10-Q 1 copt10q03312017document.htm 10-Q

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark one)

ý | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended | March 31, 2017

or

o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from |  | to |

Commission file number 1-14023 (Corporate Office Properties Trust)
Commission file number 333-189188 (Corporate Office Properties, L.P.)
Corporate Office Properties Trust
Corporate Office Properties, L.P.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Corporate Office Properties Trust |  | Maryland |  | 23-2947217
|  | (State or other jurisdiction of |  | (IRS Employer
|  | incorporation or organization) |  | Identification No.)
Corporate Office Properties, L.P. |  | Delaware |  | 23-2930022
|  | (State or other jurisdiction of |  | (IRS Employer
|  | incorporation or organization) |  | Identification No.)

6711 Columbia Gateway Drive, Suite 300, Columbia, MD | 21046
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (443) 285-5400
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Corporate Office Properties Trust ý Yes o No
Corporate Office Properties, L.P. ý Yes o No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Corporate Office Properties Trust ý Yes o No
Corporate Office Properties, L.P. ý Yes o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Corporate Office Properties Trust

Large accelerated filer ý |  | Accelerated filer o |  | Non-accelerated filer o |  | Smaller reporting company o | Emerging growth company o
|  |  |  | (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |  |  |

Corporate Office Properties, L.P.

Large accelerated filer ý |  | Accelerated filer o |  | Non-accelerated filer o |  | Smaller reporting company o | Emerging growth company o
|  |  |  | (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |  |  |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Corporate Office Properties Trust o
Corporate Office Properties, L.P. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act)
Corporate Office Properties Trust o Yes ý No
Corporate Office Properties, L.P. o Yes ý No
As of April 21, 2017, 99,433,410 of Corporate Office Properties Trust’s Common Shares of Beneficial Interest, $0.01 par value, were issued and outstanding.

EXPLANATORY NOTE
This report combines the quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2017 of Corporate Office Properties Trust (“COPT”) and subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) and Corporate Office Properties, L.P. (“COPLP”) and subsidiaries (collectively, the “Operating Partnership”). Unless stated otherwise or the context otherwise requires, “we,” “our,” and “us” refer collectively to COPT, COPLP and their subsidiaries.
COPT is a real estate investment trust, or REIT, and the sole general partner of COPLP. As of March 31, 2017, COPT owned approximately 96.7% of the outstanding common units and approximately 95.1% of the outstanding preferred units in COPLP; the remaining common and preferred units in COPLP were owned by third parties. As the sole general partner of COPLP, COPT controls COPLP and can cause it to enter into major transactions including acquisitions, dispositions and refinancings and cause changes in its line of business, capital structure and distribution policies.
There are a few differences between the Company and the Operating Partnership which are reflected in this Form 10-Q. We believe it is important to understand the differences between the Company and the Operating Partnership in the context of how the Company and the Operating Partnership operate as an interrelated, consolidated company. COPT is a real estate investment trust, whose only material asset is its ownership of partnership interests of COPLP. As a result, COPT does not conduct business itself, other than acting as the sole general partner of COPLP, issuing public equity from time to time and guaranteeing certain debt of COPLP. COPT itself is not directly obligated under any indebtedness but guarantees some of the debt of COPLP. COPLP owns substantially all of the assets of COPT either directly or through its subsidiaries, conducts almost all of the operations of the business and is structured as a limited partnership with no publicly traded equity. Except for net proceeds from public equity issuances by COPT, which are contributed to COPLP in exchange for partnership units, COPLP generates the capital required by COPT’s business through COPLP’s operations, by COPLP’s direct or indirect incurrence of indebtedness or through the issuance of partnership units.
Noncontrolling interests and shareholders’ equity and partners’ capital are the main areas of difference between the consolidated financial statements of COPT and those of COPLP. The common limited partnership interests in COPLP not

owned by COPT are accounted for as partners’ capital in COPLP’s consolidated financial statements and as noncontrolling interests in COPT’s consolidated financial statements. COPLP’s consolidated financial statements also reflect COPT’s noncontrolling interests in certain real estate partnerships, limited liability companies (“LLCs”) and corporations; the differences between shareholders’ equity, partners’ capital and noncontrolling interests result from the differences in the equity issued at the COPT and COPLP levels and in COPT’s noncontrolling interests in these real estate partnerships, LLCs, business trusts and corporations. The only other significant differences between the consolidated financial statements of COPT and those of COPLP are assets held in connection with a non-qualified elective deferred compensation plan (comprised primarily of mutual funds and equity securities) and the corresponding liability to the plan’s participants that are held directly by COPT.
We believe combining the quarterly reports on Form 10-Q of the Company and the Operating Partnership into this single report results in the following benefits:

• | combined reports better reflect how management and the analyst community view the business as a single operating unit;

• | combined reports enhance investors’ understanding of the Company and the Operating Partnership by enabling them to view the business as a whole and in the same manner as management;

• | combined reports are more efficient for the Company and the Operating Partnership and result in savings in time, effort and expense; and

• | combined reports are more efficient for investors by reducing duplicative disclosure and providing a single document for their review.

To help investors understand the significant differences between the Company and the Operating Partnership, this report presents the following separate sections for each of the Company and the Operating Partnership:

• | consolidated financial statements;

• | the following notes to the consolidated financial statements:

• | Note 3, Fair Value Measurements of COPT and subsidiaries and COPLP and subsidiaries; and

• | Note 14, Earnings per Share of COPT and subsidiaries and Earnings per Unit of COPLP and subsidiaries;

• | “Item 2: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and Capital Resources of COPT”; and

• | “Item 2: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and Capital Resources of COPLP.”

This report also includes separate sections under Part I, Item 4. Controls and Procedures and separate Exhibit 31 and Exhibit 32 certifications for each of COPT and COPLP to establish that the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer of each entity have made the requisite certifications and that COPT and COPLP are compliant with Rule 13a-15 and Rule 15d-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and 18 U.S.C. §1350.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
FORM 10-Q

| PAGE
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Item 1: | Financial Statements: |
Consolidated Financial Statements of Corporate Office Properties Trust |
| Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 (unaudited) | 3
| Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (unaudited) | 4
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (unaudited) | 5
| Consolidated Statements of Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (unaudited) | 6
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (unaudited) | 7
Consolidated Financial Statements of Corporate Office Properties, L.P. |
| Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 (unaudited) | 9
| Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (unaudited) | 10
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (unaudited) | 11
| Consolidated Statements of Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (unaudited) | 12
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (unaudited) | 13
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) | 15
Item 2: | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 33
Item 3: | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 44
Item 4: | Controls and Procedures | 45
PART II: OTHER INFORMATION |
Item 1: | Legal Proceedings | 45
Item 1A: | Risk Factors | 45
Item 2: | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 45
Item 3: | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 46
Item 4: | Mine Safety Disclosures | 46
Item 5: | Other Information | 46
Item 6: | Exhibits | 47
SIGNATURES | 48

2

PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. Financial Statements
Corporate Office Properties Trust and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)

| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Assets |  |  |  |  |
Properties, net: |  |  |  |  |
Operating properties, net | $ | 2,670,157 |  |  | $ | 2,671,831 |
Projects in development or held for future development | 422,857 |  |  | 401,531 |
Total properties, net | 3,093,014 |  |  | 3,073,362 |
Assets held for sale, net | 41,391 |  |  | 94,654 |
Cash and cash equivalents | 226,470 |  |  | 209,863 |
Restricted cash and marketable securities | 6,439 |  |  | 8,193 |
Investment in unconsolidated real estate joint venture | 25,417 |  |  | 25,548 |
Accounts receivable (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $446 and $603, respectively) | 29,431 |  |  | 34,438 |
Deferred rent receivable (net of allowance of $125 and $373, respectively) | 89,410 |  |  | 90,219 |
Intangible assets on real estate acquisitions, net | 73,748 |  |  | 78,351 |
Deferred leasing costs (net of accumulated amortization of $68,280 and $65,988, respectively) | 40,753 |  |  | 41,214 |
Investing receivables | 53,570 |  |  | 52,279 |
Prepaid expenses and other assets, net | 59,723 |  |  | 72,764 |
Total assets | $ | 3,739,366 |  |  | $ | 3,780,885 |
Liabilities and equity |  |  |  |  |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |
Debt, net | $ | 1,903,657 |  |  | $ | 1,904,001 |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | 83,107 |  |  | 108,682 |
Rents received in advance and security deposits | 28,393 |  |  | 29,798 |
Dividends and distributions payable | 31,131 |  |  | 31,335 |
Deferred revenue associated with operating leases | 11,750 |  |  | 12,666 |
Redeemable preferred shares of beneficial interest ($0.01 par value; shares issued and outstanding of 531,667 at December 31, 2016) | — |  |  | 26,583 |
Other liabilities | 55,784 |  |  | 50,177 |
Total liabilities | 2,113,822 |  |  | 2,163,242 |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15) |  |  |  |  |
Redeemable noncontrolling interests | 23,676 |  |  | 22,979 |
Equity: |  |  |  |  |
Corporate Office Properties Trust’s shareholders’ equity: |  |  |  |  |
Preferred Shares of beneficial interest at liquidation preference ($0.01 par value; 25,000,000 shares authorized, shares issued and outstanding of 6,900,000 at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016) | 172,500 |  |  | 172,500 |
Common Shares of beneficial interest ($0.01 par value; 125,000,000 shares authorized, shares issued and outstanding of 99,390,234 at March 31, 2017 and 98,498,651 at December 31, 2016) | 994 |  |  | 985 |
Additional paid-in capital | 2,136,369 |  |  | 2,116,581 |
Cumulative distributions in excess of net income | (774,445 | ) |  | (765,276 | )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (370 | ) |  | (1,731 | )
Total Corporate Office Properties Trust’s shareholders’ equity | 1,535,048 |  |  | 1,523,059 |
Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries: |  |  |  |  |
Common units in COPLP | 46,683 |  |  | 49,228 |
Preferred units in COPLP | 8,800 |  |  | 8,800 |
Other consolidated entities | 11,337 |  |  | 13,577 |
Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries | 66,820 |  |  | 71,605 |
Total equity | 1,601,868 |  |  | 1,594,664 |
Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interest and equity | $ | 3,739,366 |  |  | $ | 3,780,885 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
3

Corporate Office Properties Trust and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31,
|  | 2017 |  | 2016
Revenues |  |  |  |
Rental revenue |  | $ | 100,615 |  |  | $ | 105,382 |
Tenant recoveries and other real estate operations revenue |  | 26,152 |  |  | 27,705 |
Construction contract and other service revenues |  | 13,034 |  |  | 11,220 |
Total revenues |  | 139,801 |  |  | 144,307 |
Expenses |  |  |  |  |  |
Property operating expenses |  | 48,519 |  |  | 51,875 |
Depreciation and amortization associated with real estate operations |  | 33,059 |  |  | 34,527 |
Construction contract and other service expenses |  | 12,486 |  |  | 10,694 |
Impairment losses |  | — |  |  | 2,446 |
General, administrative and leasing expenses |  | 8,611 |  |  | 11,883 |
Business development expenses and land carry costs |  | 1,693 |  |  | 2,418 |
Total operating expenses |  | 104,368 |  |  | 113,843 |
Operating income |  | 35,433 |  |  | 30,464 |
Interest expense |  | (18,994 | ) |  | (23,559 | )
Interest and other income |  | 1,726 |  |  | 1,156 |
Gain on early extinguishment of debt |  | — |  |  | 17 |
Income before equity in income of unconsolidated entities and income taxes |  | 18,165 |  |  | 8,078 |
Equity in income of unconsolidated entities |  | 725 |  |  | 10 |
Income tax (expense) benefit |  | (40 | ) |  | 8 |
Income before gain on sales of real estate |  | 18,850 |  |  | 8,096 |
Gain on sales of real estate |  | 4,238 |  |  | — |
Net income |  | 23,088 |  |  | 8,096 |
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests: |  |  |  |  |  |
Common units in COPLP |  | (634 | ) |  | (127 | )
Preferred units in COPLP |  | (165 | ) |  | (165 | )
Other consolidated entities |  | (934 | ) |  | (978 | )
Net income attributable to COPT |  | 21,355 |  |  | 6,826 |
Preferred share dividends |  | (3,180 | ) |  | (3,552 | )
Net income attributable to COPT common shareholders |  | $ | 18,175 |  |  | $ | 3,274 |
Earnings per common share: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income attributable to COPT common shareholders - basic |  | $ | 0.18 |  |  | $ | 0.03 |
Net income attributable to COPT common shareholders - diluted |  | $ | 0.18 |  |  | $ | 0.03 |
Dividends declared per common share |  | $ | 0.275 |  |  | $ | 0.275 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
4

Corporate Office Properties Trust and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(in thousands)
(unaudited)

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31,
|  | 2017 |  | 2016
Net income |  | $ | 23,088 |  |  | $ | 8,096 |
Other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate derivatives |  | 224 |  |  | (11,284 | )
Loss on interest rate derivatives included in interest expense |  | 1,184 |  |  | 870 |
Other comprehensive income (loss) |  | 1,408 |  |  | (10,414 | )
Comprehensive income (loss) |  | 24,496 |  |  | (2,318 | )
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests |  | (1,780 | ) |  | (880 | )
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to COPT |  | $ | 22,716 |  |  | $ | (3,198 | )

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
5

Corporate Office Properties Trust and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Equity
(Dollars in thousands)
(unaudited)

| Preferred Shares |  | Common Shares |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  | Cumulative Distributions in Excess of Net Income |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Noncontrolling Interests |  | Total
Balance at December 31, 2015 (94,531,512 common shares outstanding) | $ | 199,083 |  |  | $ | 945 |  |  | $ | 2,004,507 |  |  | $ | (657,172 | ) |  | $ | (2,838 | ) |  | $ | 72,039 |  |  | $ | 1,616,564 |
Costs associated with common shares issued to the public | — |  |  | — |  |  | (5 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (5 | )
Share-based compensation (129,869 shares issued, net of redemptions) | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 2,423 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,425 |
Redemption of vested equity awards | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,154 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,154 | )
Adjustments to noncontrolling interests resulting from changes in ownership of COPLP | — |  |  | — |  |  | 54 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (54 | ) |  | — |
Comprehensive loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,826 |  |  | (10,024 | ) |  | 320 |  |  | (2,878 | )
Dividends | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (29,589 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (29,589 | )
Distributions to owners of common and preferred units in COPLP | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,176 | ) |  | (1,176 | )
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in other consolidated entities | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4 | ) |  | (4 | )
Adjustment to arrive at fair value of redeemable noncontrolling interests | — |  |  | — |  |  | (302 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (302 | )
Balance at March 31, 2016 (94,661,381 common shares outstanding) | $ | 199,083 |  |  | $ | 947 |  |  | $ | 2,005,523 |  |  | $ | (679,935 | ) |  | $ | (12,862 | ) |  | $ | 71,125 |  |  | $ | 1,583,881 |
Balance at December 31, 2016 (98,498,651 common shares outstanding) | $ | 172,500 |  |  | $ | 985 |  |  | $ | 2,116,581 |  |  | $ | (765,276 | ) |  | $ | (1,731 | ) |  | $ | 71,605 |  |  | $ | 1,594,664 |
Conversion of common units to common shares (185,000 shares) | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 2,535 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,537 | ) |  | — |
Common shares issued under at-the-market program (546,782 shares) | — |  |  | 5 |  |  | 18,217 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 18,222 |
Share-based compensation (159,801 shares issued, net of redemptions) | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 1,580 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,582 |
Redemption of vested equity awards | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,753 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,753 | )
Adjustments to noncontrolling interests resulting from changes in ownership of COPLP | — |  |  | — |  |  | (246 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 246 |  |  | — |
Comprehensive income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 21,355 |  |  | 1,361 |  |  | 1,213 |  |  | 23,929 |
Dividends | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (30,524 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (30,524 | )
Distributions to owners of common and preferred units in COPLP | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,101 | ) |  | (1,101 | )
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in other consolidated entities | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,606 | ) |  | (2,606 | )
Adjustment to arrive at fair value of redeemable noncontrolling interests | — |  |  | — |  |  | (545 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (545 | )
Balance at March 31, 2017 (99,390,234 common shares outstanding) | $ | 172,500 |  |  | $ | 994 |  |  | $ | 2,136,369 |  |  | $ | (774,445 | ) |  | $ | (370 | ) |  | $ | 66,820 |  |  | $ | 1,601,868 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
6

