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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_______________________
FORM 10-Q
_______________________
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2023
OR
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission file number 1-6961
___________________________
TEGNA INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
___________________________

Delaware |  | 16-0442930
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
8350 Broad Street, Suite 2000, Tysons, Virginia |  | 22102-5151
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (Zip Code)
(703) 873-6600 |  |

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class | Trading Symbol | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock | TGNA | New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐
Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ☐
|  | Emerging growth company | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act): Yes ☐ No ☒
The total number of shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, $1 par value, outstanding as of July 31, 2023 was 201,522,005.

INDEX TO TEGNA INC.
June 30, 2023 FORM 10-Q

Item No. |  | Page
| PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
1. | Financial Statements |
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 3 0, 2023 and December 31, 2022 | 3
| Consolidated Statements of Income for the Quarters and Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 | 5
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Quarters and Six Months Ended June 3 0, 2023 and 2022 | 6
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 3 0, 2023 and 2022 | 7
| Consolidated Statements of Equity and Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest for the Quarters and Six Months Ended June 3 0, 2023 and 2022 | 8
| Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 10
2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 18
3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 32
4. | Controls and Procedures | 32
| PART II. OTHER INFORMATION |
1. | Legal Proceedings | 32
1A. | Risk Factors | 32
2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 33
3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 33
4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 33
5. | Other Information | 33
6. | Exhibits | 34
SIGNATURE | 35

2

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
TEGNA Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
In thousands of dollars (Unaudited)

| June 30, 2023 |  | Dec. 31, 2022
ASSETS |  |  |
Current assets |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 489,373 |  |  | $ | 551,681 |
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $4,249 and $3,697, respectively | 593,410 |  |  | 658,318 |
Other receivables | 10,534 |  |  | 13,493 |
Syndicated programming rights | 17,326 |  |  | 44,064 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 33,257 |  |  | 36,152 |
Total current assets | 1,143,900 |  |  | 1,303,708 |
Property and equipment |  |  |
Cost | 1,076,634 |  |  | 1,067,191 |
Less accumulated depreciation | (634,853) |  |  | (610,138) |
Net property and equipment | 441,781 |  |  | 457,053 |
Intangible and other assets |  |  |
Goodwill | 2,981,587 |  |  | 2,981,587 |
Indefinite-lived and amortizable intangible assets, less accumulated amortization of $263,484 and $348,087, respectively | 2,355,561 |  |  | 2,381,606 |
Right-of-use assets for operating leases | 73,605 |  |  | 78,448 |
Investments and other assets | 118,839 |  |  | 126,494 |
Total intangible and other assets | 5,529,592 |  |  | 5,568,135 |
Total assets | $ | 7,115,273 |  |  | $ | 7,328,896 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
3

TEGNA Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
In thousands of dollars, except par value and share amounts (Unaudited)

| June 30, 2023 |  | Dec. 31, 2022
LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTEREST AND EQUITY |  |  |
Current liabilities |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 78,788 |  |  | $ | 76,212 |
Accrued liabilities |  |  |
Compensation | 38,598 |  |  | 50,339 |
Interest | 44,625 |  |  | 45,480 |
Contracts payable for programming rights | 99,593 |  |  | 117,743 |
Other | 67,724 |  |  | 78,265 |
Income taxes payable | 3,416 |  |  | 22,985 |
Total current liabilities | 332,744 |  |  | 391,024 |
Noncurrent liabilities |  |  |
Deferred income tax liability | 574,975 |  |  | 556,131 |
Long-term debt | 3,071,026 |  |  | 3,069,316 |
Pension liabilities | 73,380 |  |  | 73,684 |
Operating lease liabilities | 74,231 |  |  | 79,503 |
Other noncurrent liabilities | 66,653 |  |  | 70,098 |
Total noncurrent liabilities | 3,860,265 |  |  | 3,848,732 |
Total liabilities | 4,193,009 |  |  | 4,239,756 |
Commitments and contingent liabilities (see Note 9) |  |  |
Redeemable noncontrolling interest (see Note 1) | 18,106 |  |  | 17,418 |
Shareholders’ equity |  |  |
Common stock of $1 par value per share, 800,000,000 shares authorized, 324,418,632 shares issued | 324,419 |  |  | 324,419 |
Additional paid-in capital | 27,941 |  |  | 27,941 |
Retained earnings | 7,989,312 |  |  | 7,898,055 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (123,467) |  |  | (125,533) |
Less treasury stock at cost, 122,978,320 shares and 100,970,426 shares, respectively | (5,314,047) |  |  | (5,053,160) |
Total equity | 2,904,158 |  |  | 3,071,722 |
Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interest and equity | $ | 7,115,273 |  |  | $ | 7,328,896 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
4

TEGNA Inc.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
Unaudited, in thousands of dollars, except per share amounts

| Quarter ended June 30, |  | Six months ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Revenues | $ | 731,506 |  |  | $ | 784,881 |  |  | $ | 1,471,833 |  |  | $ | 1,559,004 |
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of revenues 1 | 430,528 |  |  | 420,235 |  |  | 857,460 |  |  | 831,685 |
Business units - Selling, general and administrative expenses | 97,231 |  |  | 99,585 |  |  | 196,340 |  |  | 201,554 |
Corporate - General and administrative expenses | 26,506 |  |  | 13,612 |  |  | 38,606 |  |  | 34,932 |
Depreciation | 14,987 |  |  | 15,534 |  |  | 30,036 |  |  | 30,839 |
Amortization of intangible assets | 13,296 |  |  | 14,999 |  |  | 26,878 |  |  | 29,999 |
Asset impairment and other | 3,359 |  |  | (105) |  |  | 3,359 |  |  | (163) |
Merger termination fee | (136,000) |  |  | — |  |  | (136,000) |  |  | — |
Total | 449,907 |  |  | 563,860 |  |  | 1,016,679 |  |  | 1,128,846 |
Operating income | 281,599 |  |  | 221,021 |  |  | 455,154 |  |  | 430,158 |
Non-operating (expense) income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity loss in unconsolidated investments, net | (283) |  |  | (236) |  |  | (520) |  |  | (4,047) |
Interest expense | (42,797) |  |  | (42,950) |  |  | (85,703) |  |  | (86,570) |
Other non-operating items, net | 5,781 |  |  | (1,865) |  |  | 11,192 |  |  | 15,454 |
Total | (37,299) |  |  | (45,051) |  |  | (75,031) |  |  | (75,163) |
Income before income taxes | 244,300 |  |  | 175,970 |  |  | 380,123 |  |  | 354,995 |
Provision for income taxes | 44,207 |  |  | 44,030 |  |  | 76,026 |  |  | 88,768 |
Net Income | 200,093 |  |  | 131,940 |  |  | 304,097 |  |  | 266,227 |
Net loss (income) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest | 12 |  |  | (371) |  |  | 311 |  |  | (424) |
Net income attributable to TEGNA Inc. | $ | 200,105 |  |  | $ | 131,569 |  |  | $ | 304,408 |  |  | $ | 265,803 |
Earnings per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | 0.92 |  |  | $ | 0.59 |  |  | $ | 1.37 |  |  | $ | 1.19 |
Diluted | $ | 0.92 |  |  | $ | 0.59 |  |  | $ | 1.37 |  |  | $ | 1.19 |
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic shares | 217,830 |  |  | 223,675 |  |  | 221,168 |  |  | 223,197 |
Diluted shares | 217,979 |  |  | 224,489 |  |  | 221,391 |  |  | 223,867 |
1 Cost of revenues exclude charges for depreciation and amortization expense, which are shown separately above.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
5

TEGNA Inc.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Unaudited, in thousands of dollars

| Quarter ended June 30, |  | Six months ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Net income | $ | 200,093 |  |  | $ | 131,940 |  |  | $ | 304,097 |  |  | $ | 266,227 |
Other comprehensive income, before tax: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 142 |
Recognition of previously deferred post-retirement benefit plan costs | 1,327 |  |  | 1,085 |  |  | 2,777 |  |  | 2,061 |
Realized gain on available-for-sale investment during the period | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (20,800) |
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax | 1,327 |  |  | 1,085 |  |  | 2,777 |  |  | (18,597) |
Income tax effect related to components of other comprehensive income | (339) |  |  | (279) |  |  | (711) |  |  | 4,785 |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | 988 |  |  | 806 |  |  | 2,066 |  |  | (13,812) |
Comprehensive income | 201,081 |  |  | 132,746 |  |  | 306,163 |  |  | 252,415 |
Comprehensive loss (income) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest | 12 |  |  | (371) |  |  | 311 |  |  | (424) |
Comprehensive income attributable to TEGNA Inc. | $ | 201,093 |  |  | $ | 132,375 |  |  | $ | 306,474 |  |  | $ | 251,991 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
6

TEGNA Inc.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Unaudited, in thousands of dollars

| Six months ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |
Net income | $ | 304,097 |  |  | $ | 266,227 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flow from operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 56,914 |  |  | 60,838 |
Stock-based compensation | 8,845 |  |  | 17,209 |
Company stock 401(k) contribution | 10,226 |  |  | 9,929 |
Gains on assets, net | — |  |  | (18,308) |
Equity losses from unconsolidated investments, net | 520 |  |  | 4,047 |
Merger termination fee | (136,000) |  |  | — |
Pension expense, net of employer contributions | 2,655 |  |  | (1,070) |
Change in other assets and liabilities: |  |  |
Decrease in trade receivables | 64,356 |  |  | 25,263 |
Increase in accounts payable | 2,576 |  |  | 13,385 |
Increase in interest and taxes payable, net | 1,100 |  |  | 9,615 |
Increase in deferred revenue | 861 |  |  | 1,687 |
Change in other assets and liabilities, net | (8,665) |  |  | 2,565 |
Net cash flow from operating activities | 307,485 |  |  | 391,387 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |
Purchase of property and equipment | (14,491) |  |  | (23,094) |
Reimbursements from spectrum repacking | — |  |  | 163 |
Payments for acquisition of assets | (1,150) |  |  | — |
Purchases of investments | (328) |  |  | (4,706) |
Proceeds from investments | 23 |  |  | 3,451 |
Proceeds from sale of assets | 39 |  |  | 367 |
Net cash flow used for investing activities | (15,907) |  |  | (23,819) |
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |
Payments under revolving credit facilities, net | — |  |  | (166,000) |
Dividends paid | (40,489) |  |  | (42,331) |
Repurchase of common stock | (300,000) |  |  | — |
Other, net | (13,397) |  |  | (15,456) |
Net cash flow used for financing activities | (353,886) |  |  | (223,787) |
(Decrease) increase in cash | (62,308) |  |  | 143,781 |
Balance of cash, beginning of period | 551,681 |  |  | 56,989 |
Balance of cash, end of period | $ | 489,373 |  |  | $ | 200,770 |
Supplemental cash flow information: |  |  |
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds | $ | 74,372 |  |  | $ | 79,915 |
Cash paid for interest | $ | 83,058 |  |  | $ | 84,361 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
7

TEGNA Inc.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY AND REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTEREST
Unaudited, in thousands of dollars, except per share data

