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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Financial Assets Measured on Recurring Basis
As at December 31, 2023
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
($ in millions)
Available for sale financial assets, at fair value
U.S. government$1,202.6 $— $— $1,202.6 
U.S. agency— 7.2 — 7.2 
Municipal— 128.1 — 128.1 
Corporate— 1,959.3 — 1,959.3 
Non-U.S. government-backed corporate— 100.7 — 100.7 
Non-U.S. government200.4 73.4 — 273.8 
Agency commercial mortgage-backed— 5.8 — 5.8 
Agency residential mortgage-backed— 445.1 — 445.1 
Total fixed income securities available for sale, at fair value
1,403.0 2,719.6 — 4,122.6 
Short-term investments available for sale, at fair value
86.7 6.9 — 93.6 
Privately-held investments available for sale, at fair value— — 14.9 14.9 
Held for trading financial assets, at fair value
U.S. government245.5 — — 245.5 
Municipal— 3.1 — 3.1 
Corporate— 171.5 — 171.5 
Non-U.S. government-backed corporate— 8.3 — 8.3 
High yield loans— 92.1 — 92.1 
Non-U.S. government13.0 21.8 — 34.8 
Asset-backed— 908.2 — 908.2 
Agency mortgage-backed— 22.2 — 22.2 
Total fixed income securities trading, at fair value
258.5 1,227.2 — 1,485.7 
Short-term investments trading, at fair value
0.2 1.9 — 2.1 
Catastrophe bonds trading, at fair value
— 1.6 — 1.6 
Privately-held investments trading, at fair value
— — 475.0 475.0 
Other investments (1)
— — — 209.3 
Other financial assets and liabilities, at fair value
Derivative assets — foreign exchange contracts
— 31.7 — 31.7 
Derivative liabilities — foreign exchange contracts
— (9.3)— (9.3)
Derivative liabilities — loss portfolio transfer (2)
— (16.5)(16.5)
Total
1,748.4 3,979.6 473.4 6,410.7 
________________
(1)Other investments represents our investments in investment funds operating strategies in real estate, infrastructure and lending and are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share practical expedient. As a result the investments are not classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in the table above are intended to permit
reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the consolidated balance sheets. The investment in the funds is subject to restrictions as detailed in Note 21(a), “Commitments and Contingent Liabilities.”
(2)The loss portfolio transfer contract includes a funds withheld arrangement that provides variable interest expense based on Aspen’s investment performance. As a result, the funds withheld arrangement is considered an embedded derivative and accounted for as an option-based derivative.
At December 31, 2022
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
($ in millions)
Available for sale financial assets, at fair value
U.S. government$953.0 $— $— $953.0 
U.S. agency— 8.8 — 8.8 
Municipal— 149.5 — 149.5 
Corporate— 1,845.0 — 1,845.0 
Non-U.S. government-backed corporate— 110.4 — 110.4 
Non-U.S. government145.3 68.3 — 213.6 
Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed— 5.6 — 5.6 
Agency mortgage-backed— 502.7 — 502.7 
Total fixed income securities available for sale, at fair value
1,098.3 2,690.3 — 3,788.6 
Short-term investments available for sale, at fair value
51.9 0.1 — 52.0 
Held for trading financial assets, at fair value
U.S. government261.6 — — 261.6 
Municipal— 3.6 — 3.6 
Corporate— 162.1 — 162.1 
Non-U.S. government-backed corporate— 11.6 — 11.6 
High yield loans— 88.3 — 88.3 
Non-U.S. government10.6 19.8 — 30.4 
Asset-backed— 896.5 — 896.5 
Agency mortgage-backed— 21.4 — 21.4 
Total fixed income securities trading, at fair value
272.2 1,203.3 — 1,475.5 
Short-term investments trading, at fair value
6.3 — — 6.3 
Catastrophe bonds trading, at fair value
— 2.9 — 2.9 
Privately-held investments
— — 533.0 533.0 
Other investments (1)
— — — 221.3 
Other financial assets and liabilities, at fair value
Derivative assets — foreign exchange contracts
— 56.2 — 56.2 
Derivative liabilities — foreign exchange contracts
— (3.2)— (3.2)
Derivative liabilities — loss portfolio transfer(2)
— — (31.7)(31.7)
Total
$1,428.7 $3,949.6 $501.3 $6,100.9 
________________
(1)Other investments represents our investments in investment funds operating strategies in real estate, infrastructure and lending and are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share practical expedient. As a result the investments are not classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in the table above are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the consolidated balance sheets. The investment in the funds is subject to restrictions as detailed in Note 21(a), “Commitments and Contingent Liabilities.”
