<SEC-DOCUMENT>0000886163-20-000009.txt : 20200211
<SEC-HEADER>0000886163-20-000009.hdr.sgml : 20200211
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20200211162806
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0000886163-20-000009
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		16
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20200211
ITEM INFORMATION:		Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement
ITEM INFORMATION:		Other Events
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20200211
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20200211

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			LIGAND PHARMACEUTICALS INC
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000886163
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
		IRS NUMBER:				770160744
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-33093
		FILM NUMBER:		20596979

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		3911 SORRENTO VALLEY BLVD
		STREET 2:		SUITE 110
		CITY:			SAN DIEGO
		STATE:			CA
		ZIP:			92121
		BUSINESS PHONE:		858-550-7500

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		3911 SORRENTO VALLEY BLVD
		STREET 2:		SUITE 110
		CITY:			SAN DIEGO
		STATE:			CA
		ZIP:			92121
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>8-K
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>lgnd-20200211.htm
<DESCRIPTION>8-K
<TEXT>
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style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:14pt;font-weight:700;line-height:173%;">UNITED STATES</span></div><div style="text-align:center;"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:14pt;font-weight:700;line-height:173%;">SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</span></div><div style="text-align:center;"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:14pt;font-weight:700;line-height:173%;">WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549</span></div><div style="text-align:center;"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:700;line-height:173%;">______________</span></div><div style="text-align:center;"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:16pt;font-weight:700;line-height:173%;">FORM <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="i933b09da20b74fce9631cd36bd9e8999_D20200206-20200206" name="dei:DocumentType" id="id3VybDovL2RvY3MudjEvZG9jOjU2ZjZmZTdkMzZjNzQzNWQ5MzhjOGIxYjI5ZmQzNDc1L3NlYzo1NmY2ZmU3ZDM2Yzc0MzVkOTM4YzhiMWIyOWZkMzQ3NV8xL2ZyYWc6ZjIyM2NmNjcyMjkwNDBmY2JmOWEyMTlmZTk1ODI1MDYvdGV4dHJlZ2lvbjpmMjIzY2Y2NzIyOTA0MGZjYmY5YTIxOWZlOTU4MjUwNl85Nw_f29f468e-6784-41e3-9fba-a72f032c5903">8-K</ix:nonNumeric> </span></div><div style="text-align:center;"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:700;line-height:173%;">______________</span></div><div style="text-align:center;"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-weight:700;line-height:173%;">CURRENT REPORT</span></div><div style="text-align:center;"><span 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Employer</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;padding-left:2.25pt;padding-right:1pt;"><span style="font-size:8pt;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);">incorporation or organization)</span></td><td colspan="3" style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;padding-left:1pt;padding-right:1pt;"></td><td colspan="3" style="padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;padding-left:2.25pt;padding-right:1pt;"><span style="font-size:8pt;font-weight:700;font-style:italic;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);">Identification No.)</span></td></tr></table></div><div 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MS',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:144%;"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="i933b09da20b74fce9631cd36bd9e8999_D20200206-20200206" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox" name="dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" id="id3VybDovL2RvY3MudjEvZG9jOjU2ZjZmZTdkMzZjNzQzNWQ5MzhjOGIxYjI5ZmQzNDc1L3NlYzo1NmY2ZmU3ZDM2Yzc0MzVkOTM4YzhiMWIyOWZkMzQ3NV8xL2ZyYWc6ZjIyM2NmNjcyMjkwNDBmY2JmOWEyMTlmZTk1ODI1MDYvdGV4dHJlZ2lvbjpmMjIzY2Y2NzIyOTA0MGZjYmY5YTIxOWZlOTU4MjUwNl85MjA_79c102a0-31c7-4c3e-ab30-0a1efc52eb35">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:144%;">&#160;Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule&#160;13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</span></div><div style="position:relative;width:100%;height:72pt;"><div style="position:absolute;bottom:0;width:100%;"><div><span><br/></span></div></div></div><hr style="page-break-after:always"/><div style="height:72pt;width:100%;"><div><span><br/></span></div></div><div><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Ac</span><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;">t:</span></div><div><span><br/></span></div><div style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:6pt;"><table style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;border-collapse:collapse;text-align:left;text-indent:0pt;display:inline-table;width:98.878%;"><tr><td style="width:1.0%;"></td><td style="width:36.897%;"></td><td style="width:1.0%;"></td><td style="width:1.0%;"></td><td style="width:19.393%;"></td><td style="width:1.0%;"></td><td style="width:1.0%;"></td><td style="width:37.710%;"></td><td 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0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;">Emerging growth company  </span><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Arial Unicode