Quarters ended: | Redeemable noncontrolling interest |  |  | Common stock | Additional paid-in capital | Retained earnings | Accumulated other comprehensive loss | Treasury stock | Total Equity
Balance at Mar. 31, 2023 | $ | 17,754 |  |  |  | $ | 324,419 |  | $ | 27,941 |  | $ | 7,879,619 |  | $ | (124,455) |  | $ | (4,956,259) |  | $ | 3,151,265 |
Net (loss) income | (12) |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | 200,105 |  | — |  | — |  | 200,105 |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax | — |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 988 |  | — |  | 988 |
Total comprehensive income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 201,093 |
Dividends declared: $0.095 per share | — |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | (19,130) |  | — |  | — |  | (19,130) |
Company stock 401(k) contribution | — |  |  |  | — |  | (961) |  | (12,697) |  | — |  | 18,320 |  | 4,662 |
Stock-based awards activity | — |  |  |  | — |  | (184) |  | (2,441) |  | — |  | 2,636 |  | 11 |
Stock-based compensation | — |  |  |  | — |  | 5,157 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 5,157 |
Repurchase of common stock | — |  |  |  | — |  | (4,220) |  | (55,780) |  | — |  | (378,744) |  | (438,744) |
Adjustment of redeemable noncontrolling interest to redemption value | 364 |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | (364) |  | — |  | — |  | (364) |
Other activity | — |  |  |  | — |  | 208 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 208 |
Balance at June 30, 2023 | $ | 18,106 |  |  |  | $ | 324,419 |  | $ | 27,941 |  | $ | 7,989,312 |  | $ | (123,467) |  | $ | (5,314,047) |  | $ | 2,904,158 |
| Redeemable noncontrolling interest |  |  | Common stock | Additional paid-in capital | Retained earnings | Accumulated other comprehensive loss | Treasury stock | Total Equity
Balance at Mar. 31, 2022 | $ | 16,430 |  |  |  | $ | 324,419 |  | $ | 27,941 |  | $ | 7,479,795 |  | $ | (111,834) |  | $ | (5,101,472) |  | $ | 2,618,849 |
Net income | 371 |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | 131,569 |  | — |  | — |  | 131,569 |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax | — |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 806 |  | — |  | 806 |
Total comprehensive income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 132,375 |
Dividends declared: $0.095 per share | — |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | (21,180) |  | — |  | — |  | (21,180) |
Company stock 401(k) contribution | — |  |  |  | — |  | (5,004) |  | (4,810) |  | — |  | 14,405 |  | 4,591 |
Stock-based awards activity | — |  |  |  | — |  | (2,053) |  | (1,974) |  | — |  | 4,022 |  | (5) |
Stock-based compensation | — |  |  |  | — |  | 6,714 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 6,714 |
Adjustment of redeemable noncontrolling interest to redemption value | (36) |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | 36 |  | — |  | — |  | 36 |
Other activity | — |  |  |  | — |  | 343 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 343 |
Balance at June 30, 2022 | $ | 16,765 |  |  |  | $ | 324,419 |  | $ | 27,941 |  | $ | 7,583,436 |  | $ | (111,028) |  | $ | (5,083,045) |  | $ | 2,741,723 |

8

TEGNA Inc. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY AND REDEEMABLE NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST
Unaudited, in thousands of dollars, except per share data |  |  |  |
Six Months Ended: | Redeemable noncontrolling interest |  |  | Common stock | Additional paid-in capital | Retained earnings | Accumulated other comprehensive loss | Treasury stock | Total
Balance at Dec. 31, 2022 | $ | 17,418 |  |  |  | $ | 324,419 |  | $ | 27,941 |  | $ | 7,898,055 |  | $ | (125,533) |  | $ | (5,053,160) |  | $ | 3,071,722 |
Net income | (311) |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | 304,408 |  | — |  | — |  | 304,408 |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax | — |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 2,066 |  | — |  | 2,066 |
Total comprehensive income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 306,474 |
Dividends declared: $0.19 per share | — |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | (40,489) |  | — |  | — |  | (40,489) |
Company stock 401(k) contribution | — |  |  |  | — |  | (1,536) |  | (27,188) |  | — |  | 38,950 |  | 10,226 |
Stock-based awards activity | — |  |  |  | — |  | (3,609) |  | (88,695) |  | — |  | 78,907 |  | (13,397) |
Stock-based compensation | — |  |  |  | — |  | 8,845 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 8,845 |
Repurchase of common stock | — |  |  |  | — |  | (4,220) |  | (55,780) |  | — |  | (378,744) |  | (438,744) |
Adjustment of redeemable noncontrolling interest to redemption value | 999 |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | (999) |  | — |  | — |  | (999) |
Other activity | — |  |  |  | — |  | 520 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 520 |
Balance at June 30, 2023 | $ | 18,106 |  |  |  | $ | 324,419 |  | $ | 27,941 |  | $ | 7,989,312 |  | $ | (123,467) |  | $ | (5,314,047) |  | $ | 2,904,158 |
| Redeemable noncontrolling interest |  |  | Common stock | Additional paid-in capital | Retained earnings | Accumulated other comprehensive loss | Treasury stock | Total
Balance at Dec. 31, 2021 | $ | 16,129 |  |  |  | $ | 324,419 |  | $ | 27,941 |  | $ | 7,459,380 |  | $ | (97,216) |  | $ | (5,194,618) |  | $ | 2,519,906 |
Net income | 424 |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | 265,803 |  | — |  | — |  | 265,803 |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax | — |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (13,812) |  | — |  | (13,812) |
Total comprehensive income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 251,991 |
Dividends declared: $0.19 per share | — |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | (42,331) |  | — |  | — |  | (42,331) |
Company stock 401(k) contribution | — |  |  |  | — |  | (6,326) |  | (16,084) |  | — |  | 32,339 |  | 9,929 |
Stock-based awards activity | — |  |  |  | — |  | (11,570) |  | (83,120) |  | — |  | 79,234 |  | (15,456) |
Stock-based compensation | — |  |  |  | — |  | 17,209 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 17,209 |
Adjustment of redeemable noncontrolling interest to redemption value | 212 |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | (212) |  | — |  | — |  | (212) |
Other activity | — |  |  |  | — |  | 687 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 687 |
Balance at June 30, 2022 | $ | 16,765 |  |  |  | $ | 324,419 |  | $ | 27,941 |  | $ | 7,583,436 |  | $ | (111,028) |  | $ | (5,083,045) |  | $ | 2,741,723 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
9

TEGNA Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1 – Basis of presentation, merger agreement and accounting policies
Basis of presentation: Our accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for interim financial reporting, the instructions for Form 10-Q and Article 10 of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all information and footnotes which are normally included in the Form 10-K and annual report to shareholders. In our opinion, the condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments of a normal recurring nature necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods presented. The condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our (or TEGNA’s) audited consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.
The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. We use the best information available in developing significant estimates inherent in our financial statements. Actual results could differ from these estimates, and these differences resulting from changes in facts and circumstances could be material. Significant estimates include, but are not limited to, evaluation of goodwill and other intangible assets for impairment, fair value measurements, post-retirement benefit plans, income taxes including deferred taxes, and contingencies. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of subsidiaries we control. We eliminate all intercompany balances, transactions, and profits in consolidation. Investments in entities over which we have significant influence, but do not have control, are accounted for under the equity method. Our share of net earnings and losses from these ventures is included in “Equity loss in unconsolidated investments, net” in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
We operate one operating and reportable segment, which primarily consists of our 64 television stations and two radio stations operating in 51 markets, providing high-quality television programming and digital content. Our reportable segment determination is based on our management and internal reporting structure, the nature of products and services we offer, and the financial information that is evaluated regularly by our chief operating decision maker.
Merger Agreement: On February 22, 2022, we entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (as amended, the Merger Agreement), with Teton Parent Corp., a newly formed Delaware corporation (Parent), Teton Merger Corp., a newly formed Delaware corporation and an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (Merger Sub), and solely for purposes of certain provisions specified therein, other subsidiaries of Parent, certain affiliates of Standard General L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (Standard General) and CMG Media Corporation, a Delaware corporation (CMG), and certain of its subsidiaries.
On May 22, 2023, after a protracted regulatory review, we terminated the Merger Agreement in accordance with its terms. Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, Parent was required to pay us a $136.0 million fee as a result of this termination. In lieu of cash payment for the termination fee, we agreed to accept from Parent 8.6 million shares of the Company’s common stock, which Parent transferred to the Company on June 1, 2023, and which was recorded as an increase to our Treasury stock. The $136.0 million termination fee was recorded as an operating item within our Consolidated Statement of Income and Consolidated Statement of Cash flow. Approximately $9.9 million of the termination fee was contractually due to one of the Company’s professional advisors. This expense was recorded within “Corporate - General and Administrative expenses” within our Consolidated Statement of Income.
Accounting guidance adopted in 2023: We did not adopt any new accounting guidance in 2023 that had a material impact on our consolidated financial statements or disclosures.
New accounting guidance not yet adopted: There are currently no issued accounting standards not yet adopted that we expect to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements or disclosures.
Trade receivables and allowances for doubtful accounts: Trade receivables are recorded at invoiced amounts and generally do not bear interest. The allowance for doubtful accounts reflects our estimate of credit exposure, determined principally on the basis of our collection experience, aging of our receivables and any specific reserves needed for certain customers based on their credit risk. Our allowance also takes into account expected future trends which may impact our customers’ ability to pay, such as economic growth (or declines), unemployment and demand for our products and services. We monitor the credit quality of our customers and their ability to pay through the use of analytics and communication with individual customers. As of June 30, 2023, our allowance for doubtful accounts was $4.2 million as compared to $3.7 million as of December 31, 2022.
10

Programming assets: We are party to programming contracts which provide us with rights to broadcast syndicated programs, original series and films. These contracts are recorded at the gross amount of the related liability when the programs are available for telecasting. The related assets are recorded at the lower of cost or estimated net realizable value. Programming assets are classified as current (within Prepaid expenses and other current assets) or noncurrent (within Investments and other assets) in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, based on when the programming is expected to air. Expense is recognized on a straight line basis which appropriately matches the cost of the programs with the revenues associated with them.
We evaluate the net realizable value of our programming asset when a triggering event occurs, such as a change in our intended usage, or sustained lower than expected ratings for the program. We determine the net realizable value based on a projection of the estimated revenues less projected direct costs associated with the programming. If the future direct costs exceed expected revenues, impairment of the program asset may be required. In the second quarter of 2023, we recognized an impairment charge of $3.4 million related to certain programming assets. The impairment was recorded in the “Asset impairment and other” line item of the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Redeemable Noncontrolling interest: Our Premion business operates an advertising network for over-the-top (OTT) streaming and connected television platforms. In March 2020, we sold a minority interest in Premion to an affiliate of Gray Television (Gray) and entered into a commercial reselling agreement with the affiliate. During the first quarter of 2023, we entered into a multi-year extension of the reselling agreement with Gray. Gray’s investment allows it to sell its interest to Premion if there is a change in control of TEGNA or if the commercial agreement terminates. Since redemption of the minority ownership interest is outside our control, Gray’s equity interest is presented outside of the Equity section on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets in the caption “Redeemable noncontrolling interest.”
Treasury Stock: We account for treasury stock under the cost method. When treasury stock is re-issued at a price higher than its cost, the difference is recorded as a component of additional paid-in-capital (APIC) in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. When treasury stock is re-issued at a price lower than its cost, the difference is recorded as a component of APIC to the extent that there are previously recorded gains to offset the losses. If there are no treasury stock gains in APIC, the losses upon re-issuance of treasury stock are recorded as a reduction of retained earnings in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Accelerated share repurchase program: On June 2, 2023, we entered into an accelerated share repurchase (ASR) program with JPMorgan Chase Bank, Nation al Association (JPMorgan). Under the terms of the ASR, we repurchased $300 million in TEGNA common shares from JPMorgan, with an initial delivery of approximately 15.2 million shares received on June 6, 2023, representing 80% ($240 million) of the value of the ASR contract. The final number of shares to be repurchased will be based on the average daily volume-weighted average price of TEGNA shares during the term of the ASR, less a discount and subject to customary adjustments pursuant to the terms of the ASR. At settlement, JPMorgan may be required to deliver additional shares of common stock to us, or under certain circumstances, we may be required to make a cash payment or deliver shares of common stock to JPMorgan. The final settlement of the ASR is expected to be completed by the end of the third quarter of 2023, subject to acceleration at JPMorgan’s discretion.
Revenue recognition: Revenue is recognized upon the transfer of control of promised services to our customers in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for those services. Revenue is recognized net of any taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities. Amounts received from customers in advance of providing services to our customers are recorded as deferred revenue.
The primary sources of our revenues are: 1) subscription revenues, reflecting fees paid by satellite, cable, OTT (companies that deliver video content to consumers over the Internet) and telecommunications providers to carry our television signals on their systems; 2) advertising & marketing services revenues, which include local and national non-political television advertising, digital marketing services (including Premion), advertising on the stations’ websites, tablet and mobile products, and OTT apps; 3) political advertising revenues, which are driven by even-year election cycles at the local and national level (e.g. 2024, 2022, etc.) and particularly in the second half of those years; and 4) other services, such as production of programming, tower rentals and distribution of our local news content.
11

