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Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Remitly Global, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. In the opinion of management, these consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which are necessary for a fair statement of the consolidated financial statements for all periods presented.

Principles of Consolidation

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates The preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to, revenue recognition including the treatment of sales incentive programs, reserves for transaction losses, stock-based compensation expense including the estimated fair value per share of common stock, the carrying value of operating lease right-of-use assets, the recoverability of deferred tax assets, and capitalization of software development costs. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on assumptions that management considers reasonable. Actual results could differ from these estimates and assumptions, and these differences could be material to the consolidated financial statements.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company holds its cash and cash equivalents with financial institutions throughout the world, which management assesses to be of high credit quality. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents, so long as the Company has legal title to such amounts held in these accounts. Amounts that are held in accounts for which the Company does not have legal title to are recorded separately in our consolidated balance sheets, typically as disbursement prefunding balances. Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and various deposit accounts.

Restricted Cash

Restricted CashRestricted cash primarily consists of cash collateral that the Company maintains with various payment processors in connection with its contractual obligation. The Company has relationships with certain payment processors that are responsible for processing the Company’s incoming customer payments. These processors require the Company to maintain certain restricted cash balances as collateral throughout the term of the processor arrangement. Restricted cash has been classified as a non-current asset on the consolidated balance sheets as it is not expected to be released within one year of the balance sheet date.

Disbursement Prefunding

The Company maintains relationships with disbursement partners in various countries. These partners are responsible for disbursing funds to recipients. The Company may maintain prefunding balances with these disbursement partners so that they are able to fulfill customer requests. The Company does not earn interest on these balances. The balances are not compensating balances and are not legally restricted. The Company is exposed to the risk of loss in the event the Company’s disbursement partners fail, for any reason, to disburse funds to recipients according to the Company’s instructions. Such reasons could include mistakes by the Company’s disbursement partners in processing payment instructions or failing to correctly classify and process error categories, or insolvency or fraud by the Company’s disbursement partners. The Company maintains a loss reserve for these accounts which is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities within the consolidated balance sheets. However, historical losses for the disbursement funding accounts have been inconsequential.

Customer Funds Receivable

When customers fund their transactions using credit cards or debit cards, there is a clearing period before the cash is received by the Company from the payment processors of usually one business day. Similarly, when customers provide bank information and authorization for the Company to receive funds via electronic funds transfer, the transactions are submitted via batch and received in cash usually in one to three business days. These card and electronic funds are treated as a receivable from the bank until the cash is received by the Company. The Company does not maintain a reserve as historical losses have not been material.

Foreign Currency Translation

The functional currencies of the Company’s international subsidiaries in Canada, Australia, Ireland, United Kingdom, and Singapore are each country’s local currency. The functional currency of the Company’s international subsidiaries in Poland and Nicaragua is the U.S. dollar. The results of operations for the Company’s international subsidiaries, with functional currencies other than the U.S. dollar, are translated from the local currency into U.S. dollars using the average exchange rates during each period. All assets and liabilities are translated using exchange rates at the end of each period. All equity transactions and certain assets are translated using historical rates. The consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company establishes the fair value of its certain assets and liabilities using the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities that are required to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which to transact and the market-based risk. The Company applies fair value accounting for all financial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the consolidated financial statements on a recurring basis. The carrying values of cash equivalents, disbursement prefunding, customer funds receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and customer liabilities approximate their respective fair values due to their relative short maturities.

Fair value principles require disclosures regarding the manner in which fair value is determined for assets and liabilities and establishes a three-tiered fair value hierarchy into which these assets and liabilities must be grouped, based upon significant levels of inputs as follows:

Level 1Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2Inputs are quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the assets or liabilities, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial instruments.

Level 3Inputs are unobservable inputs based on the Company’s own assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value. The inputs require significant management judgment or estimation.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially expose the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, disbursement prefunding, restricted cash, and customer funds receivable. The Company maintains cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash balances that may exceed the insured limits by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. In addition, the Company funds its international operations using accounts with institutions in the major countries where its subsidiaries operate. The Company also prefunds amounts which are held by its disbursement partners, which typically include India, Philippines and Mexico.

Deferred Offering Costs

Prior to the IPO, deferred offering costs, which consist of direct incremental legal, accounting, and consulting fees relating to the IPO, were capitalized and included in other non-current assets on the consolidated balance sheets. Upon completion of the IPO in September 2021, the

Company reclassified $4.3 million of deferred offering costs to additional-paid-in capital offsetting the IPO proceeds.

Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment is stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization.

Depreciation and amortization are calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:


			Estimated Useful Lives
Capitalized internal-use software			3 years
Computer and office equipment			3 years
Furniture and fixtures			5 years
Leasehold improvements			Lesser of useful life or remaining lease term

When assets are retired or disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any resulting gains or losses are included in the consolidated statements of operations in the period of disposition. Maintenance and repairs that do not improve or extend the lives of the respective assets are charged to expense in the period incurred.

