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Convertible Senior Notes | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2018
Debt Disclosure [Abstract] |
Convertible Senior Notes | Convertible Senior Notes 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2019 In August 2014, we issued $245.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2019 Notes. The implied estimated effective rate of the liability component of the 2019 Notes was 5.83% and are convertible into common stock at an initial conversion rate of 13.3251 shares per $1,000 principal amount of 2019 Notes, subject to adjustment upon certain events, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $75.05 per share of common stock. The notes bear cash interest at a rate of 0.75% per year, payable semi-annually. Holders of the 2019 Notes may convert the notes at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding May 15, 2019, under any of the following circumstances: (1) during any fiscal quarter (and only during such fiscal quarter) commencing after December 31, 2014, if, for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the 30 consecutive trading day period ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, the last reported sale price of our common stock on such trading day is greater than 130% of the conversion price on such trading day; (2) during the five business day period immediately following any 10 consecutive trading day period, in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of notes was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our common stock on such trading day and the conversion rate on each such trading day; or (3) upon the occurrence of certain specified corporate events as specified in the indenture governing the notes. As of September 30, 2018, our last reported sale price has exceeded the 130% threshold described above and accordingly the 2019 Notes have been classified as a current liability as of September 30, 2018. Upon conversion, we must deliver cash to settle the principal and may deliver cash or shares of common stock, at our option, to settle any premium due upon conversion for any conversion notices received prior to May 22, 2018. And, as per a supplemental indenture entered into on May 22, 2018, we made an irrevocable election to settle the entire note in cash. As such, we must deliver cash to settle the principal and any premium due upon conversion for any conversion notices received on or after May 22, 2018. As a result of the requirement to deliver cash to settle any premium due upon conversion, on May 22, 2018, we reclassified from equity to liability the conversion option fair value of $341.6 million. In accordance with ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, the derivative was adjusted to its fair value as of September 30, 2018 to $563.2 million with the resulting $161.9 million and $221.6 million increase reflected in other expense, net, in our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. In March and April 2018, we received notices for conversion of $21.8 million of principal amount of the 2019 Notes which were settled in May and June 2018. We paid the noteholders the conversion value of the notes in cash, up to the principal amount of the 2019 Notes. The excess of the conversion value over the principal amount, totaling $31.6 million, was paid in shares of common stock. This equity dilution upon conversion of the 2019 Notes was offset by the reacquisition of the shares under the convertible bond hedge transactions entered into in connection with the offering of the 2019 Notes as further discussed below. As a result of the conversions, we recorded a $0.6 million loss on extinguishment of debt calculated as the difference between the estimated fair value of the debt and the carrying value of the 2019 Notes as of the settlement dates. To measure the fair value of the converted 2019 Notes as of the settlement dates, the applicable interest rates were estimated using Level 2 observable inputs and applied to the converted notes using the same methodology as in the issuance date valuation. During the third quarter of 2018, we received notices for conversion of $195.9 million in principal of 2019 Convertible Senior Notes which settled in the fourth quarter of 2018. Convertible Bond Hedge and Warrant Transactions In August 2014, we entered into convertible bond hedges and sold warrants covering 3,264,643 shares of our common stock to minimize the impact of potential dilution to our stockholders and/or offset the cash payments we are required to make in excess of the principal amount upon conversion of the 2019 Notes. The convertible bond hedges have an exercise price of $75.05 per share and are exercisable when and if the 2019 Notes are converted. If upon conversion of the 2019 Notes, the price of our common stock is above the exercise price of the convertible bond hedges, the counterparties will deliver shares of common stock and/or cash with an aggregate value equal to the difference between the price of common stock at the conversion date and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of shares of common stock related to the convertible bond hedge transaction being exercised. The convertible bond hedges and warrants described below are separate transactions entered into by us and are not part of the terms of the 2019 Convertible Senior Notes. Holders of the 2019 Convertible Senior Notes and warrants will not have any rights with respect to the convertible bond hedges. We paid $48.1 million for these convertible bond hedges and recorded the amount as a reduction to additional paid-in capital. Conversion notices received after May 22, 2018 relating to the 2019 Notes must be fully settled in cash and amounts paid in excess of the principal amount will be offset by an equal receipt of cash under the convertible bond hedge. As a result of the irrevocable cash election, on May 22, 2018, we reclassified from equity to derivative asset the remaining bond hedge fair value of $340.0 million and marked it to market as of September 30, 2018 to $561.4 million with the resulting $162.0 million and $221.4 million increase reflected in other expense, net, in our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. Concurrently with the convertible bond hedge transactions, we entered into warrant transactions whereby it sold warrants to acquire approximately 3,264,643 shares of common stock with an exercise price of approximately $125.08 per share, subject to certain adjustments. The warrants have various expiration dates ranging from November 13, 2019 to April 22, 2020. The warrants will have a dilutive effect to the extent the market price per share of common stock exceeds the applicable exercise price of the warrants, as measured under the terms of the warrant transactions. We received $11.6 million for these warrants and recorded this amount to additional paid-in capital. The common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants will be in unregistered shares, and we do not have the obligation and do not intend to file any registration statement with the SEC registering the issuance of the shares under the warrants. We continue to have the ability to avoid settling the warrants associated with the 2019 Notes in cash after May 22, 2018. Accordingly, the warrants continue to be classified in additional paid in capital. In the third quarter of 2018, we received $52.1 million in bond hedge settlement proceeds associated with a portion of the conversion notices received during the third quarter of 2018, which was recorded as a reduction against derivative assets. This amount, plus additional conversion premium due upon settlement of the redeemed 2019 Convertible Senior Notes, will be paid in the fourth quarter of 2018. 