In order to provide additional incentives to employees and to promote the success of the Company’s business, the Company adopted a share incentive plan in 2011 (the “2011 Plan”), a share incentive plan in 2013 (the “2013 Plan”), Amended and Restated 2016 Share Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”) and 2016 Share Incentive Plan II (the “2016 Plan II”) in 2016, collectively the “Plans”. The Company may grant share-based awards to its employees, directors and consultants to purchase an aggregate of no more

han 31,372,400, 13,400,000, 19,560,000 and 12,000,000 ordinary shares (previously 7,843,100, 3,350,000, 4,890,000 and 3,000,000 ordinary shares, respectively before the Share Subdivision as detailed in Note 2(a) of the Company under the 2011 Plan, 2013 Plan, 2016 Plan and 2016 Plan II, respectively. 2011 Plan, 2013 Plan, 2016 Plan and 2016 Plan II were approved by the Board of Directors in May 2011, November 2013, March 2017 and December 2016, respectively. The Plans are administered by the Board of Directors or any of its committees as set forth in the Plans. For share options and restricted shares with service condition or performance condition granted under the Plans, majority are subject to vesting schedules of approximately four years with 25% of the awards vesting each year and have a contractual term of

ten years.

Following the Share Subdivision and the ADS Ratio Change that became effective on February 5, 2021 as detailed in Note 2(a), each ordinary share was subdivided into four ordinary shares and each ADS represents four ordinary shares.

Pro-rata

adjustments have been made to the number of ordinary shares underlying each share option and restricted share granted, so as to give the participants the same proportion of the equity that they would have been entitled to prior to the Share Subdivision. Prior to February 5, 2021, one ordinary share was issuable upon the exercise of one outstanding share option or the vesting of one outstanding restricted share, respectively. Subsequent to the Share Subdivision, four ordinary shares are issuable upon the exercise of one outstanding share option or the vesting of one outstanding restricted share, respectively. The Share Subdivision has no impact on the number of share options, the number of restricted shares, the weighted average exercise price per share option and the weighted average grant date fair value per restricted share as stated below.

Share options

The following table summarizes the Company’s employee share option activity under the share option plans:


	Number of options			Weighted average exercise price		Weighted average grant date fair value		Weighted average remaining contractual term		Aggregate intrinsic value
Outstanding, January 1, 2021		511,790			63.83		41.10		7.54		18,910
Granted		385,120			47.06		23.00
Exercised		(123,811	)		45.35
Forfeited		(230,271	)		79.60

Outstanding, December 31, 2021		542,828			51.33		25.80		8.88		206

Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2021		517,519			49.68		25.98		8.87		206

Exercisable as of December 31, 2021		104,324			50.03		35.69		6.76		206

The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying awards and US$29.48, the closing stock price of the Company’s ordinary shares on December 31, 2021. The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 was US$45.26, US$40.52 and US$23.00, respectively. The total grant date fair value of options vested during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 was RMB79,197, RMB58,092 and RMB32,226 (US$5,057

)

, respectively. Total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 was RMB178,577, RMB170,374 and RMB27,950 (US$4,386

)

, respectively.

The aggregate fair value of the outstanding options at the grant dates were determined to be

RMB89,242 (US$14,004

)

and such amount shall be recognized as compensation expenses using the straight-line method for all employee share options granted with graded vesting. As of December 31, 2021, there was RMB48,884 (US$7,671

)

of total unrecognized share-based compensation expenses, net of estimated forfeitures, related to unvested share-based awards

which are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.26 years. Total unrecognized compensation expenses may be adjusted for future changes in estimated forfeitures.

Restricted shares

Restricted shares activity for the year ended December 31, 2021 was as follows:


	Number of shares			Weighted average grant date fair value
Outstanding, January 1, 2021		853,331			79.88
Granted		1,028,741			50.79
Vested		(348,696	)		74.17
Forfeited		(243,217	)		79.67

Outstanding, December 31, 2021		1,290,159			55.34

Expected to vest, December 31, 2021		1,011,422			54.83

The weighted average grant-date fair value of restricted shares granted during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 was US$85.30, US$85.44 and US$50.79, respectively, which was derived from the fair value of the underlying ordinary shares. The total grant date fair value of restricted shares vested during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 was RMB141,227, RMB144,757 and RMB165,675 (US$25,998

)

. The aggregate fair value of the outstanding restricted shares at the grant dates were determined to be

RMB454,972 (US$71,395

)

and such amount shall be recognized as compensation expense using the straight-line method for all restricted shares granted with graded vesting. As of December 31, 2021, there was RMB262,589 (US$41,206

)

of total unrecognized share-based compensation expenses, net of estimated forfeitures, related to unvested restricted shares which are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.83 years. Total unrecognized compensation expenses may be adjusted for future changes in estimated forfeitures.

The binomial option pricing model was applied in determining the estimated fair value of the options granted to employees. The model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions including the estimated expected stock price volatility and the exercise multiple for which employees are likely to exercise share options. For expected volatilities, the Company has made reference to the historical price volatilities of ordinary shares of several comparable companies in the same industry as the Company. The exercise multiple is estimated as the ratio of fair value of underlying shares over the exercise price as at the time the option is exercised and is based on a consideration of research study regarding exercise pattern based on historical statistical data. The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury Bills yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The Company’s management is ultimately responsible for the determination of the estimated fair value of its options. Subsequent to the IPO, fair value of the ordinary shares was the price of the Company’s publicly traded shares.

The Company calculated the estimated fair value of the share-based awards on the respective grant dates using the binomial option pricing model with the following assumptions:


	2019		2020		2021
Fair value of ordinary share	US$	87.39	US$	77.32-US$94.46	US$	31.06-US$119.82
Risk-free interest rates		1.96%		0.62%-1.92%		1.09%-1.62%
Expected exercise multiple		2.2		2.2-2.8		2.2-2.8
Expected volatility		53%		52%-53%		51%-52%
Expected dividend yield		0.00%		1.00%		1.00%
Weighted average fair value per option granted	US$	45.26	US$ US$	30.00 - 44.69	US$	10.51-US$60.83

Share-based compensation expenses relating to options and restricted shares granted to employees recognized for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 is as follows:


	Year ended December 31,
	2019		2020		2021
	RMB		RMB		RMB		US$
Cost of revenues		15,508		21,372		23,142		3,631
Sales and marketing expenses		46,081		40,103		46,823		7,348
General and administrative expenses		62,884		55,868		48,803		7,658
Product development expenses		79,535		93,863		87,292		13,698

		204,008		211,206		206,060		32,335