Revenue earned by these sources in the second quarter and first six months of 2023 and 2022 are shown below (amounts in thousands):

| Quarter ended June 30, |  | Six months ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Subscription | $ | 396,126 |  |  | $ | 389,079 |  |  | $ | 810,406 |  |  | $ | 780,733 |
Advertising & Marketing Services | 317,726 |  |  | 335,259 |  |  | 625,571 |  |  | 689,726 |
Political | 5,991 |  |  | 50,858 |  |  | 11,282 |  |  | 68,823 |
Other | 11,663 |  |  | 9,685 |  |  | 24,574 |  |  | 19,722 |
Total revenues | $ | 731,506 |  |  | $ | 784,881 |  |  | $ | 1,471,833 |  |  | $ | 1,559,004 |

NOTE 2 – Goodwill and other intangible assets
The following table displays goodwill, indefinite-lived intangible assets, and amortizable intangible assets as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

| June 30, 2023 |  | Dec. 31, 2022
| Gross |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Gross |  | Accumulated Amortization
Goodwill | $ | 2,981,587 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,981,587 |  |  | $ | — |
Indefinite-lived intangibles: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Television and radio station FCC broadcast licenses | 2,124,731 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,123,898 |  |  | — |
Amortizable intangible assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retransmission agreements | 113,621 |  |  | (84,747) |  |  | 224,827 |  |  | (184,796) |
Network affiliation agreements | 309,503 |  |  | (133,250) |  |  | 309,503 |  |  | (121,664) |
Other | 71,190 |  |  | (45,487) |  |  | 71,465 |  |  | (41,627) |
Total indefinite-lived and amortizable intangible assets | $ | 2,619,045 |  |  | $ | (263,484) |  |  | $ | 2,729,693 |  |  | $ | (348,087) |

Our retransmission agreements and network affiliation agreements are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Other intangibles primarily include distribution agreements from our multicast networks acquisition, which are also amortized on a straight-line basis ov er their useful lives. In 2023, gross retransmission agreement intangible assets and associated accumulated amortization decreased by $111.2 million, due to certain retransmission intangible assets reaching the end of their useful lives.
NOTE 3 – Investments and other assets
Our investments and other assets consisted of the following as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands):

| June 30, 2023 |  | Dec. 31, 2022
Cash value insurance | $ | 50,300 |  |  | $ | 48,919 |
Equity method investments | 16,810 |  |  | 17,003 |
Other equity investments | 20,158 |  |  | 20,158 |
Deferred debt issuance costs | 450 |  |  | 2,232 |
Long-term contract assets | 11,881 |  |  | 14,135 |
Other long-term assets | 19,240 |  |  | 24,047 |
Total | $ | 118,839 |  |  | $ | 126,494 |

12

Cash value life insurance: We are the beneficiary of life insurance policies on the lives of certain employees/retirees, which are recorded at their cash surrender value as determined by the insurance carrier. These policies are utilized as a partial funding source for deferred compensation and other non-qualified employee retirement plans. Gains and losses on these investments are included in “Other non-operating items, net” within our Consolidated Statement of Income and were not material for all periods presented.
Other equity investments: Represents investments in non-public businesses that do not have readily determinable pricing, and for which we do not have control or do not exert significant influence. These investments are recorded at cost less impairments, if any, plus or minus changes in observable prices for those investments.
Deferred debt issuance costs: These costs consist of amounts paid to lenders related to our revolving credit facility. Debt issuance costs paid for our unsecured notes are accounted for as a reduction in the debt obligation.
Long-term contract assets: These amounts primarily consist of an asset related to a long-term services agreement for IT security.
NOTE 4 – Long-term debt
Our long-term debt is summarized below (in thousands):

| June 30, 2023 |  | Dec. 31, 2022
Unsecured notes bearing fixed rate interest at 4.75% due March 2026 | $ | 550,000 |  |  | $ | 550,000 |
Unsecured notes bearing fixed rate interest at 7.75% due June 2027 | 200,000 |  |  | 200,000 |
Unsecured notes bearing fixed rate interest at 7.25% due September 2027 | 240,000 |  |  | 240,000 |
Unsecured notes bearing fixed rate interest at 4.625% due March 2028 | 1,000,000 |  |  | 1,000,000 |
Unsecured notes bearing fixed rate interest at 5.00% due September 2029 | 1,100,000 |  |  | 1,100,000 |
Total principal long-term debt | 3,090,000 |  |  | 3,090,000 |
Debt issuance costs | (24,616) |  |  | (26,911) |
Unamortized premiums | 5,642 |  |  | 6,227 |
Total long-term debt | $ | 3,071,026 |  |  | $ | 3,069,316 |

As of June 30, 2023, cash and cash equivalents totaled $489.4 million and we had unused borrowing capacity of $1.49 billion under our $1.51 billion revolving credit facility, which expires in August 2024. We were in compliance with all covenants, including the leverage ratio (our one financial covenant) contained in our debt agreements and revolving credit facility. We believe, based on our current financial forecasts and trends, that we will remain compliant with all covenants for the foreseeable future.
Under our revolving credit facility we have the ability to draw loans based on two different interest rate indices, one of which was previously based on the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR). During the second quarter of 2023, we amended our revolving credit facility to replace the LIBOR-based interest rate index, which was phased out, with a Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) based interest rate index. The transition from LIBOR to SOFR did not have a material impact on the Company.
13

NOTE 5 – Retirement plans
We have various defined benefit retirement plans. Our principal defined benefit pension plan is the TEGNA Retirement Plan (TRP). The total net pension obligations, including both current and non-current liabilities, as of June 30, 2023, were $79.0 million, of which $5.6 million is recorded as a current obligation within accrued liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Pension costs (income), which primarily include costs for the qualified TRP and the non-qualified TEGNA Supplemental Retirement Plan, are presented in the following table (in thousands):

| Quarter ended June 30, |  | Six months ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Interest cost on benefit obligation | $ | 6,116 |  |  | $ | 4,241 |  |  | 12,266 |  |  | 8,541 |
Expected return on plan assets | (5,245) |  |  | (4,851) |  |  | (10,470) |  |  | (9,751) |
Amortization of prior service credit | (107) |  |  | (117) |  |  | (232) |  |  | (242) |
Amortization of actuarial loss | 1,434 |  |  | 1,202 |  |  | 3,009 |  |  | 2,302 |
Expense from company-sponsored retirement plans | $ | 2,198 |  |  | $ | 475 |  |  | $ | 4,573 |  |  | $ | 850 |

Benefits no longer accrue for TRP and SERP participants as a result of amendments to the plans in past years, and as such we no longer incur a service cost component of pension expense. All other components of our pension expense presented above are included within the “Other non-operating items, net” line item of the Consolidated Statements of Income.
During the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, we did not make any cash contributions to the TRP. We made benefit payments to participants of the SERP of $1.9 million during the six month periods ended June 30, 2023 and 2022. Based on actuarial projections and funding levels, we do not expect to make any cash payments to the TRP in 2023. We expect to make additional cash payments of $3.0 million to our SERP participants during the remainder of 2023.
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NOTE 6 – Accumulated other comprehensive loss
The following table summarizes the components of, and the changes in, Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (AOCL), net of tax (in thousands):

| Retirement Plans |  | Foreign Currency Translation |  | Available-For-Sale Investment |  | Total
Quarters ended: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at Mar. 31, 2023 | $ | (124,987) |  |  | $ | 532 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (124,455) |
Amounts reclassified from AOCL | 988 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 988 |
Total other comprehensive income | 988 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 988 |
Balance at June 30, 2023 | $ | (123,999) |  |  | $ | 532 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (123,467) |
Balance at Mar. 31, 2022 | $ | (112,366) |  |  | $ | 532 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (111,834) |
Amounts reclassified from AOCL | 806 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 806 |
Total other comprehensive income | 806 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 806 |
Balance at June 30, 2022 | $ | (111,560) |  |  | $ | 532 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (111,028) |
| Retirement Plans |  | Foreign Currency Translation |  | Available-For-Sale Investment |  | Total
Six Months Ended: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at Dec. 31, 2022 | $ | (126,065) |  |  | $ | 532 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (125,533) |
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications | 2,066 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,066 |
Total other comprehensive income (loss) | 2,066 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,066 |
Balance at June 30, 2023 | $ | (123,999) |  |  | $ | 532 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (123,467) |
Balance at Dec. 31, 2021 | $ | (113,090) |  |  | $ | 455 |  |  | $ | 15,419 |  |  | $ | (97,216) |
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications | — |  |  | 77 |  |  | — |  |  | 77 |
Amounts reclassified from AOCL | 1,530 |  |  | — |  |  | (15,419) |  |  | (13,889) |
Total other comprehensive income | 1,530 |  |  | 77 |  |  | (15,419) |  |  | (13,812) |
Balance at June 30, 2022 | $ | (111,560) |  |  | $ | 532 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (111,028) |

Reclassifications from AOCL to the Consolidated Statements of Income are comprised of recognition of a realized gain on an available-for-sale investment as well as pension and other post-retirement components. Pension and other post retirement reclassifications are related to the amortizations of prior service costs and actuarial losses. Amounts reclassified out of AOCL are summarized below (in thousands):

| Quarter ended June 30, |  | Six months ended June 30, |
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |
Amortization of prior service credit, net | $ | (107) |  |  | $ | (123) |  |  | $ | (232) |  |  | $ | (248) |  |
Amortization of actuarial loss | 1,434 |  |  | 1,208 |  |  | 3,009 |  |  | 2,309 |  |
Realized gain on available-for-sale investment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (20,800) |  |
Total reclassifications, before tax | 1,327 |  |  | 1,085 |  |  | 2,777 |  |  | (18,739) |  |
Income tax effect | (339) |  |  | (279) |  |  | (711) |  |  | 4,850 |  |
Total reclassifications, net of tax | $ | 988 |  |  | $ | 806 |  |  | $ | 2,066 |  |  | $ | (13,889) |  |

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NOTE 7 – Earnings per share
Our earnings per share (basic and diluted) are presented below (in thousands, except per share amounts):

| Quarter ended June 30, |  | Six months ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Net Income | $ | 200,093 |  |  | $ | 131,940 |  |  | $ | 304,097 |  |  | $ | 266,227 |
Net loss (income) attributable to the noncontrolling interest | 12 |  |  | (371) |  |  | 311 |  |  | (424) |
Adjustment of redeemable noncontrolling interest to redemption value | (364) |  |  | 36 |  |  | (999) |  |  | (212) |
Earnings available to common shareholders | $ | 199,741 |  |  | $ | 131,605 |  |  | $ | 303,409 |  |  | $ | 265,591 |
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic | 217,830 |  |  | 223,675 |  |  | 221,168 |  |  | 223,197 |
Effect of dilutive securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restricted stock units | 64 |  |  | 466 |  |  | 126 |  |  | 393 |
Performance shares | 85 |  |  | 348 |  |  | 97 |  |  | 277 |
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - diluted | 217,979 |  |  | 224,489 |  |  | 221,391 |  |  | 223,867 |
Earnings per share - basic | $ | 0.92 |  |  | $ | 0.59 |  |  | $ | 1.37 |  |  | $ | 1.19 |
Earnings per share - diluted | $ | 0.92 |  |  | $ | 0.59 |  |  | $ | 1.37 |  |  | $ | 1.19 |