Corporate Office Properties Trust and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
(unaudited)

| For the Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Cash flows from operating activities |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from real estate operations received | $ | 133,895 |  |  | $ | 130,474 |
Construction contract and other service revenues received | 23,527 |  |  | 7,747 |
Property operating expenses paid | (41,192 | ) |  | (46,084 | )
Construction contract and other service expenses paid | (14,790 | ) |  | (10,765 | )
General, administrative, leasing, business development and land carry costs paid | (14,275 | ) |  | (12,175 | )
Interest expense paid | (19,549 | ) |  | (21,386 | )
Lease incentives | (7,729 | ) |  | (415 | )
Other | 750 |  |  | 43 |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 60,637 |  |  | 47,439 |
Cash flows from investing activities |  |  |  |  |
Construction, development and redevelopment | (35,795 | ) |  | (45,146 | )
Tenant improvements on operating properties | (6,916 | ) |  | (6,388 | )
Other capital improvements on operating properties | (5,203 | ) |  | (9,505 | )
Proceeds from dispositions of properties | 52,596 |  |  | 5,452 |
Leasing costs paid | (2,042 | ) |  | (1,593 | )
Other | (717 | ) |  | 1,121 |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 1,923 |  |  | (56,059 | )
Cash flows from financing activities |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from debt |  |  |
Revolving Credit Facility | — |  |  | 88,500 |
Repayments of debt |  |  |
Revolving Credit Facility | — |  |  | (25,000 | )
Scheduled principal amortization | (958 | ) |  | (1,800 | )
Other debt repayments | (50 | ) |  | (50 | )
Net proceeds from issuance of common shares | 18,237 |  |  | (5 | )
Redemption of preferred shares | (26,583 | ) |  | — |
Common share dividends paid | (27,100 | ) |  | (26,002 | )
Preferred share dividends paid | (3,581 | ) |  | (3,552 | )
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests in COPLP | (1,156 | ) |  | (1,171 | )
Distributions paid to redeemable noncontrolling interests | (407 | ) |  | (13,848 | )
Redemption of vested equity awards | (1,753 | ) |  | (1,154 | )
Other | (2,602 | ) |  | (5,119 | )
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | (45,953 | ) |  | 10,799 |
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | 16,607 |  |  | 2,179 |
Cash and cash equivalents |  |  |  |  |
Beginning of period | 209,863 |  |  | 60,310 |
End of period | $ | 226,470 |  |  | $ | 62,489 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
7

Corporate Office Properties Trust and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (continued)
(in thousands)
(unaudited)

| For the Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Reconciliation of net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |  |
Net income | $ | 23,088 |  |  | $ | 8,096 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 33,570 |  |  | 35,129 |
Impairment losses | — |  |  | 2,446 |
(Gain) loss on interest rate derivatives | (454 | ) |  | 1,551 |
Amortization of deferred financing costs and net debt discounts | 1,348 |  |  | 1,495 |
Increase in deferred rent receivable | (191 | ) |  | (1,456 | )
Gain on sales of real estate | (4,238 | ) |  | — |
Share-based compensation | 1,488 |  |  | 2,108 |
Other | (1,341 | ) |  | (802 | )
Operating changes in assets and liabilities: |  |  |  |
Decrease in accounts receivable | 5,007 |  |  | 409 |
Decrease in restricted cash and marketable securities | 2,043 |  |  | 15 |
Decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets, net | 13,991 |  |  | 5,941 |
Decrease in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities | (12,269 | ) |  | (3,802 | )
Decrease in rents received in advance and security deposits | (1,405 | ) |  | (3,691 | )
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 60,637 |  |  | $ | 47,439 |
Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities: |  |  |  |  |
Decrease in accrued capital improvements, leasing and other investing activity costs | $ | (6,661 | ) |  | $ | (9,420 | )
Increase in property and redeemable noncontrolling interests in connection with property contributed in a joint venture | $ | — |  |  | $ | 22,600 |
Decrease in redeemable noncontrolling interests and increase in other liabilities in connection with distribution payable to redeemable noncontrolling interest | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | 6,675 |
Increase (decrease) in fair value of derivatives applied to accumulated other comprehensive loss and noncontrolling interests | $ | 1,408 |  |  | $ | (10,414 | )
Dividends/distribution payable | $ | 31,131 |  |  | $ | 30,217 |
Decrease in noncontrolling interests and increase in shareholders’ equity in connection with the conversion of common units into common shares | $ | 2,537 |  |  | $ | — |
Adjustments to noncontrolling interests resulting from changes in COPLP ownership | $ | 246 |  |  | $ | (54 | )
Increase in redeemable noncontrolling interest and decrease in equity to carry redeemable noncontrolling interest at fair value | $ | 545 |  |  | $ | 302 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
8

Corporate Office Properties, L.P. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except unit data)
(unaudited)

| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Assets |  |  |  |  |
Properties, net: |  |  |  |  |
Operating properties, net | $ | 2,670,157 |  |  | $ | 2,671,831 |
Projects in development or held for future development | 422,857 |  |  | 401,531 |
Total properties, net | 3,093,014 |  |  | 3,073,362 |
Assets held for sale, net | 41,391 |  |  | 94,654 |
Cash and cash equivalents | 226,470 |  |  | 209,863 |
Restricted cash and marketable securities | 2,288 |  |  | 2,756 |
Investment in unconsolidated real estate joint venture | 25,417 |  |  | 25,548 |
Accounts receivable (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $446 and $603, respectively) | 29,431 |  |  | 34,438 |
Deferred rent receivable (net of allowance of $125 and $373, respectively) | 89,410 |  |  | 90,219 |
Intangible assets on real estate acquisitions, net | 73,748 |  |  | 78,351 |
Deferred leasing costs (net of accumulated amortization of $68,280 and $65,988, respectively) | 40,753 |  |  | 41,214 |
Investing receivables | 53,570 |  |  | 52,279 |
Prepaid expenses and other assets, net | 59,723 |  |  | 72,764 |
Total assets | $ | 3,735,215 |  |  | $ | 3,775,448 |
Liabilities and equity |  |  |  |  |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |
Debt, net | $ | 1,903,657 |  |  | $ | 1,904,001 |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | 83,107 |  |  | 108,682 |
Rents received in advance and security deposits | 28,393 |  |  | 29,798 |
Distributions payable | 31,131 |  |  | 31,335 |
Deferred revenue associated with operating leases | 11,750 |  |  | 12,666 |
Redeemable preferred units of general partner, 531,667 units outstanding at December 31, 2016 | — |  |  | 26,583 |
Other liabilities | 51,633 |  |  | 44,740 |
Total liabilities | 2,109,671 |  |  | 2,157,805 |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15) |  |  |  |  |
Redeemable noncontrolling interests | 23,676 |  |  | 22,979 |
Equity: |  |  |  |  |
Corporate Office Properties, L.P.’s equity: |  |  |  |  |
Preferred units |  |  |
General partner, preferred units outstanding of 6,900,000 at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 | 172,500 |  |  | 172,500 |
Limited partner, 352,000 preferred units outstanding at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 | 8,800 |  |  | 8,800 |
Common units, 99,390,234 and 98,498,651 held by the general partner and 3,405,391 and 3,590,391 held by limited partners at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively | 1,409,632 |  |  | 1,401,597 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (446 | ) |  | (1,854 | )
Total Corporate Office Properties, L.P.’s equity | 1,590,486 |  |  | 1,581,043 |
Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries | 11,382 |  |  | 13,621 |
Total equity | 1,601,868 |  |  | 1,594,664 |
Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interest and equity | $ | 3,735,215 |  |  | $ | 3,775,448 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
9

Corporate Office Properties, L.P. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except per unit data)
(unaudited)

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31,
|  | 2017 |  | 2016
Revenues |  |  |  |
Rental revenue |  | $ | 100,615 |  |  | $ | 105,382 |
Tenant recoveries and other real estate operations revenue |  | 26,152 |  |  | 27,705 |
Construction contract and other service revenues |  | 13,034 |  |  | 11,220 |
Total revenues |  | 139,801 |  |  | 144,307 |
Expenses |  |  |  |  |  |
Property operating expenses |  | 48,519 |  |  | 51,875 |
Depreciation and amortization associated with real estate operations |  | 33,059 |  |  | 34,527 |
Construction contract and other service expenses |  | 12,486 |  |  | 10,694 |
Impairment losses |  | — |  |  | 2,446 |
General, administrative and leasing expenses |  | 8,611 |  |  | 11,883 |
Business development expenses and land carry costs |  | 1,693 |  |  | 2,418 |
Total operating expenses |  | 104,368 |  |  | 113,843 |
Operating income |  | 35,433 |  |  | 30,464 |
Interest expense |  | (18,994 | ) |  | (23,559 | )
Interest and other income |  | 1,726 |  |  | 1,156 |
Gain on early extinguishment of debt |  | — |  |  | 17 |
Income before equity in income of unconsolidated entities and income taxes |  | 18,165 |  |  | 8,078 |
Equity in income of unconsolidated entities |  | 725 |  |  | 10 |
Income tax (expense) benefit |  | (40 | ) |  | 8 |
Income before gain on sales of real estate |  | 18,850 |  |  | 8,096 |
Gain on sales of real estate |  | 4,238 |  |  | — |
Net income |  | 23,088 |  |  | 8,096 |
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities |  | (934 | ) |  | (979 | )
Net income attributable to COPLP |  | 22,154 |  |  | 7,117 |
Preferred unit distributions |  | (3,345 | ) |  | (3,717 | )
Net income attributable to COPLP common unitholders |  | $ | 18,809 |  |  | $ | 3,400 |
Earnings per common unit: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income attributable to COPLP common unitholders - basic |  | $ | 0.18 |  |  | $ | 0.03 |
Net income attributable to COPLP common unitholders - diluted |  | $ | 0.18 |  |  | $ | 0.03 |
Distributions declared per common unit |  | $ | 0.275 |  |  | $ | 0.275 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
10

Corporate Office Properties, L.P. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(in thousands)
(unaudited)

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31,
|  | 2017 |  | 2016
Net income |  | $ | 23,088 |  |  | $ | 8,096 |
Other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  |  |
Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate derivatives |  | 224 |  |  | (11,284 | )
Loss on interest rate derivatives included in interest expense |  | 1,184 |  |  | 870 |
Other comprehensive income (loss) |  | 1,408 |  |  | (10,414 | )
Comprehensive income (loss) |  | 24,496 |  |  | (2,318 | )
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests |  | (934 | ) |  | (979 | )
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to COPLP |  | $ | 23,562 |  |  | $ | (3,297 | )

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
11

Corporate Office Properties, L.P. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Equity
(Dollars in thousands)
(unaudited)

| Limited Partner Preferred Units |  | General Partner Preferred Units |  | Common Units |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Noncontrolling Interests in Subsidiaries |  |
| Units |  | Amount |  | Units |  | Amount |  | Units |  | Amount |  |  |  | Total Equity
Balance at December 31, 2015 | 352,000 |  |  | $ | 8,800 |  |  | 7,431,667 |  |  | $ | 199,083 |  |  | 98,208,903 |  |  | $ | 1,400,745 |  |  | $ | (2,985 | ) |  | $ | 10,921 |  |  | $ | 1,616,564 |
Costs associated with common shares issued to the public | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (5 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (5 | )
Share-based compensation (units net of redemption) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 129,869 |  |  | 2,425 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,425 |
Redemptions of vested equity awards | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,154 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,154 | )
Comprehensive loss | — |  |  | 165 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,552 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,400 |  |  | (10,414 | ) |  | 419 |  |  | (2,878 | )
Distributions to owners of common and preferred units | — |  |  | (165 | ) |  | — |  |  | (3,552 | ) |  | — |  |  | (27,048 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (30,765 | )
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4 | ) |  | (4 | )
Adjustment to arrive at fair value of redeemable noncontrolling interest | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (302 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (302 | )
Balance at March 31, 2016 | 352,000 |  |  | $ | 8,800 |  |  | 7,431,667 |  |  | $ | 199,083 |  |  | 98,338,772 |  |  | $ | 1,378,061 |  |  | $ | (13,399 | ) |  | $ | 11,336 |  |  | $ | 1,583,881 |
Balance at December 31, 2016 | 352,000 |  |  | $ | 8,800 |  |  | 6,900,000 |  |  | $ | 172,500 |  |  | 102,089,042 |  |  | $ | 1,401,597 |  |  | $ | (1,854 | ) |  | $ | 13,621 |  |  | $ | 1,594,664 |
Issuance of common units resulting from common shares issued under COPT at-the-market program | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 546,782 |  |  | 18,222 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 18,222 |
Share-based compensation (units net of redemption) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 159,801 |  |  | 1,582 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,582 |
Redemptions of vested equity awards | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,753 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,753 | )
Comprehensive income | — |  |  | 165 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,180 |  |  | — |  |  | 18,809 |  |  | 1,408 |  |  | 367 |  |  | 23,929 |
Distributions to owners of common and preferred units | — |  |  | (165 | ) |  | — |  |  | (3,180 | ) |  | — |  |  | (28,280 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (31,625 | )
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,606 | ) |  | (2,606 | )
Adjustment to arrive at fair value of redeemable noncontrolling interest | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (545 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (545 | )
Balance at March 31, 2017 | 352,000 |  |  | $ | 8,800 |  |  | 6,900,000 |  |  | $ | 172,500 |  |  | 102,795,625 |  |  | $ | 1,409,632 |  |  | $ | (446 | ) |  | $ | 11,382 |  |  | $ | 1,601,868 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
12

Corporate Office Properties, L.P. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
(unaudited)

| For the Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Cash flows from operating activities |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from real estate operations received | $ | 133,895 |  |  | $ | 130,474 |
Construction contract and other service revenues received | 23,527 |  |  | 7,747 |
Property operating expenses paid | (41,192 | ) |  | (46,084 | )
Construction contract and other service expenses paid | (14,790 | ) |  | (10,765 | )
General, administrative, leasing, business development and land carry costs paid | (14,275 | ) |  | (12,175 | )
Interest expense paid | (19,549 | ) |  | (21,386 | )
Lease incentives | (7,729 | ) |  | (415 | )
Other | 750 |  |  | 43 |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 60,637 |  |  | 47,439 |
Cash flows from investing activities |  |  |  |  |
Construction, development and redevelopment | (35,795 | ) |  | (45,146 | )
Tenant improvements on operating properties | (6,916 | ) |  | (6,388 | )
Other capital improvements on operating properties | (5,203 | ) |  | (9,505 | )
Proceeds from dispositions of properties | 52,596 |  |  | 5,452 |
Leasing costs paid | (2,042 | ) |  | (1,593 | )
Other | (717 | ) |  | 1,121 |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 1,923 |  |  | (56,059 | )
Cash flows from financing activities |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from debt |  |  |
Revolving Credit Facility | — |  |  | 88,500 |
Repayments of debt |  |  |
Revolving Credit Facility | — |  |  | (25,000 | )
Scheduled principal amortization | (958 | ) |  | (1,800 | )
Other debt repayments | (50 | ) |  | (50 | )
Net proceeds from issuance of common units | 18,237 |  |  | (5 | )
Redemption of preferred units | (26,583 | ) |  | — |
Common unit distributions paid | (28,091 | ) |  | (27,008 | )
Preferred unit distributions paid | (3,746 | ) |  | (3,717 | )
Redemption of vested equity awards | (1,753 | ) |  | (1,154 | )
Distributions paid to redeemable noncontrolling interests | (407 | ) |  | (13,848 | )
Other | (2,602 | ) |  | (5,119 | )
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | (45,953 | ) |  | 10,799 |
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | 16,607 |  |  | 2,179 |
Cash and cash equivalents |  |  |  |  |
Beginning of period | 209,863 |  |  | 60,310 |
End of period | $ | 226,470 |  |  | $ | 62,489 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
13