MS',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="i933b09da20b74fce9631cd36bd9e8999_D20200206-20200206" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox" name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" id="id3VybDovL2RvY3MudjEvZG9jOjU2ZjZmZTdkMzZjNzQzNWQ5MzhjOGIxYjI5ZmQzNDc1L3NlYzo1NmY2ZmU3ZDM2Yzc0MzVkOTM4YzhiMWIyOWZkMzQ3NV8xL2ZyYWc6ZjIyM2NmNjcyMjkwNDBmY2JmOWEyMTlmZTk1ODI1MDYvdGV4dHJlZ2lvbjpmMjIzY2Y2NzIyOTA0MGZjYmY5YTIxOWZlOTU4MjUwNl8xMzU0_5afb3d83-47c8-4dbd-a10a-4ab50d71ccb4">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;"> </span></div><div><span><br/></span></div><div><span 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style="position:relative;width:100%;height:72pt;"><div style="position:absolute;bottom:0;width:100%;"><div><span><br/></span></div></div></div><hr style="page-break-after:always"/><div style="height:72pt;width:100%;"><div><span><br/></span></div></div><div style="margin-bottom:12pt;-sec-extract:summary;"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:144%;">Item 1.01 Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement.</span></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">Our newly-formed subsidiary Adjacent Acquisition Co., LLC entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement dated February 11, 2020 with Icagen, Inc., Icagen Corp., XRPro Sciences, Inc. and Caldera Discovery, Inc. (collectively, &#8220;Icagen&#8221;) whereby the Ligand subsidiary will acquire the core assets of Icagen&#8217;s North Carolina operations, including two significant partnered programs, proprietary ion channel screening and assay platforms, x-ray fluorescence capabilities, custom screening technologies, novel unpartnered preclinical-stage molecules and six preclinical-stage internal programs, for $15 million in cash. Icagen will also be entitled to receive up to an additional $25 million of cash payments based on certain revenue achievements.</span></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><span><br/></span></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><span><br/></span></div><div style="text-align:justify;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:144%;">Item 8.01 Other Events.</span></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">On February 11, 2020, we issued a press release regarding the Icagen transaction. A copy of this press release is filed as Exhibit 99.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated by reference herein. </span></div><div style="text-align:justify;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span><br/></span></div><div style="margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:144%;">Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits.</span></div><div style="margin-bottom:19pt;"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%;">(d)&#160;Exhibits.</span></div><div style="margin-bottom:6pt;"><table style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;border-collapse:collapse;text-align:left;text-indent:0pt;display:inline-table;width:100.000%;"><tr><td style="width:1.0%;"></td><td style="width:12.150%;"></td><td style="width:1.0%;"></td><td style="width:1.0%;"></td><td style="width:83.850%;"></td><td style="width:1.0%;"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding-left:1pt;padding-right:1pt;"><div style="padding-right:3pt;text-align:center;margin-bottom:2pt;"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%;">Exhibit No.</span></div></td><td colspan="3" style="padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding-left:1pt;padding-right:1pt;"><div style="padding-right:2pt;margin-bottom:2pt;"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;line-height:100%;">Description</span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:top;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding-left:1pt;padding-right:1pt;"><div style="padding-right:3pt;text-align:center;margin-bottom:2pt;"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#0000ff;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%;text-decoration: underline;"><a style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#0000ff;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%;text-decoration: underline;-sec-extract:exhibit;" href="exhibit991.htm">99.1</a></span></div></td><td colspan="3" style="padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:top;border-top:1pt solid #000000;padding-left:1pt;padding-right:1pt;"><div style="padding-left:3pt;padding-right:-3pt;margin-bottom:2pt;"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%;">Press release dated February 11, 2020.</span></div></td></tr></table></div><div style="margin-top:3pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span><br/></span></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><span><br/></span></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><span><br/></span></div><div><span><br/></span></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><span><br/></span></div><div style="margin-top:6pt;"><span><br/></span></div><div style="margin-bottom:12pt;"><span><br/></span></div><div style="position:relative;width:100%;height:72pt;"><div style="position:absolute;bottom:0;width:100%;"><div><span><br/></span></div></div></div><hr style="page-break-after:always"/><div style="height:72pt;width:100%;"><div><span><br/></span></div></div><div style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-weight:700;line-height:120%;">SIGNATURES</span></div><div style="text-indent:36pt;text-align:justify;margin-bottom:20pt;"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:120%;">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.