Our calculation of diluted earnings per share includes the dilutive effects for the assumed vesting of outstanding restricted stock units and performance shares.
NOTE 8 – Fair value measurement
We measure and record certain assets and liabilities at fair value in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements. U.S. GAAP establishes a hierarchy for those instruments measured at fair value that distinguishes between market data (observable inputs) and our own assumptions (unobservable inputs). The hierarchy consists of three levels:
Level 1 - Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
Level 2 - Inputs other than Level 1 inputs that are either directly or indirectly observable; and
Level 3 - Unobservable inputs developed using our own estimates and assumptions, which reflect those that a market participant would use.
In the second quarter of 2023 we recognized an impairment charge of $3.4 million, in “Asset impairment and other” within our Consolidated Statement of Income, related to certain programming assets. The fair value was determined based on a projection of the estimated revenues less projected direct costs associated with the programming (which is classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy).
In the first quarter of 2022, we recorded a $2.5 million impairment charge, in “Other non-operating items, net” within our Consolidated Statement of Income, due to the decline in the fair value of one of our investments. The fair value was determined using a market approach which was based on significant inputs not observable in the market, and thus represented a Level 3 fair value measurement.
We also hold other financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, receivables, accounts payable and debt. The carrying amounts for cash and cash equivalents, receivables and accounts payable approximated their fair values. The fair value of our total debt, based on the bid and ask quotes for the related debt (Level 2), totaled $2.79 billion at June 30, 2023, and $2.95 billion at December 31, 2022.
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NOTE 9 – Other matters
Litigation
In the third quarter of 2018, certain national media outlets reported the existence of a confidential investigation by the United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division (DOJ) into the local television advertising sales practices of station owners. We received a Civil Investigative Demand (CID) in connection with the DOJ’s investigation. On November 13 and December 13, 2018, the DOJ and seven other broadcasters settled a DOJ complaint alleging the exchange of competitively sensitive information in the broadcast television industry. In June 2019, we and four other broadcasters entered into a substantially identical agreement with DOJ, which was entered by the court on December 3, 2019. The settlement contains no finding of wrongdoing or liability and carries no penalty. It prohibits us and the other settling entities from sharing certain confidential business information, or using such information pertaining to other broadcasters, except under limited circumstances. The settlement also requires the settling parties to make certain enhancements to their antitrust compliance programs, to continue to cooperate with the DOJ’s investigation, and to permit DOJ to verify compliance. The costs of compliance have not been material, nor do we expect future compliance costs to be material.
Since the national media reports, numerous putative class action lawsuits were filed against owners of television stations (the Advertising Cases) in different jurisdictions. Plaintiffs are a class consisting of all persons and entities in the United States who paid for all or a portion of advertisement time on local television provided by the defendants. The Advertising Cases assert antitrust and other claims and seek monetary damages, attorneys’ fees, costs and interest, as well as injunctions against the allegedly wrongful conduct.
These cases were consolidated into a single proceeding in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, captioned In re: Local TV Advertising Antitrust Litigation on October 3, 2018. At the court’s direction, plaintiffs filed an amended complaint on April 3, 2019, that superseded the original complaints. Although we were named as a defendant in sixteen of the original complaints, the amended complaint did not name TEGNA as a defendant. After TEGNA and four other broadcasters entered into consent decrees with the DOJ in June 2019, the plaintiffs sought leave from the court to further amend the complaint to add TEGNA and the other settling broadcasters to the proceeding. The court granted the plaintiffs’ motion, and the plaintiffs filed the second amended complaint on September 9, 2019. On October 8, 2019, the defendants jointly filed a motion to dismiss the matter. On November 6, 2020, the court denied the motion to dismiss. On March 16, 2022, the plaintiffs filed a third amended complaint, which, among other things, added ShareBuilders, Inc., as a named defendant. ShareBuilders filed a motion to dismiss on April 15, 2022, which was granted by the court without prejudice on August 29, 2022. TEGNA has filed its answer to the third amended complaint denying any violation of law and asserting various affirmative defenses.
On May 26, 2023, plaintiffs moved for preliminary approval of settlements with four co-defendants – CBS Corp (n/k/a Paramount Global), Fox Corp., certain Cox entities (including Cox Media Group, LLC, Cox Enterprises, Inc., CMG Media Corporation and Cox Reps, Inc.) and ShareBuilders, Inc. Although ShareBuilders prevailed on its motion to dismiss the case, as noted above, because the court had dismissed the claims without prejudice ShareBuilders entered into a zero dollar settlement with the plaintiffs in order to ensure that the plaintiffs do not re-file the claims in the future. In exchange for a release of plaintiffs’ claims against them, the settling defendants, among other things, collectively agreed to pay $48 million, while expressly denying any liability or wrongdoing. The Court is in the process of reviewing the proposed settlements and related notice program to determine whether they are fair to the proposed settlement class, the settling defendants, and the non-settling defendants. A hearing on final approval of the settlements is currently scheduled for October 17, 2023.
Discovery in the Advertising Cases is ongoing. We believe that the claims asserted in the Advertising Cases are without merit, and intend to defend vigorously against them.
As o f August 3, 2023, six out of seven lawsuits that were filed by purported TEGNA stockholders in connection with the Merger have been vo luntarily dismissed. The remaining lawsuit, like the others that were dismissed, was filed against TEGNA and the current members of the Board of Directors of TEGNA. The complaint generally alleges that the preliminary proxy statement filed by TEGNA with the SEC on March 25, 2022 in connection with the Merger contained alleged material misstatements and/or omissions in violation of federal law. Plaintiff generally seeks, among other things, to enjoin TEGNA from consummating the Merger, or in the alternative, rescission of the Merger and/or compensatory damages, as well as attorneys’ fees.
In addition, as of August 3, 2023, TEGNA received four demand letters from purported TEGNA shareholders in connection with TEGNA’s filing of a definitive proxy statement with the SEC on April 13, 2022 relating to the Merger (the “definitive proxy statement”). Each letter alleged deficiencies in the definitive proxy statement that were similar to the deficiencies alleged in the remaining complaint referenced above.
We believe that the claims asserted in the remaining complaint and letters described above are without merit and are moot in light of TEGNA’s termination of the Merger agreement. Moreover, although we believe that no additional disclosures were or are required under applicable law, TEGNA, without admitting any liability or wrongdoing, voluntarily made supplemental disclosures to the definitive proxy statement as described in the Form 8-K filed by TEGNA with the SEC on May 9, 2022. Notwithstanding TEGNA’s termination of the Merger Agreement, additional lawsuits arising out of the Merger could also be filed in the future.
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We, along with a number of our subsidiaries, also are defendants in other judicial and administrative proceedings involving matters incidental to our business. We do not believe that any material liability will be imposed as a result of any of the foregoing matters.
Related Party Transactions
We have equity investments in MadHive, Inc. (MadHive) which is a related party of TEGNA. We also have a commercial agreement with MadHive, under which MadHive supports our Premion business in acquiring over-the-top advertising inventory and delivering corresponding advertising impressions. In the second quarter and first six months of 2023, we incurred expenses of $24.0 million and $49.1 million, respectively, as a result of the commercial agreement with MadHive. In the second quarter and first six months of 2022, we incurred expenses of $29.9 million and $55.9 million, respectively, as a result of the commercial agreement with MadHive. As of June 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022 we had accounts payable and accrued liabilities associated with the MadHive commercial agreements of $6.6 million an d $10.0 million, respectively.
In December 2021, we renewed two commercial agreements with MadHive. Simultaneously with the commercial agreement renewals, we also amended the terms of our then outstanding available-for-sale convertible debt security investment. In exchange for the convertible debt modifications, we received favorable terms in our renewed commercial agreements. We estimated the fair value of our available-for-sale security at December 31, 2021 using a market fair value approach based on the cash we expect to receive upon maturity of the note and the estimated cash savings that the favorable contract terms will provide over the term of the commercial agreements. In January 2022, we recorded an intangible contract asset for $20.8 million (equal to the estimated cash savings), and are amortizing this asset on a straight-line basis over the noncancellable term of the commercial agreements of two years. This non-cash expense is recorded within “Cost of revenues,” within our Consolidated Statement of Income. The debt matured in June 2022 at which time the principal balance of $3.0 million plus accrued interest was paid to us.
In the second quarter of 2023, we further extended the terms of our commercial agreement with MadHive for an additional two years, through December 31, 2025.
NOTE 10 - Subsequent events
In July 2023, we sold a portion of our MadHive investment for $26.4 million, which reduced our ownership in MadHive to 19% on a fully diluted basis.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Company Overview
We are an innovative media company serving the greater good of our communities. Across platforms, we tell empowering stories, conduct impactful investigations and deliver innovative marketing services. With 64 television stations and two radio stations in 51 U.S. markets, we are the largest owner of top four network affiliates in the top 25 markets among independent station groups, reaching approximately 39% of all U.S. television households. We also own leading multicast networks True Crime Network, Twist and Quest. Each television station also has a robust digital presence across online, mobile, connected television and social platforms, reaching consumers on all devices and platforms they use to consume news content. We have been consistently honored with the industry’s top awards, including Edward R. Murrow, George Polk, Alfred I. DuPont and Emmy Awards. Through TEGNA Marketing Solutions (TMS), our integrated sales and back-end fulfillment operations, we deliver results for advertisers across television, digital and over-the-top (OTT) platforms, including Premion, our OTT advertising network.
We have one operating and reportable segment. The primary sources of our revenues are: 1) subscription revenues, reflecting fees paid by satellite, cable, OTT (companies that deliver video content to consumers over the Internet) and telecommunications providers to carry our television signals on their systems; 2) advertising & marketing services (AMS) revenues, which include local and national non-political television advertising, digital marketing services (including Premion), and advertising on the stations’ websites, tablet and mobile products and OTT apps; 3) political advertising revenues, which are driven by even year election cycles at the local and national level (e.g. 2024, 2022, etc.) and particularly in the second half of those years; and 4) other services, such as production of programming, tower rentals, and distribution of our local news content.
Merger Agreement
On February 22, 2022, we entered into the Merger Agreement with Parent, Merger Sub, and solely for purposes of certain provisions specified therein, other subsidiaries of Parent, certain affiliates of Standard General and CMG, and certain of its subsidiaries.
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On May 22, 2023, after a protracted regulatory review, we terminated the Merger Agreement in accordance with its terms. Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, Parent was required to pay us a $136.0 million fee as a result of this termination. In lieu of cash payment for the termination fee, we agreed to accept from Parent 8.6 million shares of the Company’s common stock, which Parent transferred to the Company on June 1, 2023.
Consolidated Results from Operations
The following discussion is a comparison of our consolidated results on a GAAP basis. The year-to-year comparison of financial results is not necessarily indicative of future results. In addition, see the section titled “Results from Operations - Non-GAAP Information” for additional tables presenting information which supplements our financial information provided on a GAAP basis.
Our operating results are subject to significant fluctuations across yearly periods (primarily driven by even-year political election cycles). As such, in addition to prior year comparisons, our management team and Board of Directors also review current period operating results compared to the same periods two years ago (e.g., 2023 vs. 2021). We believe these additional comparisons provide useful information to investors and therefore have supplemented our prior year comparison of consolidated results to also include a comparison against the second quarter and six months ended June 30, 2021 results (through operating income).
In recent years, our business has evolved toward generating more recurring and highly profitable revenue streams, driven by the increased contribution of political and subscription revenue streams as a percentage of our total revenue. Such revenues have been a majority of our overall revenue the past few years and we expect this to continue.
Our consolidated results of operations on a GAAP basis were as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