Corporate Office Properties, L.P. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)
(in thousands)
(unaudited)

| For the Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Reconciliation of net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |  |
Net income | $ | 23,088 |  |  | $ | 8,096 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 33,570 |  |  | 35,129 |
Impairment losses | — |  |  | 2,446 |
(Gain) loss on interest rate derivatives | (454 | ) |  | 1,551 |
Amortization of deferred financing costs and net debt discounts | 1,348 |  |  | 1,495 |
Increase in deferred rent receivable | (191 | ) |  | (1,456 | )
Gain on sales of real estate | (4,238 | ) |  | — |
Share-based compensation | 1,488 |  |  | 2,108 |
Other | (1,341 | ) |  | (802 | )
Operating changes in assets and liabilities: |  |  |  |
Decrease in accounts receivable | 5,007 |  |  | 409 |
Decrease (increase) in restricted cash and marketable securities | 757 |  |  | (77 | )
Decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets, net | 13,991 |  |  | 5,941 |
Decrease in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities | (10,983 | ) |  | (3,710 | )
Decrease in rents received in advance and security deposits | (1,405 | ) |  | (3,691 | )
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 60,637 |  |  | $ | 47,439 |
Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities: |  |  |  |  |
Decrease in accrued capital improvements, leasing and other investing activity costs | $ | (6,661 | ) |  | $ | (9,420 | )
Increase in property and redeemable noncontrolling interests in connection with property contributed in a joint venture | $ | — |  |  | $ | 22,600 |
Decrease in redeemable noncontrolling interests and increase in other liabilities in connection with distribution payable to redeemable noncontrolling interest | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | 6,675 |
Increase (decrease) in fair value of derivatives applied to accumulated other comprehensive loss and noncontrolling interests | $ | 1,408 |  |  | $ | (10,414 | )
Distributions payable | $ | 31,131 |  |  | $ | 30,217 |
Increase in redeemable noncontrolling interest and decrease in equity to carry redeemable noncontrolling interest at fair value | $ | 545 |  |  | $ | 302 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
14

Corporate Office Properties Trust and Subsidiaries and Corporate Office Properties, L.P. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)
1. Organization
Corporate Office Properties Trust (“COPT”) and subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) is a fully-integrated and self-managed real estate investment trust (“REIT”). Corporate Office Properties, L.P. (“COPLP”) and subsidiaries (collectively, the “Operating Partnership”) is the entity through which COPT, the sole general partner of COPLP, conducts almost all of its operations and owns almost all of its assets. Unless otherwise expressly stated or the context otherwise requires, “we”, “us” and “our” as used herein refer to each of the Company and the Operating Partnership. We own, manage, lease, develop and selectively acquire office and data center properties. The majority of our portfolio is in locations that support the United States Government and its contractors, most of whom are engaged in national security, defense and information technology (“IT”) related activities servicing what we believe are growing, durable priority missions (“Defense/IT Locations”). We also own a portfolio of office properties located in select urban/urban-like submarkets within our regional footprint with durable Class-A office fundamentals and characteristics, as well as other properties supporting general commercial office tenants (“Regional Office”). As of March 31, 2017, our properties included the following:

• | 164 operating office properties totaling 17.1 million square feet, including 13 triple-net leased, single-tenant data center properties. We owned six of these properties through an unconsolidated real estate joint venture;

• | nine office properties under construction or redevelopment that we estimate will total approximately 1.3 million square feet upon completion, including two partially operational properties and two properties completed but held for future lease to the United States Government;

• | 987 acres of land we controlled for future development that we believe could be developed into approximately 12.2 million square feet and an additional 194 acres of other land; and

• | a wholesale data center with a critical load of 19.25 megawatts.

COPLP owns real estate both directly and through subsidiary partnerships and limited liability companies (“LLCs”). In addition to owning real estate, COPLP also owns subsidiaries that provide real estate services such as property management and construction and development services primarily for our properties but also for third parties. Some of these services are performed by a taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”).
Equity interests in COPLP are in the form of common and preferred units. As of March 31, 2017, COPT owned 96.7% of the outstanding COPLP common units (“common units”) and 95.1% of the outstanding COPLP preferred units (“preferred units”); the remaining common and preferred units in COPLP were owned by third parties. Common units in COPLP not owned by COPT carry certain redemption rights. The number of common units in COPLP owned by COPT is equivalent to the number of outstanding common shares of beneficial interest (“common shares”) of COPT, and the entitlement of all COPLP common units to quarterly distributions and payments in liquidation is substantially the same as those of COPT common shareholders. Similarly, in the case of each series of preferred units in COPLP held by COPT, there is a series of preferred shares of beneficial interest (“preferred shares”) in COPT that is equivalent in number and carries substantially the same terms as such series of COPLP preferred units. COPT’s common shares are publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the ticker symbol “OFC”.
Because COPLP is managed by COPT, and COPT conducts substantially all of its operations through COPLP, we refer to COPT’s executive officers as COPLP’s executive officers, and although, as a partnership, COPLP does not have a board of trustees, we refer to COPT’s Board of Trustees as COPLP’s Board of Trustees.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The COPT consolidated financial statements include the accounts of COPT, the Operating Partnership, their subsidiaries and other entities in which COPT has a majority voting interest and control. The COPLP consolidated financial statements include the accounts of COPLP, its subsidiaries and other entities in which COPLP has a majority voting interest and control. We also consolidate certain entities when control of such entities can be achieved through means other than voting rights (“variable interest entities” or “VIEs”) if we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary of such entities. We eliminate all intercompany balances and transactions in consolidation.
15

We use the equity method of accounting when we own an interest in an entity and can exert significant influence over but cannot control the entity’s operations. We discontinue equity method accounting if our investment in an entity (and net advances) is reduced to zero unless we have guaranteed obligations of the entity or are otherwise committed to provide further financial support for the entity.
We use the cost method of accounting when we own an interest in an entity and cannot exert significant influence over its operations.
These interim financial statements should be read together with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto as of and for the year ended December 31, 2016 included in our 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The unaudited consolidated financial statements include all adjustments that are necessary, in the opinion of management, to fairly state our financial position and results of operations. All adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared using the accounting policies described in our 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Reclassification
We reclassified certain amounts from prior periods to conform to the current period presentation of our consolidated financial statements with no effect on previously reported net income or equity.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
We adopted guidance issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) effective January 1, 2017 intended to simplify various aspects related to the accounting and presentation for employee share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities and classification on the consolidated statement of cash flows. In connection with our adoption of this policy, we made an entity-wide accounting policy election to continue to account for potential future award forfeitures by estimating the number of awards that are expected to vest. Our adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
We adopted guidance issued by the FASB prospectively effective January 1, 2017 that clarifies the definition of a business used by entities in determining whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. The definition of a business affects many areas of accounting including acquisitions, disposals, goodwill and consolidation. Under the new guidance it is expected that the majority of our future operating property acquisitions will be accounted for as asset acquisitions, whereas under the previous guidance our recent acquisitions were accounted for as business combinations; we believe that the primary effect of this change will be that transaction costs associated with future acquisitions will be capitalized rather than expensed as incurred. This guidance had no effect on our consolidated financial statements upon adoption.
In May 2014, the FASB issued guidance regarding the recognition of revenue from contracts with customers. Under this guidance, an entity will recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This guidance also requires improved disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. Also in connection with this guidance, in February 2017, the FASB issued additional guidance that clarifies the scope of asset derecognition guidance and accounting for partial sales of nonfinancial assets. While we are still completing our assessment of the impact of the guidance, below is a summary of the anticipated primary effects on our accounting and reporting.

• | Construction contract revenue: We reviewed our historical construction management arrangements and related contracts. Based on this review, we believe that we will account for these arrangements using the percentage of completion method, which is the method we have used in most cases historically. We do not currently believe that the resulting effect of the change will be material.

• | Sales of real estate: The new guidance requires recognition of a sale of real estate and resulting gain or loss when control transfers and the buyer has the ability to direct use of, or obtain substantially all of the remaining benefit from, the asset (which generally will occur on the closing date); the factor of continuing involvement is no longer a specific consideration for the timing of recognition. The new guidance eliminates the need to consider adequacy of buyer investment, which was replaced by additional judgments regarding collectability and intent and/or ability to pay. The new guidance also requires an entity to derecognize nonfinancial assets and in substance non financial assets once it transfers control of such assets. When an entity transfers its controlling interest in a nonfinancial asset, but retains a noncontrolling ownership interest, the entity is required to measure any non-controlling interest it receives or retains at fair value and recognize a full gain or loss on the transaction; as a result, sales and partial sales of real estate assets will now be subject to the same derecognition

16

model as all other nonfinancial assets. Since all but one of our sale transactions previously met the criteria for immediate gain recognition under existing guidance, we do not believe that the recognition pattern for these transactions will be changed by the new guidance. Our one sale transaction that did not meet the criteria for immediate full recognition under the previous standard was our contribution of data center properties into a newly-formed joint venture in July 2016, as discussed further in our 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K. We believe that this transaction, which was accounted for as a partial sale under existing guidance, would meet the criteria for immediate full gain recognition under the new guidance; this would result in an additional $18 million in income being recognizable in 2016 under the new guidance that is currently being amortized into income in subsequent periods under existing guidance.

• | Real estate revenue associated with executory costs and other non-lease components: Once the new guidance setting forth principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases (discussed below) goes into effect, we believe that the new revenue standard may apply to executory costs and other components of revenue due under leases that are deemed to be non-lease components (such as common area maintenance and provision of utilities), even when the revenue for such activities is not separately stipulated in the lease. In that case, then revenue from these items previously recognized on a straight-line basis under current lease guidance would be recognized under the new revenue guidance as the related services are delivered. As a result, while the total revenue recognized over time would not differ under the new guidance, the recognition pattern would be different. We are in the process of evaluating the significance of the difference in the recognition pattern that would result from this change.

We are required to adopt this guidance for our annual and interim periods beginning January 1, 2018 using one of two methods: retrospective restatement for each reporting period presented at the time of adoption, or retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initially applying this guidance recognized at the date of initial application. We have not decided which method of adoption we will use.
In February 2016, the FASB issued guidance that sets forth principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases. This guidance requires lessees to apply a dual approach, classifying leases as either finance or operating leases based on the principle of whether or not the lease is effectively a financed purchase of the leased asset by the lessee. The resulting classification determines whether the lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest method or straight-line basis over the term of the lease. A lessee is also required to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term of greater than 12 months regardless of their classification. Leases with a term of 12 months or less will be accounted for similar to existing guidance for operating leases. The guidance requires lessors of real estate to account for leases using an approach that is substantially equivalent to existing guidance for sales-type leases, direct financing leases and operating leases. While we are still completing our assessment of the impact of this guidance, below is a summary of the anticipated primary effects of this guidance on our accounting and reporting.

• | Real estate leases in which we are the lessor:

◦ | Balance sheet reporting: We believe that we will apply an approach under the new guidance that is similar to the current accounting for operating leases, in which we will continue to recognize the underlying leased asset as property on our balance sheet.

◦ | Deferral of compensation-related lease costs: Under the new lease guidance, lessors may only capitalize their incremental direct costs of leasing. As a result, we believe that we will no longer be able to defer the recognition of compensation-related costs in connection with new or extended tenant leases (refer to amounts reported in our 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K for amounts deferred in 2014, 2015 and 2016).

◦ | Lease revenue reporting: As discussed in further detail above in connection with the new revenue guidance, we believe that the new revenue standard may apply to executory costs and other components of revenue deemed to be non-lease components (such as common area maintenance and provision of utilities), even when the revenue for such activities is not separately stipulated in the lease. In that case, we would need to separate the lease components of revenue due under leases from the non-lease components. Under the new guidance, we would continue to recognize the lease components of lease revenue on a straight-line basis over our respective lease terms as we do under prior guidance. However, we would recognize the non-lease components under the new revenue guidance as the related services are delivered. As discussed above, we are in the process of evaluating the significance of the difference in the recognition pattern that would result from this change.

• | Leases in which we are the lessee:

◦ | Our most significant leases as lessee are ground leases we have for certain properties; as of March 31, 2017, our future minimum rental payments under these leases totaled $90.7 million, with various expiration dates extending to the year 2100. While we are still in the process of evaluating these leases under the new guidance, we believe that we will be required to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for the present value of these minimum lease payments. We believe that these leases most likely will be classified as finance leases under the new guidance; as a result, the interest component of each lease payment would be recorded as interest expense and the right-of-use asset would be amortized into expense using the straight-line method over the life of the lease.