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2023 In May 2018, we issued $750 million aggregate principal amount of 0.75% convertible senior notes. The net proceeds from the offering, after deducting the initial purchasers' discount and offering expenses, were approximately $733.1 million. The 2023 Notes will be convertible into cash, shares of common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of common stock, at our election, based on an initial conversion rate, subject to adjustment, of 4.0244 shares per $1,000 principal amount of the 2023 Notes which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $248.48 per share. Holders of the 2023 Notes may convert the notes at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding November 15, 2022, under any of the following circumstances: (1) during any fiscal quarter (and only during such fiscal quarter) commencing after September 30, 2018, if, for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the 30 consecutive trading day period ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, the last reported sale price of our common stock on such trading day is greater than 130% of the conversion price on such trading day; (2) during the five business day period immediately following any 10 consecutive trading day period, in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of notes was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our common stock on such trading day and the conversion rate on each such trading day; or (3) upon the occurrence of certain specified corporate events as specified in the indenture governing the notes. At the May 22, 2018 issuance date of the 2023 Notes, we did not have the necessary number of authorized but unissued shares of its common stock available to settle the conversion option of the 2023 Notes in shares. Therefore, in accordance with guidance found in ASC 815-15 – Embedded Derivatives, the conversion option of the Notes was deemed an embedded derivative requiring bifurcation from the 2023 Notes (host contract) and separate accounting as a derivative liability. The fair value of the conversion option derivative liability at May 22, 2018 was $144.0 million, which was recorded as a reduction to the carrying value of the debt. This debt discount is amortized to interest expense over the term of the debt using the effective interest method. Up to the date in which we received shareholder approval on June 19, 2018 to increase the authorized number of shares of our common stock, the conversion option was accounted for as a liability with the resulting change in fair value of $13.5 million during that period reflected in other expense, net, in our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. As of September 30, 2018, the debt discount remains and continues to be amortized to interest expense. The notes will have a dilutive effect to the extent the average market price per share of common stock for a given reporting period exceeds the conversion price of $248.48. As of September 30, 2018, the “if-converted value” did not exceed the principal amount of the 2023 Notes. In connection with the issuance of the 2023 Notes, we incurred $16.9 million of issuance costs, which primarily consisted of underwriting, legal and other professional fees. The portion of these costs allocated to the conversion option totaling $3.2 million was recorded as interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The portion of these costs allocated to the liability component totaling $13.7 million is amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the five year expected life of the 2023 Notes. It is our intent and policy to settle conversions through combination settlement, which essentially involves payment in cash equal to the principal portion and delivery of shares of common stock for the excess of the conversion value over the principal portion. Convertible Bond Hedge and Warrant Transactions In conjunction with the 2023 Notes, in May 2018, we entered into convertible bond hedges and sold warrants covering 3,018,327 shares of its common stock to minimize the impact of potential dilution to our common stock and/or offset the cash payments we are required to make in excess of the principal amount upon conversion of the 2023 Notes. The convertible bond hedges have an exercise price of $248.48 per share and are exercisable when and if the 2023 Notes are converted. We paid $140.3 million for these convertible bond hedges. If upon conversion of the 2023 Notes, the price of our common stock is above the exercise price of the convertible bond hedges, the counterparties will deliver shares of common stock and/or cash with an aggregate value approximately equal to the difference between the price of common stock at the conversion date and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of shares of common stock related to the convertible bond hedge transaction being exercised. The convertible bond hedges and warrants described below are separate transactions entered into by us and are not part of the terms of the 2023 Notes. Holders of the 2023 Notes and warrants will not have any rights with respect to the convertible bond hedges. Concurrently with the convertible bond hedge transactions, we entered into warrant transactions whereby it sold warrants covering approximately 3,018,327 shares of common stock with an exercise price of approximately $315.38 per share, subject to certain adjustments. We received $90.0 million for these warrants. The warrants have various expiration dates ranging from August 15, 2023 to February 6, 2024. The warrants will have a dilutive effect to the extent the market price per share of common stock exceeds the applicable exercise price of the warrants, as measured under the terms of the warrant transactions. The common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants will be in unregistered shares, and we do not have the obligation and do not intend to file any registration statement with the SEC registering the issuance of the shares under the warrants. For the period from May 22, 2018, the issuance date of the bond hedge and warrant transactions, to June 19, 2018, the date shareholders approved an increase in our authorized shares of common stock, the bond hedges and warrants required cash settlement and were accounted for as a derivative asset and liability, respectively, with the resulting increase in fair value of $19.2 million and $7.5 million during that period reflected in other expense, net, in our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. The following table summarizes information about the equity and liability components of the 2019 Notes and 2023 Notes (in thousands).
| September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
Principal amount of 2019 Notes outstanding | $ | 223,215 |  | $ | 245,000
Unamortized discount (including unamortized debt issuance cost) | (10,071) |  | (20,471)
Total current portion of notes payable | $ | 213,144 |  | $ | 224,529
Principal amount of 2023 Notes outstanding | $ | 750,000 |  | $ | —
Unamortized discount (including unamortized debt issuance cost) | (147,161) |  | —
Total long-term portion of notes payable | $ | 602,839 |  | $ | —
Carrying value of equity component of 2023 Notes | $ | 143,986 |  | $ | —
Fair value of convertible senior notes outstanding (Level 2) | $ | 1,729,179 |  | $ | 446,360

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