</span></div><div style="padding-left:18pt;margin-bottom:6pt;"><table style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;border-collapse:collapse;text-align:left;text-indent:0pt;display:inline-table;width:95.993%;"><tr><td style="width:1.0%;"></td><td style="width:40.070%;"></td><td style="width:1.0%;"></td><td style="width:1.0%;"></td><td style="width:55.930%;"></td><td style="width:1.0%;"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;padding-left:1pt;padding-right:1pt;"></td><td colspan="3" style="padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding-left:2.25pt;padding-right:1pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-weight:700;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);">LIGAND PHARMACEUTICALS INCORPORATED</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="height:11pt;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;padding-left:1pt;padding-right:1pt;"></td><td colspan="3" style="height:11pt;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;padding-left:1pt;padding-right:1pt;"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding-left:2.25pt;padding-right:1pt;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);">Date: February 11, 2020</span></td><td colspan="3" style="padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding-left:1pt;padding-right:1pt;"><div style="text-indent:-33.75pt;padding-left:38.25pt;padding-right:2.25pt;margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:2pt;"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%;">By:   </span><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%;text-decoration: underline;">/s/ Charles S. Berkman         </span></div><div style="text-indent:-33.75pt;padding-left:38.25pt;padding-right:2.25pt;margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:2pt;"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%;">Name:    Charles S. Berkman</span></div><div style="text-indent:-33.75pt;padding-left:38.25pt;padding-right:2.25pt;margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:2pt;"><span style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:10pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%;">Title:    Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary </span></div></td></tr></table></div><div style="margin-top:9pt;"><span><br/></span></div><div style="text-indent:36pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span><br/></span></div><div style="position:relative;width:100%;height:72pt;"><div style="position:absolute;bottom:0;width:100%;"><div><span><br/></span></div></div></div></body></html>
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<title>Document</title></head><body><div id="i_0_1"></div><div style="height:42.75pt;width:100%;"><div><font><br></font></div></div><div><img alt="image11.jpg" src="image11.jpg" style="height:69px;width:196px;"></div><div style="margin-bottom:7pt;"><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:center;margin-bottom:6pt;"><table style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;border-collapse:collapse;text-align:left;text-indent:0pt;display:inline-table;width:100.000%;"><tr><td style="width:1.0%;"></td><td style="width:64.666%;"></td><td style="width:1.0%;"></td><td style="width:1.0%;"></td><td style="width:31.334%;"></td><td style="width:1.0%;"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;padding-left:1pt;padding-right:1pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;font-weight:700;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);">Contacts&#58;</font></td><td colspan="3" style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;padding-left:1pt;padding-right:1pt;"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;padding-left:1pt;padding-right:1pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);">Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated</font></td><td colspan="3" style="padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;padding-left:1pt;padding-right:1pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);">LHA Investor Relations</font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;padding-left:1pt;padding-right:1pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);">Patrick O'Brien</font></td><td colspan="3" style="padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;padding-left:1pt;padding-right:1pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);">Bruce Voss</font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;padding-left:1pt;padding-right:1pt;"><div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:2pt;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%;">Email&#58; </font><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#0000ff;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%;text-decoration: underline;">investors&#64;ligand.com</font></div><div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:2pt;"><font><br></font></div><div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:2pt;"><font><br></font></div></td><td colspan="3" style="padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;padding-left:1pt;padding-right:1pt;"><div style="margin-top:2pt;margin-bottom:2pt;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%;">Email&#58; </font><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#0000ff;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:100%;text-decoration: underline;">bvoss&#64;lhai.com</font></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;padding-left:1pt;padding-right:1pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);">Phone&#58; (858) 550-7893</font></td><td colspan="3" style="padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;padding-left:1pt;padding-right:1pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);">Phone&#58; (310) 691-7100</font></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;padding-left:1pt;padding-right:1pt;"><font style="font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);">Twitter&#58; &#64;Ligand_LGND</font></td><td