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This guidance is effective for reporting periods beginning January 1, 2019, with modified retrospective restatement for each reporting period presented at the time of adoption. Early adoption is also permitted for this guidance.
In June 2016, the FASB issued guidance that changes how entities measure credit losses for most financial assets and certain other instruments that are not measured at fair value through net income. The guidance replaces the current incurred loss model with an expected loss approach, resulting in a more timely recognition of such losses. The guidance will apply to most financial assets measured at amortized cost and certain other instruments, including trade and other receivables, loans, held-to-maturity debt securities, net investments in leases, and off-balance-sheet credit exposures (e.g. loan commitments). Under the new guidance, an entity will recognize its estimate of expected credit losses as an allowance, as the guidance requires that financial assets be measured on an amortized cost basis and to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The guidance is effective for us beginning January 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted after December 2018. We are currently assessing the financial impact of this guidance on our consolidated financial statements.
In August 2016, the FASB issued guidance that clarifies how entities should classify certain cash receipts and cash payments on the statement of cash flows with the objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice related to eight specific cash flow issues. The areas addressed in the new guidance relate to debt prepayment costs, settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned and bank-owned life insurance policies, distributions received from equity method investments, beneficial interest in securitization transactions and separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle. The guidance is effective for us beginning January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. We do not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In November 2016, the FASB issued guidance that requires the statement of cash flows to explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents and amounts described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Under the new guidance, amounts described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents will be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning of period and end of period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The guidance is effective for us beginning January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. We do not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
3. Fair Value Measurements
Recurring Fair Value Measurements
COPT has a non-qualified elective deferred compensation plan for Trustees and certain members of our management team that permits participants to defer up to 100% of their compensation on a pre-tax basis and receive a tax-deferred return on such deferrals. The assets held in the plan (comprised primarily of mutual funds and equity securities) and the corresponding liability to the participants are measured at fair value on a recurring basis on COPT’s consolidated balance sheet using quoted market prices, as are other marketable securities that we hold. The balance of the plan, which was fully funded, totaled $4.2 million as of March 31, 2017, and is included in the accompanying COPT consolidated balance sheets in the line entitled restricted cash and marketable securities. The offsetting liability associated with the plan is adjusted to fair value at the end of each accounting period based on the fair value of the plan assets and reported in other liabilities on COPT’s consolidated balance sheets. The assets of the plan and other marketable securities that we hold are classified in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. The liability associated with the plan is classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
The fair values of our interest rate derivatives are determined using widely accepted valuation techniques, including a discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate market data and implied volatilities in such interest rates. While we determined that the majority of the inputs used to value our derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments associated with our interest rate derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default. However, as of March 31, 2017, we assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustments on the overall valuation of our derivatives and determined that these adjustments are not significant. As a result, we determined that our interest rate derivative valuations in their entirety are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, other assets (excluding investing receivables) and accounts payable and accrued expenses are reasonable estimates of their fair values because of the short maturities of these instruments. As discussed in Note 6, we estimated the fair values of our investing receivables based on the discounted estimated future cash flows of the loans (categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy); the discount rates
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used approximate current market rates for loans with similar maturities and credit quality, and the estimated cash payments include scheduled principal and interest payments. For our disclosure of debt fair values in Note 8, we estimated the fair value of our unsecured senior notes based on quoted market rates for publicly-traded debt (categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy) and estimated the fair value of our other debt based on the discounted estimated future cash payments to be made on such debt (categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy); the discount rates used approximate current market rates for loans, or groups of loans, with similar maturities and credit quality, and the estimated future payments include scheduled principal and interest payments. Fair value estimates are made as of a specific point in time, are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment. Settlement at such fair value amounts may not be possible and may not be a prudent management decision.
For additional fair value information, please refer to Note 6 for investing receivables, Note 8 for debt and Note 9 for interest rate derivatives.
COPT and Subsidiaries
The table below sets forth financial assets and liabilities of COPT and its subsidiaries that are accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2017 and the hierarchy level of inputs used in measuring their respective fair values under applicable accounting standards (in thousands):

Description |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets(Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs(Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs(Level 3) |  | Total
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Marketable securities in deferred compensation plan (1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mutual funds |  | $ | 4,075 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,075 |
Other |  | 76 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 76 |
Interest rate derivatives (2) |  | — |  |  | 1,183 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,183 |
Total assets |  | $ | 4,151 |  |  | $ | 1,183 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,334 |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred compensation plan liability (3) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,151 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,151 |
Interest rate derivatives (3) |  | — |  |  | 735 |  |  | — |  |  | 735 |
Total liabilities |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,886 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,886 |

(1) Included in the line entitled “restricted cash and marketable securities” on COPT’s consolidated balance sheet.
(2) Included in the line entitled “prepaid expenses and other assets” on COPT’s consolidated balance sheet.
(3) Included in the line entitled “other liabilities” on COPT’s consolidated balance sheet.
COPLP and Subsidiaries
The table below sets forth financial assets and liabilities of COPLP and its subsidiaries that are accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2017 and the hierarchy level of inputs used in measuring their respective fair values under applicable accounting standards (in thousands):

Description |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets(Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs(Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs(Level 3) |  | Total
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate derivatives (1) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,183 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,183 |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate derivatives (2) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 735 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 735 |

(1) Included in the line entitled “prepaid expenses and other assets” on COPLP’s consolidated balance sheet.
(2) Included in the line entitled “other liabilities” on COPLP’s consolidated balance sheet.
Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements
As part of our closing process for the first quarter of 2017, we conducted our quarterly review of our portfolio for indicators of impairment and found there to be no impairment losses for the quarter.
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Changes in the expected future cash flows due to changes in our plans for specific properties (especially our expected holding period) could result in the recognition of impairment losses. In addition, because properties held for sale are carried at the lower of carrying value or estimated fair values less costs to sell, declines in their estimated fair values due to market conditions and other factors could result in the recognition of impairment losses.
The table below sets forth the fair value hierarchy of the valuation technique we used to determine nonrecurring fair value measurements of properties held for sale as of March 31, 2017 (dollars in thousands):

|  | Fair Values as of March 31, 2017 |
|  | Quoted Prices in |  |  |  | Significant |  |  |
|  | Active Markets for |  | Significant Other |  | Unobservable |  |  |
|  | Identical Assets |  | Observable Inputs |  | Inputs |  |  |
Description |  | (Level 1) |  | (Level 2) |  | (Level 3) |  | Total |
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Assets held for sale, net |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 40,086 |  |  | $ | 40,086 |  |

The table below sets forth quantitative information about significant unobservable inputs used for the Level 3 fair value measurements reported above as of March 31, 2017 (dollars in thousands):

Valuation Technique |  | Fair Values on Measurement Date |  | Unobservable Input |  | Range (Weighted Average)
Discounted cash flow |  | $ | 37,604 |  |  | Discount rate |  | 9.3% - 11.3% (10.1%)
|  |  |  | Terminal capitalization rate |  | 8.3% - 11.4% (8.6%)
Yield analyses |  | $ | 2,482 |  |  | Investor yield requirement |  | 9.0% (1)

(1) Only one fair value applied for this unobservable input.
4. Properties, Net
Operating properties, net consisted of the following (in thousands):

| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Land | $ | 430,364 |  |  | $ | 433,311 |
Buildings and improvements | 2,972,164 |  |  | 2,944,905 |
Less: Accumulated depreciation | (732,371 | ) |  | (706,385 | )
Operating properties, net | $ | 2,670,157 |  |  | $ | 2,671,831 |

Projects in development or held for future development consisted of the following (in thousands):

| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Land | $ | 195,727 |  |  | $ | 195,521 |
Development in progress, excluding land | 227,130 |  |  | 206,010 |
Projects in development or held for future development | $ | 422,857 |  |  | $ | 401,531 |

Our properties held for sale included:

• | as of March 31, 2017: six operating properties in White Marsh, Maryland (included in our Regional Office segment); one operating property in our Fort Meade/BW Corridor sub-segment; and land in White Marsh; and

• | as of December 31, 2016: eight operating properties in White Marsh (included primarily in our Regional Office segment); one operating property in our Northern Virginia Defense/IT sub-segment; and land in White Marsh and Northern Virginia.

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The table below sets forth the components of assets held for sale on our consolidated balance sheet for these properties (in thousands):

| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Properties, net | $ | 38,018 |  |  | $ | 85,402 |
Deferred rent receivable | 1,546 |  |  | 4,241 |
Intangible assets on real estate acquisitions, net | 338 |  |  | 338 |
Deferred leasing costs, net | 1,109 |  |  | 3,636 |
Lease incentives, net | 380 |  |  | 1,037 |
Assets held for sale, net | $ | 41,391 |  |  | $ | 94,654 |

2017 Dispositions
On February 15, 2017, we completed the disposition of 3120 Fairview Park Drive, an operating property totaling 190,000 square feet in Falls Church, Virginia (in our Northern Virginia Defense/IT sub-segment), for $39.0 million, with no gain recognized.
We also sold land in the three months ended March 31, 2017 for $14.3 million and recognized a gain on sale of $4.2 million.
2017 Construction Activities
During the three months ended March 31, 2017, we placed into service 86,000 square feet in three redeveloped properties (including a partially operational property). As of March 31, 2017, we had eight office properties under construction, or for which we were contractually committed to construct, that we estimate will total 1.3 million square feet upon completion (including two properties completed but held for future lease to the United States Government) and one office property under redevelopment that we estimate will total 14,000 square feet upon completion.
5. Real Estate Joint Ventures
Consolidated Joint Ventures
The table below sets forth information pertaining to our investments in consolidated real estate joint ventures as of March 31, 2017 (dollars in thousands):

|  |  |  | Nominal |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  | Ownership |  |  |  | March 31, 2017 (1)
|  | Date |  | % as of |  |  |  | Total |  | Encumbered |  | Total
|  | Acquired |  | 3/31/2017 |  | Nature of Activity |  | Assets |  | Assets |  | Liabilities
LW Redstone Company, LLC |  | 3/23/2010 |  | 85% |  | Development and operation of real estate (2) |  | $ | 157,293 |  |  | $ | 78,251 |  |  | $ | 50,804 |
M Square Associates, LLC |  | 6/26/2007 |  | 50% |  | Development and operation of real estate (3) |  | 65,158 |  |  | 46,124 |  |  | 45,712 |
Stevens Investors, LLC |  | 8/11/2015 |  | 95% |  | Development of real estate (4) |  | 42,176 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,252 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 264,627 |  |  | $ | 124,375 |  |  | $ | 103,768 |

(1) Excludes amounts eliminated in consolidation.
(2) This joint venture’s properties are in Huntsville, Alabama.
(3) This joint venture’s properties are in College Park, Maryland.
(4) This joint venture’s property is in Washington, DC. Our partner in this joint venture is entitled to receive an additional distribution from the joint venture of $6.7 million to be funded by us (expected by 2018) that was reported in other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2017.
Unconsolidated Joint Venture
As of March 31, 2017, we owned a 50% interest in GI-COPT DC Partnership LLC (“GI-COPT”), a joint venture owning six triple-net leased, single-tenant data center properties in Virginia, that we account for using the equity method of accounting. As of March 31, 2017, we had an investment balance in GI-COPT of $25.4 million. Our balance was $17.8 million lower than our share of the joint venture’s equity due to a difference between our cost basis and our share of the underlying equity in the net assets upon formation of the joint venture; we are amortizing this basis difference into equity in income from unconsolidated entities over the lives of the underlying assets.
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6. Investing Receivables
Investing receivables, including accrued interest thereon, consisted of the following (in thousands):

| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Notes receivable from the City of Huntsville | $ | 50,570 |  |  | $ | 49,258 |
Other investing loans receivable | 3,000 |  |  | 3,021 |
| $ | 53,570 |  |  | $ | 52,279 |

Our notes receivable from the City of Huntsville funded infrastructure costs in connection with our LW Redstone Company, LLC joint venture (see Note 5) and carry an interest rate of 9.95%.
We did not have an allowance for credit losses in connection with our investing receivables as of March 31, 2017 or December 31, 2016. The fair value of these receivables approximated their carrying amounts as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.
7. Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets, Net
Prepaid expenses and other assets, net consisted of the following (in thousands):

| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Lease incentives, net | $ | 17,516 |  |  | $ | 18,276 |
Prepaid expenses | 17,332 |  |  | 24,432 |
Furniture, fixtures and equipment, net | 4,989 |  |  | 5,204 |
Construction contract costs incurred in excess of billings | 4,451 |  |  | 10,350 |
Deferred tax asset, net (1) | 2,980 |  |  | 3,036 |
Deferred financing costs, net (2) | 2,444 |  |  | 3,128 |
Non-real estate equity method investments | 2,353 |  |  | 2,355 |
Other assets | 7,658 |  |  | 5,983 |
Prepaid expenses and other assets, net | $ | 59,723 |  |  | $ | 72,764 |

(1) Includes a valuation allowance of $2.1 million.
(2) Represents deferred costs, net of accumulated amortization, attributable to our Revolving Credit Facility and interest rate derivatives.
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8. Debt, Net
Our debt consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

|  | Carrying Value (1) as of |  |  |  |
|  | March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016 |  | Stated Interest Rates as of |  | Scheduled Maturity as of
|  |  |  | March 31, 2017 |  | March 31, 2017
Mortgage and Other Secured Debt: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed rate mortgage debt (2) |  | $ | 153,294 |  |  | $ | 154,143 |  |  | 3.82% - 7.87% (3) |  | 2019-2026
Variable rate secured debt |  | 13,365 |  |  | 13,448 |  |  | LIBOR + 1.85% (4) |  | October 2020
Total mortgage and other secured debt |  | 166,659 |  |  | 167,591 |  |  |  |  |
Revolving Credit Facility |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | LIBOR + 0.875% to 1.60% |  | May 2019
Term Loan Facilities (5) |  | 547,682 |  |  | 547,494 |  |  | LIBOR + 0.90% to 2.40% (6) |  | 2020-2022
Unsecured Senior Notes |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
3.600%, $350,000 aggregate principal |  | 347,233 |  |  | 347,128 |  |  | 3.60% (7) |  | May 2023
5.250%, $250,000 aggregate principal |  | 246,291 |  |  | 246,176 |  |  | 5.25% (8) |  | February 2024
3.700%, $300,000 aggregate principal |  | 297,961 |  |  | 297,843 |  |  | 3.70% (9) |  | June 2021
5.000%, $300,000 aggregate principal |  | 296,457 |  |  | 296,368 |  |  | 5.00% (10) |  | July 2025
Unsecured notes payable |  | 1,374 |  |  | 1,401 |  |  | 0% (11) |  | 2026
Total debt, net |  | $ | 1,903,657 |  |  | $ | 1,904,001 |  |  |  |  |

(1) | The carrying values of our debt other than the Revolving Credit Facility reflect net deferred financing costs of $5.7 million as of March 31, 2017 and $6.1 million as of December 31, 2016.

(2) | Certain fixed rate mortgages carry interest rates that were above or below market rates upon assumption and therefore were recorded at their fair value based on applicable effective interest rates. The carrying values of these loans reflect net unamortized premiums totaling $403,000 as of March 31, 2017 and $422,000 as of December 31, 2016.

(3) | The weighted average interest rate on our fixed rate mortgage debt was 4.19% as of March 31, 2017.

(4) | The interest rate on our variable rate secured debt as of March 31, 2017 was 2.63%.

(5) | As of March 31, 2017, we have the ability to borrow an additional $350.0 million in the aggregate under these term loan facilities, provided that there is no default under the facilities and subject to the approval of the lenders.

(6) | The weighted average interest rate on these loans was 2.37% as of March 31, 2017.

(7) | The carrying value of these notes reflects an unamortized discount totaling $1.9 million as of March 31, 2017 and $2.0 million as of December 31, 2016. The effective interest rate under the notes, including amortization of the issuance costs, was 3.70%.

(8) | The carrying value of these notes reflects an unamortized discount totaling $3.3 million as of March 31, 2017 and $3.4 million as of December 31, 2016. The effective interest rate under the notes, including amortization of the issuance costs, was 5.49%.

(9) | The carrying value of these notes reflects an unamortized discount totaling $1.6 million as of March 31, 2017 and $1.7 million as of December 31, 2016. The effective interest rate under the notes, including amortization of the issuance costs, was 3.85%.

(10) The carrying value of these notes reflects an unamortized discount totaling $2.9 million as of March 31, 2017 and $3.0 million as of December 31, 2016. The effective interest rate under the notes, including amortization of the issuance costs, was 5.15%.

(11) | These notes carry interest rates that were below market rates upon assumption and therefore were recorded at their fair value based on applicable effective interest rates. The carrying value of these notes reflects an unamortized discount totaling $438,000 as of March 31, 2017 and $460,000 as of December 31, 2016.