Leases

A lease is defined as a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The Company adopted ASU No. 2016-02 “Leases - Topic 842” (“ASC 842”) and all subsequent ASUs that modified ASC 842 on January 1, 2020 and elected to apply the guidance to the comparative period. The Company’s lease commitments consist primarily of real estate property under various non-cancellable operating leases that expire between 2021 and 2024. The majority of the leases contain renewal options and provisions for increases in rental rates based on a predetermined schedule or an agreed upon index. If, at lease inception, the Company considers the exercise of a renewal option to be reasonably certain, the Company will include the extended term in the calculation of the right-of-use asset and lease liability.

The Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception by evaluating various factors, including if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration and other facts and circumstances. Lease classification is determined at the lease commencement date. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and operating lease liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. The lease liability is recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The ROU asset is initially measured at cost, which is based on the lease liability adjusted for lease prepayments, plus any initial direct costs incurred less any lease incentives received. As the rate implicit in most of its leases is not readily determinable, the Company generally uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the estimated rate of interest for collateralized borrowing over a similar term of the lease payments at commencement date. The Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option.

The Company utilized certain practical expedients and policy elections available under the lease accounting standard. The Company has elected to combine lease and non-lease components as a single lease component for its real estate leases. The Company also elected not to recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities on its consolidated balance sheets for leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less. The Company recognizes lease payments associated with its short-term leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, which is the non-cancelable term adjusted for any renewal and termination options that are considered reasonably certain. Operating leases are included in operating lease ROU assets, operating lease liabilities, and operating lease liabilities, non-current on the consolidated balance sheets.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be fully recoverable. When such events occur, management determines whether there has been impairment by comparing the anticipated undiscounted future net cash flows to the carrying value of the asset. If impairment exists, the asset is written down to its estimated fair value.

Customer Liabilities

Customer Liabilities The Company recognizes transactions processed from customers but not yet disbursed to recipients as customer liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Customer liabilities are typically funds in-transit and the duration is typically one to two days.

Revenue Recognition and Sales Incentives

Sales Incentives

The Company provides sales incentives to customers in a variety of forms, which includes promotions, discounts, and other sales incentives. Cash incentives given to customers are accounted for as reductions to revenue, up to the point where net historical cumulative revenue, at the customer level, is reduced to zero. Those additional incentive costs that would have caused the customer level revenue to be negative are classified as advertising expenses and are included as a component of marketing expenses. In addition, referral credits given to a referrer are classified as marketing expenses.

Revenue

The Company’s primary source of revenue is generated from its remittance business. Revenue is earned from transaction fees charged to customers and foreign exchange spreads between the foreign exchange rate offered to customers and the foreign exchange rate on the Company's currency purchases. Revenue is recognized when control of these services is transferred to the Company’s customers, which is the time the funds have been delivered to the intended recipient in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for services provided. The Company accounts for revenue in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which includes the following steps:

(1)identification of the contract with a customer;

(2)identification of the performance obligations in the contract;

(3)determination of the transaction price;

(4)allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and

(5)recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation.

Customers engage the Company to perform one integrated service — collect the customer’s money and deliver funds to the intended recipient in the currency requested. Payment is generally due from the customer upfront upon initiation of a transaction, when the customer simultaneously agrees to the Company’s terms and conditions.

Revenue is derived from each transaction and varies based on the funding method chosen by the customer, the size of the transaction, the currency to be ultimately disbursed, the rate at which the currency was purchased, and the countries to which the funds are transferred. The Company’s contract with customers can be terminated by the customer without a termination penalty up until the time the funds have been delivered to the intended recipient. Therefore, the Company’s contracts are defined at the transaction level and do not extend beyond the service already provided.

The Company’s service comprises a single performance obligation to complete transactions for the Company’s customers. Using compliance and risk assessment tools, the Company performs a transaction risk assessment on individual transactions to determine whether a transaction should be accepted. When the Company accepts a transaction and processes the designated payment method of the customer, the Company becomes obligated to its customer to complete the payment transaction, at which time a receivable is recorded, along with a corresponding customer liability. None of the Company’s contracts contain a significant financing component.

The Company recognizes transaction revenue on a gross basis as it is the principal for fulfilling payment transactions. As the principal to the transaction, the Company controls the service of completing payments on its payment platform. The Company bears primary responsibility for the fulfillment of the payment service, is the merchant of record, contracts directly with its customers, controls the product specifications, and defines the value proposition of its services. The Company is also responsible for providing customer support. Further, the Company has full discretion over determining the fee charged to its customers, which is independent of the cost it incurs in instances where it may utilize payment processors or other financial institutions to perform services on its behalf. These fees paid to payment processors and other financial institutions are recognized as transaction expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company does not have any capitalized contract acquisition costs.

