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Revenue | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract] |
Revenue | Revenue The Company’s primary source of revenue is generated from its remittance business. Revenue is earned from transaction fees charged to customers and the foreign exchange spreads earned between the foreign exchange rate offered to customers and the foreign exchange rate on the Company's currency purchases. Revenue is recognized when control of these services is transferred to the Company’s customers, which is the time the funds have been delivered to the intended recipient in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for services provided. The Company accounts for revenue in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which includes the following steps: (1)identification of the contract with a customer; (2)identification of the performance obligations in the contract; (3)determination of the transaction price; (4)allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (5)recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation. Customers engage the Company to perform one integrated service — collect the customer’s money and deliver funds to the intended recipient in the currency requested. Payment is generally due from the customer upfront upon initiation of a transaction, when the customer simultaneously agrees to the Company’s terms and conditions. Revenue is derived from each transaction and varies based on the funding method chosen by the customer, the size of the transaction, the currency to be ultimately disbursed, the rate at which the currency was purchased, the disbursement method chosen by the customer, and the countries to which the funds are transferred. The Company’s contract with customers can be terminated by the customer without a termination penalty up until the time the funds have been delivered to the intended recipient. Therefore, the Company’s contracts are defined at the transaction level and do not extend beyond the service already provided. The Company’s service comprises a single performance obligation to complete transactions for the Company’s customers. Using compliance and risk assessment tools, the Company performs a transaction risk assessment on individual transactions to determine whether a transaction should be accepted. When the Company accepts a transaction and processes the designated payment method of the customer, the Company becomes obligated to its customer to complete the payment transaction, at which time a receivable is recorded, along with a corresponding customer liability. None of the Company’s contracts contain a significant financing component. The Company recognizes transaction revenue on a gross basis as it is the principal for fulfilling payment transactions. As the principal to the transaction, the Company controls the service of completing payments on its payment platform. The Company bears primary responsibility for the fulfillment of the payment service, is the merchant of record, contracts directly with its customers, controls the product specifications, and defines the value proposition of its services. The Company is also responsible for providing customer support. Further, the Company has full discretion over determining the fee charged to its customers, which is independent of the cost it incurs in instances where it may utilize payment processors or other financial institutions to perform services on its behalf. These fees paid to payment processors and other financial institutions are recognized as transaction expenses within the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company does not have any capitalized contract acquisition costs. Deferred Revenue The deferred revenue balances from contracts with customers were as follows:
| Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands) | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Deferred revenue, beginning of the period | $ | 1,212 |  |  | $ | 1,105 |  |  | $ | 137 |
Deferred revenue, end of the period | 1,108 |  |  | 1,212 |  |  | 1,105 |
Change in deferred revenue during the period | $ | (104) |  |  | $ | 107 |  |  | $ | 968 |
Revenue recognized during the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 from amounts included in deferred revenue at the beginning of the period were $0.6 million and $0.3 million, respectively. Revenue recognized during the year ended December 31, 2020 includes substantially all amounts included in deferred revenue at the beginning of each respective year. Deferred revenue represents amounts received from customers for which the performance obligations are not yet fulfilled. Deferred revenue is primarily included within ‘Accrued expenses and other current liabilities’ on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as the performance obligations are expected to be fulfilled within the next year. Sales Incentives During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, payments made to customers resulted in reductions to revenue of $24.8 million, $18.1 million, and $15.7 million, respectively, and charges to sales and marketing expense of $17.6 million, $12.0 million, and $9.8 million, respectively. Revenue by Geography The following table presents the Company’s revenue disaggregated by primary geographical location:
| Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands) | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
United States | $ | 472,754 |  |  | $ | 338,190 |  |  | $ | 199,011 |
Canada | 80,142 |  |  | 56,916 |  |  | 29,871 |
Rest of world | 100,664 |  |  | 63,499 |  |  | 28,074 |
Total revenue | $ | 653,560 |  |  | $ | 458,605 |  |  | $ | 256,956 |
Revenue is attributed to the country in which the sending customer is located.

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- Definition The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=49130388 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 10 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123351226&loc=SL49130551-203045 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 13 -Subparagraph (b)(2) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123351226&loc=SL49130556-203045 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (b) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123351226&loc=SL49130554-203045 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 9 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123351226&loc=SL49130550-203045 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (e) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123351226&loc=SL49130554-203045 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (a) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123351226&loc=SL49130554-203045 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (d) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123351226&loc=SL49130554-203045 Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 15 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123351226&loc=SL49130558-203045 Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (c) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123351226&loc=SL49130554-203045 + Details
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