All debt is owed by the Operating Partnership. While COPT is not directly obligated by any debt, it has guaranteed the Operating Partnership’s Revolving Credit Facility, Term Loan Facilities and Unsecured Senior Notes.
Certain of our debt instruments require that we comply with a number of restrictive financial covenants. As of March 31, 2017, we were within the compliance requirements of these financial covenants.
We capitalized interest costs of $1.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2017 and $1.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2016.
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The following table sets forth information pertaining to the fair value of our debt (in thousands):

| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| Carrying |  | Estimated |  | Carrying |  | Estimated
| Amount |  | Fair Value |  | Amount |  | Fair Value
Fixed-rate debt |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unsecured Senior Notes | $ | 1,187,942 |  |  | $ | 1,223,753 |  |  | $ | 1,187,515 |  |  | $ | 1,220,282 |
Other fixed-rate debt | 154,668 |  |  | 156,098 |  |  | 155,544 |  |  | 156,887 |
Variable-rate debt | 561,047 |  |  | 556,844 |  |  | 560,942 |  |  | 558,437 |
| $ | 1,903,657 |  |  | $ | 1,936,695 |  |  | $ | 1,904,001 |  |  | $ | 1,935,606 |

9. Interest Rate Derivatives
The following table sets forth the key terms and fair values of our interest rate swap derivatives (dollars in thousands):

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Fair Value at
Notional Amount |  | Fixed Rate |  | Floating Rate Index |  | Effective Date |  | Expiration Date |  | March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
$ | 100,000 |  |  | 1.6730% |  | One-Month LIBOR |  | 9/1/2015 |  | 8/1/2019 |  | $ | (301 | ) |  | $ | (701 | )
100,000 |  |  | 1.7300% |  | One-Month LIBOR |  | 9/1/2015 |  | 8/1/2019 |  | (434 | ) |  | (848 | )
13,494 |  | (1) | 1.3900% |  | One-Month LIBOR |  | 10/13/2015 |  | 10/1/2020 |  | 147 |  |  | 100 |
100,000 |  |  | 1.9013% |  | One-Month LIBOR |  | 9/1/2016 |  | 12/1/2022 |  | 409 |  |  | (23 | )
100,000 |  |  | 1.9050% |  | One-Month LIBOR |  | 9/1/2016 |  | 12/1/2022 |  | 427 |  |  | 48 |
50,000 |  |  | 1.9079% |  | One-Month LIBOR |  | 9/1/2016 |  | 12/1/2022 |  | 200 |  |  | 10 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 448 |  |  | $ | (1,414 | )

(1) The notional amount of this instrument is scheduled to amortize to $12.1 million.
Each of the interest rate swaps set forth in the table above was designated as a cash flow hedge of interest rate risk.
The table below sets forth the fair value of our interest rate derivatives as well as their classification on our consolidated balance sheets (in thousands):

|  |  |  | Fair Value at
Derivatives |  | Balance Sheet Location |  | March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges |  | Prepaid expenses and other assets |  | $ | 1,183 |  |  | $ | 158 |
Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges |  | Other liabilities |  | (735 | ) |  | (1,572 | )

The table below presents the effect of our interest rate derivatives on our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (in thousands):

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31,
|  | 2017 |  | 2016
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss (“AOCL”) (effective portion) |  | $ | 224 |  |  | $ | (11,284 | )
Amount of losses reclassified from AOCL into interest expense (effective portion) |  | (1,184 | ) |  | (870 | )
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in interest expense (ineffective portion) |  | 454 |  |  | (1,551 | )

Over the next 12 months, we estimate that approximately $2.6 million of losses will be reclassified from AOCL as an increase to interest expense.
We have agreements with each of our interest rate derivative counterparties that contain provisions under which, if we default or are capable of being declared in default on defined levels of our indebtedness, we could also be declared in default on our derivative obligations. Failure to comply with the loan covenant provisions could result in our being declared in default on any derivative instrument obligations covered by the agreements. As of March 31, 2017, the fair value of interest rate
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derivatives in a liability position related to these agreements was $735,000, excluding the effects of accrued interest and credit valuation adjustments. As of March 31, 2017, we had not posted any collateral related to these agreements. We are not in default with any of these provisions. If we breached any of these provisions, we could be required to settle our obligations under the agreements at their termination value of $892,000.
10. Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests
Our partners in two real estate joint ventures, LW Redstone Company, LLC and Stevens Investors, LLC (discussed further in Note 5), have the right to require us to acquire their respective interests at fair value; accordingly, we classify the fair value of our partners’ interests as redeemable noncontrolling interests in the mezzanine section of our consolidated balance sheet. We determine the fair value of the interests based on unobservable inputs after considering the assumptions that market participants would make in pricing the interest. We apply a discount rate to the estimated future cash flows allocable to our partners from the properties underlying the respective joint ventures. Estimated cash flows used in such analyses are based on our plans for the properties and our views of market and economic conditions, and consider items such as current and future rental rates, occupancies for the properties and comparable properties and estimated operating and capital expenditures. The table below sets forth the activity for these redeemable noncontrolling interests (in thousands):

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31,
|  | 2017 |  | 2016
Beginning balance |  | $ | 22,979 |  |  | $ | 19,218 |
Contributions from noncontrolling interests |  | — |  |  | 22,779 |
Distributions to noncontrolling interests |  | (415 | ) |  | (20,526 | )
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests |  | 567 |  |  | 560 |
Adjustment to arrive at fair value of interests |  | 545 |  |  | 302 |
Ending balance |  | $ | 23,676 |  |  | $ | 22,333 |

11. Equity
COPT redeemed all of the outstanding shares of its Series K Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares (the “Series K Preferred Shares”) effective January 21, 2017 at a price of $50.00 per share, or $26.6 million in the aggregate, plus accrued and unpaid dividends thereon through the date of redemption. Concurrently with this redemption, COPLP redeemed its Series K Preferred Units on the same terms. Since we made an irrevocable notification to holders of the Series K Preferred Shares in December 2016 of our intention to redeem such shares, we presented the liquidation preference of the shares/units as a liability on the consolidated balance sheets of COPT and COPLP as of December 31, 2016; we also recognized a $17,000 decrease to net income available to common shareholders/unitholders in the three months ended December 31, 2016 pertaining to the original issuance costs incurred on the shares/units.
During the three months ended March 31, 2017, COPT issued 546,782 common shares at a weighted average price of $33.89 per share under its existing at-the-market (“ATM”) stock offering program. Net proceeds from the shares issued totaled $18.3 million, after payment of $278,000 in commissions to sales agents. COPT contributed the net proceeds from these issuances to COPLP in exchange for an equal number of units in COPLP. COPT’s remaining capacity under this ATM program is an aggregate gross sales price of $71.5 million in common share sales.
During the three months ended March 31, 2017, certain COPLP limited partners converted 185,000 common units in COPLP for an equal number of common shares in COPT.
See Note 13 for disclosure of COPT common share and COPLP common unit activity pertaining to our share-based compensation plans.
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12. Information by Business Segment
We have the following reportable segments: Defense/IT Locations; Regional Office; our operating wholesale data center; and other. We also report on Defense/IT Locations sub-segments, which include the following: Fort George G. Meade and the Baltimore/Washington Corridor (referred to herein as “Fort Meade/BW Corridor”); Northern Virginia Defense/IT Locations; Lackland Air Force Base (in San Antonio); locations serving the U.S. Navy (“Navy Support Locations”), which included properties proximate to the Washington Navy Yard, the Naval Air Station Patuxent River in Maryland and the Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division in Virginia; Redstone Arsenal (in Huntsville); and data center shells (properties leased to tenants to be operated as data centers in which the tenants generally fund the costs for the power, fiber connectivity and data center infrastructure). We measure the performance of our segments through the measure we define as net operating income from real estate operations (“NOI from real estate operations”), which includes: real estate revenues and property operating expenses; and the net of revenues and property operating expenses of real estate operations owned through unconsolidated real estate joint ventures (“UJVs”) that is allocable to COPT’s ownership interest (“UJV NOI allocable to COPT”). Amounts reported for segment assets represent long-lived assets associated with consolidated operating properties (including the carrying value of properties, intangible assets, deferred leasing costs, deferred rents receivable and lease incentives) and the carrying value of investments in UJVs owning operating properties. Amounts reported as additions to long-lived assets represent additions to existing consolidated operating properties, excluding transfers from non-operating properties, which we report separately.
The table below reports segment financial information for our reportable segments (in thousands):

| Operating Office Property Segments |  |  |  |  |  |
| Defense/Information Technology Locations |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Fort Meade/BW Corridor |  | Northern Virginia Defense/IT |  | Lackland Air Force Base |  | Navy Support Locations |  | Redstone Arsenal |  | Data Center Shells |  | Total Defense/IT Locations |  | Regional Office |  | Operating Wholesale Data Center |  | Other |  | Total
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from real estate operations | $ | 60,855 |  |  | $ | 11,707 |  |  | $ | 11,634 |  |  | $ | 7,010 |  |  | $ | 3,460 |  |  | $ | 5,522 |  |  | $ | 100,188 |  |  | $ | 18,276 |  |  | $ | 6,770 |  |  | $ | 1,533 |  |  | $ | 126,767 |
Property operating expenses | (20,520 | ) |  | (4,452 | ) |  | (6,802 | ) |  | (3,209 | ) |  | (1,371 | ) |  | (659 | ) |  | (37,013 | ) |  | (7,486 | ) |  | (3,365 | ) |  | (655 | ) |  | (48,519 | )
UJV NOI allocable to COPT | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,298 |  |  | 1,298 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,298 |
NOI from real estate operations | $ | 40,335 |  |  | $ | 7,255 |  |  | $ | 4,832 |  |  | $ | 3,801 |  |  | $ | 2,089 |  |  | $ | 6,161 |  |  | $ | 64,473 |  |  | $ | 10,790 |  |  | $ | 3,405 |  |  | $ | 878 |  |  | $ | 79,546 |
Additions to long-lived assets | $ | 3,422 |  |  | $ | 2,468 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,168 |  |  | $ | 132 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 8,190 |  |  | $ | 7,120 |  |  | $ | 1,574 |  |  | $ | 156 |  |  | $ | 17,040 |
Transfers from non-operating properties | $ | 13,416 |  |  | $ | 222 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (4 | ) |  | $ | (1,015 | ) |  | $ | 12,619 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | 18 |  |  | $ | 12,645 |
Segment assets at March 31, 2017 | $ | 1,258,437 |  |  | $ | 361,449 |  |  | $ | 131,194 |  |  | $ | 195,892 |  |  | $ | 109,171 |  |  | $ | 206,489 |  |  | $ | 2,262,632 |  |  | $ | 439,079 |  |  | $ | 229,630 |  |  | $ | 21,011 |  |  | $ | 2,952,352 |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from real estate operations | $ | 62,509 |  |  | $ | 12,116 |  |  | $ | 10,225 |  |  | $ | 6,934 |  |  | $ | 3,116 |  |  | $ | 6,330 |  |  | $ | 101,230 |  |  | $ | 23,502 |  |  | $ | 6,493 |  |  | $ | 1,862 |  |  | $ | 133,087 |
Property operating expenses | (23,246 | ) |  | (4,541 | ) |  | (5,420 | ) |  | (3,524 | ) |  | (978 | ) |  | (810 | ) |  | (38,519 | ) |  | (9,831 | ) |  | (2,661 | ) |  | (864 | ) |  | (51,875 | )
NOI from real estate operations | $ | 39,263 |  |  | $ | 7,575 |  |  | $ | 4,805 |  |  | $ | 3,410 |  |  | $ | 2,138 |  |  | $ | 5,520 |  |  | $ | 62,711 |  |  | $ | 13,671 |  |  | $ | 3,832 |  |  | $ | 998 |  |  | $ | 81,212 |
Additions to long-lived assets | $ | 6,519 |  |  | $ | 3,078 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,270 |  |  | $ | 618 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 11,485 |  |  | $ | 2,759 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 157 |  |  | $ | 14,401 |
Transfers from non-operating properties | $ | 35,751 |  |  | $ | (94 | ) |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 211 |  |  | $ | 26,097 |  |  | $ | 61,971 |  |  | $ | 82 |  |  | $ | 51 |  |  | $ | (11 | ) |  | $ | 62,093 |
Segment assets at March 31, 2016 | $ | 1,319,444 |  |  | $ | 407,199 |  |  | $ | 133,757 |  |  | $ | 195,306 |  |  | $ | 107,693 |  |  | $ | 227,808 |  |  | $ | 2,391,207 |  |  | $ | 603,662 |  |  | $ | 240,484 |  |  | $ | 70,039 |  |  | $ | 3,305,392 |

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The following table reconciles our segment revenues to total revenues as reported on our consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):

| For the Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Segment revenues from real estate operations | $ | 126,767 |  |  | $ | 133,087 |
Construction contract and other service revenues | 13,034 |  |  | 11,220 |
Total revenues | $ | 139,801 |  |  | $ | 144,307 |

The following table reconciles UJV NOI allocable to COPT to equity in income of unconsolidated entities as reported on our consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):

| For the Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
UJV NOI allocable to COPT | $ | 1,298 |  |  | $ | — |
Less: Income from UJV allocable to COPT attributable to depreciation and amortization expense and interest expense | (572 | ) |  | — |
Add: Equity in (loss) income of unconsolidated non-real estate entities | (1 | ) |  | 10 |
Equity in income of unconsolidated entities | $ | 725 |  |  | $ | 10 |

As previously discussed, we provide real estate services such as property management and construction and development services primarily for our properties but also for third parties. The primary manner in which we evaluate the operating performance of our service activities is through a measure we define as net operating income from service operations (“NOI from service operations”), which is based on the net of revenues and expenses from these activities. Construction contract and other service revenues and expenses consist primarily of subcontracted costs that are reimbursed to us by the customer along with a management fee. The operating margins from these activities are small relative to the revenue. We believe NOI from service operations is a useful measure in assessing both our level of activity and our profitability in conducting such operations. The table below sets forth the computation of our NOI from service operations (in thousands):

| For the Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Construction contract and other service revenues | $ | 13,034 |  |  | $ | 11,220 |
Construction contract and other service expenses | (12,486 | ) |  | (10,694 | )
NOI from service operations | $ | 548 |  |  | $ | 526 |

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The following table reconciles our NOI from real estate operations for reportable segments and NOI from service operations to income from before gain on sales of real estate as reported on our consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):

| For the Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
NOI from real estate operations | $ | 79,546 |  |  | $ | 81,212 |
NOI from service operations | 548 |  |  | 526 |
Interest and other income | 1,726 |  |  | 1,156 |
Equity in income of unconsolidated entities | 725 |  |  | 10 |
Income tax (expense) benefit | (40 | ) |  | 8 |
Depreciation and other amortization associated with real estate operations | (33,059 | ) |  | (34,527 | )
Impairment losses | — |  |  | (2,446 | )
General, administrative and leasing expenses | (8,611 | ) |  | (11,883 | )
Business development expenses and land carry costs | (1,693 | ) |  | (2,418 | )
Interest expense | (18,994 | ) |  | (23,559 | )
Less: UJV NOI allocable to COPT included in equity in income of unconsolidated entities | (1,298 | ) |  | — |
Gain on early extinguishment of debt | — |  |  | 17 |
Income before gain on sales of real estate | $ | 18,850 |  |  | $ | 8,096 |

The following table reconciles our segment assets to the consolidated total assets of COPT and subsidiaries (in thousands):

| March 31, 2017 |  | March 31, 2016
Segment assets | $ | 2,952,352 |  |  | $ | 3,305,392 |
Non-operating property assets | 429,690 |  |  | 444,334 |
Other assets | 357,324 |  |  | 188,182 |
Total COPT consolidated assets | $ | 3,739,366 |  |  | $ | 3,937,908 |

The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those used to prepare our consolidated financial statements, except that discontinued operations and UJV NOI allocable to COPT are not presented separately for segment purposes. In the segment reporting presented above, we did not allocate interest expense, depreciation and amortization, impairment losses, gain on early extinguishment of debt, gain on sales of real estate and equity in (loss) income of unconsolidated entities not included in NOI to our real estate segments since they are not included in the measure of segment profit reviewed by management. We also did not allocate general, administrative and leasing expenses, business development expenses and land carry costs, interest and other income, income taxes and noncontrolling interests because these items represent general corporate or non-operating property items not attributable to segments.
13. Share-Based Compensation and Other Compensation Matters
Performance Share Units (“PSUs”)
On January 1, 2017, our Board of Trustees granted 36,525 PSUs with an aggregate grant date fair value of $1.4 million to executives. The PSUs have a performance period beginning on January 1, 2017 and concluding on the earlier of December 31, 2019 or the date of: (1) termination by us without cause, death or disability of the executive or constructive discharge of the executive (collectively, “qualified termination”); or (2) a sale event. The number of PSUs earned (“earned PSUs”) at the end of the performance period will be determined based on the percentile rank of COPT’s total shareholder return relative to a peer group of companies, as set forth in the following schedule:

Percentile Rank |  | Earned PSUs Payout %
75th or greater |  | 200% of PSUs granted
50th or greater |  | 100% of PSUs granted
25th |  | 50% of PSUs granted
Below 25th |  | 0% of PSUs granted

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If the percentile rank exceeds the 25th percentile and is between two of the percentile ranks set forth in the table above, then the percentage of the earned PSUs will be interpolated between the ranges set forth in the table above to reflect any performance between the listed percentiles. At the end of the performance period, we, in settlement of the award, will issue a number of fully-vested COPT common shares equal to the sum of:

• | the number of earned PSUs in settlement of the award plan; plus

• | the aggregate dividends that would have been paid with respect to the common shares issued in settlement of the earned PSUs through the date of settlement had such shares been issued on the grant date, divided by the share price on such settlement date, as defined under the terms of the agreement.