Transaction Expenses and Customer Support and Operations

Transaction Expenses Transaction expenses include fees paid to disbursement partners for paying funds to the recipient, provisions for transaction losses, fees paid to payment processors for funding transactions, bad debt expense, chargebacks, fraud prevention costs, and costs for compliance tools.

Customer Support and Operations

Customer support and operations expenses consist primarily of personnel-related expenses associated with the Company’s customer support and operations organization, including salaries, benefits, and stock-based compensation, as well as third-party costs for customer support services, and travel and related office expenses. This includes the Company’s customer service teams which directly support the Company’s customers, consisting of online support and call centers, and other costs incurred to support the Company’s customers, including related telephony costs to support these teams, customer protection and risk teams, and investments in tools to effectively service the Company’s customers, and increased customer self-service capabilities. Customer support and operations expenses also include corporate communication costs and professional services fees.

Reserve for Transaction Losses

Reserve for Transaction Losses The Company is exposed to transaction losses including chargebacks, unauthorized credit card use, and fraud associated with customer transactions and other non-fraud related losses. The Company establishes reserves for such losses based on historical trends and any specific risks identified in processing customer transactions. This reserve is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The provision for transaction losses is included as a component of transaction expenses on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Marketing

Marketing expenses consist primarily of advertising costs used to attract new customers, including branding-related expenses. Marketing expenses also include personnel-related expenses associated with the Company’s marketing organization, including salaries, benefits, and stock-based compensation, promotions, costs for software subscription services dedicated for use by the Company’s marketing organization, and outside services contracted for marketing purposes.

Advertising

Advertising ExpenseAdvertising expenses are charged to operations as incurred and are included as a component of marketing expenses. As noted under “Sales Incentives,” above, advertising expenses also include additional incentive costs that would have caused the customer level revenue to be negative.

Technology and Development

Technology and development expenses consist primarily of personnel-related expenses for employees involved in the research, design, development and maintenance of both new and existing products and services, including salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation. Technology and development expenses also include professional services fees and costs for software subscription services dedicated for use by the Company’s technology and development teams. Technology and development costs are generally expensed as incurred and do not include software development costs which qualify for capitalization as internal-use software. The amortization of internal use-software costs which were capitalized in accordance with ASC 350-40, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other-Internal Use Software, are separately presented under the caption ‘depreciation and amortization’ in our consolidated statements of operations.

General and Administrative

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel-related expenses for the Company’s finance, legal, human resources, facilities, and administrative personnel, including salaries, benefits, and stock-based compensation. General and administrative expenses also include professional services fees, costs for software subscriptions, facilities costs, indirect taxes, and other corporate expenses.

Capitalized Internal-Use Software Costs and Capitalized Cloud Computing Arrangements

Capitalized Internal-Use Software Costs

The Company accounts for software development costs incurred in connection with its internal-use software in accordance with ASC 350-40, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other-Internal Use Software. Costs incurred in the preliminary stages of development are expensed as incurred. Once an app has reached the development stage, internal and external costs, if direct and incremental, are capitalized until the software is substantially complete and ready for its intended use.

Internal-use software is amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life, generally three years. Management evaluates the useful lives of these assets on an annual basis and tests for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances occur that could impact the recoverability of these assets.

Capitalized Cloud Computing Arrangements

The Company incurs costs to implement cloud computing arrangements that are hosted by a third-party vendor. The Company adopted this new standard prospectively during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021. For cloud computing arrangements that meet the definition of a service contract, the Company capitalizes implementation costs incurred during the application development stage as a prepaid expense or an other non-current asset and amortizes the costs on a straight-line basis over the term of the associated hosting arrangement and recognized as an operating expense within the consolidated statements of operations. The classification of the expense is determined based on the nature of the hosting arrangement to which the implementation costs relate. Costs related to data conversion, training and other maintenance activities are expensed as incurred. Implementation costs for cloud computing arrangements that meet the definition of a software license are accounted for consistent with software developed or obtained for internal use as detailed further above.

Segment and Geographic Information

Segment and Geographical Information The Company determines operating segments based on how its chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) manages the business, makes operating decisions around the allocation of resources, and evaluates operating performance. The Company’s CODM is its Chief Executive Officer, who reviews the Company’s operating results on a consolidated basis. The Company operates as one segment. Based on the information provided to and reviewed by the Company’s CODM, the Company believes that the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of its revenue and how it is affected by economic factors are most appropriately depicted through the Company’s primary geographical locations. Revenues recorded by the Company are substantially all from the Company’s single performance obligation which are earned from similar services for which the nature of associated fees and the related revenue recognition models are substantially the same.