colspan="3" style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;padding-left:1pt;padding-right:1pt;"></td></tr></table></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:center;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-weight:700;line-height:115%;">Ligand Agrees to Acquire Core Assets, Partnered Programs and</font></div><div style="text-align:center;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-weight:700;line-height:115%;">Ion Channel Technologies from Icagen</font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:center;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:700;line-height:115%;">Transaction Expected to be Immediately Accretive to Revenues and Adjusted EPS</font></div><div style="text-align:center;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:700;line-height:115%;">Slides to accompany this announcement are posted to Ligand.com</font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:700;line-height:115%;">SAN DIEGO (February 11, 2020) &#8211; Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (NASDAQ&#58; LGND) </font><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">announces the signing of an agreement whereby Ligand will acquire the core assets of Icagen, Inc.&#8217;s North Carolina operations, including partnered programs, proprietary ion channel screening and assay platforms, x-ray fluorescence capabilities, custom screening technologies and novel unpartnered preclinical-stage molecules for $15 million in cash. Icagen will also be entitled to receive up to an additional $25 million of cash payments based on certain revenue achievements. </font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">The acquired assets include Icagen&#8217;s partnered programs with Roche focused on neurological diseases, and with the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (CFF) focused on cystic fibrosis. Ligand is also acquiring six Icagen preclinical-stage internal programs targeting diabetes, Parkinson&#8217;s disease, pain and other disorders.</font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">&#34;This is an ideal transaction for Ligand, providing a valuable technology platform with high-value partnerships within a cash-flow positive and profitable business. Icagen has built deep expertise focused on ion channels and transporters to support target identification and evaluation, and has an established track record in ion channel drug discovery from screening to lead optimization,&#34; said John Higgins, Chief Executive Officer of Ligand. &#34;We expect these capabilities will be synergistic across multiple technology platforms at Ligand, particularly with Vernalis and in novel OmniAb antibody discovery targeting ion channels and transporters. We are very pleased with how 2020 is starting, and we look forward to delivering more opportunities with investment in our business and further acquisitions.&#34; </font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">Richard Cunningham, Chief Executive Officer of Icagen, commented &#8220;I am excited that Ligand will be continuing to advance the progress Icagen has made with our technologies, and am proud of our entire team&#8217;s accomplishments to date. In addition to the expertise in ion channel drug discovery, the expertise that Ligand is acquiring from Icagen in medicinal chemistry, </font><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">in silico</font><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;"> and computational chemistry will complement and expand the drug-discovery efforts currently ongoing at Ligand.&#8221;</font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">This transaction is subject to certain closing conditions, including a vote of Icagen stockholders, and is expected to close in April 2020. Slides that provide additional information related to this transaction are available here on the Ligand website. </font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="position:relative;width:100%;height:42.75pt;"><div style="position:absolute;bottom:0;width:100%;"><div><font><br></font></div></div></div><hr style="page-break-after:always"><div style="height:42.75pt;width:100%;"><div><font><br></font></div></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:700;line-height:115%;">Updated 2020 Financial Outlook</font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">Including this acquisition, Ligand now expects 2020 total revenues to be $128 million, up from $121 million projected previously. This new guidance assumes approximately $7 million of revenue from the Icagen business in 2020. In 2020, adjusted earnings per diluted share is now projected to be $3.45, up from $3.40 previously.</font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">The contribution of the acquired Icagen assets and business to Ligand is currently expected to increase in 2021, with revenues of approximately $12 million and adjusted earnings per diluted share of approximately $0.25. </font><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;"> </font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:700;line-height:115%;">Use of Non-GAAP Adjusted Financial Measures</font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">Ligand reports adjusted net income per diluted share in addition to, and not as a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. Ligand&#8217;s financial measures under GAAP include share-based compensation expense, amortization of debt-related costs, amortization related to acquisitions and intangible assets, amortization of commercial license and other economic rights, changes in contingent liabilities, acquisition and integration costs, mark-to-market adjustments for amounts relating to its equity investments in public companies, excess tax benefit from share-based compensation, unissued shares relating to its Senior Convertible Notes, gain on the sale of Promacta and others that are listed in the itemized reconciliations between GAAP and adjusted financial measures in our SEC filings and earnings press releases.