If a performance period ends due to a sale event or qualified termination, the number of earned PSUs is prorated based on the portion of the three-year performance period that has elapsed. If employment is terminated by the employee or by us for cause, all PSUs are forfeited. PSUs do not carry voting rights. We computed a grant date fair value of $38.43 per PSU using a Monte Carlo model, which included assumptions of, among other things, the following: baseline common share value of $31.22; expected volatility for COPT common shares of 19.0%; and a risk-free interest rate of 1.47%. We are recognizing the grant date fair value in connection with these PSU awards over the period commencing on January 1, 2017 and ending on December 31, 2019.
We issued 9,763 common shares on February 7, 2017 to Mr. Stephen E. Budorick, our Chief Executive Officer, in settlement of PSUs issued in 2014, representing 100% of the target award for those PSUs.
Restricted Shares
During the three months ended March 31, 2017, certain employees were granted a total of 208,953 restricted common shares with an aggregate grant date fair value of $7.1 million (weighted average of $34.02 per share). Restricted shares granted to employees vest based on increments and over periods of time set forth under the terms of the respective awards provided that the employees remain employed by us. During the three months ended March 31, 2017, forfeiture restrictions lapsed on 139,201 previously issued common shares; these shares had a weighted average grant date fair value of $26.21 per share, and the aggregate intrinsic value of the shares on the vesting dates was $4.7 million.
14. Earnings Per Share (“EPS”) and Earnings Per Unit (“EPU”)
COPT and Subsidiaries EPS
We present both basic and diluted EPS. We compute basic EPS by dividing net income available to common shareholders allocable to unrestricted common shares under the two-class method by the weighted average number of unrestricted common shares outstanding during the period. Our computation of diluted EPS is similar except that:

• | the denominator is increased to include: (1) the weighted average number of potential additional common shares that would have been outstanding if securities that are convertible into COPT common shares were converted; and (2) the effect of dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period attributable to share-based compensation using the treasury stock or if-converted methods; and

• | the numerator is adjusted to add back any changes in income or loss that would result from the assumed conversion into common shares that we added to the denominator.

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Summaries of the numerator and denominator for purposes of basic and diluted EPS calculations are set forth below (in thousands, except per share data):

| For the Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Numerator: |  |  |
Net income attributable to COPT | $ | 21,355 |  |  | $ | 6,826 |
Preferred share dividends | (3,180 | ) |  | (3,552 | )
Income attributable to share-based compensation awards | (125 | ) |  | (118 | )
Numerator for basic and diluted EPS on net income attributable to COPT common shareholders | $ | 18,050 |  |  | $ | 3,156 |
Denominator (all weighted averages): |  |  |
Denominator for basic EPS (common shares) | 98,411 |  |  | 94,203 |
Dilutive effect of share-based compensation awards | 155 |  |  | 95 |
Denominator for diluted EPS (common shares) | 98,566 |  |  | 94,298 |
Basic EPS: |  |  |
Net income attributable to COPT common shareholders | $ | 0.18 |  |  | $ | 0.03 |
Diluted EPS: |  |  |
Net income attributable to COPT common shareholders | $ | 0.18 |  |  | $ | 0.03 |

Our diluted EPS computations do not include the effects of the following securities since the conversions of such securities would increase diluted EPS for the respective periods (in thousands):

| Weighted Average Shares Excluded from Denominator
| For the Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Conversion of common units | 3,446 |  |  | 3,677 |
Conversion of Series I Preferred Units | 176 |  |  | 176 |
Conversion of Series K Preferred Shares | — |  |  | 434 |

The following share-based compensation securities were excluded from the computation of diluted EPS because their effects were antidilutive:

• | weighted average restricted shares and deferred share awards for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 of 392,000 and 405,000, respectively; and

• | weighted average options for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 of 140,000 and 379,000, respectively.

COPLP and Subsidiaries EPU
We present both basic and diluted EPU. We compute basic EPU by dividing net income available to common unitholders allocable to unrestricted common units under the two-class method by the weighted average number of unrestricted common units outstanding during the period. Our computation of diluted EPU is similar except that:

• | the denominator is increased to include: (1) the weighted average number of potential additional common units that would have been outstanding if securities that are convertible into our common units were converted; and (2) the effect of dilutive potential common units outstanding during the period attributable to share-based compensation using the treasury stock or if-converted methods; and

• | the numerator is adjusted to add back any changes in income or loss that would result from the assumed conversion into common units that we added to the denominator.

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Summaries of the numerator and denominator for purposes of basic and diluted EPU calculations are set forth below (in thousands, except per unit data):

| For the Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Numerator: |  |  |
Net income attributable to COPLP common unitholders | $ | 22,154 |  |  | $ | 7,117 |
Preferred unit distributions | (3,345 | ) |  | (3,717 | )
Income attributable to share-based compensation awards | (125 | ) |  | (118 | )
Numerator for basic and diluted EPU on net income attributable to COPLP common unitholders | $ | 18,684 |  |  | $ | 3,282 |
Denominator (all weighted averages): |  |  |
Denominator for basic EPU (common units) | 101,857 |  |  | 97,880 |
Dilutive effect of share-based compensation awards | 155 |  |  | 95 |
Denominator for diluted EPU (common units) | 102,012 |  |  | 97,975 |
Basic EPU: |  |  |
Net income attributable to COPLP common unitholders | $ | 0.18 |  |  | $ | 0.03 |
Diluted EPU: |  |  |
Net income attributable to COPLP common unitholders | $ | 0.18 |  |  | $ | 0.03 |

Our diluted EPU computations do not include the effects of the following securities since the conversions of such securities would increase diluted EPU for the respective periods (in thousands):

| Weighted Average Units Excluded from Denominator
| For the Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Conversion of Series I preferred units | 176 |  |  | 176 |
Conversion of Series K preferred units | — |  |  | 434 |

The following share-based compensation securities were excluded from the computation of diluted EPU because their effects were antidilutive:

• | weighted average restricted units and deferred share awards for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 of 392,000 and 405,000, respectively; and

• | weighted average options for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 of 140,000 and 379,000, respectively.

15. Commitments and Contingencies
Litigation
In the normal course of business, we are involved in legal actions arising from our ownership and administration of properties. We establish reserves for specific legal proceedings when we determine that the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome is probable and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Management does not anticipate that any liabilities that may result from such proceedings will have a materially adverse effect on our financial position, operations or liquidity. Our assessment of the potential outcomes of these matters involves significant judgment and is subject to change based on future developments.
Environmental
We are subject to various Federal, state and local environmental regulations related to our property ownership and operation. We have performed environmental assessments of our properties, the results of which have not revealed any environmental liability that we believe would have a materially adverse effect on our financial position, operations or liquidity.
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Tax Incremental Financing Obligation
In August 2010, Anne Arundel County, Maryland issued $30 million in tax incremental financing bonds to third-party investors in order to finance public improvements needed in connection with our project known as National Business Park North. The real estate taxes on increases in assessed value of a development district encompassing National Business Park North are to be transferred to a special fund pledged to the repayment of the bonds. We recognized a $1.5 million liability through March 31, 2017 representing our estimated obligation to fund through a special tax any future shortfalls between debt service on the bonds and real estate taxes available to repay the bonds.
Operating Leases
We are obligated as lessee under operating leases (mostly ground leases) with various expiration dates extending to the year 2100. Future minimum rental payments due under the terms of these operating leases as of March 31, 2017 follow (in thousands):

Year Ending December 31, |  |
2017 (1) |  | $ | 985 |
2018 |  | 1,290 |
2019 |  | 1,269 |
2020 |  | 1,261 |
2021 |  | 1,260 |
Thereafter |  | 85,762 |
|  | $ | 91,827 |

(1) Represents the nine months ending December 31, 2017.
Contractual Obligations
We had amounts remaining to be incurred under various contractual obligations as of March 31, 2017 that included the following:

• | new development and redevelopment obligations of $128.0 million;

• | capital expenditures for operating properties of $51.8 million;

• | third party construction and development of $6.7 million; and

• | other obligations of $1.4 million.

Environmental Indemnity Agreement
In connection with a lease and subsequent sale in 2008 and 2010 of three properties in Dayton, New Jersey, we agreed to provide certain environmental indemnifications limited to $19 million in the aggregate. We have insurance coverage in place to mitigate much of any potential future losses that may result from these indemnification agreements.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Overview
During the three months ended March 31, 2017:

• | we finished the period with occupancy of our portfolio of operating office properties at 92.4%, including six properties owned through an unconsolidated real estate joint venture;

• | we placed into service an aggregate of 86,000 square feet in newly redeveloped properties that were 61.0% leased as of March 31, 2017;

• | we sold an operating property totaling 190,000 square feet that was 87.2% occupied for $39.0 million and other land for $14.3 million;

• | COPT used available cash to redeem all of the outstanding shares of its Series K Preferred Shares effective January 21, 2017 at a price of $50.00 per share, or $26.6 million in the aggregate, plus accrued and unpaid dividends thereon through the date of redemption. Concurrently with this redemption, COPLP redeemed its Series K Preferred Units on the same terms; and

• | COPT issued 546,782 common shares at a weighted average price of $33.89 per share under its ATM stock offering program. Net proceeds from the shares issued totaled $18.3 million. The net proceeds were used primarily to fund our cash reserves.

We discuss significant factors contributing to changes in our net income in the section below entitled “Results of Operations.” The results of operations discussion is combined for COPT and COPLP because there are no material differences in the results of operations between the two reporting entities.
In addition, the section below entitled “Liquidity and Capital Resources” includes discussions of, among other things:

• | how we expect to generate cash for short and long-term capital needs; and

• | our commitments and contingencies.

You should refer to our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto as you read this section.
This section contains “forward-looking” statements, as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Act of 1995, that are based on our current expectations, estimates and projections about future events and financial trends affecting the financial condition and operations of our business. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “estimate,” “plan” or other comparable terminology. Forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which we cannot predict with accuracy and some of which we might not even anticipate. Although we believe that the expectations, estimates and projections reflected in such forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions at the time made, we can give no assurance that these expectations, estimates and projections will be achieved. Future events and actual results may differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Important factors that may affect these expectations, estimates and projections include, but are not limited to:

• | general economic and business conditions, which will, among other things, affect office property and data center demand and rents, tenant creditworthiness, interest rates, financing availability and property values;

• | adverse changes in the real estate markets, including, among other things, increased competition with other companies;

• | governmental actions and initiatives, including risks associated with the impact of a prolonged government shutdown or budgetary reductions or impasses, such as a reduction in rental revenues, non-renewal of leases and/or a curtailment of demand for additional space by our strategic customers;

• | our ability to borrow on favorable terms;

• | risks of real estate acquisition and development activities, including, among other things, risks that development projects may not be completed on schedule, that tenants may not take occupancy or pay rent or that development or operating costs may be greater than anticipated;

• | risks of investing through joint venture structures, including risks that our joint venture partners may not fulfill their financial obligations as investors or may take actions that are inconsistent with our objectives;

• | changes in our plans for properties or views of market economic conditions or failure to obtain development rights, either of which could result in recognition of significant impairment losses;

• | our ability to satisfy and operate effectively under Federal income tax rules relating to real estate investment trusts and partnerships;

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• | the dilutive effects of issuing additional common shares;

• | our ability to achieve projected results; and

• | environmental requirements.

We undertake no obligation to update or supplement forward-looking statements.
Occupancy and Leasing
Office Properties
The tables below set forth occupancy information pertaining to our portfolio of operating office properties, which included six properties owned through an unconsolidated real estate joint venture:

| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Occupancy rates at period end |  |  |  |  |
Total | 92.4 | % |  | 92.1 | %
Defense/IT Locations: |  |  |
Fort Meade/BW Corridor | 94.1 | % |  | 94.3 | %
Northern Virginia Defense/IT | 85.8 | % |  | 85.0 | %
Lackland Air Force Base | 100.0 | % |  | 100.0 | %
Navy Support Locations | 78.1 | % |  | 72.7 | %
Redstone Arsenal | 100.0 | % |  | 96.4 | %
Data Center Shells | 100.0 | % |  | 100.0 | %
Total Defense/IT Locations | 93.3 | % |  | 92.6 | %
Regional Office | 93.3 | % |  | 95.2 | %
Other | 52.9 | % |  | 52.9 | %
Average contractual annual rental rate per square foot at period end (1) | $ | 30.20 |  |  | $ | 30.16 |

(1) | Includes estimated expense reimbursements. Amounts reported include the portion of properties owned through an unconsolidated real estate joint venture that was allocable to our ownership interest.

| Rentable Square Feet |  | Occupied Square Feet
| (in thousands)
December 31, 2016 | 17,190 |  |  | 15,831 |
Square feet vacated | — |  |  | (161 | )
Occupancy of previously vacated space in connection with new leases (1) | — |  |  | 214 |
Square feet constructed or redeveloped | 86 |  |  | 72 |
Dispositions | (190 | ) |  | (166 | )
Other changes | (4 | ) |  | (2 | )
March 31, 2017 | 17,082 |  |  | 15,788 |

(1) | Excludes occupancy of vacant square feet acquired or developed.

During the three months ended March 31, 2017, we completed 366,000 square feet of leasing, including 58,000 of construction and redevelopment space, and renewed 62.0% of the square footage of our lease expirations (including the effect of early renewals).
Occupancy of our Same Office Properties increased from 91.8% as of December 31, 2016 to 92.4% as of March 31, 2017.
Wholesale Data Center Property
Our 19.25 megawatt wholesale data center property had 14.9 megawatts leased as of March 31, 2017, which was unchanged from December 31, 2016; the leased megawatts excluded approximately one additional megawatt provided to users under management agreements. While we believe that demand exists for our unleased megawatts in this property, we face significant competition from other properties in the region.
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Results of Operations
We evaluate the operating performance of our properties using NOI from real estate operations, our segment performance measure, which includes: real estate revenues and property operating expenses; and the net of revenues and property operating expenses of real estate operations owned through unconsolidated real estate joint ventures (“UJVs”) that is allocable to COPT’s ownership interest (“UJV NOI allocable to COPT”). We view our NOI from real estate operations as comprising the following primary categories of operating properties:

• | office properties continually owned and 100% operational throughout the current and prior year reporting periods, excluding properties held for sale. We define these as changes from “Same Office Properties”;

• | constructed or redeveloped office properties placed into service that were not 100% operational throughout the current and prior year reporting periods;

• | our wholesale data center;

• | properties held for sale as of March 31, 2017; and

• | property dispositions.