| Quarter ended June 30, |  | Six months ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | Change from 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change from 2021 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | Change from 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change from 2021
Revenues | $ | 731,506 |  |  | $ | 784,881 |  |  | (7 | %) |  | $ | 732,908 |  |  | 0 | % |  | $ | 1,471,833 |  |  | $ | 1,559,004 |  |  | (6 | %) |  | $ | 1,459,959 |  |  | 1 | %
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of revenues | 430,528 |  |  | 420,235 |  |  | 2 | % |  | 397,118 |  |  | 8 | % |  | 857,460 |  |  | 831,685 |  |  | 3 | % |  | 791,810 |  |  | 8 | %
Business units - Selling, general and administrative expenses | 97,231 |  |  | 99,585 |  |  | (2 | %) |  | 96,949 |  |  | 0 | % |  | 196,340 |  |  | 201,554 |  |  | (3 | %) |  | 186,275 |  |  | 5 | %
Corporate - General and administrative expenses | 26,506 |  |  | 13,612 |  |  | 95 | % |  | 23,183 |  |  | 14 | % |  | 38,606 |  |  | 34,932 |  |  | 11 | % |  | 40,053 |  |  | (4 | %)
Depreciation | 14,987 |  |  | 15,534 |  |  | (4 | %) |  | 15,838 |  |  | (5 | %) |  | 30,036 |  |  | 30,839 |  |  | (3 | %) |  | 31,734 |  |  | (5 | %)
Amortization of intangible assets | 13,296 |  |  | 14,999 |  |  | (11 | %) |  | 15,773 |  |  | (16 | %) |  | 26,878 |  |  | 29,999 |  |  | (10 | %) |  | 31,533 |  |  | (15 | %)
Asset impairment and other | 3,359 |  |  | (105) |  |  | *** |  | (1,475) |  |  | *** |  | 3,359 |  |  | (163) |  |  | *** |  | (2,898) |  |  | ***
Merger termination fee | (136,000) |  |  | — |  |  | *** |  | — |  |  | *** |  | (136,000) |  |  | — |  |  | *** |  | — |  |  | ***
Total operating expenses | $ | 449,907 |  |  | $ | 563,860 |  |  | (20 | %) |  | $ | 547,386 |  |  | (18 | %) |  | $ | 1,016,679 |  |  | $ | 1,128,846 |  |  | (10 | %) |  | $ | 1,078,507 |  |  | (6 | %)
Total operating income | $ | 281,599 |  |  | $ | 221,021 |  |  | 27 | % |  | $ | 185,522 |  |  | 52 | % |  | $ | 455,154 |  |  | $ | 430,158 |  |  | 6 | % |  | $ | 381,452 |  |  | 19 | %
Non-operating expenses | (37,299) |  |  | (45,051) |  |  | (17 | %) |  | (47,682) |  |  | (22 | %) |  | (75,031) |  |  | (75,163) |  |  | 0 | % |  | (95,166) |  |  | (21 | %)
Provision for income taxes | 44,207 |  |  | 44,030 |  |  | 0 | % |  | 30,986 |  |  | 43 | % |  | 76,026 |  |  | 88,768 |  |  | (14 | %) |  | 66,600 |  |  | 14 | %
Net income | 200,093 |  |  | 131,940 |  |  | 52 | % |  | 106,854 |  |  | 87 | % |  | 304,097 |  |  | 266,227 |  |  | 14 | % |  | 219,686 |  |  | 38 | %
Net loss (income) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest | 12 |  |  | (371) |  |  | *** |  | (227) |  |  | *** |  | 311 |  |  | (424) |  |  | *** |  | (442) |  |  | ***
Net income attributable to TEGNA Inc. | $ | 200,105 |  |  | $ | 131,569 |  |  | 52 | % |  | $ | 106,627 |  |  | 88 | % |  | $ | 304,408 |  |  | $ | 265,803 |  |  | 15 | % |  | $ | 219,244 |  |  | 39 | %
Earnings per share - basic | $ | 0.92 |  |  | $ | 0.59 |  |  | 56 | % |  | $ | 0.48 |  |  | 92 | % |  | $ | 1.37 |  |  | $ | 1.19 |  |  | 15 | % |  | $ | 0.99 |  |  | 38 | %
Earnings per share - diluted | $ | 0.92 |  |  | $ | 0.59 |  |  | 56 | % |  | $ | 0.48 |  |  | 92 | % |  | $ | 1.37 |  |  | $ | 1.19 |  |  | 15 | % |  | $ | 0.99 |  |  | 38 | %
*** Not meaningful |  |  |  |

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Revenues
Our Subscription revenue category includes revenue earned from cable and satellite providers for the right to carry our signals and the distribution of TEGNA stations on OTT streaming services. Our AMS category includes all sources of our traditional television advertising and digital revenues including Premion and other digital advertising and marketing revenues across our platforms.
Our revenues and operating results are subject to seasonal fluctuations. Generally, our second and fourth quarter revenues and operating results are stronger than those we report for the first and third quarter. This is driven by the second quarter reflecting increased spring seasonal advertising, while the fourth quarter typically includes increased advertising related to the holiday season. In addition, our revenue and operating results are subject to significant fluctuations across yearly periods resulting from political advertising. In even numbered years, political spending is usually significantly higher than in odd numbered years due to advertising for the local, state and national elections. Additionally, every four years, we typically experience even greater increases in political advertising in connection with the presidential election. The strong demand for advertising from political advertisers in these even years can result in the significant use of our available inventory (leading to a “crowd out” effect), which can diminish our AMS revenue in the even year of a two year election cycle, particularly in the fourth quarter of those years.
The following table summarizes the year-over-year changes in our revenue categories (in thousands):

| Quarter ended June 30, |  | Six months ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | Change from 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change from 2021 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | Change from 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Change from 2021
Subscription | $ | 396,126 |  |  | $ | 389,079 |  |  | 2 | % |  | $ | 375,081 |  |  | 6 | % |  | $ | 810,406 |  |  | $ | 780,733 |  |  | 4 | % |  | $ | 761,818 |  |  | 6 | %
Advertising & Marketing Services | 317,726 |  |  | 335,259 |  |  | (5) | % |  | 340,889 |  |  | (7) | % |  | 625,571 |  |  | 689,726 |  |  | (9) | % |  | 663,723 |  |  | (6) | %
Political | 5,991 |  |  | 50,858 |  |  | (88) | % |  | 9,581 |  |  | (37) | % |  | 11,282 |  |  | 68,823 |  |  | (84) | % |  | 19,009 |  |  | (41) | %
Other | 11,663 |  |  | 9,685 |  |  | 20 | % |  | 7,357 |  |  | 59 | % |  | 24,574 |  |  | 19,722 |  |  | 25 | % |  | 15,409 |  |  | 59 | %
Total revenues | $ | 731,506 |  |  | $ | 784,881 |  |  | (7) | % |  | $ | 732,908 |  |  | 0 | % |  | $ | 1,471,833 |  |  | $ | 1,559,004 |  |  | (6) | % |  | $ | 1,459,959 |  |  | 1 | %

2023 vs. 2022
Total revenues decreased $53.4 million in the second quarter of 2023 and $87.2 million in the first six months of 2023 compared to the same periods in 2022. The net decreases were primarily due to decreases in political revenue ($44.9 million second quarter, $57.5 million first six months) due to the absence in 2023 of election primaries that occurred in 2022. Additionally, AMS revenue was down ($17.5 million second quarter, $64.2 million first six months) reflecting softer demand for advertising, particularly national, caused by continued macroeconomic headwinds as well as the loss of a large national account in our Premion business. The first six months was also impacted by the Winter Olympics and Super Bowl airing last year on NBC, our largest network affiliate partner. Partially offsetti ng these decreases was an increase in subscription revenue ($7.0 million second quarter, $29.7 million first six months) primarily due to annual rate increases under existing and newly renegotiated retransmission agreements, partially offset by declines in subscribers.
2023 vs. 2021
Total revenues decreased $1.4 million in the second quarter of 2023 and increased $11.9 million in the first six months of 2023 compared to the same periods in 2021. The net decrease for the quarter was primarily due to a $23.2 million decline in AMS revenue reflecting softer demand for advertising, particularly national, caused by continued macroeconomic headwinds. Partially offsetting this decline was a $21.0 million increase in subscription revenue mainly due to annual rate increases under existing and newly renegotiated retransmission agreements, partially offset by declines in subscribers. The first six months increase was primarily due to $48.6 million increase in subscription revenue due to the same drivers as the quarter comparison. Part ially offsetting this increase was a $38.2 million decline in AMS revenue also due to the same drivers as the quarter comparison.
Cost of revenues
2023 vs. 2022
Cost of revenues increased $10.3 million in the second quarter of 2023 and $25.8 million in the first six months of 2023 compared to the same periods in 2022. The increase was primarily due to growth in programming costs ($13.1 million second quarter, $28.4 million first six months) driven by rate increases under existing and newly renegotiated affiliation agreements.
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2023 vs. 2021
Cost of revenues increased $33.4 million in the second quarter of 2023 and $65.7 million in the first six months of 2023 compared to the same periods in 2021. The increase was primarily due to growth in programming costs ($24.1 million second quarter, $50.8 million first six months) driven by rate increases under existing and ne wly renegotiated affiliation agreements. Higher digital expenses ($4.8 million second quarter and first six months) a lso contributed to the increase.
Business units - Selling, general and administrative expenses
2023 vs. 2022
Business unit selling, general and administrative expenses decreased $2.4 million in the second quarter of 2023 and $5.2 million in the six months of 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. The d ecreases were primarily due to a lower stock-based compensation expense and a decrease in sales compensation driven by a decline in advertising revenue.
2023 vs. 2021
Business unit SG&A expenses increased $0.3 million in the second quarter of 2023 and $10.1 million in the six months of 2023 compared to the same periods in 2021. The increase was due in part to an absence of bad debt expense reversal that occurred in 2021 that did not recur in 2023 as well as an increase in payroll and benefit costs.
Corporate - General and administrative expenses
Our corporate costs are separated from our business expenses and are recorded as general and administrative expenses in our Consolidated Statement of Income. This category primarily consists of broad corporate management functions including Legal, Human Resources, and Finance, as well as activities and costs not directly attributable to the operations of our media business.
2023 vs. 2022
Corporate general and administrative expenses increased $12.9 million in the second quarter of 2023 and $3.7 million in the six months of 2023 compared to the same periods in 2022. The increases were primarily driven by an increase in M&A-related costs incurred in connection with the now terminated Merger ($12.9 million second quarter, $5.4 million first six months). Partially offsetting the M&A-related expense increases, stock-based compensation expense was lower in 2023 ($0.3 million second quarter, $1.8 million first six months) driven by a decline in our stock price.
2023 vs. 2021
Corporate general and administrative expenses increased $3.3 million in the second quarter of 2023 and decreased $1.4 million in the six months of 2023 compared to the same periods in 2021. The increase for the quarter was primarily driven by a $17.1 increase in M&A-related costs incurred in connection with the now terminated Merger, partially offset by the absence in 2023 of $12.0 million of advisory fees related to activism defense incurred in the second quarter of 2021 and a $0.5 million decline in stock-based compensation expense driven by a decline in our stock price. The decrease for the first six months is primarily due to the absence in 2023 of $16.6 million of advisory fees related to activism defense incurred in 2021 and a decline of $1.7 million in stock based compensation expense due to the decline in our stock price during the first six months of 2023. These declines were partially offset by a $19.8 million increase in M&A-related costs incurred in connection with the now terminated Merger.
Depreciation
2023 vs. 2022
Depreciation expense decreased by $0.5 million in the second quarter of 2023 and $0.8 million in the first six months of 2023 compared to the same periods in 2022. The decreases were due to certain assets reaching the end of their assumed useful lives.
2023 vs. 2021
Depreciation expense decreased by $0.9 million in the second quarter of 2023 and $1.7 million in the six months of 2023 compared to the same periods in 2021. The decreases were due to certain assets reaching the end of their assumed useful lives.
21

