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Leases
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Leases [Abstract]  
Leases Leases
Finance lease

In May 2020 and January 2021, we entered into an agreement and the first amendment with Hovione, our third-party manufacturer, to increase our manufacturing of Captisol, respectively. The agreements are considered to include an embedded finance lease under ASC 842, Leases, as it provides the Company the right to use the underlying equipment to exclusively
manufacture Captisol. As of December 31, 2021, we have fully paid consideration of $69.1 million for prepaid inventory and capacity ramp-up fee. We allocated consideration in the agreements between lease and non-lease components using relative standalone prices. Since the inception of the agreements, we have allocated $50.2 million of the consideration paid to the non-lease component which is accounted for as prepaid inventory and being amortized to cost of Captisol based on the usage. As of December 31, 2021 the Hovione finance lease has no remaining lease liability and the right of use asset balance is $16.1 million. The right of use asset is to be amortized straight-line over the remaining seven year lease term.

Operating lease

We lease certain office facilities and equipment primarily under various operating leases. Our operating leases have remaining contractual terms up to ten years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to ten years. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees, material restrictive covenants, or material termination options. Our operating lease costs are primarily related to facility leases for administration offices and research and development facilities.

Lease assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement of an arrangement where it is determined at inception that a lease exists. Lease assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. These assets and liabilities are initially recognized based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term calculated using our incremental borrowing rate generally applicable to the location of the lease asset, unless the implicit rate is readily determinable. Lease assets also include any upfront lease payments made and lease incentives. Lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that those options will be exercised.

In addition to base rent, certain of our operating leases require variable payments, such as insurance and common area maintenance. These variable lease costs, other than those dependent upon an index or rate, are expensed when the obligation for those payments is incurred. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet, and the expense for these short-term leases and for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The depreciable life of lease assets and leasehold improvements is limited by the expected lease term, unless there is a transfer of title or purchase option reasonably certain of exercise.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, we entered into several new lease agreements including our Emeryville headquarter and animal facility expansion and a new Icagen office lease, which resulted in an increase in operating lease right of use assets of $12.7 million and lease liabilities of $13.2 million as of December 31, 2021 for the portion of the lease with a starting accounting lease commencement date during the period.

Operating and Finance Lease Assets and Liabilities (in thousands):
December 31, 2021December 31, 2020
Assets
Operating lease assets$16,542 $6,892 
Finance lease assets16,207 15,842 
                 Total lease assets$32,749 $22,734 
Liabilities
Current operating lease liabilities$2,053 $1,885 
Current finance lease liabilities46 6,593 
2,099 8,478 
Long-term operating lease liabilities15,494 5,643 
Long-term finance lease liabilities58 112 
                  Total lease liabilities $17,651 $14,233 

Maturity of Operating and Finance Lease Liabilities as of December 31, 2021 (in thousands):
Maturity DatesOperating LeasesFinance Leases
2022$3,653 $56 
20233,414 49 
20242,716 4 
20252,614 — 
20262,670 — 
Thereafter10,832 — 
Total lease payments25,899 109 
Less tenant improvement allowance(4,327)— 
Less imputed interest(4,025)(5)
Present value of lease liabilities$17,547 $104 

As of December 31, 2021, our operating leases have a weighted-average remaining lease term of 8.1 years and a weighted-average discount rate of 4.1%. As of December 31, 2020, our operating leases have a weighted-average remaining lease term of 4.4 years and a weighted-average discount rate of 5.7%. Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities was $2.6 million and $2.4 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Operating lease expense was $2.6 million (net of sublease income of $0.4 million) and $2.1 million (net of sublease income of $0.3 million) for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

As of December 31, 2021, our finance leases have a weighted-average remaining lease term of 7.0 years and a weighted-average discount rate of 3.0%. As of December 31, 2020, our finance leases have a weighted-average remaining lease term of 7.9 years and a weighted-average discount rate of 3.5%. Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of these finance lease liabilities was $9.3 million and $9.7 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Finance lease expense was $2.3 million and 0.2 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Leases Leases
Finance lease

