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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
The components of income taxes are as follows:
202420232022
 (dollars in thousands)
Current tax expense:
Federal$66,817 $49,707 $44,478 
State12,256 11,137 6,906 
Total current tax expense79,073 60,844 51,384 
Deferred tax (benefit) expense:
Federal(20,248)3,021 8,974 
State(2,939)576 (324)
Total deferred tax (benefit) expense(23,187)3,597 8,650 
Total income tax expense$55,886 $64,441 $60,034 
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation
The differences between the effective income tax rate and the federal statutory income tax rate are as follows:
202420232022
Statutory tax rate21.0 %21.0 %21.0 %
Tax credit investments(0.3)(1.3)(2.0)
Tax-exempt income(4.3)(4.2)(3.5)
Bargain purchase gain(2.3)— — 
Bank owned life insurance(0.9)(0.8)(0.7)
State income taxes, net of federal benefit1.9 2.6 1.2 
Executive compensation0.1 0.3 0.3 
FDIC Premium0.8 0.5 0.3 
Other, net0.2 0.4 0.7 
Effective income tax rate16.2 %18.5 %17.3 %
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
The net DTA recorded by the Corporation is included in other assets and consists of the following tax effects of temporary differences as of December 31:
20242023
(dollars in thousands)
Deferred tax assets:
Unrealized holding losses on securities$85,516 $90,671 
Allowance for credit losses90,148 71,013 
Lease liability34,921 21,570 
State loss carryforwards26,118 27,948 
Other accrued expenses16,142 11,082 
Deferred compensation11,138 10,215 
Intangible assets5,889 7,460 
Stock-based compensation5,458 5,129 
Tax credit carryforwards 4,995 
Other7,444 5,469 
Total gross deferred tax assets$282,774 $255,552 
Deferred tax liabilities:
Equipment lease financing45,644 47,345 
Right-of-use-asset31,960 20,022 
Acquisition premiums/discounts16,360 5,508 
MSRs6,952 7,158 
Postretirement and defined benefit plans5,560 3,438 
Tax credit investments2,033 1,747 
Premises and equipment736 1,678 
Total gross deferred tax liabilities$109,245 $86,896 
Net deferred tax asset, before valuation allowance173,529 168,656 
Valuation allowance(26,118)(27,948)
Net deferred tax asset$147,411 $140,708 
Summary of Changes in Unrecognized Tax Benefits
The following table summarizes the changes in unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31:
202420232022
(dollars in thousands)
Balance at beginning of year$1,044 $1,228 $1,673 
Current period tax positions120 147 112 
Lapse of statute of limitations(104)(331)(557)
Balance at end of year$1,060 $1,044 $1,228 
Summary of TCIs and Related Unfunded Commitments
The following table presents the balances of the Corporation's TCIs and related unfunded commitments as of December 31:
20242023
Included in other assets:(dollars in thousands)
Affordable housing tax credit investments, net$211,572 $170,115 
Other tax credit investments, net29,649 35,907 
Total TCIs, net$241,221 $206,022 
Included in other liabilities:
Unfunded affordable housing tax credit commitments$84,572 $58,312 
Other tax credit liabilities24,109 28,361 
Total unfunded tax credit commitments and liabilities$108,681 $86,673 


The following table presents other information relating to the Corporation's TCIs for the years ended December 31:
202420232022
(dollars in thousands)
Components of income taxes:
Tax credits and benefits$(26,762)$(28,748)$(27,154)
Amortization of tax credits and benefits, net of tax benefits25,069 23,446 19,298 
Deferred tax expense559 610 766 
Total reduction in income tax expense$(1,134)$(4,692)$(7,090)
Amortization of TCIs:
Total amortization of TCIs$ $— $2,783