(2)The loss portfolio transfer contract includes a funds withheld arrangement that provides variable interest expense based on Aspen’s investment performance. As a result, the funds withheld arrangement is considered an embedded derivative and accounted for as an option-based derivative.
Fair Value, Measured on a Recurring Basis, Gain (Loss) Included in Earnings
Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2023Balance at beginning of yearPurchases and issuancesTransfers inTransfers (out)Settlements and sales
Increase/(decrease) in fair value included in net income(1) / OCI(2)
Balance at end of year
Change in unrealized gains (losses) relating to assets held at end of year (1) (2)
Assets
Privately-held investments — available for sale
Asset-backed securities$— $14.7 $— $— $— $0.2 $14.9 $0.2 
Privately-held investments — trading
Commercial mortgage loans$312.1 $40.6 $— $— $(61.5)$(16.3)$274.9 $(17.9)
Middle market loans and other private debt106.9 18.3 — — (41.9)1.5 84.8 0.5 
Asset-backed securities66.8 21.9 5.3 (5.5)(7.6)2.0 82.9 1.7 
Global corporate securities15.0 — — — (0.4)(0.2)14.4 (0.2)
Equity securities6.6 — — (6.6)— — — — 
Short-term investments25.6 18.2 — — (25.8)— 18.0 — 
Total Level 3 assets
$533.0 $113.7 $5.3 $(12.1)$(137.2)$(12.8)$489.9 $(15.7)
Liabilities
Derivative liabilities — loss portfolio transfer$(31.7)$— $— $— $— $15.2 $(16.5)$15.2 
Total Level 3 liabilities
$(31.7)$— $— $— $— $15.2 $(16.5)$15.2 
Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2022
Assets
Privately-held investments — trading
Commercial mortgage loans$211.5 $215.7 $— $— $(113.1)$(2.0)$312.1 $(0.5)
Middle market loans and other private debt65.3 61.8 — — (19.3)(0.9)106.9 (2.1)
Asset-backed securities26.7 54.5 — — (12.6)(1.8)66.8 (2.0)
Global corporate securities— 15.1 — — — (0.1)15.0 — 
Equity securities3.6 5.5 — — (2.4)(0.1)6.6 — 
Short-term investments— 25.6 — — — — 25.6 — 
Total Level 3 assets$307.1 $378.2 $— $— $(147.4)$(4.9)$533.0 $(4.6)
Liabilities
Derivative liabilities — loss portfolio transfer$— $(17.2)$— $— $— $(14.5)$(31.7)$— 
Total Level 3 liabilities$— $(17.2)$— $— $— $(14.5)$(31.7)$— 
______________
(1)Increases/(decreases) in the fair value of privately-held investments - trading are included in realized and unrealized investment losses in the consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive (loss). Increases/(decreases) in the fair value of derivative liabilities - loss portfolio transfer are included within change in fair value of derivatives in the consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive (loss).
(2)Increases/(decreases) in the fair value of privately-held investments - available for sale are included in other comprehensive income (“OCI”).
Fair Value Inputs, and Valuation Techniques
At December 31, 2023Fair Value
Level 3
Valuation TechniquesUnobservable (U) inputsRangesWeighted Average
($ in millions)
Privately-held investments — Trading
Commercial mortgage loans$274.9 Discounted cash flowDiscount rate3.8 %– 20.0 %7.7 %
Middle market loans and other private debt84.8 Discounted cash flowDiscount rate7.7 %18.5 %11.0 %
Asset-backed securities82.9 Discounted cash flowDiscount rate5.9 %– 9.7 %7.0 %
Global corporate securities14.4 Discounted cash flowDiscount rate6.6 %– 6.6 %6.6 %
Short-term investments18.0 Discounted cash flowDiscount rate9.3 %18.5 %9.3 %
Privately-held investments — Available for sale
Asset-backed securities14.9 Transaction valuen/an/an/an/a
Total
$489.9