</font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">However, other than with respect to total revenues, Ligand only provides financial guidance on an adjusted basis and does not provide reconciliations of such forward-looking adjusted measures to GAAP due to the inherent difficulty in forecasting and quantifying certain amounts that are necessary for such reconciliation, including adjustments that could be made for changes in contingent liabilities, changes in the market value of its investments in public companies, share-based compensation expense and effects of any discrete income tax items. Management has excluded the effects of these items in its adjusted measures to assist investors in analyzing and assessing Ligand&#8217;s past and future core operating performance. Additionally, adjusted earnings per diluted share is a key component of the financial metrics utilized by Ligand&#8217;s board of directors to measure, in part, management&#8217;s performance and determine significant elements of management&#8217;s compensation.</font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:700;line-height:115%;">About Icagen</font><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#0000ff;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:700;line-height:115%;"> </font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">Icagen is an early stage drug discovery company focused on neuroscience and rare diseases with research facilities located in Durham, NC and Oro Valley (Tucson), AZ. Icagen partners with the pharmaceutical industry to develop first-in-class therapies for patients in need whereby Icagen assists with the drug discovery and its partners fund the clinical development and commercialization. For more information, please visit </font><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#0000ff;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">www.icagen.com</font><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">.</font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:700;line-height:115%;">About the Icagen and Roche Partnership</font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">In December 2018, Icagen entered into collaboration with Roche to develop and commercialize therapies for neurological diseases. The collaboration included an initial program utilizing Icagen&#8217;s proprietary drug discovery platform. Under the terms of the agreement, Roche made a cash upfront payment and provides research funding to Icagen. In addition, Icagen is eligible to receive development and commercial milestone payments of up to $274 million, and royalty payments should a drug be commercialized. Icagen is responsible for all preclinical activities up to lead optimization, with both Icagen and Roche applying resources to identify candidates for entry into IND-enabling studies. Roche will be responsible for the further development and commercialization of the program. </font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:700;line-height:115%;">About the Icagen and Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Partnership</font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">Icagen previously announced an award from the CFF for a collaboration project that is focused on the discovery of therapeutics to treat patients with cystic fibrosis caused by nonsense mutations. The CFF brings resources and expertise to the project and, additionally, awarded Icagen up to $11 million to support an integrated, multiyear drug-discovery initiative. Icagen expects to screen over 2 million compounds as well as leverage its </font><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-style:italic;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">in silico</font><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;"> drug </font></div><div style="position:relative;width:100%;height:42.75pt;"><div style="position:absolute;bottom:0;width:100%;"><div><font><br></font></div></div></div><hr style="page-break-after:always"><div style="height:42.75pt;width:100%;"><div><font><br></font></div></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">discovery platform to interrogate an additional 10 million virtual structures for molecules that suppress nonsense mutations. Through these efforts, Icagen intends to discover and evolve families of molecules that are suitable for clinical development. Icagen is eligible to receive additional milestones and royalties on sales, should a product be commercialized.</font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disease marked by defects in a protein, known as the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. Nonsense mutations in the CFTR gene result in the premature termination of protein synthesis and the formation of truncated, non-functional CFTR. Patients with these mutations in both copies of their CFTR genes currently have no therapies that treat the underlying cause of their disease. The aim of this program is to provide these patients with a transformative therapeutic that will markedly improve their quality of life and extend their lifespan.