In addition to owning properties, we provide construction management and other services. The primary manner in which we evaluate the operating performance of our construction management and other service activities is through a measure we define as NOI from service operations, which is based on the net of the revenues and expenses from these activities. The revenues and expenses from these activities consist primarily of subcontracted costs that are reimbursed to us by customers along with a management fee. The operating margins from these activities are small relative to the revenue. We believe NOI from service operations is a useful measure in assessing both our level of activity and our profitability in conducting such operations.
Since both of the measures discussed above exclude certain items includable in income before gain on sales of real estate, reliance on these measures has limitations; management compensates for these limitations by using the measures simply as supplemental measures that are considered alongside other GAAP and non-GAAP measures. A reconciliation of NOI from real estate operations and NOI from service operations to income before gain on sales of real estate reported on the consolidated statements of operations of COPT and subsidiaries is provided in Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements.
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Comparison of Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016

| For the Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | Variance
| (in thousands)
Revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues from real estate operations | $ | 126,767 |  |  | $ | 133,087 |  |  | $ | (6,320 | )
Construction contract and other service revenues | 13,034 |  |  | 11,220 |  |  | 1,814 |
Total revenues | 139,801 |  |  | 144,307 |  |  | (4,506 | )
Expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property operating expenses | 48,519 |  |  | 51,875 |  |  | (3,356 | )
Depreciation and amortization associated with real estate operations | 33,059 |  |  | 34,527 |  |  | (1,468 | )
Construction contract and other service expenses | 12,486 |  |  | 10,694 |  |  | 1,792 |
Impairment losses | — |  |  | 2,446 |  |  | (2,446 | )
General, administrative and leasing expenses | 8,611 |  |  | 11,883 |  |  | (3,272 | )
Business development expenses and land carry costs | 1,693 |  |  | 2,418 |  |  | (725 | )
Total operating expenses | 104,368 |  |  | 113,843 |  |  | (9,475 | )
Operating income | 35,433 |  |  | 30,464 |  |  | 4,969 |
Interest expense | (18,994 | ) |  | (23,559 | ) |  | 4,565 |
Interest and other income | 1,726 |  |  | 1,156 |  |  | 570 |
Gain on early extinguishment of debt | — |  |  | 17 |  |  | (17 | )
Equity in income of unconsolidated entities | 725 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 715 |
Income tax (expense) benefit | (40 | ) |  | 8 |  |  | (48 | )
Income before gain on sales of real estate | 18,850 |  |  | 8,096 |  |  | 10,754 |
Gain on sales of real estate | 4,238 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,238 |
Net income | $ | 23,088 |  |  | $ | 8,096 |  |  | $ | 14,992 |

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NOI from Real Estate Operations

| For the Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | Variance
| (Dollars in thousands, except per square foot data)
Revenues |  |  |  |  |
Same Office Properties revenues |  |  |  |  |
Rental revenue, excluding lease termination revenue | $ | 89,115 |  |  | $ | 86,149 |  |  | $ | 2,966 |
Lease termination revenue | 706 |  |  | 953 |  |  | (247 | )
Tenant recoveries and other real estate operations revenue | 23,962 |  |  | 24,015 |  |  | (53 | )
Same Office Properties total revenues | 113,783 |  |  | 111,117 |  |  | 2,666 |
Constructed and redeveloped properties placed in service | 3,531 |  |  | 802 |  |  | 2,729 |
Wholesale data center | 6,770 |  |  | 6,493 |  |  | 277 |
Properties held for sale | 1,787 |  |  | 2,038 |  |  | (251 | )
Dispositions | 715 |  |  | 12,518 |  |  | (11,803 | )
Other | 181 |  |  | 119 |  |  | 62 |
| 126,767 |  |  | 133,087 |  |  | (6,320 | )
Property operating expenses |  |  |  |  |
Same Office Properties | (42,659 | ) |  | (43,382 | ) |  | 723 |
Constructed and redeveloped properties placed in service | (1,273 | ) |  | (199 | ) |  | (1,074 | )
Wholesale data center | (3,365 | ) |  | (2,661 | ) |  | (704 | )
Properties held for sale | (568 | ) |  | (893 | ) |  | 325 |
Dispositions | (239 | ) |  | (4,611 | ) |  | 4,372 |
Other | (415 | ) |  | (129 | ) |  | (286 | )
| (48,519 | ) |  | (51,875 | ) |  | 3,356 |
UJV NOI allocable to COPT | 1,298 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,008 |
NOI from real estate operations |  |  |  |  |
Same Office Properties | 71,124 |  |  | 67,735 |  |  | 3,389 |
Constructed and redeveloped properties placed in service | 2,258 |  |  | 603 |  |  | 1,655 |
Wholesale data center | 3,405 |  |  | 3,832 |  |  | (427 | )
Properties held for sale | 1,219 |  |  | 1,145 |  |  | 74 |
Dispositions | 476 |  |  | 7,907 |  |  | (7,431 | )
Other | 1,064 |  |  | (10 | ) |  | 1,074 |
| $ | 79,546 |  |  | $ | 81,212 |  |  | $ | (1,666 | )
Same Office Properties rent statistics |  |  |  |  |
Average occupancy rate | 92.2 | % |  | 91.3 | % |  | 0.9 | %
Average straight-line rent per occupied square foot (1) | $ | 6.50 |  |  | $ | 6.35 |  |  | $ | 0.15 |

(1) | Includes minimum base rents, net of abatements, and lease incentives on a straight-line basis for the three-month periods set forth above.

Our Same Office Properties pool consisted of 141 office properties, comprising 87.1% of our total operating office square footage as of March 31, 2017 (89.0% excluding the effect of properties held for sale). This pool of properties included the following changes from the pool used for purposes of comparing 2016 and 2015 in our 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K: the addition of four properties placed in service that were 100% operational by January 1, 2016, three properties acquired in 2015 and two properties reclassified from held for sale in 2017; and the removal of one property reclassified to held for sale in 2017.
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Our NOI from constructed and redeveloped properties placed in service included 10 properties placed in service in 2016 and 2017.
NOI from Service Operations

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31,
|  | 2017 |  | 2016 |  | Variance
|  | (in thousands)
Construction contract and other service revenues |  | $ | 13,034 |  |  | $ | 11,220 |  |  | $ | 1,814 |
Construction contract and other service expenses |  | 12,486 |  |  | 10,694 |  |  | 1,792 |
NOI from service operations |  | $ | 548 |  |  | $ | 526 |  |  | $ | 22 |

Construction contract and other service revenue and expenses increased due primarily to a greater volume of construction activity in connection with several of our tenants. Construction contract activity is inherently subject to significant variability depending on the volume and nature of projects undertaken by us (primarily on behalf of tenants). Service operations are an ancillary component of our overall operations that typically contribute an insignificant amount of operating income relative to our real estate operations.
Impairment Losses
In the first quarter of 2016, we reclassified to held for sale most of our properties in Greater Philadelphia (included in our Regional Office segment), two properties in the Fort Meade/BW Corridor sub-segment and our remaining land holdings in Colorado Springs, Colorado, and recognized $2.4 million of impairment losses.
General, Administrative and Leasing Expenses
General, administrative and leasing expenses decreased due primarily to our recognition in the prior period of $4.1 million in executive transition costs, representing mostly severance and termination benefits primarily in connection with executive departures, compared to $699,000 in such costs recognized in the current period.
Interest Expense
The decrease in interest expense included: a $2.0 million decrease in expense associated with hedge ineffectiveness on our interest rate swaps recognized in the current period relative to the prior period; and the effect of an 11% decrease in our average outstanding debt in the current period relative to the prior period.
Gain on Sales of Real Estate
We recognized gain on sales of real estate of $4.2 million in the current period in connection with a land sale (discussed further in Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements).
Funds from Operations
Funds from operations (“FFO”) is defined as net income computed using GAAP, excluding gains on sales of, and impairment losses on, previously depreciated operating properties, plus real estate-related depreciation and amortization. When multiple properties consisting of both operating and non-operating properties exist on a single tax parcel, we classify all of the gains on sales of, and impairment losses on, the tax parcel as all being for previously depreciated operating properties when most of the value of the parcel is associated with operating properties on the parcel. FFO also includes adjustments to net income for the effects of the items noted above pertaining to UJVs that were allocable to our ownership interest in the UJVs. We believe that we use the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”) definition of FFO, although others may interpret the definition differently and, accordingly, our presentation of FFO may differ from those of other REITs. We believe that FFO is useful to management and investors as a supplemental measure of operating performance because, by excluding gains related to sales of, and impairment losses on, previously depreciated operating properties, net of related tax benefit, and excluding real estate-related depreciation and amortization, FFO can help one compare our operating performance between periods. In addition, since most equity REITs provide FFO information to the investment community, we believe that FFO is useful to investors as a supplemental measure for comparing our results to those of other equity REITs. We believe that net income is the most directly comparable GAAP measure to FFO.
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Since FFO excludes certain items includable in net income, reliance on the measure has limitations; management compensates for these limitations by using the measure simply as a supplemental measure that is weighed in the balance with other GAAP and non-GAAP measures. FFO is not necessarily an indication of our cash flow available to fund cash needs. Additionally, it should not be used as an alternative to net income when evaluating our financial performance or to cash flow from operating, investing and financing activities when evaluating our liquidity or ability to make cash distributions or pay debt service.
Basic FFO available to common share and common unit holders (“Basic FFO”) is FFO adjusted to subtract (1) preferred share dividends, (2) issuance costs associated with redeemed preferred shares, (3) income attributable to noncontrolling interests through ownership of preferred units in the Operating Partnership or interests in other consolidated entities not owned by us, (4) depreciation and amortization allocable to noncontrolling interests in other consolidated entities and (5) Basic FFO allocable to restricted shares. With these adjustments, Basic FFO represents FFO available to common shareholders and common unitholders. Common units in the Operating Partnership are substantially similar to our common shares and are exchangeable into common shares, subject to certain conditions. We believe that Basic FFO is useful to investors due to the close correlation of common units to common shares. We believe that net income is the most directly comparable GAAP measure to Basic FFO. Basic FFO has essentially the same limitations as FFO; management compensates for these limitations in essentially the same manner as described above for FFO.
Diluted FFO available to common share and common unit holders (“Diluted FFO”) is Basic FFO adjusted to add back any changes in Basic FFO that would result from the assumed conversion of securities that are convertible or exchangeable into common shares. We believe that Diluted FFO is useful to investors because it is the numerator used to compute Diluted FFO per share, discussed below. We believe that net income is the most directly comparable GAAP measure to Diluted FFO. Since Diluted FFO excludes certain items includable in the numerator to diluted EPS, reliance on the measure has limitations; management compensates for these limitations by using the measure simply as a supplemental measure that is weighed in the balance with other GAAP and non-GAAP measures. Diluted FFO is not necessarily an indication of our cash flow available to fund cash needs. Additionally, it should not be used as an alternative to net income when evaluating our financial performance or to cash flow from operating, investing and financing activities when evaluating our liquidity or ability to make cash distributions or pay debt service.
Diluted FFO available to common share and common unit holders, as adjusted for comparability is defined as Diluted FFO adjusted to exclude operating property acquisition costs; gains on sales of, and impairment losses on, properties other than previously depreciated operating properties, net of associated income tax; gain or loss on early extinguishment of debt; FFO associated with properties securing non-recourse debt on which we have defaulted and which we have extinguished, or expect to extinguish, via conveyance of such properties, including property NOI and interest expense; loss on interest rate derivatives; demolition costs on redevelopment properties; executive transition costs (including separation related compensation and replacement recruitment for Vice President level positions and above); and issuance costs associated with redeemed preferred shares. This measure also includes adjustments for the effects of the items noted above pertaining to UJVs that were allocable to our ownership interest in the UJVs. We believe this to be a useful supplemental measure alongside Diluted FFO as it excludes gains and losses from certain investing and financing activities and certain other items that we believe are not closely correlated to (or associated with) our operating performance. We believe that net income is the most directly comparable GAAP measure to this non-GAAP measure. This measure has essentially the same limitations as Diluted FFO, as well as the further limitation of not reflecting the effects of the excluded items; we compensate for these limitations in essentially the same manner as described above for Diluted FFO.
Diluted FFO per share is (1) Diluted FFO divided by (2) the sum of the (a) weighted average common shares outstanding during a period, (b) weighted average common units outstanding during a period and (c) weighted average number of potential additional common shares that would have been outstanding during a period if other securities that are convertible or exchangeable into common shares were converted or exchanged. We believe that Diluted FFO per share is useful to investors because it provides investors with a further context for evaluating our FFO results in the same manner that investors use earnings per share (“EPS”) in evaluating net income available to common shareholders. In addition, since most equity REITs provide Diluted FFO per share information to the investment community, we believe that Diluted FFO per share is a useful supplemental measure for comparing us to other equity REITs. We believe that diluted EPS is the most directly comparable GAAP measure to Diluted FFO per share. Diluted FFO per share has most of the same limitations as Diluted FFO (described above); management compensates for these limitations in essentially the same manner as described above for Diluted FFO.
Diluted FFO per share, as adjusted for comparability is (1) Diluted FFO, as adjusted for comparability divided by (2) the sum of the (a) weighted average common shares outstanding during a period, (b) weighted average common units outstanding during a period and (c) weighted average number of potential additional common shares that would have been outstanding during a period if other securities that are convertible or exchangeable into common shares were converted or exchanged. We
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believe that this measure is useful to investors because it provides investors with a further context for evaluating our FFO results. We believe this to be a useful supplemental measure alongside Diluted FFO per share as it excludes gains and losses from certain investing and financing activities and certain other items that we believe are not closely correlated to (or associated with) our operating performance. We believe that diluted EPS is the most directly comparable GAAP measure to this per share measure. This measure has most of the same limitations as Diluted FFO (described above) as well as the further limitation of not reflecting the effects of the excluded items; we compensate for these limitations in essentially the same manner as described above for Diluted FFO.
The computations for all of the above measures on a diluted basis assume the conversion of common units in COPLP but do not assume the conversion of other securities that are convertible into common shares if the conversion of those securities would increase per share measures in a given period.
We use measures called payout ratios as supplemental measures of our ability to make distributions to investors based on each of the following: FFO; Diluted FFO; and Diluted FFO, adjusted for comparability. These measures are defined as (1) the sum of (a) dividends on common shares and (b) distributions to holders of interests in COPLP and dividends on convertible preferred shares when such distributions and dividends are included in Diluted FFO divided by either (2) FFO, Diluted FFO or Diluted FFO, adjusted for comparability.
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The table appearing below sets forth the computation of the above stated measures for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, and provides reconciliations to the GAAP measures of COPT and subsidiaries associated with such measures:

| For the Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
| (Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)
Net income | $ | 23,088 |  |  | $ | 8,096 |
Add Real estate-related depreciation and amortization | 33,059 |  |  | 34,527 |
Add: Depreciation and amortization on UJV allocable to COPT | 311 |  |  | — |
Add: Impairment losses on previously depreciated operating properties | — |  |  | 847 |
Add: Gain on sales of previously depreciated operating properties | (19 | ) |  | — |
FFO | 56,439 |  |  | 43,470 |
Less: Preferred share dividends | (3,180 | ) |  | (3,552 | )
Less: Noncontrolling interests-preferred units in the Operating Partnership | (165 | ) |  | (165 | )
Less: FFO allocable to other noncontrolling interests | (978 | ) |  | (1,027 | )
Basic and diluted FFO allocable to share-based compensation awards | (216 | ) |  | (166 | )
Basic and diluted FFO available to common share and common unit holders | $ | 51,900 |  |  | $ | 38,560 |
Gain on sales of non-operating properties | (4,219 | ) |  | — |
Impairment losses on non-operating properties | — |  |  | 1,599 |
(Gain) loss on interest rate derivatives | (453 | ) |  | 1,551 |
Gain on early extinguishment of debt | — |  |  | (17 | )
Executive transition costs | 699 |  |  | 4,137 |
Demolition costs on redevelopment properties | 222 |  |  | 208 |
Diluted FFO comparability adjustments allocable to share-based compensation awards | 14 |  |  | (31 | )
Diluted FFO available to common share and common unit holders, as adjusted for comparability | $ | 48,163 |  |  | $ | 46,007 |
Weighted average common shares | 98,411 |  |  | 94,203 |
Conversion of weighted average common units | 3,446 |  |  | 3,677 |
Weighted average common shares/units - Basic FFO | 101,857 |  |  | 97,880 |
Dilutive effect of share-based compensation awards | 155 |  |  | 95 |
Weighted average common shares/units - Diluted FFO | 102,012 |  |  | 97,975 |
Diluted FFO per share | $ | 0.51 |  |  | $ | 0.39 |
Diluted FFO per share, as adjusted for comparability | $ | 0.47 |  |  | $ | 0.47 |
Denominator for diluted EPS | 98,566 |  |  | 94,298 |
Weighted average common units | 3,446 |  |  | 3,677 |
Denominator for diluted FFO per share measures | 102,012 |  |  | 97,975 |

Property Additions
The table below sets forth the major components of our additions to properties for the three months ended March 31, 2017 (in thousands):

Construction, development and redevelopment | $ | 33,434 |  |  |
Tenant improvements on operating properties | 4,804 |  |  | (1)
Capital improvements on operating properties | 3,213 |  |  |
| $ | 41,451 |  |  |

(1) Tenant improvement costs incurred on newly-constructed properties are classified in this table as construction, development and redevelopment.
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Cash Flows
Net cash flow provided by operating activities increased $13.2 million when comparing the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. This increase included an $11.8 million increase in cash flow from construction contracts and other services due in large part to the timing of cash collections and payments on third party construction services.
Net cash flow provided by investing activities increased $58.0 million when comparing the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 due primarily to an increase in property sales in 2017 relative to 2016.
Net cash flow used in financing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $46.0 million, and included the following:

• | dividends and/or distributions to equity holders of $31.8 million; and

• | redemption of preferred shares (or units) of $26.6 million; offset in part by

• | net proceeds from the issuance of common shares (or units) of $18.2 million.

