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Income Taxes | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2015
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block] | ## 10. Income Taxes Income before income taxes by geographic area was, for the years ended December 31:
(in thousands) |  | 2015 |  | 2014 |  | 2013
Federal |  | $ | 45,456 |  |  | $ | 57,950 |  |  | $ | 54,872 |
Foreign |  |  | (1,157 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
|  | $ | 44,299 |  |  | $ | 57,950 |  |  | $ | 54,872 |
The income tax provision consisted of the following for the years ended December 31:
(in thousands) |  | 2015 |  | 2014 |  | 2013
Current |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal |  | $ | 12,433 |  |  | $ | 14,720 |  |  | $ | 16,812 |
State |  |  | 3,006 |  |  |  | 3,031 |  |  |  | 2,920 |
|  |  | 15,439 |  |  |  | 17,751 |  |  |  | 19,732 |
Deferred |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal |  |  | 1,553 |  |  |  | 3,154 |  |  |  | 218 |
Foreign |  |  | (272 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
State |  |  | 277 |  |  |  | 501 |  |  |  | 163 |
|  |  | 1,558 |  |  |  | 3,655 |  |  |  | 381 |
Income tax expense |  | $ | 16,997 |  |  | $ | 21,406 |  |  | $ | 20,113 |
The differences between the U.S. federal statutory tax rate and the Company’s effective tax rate for continuing operations were as follows for the years ended December 31:
|  | 2015 |  | 2014 |  | 2013
U.S federal statutory rate |  |  | 35.0 | % |  |  | 35.0 | % |  |  | 35.0 | %
State income taxes, net of U.S. federal income tax expense |  |  | 4.6 |  |  |  | 3.6 |  |  |  | 3.5 |
Provision to return adjustments, net |  |  | 0.5 |  |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | (0.3 | )
Tax differential on foreign earnings |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Domestic production/manufacturing deduction |  |  | (2.4 | ) |  |  | (2.3 | ) |  |  | (2.0 | )
Non-deductible meals and entertainment |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  | 0.4 |  |  |  | 0.4 |
Expiration of uncertain tax positions |  |  | (0.4 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Other, net |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.1 |
Effective rate |  |  | 38.4 | % |  |  | 36.9 | % |  |  | 36.7 | %
The net deferred tax assets and (liabilities) arising from temporary differences was as follows at December 31:
(in thousands) |  | 2015 |  | 2014
Deferred income tax assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Self insurance reserves |  | $ | 7,464 |  |  | $ | 8,369 |
Contract loss reserves |  |  | 240 |  |  |  | 72 |
Stock-based awards |  |  | 3,986 |  |  |  | 4,420 |
Bonus |  |  | 2,497 |  |  |  | 2,578 |
Other |  |  | 960 |  |  |  | 886 |
Total deferred income tax assets |  |  | 15,147 |  |  |  | 16,325 |
Deferred income tax liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property and equipment – tax over book depreciation |  |  | (25,859 | ) |  |  | (25,350 | )
Intangible assets – tax over book amortization |  |  | (3,670 | ) |  |  | (3,799 | )
Total deferred income tax liabilities |  |  | (29,529 | ) |  |  | (29,149 | )
Net deferred income taxes |  | $ | (14,382 | ) |  | $ | (12,824 | )
As of December 31, 2015, the Company had no undistributed earnings of our Canadian subsidiary. We expect future earnings to be reinvested. Accordingly, no provision for U.S. income taxes or foreign withholding taxes has been made. The Company is subject to taxation in various jurisdictions. The Company is currently under examination by U.S. federal authorities for the open tax years 2012 through 2014 and subject to examination by various state authorities for the years 2011 through 2014. The Company has recorded a liability for unrecognized tax benefits related to tax positions taken on its various income tax returns. If recognized, the entire amount of unrecognized tax benefits would favorably impact the effective tax rate that is reported in future periods. The Company anticipates the total unrecognized tax benefits will be reduced within the next 12 months due to the lapses in the applicable statutes of limitations, as well as pending federal tax settlements for the three years under examination. The adjustment related to these items is estimated at approximately $0.3 million. Interest and penalties related to uncertain income tax positions are included as a component of income tax expense in the Financial Statements. The following is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending liability for unrecognized tax benefits at December 31:
(in thousands) |  | 2015 |  | 2014
Balance at beginning of period |  | $ | 507 |  |  | $ | 657 |
Gross increases in current period tax positions |  |  | 62 |  |  |  | 93 |
Gross increases in prior period tax positions |  |  | 19 |  |  |  | — |
Gross decreases in prior period tax positions |  |  | (163 | ) |  |  | (243 | )
Balance at end of period |  |  | 425 |  |  |  | 507 |
Accrued interest and penalties at end of period |  |  | 139 |  |  |  | 223 |
Total liability for unrecognized tax benefits |  | $ | 564 |  |  | $ | 730 |
The liability for unrecognized tax benefits, including accrued interest and penalties, was included in other liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The amount of interest and penalties charged or credited to income tax expense as a result of the unrecognized tax benefits was not significant in the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h)) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=26873400&loc=d3e23780-122690 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 3 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6907707&loc=d3e32559-109319 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 15 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6907707&loc=d3e32718-109319 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 9 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6907707&loc=d3e32639-109319 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6907707&loc=d3e32537-109319 + Details
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