</font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:700;line-height:115%;">About Ligand Pharmaceuticals</font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">Ligand is a biopharmaceutical company focused on developing or acquiring technologies that help pharmaceutical companies discover and develop medicines. Our business model creates value for stockholders by providing a diversified portfolio of biotech and pharmaceutical product revenue streams that are supported by an efficient and low corporate cost structure. Our goal is to offer investors an opportunity to participate in the promise of the biotech industry in a profitable, diversified and lower-risk business than a typical biotech company. Our business model is based on doing what we do best&#58; drug discovery, early-stage drug development, product reformulation and partnering. We partner with other pharmaceutical companies to leverage what they do best (late-stage development, regulatory management and commercialization) to ultimately generate our revenue. Ligand&#8217;s OmniAb technology platform is a patent-protected transgenic animal platform used in the discovery of fully human mono- and bispecific therapeutic antibodies. The Captisol&#174; platform technology is a patent-protected, chemically modified cyclodextrin with a structure designed to optimize the solubility and stability of drugs. The Vernalis Design Platform (VDP) integrates protein structure determination and engineering, fragment screening and molecular modeling, with medicinal chemistry, to help enable success in novel drug discovery programs against highly-challenging targets. Ab Initio&#8482; technology and services for the design and preparation of customized antigens enable the successful discovery of therapeutic antibodies against difficult-to-access cellular targets. Ligand has established multiple alliances, licenses and other business relationships with the world&#8217;s leading pharmaceutical companies including Amgen, Merck, Pfizer, Gilead, Janssen, Baxter International and Eli Lilly. For more information, please visit </font><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#0000ff;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:12pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">www.ligand.com. </font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">Follow Ligand on Twitter &#64;Ligand_LGND.</font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:700;line-height:115%;">Forward-Looking Statements </font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">This news release contains forward-looking statements by Ligand that involve risks and uncertainties and reflect Ligand&#8217;s judgment as of the date of this release. The risks related to the Icagen transaction include the risk that the acquisition is not completed, due to the failure of the parties to satisfy the closing conditions, or a material adverse change in Icagen&#8217;s business before the planned closing. Further, the anticipated benefits of the acquisition may not be realized, or may be affected by competition or other external events. There are additional risks that apply to statements regarding the assets and business being acquired from Icagen, the profitability of the assets and business being acquired from Icagen and the availability of synergies with Ligand&#8217;s Vernalis and OmniAb businesses. Actual events or results may differ from our expectations. For example, there can be no assurance that the Roche or CFF programs will be able to successfully identify any desirable drug candidates or that any drug candidates developed in such programs would be clinically or commercially successful, all of which might result in the potential milestone payments and royalties not being earned&#59; Ligand&#8217;s ability to manage and integrate the assets and business acquired from Icagen&#59; the availability of Icagen technology might not generate additional Vernalis and&#47;or OmniAb business for Ligand&#59; and Ligand&#8217;s Vernalis and&#47;or OmniAb partners might choose not to utilize Icagen technology (or might not achieve successful results, if they do). The failure to meet expectations with respect to any of the foregoing matters may reduce Ligand&#8217;s stock price. Additional information concerning these and other important risk factors affecting Ligand can be found in Ligand&#8217;s prior press releases available at www.ligand.com as well as in Ligand&#8217;s public periodic filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, available at www.sec.gov. Ligand disclaims any intent or obligation to update these forward-looking statements beyond the date of this press release, </font></div><div style="position:relative;width:100%;height:42.75pt;"><div style="position:absolute;bottom:0;width:100%;"><div><font><br></font></div></div></div><hr style="page-break-after:always"><div style="height:42.75pt;width:100%;"><div><font><br></font></div></div><div style="text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;">except as required by law. This caution is made under the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.</font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div style="text-align:center;"><font style="background-color:rgb(255,255,255, 0.0);color:#000000;font-family:'Times New Roman',sans-serif;font-size:11pt;font-weight:400;line-height:115%;"># # #</font></div><div style="position:relative;width:100%;height:42.75pt;"><div style="position:absolute;bottom:0;width:100%;"><div><font><br></font></div></div></div></body></html>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="lab_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_DocumentType_fe49c70d-6c18-454e-8a7a-edbf4da11337_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentType" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Document Type</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_DocumentType_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentType" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Document Type</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentType" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentType"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentType" xlink:to="lab_dei_DocumentType" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_CoverAbstract_669dae14-6bf1-4463-98c5-91fc0798b960_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cover page.