Amortization of intangible assets
2023 vs. 2022
Amortization expense decreased $1.7 million in the second quarter of 2023 and $3.1 million in the six months of 2023 compared to the same periods in 2022. The decreases were due to certain assets reaching the end of their assumed useful lives and therefore becoming fully amortized.
2023 vs. 2021
Amortization expense decreased $2.5 million in the second quarter of 2023 and $4.7 million in the six months of 2023 compared to the same periods in 2021. The decreases were due to certain assets reaching the end of their assumed useful lives and therefore becoming fully amortized.
Asset impairment and other
2023 vs. 2022
Asset impairment and other were $3.4 million in both the second quarter of 2023 and the first six months of 2023 compared to net gains of $0.1 million in the second quarter of 2022 and net gains of $0.2 million in the first six months of 2022. The 2023 activity was due to a $3.4 million impairment charge recognized on programming assets in the second quarter of 2023. The 2022 activity is related to reimbursements received from the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for required spectrum repacking.
2023 vs. 2021
Asset impairment and other expense was $3.4 million in the second quarter of 2023 and for the six months of 2023 compared to net gains of $1.5 million in the second quarter of 2022 and net gains of $2.9 million in the first six months of 2022. The 2023 activity relates to the item discussed above. The 2021 activity is primarily related to reimbursements from spectrum repacking ($3.0 million second quarter, $4.4 million first six months), partially offset by a $1.5 million contract
termination fee which impacted both the second quarter and first six months of 2021.
Merger termination fee
In the second quarter of 2023, we terminated the Merger Agreement. Per the terms of the Merger Agreement, the Parent was required to pay TEGNA a fee of $136.0 million as a result of this termination which was satisfied in TEGNA common stock and recorded as a reduction in operating expense.
Operating income
2023 vs. 2022
Operating income increased $60.6 million in the second quarter of 2023 and $25.0 million in the six months of 2023 compared to the same periods in 2022. The increase was driven by the $136.0 million Merger termination fee received in the second quarter of 2023, partially offset by declines in AMS and political revenues and an increase in programming costs.
2023 vs. 2021
Operating income increased $96.1 million in the second quarter of 2023 and $73.7 million in the six months of 2023 compared to the same periods in 2021. The increases were driven by the same factors impacting the 2023 vs. 2022 comparison discussed above.
Non-operating (expense) income
Non-operating expenses decreased $7.8 million in the second quarter of 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. This decrease was primarily due to an $8.0 million increase in interest income, primarily from interest earned on short-term time-deposit and money market investments.
In the first six months of 2023, non-operating expenses decreased $0.1 million compared to the same period in 2022. This decrease was primarily due to $15.5 million increase in interest income, primarily from interest earned on short-term time-deposit and money market investments and the absence of a $3.7 million loss from our CareerBuilder investment. Partially offsetting this decrease was the absence of a $20.8 million gain recognized on our available for sale investment in MadHive (see Note 9 to the condensed consolidated financial statements).
22

Provision for income taxes
Income tax expense increased $0.2 million in the second quarter of 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. The increase was primarily due to an increase in net income before tax partially offset by a decrease in the effective income tax rate. Income tax expense decreased $12.7 million in the first six months of 2023 compared to the same period in 2022. The decrease in the first six months was primarily due to a decrease in the effective income tax rate partially offset by an increase in net income before tax. Our effective income tax rate was 18.1% for the second quarter of 2023, compared to 25.1% for the second quarter of 2022. Our effective income tax rate was 20.0% for the first six months of 2023, compared to 25.0% for the same period in 2022. The tax rate for the second quarter and the first six months of 2023 is lower than the comparable rate in 2022 primarily due to the deduction of previously capitalized transaction costs resulting from the termination of the Merger Agreement and a portion of the Merger termination fee being treated as non-taxable. The effective income tax rate for the first six months of 2022 was also unfavorably impacted by a valuation allowance recorded on minority investments and nondeductible transaction costs. Partially offsetting these unfavorable impacts were tax benefits realized in 2022 from the utilization of capital loss carryforwards in connection with certain transactions and the release of the associated valuation allowance.
Net income attributable to TEGNA Inc.
Net income attributable to TEGNA Inc. was $200.1 million, or $0.92 per diluted share, in the second quarter of 2023 compared to $131.6 million, or $0.59 per diluted share, during the same period in 2022. For the first six months of 2023, net income attributable to TEGNA Inc. was $304.4 million, or $1.37 per diluted share, compared to $265.8 million, or $1.19 per diluted share, during the same period in 2022. Both income and earnings per share were affected by the factors discussed above.
The weighted average number of diluted common shares outstanding in the second quarter of 2023 and 2022 were 218.0 million and 224.5 million, respectively. The weighted average number of diluted shares outstanding in the first six months of 2023 and 2022 was 221.4 million and 223.9 million, respectively. The decline in the number of diluted shares outstanding is due to the receipt of 8.6 million shares to satisfy the merger termination fee and the receipt of 15.2 million shares under the accelerated share repurchase program, both of which occurred in the second quarter of 2023.
23

Results from Operations - Non-GAAP Information
Presentation of Non-GAAP information
We use non-GAAP financial performance measures to supplement the financial information presented on a GAAP basis. These non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, the related GAAP measures, nor should they be considered superior to the related GAAP measures, and should be read together with financial information presented on a GAAP basis. Also, our non-GAAP measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies.
Management and our Board of Directors use non-GAAP financial measures for purposes of evaluating company performance. Furthermore, the Leadership Development and Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors uses non-GAAP measures such as Adjusted EBITDA, non-GAAP net income, non-GAAP EPS and free cash flow to evaluate management’s performance. Therefore, we believe that each of the non-GAAP measures presented provides useful information to investors and other stakeholders by allowing them to view our business through the eyes of management and our Board of Directors, facilitating comparisons of results across historical periods and focus on the underlying ongoing operating performance of our business. We also believe these non-GAAP measures are frequently used by investors, securities analysts and other interested parties in their evaluation of our business and other companies in the broadcast industry.
We discuss in this Form 10-Q non-GAAP financial performance measures that exclude from our reported GAAP results the impact of “special items” which are described in detail below in the section titled “Discussion of Special Charges and Credits Affecting Reported Results.” We believe that such expenses and gains are not indicative of normal, ongoing operations. While these items should not be disregarded in evaluation of our earnings performance, it is useful to exclude such items when analyzing current results and trends compared to other periods as these items can vary significantly from period to period depending on specific underlying transactions or events that may occur. Therefore, while we may incur or recognize these types of expenses, charges and gains in the future, we believe that removing these items for purposes of calculating the non-GAAP financial measures provides investors with a more focused presentation of our ongoing operating performance.
We discuss Adjusted EBITDA (with and without corporate expenses), a non-GAAP financial performance measure that we believe offers a useful view of the overall operation of our businesses. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income attributable to TEGNA before (1) net loss (income) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest, (2) income taxes, (3) interest expense, (4) equity loss in unconsolidated investments, net, (5) other non-operating items, net, (6) the Merger termination fee, (7) M&A-related costs, (8) asset impairment and other, (9) depreciation and (10) amortization. We believe these adjustments facilitate company-to-company operating performance comparisons by removing potential differences caused by variations unrelated to operating performance, such as capital structures (interest expense), income taxes, and the age and book appreciation of property and equipment (and related depreciation expense). The most directly comparable GAAP financial measure to Adjusted EBITDA is Net income attributable to TEGNA. Users should consider the limitations of using Adjusted EBITDA, including the fact that this measure does not provide a complete measure of our operating performance. Adjusted EBITDA is not intended to purport to be an alternate to net income as a measure of operating performance or to cash flows from operating activities as a measure of liquidity. In particular, Adjusted EBITDA is not intended to be a measure of cash flow available for management’s discretionary expenditures, as this measure does not consider certain cash requirements, such as working capital needs, capital expenditures, contractual commitments, interest payments, tax payments and other debt service requirements.
We also discuss free cash flow, a non-GAAP performance measure that the Board of Directors uses to review the performance of the business. Free cash flow is reviewed by the Board of Directors as a percentage of revenue over a trailing two-year period (reflecting both an even and odd year reporting period given the political cyclicality of our business). The most directly comparable GAAP financial measure to free cash flow is Net income attributable to TEGNA. Free cash flow is calculated as non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA (as defined above), further adjusted by adding back (1) stock-based compensation, (2) non-cash 401(k) company match, (3) syndicated programming amortization, (4) dividends received from equity method investments, (5) reimbursements from spectrum repacking and (6) proceeds from company-owned life insurance policies. This is further adjusted by deducting payments made for (1) syndicated programming, (2) pension, (3) interest, (4) taxes (net of refunds) and (5) purchases of property and equipment. Like Adjusted EBITDA, free cash flow is not intended to be a measure of cash flow available for management’s discretionary use.
24

Discussion of Special Charges and Credits Affecting Reported Results
Our results included the following items we consider “special items” that, while at times recurring, can vary significantly from period to period:
Quarter and six months ended June 30, 2023:
•M&A-related costs;
•Merger termination fee;
•Asset impairment and other consisting of programming asset impairments; and
•Tax benefit associated with previously disallowed transaction costs.
Quarter and six months ended June 30, 2022:
•Asset impairment and other consisting of gains due to reimbursements from the FCC for required spectrum repacking;
•M&A-related costs;
•Other non-operating items consisting of a gain recognized on an available-for-sale investment and an impairment charge related to another investment; and
•Tax expense, net, associated with establishing a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to an equity method investment.
Reconciliations of certain line items impacted by special items to the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP on our Consolidated Statements of Income follow (in thousands, except per share amounts):

|  |  |  | Special Items |  |
Quarter ended June 30, 2023 |  | GAAP measure |  | M&A-related costs |  | Merger termination fee |  | Asset impairment and other |  | Special tax item |  | Non-GAAP measure
Corporate - General and administrative expenses |  | $ | 26,506 |  |  | $ | (17,082) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9,424 |
Asset impairment and other |  | 3,359 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3,359) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Merger termination fee |  | (136,000) |  |  | — |  |  | 136,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Operating expenses |  | 449,907 |  |  | (17,082) |  |  | 136,000 |  |  | (3,359) |  |  | — |  |  | 565,466 |
Operating income |  | 281,599 |  |  | 17,082 |  |  | (136,000) |  |  | 3,359 |  |  | — |  |  | 166,040 |
Income before income taxes |  | 244,300 |  |  | 17,082 |  |  | (136,000) |  |  | 3,359 |  |  | — |  |  | 128,741 |
Provision for income taxes |  | 44,207 |  |  | 4,371 |  |  | (24,504) |  |  | 860 |  |  | 6,443 |  |  | 31,377 |
Net income attributable to TEGNA Inc. |  | 200,105 |  |  | 12,711 |  |  | (111,496) |  |  | 2,499 |  |  | (6,443) |  |  | 97,376 |
Earnings per share - diluted (a) |  | $ | 0.92 |  |  | $ | 0.06 |  |  | $ | (0.51) |  |  | $ | 0.01 |  |  | $ | (0.03) |  |  | $ | 0.44 |
(a) Per share amounts do not sum due to rounding. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

