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Common Stock
The following table shows the beginning and ending balances of our issued and outstanding common stock for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2023 | 2022 |  | 2023 | 2022
Shares issued and outstanding, beginning balance | 59,522,954 |  | 62,258,896 |  |  | 60,555,661 |  | 65,968,224 |
Issuance of common stock from vested restricted stock units | 167,852 |  | 170,358 |  |  | 302,926 |  | 296,880 |
Issuance of common stock from exercise of stock options | 41,876 |  | 43,700 |  |  | 81,667 |  | 72,389 |
Issuance of common stock for employee stock purchase plan | 104,017 |  | 73,808 |  |  | 104,017 |  | 73,808 |
Issuance of common stock for the acquisition of Zenefits | — |  | — |  |  | — |  | 193,221 |
Repurchase of common stock | (108,018) |  | (408,478) |  |  | (1,265,889) |  | (4,419,423) |
Awards effectively repurchased for required employee withholding taxes | (53,721) |  | (50,981) |  |  | (103,422) |  | (97,796) |
Shares issued and outstanding, ending balance | 59,674,960 |  | 62,087,303 |  |  | 59,674,960 |  | 62,087,303 |

Stock Repurchases

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | Table of Contents

In February 2020, our board of directors authorized a $300 million incremental increase to our ongoing stock repurchase program. In February 2022 and November 2022, our board of directors authorized a further $300 million and $200 million, respectively, incremental increase to this stock repurchase program. In February 2023 and July 2023, our board of directors authorized a further $300 million and $1 billion, respectively, incremental increase to this stock repurchase program. This repurchase authorization has no expiration.
NOTE 9. INCOME TAXES
Our ETR was 25% and 27% for the second quarter of 2023 and 2022, respectively and 27% and 27% for the first half of 2023 and 2022, respectively. The decrease in rates for the second quarter of 2023 compared with the same period in 2022 was primarily due to increase in tax credits and an increase in tax benefits related to stock-based compensation.
We are subject to tax in U.S. federal and various state and local jurisdictions, as well as Canada and India. We are open to federal and significant state income tax examinations for tax years 2016 and subsequent years.
NOTE 10. EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic EPS is computed based on the weighted average shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is computed based on those shares used in the basic EPS computation, plus potentially dilutive shares issuable under our equity-based compensation plans using the treasury stock method. Shares that are potentially anti-dilutive are excluded.
The following table presents the computation of our basic and diluted EPS attributable to our common stock:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions, except per share data) | 2023 | 2022 |  | 2023 | 2022
Net income | $ | 83 |  | $ | 85 |  |  | $ | 214 |  | $ | 230 |
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding | 60 |  | 62 |  |  | 60 |  | 64 |
Basic EPS | $ | 1.40 |  | $ | 1.36 |  |  | $ | 3.58 |  | $ | 3.62 |
Net income | $ | 83 |  | $ | 85 |  |  | $ | 214 |  | $ | 230 |
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding | 60 |  | 62 |  |  | 60 |  | 64 |
Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock units | — |  | 1 |  |  | — |  | — |
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding | 60 |  | 63 |  |  | 60 |  | 64 |
Diluted EPS | $ | 1.38 |  | $ | 1.35 |  |  | $ | 3.56 |  | $ | 3.58 |
Common stock equivalents excluded from income per diluted share because of their anti-dilutive effect | — |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  | 1 |

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OTHER INFORMATION | Table of Contents

Legal Proceedings
For the information required in this section, refer to Note 6 in the condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included in this Form 10-Q.
Risk Factors
There have been no material changes in our risk factors disclosed in Part 1, Item 1A, of our 2022 Form 10-K.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
(a) Sales of Unregistered Securities
Not applicable.
(b) Use of Proceeds from Sales of Unregistered Securities
Not applicable.
(c) Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The following table provides information about our purchases of TriNet common stock during the quarter ended June 30, 2023:

Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased (1) (2) |  | Weighted Average Price Paid Per Share |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans |  |  |  | Approximate Dollar Value ($ millions) of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans (3)
April 1 - April 30, 2023 | 108,045 |  |  | $ | 80.63 |  |  | 108,018 |  |  |  |  | $ | 446 |
May 1 - May 31, 2023 | 52,929 |  |  | $ | 91.78 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | $ | 446 |
June 1 - June 30, 2023 | 765 |  |  | $ | 99.61 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | $ | 446 |
Total | 161,739 |  |  |  |  | 108,018 |  |  |  |  |

(1) In May 2014, our board of directors approved a stock repurchase program pursuant to which we are authorized to repurchase our common stock in privately negotiated and/or open market transactions, including under plans complying with Rule 10b5-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. From time to time, our board of directors authorizes increases to our stock repurchase program and approved an aggregate total of $1,715 million as of June 30, 2023. The total remaining authorization for future stock repurchases under our stock repurchase program was $446 million as of June 30, 2023. The program does not have an expiration date.
(2) Includes shares surrendered by employees to us to satisfy tax withholding obligations that arose upon vesting of restricted stock units granted pursuant to approved plans.
(3) We repurchased a total of approximately $9 million of our outstanding stock during the three months ended June 30, 2023.
We use our stock repurchase program to return value to our stockholders and to offset dilution from the issuance of stock under our equity-based incentive plans and employee purchase plan. We plan to use current cash and cash generated from ongoing operating activities to fund our stock repurchase program.
Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Not applicable.
Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Other Information
During the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

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EXHIBITS | Table of Contents

Exhibits
Incorporated herein by reference is a list of the exhibits contained in the Exhibit Index below.
EXHIBIT INDEX

|  |  |  | Incorporated by Reference |  |
Exhibit No. |  | Exhibit |  | Form |  | File No. |  | Exhibit |  | Filing Date |  | Filed Herewith
3.1 |  | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of TriNet Group, Inc. |  | 8-K |  | 001-36373 |  | 3.1 |  | 5/30/2023 |  |
3.2 |  | Amended and Restated Bylaws of TriNet Group, Inc. |  | 8-K |  | 001-36373 |  | 3.1 |  | 3/27/2023 |  |
4.1 |  | Registration Rights Agreement, by and between TriNet Group, Inc. and AGI-T, L.P., dated as of February 1, 2017. |  | 8-K |  | 001-36373 |  | 4.1 |  | 2/2/2017 |  |
4.2 |  | Third Amendment, dated as of May 22, 2023, to the 2021 Credit Agreement among the Borrower, the Company, the other loan parties party thereto, the lenders party thereto and the Administrative Agent |  | 8-K |  | 001-36373 |  | 4.1 |  | 5/26/2023 |  |
10.1 |  | TriNet Group, Inc. Amended and Restated Executive Compensation Clawback Policy |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | X
10.2 |  | TriNet Group, Inc. Amended and Restated Non-Employee Director Compensation Policy |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | X
31.1 |  | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | X
31.2 |  | Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | X
32.1* |  | Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | X
101.INS |  | XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
101.SCH |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Linkbase Document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
101.CAL |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
101.DEF |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
101.LAB |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
101.PRE |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
104 |  | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded with the Inline XBRL document) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

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EXHIBITS | Table of Contents

* | Document has been furnished, is deemed not filed and is not to be incorporated by reference into any of TriNet Group, Inc.’s filings under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in any such filing.

46

SIGNATURES | Table of Contents

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

| TRINET GROUP, INC.
Date: July 26, 2023 |  | By: | /s/ Burton M. Goldfield
|  |  | Burton M. Goldfield
|  |  | Chief Executive Officer
Date: July 26, 2023 |  | By: | /s/ Kelly Tuminelli
|  |  | Kelly Tuminelli
|  |  | Chief Financial Officer

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