</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_CoverAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cover page.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="lab_dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_CityAreaCode_a5465f54-8870-492c-b773-4addb92569d7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_CityAreaCode_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="lab_dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_32120703-6461-4e6d-ac00-66f5d45328a0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityFileNumber_f3a211b1-888d-4462-b12c-ad2d30c02d53_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity File Number</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityFileNumber_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity File Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_2945eae8-8089-40cc-8780-00956eb81e27_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_510d27d8-a0d1-4de9-9509-07e992dc98fc_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_cff67126-ea66-4695-bed3-fd479d28c9c1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_SecurityExchangeName_4e1f4b5c-e1ca-402c-9fa9-486ec7841efd_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_SecurityExchangeName_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="lab_dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_754d2bbc-7a58-4d7e-ad48-c8dfd6dcaf67_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityRegistrantName_7386a3b1-6ab0-40d0-88bf-cfc60c899a11_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityRegistrantName_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_fceefac6-c4f5-4122-91a1-916ded3e14ad_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="lab_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_42447e9c-b598-40ad-b031-f3efecd1ff06_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_3a8cbfd6-6c02-47fb-882f-9481e76f63a4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_77f05703-1c8e-4698-9336-ad8d58383f91_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="lab_dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_WrittenCommunications_8f3fa608-a44a-484a-9290-c3b62d41dc4b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Written Communications</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_WrittenCommunications_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Written Communications</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="lab_dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_SolicitingMaterial_dd553038-158e-4be0-9a63-814e64bb07c8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Soliciting Material</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_SolicitingMaterial_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Soliciting Material</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="lab_dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_TradingSymbol_78647046-be72-464c-ba88-33faf5f50dc6_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_TradingSymbol_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="lab_dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_4ad52ff2-9bad-4e3e-8eae-935a6fddbdd5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2019/dei-2019-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_Security12bTitle_1859a398-a08a-490d-857f-5d6a679f8584_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_Security12bTitle_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>ZIP
<SEQUENCE>10
<FILENAME>0000886163-20-000009-xbrl.zip
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EXCEL
<SEQUENCE>11
<FILENAME>Financial_Report.xlsx
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
begin 644 Financial_Report.xlsx
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<span style="display: none;">v3.19.3.a.u2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6626648704">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover Page<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Feb. 06, 2020</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover page.</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000886163<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Feb. 11,  2020<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">LIGAND PHARMACEUTICALS INC<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-33093<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">77-0160744<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">3911 Sorrento Valley Boulevard, Suite 110<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">San Diego<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">CA<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">92121<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">858<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">550-7500<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">LGND<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The end date of the period reflected on the cover page if a periodic report. For all other reports and registration statements containing historical data, it is the date up through which that historical data is presented.  If there is no historical data in the report, use the filing date. The format of the date is CCYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
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