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The Company and its Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Business of the Company

Business of the Company

 

Inter Parfums, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) are in the fragrance business and manufacture and distribute a wide array of prestige fragrances and fragrance related products.

  

Substantially all of our prestige fragrance brands are licensed from unaffiliated third parties, and our business is dependent upon the continuation and renewal of such licenses. With respect to the Company’s largest brands, we license the Jimmy Choo, Montblanc, Coach and GUESS brand names. As a percentage of net sales, product sales for the Company’s largest brands were as follows:

 

   Year Ended December 31,
   2023  2022  2021
Jimmy Choo   17%   18%   18%
Montblanc   17%   18%   19%
Coach   15%   15%   16%
GUESS   12%   12%   12%
Donna Karan/DKNY   7%   3%   — 
Ferragamo   5%   5%   1%

 
Basis of Preparation

Basis of Preparation

 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries, including 72% owned Interparfums SA, a subsidiary whose stock is publicly traded in France. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

Management Estimates

Management Estimates

 

Management makes assumptions and estimates to prepare financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Those assumptions and estimates directly affect the amounts reported and disclosures included in the consolidated financial statements. Actual results could differ from those assumptions and estimates. Significant estimates for which changes in the near term are considered reasonably possible and that may have a material impact on the financial statements are disclosed in these notes to the consolidated financial statements.
Foreign Currency Translation

Foreign Currency Translation

 

For foreign subsidiaries with operations denominated in a foreign currency, assets and liabilities are translated to U.S. dollars at year-end exchange rates. Income and expense items are translated at average rates of exchange prevailing during the year. Gains and losses from translation adjustments are accumulated in a separate component of shareholders’ equity.
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments

Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments

 

All highly liquid investments purchased with a maturity of three months or less are considered to be cash equivalents. The Company also has short-term investments which consist of marketable equity securities, certificates of deposit and other contracts with maturities greater than three months. The Company monitors concentrations of credit risk associated with financial institutions with which the Company conducts significant business. The Company believes its credit risk is minimal, as the Company primarily conducts business with large, well-established financial institutions. Substantially all cash and cash equivalents are primarily held at financial institutions outside the United States and are readily convertible into U.S. dollars.
Accounts Receivable

Accounts Receivable

 

Accounts receivable represent payments due to the Company for previously recognized net sales, reduced by allowances for doubtful accounts or balances which are estimated to be uncollectible, which aggregated $2.1 million and $4.7 million as of December 31, 2023, and 2022, respectively. Accounts receivable balances are written-off against the allowance for doubtful accounts when they become uncollectible. Recoveries of accounts receivable previously recorded against the allowance are recorded in the consolidated statement of income when received. We generally grant credit based upon our analysis of the customer’s financial position, as well as previously established buying patterns.
Inventories

Inventories

 

Inventories, including promotional merchandise, only include inventory considered saleable or usable in future periods, and are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value, with cost being determined on the first-in, first-out method. Cost components include raw materials, direct labor and overhead (e.g., indirect labor, utilities, depreciation, purchasing, receiving, inspection and warehousing) as well as inbound freight. Promotional merchandise is charged to cost of sales at the time the merchandise is shipped to the Company’s customers.
Derivatives

Derivatives

 

All derivative instruments are recorded as either assets or liabilities and measured at fair value. The Company uses derivative instruments to principally manage a variety of market risks. For derivatives designated as hedges of the exposure to changes in fair value of the recognized asset or liability or a firm commitment (referred to as fair value hedges), the gain or loss is recognized in earnings in the period of change together with the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the risk being hedged. The effect of that accounting is to include in earnings the extent to which the hedge is not effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value. For cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the derivative’s gain or loss is initially reported in equity (as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income) and is subsequently reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. The ineffective portion of the gain or loss of a cash flow hedge is reported in earnings immediately. The Company also holds certain instruments for economic purposes that are not designated for hedge accounting treatment. For these derivative instruments, changes in their fair value are recorded in earnings immediately.
Property, Equipment and Leasehold Improvements

Property, Equipment and Leasehold Improvements

 

Property, equipment and leasehold improvements are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives for furniture and equipment, which range between three and fifteen years. Depreciation on buildings and leasehold improvements is calculated using the straight-line method over the shorter of the lease term or estimated useful asset lives, which range between seven and fifty years. Depreciation provided on equipment used to produce inventory, such as tools and molds, is included in cost of sales.
Long-Lived Assets

Long-Lived Assets

 

Indefinite-lived intangible assets principally consist of trademarks which are not amortized. The Company evaluates indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at least annually during the fourth quarter, or more frequently when events occur or circumstances change, such as an unexpected decline in sales, that would more-likely-than-not indicate that the carrying value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset may not be recoverable. When testing indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment, the evaluation requires a comparison of the estimated fair value of the asset to the carrying value of the asset. The fair values used in our evaluations are estimated based upon discounted future cash flow projections using a weighted average cost of capital of 10.39% and 9.80% in 2023 and 2022, respectively. The cash flow projections are based upon a number of assumptions, including future sales levels, future cost of goods and operating expense levels, as well as economic conditions, changes to our business model or changes in consumer acceptance of our products which are more subjective in nature. If the carrying value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset exceeds its fair value, an impairment charge is recorded.