25

|  |  |  | Special Items |  |  |  |  |  |
Quarter ended June 30, 2022 |  | GAAP measure |  | M&A-related costs |  | Asset impairment and other |  | Non-GAAP measure |  |  |  |
Corporate - General and administrative expenses |  | $ | 13,612 |  |  | $ | (4,212) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9,400 |  |  |  |  |
Asset impairment and other |  | (105) |  |  | — |  |  | 105 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Operating expenses |  | 563,860 |  |  | (4,212) |  |  | 105 |  |  | 559,753 |  |  |  |  |
Operating income |  | 221,021 |  |  | 4,212 |  |  | (105) |  |  | 225,128 |  |  |  |  |
Income before income taxes |  | 175,970 |  |  | 4,212 |  |  | (105) |  |  | 180,077 |  |  |  |  |
Provision for income taxes |  | 44,030 |  |  | 7 |  |  | (27) |  |  | 44,010 |  |  |  |  |
Net income attributable to TEGNA Inc. |  | 131,569 |  |  | 4,205 |  |  | (78) |  |  | 135,696 |  |  |  |  |
Earnings per share - diluted (a) |  | $ | 0.59 |  |  | $ | 0.02 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.60 |  |  |  |  |
(a) Per share amounts do not sum due to rounding. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  | Special Items |  |
Six months ended June. 30, 2023 |  | GAAP measure |  | M&A-related costs |  | Merger termination fee |  | Asset impairment and other |  | Special tax item |  | Non-GAAP measure
Corporate - General and administrative expenses |  | $ | 38,606 |  |  | $ | (19,848) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 18,758 |
Asset impairment and other |  | 3,359 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3,359) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Merger termination fee |  | (136,000) |  |  | — |  |  | 136,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Operating expenses |  | 1,016,679 |  |  | (19,848) |  |  | 136,000 |  |  | (3,359) |  |  | — |  |  | 1,129,472 |
Operating income |  | 455,154 |  |  | 19,848 |  |  | (136,000) |  |  | 3,359 |  |  | — |  |  | 342,361 |
Income before income taxes |  | 380,123 |  |  | 19,848 |  |  | (136,000) |  |  | 3,359 |  |  | — |  |  | 267,330 |
Provision for income taxes |  | 76,026 |  |  | 4,552 |  |  | (24,504) |  |  | 860 |  |  | 6,443 |  |  | 63,377 |
Net income attributable to TEGNA Inc. |  | 304,408 |  |  | 15,296 |  |  | (111,496) |  |  | 2,499 |  |  | (6,443) |  |  | 204,264 |
Net income per share-diluted (a) |  | $ | 1.37 |  |  | $ | 0.07 |  |  | $ | (0.50) |  |  | $ | 0.01 |  |  | $ | (0.03) |  |  | $ | 0.91 |
(a) Per share amounts do not sum due to rounding. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

26

|  |  |  | Special Items |  |
Six months ended June. 30, 2022 |  | GAAP measure |  | M&A-related costs |  | Asset impairment and other |  | Other non-operating items |  | Special tax item |  | Non-GAAP measure
Corporate - General and administrative expenses |  | $ | 34,932 |  |  | $ | (14,446) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20,486 |
Asset impairment and other |  | (163) |  |  | — |  |  | 163 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Operating expenses |  | 1,128,846 |  |  | (14,446) |  |  | 163 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,114,563 |
Operating income |  | 430,158 |  |  | 14,446 |  |  | (163) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 444,441 |
Other non-operating items, net |  | 15,454 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (18,308) |  |  | — |  |  | (2,854) |
Total non-operating expenses |  | (75,163) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (18,308) |  |  | — |  |  | (93,471) |
Income before income taxes |  | 354,995 |  |  | 14,446 |  |  | (163) |  |  | (18,308) |  |  | — |  |  | 350,970 |
Provision for income taxes |  | 88,768 |  |  | 38 |  |  | (41) |  |  | 168 |  |  | (7,117) |  |  | 81,816 |
Net income attributable to TEGNA Inc. |  | 265,803 |  |  | 14,408 |  |  | (122) |  |  | (18,476) |  |  | 7,117 |  |  | 268,730 |
Net income per share-diluted |  | $ | 1.19 |  |  | $ | 0.06 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.08) |  |  | $ | 0.03 |  |  | $ | 1.20 |

Adjusted EBITDA - Non-GAAP
Reconciliations of Adjusted EBITDA to net income presented in accordance with GAAP on our Consolidated Statements of Income are presented below (in thousands):

| Quarter ended June 30, |  | Six months ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | Change |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | Change
Net income attributable to TEGNA Inc. (GAAP basis) | $ | 200,105 |  |  | $ | 131,569 |  |  | 52 | % |  | $ | 304,408 |  |  | $ | 265,803 |  |  | 15 | %
(Less) Plus: Net (loss) income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest | (12) |  |  | 371 |  |  | *** |  | (311) |  |  | 424 |  |  | ***
Plus: Provision for income taxes | 44,207 |  |  | 44,030 |  |  | — | % |  | 76,026 |  |  | 88,768 |  |  | (14 | %)
Plus: Interest expense | 42,797 |  |  | 42,950 |  |  | — | % |  | 85,703 |  |  | 86,570 |  |  | (1 | %)
Plus: Equity loss in unconsolidated investments, net | 283 |  |  | 236 |  |  | 20 | % |  | 520 |  |  | 4,047 |  |  | (87 | %)
(Less) Plus: Other non-operating items, net | (5,781) |  |  | 1,865 |  |  | *** |  | (11,192) |  |  | (15,454) |  |  | (28 | %)
Operating income (GAAP basis) | 281,599 |  |  | 221,021 |  |  | 27 | % |  | 455,154 |  |  | 430,158 |  |  | 6 | %
Plus: M&A-related costs | 17,082 |  |  | 4,212 |  |  | *** |  | 19,848 |  |  | 14,446 |  |  | 37 | %
Plus (Less): Asset impairment and other | 3,359 |  |  | (105) |  |  | *** |  | 3,359 |  |  | (163) |  |  | ***
Less: Merger termination fee | (136,000) |  |  | — |  |  | *** |  | (136,000) |  |  | — |  |  | ***
Adjusted operating income (non-GAAP basis) | 166,040 |  |  | 225,128 |  |  | (26 | %) |  | 342,361 |  |  | 444,441 |  |  | (23 | %)
Plus: Depreciation | 14,987 |  |  | 15,534 |  |  | (4 | %) |  | 30,036 |  |  | 30,839 |  |  | (3 | %)
Plus: Amortization of intangible assets | 13,296 |  |  | 14,999 |  |  | (11 | %) |  | 26,878 |  |  | 29,999 |  |  | (10 | %)
Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP basis) | 194,323 |  |  | 255,661 |  |  | (24 | %) |  | 399,275 |  |  | 505,279 |  |  | (21 | %)
Corporate - General and administrative expense (non-GAAP basis) | 9,424 |  |  | 9,400 |  |  | — | % |  | 18,758 |  |  | 20,486 |  |  | (8 | %)
Adjusted EBITDA, excluding Corporate (non-GAAP basis) | $ | 203,747 |  |  | $ | 265,061 |  |  | (23 | %) |  | $ | 418,033 |  |  | $ | 525,765 |  |  | (20 | %)
*** Not meaningful |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

In the second quarter of 2023 Adjusted EBITDA margin was 28% without corporate expense or 27% with corporate expense, compared to second quarter of 2022 Adjusted EBITDA margin of 34% without corporate expense or 33% with corporate expense. For the six months ended June 30, 2023, Adjusted EBITDA margin was 28% without corporate expense or 27% with corporate expense, compared to six months ended June 30, 2022 Adjusted EBITDA of 34% without corporate expense or 32% with corporate expense. These margin decreases were primarily driven by the operational factors discussed above within the revenue and operating expense fluctuation explanation sections, most notably, the decrease in AMS and political revenues and the increase in programming expenses.
27

Free Cash Flow Reconciliation
Free cash flow as a percentage of revenue is computed over a trailing two-year period (reflecting both an even and odd year reporting period given the political cyclicality of our business).
Reconciliation from “Net income” to “Free cash flow” follow (in thousands):

| Two-year period ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022
Net income attributable to TEGNA Inc. (GAAP basis) | $ | 1,192,588 |  | $ | 1,119,281
Plus: Provision for income taxes | 347,277 |  | 350,810
Plus: Interest expense | 352,281 |  | 373,677
Plus: M&A-related costs | 44,103 |  | 18,184
Plus: Depreciation | 124,338 |  | 128,949
Plus: Amortization | 118,238 |  | 127,236
Plus: Stock-based compensation | 54,669 |  | 61,462
Plus: Company stock 401(k) contribution | 36,645 |  | 34,974
Plus: Syndicated programming amortization | 136,535 |  | 142,664
Plus: Workforce restructuring expense | — |  | 1,021
Plus: Advisory fees related to activism defense | — |  | 16,611
Plus: Cash dividend from equity investments for return on capital | 4,238 |  | 8,240
Plus: Cash reimbursements from spectrum repacking | 827 |  | 8,517
Plus: Net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest | 1,218 |  | 2,135
Plus: Reimbursement from Company-owned life insurance policies | 1,929 |  | 1,456
Plus (Less): Equity loss (income) in unconsolidated investments, net | 10,780 |  | 14,299
Plus: Asset impairment and other | 3,627 |  | (4,794)
(Less) Plus: Other non-operating items, net | (37,594) |  | (6,481)
Less: Merger termination fee | (136,000) |  | —
Less: Syndicated programming payments | (134,274) |  | (148,229)
Less: Income tax payments, net of refunds | (307,031) |  | (343,503)
Less: Pension contributions | (12,172) |  | (10,140)
Less: Interest payments | (339,372) |  | (364,856)
Less: Purchases of property and equipment | (101,279) |  | (107,361)
Free cash flow (non-GAAP basis) | $ | 1,361,571 |  | $ | 1,424,152
Revenue | $ | 6,282,212 |  | $ | 6,226,061
Free cash flow as a % of Revenue | 21.7 | % |  | 22.9 | %

Our free cash flow, a non-GAAP performance measure, was $1.36 billion and $1.42 billion for the two-year periods ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
28

Liquidity, Capital Resources and Cash Flows
Our operations have historically generated positive cash flow which, along with availability under our existing revolving credit facility and cash and cash equivalents on hand, have been sufficient to fund our capital expenditures, interest payments, dividends, share repurchases, investments in strategic initiatives and other operating requirements.
We paid dividends totaling $40.5 million and $42.3 million in first six months of 2023 and 2022, respectively. In the second quarter of 2023 we announced a 20% increase to our quarterly dividend from 9.5 to 11.375 cents per share. We paid the previously declared regular quarterly dividend of 9.5 cents per share on July 3, 2023, to stockholders of record as of the close of business on June 9, 2023, and expect the increased dividend to be in effect in future regular quarterly dividend payments, subj ect to the Board of Directors declaration.
The now terminated Merger Agreement did not permit us to increase the dividend or to repurchase our common stock. As a result of these two restrictions, our cash balance was $551.7 million at the end of 2022. In the second quarter of 2023 we employed $300 million of cash when we launched an accelerated share repurchase (ASR) program under which we will repurchase $300 million in TEGNA common shares from JPMorgan. Under the ASR, the Company made an initial payment to JPMorgan of $300 million and received an initial delivery of approximately 15.2 million shares on June 6, 2023, representing 80% ($240 million) of the value of the ASR contract. The final number of shares to be repurchased will be based on the average daily volume-weighted average price of TEGNA shares during the term of the ASR, less a discount and subject to customary adjustments pursuant to the terms of the ASR. The final settlement of the ASR is expected to be completed by the end of the third quarter of 2023, subject to acceleration at JPMorgan’s discretion.
On August 3, 2023, TEGNA announced an additional ASR program with a value of $325 million, which is expected to commence in the fourth quarter of 2023. Similar to the initial ASR program, we expect to receive an initial delivery of shares equal to 80% of the value of the program, with the final number of shares received to be based on the average daily volume-weighted average price of TEGNA shares during the term of the ASR, less a discount and subject to customary adjustments pursuant to the terms of the ASR.
During the first half of 2023, we primarily deployed surplus cash in time deposit and money market investments with several financial institutions.
Under our revolving credit facility we have the ability to draw loans based on two different interest rate indices, one of which was previously based on the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR). During the second quarter of 2023, we amended our revolving credit facility to replace the LIBOR-based interest rate index, which was phased out, with a Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) based interest rate index. The transition from LIBOR to SOFR did not have a material impact on the Company.
As of June 30, 2023, we were in compliance with all covenants contained in our debt agreements and credit facility. Our leverage ratio, calculated in accordance with our revolving credit agreem ent, was 2.50x, below th e maximum permitted leverage ratio of 4.50x. T he leverage ratio is calculated using annualized adjusted EBITDA (as defined in the credit agreement) for the trailing eight quarters. We believe that we will remain compliant with all covenants for the foreseeable future.
As of June 30, 2023, our total debt was $3.07 billion, cash and cash equivalents totaled $489.4 million, and we had unused borrowing capacity of $1.49 billion under our revolving credit facility. Our debt consists of unsecured notes which have fixed interest rates.
Our financial and operating performance, as well as our ability to generate sufficient cash flow to maintain compliance with credit facility covenants, are subject to certain risk factors. See Item 1A. “Risk Factors,” in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion. We expect our existing cash and cash equivalents, cash flow from our operations, and borrowing capacity under the revolving credit facility will be more than sufficient to fund the $325 million ASR scheduled for the fourth quarter as well as satisfy our recurring contractual commitments, debt service obligations, capital expenditure requirements, and other working capital needs for the next twelve months and beyond.
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Cash Flows
The following table provides a summary of our cash flow information followed by a discussion of the key elements of our cash flow (in thousands):