Net cash flow provided by financing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2016 was $10.8 million, and included the following:

• | net proceeds from debt borrowings of $61.7 million; offset in part by

• | dividends and/or distributions to equity holders of $30.7 million; and

• | distributions to redeemable noncontrolling interests of $13.8 million related primarily to distributions to our partner in Stevens Investors, LLC, as discussed in our 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Liquidity and Capital Resources of COPT
COPLP is the entity through which COPT, the sole general partner of COPLP, conducts almost all of its operations and owns almost all of its assets. COPT issues public equity from time to time, but does not otherwise generate any capital itself or conduct any business itself, other than incurring certain expenses in operating as a public company which are fully reimbursed by COPLP. COPT itself does not hold any indebtedness, and its only material asset is its ownership of partnership interests of COPLP. COPT’s principal funding requirement is the payment of dividends on its common and preferred shares. COPT’s principal source of funding for its dividend payments is distributions it receives from COPLP.
As of March 31, 2017, COPT owned 96.7% of the outstanding common units and 95.1% of the outstanding preferred units in COPLP; the remaining common and preferred units in COPLP were owned by third parties. As the sole general partner of COPLP, COPT has the full, exclusive and complete responsibility for COPLP’s day-to-day management and control.
The liquidity of COPT is dependent on COPLP’s ability to make sufficient distributions to COPT. The primary cash requirement of COPT is its payment of dividends to its shareholders. COPT also guarantees some of the Operating Partnership’s debt, as discussed further in Note 8 of the notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere herein. If the Operating Partnership fails to fulfill certain of its debt requirements, which trigger COPT’s guarantee obligations, then COPT will be required to fulfill its cash payment commitments under such guarantees. However, COPT’s only significant asset is its investment in COPLP.
As discussed further below, we believe the Operating Partnership’s sources of working capital, specifically its cash flow from operations, and borrowings available under its unsecured line of credit, are adequate for it to make its distribution payments to COPT and, in turn, for COPT to make its dividend payments to its shareholders.
COPT’s short-term liquidity requirements consist primarily of funds to pay for future dividends expected to be paid to its shareholders. COPT periodically accesses the public equity markets to raise capital by issuing common and/or preferred shares.
For COPT to maintain its qualification as a REIT, it must pay dividends to its shareholders aggregating annually at least 90% of its ordinary taxable income. As a result of this distribution requirement, it cannot rely on retained earnings to fund its ongoing operations to the same extent that some other companies can. COPT may need to continue to raise capital in the equity markets to fund COPLP’s working capital needs, acquisitions and developments.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources of COPLP
Our primary cash requirements are for operating expenses, debt service, development of new properties, improvements to existing properties and acquisitions, to the extent they are pursued in the future. We expect to continue to use cash flow provided by operations as the primary source to meet our short-term capital needs, including property operating expenses, general and administrative expenses, interest expense, scheduled principal amortization of debt, distributions to our security holders and improvements to existing properties. As of March 31, 2017, we had $226.5 million in cash and cash equivalents.
Our senior unsecured debt is currently rated investment grade by the three major rating agencies. We aim to maintain an investment grade rating to enable us to use debt comprised of unsecured, primarily fixed-rate debt (including the effect of interest rate swaps) from public markets and banks. We also use secured nonrecourse debt from institutional lenders and banks, when appropriate. In addition, we periodically access the public equity markets to raise capital by issuing common and/or preferred shares.
We use our Revolving Credit Facility to initially finance much of our investing activities. We subsequently pay down the facility using proceeds from long-term borrowings, equity issuances and property sales. The lenders’ aggregate commitment under the facility is $800.0 million, with the ability for us to increase the lenders’ aggregate commitment to $1.3 billion, provided that there is no default under the facility and subject to the approval of the lenders. Amounts available under the facility are computed based on 60% of our unencumbered asset value, as defined in the loan agreement. The Revolving Credit Facility matures in May 2019, and may be extended by two six-month periods at our option, provided that there is no default under the facility and we pay an extension fee of 0.075% of the total availability of the facility. As of March 31, 2017, the maximum borrowing capacity under this facility totaled $800.0 million, all of which was available.
We believe that our liquidity and capital resources are adequate for our near-term and longer-term requirements without necessitating property sales. We do, however, expect to raise an estimated $40 million from sales of interests in properties
during the remainder of 2017 and use the proceeds to fund development costs.
The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of March 31, 2017 (in thousands):

| For the Periods Ending December 31, |  |
| 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2019 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | Thereafter |  | Total
Contractual obligations (1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debt (2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balloon payments due upon maturity | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 312,132 |  |  | $ | 300,000 |  |  | $ | 1,276,829 |  |  | $ | 1,888,961 |
Scheduled principal payments | 3,053 |  |  | 4,241 |  |  | 4,387 |  |  | 4,024 |  |  | 3,875 |  |  | 10,680 |  |  | 30,260 |
Interest on debt (3) | 53,921 |  |  | 71,668 |  |  | 71,484 |  |  | 66,898 |  |  | 57,705 |  |  | 116,244 |  |  | 437,920 |
New development and redevelopment obligations (4)(5) | 112,745 |  |  | 12,604 |  |  | 2,615 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 127,964 |
Third-party construction and development obligations (5)(6) | 6,723 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,723 |
Capital expenditures for operating properties (5)(7) | 22,187 |  |  | 20,825 |  |  | 8,779 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 51,791 |
Operating leases (8) | 985 |  |  | 1,290 |  |  | 1,269 |  |  | 1,261 |  |  | 1,260 |  |  | 85,762 |  |  | 91,827 |
Other obligations (8) | 486 |  |  | 380 |  |  | 342 |  |  | 153 |  |  | 39 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 1,409 |
Total contractual cash obligations | $ | 200,100 |  |  | $ | 111,008 |  |  | $ | 88,876 |  |  | $ | 384,468 |  |  | $ | 362,879 |  |  | $ | 1,489,524 |  |  | $ | 2,636,855 |

(1) | The contractual obligations set forth in this table exclude property operations contracts that may be terminated with notice of one month or less and also exclude accruals and payables incurred and therefore reflected in our reported liabilities.

(2) | Represents scheduled principal amortization payments and maturities only and therefore excludes net debt discounts and deferred financing costs of $15.6 million.

(3) | Represents interest costs for our outstanding debt as of March 31, 2017 for the terms of such debt. For variable rate debt, the amounts reflected above used March 31, 2017 interest rates on variable rate debt in computing interest costs for the terms of such debt.

(4) | Represents contractual obligations pertaining to new development and redevelopment activities.

(5) | Due to the long-term nature of certain construction and development contracts and leases included in these lines, the amounts reported in the table represent our estimate of the timing for the related obligations being payable.

(6) | Represents contractual obligations pertaining to projects for which we are acting as construction manager on behalf of unrelated parties who are our clients. We expect to be reimbursed in full for these costs by our clients.

(7) | Represents contractual obligations pertaining to capital expenditures for our operating properties. We expect to finance these costs primarily using cash flow from operations.

(8) | We expect to pay these items using cash flow from operations.

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We expect to spend approximately $180 million on construction and development costs and approximately $40 million on improvements to operating properties (including the commitments set forth in the table above) during the remainder of 2017. We expect to fund the construction and development costs using primarily borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility and proceeds from property dispositions. We expect to fund improvements to existing operating properties using cash flow from operations.
Certain of our debt instruments require that we comply with a number of restrictive financial covenants, including maximum leverage ratio, unencumbered leverage ratio, minimum net worth, minimum fixed charge coverage, minimum unencumbered interest coverage ratio, minimum debt service and maximum secured indebtedness ratio. As of March 31, 2017, we were in compliance with these financial covenants.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We had no material off-balance sheet arrangements during the three months ended March 31, 2017.
Inflation
Most of our tenants are obligated to pay their share of a property’s operating expenses to the extent such expenses exceed amounts established in their leases, which are based on historical expense levels. Some of our tenants are obligated to pay their full share of a building’s operating expenses. These arrangements somewhat reduce our exposure to increases in such costs resulting from inflation.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements for information regarding recent accounting pronouncements.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
We are exposed to certain market risks, one of the most predominant of which is a change in interest rates. Increases in interest rates can result in increased interest expense under our Revolving Credit Facility and other variable rate debt. Increases in interest rates can also result in increased interest expense when our fixed rate debt matures and needs to be refinanced.
The following table sets forth as of March 31, 2017 our debt obligations and weighted average interest rates on debt maturing each year (dollars in thousands):

| For the Periods Ending December 31, |  |
| 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2019 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | Thereafter |  | Total
Debt: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed rate debt (1) | $ | 2,776 |  |  | $ | 3,858 |  |  | $ | 3,991 |  |  | $ | 3,718 |  |  | $ | 303,875 |  |  | $ | 1,037,509 |  |  | $ | 1,355,727 |
Weighted average interest rate | 4.35 | % |  | 4.37 | % |  | 4.36 | % |  | 3.96 | % |  | 3.70 | % |  | 4.47 | % |  | 4.30 | %
Variable rate debt | $ | 277 |  |  | $ | 383 |  |  | $ | 396 |  |  | $ | 312,438 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 250,000 |  |  | $ | 563,494 |
Weighted average interest rate (2) | 2.63 | % |  | 2.63 | % |  | 2.63 | % |  | 2.21 | % |  | — | % |  | 2.59 | % |  | 2.38 | %

(1) | Represents principal maturities only and therefore excludes net discounts and deferred financing costs of $15.6 million.

(2) | The amounts reflected above used interest rates as of March 31, 2017 for variable rate debt.

The fair value of our debt was $1.9 billion as of March 31, 2017. If interest rates had been 1% lower, the fair value of our fixed-rate debt would have increased by approximately $99 million as of March 31, 2017.
See Note 9 to our consolidated financial statements for information pertaining to interest rate swap contracts in place as of March 31, 2017 and their respective fair values.
Based on our variable-rate debt balances, including the effect of interest rate swap contracts, our interest expense would have increased by $250,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2017 if the one-month LIBOR rate was 1% higher.
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Item 4. Controls and Procedures
COPT
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company’s management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of March 31, 2017. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2017 were functioning effectively to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and (ii) accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
(b) Change in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
No change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting occurred during the most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting.
COPLP
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Operating Partnership’s management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of March 31, 2017. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Operating Partnership’s disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2017 were functioning effectively to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by the Operating Partnership in reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and (ii) accumulated and communicated to the Operating Partnership’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
(b) Change in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
No change in the Operating Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting occurred during the most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting.
PART II: OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
We are not currently involved in any material litigation nor, to our knowledge, is any material litigation currently threatened against the Company or the Operating Partnership (other than routine litigation arising in the ordinary course of business, substantially all of which is expected to be covered by liability insurance).
Item 1A. Risk Factors
There have been no material changes to the risk factors included in our 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

(a) | During the three months ended March 31, 2017, 185,000 of COPLP’s common units were exchanged for 185,000 COPT common shares in accordance with COPLP’s Second Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement, as amended. The issuance of these common shares was effected in reliance upon the exemption from registration under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

(b) Not applicable
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(c) Not applicable
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
(a) Not applicable
(b) Not applicable
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable
Item 5. Other Information
None
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Item 6. Exhibits
(a) Exhibits:

EXHIBIT NO. |  | DESCRIPTION
12.1 |  | COPT’s Statement regarding Computation of Earnings to Combined Fixed Charges and Preferred Share Dividends (filed herewith).
12.2 |  | COPLP’s Statement regarding Computation of Consolidated Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges (filed herewith).
31.1 |  | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer of Corporate Office Properties Trust required by Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (filed herewith).
31.2 |  | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer of Corporate Office Properties Trust required by Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (filed herewith).
31.3 |  | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer of Corporate Office Properties, L.P. required by Rule 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (filed herewith).
31.4 |  | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer of Corporate Office Properties, L.P. required by Rule 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (filed herewith).
32.1 |  | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer of Corporate Office Properties Trust required by Rule 13a-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. (This exhibit shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section. Further, this exhibit shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Exchange Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.) (Furnished herewith).
32.2 |  | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer of Corporate Office Properties Trust required by Rule 13a-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. (This exhibit shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section. Further, this exhibit shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Exchange Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended). (Furnished herewith).
32.3 |  | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer of Corporate Office Properties, L.P. required by Rule 15d-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. (This exhibit shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section. Further, this exhibit shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Exchange Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.) (Furnished herewith).
32.4 |  | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer of Corporate Office Properties, L.P. required by Rule 15d-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. (This exhibit shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section. Further, this exhibit shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Exchange Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended). (Furnished herewith).
101.INS |  | XBRL Instance Document (filed herewith).
101.SCH |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document (filed herewith).
101.CAL |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document (filed herewith).
101.LAB |  | XBRL Extension Labels Linkbase (filed herewith).
101.PRE |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document (filed herewith).
101.DEF |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document (filed herewith).

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the undersigned Registrants have duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

| CORPORATE OFFICE PROPERTIES TRUST |  | CORPORATE OFFICE PROPERTIES, L.P.
|  |  | By: Corporate Office Properties Trust,
|  |  | its General Partner
| /s/ Stephen E. Budorick |  | /s/ Stephen E. Budorick
| Stephen E. Budorick |  | Stephen E. Budorick
| President and Chief Executive Officer |  | President and Chief Executive Officer
| /s/ Anthony Mifsud |  | /s/ Anthony Mifsud
| Anthony Mifsud |  | Anthony Mifsud
| Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |  | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Dated: | April 28, 2017 | Dated: | April 28, 2017

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