 

Intangible assets subject to amortization principally consist of licenses and are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the license term or estimated economic life, ranging from three to twenty years. Intangible assets subject to amortization are evaluated for impairment testing whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an amortizable intangible asset may not be recoverable. If impairment indicators exist for an amortizable intangible asset, the undiscounted future cash flows associated with the expected service potential of the asset are compared to the carrying value of the asset. If our projection of undiscounted future cash flows is in excess of the carrying value of the intangible asset, no impairment charge is recorded. If our projection of undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying value of the intangible asset, an impairment charge would be recorded to reduce the intangible asset to its fair value.
Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

 

The Company sells its products to department stores, perfumeries, specialty stores and domestic and international wholesalers and distributors. Our revenue contracts represent single performance obligations to sell our products to customers. Sales of such products by our domestic subsidiaries are denominated in U.S. dollars, and sales of such products by our foreign subsidiaries are primarily denominated in either euro or U.S. dollars. The substantial majority of our revenue is recognized at a point in time when control of the promised goods is transferred to customers based on agreed upon shipping terms, which usually occurs upon delivery. Revenue is recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration that we expect to receive in exchange for those goods. Net sales are comprised of gross revenues less incentives to customers such as returns, trade discounts and allowances, which give rise to variable consideration. The Company does not bill its customers’ freight and handling charges. All shipping and handling costs, which aggregated $14.2 million, $15.8 million and $10.0 million in 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of income. The Company grants credit to all qualified customers and does not believe it is exposed significantly to any undue concentration of credit risk. In 2023, Macys, our top retail customer, accounted for approximately 12% of net sales. No one customer represented 10% or more of net sales in 2022 and 2021.
Sales Returns

Sales Returns

 

Generally, the Company does not permit customers to return their unsold products. However, for U.S. based customers, we allow returns if properly requested, authorized and approved. The Company regularly reviews and revises, as deemed necessary, its estimate of reserves for future sales returns based primarily upon historic trends and relevant current data including information provided by retailers regarding their inventory levels. In addition, as necessary, specific accruals may be established for significant future known or anticipated events. The types of known or anticipated events that we consider include, but are not limited to, the financial condition of our customers, store closings by retailers, changes in the retail environment and our decision to continue to support new and existing products. The Company records its estimate of potential sales returns as a reduction of sales and cost of sales with corresponding entries to accrued expenses, to record the refund liability, and inventory, for the right to recover goods from the customer. The refund liability associated with estimated returns was $5.5 million and $8.6 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and the amounts recognized for the rights to recover products was $2.4 million and $3.2 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The physical condition and marketability of returned products are the major factors we consider in estimating realizable value. Actual returns, as well as estimated realizable values of returned products, may differ significantly, either favorably or unfavorably, from our estimates, if factors such as economic conditions, inventory levels or competitive conditions differ from our expectations.
Payments to Customers

Payments to Customers

 

The Company records revenues generated from purchase with purchase and gift with purchase promotions as sales and the costs of its purchase with purchase and gift with purchase promotions as cost of sales. Certain other incentive arrangements require the payment of a fee to customers based on their attainment of pre-established sales levels. These fees have been recorded as a reduction of net sales.
Advertising and Promotion

Advertising and Promotion

 

Advertising and promotional costs are expensed as incurred and recorded as a component of cost of goods sold (in the case of free goods given to customers) or selling, general and administrative expenses. Advertising and promotional costs included in selling, general and administrative expenses were $259.9 million, $212.4 million and $171.1 million for 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Costs relating to purchase with purchase and gift with purchase promotions that are reflected in cost of sales aggregated $52.3 million, $43.1 million and $36.9 million in 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Package Development Costs

Package Development Costs

 

Package development costs associated with new products and redesigns of existing product packaging are expensed as incurred.
Operating Leases

Operating Leases

 

The Company leases its offices and warehouses, vehicles, and certain office equipment, substantially all of which are classified as operating leases. The Company currently has no material financing leases. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating lease assets and obligations are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term.
License Agreements

License Agreements

 

The Company’s license agreements generally provide the Company with worldwide rights to manufacture, market and sell prestige fragrances and fragrance related products using the licensors’ trademarks. The licenses typically have an initial term of approximately 5 to 15 years and are potentially renewable subject to the Company’s compliance with the license agreement provisions. The remaining terms, excluding potential renewal periods, range from approximately 1 to 12 years. Under each license, the Company is required to pay royalties in the range of 6% to 10% to the licensor, at least annually, based on net sales to third parties.