Net Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders

Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is computed using the two-class method required for participating securities. All series of the Company’s redeemable convertible preferred stock and early exercised stock options are considered to be participating securities because all holders are entitled to receive dividends on a pari passu basis in the event that a dividend is declared on the common stock.

Under the two-class method, basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss adjusted to include deemed dividends on redeemable convertible preferred stock by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to common shares by the weighted-average number of common shares determined for the basic earnings per share plus the dilutive effect of stock options, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), warrants and redeemable convertible preferred stock.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company grants equity awards under its equity incentive plans, as well as its employee stock purchase plan (the “ESPP,” as further defined in Note 10). The Company measures stock-based compensation expense for both stock options granted under its equity incentive plans, and purchase rights issued under its ESPP, by calculating the estimated fair value of each employee and nonemployee award at the grant date or modification date by applying the Black-Scholes option pricing model (the “model”). The model utilizes the estimated value of the Company’s underlying common stock at the measurement date, the expected or contractual term of the option, the expected stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate, and expected dividend yield of the common stock. Stock-based compensation expense is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is typically the vesting period of the respective award; however, in some instances, the vesting percentages differ throughout the service period. Stock-based compensation for restricted stock units are measured based on the fair market value of the Company’s stock on the date of grant. In all instances, the amount of compensation cost recognized at any date is at least equal to the portion of the grant-date value of the award that is legally vested (i.e., the “floor” pursuant to ASC 718). Forfeitures are recognized in the period in which they occur.

The Company calculates the expected term based on the average period the options are expected to remain outstanding using the simplified method, generally calculated as the midpoint of the requisite service period and the contractual term of the award.

The Company bases its estimate of expected volatility on the historical volatility of comparable companies from a representative peer group selected based on industry, financial, and market capitalization data.

The Company’s expected dividend yield is zero as it has not declared nor paid any dividends during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 and does not currently expect to do so in the future. The risk-free interest rate used in the model is based on the implied yield currently available in the U.S. Treasury securities at maturity with an equivalent term.

The Company’s 2011 and 2021 equity plans allow for early exercise of employee stock options whereby the option holder is allowed to exercise prior to vesting. The consideration received for an early exercise of an option is considered to be a deposit of the exercise price, and the related dollar amount is recorded as a liability and reflected in accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. This liability is reclassified to additional paid-in capital as the awards vest. Any unvested shares are subject to repurchase by the Company at their original exercise price.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the consolidated financial statements. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined on the basis of the differences between the consolidated financial statements and tax bases of assets and liabilities by using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

The Company recognizes deferred tax assets to the extent that these assets are believed more likely than not to be realized. In making such a determination, all available positive and negative evidence is considered, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies, and results of recent operations.

Tax benefits for uncertain tax positions are based upon management’s evaluation of the information available at the reporting date. We recognize and measure uncertain tax positions in accordance with GAAP, pursuant to which we only recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The benefit for positions meeting the recognition threshold is measured as the largest benefit more likely than not of being realized upon settlement with a taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to income taxes as a component of provision for income taxes.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements (“ASU”)

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40),Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract. Under existing GAAP, there is diversity in practice in accounting for the costs of implementing cloud computing arrangements (CCA) that are service contracts. The standard aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The standard also requires the presentation of the amortization of the capitalized implementation costs in the same line item in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss as the fees associated with the hosting arrangement. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021 with early adoption permitted. This ASU was adopted on a prospective basis for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021. The Company capitalized $1.1 million related to the implementation of cloud computing arrangements and recorded amortization expense of $0.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2021 as a result of the adoption of this ASU.

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments- Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This ASU replaces the existing incurred loss impairment methodology that recognizes credit losses when a probable loss has been incurred with new methodology pursuant to which loss estimates are based upon lifetime expected credit losses. The amendments in this ASU require a financial asset that is measured at amortized cost to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The consolidated statement of operations would then reflect the measurement of credit losses for newly recognized financial assets as well as changes to the expected credit losses that have taken place during the reporting period. The change in allowance recognized as a result of adoption will occur through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the ASU is adopted. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, and interim periods within that fiscal year with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the guidance on its consolidated financial statements.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which modifies ASC 740 to simplify the accounting for income taxes. The ASU’s amendments are based on changes that were suggested by stakeholders as part of the FASB’s simplification initiative (i.e., the Board’s effort to reduce the complexity of accounting standards while maintaining or enhancing the helpfulness of information provided to financial statement users). ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions related to the approach for intra period tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. ASU 2019-12 also amends other aspects of the guidance to help simplify and promote consistent application of GAAP. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the guidance on its consolidated financial statements. We expect to adopt this ASU on a prospective basis in the first quarter of 2022 and do not expect the adoption to have a significant impact on our financial statements.

There are other new accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB that we have adopted or will adopt, as applicable. We do not believe any of these accounting pronouncements have had, or will have, a material impact on our consolidated financial statements or disclosures.