In May 2020 and January 2021, we entered into an agreement and the first amendment with Hovione, our third-party manufacturer, to increase our manufacturing of Captisol, respectively. The agreements are considered to include an embedded finance lease under ASC 842, Leases, as it provides the Company the right to use the underlying equipment to exclusively
manufacture Captisol. As of December 31, 2021, we have fully paid consideration of $69.1 million for prepaid inventory and capacity ramp-up fee. We allocated consideration in the agreements between lease and non-lease components using relative standalone prices. Since the inception of the agreements, we have allocated $50.2 million of the consideration paid to the non-lease component which is accounted for as prepaid inventory and being amortized to cost of Captisol based on the usage. As of December 31, 2021 the Hovione finance lease has no remaining lease liability and the right of use asset balance is $16.1 million. The right of use asset is to be amortized straight-line over the remaining seven year lease term.

Operating lease

We lease certain office facilities and equipment primarily under various operating leases. Our operating leases have remaining contractual terms up to ten years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to ten years. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees, material restrictive covenants, or material termination options. Our operating lease costs are primarily related to facility leases for administration offices and research and development facilities.

Lease assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement of an arrangement where it is determined at inception that a lease exists. Lease assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. These assets and liabilities are initially recognized based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term calculated using our incremental borrowing rate generally applicable to the location of the lease asset, unless the implicit rate is readily determinable. Lease assets also include any upfront lease payments made and lease incentives. Lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that those options will be exercised.

In addition to base rent, certain of our operating leases require variable payments, such as insurance and common area maintenance. These variable lease costs, other than those dependent upon an index or rate, are expensed when the obligation for those payments is incurred. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet, and the expense for these short-term leases and for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The depreciable life of lease assets and leasehold improvements is limited by the expected lease term, unless there is a transfer of title or purchase option reasonably certain of exercise.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, we entered into several new lease agreements including our Emeryville headquarter and animal facility expansion and a new Icagen office lease, which resulted in an increase in operating lease right of use assets of $12.7 million and lease liabilities of $13.2 million as of December 31, 2021 for the portion of the lease with a starting accounting lease commencement date during the period.

Operating and Finance Lease Assets and Liabilities (in thousands):
December 31, 2021December 31, 2020
Assets
Operating lease assets$16,542 $6,892 
Finance lease assets16,207 15,842 
                 Total lease assets$32,749 $22,734 
Liabilities
Current operating lease liabilities$2,053 $1,885 
Current finance lease liabilities46 6,593 
2,099 8,478 
Long-term operating lease liabilities15,494 5,643 
Long-term finance lease liabilities58 112 
                  Total lease liabilities $17,651 $14,233 

Maturity of Operating and Finance Lease Liabilities as of December 31, 2021 (in thousands):
Maturity DatesOperating LeasesFinance Leases
2022$3,653 $56 
20233,414 49 
20242,716 4 
20252,614 — 
20262,670 — 
Thereafter10,832 — 
Total lease payments25,899 109 
Less tenant improvement allowance(4,327)— 
Less imputed interest(4,025)(5)
Present value of lease liabilities$17,547 $104 

As of December 31, 2021, our operating leases have a weighted-average remaining lease term of 8.1 years and a weighted-average discount rate of 4.1%. As of December 31, 2020, our operating leases have a weighted-average remaining lease term of 4.4 years and a weighted-average discount rate of 5.7%. Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities was $2.6 million and $2.4 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Operating lease expense was $2.6 million (net of sublease income of $0.4 million) and $2.1 million (net of sublease income of $0.3 million) for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

As of December 31, 2021, our finance leases have a weighted-average remaining lease term of 7.0 years and a weighted-average discount rate of 3.0%. As of December 31, 2020, our finance leases have a weighted-average remaining lease term of 7.9 years and a weighted-average discount rate of 3.5%. Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of these finance lease liabilities was $9.3 million and $9.7 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Finance lease expense was $2.3 million and 0.2 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.