 

In certain cases, the Company may pay an entry fee to acquire, or enter into, a license where the licensor or another licensee was operating a pre-existing fragrance business. In those cases, the entry fee is capitalized as an intangible asset and amortized over its useful life.

 

Most license agreements require minimum royalty payments, incremental royalties based on net sales levels and minimum spending on advertising and promotional activities. Royalty expenses are accrued in the period in which net sales are recognized while advertising and promotional expenses are accrued at the time these costs are incurred.

 

In addition, the Company is exposed to certain concentration risk. Most of our prestige fragrance brands are licensed from unaffiliated third parties, and our business is dependent upon the continuation and renewal of such licenses.
Income Taxes

Income Taxes

 

The Company accounts for income taxes using an asset and liability approach that requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in its financial statements or tax returns. The net deferred tax assets assume sufficient future earnings for their realization, as well as the continued application of currently enacted tax rates. Included in net deferred tax assets is a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, where management believes it is more-likely-than-not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized in the relevant jurisdiction. If the Company determines that a deferred tax asset will not be realizable, an adjustment to the deferred tax asset will result in a reduction of net earnings at that time. Accrued interest and penalties are included within the related tax asset or liability in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
Issuance of Common Stock by Consolidated Subsidiary

Issuance of Common Stock by Consolidated Subsidiary

 

The difference between the Company’s share of the proceeds received by the subsidiary and the carrying amount of the portion of the Company’s investment deemed sold, is reflected as an equity adjustment in the consolidated balance sheets.
Treasury Stock

Treasury Stock

 

The Board of Directors has authorized share repurchases of the Company’s common stock (Share Repurchase Authorizations). Share repurchases under Share Repurchase Authorizations are made through open market transactions, negotiated purchase or otherwise, at times and in such amounts within the parameters authorized by the Board. Shares repurchased under Share Repurchase Authorizations are held in treasury for general corporate purposes, including issuances under various employee stock option plans. Treasury shares are accounted for under the cost method and reported as a reduction of equity. Share Repurchase Authorizations may be suspended, limited or terminated at any time without notice.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The ASU updates reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through requiring enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses and information used to assess segment performance and allocate resources. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, on a retrospective basis. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting this ASU on our disclosures.

 

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The ASU includes amendments requiring enhanced income tax disclosures, primarily related to standardization and disaggregation of rate reconciliation categories and income taxes paid by jurisdiction. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted and shall be applied on a prospective basis with the option to apply retrospectively. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting this ASU on our disclosures.

 

There are no other recent accounting pronouncements issued but not yet adopted that would have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.
Reclassifications

Reclassifications

 

Certain prior year amounts in the accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform with current period presentation.

 

Correction of Immaterial Misstatements in Prior Period Financial Statements

 

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company identified an error that caused an overstatement of line items on the previously reported consolidated statement of cash flows. The error does not impact any other consolidated financial statement included herein. Specifically, the error related to the timing of payments to Lacoste in accordance with the acquisition agreement of the Lacoste trademark in 2022 which required a payment in 2022 and an additional payment in 2023. In the 2022 consolidated statement of cash flow, the payment was reported to have been made in full during 2022. This error had no impact on net income or earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2022. The impact of the error resulted in a movement of $42.1 million between “Change in Accounts payable and accrued expenses” within operating cash flows and “Payment for intangible assets acquired” within investing cash flows.

 

In accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 99, Materiality, and SAB No. 108, Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements, the Company evaluated the errors and determined that the impact was not material to any of our previously issued financial statements.

 

The following table presents a summary of the impact by financial statement line item of the corrections for the year ended December 31, 2022:

 

   For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow  As previously reported   Adjustment   As revised 
(in thousands)               
                
Change in Accounts payable and accrued expenses   106,857    (42,119)   64,738 
Net cash provided by operating activities   115,150    (42,119)   73,031 
                
Payments for intangible assets acquired   (98,865)   42,119    (56,746)
Net cash used in investing activities   (132,763)   42,119    (90,644)