| Six months ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022
Balance of cash and cash equivalents beginning of the period | $ | 551,681 |  |  | $ | 56,989 |
Operating activities: |  |  |
Net income | 304,097 |  |  | 266,227 |
Depreciation, amortization and other non-cash adjustments | 76,505 |  |  | 73,715 |
Merger termination fee | (136,000) |  |  | — |
Pension expense, net of contributions | 2,655 |  |  | (1,070) |
Decrease in trade receivables | 64,356 |  |  | 25,263 |
Increase in interest and taxes payable | 1,100 |  |  | 9,615 |
Other, net | (5,228) |  |  | 17,637 |
Cash flow from operating activities | 307,485 |  |  | 391,387 |
Investing activities: |  |  |
Purchase of property and equipment | (14,491) |  |  | (23,094) |
All other investing activities | (1,416) |  |  | (725) |
Cash flow used for investing activities | (15,907) |  |  | (23,819) |
Financing activities: |  |  |
Payment under revolving credit facilities, net | — |  |  | (166,000) |
Repurchase of common stock | (300,000) |  |  | — |
All other financing activities | (53,886) |  |  | (57,787) |
Cash flow used for financing activities | (353,886) |  |  | (223,787) |
Increase in cash and cash equivalents | (62,308) |  |  | 143,781 |
Balance of cash and cash equivalents end of the period | $ | 489,373 |  |  | $ | 200,770 |

Operating activities - Cash flow from operating activities was $307.5 million f or the six months ended June 30, 2023, compared to $391.4 million for the same period in 2022. Net income increased in 2023 due to the one time merger termination fee of $136 million that was settled in the second quarter of 2023. The merger termination fee was satisfied in the form of TEGNA common stock and therefore did not impact cash flows. Driving the decrease in operating cash flow of $83.9 million was an $87.2 million decline in revenue and a $28.4 million increase in programming costs, partially offset by a $39.1 million decrease in accounts receivable in the first six months of 2023 as compared to 2022.
Investing activities - Cash flow used for investing activities wa s $15.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023, compared to $23.8 million for the same period in 2022. The decrease of $7.9 million was primary due to a reduction in capital expenditures in the first six months of 2023 as compared to the same period in 2022.
Financing activities - Cash flow used for financing activities was $353.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023, compared to $223.8 million for the same period in 2022. The change was primarily due to our initial payment to JPMorgan of $300 million pursuant to the ASR program in which we received an initial delivery of 15.2 million shares on June 6, 2023, representing 80% ($240 million) of the value of the ASR program. Also contributing to the change was our revolving credit facility which had no net repayments in the first six months of 2023 as compared to net repayments of $166.0 million in the first six months of 2022.
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Certain Factors Affecting Forward-Looking Statements
Certain statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that do not describe historical facts may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the “safe harbor” provisions of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements are based on a number of assumptions about future events and are subject to various risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from the views, beliefs, projections and estimates expressed in such statements. These risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to, risks and uncertainties related to: changes in the market price of the Company’s shares, general market conditions; constraints, volatility, or disruptions in the capital markets or other factors affecting share repurchases, including the Company’s ASR program; the possibility that the Company’s ASR program, or any future share repurchases, may not enhance long-term stockholder value; the possibility that share repurchases pursuant to the ASR program could increase the volatility of the price of the Company’s common stock and diminish the Company’s cash reserves; legal proceedings, judgments or settlements; the response of customers, suppliers and business partners to the termination of the merger agreement, including impacts on and modifications to the Company’s plans, operations and business relating thereto; difficulties in employee retention due to the termination of the merger agreement; the Company’s ability to re-price or renew subscribers; potential regulatory actions; changes in consumer behaviors and impacts on and modifications to TEGNA's operations and business relating thereto; other business effects, including the effects of industry, market, economic, political or regulatory conditions; information technology system failures, data security breaches, data privacy compliance, network disruptions, and cybersecurity, malware or ransomware attacks; and economic, competitive, governmental, technological and other factors and risks that may affect the Company’s operations or financial results, which are discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K
Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of the Company. Each such statement speaks only as of the day it was made. We undertake no obligation to update or to revise any forward-looking statements. The factors described above cannot be controlled by our Company. When used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the words “believes,” “estimates,” “plans,” “expects,” “should,” “could,” “outlook,” and “anticipates” and similar expressions as they relate to our Company or management are intended to identify forward looking statements. Forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may include, without limitation: anticipated growth rates, the Company’s plans, objectives and expectations.
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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
For quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk, refer to the following section of our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K: “Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.” Our exposures to market risk have not changed materially since December 31, 2022.
As of June 30, 2023, we did not have any floating interest obligations outstanding and had unused borrowing capacity of $1.49 billion under our $1.51 billion revolving credit facility, which expires in August 2024. During the second quarter of 2023, we amended our revolving credit facility to replace the LIBOR-based interest rate index, which was phased out, with a Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) based interest rate index. The transition from LIBOR to SOFR did not have a material impact on the Company. Any amounts borrowed under the revolving credit facility in the future are subject to a variable rate. Refer to Note 8 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for information regarding the fair value of our long-term debt.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2023. Based on that evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective, as of June 30, 2023, to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms.
There have been no material changes in our internal controls or in other factors during the fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
See Note 9 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for information regarding our legal proceedings.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
While we attempt to identify, manage and mitigate risks and uncertainties associated with our business, some level of risk and uncertainty will always be present. “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K describes the risks and uncertainties that we believe may have the potential to materially affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, cash flows, projected results and future prospects. Other than those risk factors related to the now terminated merger, we do not believe that there have been any material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K, with the exception of the below risk factor related to the repurchasing of our common stock.
We may not realize the anticipated benefits of our share repurchase programs and any failure to repurchase our common stock after we have announced our intention to do so may negatively impact our stock price.
On June 2, 2023 we entered into an accelerated share repurchase (ASR) program under which we will repurchase $300 million of our common stock. On August 3, we announced we expect to enter into a second ASR program in the fourth quarter under which we will repurcha se $325 million of our common stock. Both of these ASR agreements are in addition to the $300 million share repurchase pro gram authorized by our Board of Directors in December 2020.
The timing and amount of any repurchases under these programs will depend on factors such as the stock price, economic and market conditions, and corporate and regulatory requirements. Any failure to repurchase shares after we have announced our intention to do so may negatively impact our reputation, investor confidence and the price of our common stock.
The existence of these share repurchase programs could cause the price of the Company’s common stock to be higher than it otherwise would be and could potentially reduce the market liquidity for our stock. Although these programs are intended to enhance long-term stockholder value, there is no assurance they will do so because the market price of our common stock may decline below the levels at which we repurchased shares and short-term stock price fluctuations could reduce the effectiveness of the programs.
Repurchasing common stock will reduce the amount of cash we have available to fund capital expenditures, interest payments, dividends, share repurchases, investments in strategic initiatives and other operating requirements and we may fail to realize the anticipated benefits of these share repurchase programs.
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Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The following table presents stock repurchases by the Company during the three month period ended June 30, 2023 (in thousands, except per share amount):

Period Ended |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased |  | Average Price Paid per Share |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs |  | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs |
April 1, 2023 - April 30, 2023 |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 300,000 |  | 1
May 1, 2023 - May 31, 2023 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 300,000 |  | 1
June 1, 2023 - June 30, 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accelerated share repurchases 2 |  | 15,180 |  |  | — |  |  | 15,180 |  |  | 60,000 |  |
Merger termination fee 3 |  | 8,640 |  |  | 15.78 |  |  | 8,640 |  |  | — |  |
Total Second Quarter 2023 |  | 23,820 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 23,820 |  |  | $ | 360,000 |  | 4

(1) In December 2020, our Board of Directors authorized the renewal of our share repurchase program for up to $300 million of our common stock over the next three years. The shares may be repurchased at management’s discretion, either on the open market or in privately negotiated block transactions. Management’s decision to repurchase shares will depend on price, blackout periods and other corporate developments. Purchases may occur from time to time and no maximum purchase price has been set. In the second quarter and six months ended June 30, 2023, no shares were repurchased under this program.
(2) As announced on June 2, 2023, we entered into the ASR agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association (JPMorgan) on June 2, 2023 to repurchase TEGNA common stock with an aggregate value of $300 million. Under the terms of the ASR, we paid JPMorgan $300 million and received an initial delivery of approximately 15.2 million shares on June 6, 2023, representing approximately 80% ($240 million) of the value of the ASR. The total number of shares to be repurchased will be based on the average of our daily volume-weighted average stock price, less a discount, during the repurchase period, which is expected to be completed by the end of the third quarter of 2023, at which time share settlement for the full value of the ASR program will be completed. This ASR program was separately authorized by our Board of Directors and therefore did not impact the $300 million share repurchase program authorized by our Board of Directors in December 2020 described in Note 1 above.
(3) On June 1, 2023 Standard General transferred to TEGNA shares of TEGNA common stock to satisfy the approximately $136 million merger termination fee due under the Merger Agreement. Receipt of the shares from Standard General will not reduce the $300 million ASR described in footnote 2 above. Refer to Note 1 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.
(4) Represents (i) $300 million remaining under the share repurchase program authorized by our Board of Directors in December 2020 as described in footnote 1 above, and (ii) $60 million remaining under the ASR program, which is expected to be settled by the end of the third quarter of 2023, as described in footnote 2 above.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
None.
Item 5. Other Information
None.
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Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit Number |  | Description
3-1 |  | Fourth Restated Certificate of Incorporation of TEGNA Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3-1 to TEGNA Inc.’s Form 8-K filed on May 12, 2021).
3-2 |  | By-laws, as amended through May 12, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3-2 to TEGNA Inc.’s Form 8-K filed on May 12, 2021).
10-1 |  | Form of Executive Officer Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement*
10-2 |  | Form of Executive Officer Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement*
10-3 |  | Form of Executive Officer Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement*
10-4 |  | Fourteenth Amendment, dated as of May 15, 2023 and effective as of May 29, 2023, to the Amended and Restated Competitive Advance and Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2004 and effective as of January 5, 2005, and as amended and restated as of August 5, 2013, as further amended as of June 29, 2015, as further amended as of September 30, 2016, as further amended as of August 1, 2017, as further amended as of June 21, 2018, as further amended as of August 15, 2019 and as further amended as of June 11, 2020, among TEGNA Inc., JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and the several banks and other financial institutions from time to time parties thereto. (i ncorporated by reference to Exhibit 10-1 to TEGNA Inc’s Form 8-K filed on May 23, 2023).
31-1 |  | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of CEO.
31-2 |  | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of CFO.
32-1 |  | Section 1350 Certification of CEO.
32-2 |  | Section 1350 Certification of CFO.
101.INS |  | Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Document.
101.LAB |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104 |  | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

* Asterisks identify management contracts and compensatory plans and arrangements.
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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Date: August 3, 2023 | TEGNA INC.
| /s/ Clifton A. McClelland III
| Clifton A. McClelland III
| Senior Vice President and Controller
| (on behalf of Registrant and as Principal Accounting Officer)

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